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Falkhielm, Lövbom Inger, and Abdo Allin Hovsepian. "Whistleblowers : En kvalitativ studie av whistleblowers betydelse och om de har ersatt revisorerna när det gäller att avslöja oegentligheter." Thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6267.
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Under senare år har allt fler företagsskandaler uppmärksammats i media. De som larmar om oegentligheterna kallas ofta för whistleblowers och de har fått en alltmer framträdande position, efter att ha fört en relativt anonym tillvaro. Vårt syfte med uppsatsen är att få en bild av dessa whistleblowers. Vi vill även ta reda på om de i viss mån ersatt revisorernas arbete när det gäller att avslöja bedrägerier. Vi har med hjälp av en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod genomfört intervjuer med personer som besitter kunskaper i ämnet och intervjuat whistleblowers som på olika sätt visat civilkurage. Det handlar om modiga människor som vågar stå för sina principer och som inte viker undan för konsekvenserna. De har alla öppenhjärtigt berättat om sina erfarenheter, vilket gett oss en djupare förståelse för ämnet. De flesta som blåser i visselpipan gör det för att uppmärksamma omgivningen på missförhållanden, och resultatet från vår undersökning tyder på att det fortfarande är förenat med vissa risker att göra det. Ledningen på företagen kan använda sig av metoder, som degradering, sämre lönevillkor och andra olika hämndaktioner för att bli av med oönskad personal. Ibland förekommer hot och trakasserier. Vi har inte hittat några belägg för att whistleblowers skulle ha ersatt revisorerna när det gäller att avslöja bedrägerier, de snarare kompletterar varandra. En revisor har inte möjlighet att granska alla bokföringstransaktioner i företag och kan då få god hjälp av anställda, som uppmärksammar om något inte står rätt till. En whistleblower har dock inte alltid goda avsikter, det finns de som blåser i visslan av andra skäl, som av avundsjuka eller av hämndbegär. Det finns mycket forskning som kan göras i ämnet. Vår empiriska undersökning är för begränsad för att vi ska kunna dra några generella slutsatser. Det går dock att skönja en större tilltro till whistleblowers och i företagen börjar ledningen att förstå vikten av att ha personer inom organisationen, som larmar när någonting är fel. De inser att negativ publicitet kan förhindras om problemen uppmärksammas inom organisationen först. Nyckelord: whistleblowers, civilkurage, mod.
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Костенко, Олена Олександрівна. "Деякі аспекти ролі викривачів (whistleblowers) у протидії правопорушенням." Thesis, Право України, 2016. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/31209.
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У статті розкриті деякі аспекти проблематики правового захисту викривачів інформації, їх роль в боротьбі з корупцією на основі аналізу вітчизняного та міжнародного досвіду. Особливу увагу приділено проблемам правової дефініції «викривач», механізму їх захисту та аналізу загальних рекомендацій міжнародних організацій щодо регулювання захисту викривачів інформації. Розглянута у статті проблематика може бути актуальною для вдосконалення протидії правопорушенням (зокрема корупційним) в Україні.
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Aust, Christoph [Verfasser]. "Der Schutz personenbezogener Daten eines Whistleblowers in der Europäischen Kommission / Christoph Aust." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233108905/34.
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Ivory, S. Hilary Anne. "As yang as it gets : whistleblowers as archetypal heroes in contemporary society." Thesis, Open University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700286.
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Whistleblowers often report that they "had no choice" Aside from a few psychoanalytic studies, most whistleblowing research takes a post-positivist correlative approach seeking to identify likely antecedents to whistleblowing. Studies ignore the meaning of what the whistleblower is resisting, consequently missing what conditions might be contributing to individuals blowing the whistle on perceived wrongdoing. Organizational scholarship has begun to use Jungian interpretation; the author hypothesizes that this irresistible impulse is due to whistleblowers being sensitive to archetypal activity in Jung's collective unconscious, specifically a newly condensed form combining aspects of the Hero the seer and the Artist. In this frame, whlstleblowers are seen as countering the cultural repression of the light aspects of the Heraclean and the Jacobean Hero by embodying the re-emergent heroic Horus archetype, the Son and Champion of the Dark Queen. Within a theoretical framework that marries the principles of Jamesian pragmatism and critical theory, the archetypological approach priorizes an ethical teleology and allows for a flexible epistemology. The author has developed a distinctive method - the mytho-poetic analysis of social experience (MPASE) - to reveal new understandings from medical whistleblower narratives and dream reports. This method draws on abductive case study selection, Jungian amplification, Social Dreaming methodology and listening Post technique. Panel members of a Dream/Image Reflection Group free associate to excerpts from the whistleblower data, and then both sets of responses are subjected to the author's mytho-poetic amplification. Analysis highlights the importance of looking beyond organizational limits to the larger societal context in which organizations are embedded. This facilitates a recognition of the levels of misconduct that whistle blowers are resisting, and a way of comprehending the meaning of whistleblowing.
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Lindqvist, Stefan. "Press Freedom and the Protection of Whistleblowers : A Qualitative Study of Their Relationship." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-274488.
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This paper examines the potential causal link between press freedom and the quality of whistleblower-protection, namely the quality of the legislation designed to protect whistleblowers, and it does this with an intensive case study of Botswana and South Africa. In order to isolate the causal chain the paper controls for democracy, economic development, dependence on aid, Internet access, natural resources and state transparency. The results show that there is a correlation between press freedom and protection of whistleblowers, however the causal link could not be isolated thus inviting for further research into the relationship. The paper contributes to the field of political science by providing insights into the largely under-researched relationship between press freedom and protection of whistleblowers.
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Damberg, Lindh Caroline, and Ellen Pettersson. "Ekot av en whistleblower : Om organisationer och deras hantering av whistleblowing." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35218.
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Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att öka förståelsen för hur organisationer hanterar de situationer som uppstår då en anställd har utfört en whistleblowing samt vilka motiv som kan identifieras ligga bakom hanterandet. Metod: En tvärsnittsstudie som behandlar fenomenet whistleblowing med en abduktiv ansats. Datainsamlingen har skett genom en kvalitativ dokumentstudie Slutsats: Studien har visat att då en whistleblowing har skett har organisationerna i studien förnekat missförhållandet. Genom studien har det även kunnat konstateras att det som har bidragit till att missförhållanden inom organisationerna har utförts och upprätthållits har varit att missförhållandena tillfredsställt många olika vinstintressen inom organisationerna. Vidare har organisationerna hanterat whistleblowern genom att utsätta denne för repressalier.
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Wadensten, Sophie. "Sociala medier i offentlig sektor : En rättsdogmatisk uppsats om problematiken kring hur yttrandefriheten inskränker lojalitetsplikten inom den offentliga sektorn i samband med sociala medier." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24931.
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Social media has recently expanded dramatically, as more people are using different media such as blogs, Facebook and Twitter, to express their opinions. This increases the possibilities to spread information and an unclear legal regulation in this area can create adverse consequences. Freedom of expression is a constitutional right, which forms an important cornerstone of a democratic society. Public employees’ freedom of communication means that they can submit information to the media, without fear of reprisals from the authorities. The right does not mean that it frees the employees from their duties of loyalty to their employer and to follow the employer's decisions and directives. This jurisprudential thesis aims to clarify the legal guidelines for a relatively talked about problem, concerning how freedom of expression restricts the duty of loyalty in the public sector. Initially, unlawful restrictions on public employees' speech is reported to give the reader a better understanding of what is legally permissible legal action for an employee to take in these contexts. From a legal dogmatic method, the applicable law will be analyzed and provide answers to my main question: Under what conditions can public employees express themselves in social media and how does these statements relate to the employee's freedom of expression and the duty of loyalty? Public employees’ has a relatively high ceiling, in terms of what they can express themselves about in social media, which is largely due to the freedom of expression restricts the duty of loyalty in the public sector. In my judgment, stronger protection for whistleblowers in the Swedish legal system is required, since many employees are afraid of becoming victims of reprisals. Introduction of an enlarged protection of integrity, outside the scope of the YGL and TF, may also be necessary, since many social media falls outside the database rule and if violation occurs here it lapse protection. A new fundamental law on freedom of expression (NYGL) will hopefully contribute to increased understanding of the guidelines on social media usage. In the future, employers should focus on clearer policy in this area and also a clearer understanding of why freedom of speech is so valuable.
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Smit, Annemé. "Die ontslag van werknemers wat 'n beskermde openbaring doen / Annemé Smit." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8288.
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Die term whistleblowing word universeel aanvaar en daar word ʼn verskeidenheid definisies aangetref. Die eindresultaat van elke definisie bly tog dieselfde en die belangrikste gevolgtrekking wat gemaak kan word is dat ʼn werknemer ʼn beskermde openbaring maak van ongerymdhede in die werkplek en dat hy sodoende beskerm moet word van enige beroepsnadeel.
Die doel van ʼn beskermde openbaring lê in die feit dat dit die hoeksteen is waarop individuele verantwoordelikheid van werknemers gebou word. Verder vestig dit ʼn kultuur in die werkplek waar stappe geneem word deur die werkgewer om ongerymdhede te bekamp, deur ʼn beleid en prosedure in plek te stel. Die sukses van die bogenoemde sal dan tot gevolg hê dat werknemers en ook werkgewers ʼn punt daarvan sal maak om op te tree in die openbare belang.
Die Wet op Arbeidsverhoudinge 66 van 1995 bepaal dat enige beroepsnadeel wat nie in ooreenstemming met die Wet op Beskermde Openbaarmakings 26 van 2000 is nie, onbillik sal wees. Beide hierdie wette se hoofdoel is om die werknemer te beskerm teen onbillike ontslag, en in die geval van die WBO, spesifiek vir die beskerming van ʼn werknemer wat ʼn beskermde openbaring maak.
Die openbaring sal beskermd wees indien die inligting in goeie trou geopenbaar is en as die werknemer ʼn redelike geloof het dat die inhoud waar en korrek is.
Die ontslag van ʼn werknemer wat ʼn beskermde openbaring maak, en aan die prosedures soos deur die WBO voorgeskryf voldoen, is egter outomaties onbillik volgens artikel 187(1)(h) van die WAV. Die bewyslas rus op die werknemer om te bewys dat daar ʼn kousale verband bestaan tussen die openbaring wat hy gemaak het en die ontslag of beroepsnadeel wat plaasgevind het. Die openbaarmaker het verskeie remedies tot sy beskikking, maar in die geval van ontslag kan die Arbeidshof ʼn bevel toestaan vir die herindiensneming en/of betaling van kompensasie aan die werknemer.
Die doel van hierdie navorsingsvoorstel is om vas te stel wat werknemers se remedies is in die geval waar hulle onderwerp word aan beroepsnadeel as gevolg van die openbaring van inligting binne die werkplek. Hierdie studie sal gedoen word aan die hand van die Wet op Beskermde Openbaarmakings tesame met die Wet op Arbeidsverhoudinge deur die posisie van die werknemer te ontleed vanaf die tydstip toe hy bewus geword het van die inligting, totdat hy sy remedies uitgeoefen het. Daar sal deurlopend na wetgewing en regspraak verwys word om alle opinies en opmerkings te steun. Ten slotte sal daar kortliks vergelykings getref word met internasionale instrumente asook internasionale wetgewing.Thesis (LLM (Labour Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
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Pikó, Rita. "Swiss Legal Status on the Protection of Whistleblowers: Taking into account the EU Directive on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law." Universität Leipzig, 2020. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70825.
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The EU Whistleblower Protection Directive came into force on 16 December 2019. Switzerland
continues to struggle with this topic: the Swiss National Council (Nationalrat) dismissed
a draft law on its introduction on 3 June 2019 and, after the Swiss Council of States
(Ständerat) approved the draft law without changes on 16 December 2019, dismissed it
again on 5 March 2020.
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Косиця, О. О. "Адміністративно-правовий механізм забезпечення прав викривачів в Україні." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/74611.
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Дисертацію присвячено аналізу адміністративно-правового механізму забезпечення прав викривачів в Україні. Уточнено поняття викривача, його права та обов’язки, гарантії діяльності та відповідальність, а також принципи викривання. Запропоновано закріпити на законодавчому рівні вичерпний перелік прав та обов’язків викривачів. Визначено сутність, елементи, етапи механізму забезпечення прав викривачів. Удосконалено підходи до адміністративно-правових засобів та способів забезпечення прав викривачів. Розкрито інформаційне забезпечення адміністративної діяльності у сфері забезпечення прав викривачів в публічному та приватному секторах. Розглянуто повноваження Національного агентства запобігання корупції та Уповноваженого Верховної Ради України з прав людини у сфері забезпечення прав викривачів. Охарактеризовано різні види публічного контролю за забезпеченням прав викривачів. Розглянуто забезпечення прав викривачів як складову Європейського адміністративного простору. Узагальнено досвід зарубіжних країн, досліджено політику Європейського Союзу та практику Європейського суду з прав людини у сфері захисту прав викривачів та запропоновано напрями використання позитивного досвіду в українській законотворчості та правозастосуванні.Диссертация посвящена анализу административно-правового механизма обеспечения прав разоблачителей в Украине. Уточнены понятие разоблачителя, его права и обязанности, гарантии деятельности и ответственность, а также принципы разоблачения. Предложено закрепить на законодательном уровне исчерпывающий перечень прав и обязанностей обличителей. Определена сущность, элементы, этапы механизма обеспечения прав разоблачителей, и место в них норм административного права. Усовершенствованы подходы к административно-правовым средствам и способам обеспечения прав обличителей. Раскрыто информационное обеспечение административной деятельности в сфере обеспечения прав разоблачителей в публичном и частном секторах. Рассмотрены полномочия Национального агентства предотвращения коррупции и Уполномоченного Верховной Рады Украины по правам человека в сфере обеспечения прав разоблачителей. Охарактеризованы различные виды публичного контроля за обеспечением прав разоблачителей. Рассмотрено обеспечение прав разоблачителей как составляющую Европейского административного пространства. Обобщен опыт правового регулирования защиты прав разоблачителей в зарубежных странах. Исследованы политика Европейского Союза и практика Европейского суда по правам человека в сфере защиты прав разоблачителей и предложены возможности использования положительного опыта в украинском законотворчестве и правоприменении.
The thesis deals with the study of legislative and theoretical issues of the administrative legal mechanism for protecting the rights of whistleblowers in Ukraine. The thesis research aims to improve the notions of "whistleblower" and "whistleblower reporting on corruption", "legal status of the whistleblower", "mechanism for protecting the rights of whistleblowers", "administrative legal methods for protecting the rights of whistleblowers", "administrative legal methods for protecting the rights of whistleblowers", etc. The thesis specifies the concept of the whistleblower, its rights and obligations, guarantees of activity and responsibilities. It is proposed to enshrine the exhaustive list of rights and obligations of the whistleblowers at the regulatory level. The principles of disclosure of corruption cases by whistleblowers are as follows: good faith; honesty; reliability; voluntary participation, and reasonability. It is argued that the whistleblower, as a person, acting warranted by law knowingly and voluntarily, exclusively in the interests of security and welfare of the society, having a reasonable belief that the information is reliable, reports violation of the law by another person, is the subject of police activity. The thesis determines the essence, elements, stages of the mechanism for the protection the rights of whistleblowers, and the place of administrative rules. A mechanism for protecting the rights of whistleblowers is disclosed as a separate area of the legal mechanism for ensuring human rights; as a whole, it is a combination of interconnected regulatory elements, with the help of which conditions and opportunities are created for the implementation and protection of the rights of whistleblowers. The stages and elements of the mechanism for protecting the rights of whistleblowers are highlighted. The thesis improves approaches to administrative legal methods for the protection of the rights of whistleblowers. The information support of administrative activities in the field of protecting the rights of whistleblowers in the public and private sectors is disclosed. The author investigates the powers of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption and the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights in the field of ensuring the rights of whistleblowers. Various types of public control over ensuring the rights of whistleblowers are characterized. The thesis considers the rights of whistleblowers as a component of the European administrative space. The experience of foreign countries in the legal regulation of the protection of the rights of whistleblowers is summarized. The thesis studies the policy of the European Union and the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in the field of protection of the rights of whistleblowers and proposes areas for using positive experience in Ukrainian lawmaking and law enforcement. The Directive of the European Parliament and the Union on the Protection of Persons Reporting on Breach of the Union Law, adopted in April 2019, was examined, and it was argued that Ukraine should in any form agree to be bound by the rules of this international treaty to create a national concept and further a strategy for ensuring the rights of whistleblowers. The practical significance of the thesis is reflected in the proposals for amendments and supplementation of a number of legislative acts in the terms of the legislative consolidation of the rights of the whistleblowers on the protection of health, life and property, as well as the right to free legal aid. For this purpose, it was proposed to introduce changes and additions to Part 1 of Article 14 of the Law of Ukraine "On Free Legal Aid" No. 3460-VI dated June 2, 2011, as well as Part 1 of Article 2 of the Law of Ukraine "On Ensuring the Safety of Persons Participating in Criminal Proceedings" No. 3782-XII dated December 23, 1993; to develop and adopt the Law of Ukraine "On Public Anti-Corruption Expertise"; to amend the questionnaire that is contained in the guidelines for organizing work with reporting on corruption by whistleblowers (decision of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption No. 286 dated July 6, 2017), the issue of evidence (written, electronic, photo, video, audio) and liability for knowingly false reports of a crime, with links to articles of the law with the mandatory indication of sanctions.
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Weintraub, Kathryn Elizabeth. "Triumph of the Whistleblower." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2565.
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Thesis advisor: Donald FishmanThe whistleblower has emerged as a relevant player in today's shifting economic and corporate landscape. Using a critical-historical methodology, this thesis explores the dimensions and boundaries of the concept of the âwhistleblowerâ. The specific case studies of WorldCom, the Madoff Ponzi scheme, and WikiLeaks are examined. The analysis includes an investigation into the shifting role of the whistleblower in society and whether legislative enactments have been able to support societyâs need to protect current and future whistleblowers. Finally, this thesis examines the whistleblower's implications for a more ethical future
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2012
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Communication Honors Program
Discipline: Communication
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Fanchini, Mahaut. "Empêcher, susciter, disqualifier : des mécanismes organisationnels qui façonnent le lanceur d'alerte : le cas de l'industrie des services financiers." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED024.
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Cette recherche vise à interroger la façon dont des dispositifs organisationnels (formels et informels) façonnent la démarche d’alerte, lancée par un employé qui souhaite témoigner d’une fraude ou d’un manquement à l’éthique organisationnel.Inscrite dans un paradigme interprétativiste, notre design de recherche repose sur des entretiens qualitatifs ainsi que sur des récits de vie conduits avec des lanceurs d’alerte. Nos résultats permettent de montrer l’inopérance des dispositifs formels (outils de recueil de l’alerte) mis en place par l’organisation pour recueillir la parole de l’employé, qui manquent de traiter correctement l’alerte qui leur est signalée ; d’autre part, nous caractérisons l’idée selon laquelle d’autres dispositifs, plus informels, placent eux-mêmes, par leur non-réponse ou réponses ambiguës, l’employé en situation de lancer l’alerte, en dehors des dispositifs qui avaient été mis en place par l’organisation. Enfin, nous interrogeons la possibilité qui est laissée à un employé d’exprimer un doute lorsque celui-ci concerne le bien-fondé éthique de certaines pratiques organisationnellesThis research aims to examine the way in which organizational mechanisms (both formal and informal) shape the whistleblowing process initiated by employees wanting to expose a fraud or a breach of organizational ethics.Our research design adopts an interpretivist paradigm and is based on qualitative and life-story interviews conducted with whistleblowers. Our results show the ineffectiveness of the formal mechanisms implemented by organizations to collectemployee testimonies (tools for gathering employee warnings), which fail to correctly address the whistleblowing that is signaled to them. We also describe the suggestion that other, more informal, mechanisms, by failing to respond or byproviding ambiguous responses, place employees in a situation where they feel compelled to blow the whistle, outside the mechanisms implemented by the organization. Finally, we examine the possibilities available to employees to express doubts concerning the ethical soundness of certain organizational practices
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Niermann, Jonathan [Verfasser]. "Der Whistleblower im Beamtenrecht / Jonathan Niermann." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118534716X/34.
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Drake, Thomas. "Eyewitness to History in Devolution of Democracy and Constitutional Rights Following 9/11." Thesis, Walden University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10284227.
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Many researchers and political experts have commented on the disenfranchisement of the citizenry caused by irresponsible use of power by the government that potentially violates the 4th Amendment rights of millions of people through secret mass surveillance programs. Disclosures of this abuse of power are presumably protected by the 1st Amendment, though when constitutional protections are not followed by the government, the result can be prosecution and imprisonment of whistleblowers. Using a critical autoethnographic approach, the purpose of this study was to examine the devolution of democratic governance and constitutional rights in the United States since 9/11. Using the phenomena of my signature indictment (the first whistleblower since Daniel Ellsberg was charged under the Espionage Act) and prosecution by the U.S. government, data were collected through interviews with experts associated with this unique circumstance. These data, including my own recollections of the event, were inductively coded and subjected to a thematic analysis procedure. The findings revealed that the use of national security as the primary grounds to suppress democracy and the voices of whistleblowers speaking truth to, and about, power increased authoritarian tendencies in government. These tendencies gave rise to extra-legal autocratic behavior and sovereign state control over the institutions of democratic governance. Positive social change can only take place in a society that has robust governance and social structures that strengthen democracy, human rights, and the rule of law, and do not inhibit or suppress them.
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Marciszewski, Izabela. "The Phenomenon of Whistleblowing: A Series of Conceptual and Legal Considerations." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3143.
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Thesis advisor: Donald FishmanThe purpose of this thesis is to examine a multitude of concepts related to the phenomenon of whistleblowing. Chinn, Mufson, and Pearlman (2013) underline that we find ourselves “in the age of the whistleblower” and it is therefore imperative to understand this new phenomenon. The visibility of whistleblowers in the media is increasing but whistleblowers are not always portrayed accurately, and, as such, it may be beneficial to examine them in a more legitimate context. As whistleblowers can provide a tremendous service to the public, their organization, and the current economic situation, it is in society’s best interest to understand the whistleblowing process in order to encourage its expansion. The first half of the thesis examines the logistics of the whistleblowing process, the characterization of a whistleblower, and the various groups that can benefit from the whistleblowing phenomenon. This in depth analysis aims to dispel any misconceptions about whistleblowing and provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the literature available on whistleblower dynamics. The second half of the thesis reviews whistleblower laws from their foundation nearly two centuries ago all the way to current developments in whistleblower legislation. It analyzes the strengths and deficiencies of various legal measures and seeks to demonstrate why whistleblower legislation may never fully afford whistleblowers the comprehensive protection they deserve. This section will argue that, though whistleblower legislation has certainly improved in aiming to promote whistleblowing, certain deficiencies remain a permanent part of whistleblower law
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Communication Honors Program
Discipline: Communications
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Chu, Alan, and Alan Chu. "A Rhetoric of True Believers: The Art of Whistleblowing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626698.
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This dissertation project draws from major and minor conversations in rhetorical theory to investigate how the subject of whistleblowing offers rhetorical studies the means to advance the field in ways that are timely and necessary. The singular condition of US military and intelligence whistleblowers as a specially marginalized group, yet one with considerable skills and resources, potentially reorganizes how rhetoricians traditionally regard marginalized groups. In addition, the sophistication, inventiveness, and technical skill of individuals who are in incredibly disadvantageous positions forces us to revise our relationship with significant ongoing conversations in the field, from the way that rhetoric determines what is true or probable to the role of rhetoric in liberal democracies. As my project argues, whistleblowers also give us substantial reasons to revisit the major and minor terms in the discipline, such as ethos, parrhēsia, epideictic, and kairos, among others. Yet, for a subject with such inherent dialectical wealth, there is an absence of any sustained examination in the field of rhetoric, which is puzzling given the historical and concurrent rhetorical study regarding civic discourse in democratic assemblies as well as the ongoing focus on the domains of agency, authority, and positionality. This project concludes by explicating how whistleblowing in US military and intelligence contexts is not simply a check on unconstitutional acts or a correction of waste, fraud, and abuse but rather a process that preserves the very same principles that enable rhetoric to flourish.
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Bühler, Marc. "Der arbeitsrechtliche Schutz von Whistleblowern in der Schweiz." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04602249004/$FILE/04602249004.pdf.
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Redder, Jan-Philipp [Verfasser]. "Der verfassungsrechtliche Schutz von Whistleblowern. / Jan-Philipp Redder." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1238487483/34.
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Herold, Nico [Verfasser]. "Whistleblower : Entscheidungsfindung, Meldeverhalten und kriminologische Bewertung / Nico Herold." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1106279433/34.
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Pfeifle, Theresa [Verfasser]. "Finanzielle Anreize für Whistleblower im Kapitalmarktrecht / Theresa Pfeifle." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2016. http://d-nb.info/110633860X/34.
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Andonie, Luisa. "Whistleblower protection programs compromise the reported taxpayer's privacy." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-224035.
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The United States Whistleblower Program’s inadequate protections have placed the privacy and confidentiality rights of United States taxpayers in a vulnerable state. By using the United States Whistleblower Program as an example, this paper seeks to illustrate the risk of eroding the confidentiality and privacy rights of the taxpayer, which is a risk that other national and international governments should likewise attempt to mitigate in their own whistleblower protection programs.
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Lavesson, Emma. "WIKILEAKS; en spark i rumpan för journalistiken? : Svenska journalister och Wikileaks." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-154494.
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Wikileaks is using the new technical solutions to mount big leaks, consisting of secret or sensitive information from the government, institutions and business. This might profoundly change the media reality and it certainly means both new opportunities and new challenges for traditional media; the conditions for the journalists, the sources and the news reporting are changing. In this thesis the relationship between Swedish journalists and Wikileaks has been the focus; they both affect each other but the conditions for this relationship is not yet clear. Clearly there is an interdependence, but who really is dependent on the other and to which degree they are dependent on each other is still a question without a given answer. The aim of this thesis has been to discern a new journalism, and how this responds to the theories of Public Journalism and Journalistik 3.0. The main aim has been to examine what Swedish journalist thinks about Wikileaks, what their attitude towards Wikileaks are, if and how they think that Wikileaks have affected the Swedish journalism. The aim has also been to look at journalism and Wikileaks today and see if it can be said that they are influenced by Public Journalism or Journalism 3.0. To examine this a qualitative study have been used: ten journalists from four of Sweden’s largest newspapers have answered a list of questions. The answers then have been analyzed and compared to Public Journalism and Journalistik 3.0, these theories have been chosen with the help of John Pavliks thoughts about the technical development affect on journalism, and these are aslo used in the analyze. To put the analyze in context and give a understanding for why the aim of the thesis and the questions asked are relevant the first part of the thesis gives a background to journalism, the technical development and the Internet and how they have affected each other. As said this gives context to the empiric, but it is also used in the analyze and in the results, to answer the questions asked. The conclusions that could be drawn from this study is that Swedish journalists have a generally positive attitude to Wikileaks, especially concerning Wikileaks basic idea. They think it is positive that the organization is making it easier to access information that has been secret or sensitive and could help them reveal anomalies. But there is some cautions, concerning the big mass of information published and the scrutiny and screening this material is in need of, something that is expensive. The journalists do not think that Wikileaks yet have affected the journalism in any profound way; they say that the news production and the way they work still is the same. But the organization has shed light on shortcomings in how media is handling sources with digital information. Wikileaks also have caused the launch of other whistleblower-sights. In the future journalists might have a more filtering and screening role, and investigative journalism might be done from behind the desk. Special workgroups might work only with material from Wikileaks and other whistleblower-sights and cooperation between these organizations and journalists might become more frequent. Because Wikileaks allows the audience access to the source material they give the audience more power to influence the news reporting, it might also result that the source material more frequently is being published with the news articles. Regarding Public Journalism and the journalists it could be said that they, at least to some extent, have a similar view at the journalism as Public Journalism. Wikileaks can be seen as an expression of Public Journalism, as they counter too many of the ideals and cornerstones in the theory. Wikileaks also counter a lot of the characteristics found in Journalistik 3.0. According to the answers provided by the journalists it also could be said that a new journalism in large measure up to the characteristics in Journalistik 3.0. Author: Emma Lavesson Tutor: Anne-Marie Morhed Aim: The main aim of this thesis has been to examine what Swedish journalists think about Wikileaks, what their attitude towards Wikileaks are, if and how journalists think that Wikileaks have affected the Swedish journalism. The aim has also been to look at journalism and Wikileaks today and see if it can be said that they are influenced by Public Journalism or Journalism 3.0 Method and Material: One qualitative study has been used; a list of questions has been sent to ten different journalists from Sweden’s four biggest newspapers. The result from this list of questions then have been analyzed and compared to Public Journalism and Journalistik 3.0, theories of the public sphere and sources access or coverage also is used in the analyze. These theories have been chosen with the help of John Pavliks thoughts about how the technical development are affecting the journalism, and his thoughts are also being used in the analyze. To put the study in context a background of journalism, the technical development and the Internet is presented, and this is also used in the analyze and the result. Main results: Swedish journalists have a generally positive attitude to Wikileaks, especially concerning Wikileaks basic idea, the organisation give the journalist easier access to information that hve been bescret or sensitive and that could help them reveal anomilies. The journalists do not think that the organization have affected the journalism in any profound way. But the organisation has shed light on shortcomings in how the media is handeling sources with digital information and caused the launch of other whistleblower-sights. In the future the journalists might have a more filtering and screening role, and investigative journalism might be done from behind the desk. Special workgroups might work only with material from Wikileaks and other whistleblower-sights and cooperation between these organizations and journalists might become more frequent. Regarding Public Journalism and the journalists it could be said that they, at least to some extent, have a similar view at the journalism as Public Journalism. Wikileaks can be seen as an expression of Public Journalism, as they counter too many of the ideals and cornerstones in the theory. Wikileaks also counter a lot of the characteristics found in Journalistik 3.0.
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Schwartz-Miralles, Johanna. "Le lancement d'alertes en droits français et américain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0470.
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Cette thèse est une étude comparée du droit français et américain en matière de lancement d’alertes. Le droit en matière d’alertes est protéiforme : il englobe plusieurs règles, dont des dispositions en droit du travail, en droit civil, en droit pénal, ou en droit disciplinaire interdisant des actes de rétorsion à l’encontre des lanceurs d’alerte ; des dispositifs qui protègent la confidentialité ou l’anonymat des lanceurs d’alerte ; des devoirs d’alerter ; des restrictions au droit de révéler des informations sensibles ; des procédures obligatoires d’alerte ; ou encore des lois qui autorisent le paiement de récompenses financières aux lanceurs d’alerte. En analysant les textes juridiques français et américains en la matière, cette thèse distingue deux grands modèles dans le domaine du droit d’alerte. Le premier, qui prédomine en France, vise principalement la protection du droit fondamental du lanceur d’alerte à la liberté d’expression ; ce modèle est également dominant au niveau du droit européen. Le deuxième modèle, américain, est axé moins sur la protection du droit du lanceur d’alerte à la liberté d’expression, que sur le rôle de l’alerte dans la détection et la prévention des infractions. Cette thèse montre comment ces deux modèles influencent les choix législatifs et jurisprudentiels français et américains, se concrétisant ainsi en règles de droit parfois similaires, parfois différentesThis thesis is a comparative study of French and American laws surrounding whistleblowing. Whistleblower laws take multiple forms, including prohibitions against whistleblower retaliation in employment, civil, criminal and civil service provisions; laws enshrining whistleblowers’ rights to anonymity or confidentiality; laws imposing reporting duties; laws restricting the right to report sensitive information; laws imposing mandatory whistleblowing procedures; and provisions authorizing whistleblower rewards. Closely examining the various French and American provisions in the field, this thesis argues that these two legal systems embody competing models of whistleblower protection. The French approach is focused primarily on protecting whistleblowers’ fundamental right to free speech; this is also the prevailing model at the European level. The American approach, on the other hand, is less concerned with protecting the whistleblower’s individual right to free speech than with the instrumental value of the whistleblower’s disclosure in preventing and detecting illegal activity. This thesis traces how these competing theoretical models of whistleblower protection manifest themselves, concretely, in legislation and case law in France and the United States
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Diale, AJ. "The role and importance of whistle blowing in building organisational integrity in the public sector: A theoretical exposition." Journal of Public Administration, 2010. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001170.
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Constant media exposure of organisational wrong-doing; unethical
dealings and illegal practices have come to dominate the discussions
on corporate governance. Such exposures are normally brought about
by, among others, stake-holder activism and organisational employees. Usually,
in such cases, employees have had prior knowledge about the organisational
misdeeds, but chose not to, or were afraid to speak out. If they did speak out,
then organisational retaliation would befall the individual whistleblower without
any attention to the issues raised; which tends to bring the organisational integrity
into question. Numerous case studies and research initiatives have demonstrated
that whistle-blowing can and does play a positive role in strengthening
accountability mechanisms in organisations, and, by extension, helps build
organisational integrity (Jos, 1991:105-118; Johnson & Kraft, 1990:849-874).
The aim of this article is to explore theoretically the nature of whistleblowing
as it transcends across legal, ethical/moral and social fields. This will
be demonstrated using documented South African cases of organisational
misfortunes. This exploration will be used to highlight aspects to be considered
for a framework in building whistleblower infrastructure as an integral component
of the organisational integrity, both in public and private organisations.
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Holtzhausen, N. "Whistleblowing for good governance: Issues for consideration." Journal of Public Administration, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001414.
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Abstract
One of the key obstacles in the fight against corruption is the fact that,
without legal protection, individuals are often too intimidated to speak out
or blow the whistle. The Protected Disclosures Act 2000 (Act 26 of 2000)
provides protection against occupational detriment to those who disclose information
of unlawful or corrupt conduct. This law is therefore an important weapon in the anticorruption
struggle to encourage honest employees to report wrongdoing.
The presumed benefits of whistleblowing for good governance should be seen
against the possible negative consequences of whistleblowing. Whistleblowers
are both citizens and managers, and are therefore exposed to dilemmas in both
roles. As citizens, they want to see the termination of wrongdoing. As managers,
they would prefer whistleblowing incidents to go through internal channels only.
However, if whistleblowing is ineffective, it benefits no one.
There is an increasing focus on good (and bad) corporate governance and
institutions that are transparent and open will benefit from more favourable
investor perceptions. Improved relationships with the public show that a substantial
effort has been made to endow public administration with a legal framework that
encourages the players involved to assume a greater sense of responsibility and
develop practices to promote transparency and to protect whistleblowers.
Government has to overcome numerous difficulties caused largely by the
burden of history, unethical and corruptive constraints and government secrecy.
In the face of these difficulties, efficient administration that serves the needs of all
citizens is one prerequisite for strengthening the rule of law and the credibility of
the state, both internally and externally. Such administration must be transparent,
responsible and accountable, and served by honest officials. In the current context
of the globalisation of the world economy and the fluidity of cultural boundaries.
Administrations in all countries also face a variety of issues, including the ethical
problems concerned with the protection of employees who expose malpractice
or misconduct in the workplace, transparent administration and good governance.
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Andrade, Julio Anthony. "From pariah to parrhesiastes : reconceptualising the whistleblower in a complex world." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18043.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis commences with an exploration of the ethics of whistleblowing as traditionally understood, describing the ethical dilemma at its centre: remaining loyal to one's organisation, against alerting society to organisational wrongdoing that threatens its welfare. The positions on several problematic issues in the literature, such as dissent, organisational retaliation, whistleblower motive, and mandatory whistleblowing will be presented and evaluated. The key internal/external disclosure dichotomy within whistleblowing will also be critically examined. The purported solutions to these issues, as well as whistleblowing's central dilemma, will be shown to remain unsatisfactory. This will be attributed to the adoption of an Enlightenment rules-based approach to ethics in general, which underpins and informs the ethics of whistleblowing in particular. An Enlightenment rules-based approach seeks to posit universal and immutable ethical standards that transcend context. As corrective to the above failings, the ethics of whistleblowing will be investigated from the view that seeks to understand whistleblowing as a historically determined and culturally mediated social practice. Within the contexts of the USA and South Africa it will be demonstrated that key whistleblowing issues (and even the central whistleblowing dilemma of divided loyalties) cannot be cast in immutable and universal terms, and are influenced by the contingencies that accompany them. An attempt will then be made to understand whistleblowing in the context of the globalisation of the last thirty years, which will prove more difficult. This will be undertaken through an analysis of Vandekerckhove's project, which seeks to place the normative legitimisations of whistleblowing legislation and organisational whistleblowing policies within a globalisation semantic able to contain the conflict between society and the organisation. This will be shown as ill-conceived because of Vandekerckhove's particular understanding of the organisation as an operationally closed system. Moving the argument forward will be undertaken at the hand of Critical Complexity theory which attempts to make the case for understanding the organisation as an open system. This will allow us to recast corporate responsibility as relational responsiveness to a particular stakeholder, which in turn will allow flexibility in terms of who qualifies as a recipient of a disclosure of wrongdoing. Consequently the internal/external disclosure dichotomy will be proved unsustainable. Further opening up the organisation will render the boundary with society meaningless, as it will be shown that the identity of society and organisation are inextricably tied together. As such, the notion of society versus the organisation will disappear, and whistleblowing will be reconceptualised as loyalty to both society and the organisation simultaneously, thus rendering the central dilemma of whistleblowing obsolete.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis begin met 'n studie van die etiese kwessies rakende fluitjieblasers soos dit tradisioneel verstaan word, en beskryf die sentrale etiese dilemma – om lojaal te bly tot die organisasie, teenoor om die gemeenskap in te lig oor die organisatoriese oortredings wat die welvaart van die gemeenskap bedreig. Die verskillende menings ten opsigte van verskeie problematiese kwessies in die literatuur soos verdeeldheid, organisatoriese vergelding, motief van die fluitjieblaser en verpligte fluitjieblaas sal aangebied en gëevalueer word. Die hoof vraag of 'n openbaring van informasie wat binne of buite die organisasie gebeur as fluitjieblaas beskou kan word, word ook krities ondersoek. Die voorgestelde oplossings tot hierdie kwessies, sowel as die fluitjieblaser se kerndilemma, is onbevredigend en sal dus onderskryf word deur die aanvaarding van 'n reëls-gebaseerde Verligtingsbenadering tot etiek in die algemeen, wat deur die etiek van fluitjieblaas spesifiek, ondersteun en ingelig word. 'n Reëls-gebaseerde Verligtingsbenadering poog om universele en onveranderlike etiese standaarde, wat konteks oorbrug, te postuleer. As korreksies tot die bogenoemde tekortkominge, sal die etiek van fluitjieblaas ondersoek word vanuit 'n benadering wat poog om fluitjieblaas as 'n histories bepaalde en versoenbare sosiale praktyk te verstaan. Binne die konteks van die VSA en Suid-Afrika, sal dit gedemonstreer word dat sleutel fluitjieblaas kwessies, en selfs die sentrale fluitjieblaas dilemma van verdeelde lojaliteit, nie binne onveranderlike en universele terme gegroepeer kan word nie, en dat hierdie kwessies beïnvloed word deur die gebeurlikhede wat daarmee gepaard gaan. 'n Poging sal aangewend word om fluitjieblaas binne die konteks van globalisering in die afgelope 30 jaar te verstaan, wat meer kompleks sal wees. Dit sal gedoen word deur 'n analise van Vandekerckhove se projek, wat poog om die normatiewe legitimering van fluitjieblaas wetgewing en organisatoriese fluitjieblaas beleide in 'n globale semantiek te plaas, ten einde om die konflik tussen die gemeenskap en die organisasie te verminder. Dit sal bewys word dat hierdie projek nie deurdag is nie, as gevolg van Vandekerckhove se bepaalde begrip van organisasies as 'n operasionele geslote sisteem. Die argument sal verder onderskryf word aan die hand van die Kritiese Kompleksiteitsteorie, wat die organisasie as 'n oop sisteem beskryf. Dit sal ons toelaat om korporatiewe verantwoordelikheid as 'n reaksie in 'n verhouding met 'n spesifieke belanghebbende te beskryf, wat weer op sy beurt ons sal toelaat om buigsaam te wees in die kwalifisering van wie as 'n ontvanger van 'n onthulling van oortredings geïdentifiseer moet word. Gevolglik sal die onderskeid tussen 'n interne en eksterne openbaring van informasie as onvolhoubaar bewys word. As die organisasie oper gemaak word, sal dit die grens met die gemeenskap betekenisloos maak, omdat, soos bewys sal word, die identiteit van die organisasie en gemeenskap onlosmaaklik vas is aan mekaar. So sal die konsep van gemeenskap teenoor die organisasie verdwyn, en sal fluitjieblaas geherkonsepsualiseer word as gelyktydige lojaliteit tot beide die gemeenskap en die organisasie, wat die sentrale dilemma van fluitjieblaas sal uitskakel.
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Lauchs, Mark Adam. "Rational avoidance of accountability by Queensland governments." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16368/1/Mark_Lauchs_Thesis.pdf.
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Anthony Downs public choice theory proposes that every rational person would try to meet their own desires in preference to those of others, and that such rational persons would attempt to obtain these desires in the most efficient manner possible. This thesis submits that the application of this theory would mean that public servants and politicians would perform acts of corruption and maladministration in order to efficiently meet their desires. As such action is unavoidable, political parties must appear to meet the public demand for accountability systems, but must not make these systems viable lest they expose the corruption and maladministration that would threaten the government’s chance or re-election. The thesis demonstrates this hypothesis through a study of the history of the public sector in Queensland. It shows that all governments have displayed a commitment for accountability whilst simultaneously ensuring the systems would not be able to interfere with government control or expose its flaws.
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Lauchs, Mark Adam. "Rational avoidance of accountability by Queensland governments." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16368/.
Full textAbstract:
Anthony Downs public choice theory proposes that every rational person would try to meet their own desires in preference to those of others, and that such rational persons would attempt to obtain these desires in the most efficient manner possible. This thesis submits that the application of this theory would mean that public servants and politicians would perform acts of corruption and maladministration in order to efficiently meet their desires. As such action is unavoidable, political parties must appear to meet the public demand for accountability systems, but must not make these systems viable lest they expose the corruption and maladministration that would threaten the government’s chance or re-election. The thesis demonstrates this hypothesis through a study of the history of the public sector in Queensland. It shows that all governments have displayed a commitment for accountability whilst simultaneously ensuring the systems would not be able to interfere with government control or expose its flaws.
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Hanes, Leah. "Leadership for Social Change: Illuminating the Life of Dr. Helen Caldicott." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1432298324.
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Gustavsson, Josefin, Ebba Parr, and Isabelle Gerdin. "Att vara en visselblåsare i Sverige : En uppsats om rättigheter och skyldigheter." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Affärsrätt, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111148.
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Ett whistleblowingsystem, på svenska kallat visselblåsningssystem, är till för att underlätta för en anställd att slå larm om oegentligheter på en arbetsplats. Det kan vara en särskild mejladress, telefonnummer eller hemsida som arbetsgivaren inrättat för ändamålet att arbetstagaren ska kunna rapportera oegentligheter. En visselblåsare kan även vända sig externt och rapportera oegentligheter, t. ex till media. Att inrätta ett visselblåsningssystem har blivit mer och mer populärt men konsekvenserna för den anställde som visselblåser är ofta av negativ karaktär. Visselblåsaren kan exempelvis bli mobbad på sin arbetsplats, omplaceras eller helt enkelt tvingas bort från sitt arbete. Anställda inom offentlig verksamhet har ett grundlagsstadgat skydd i YGL och TF avseende efterforskningsförbud och repressalieförbud. Detta innebär att arbetsgivaren ej får efterforska i vem som lämnat uppgifter och vidta repressalier mot den anställde på grund av detta. En anställd inom privat verksamhet åtnjuter inte samma skydd. I uppsatsen undersöker vi vilka rättigheter och skyldigheter en arbetsgivare/arbetstagare faktiskt har enligt svensk lag när en anställd agerar som visselblåsare. Detta har inneburit att lagar såsom LAS, FHL, PUL och AvtL analyserats. Även DiskL och BrB har behandlats samt förarbeten, doktrin och internetkällor. Vi har kommit fram till att både arbetsgivaren och arbetstagaren har skyldigheter/rättigheter enligt svensk lag när arbetstagaren nyttjar ett visseblåsningssystem inrättat av arbetsgivaren. Arbetsgivaren befinner sig dock i en starkare position och skyddet för visselblåsaren är i skrivande stund inte tillräckligt starkt. Vi önskar se att: - Företagen underlättar och uppmuntrar rapportering av oegentligheter genom tydliga riktlinjer och utbildningar. - Visselblåsarens anonymitetsskydd förstärks genom lagstiftning eller avtal gällande ett efterforskningsförbud/repressalieförbud även för anställda i privat sektor. - Företagen bör använda sig av tredje part för hantering av visselblåsningssystem för att förstärka anonymitetsskyddet för den anställde
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Amundson, Ryan Lo Clarence Y. H. "The ethical resister's last resort news coverage over the allegations of a national security whistleblower /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6583.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 14, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Clarence Lo. Includes bibliographical references.
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Pattison, Deborah. "Safeguarding Against Fraud, Waste, and Abuse| Whistleblower Protections and Tips Hotlines in Special-Purpose and Local Governments." Thesis, Utica College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10687422.
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Savvy and opportunistic fraudsters increasingly target smaller governmental organizations. Insufficient transparency and disjointed accountability over controls nurture the hidden nature of occupational fraud and allow wrongdoing to escalate during decades of routine operations. Criminal sentencings confirm local government and education officials misusing their positions and placing their own interests above those of their communities. Both primary case studies—a municipal crime in the City of Dixon, Illinois and corruption inside Roslyn, New York’s Union Free School District—illustrate how embezzling more than $65 million remained undetected over thirty years until tip disclosure. The extension of unmerited trust created insufficient segregation of duties among employees and low monitoring left public resources vulnerable to fraud, waste, abuse, and corruption. The project holds ternary importance for risk management since one-third of small entities experience fraud, traditional external auditing identifies fraud in less than five percent of instances, and receiving anonymous tips through reporting hotlines improves detection by up to 20% and reduces losses (ACFE, 2016). The project examined stakeholder speak-up strategies including whistleblower protections and tips hotline (WP&TH) initiatives to understand how organizational context, willful blindness, information access, and citizen engagement affect local government’s focus on fraud detection and remediation. Case studies show WP&TH initiatives to be financially and operationally superior in identifying risk and promoting transparency in small local governments. Third-party, 24/7 call centers and anonymous, two-way dialog web/text are underutilized tools for recognizing fraud precursors and stopping them before they aggregate, escalate, or become institutional norm.
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Kraemer, Sharan. "The whistleblower in the workplace: The influence of the personal characteristics of individuals who have blown the whistle in one Australian context." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/229.
Full textAbstract:
Whistleblowing is not a new phenomenon but recent technological advances, which make corrupt behaviour difficult to hide, have exposed whistleblowingg as a burgeoning problem on several levels: international, national and local. Whistleblowing presents problems not only for the organisation which must deal with the offender, contain any damage to its reputation and manage the problems that enabled the corrupt behaviour in the first place; but it presents problems for the whistleblower. While ultimately an organisation may benefit from a whistleblower's action, the whistle blower's journey is rarely without sacrifices. Individual whistleblowers must call upon personal strengths to report misconduct despite probable adverse consequences. To explore an aspect of contemporary whistle blowing, this research relies on the theory of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) which identifies five characteristics of whistleblowing behaviour: altruism, courtesy, sportsmanship, civic virtue and conscientiousness (Organ 1990, 1997). Van Dyne, Graham and Dienesch (1394) whose research tested OCB theory, argued that loyalty to the organisation was also an important characteristic. In a later study Paine and Organ (2000) concluded that in Australia. OCBs and loyalty to the organisation are negated by the Australian ethos of "mateship". These concepts are a springboard for the proposed research.
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Kenney, Cynthia A. "Perceptions of Women's Teams Coaches Regarding Gender Equity and Title IX Compliance in Community Colleges." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1744.
Full textAbstract:
Title IX was enacted over 40 years ago, and although there have been marked increases in the number of girls and women participating in athletics at every level, gender equity in athletics continues to be a concern. This is especially evident at the community college level. Title IX requires equity in the areas of opportunities for participation, opportunities for financial aid, and equity in benefits and services. This study sought to ascertain perceptions of equity held by community college coaches of women’s teams. A cross-sectional design was used to survey coaches from all regions of the NJCAA who were listed in the National Directory of in regard to their perceptions of equity in opportunities for participation, opportunities for scholarships, awareness and understanding of Title IX and related compliance issues, including whistleblower protection, and their level of comfort in discussing gender equity issues with supervisors. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences in perceptions regarding gender equity in terms of opportunities for participation, opportunities for financial aid by means of athletic scholarships, benefits and services, awareness and understanding and level of comfort in discussing perceptions regarding gender equity issues or Title IX non-compliance based on gender, years’ experience coaching, sport coached and region, although effect sizes for each analysis were determined to be small. Without question, women are in a better position to recognize gender inequities in athletics on college campuses. It is essential that women are recruited and hired into leadership positions in athletic departments and into executive positions in educational administrations at community colleges. Without a voice at the decision-making levels, the pace at which community colleges move toward equity will continue to lag.
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Berg, Camilla, and Tove Larsson. "Det är vår förbannade skyldighet! : En kvalitativ studie av hur socialsekreterare kan uppleva utrymmet för civilkurage." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-26680.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis studies public service social workers' opinions regarding their ability to act with moral courage as loyalty conflicts occur. The purpose of the thesis is to describe the social workers' experiences of their possibilities to stand up for what they believe in. We made qualitative interviews with five social workers in Stockholm. In an effort to pinpoint their experiences we asked them questions about what they want but cannot do and what is stop-ping them, what they do not want to do and why, aswell as what the possible solutions would be as loyalty conflicts occur. We were able to identify five different opinions on the organisa-tional cultures and how the employees' experience the extent of their actions. The social workers agree that at the moment they are able to alert a manager should a loyalty conflict occur and neither would want to further complicate the situation by working slower.The ob-stacles for acting in a loyalty conflict is connected to the hierarchies and abuse of power and personal impediments like their own expectations and dejected opinions such as "nothing is going to change anyway". When the social worker chooses not to act it is often because of moral values.
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Schenkel, Pontus. "Whistleblowing – En komparativ undersökning : – Svensk reglerings verkan och nyttjandet av amerikansk rätt de lege ferenda." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Affärsrätt, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-137115.
Full textAbstract:
I syfte att undanröja oegentligheter förekommer det att arbetstagare inom bolag avslöjar uppkomna missförhållanden; så kallad whistleblowing. För svensk rätts vidkommande lagstiftades detta rättsinstitut först år 2017, i syfte att förhindra företeelser såsom marknadsmissbruk, korruption och miljöförstöring. Den nyligen antagna lagstiftningen tycks enligt kritikerna dock innehålla oklara moment. Det är sålunda av vikt att undersöka huruvida lagstiftningen kommer verka effektivt för whistleblower[s]. Skulle lagstiftningen vara att anse otillräcklig och icke förutsebar, föreligger nämligen risk för informationsasymmetrier. För att utreda problematiken är en komparativrättslig studie med stöd av amerikansk rätt avseende whistleblowing relevant. Aktuellt för detta arbete är Sarbanes-Oxley Act och Dodd-Frank Act, vilka antogs år 2002 i genmäle till större redovisningsskandaler inom Enron och Worldcom, respektive marknadskollapsen år 2008 och efterföljande bankkonkurser. Det huvudsakliga syftet var att etablera procedurer för behandling av larm avseende missförhållanden, förbud mot repressalier, samt skadestånds- och straffrättsligt ansvar respektive främjande av finansiell stabilitet. Beträffande svensk rätt har whistleblower[s] erhållit skydd medelst yttrandefrihet, meddelarskydd, arbetsrättsligt skydd, lojalitetsplikt, samt av bolag företagen självreglering. Denna gällande rätt har dock ansetts ofullständig och omständlig. Den för svensk rätts vidkommande antagna lagstiftningen avseende whistleblowing innehåller krav på allvarliga missförhållanden och fog för påstående, samt möjliggörs intern- och externrapporterting. Argumentationen i propositionen framstår emellertid såsom inkonsekvent. Det bör sålunda vara rimligt anta, att de svagheter i svensk rätt som kan återfinnas i regleringen avseende whistleblowing resulterar i ett, för svensk rätts vidkommande, skydd för arbetstagare som är fragmenterat och svårtillämpat. Visserligen har även amerikansk rätt avseende whistleblowing fått utstå kritik. Oavsett reflektioner beträffande kritiken amerikansk rätt mottagit, får amerikansk reglering anses erbjuda tydligare skydd, varför det bör vara möjligt överföra vissa delar av amerikansk rätt till svensk reglering avseende whistleblowing, för att stärka regleringen och möjliggöra att dess ändamål uppfylls.In order to eliminate irregularities in companies, workers can reveal anomalies; through so-called whistleblowing. In Swedish law, this legal phenomenon was adopted into legislation in 2017. However, according to critics, the legislation contains unclear clauses. Thus, it is important to examine whether the legislation will work effectively. Should the newly adopted legislation be considered inadequate and unpredictable, there is a risk for information asymmetries. Therefore, a comparative legal study with support of American law regarding whistleblowing, is motivated. In this thesis, I will examine the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) as well as the Dodd-Frank Act of 2008, which were adopted in response to the major accounting scandals of Enron and WorldCom, respectively the market collapse in 2008 and subsequent bank failures. In both SOX and the Dodd Frank Act, procedures for the management of whistleblower alarms, prohibitions on reprisals as well as rules on tort and criminal liability were introduced with an aim to promote financial stability. As to Swedish law, whistleblowers have received protection from reprisals by laws regulating freedom of speech, protection of sources, labor law protection, the concept of duty of loyalty, and by companies establishing self-regulation. However, statutory protection of whistleblowers in other laws has been considered incomplete, which is why the legislature has deemed whistleblowing worthy of protection by a separate law only governing whistleblowing. However, the newly adopted Swedish law regarding whistleblowing appears to contain some weaknesses due to inconsistencies and unclear clauses. It is true that American laws regarding whistleblowing have endured criticism. However, it is reasonable to assume that the weaknesses in Swedish law regarding whistleblowing result in a protection for workers, which is fragmented and difficult to apply. Given the fact that American regulation regarding whistleblowing is providing more consistent protection to whistleblowers, Swedish regulators should consider the adoption of certain rules from American law, to strengthen the regulation and allow its purpose to be fulfilled.
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Ozdowski, Adam Antoni. "Fraud and financial misconduct reporting: The perceived importance of report recipient characteristics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206088/1/Adam_Ozdowski_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Whistleblowing remains the most effective means of combating fraud. However, encouraging people to come forward and put themselves in a vulnerable position remains a challenge. Against the backdrop of lapses in public sector ethics, this research focused on the effectiveness of Public Interest Disclosure legislation and the difference between protections offered to potential whistleblowers in the public and private sectors. Using the whistleblowing triangle, this research showed that potential whistleblowers seek report recipients with certain characteristics. These characteristics depend on the whistleblowers' perceived behavioural control and whether the whistleblowers believe the wrongdoing constitutes occupational or organisational deviance.
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Wilde, Jaron H. "Citizen Watch in the Accounting Department? Tax and Financial Reporting Responses to Employee Whistleblowing Allegations." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151107.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the relation between employee whistleblowing allegations and firms’ subsequent tax and financial reporting behavior. I draw on economic theory to develop expectations for and test firms’ tax and financial reporting responses to whistleblowing reports of corporate financial misconduct. I employ a difference-in-difference research design to test whether firm’s subject to employee whistleblowing allegations related to financial misconduct exhibit significantly less misreporting risk and tax avoidance in the period following the allegations relative to a control group of firms not subject to whistleblowing allegations.
Using a unique sample of whistleblowing cases obtained from the U.S. government, I find that firms subsequently engage in significantly less aggressive financial reporting behavior and have significant increases in their effective tax rates following whistleblowing allegations. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence on firms’ tax and financial reporting responses to employee whistleblowing and by highlighting the role that employees play in both tax and financial reporting oversight. In light of regulators’ recently heightened emphasis on whistleblower programs, the results of this study should be of interest to regulators, researchers, auditors, and investors.
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Raghunath, Mahendra. "Investigative journalism and whistleblowers: the ethical handling of sources in the “Inkathagate” and “Vlakplaas” newspaper exposes’." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24582.
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A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
degree of the University of Witwatersrand’s Masters by Coursework and
Research Report in Journalism studies, Johannesburg, February 2017Journalists are often presented with leaked information from whistleblowers. Having the information and writing the story, as well as handling a source that may or may not want to be anonymous, gives rise to ethical dilemmas on the part of the journalist. This was certainly true for journalists reporting on the political violence in South Africa during the late 1980s and the early 1990s. Journalists operate under codes of practice that are set by various media organisations and must ensure that in using whistleblower information to write their stories, “they must avoid breaches of ethics, fairness, factual accuracy and contextual accuracy” (Houston, B. et al., 2002: 538). And most importantly, journalists are ethically bound to protect their sources. This research looks at the interaction between journalists and their sources of information in two major stories that involved the use of whistleblowers. It discusses and compares the issue of “source handling”, in the following two South African stories which used information leaked by whistleblowers: a. the 1991 “Inkathagate” story, which was broken by the Weekly Mail newspaper; b. “Vlakplaas” hit squad story, initially involving the Weekly Mail (20 October 1989) and then Vrye Weekblad (November 1989). This study also brings into focus the issue of strengthening journalistic ethics in the South African context. It contends that the “Inkathagate” and “Vlakplaas” stories were dependent on the verification of the information, as well as the ethical handling of the whistleblowers. This study raises questions about the motivations of the whistleblowers, their relationships with the journalists, as well as the critical role of the public’s “right to know”, or “public interest”.
XL2018
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Koblerová, Markéta. "Whistleblowing a pracovněprávní vztahy, vývoj právní úpravy v ČR." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-393005.
Full textAbstract:
In the submitted diploma thesis, the author deals with the topic of whistleblowing, in other words protected disclosure of wrongdoing, which is highly topical issue in the Czech Republic over the last decade. This issue gained attention with the first publicly known cases of Czech whistleblowers and also with several submitted legislative proposals for a complex legal regulation of the regime of protected disclosure in the Czech Republic. In the first part of the thesis, the author defines the concept of whistleblowing, in particular through several legal definitions from various authors. This part also deals with the development of the institute in the Anglo-Saxon countries as well as with its overlap into other sectors. Its related aspects are also discussed, namely the concept of labor-law relations and the duty of loyalty. On the whole, the first chapter should provide a more comprehensive view of the whistleblowing institute in order to draw the most important elements needed in the possible regulation of protected disclosure. The second chapter presents international commitments of the Czech Republic related to the regulation of this institute and consisting the most important documents adopted by European Union and other important international organizations, including some relevant case-law of the...
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Schmidt, Hendrik C. "Protecting the whistleblower." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6022.
Full textAbstract:
M.Phil.Whistleblowers have become known as being disloyal employees and troublemakers. This perception has caused whistle blowing to be despised rather than encouraged. Whistle blowing is effectively raising a concern about an impropriety that assists in ensuring individual responsibility and organisational accountability. Making disclosures causes employees to be victimised by their employers as well as fellow employees. Employees generally did not feel protected enough to come forward with information on corruption, even though the witness protection system had been reformed and was working well. A well functioning hotline system is of importance and should be linked to the implementation of a protection regime for whistle blowers. Employees making anonymous disclosures are difficult to investigate, in that problems in corroborating the information as well as in not being able to remedy the underlying cause of the disclosure exist. Hotlines through which the public and employees anonymously report suspected corruption does not satisfactory deal with the issues when the purpose of whistle blowing is to promote a culture of transparency and accountability. The aim is to provide provisions for employees to disclose information about suspected criminals or other irregular conduct without fear or reprisals. The Protected Disclosures Act is an important step in providing protection for those who expose corruption in the workplace. Employers and employees should be treated on an equal basis with regards to whistle blowing. It is in the best interest of both employees and employers to have internal channels that encourage protected disclosures, providing protection to both employers and employees. Different measures exist to protect whistleblowers. One such measure is by means of legislation. Secondly, courts have also developed principles in this regard. However, in certain instances, the labour law will not provide protection were a professional individual acts in breach of the confidentiality obligation vested upon him within the client professional relationship. Legislation relating to general protection such as the right to freedom of association and access to information, also provide protection. The codes of conduct and ethical rules of professional bodies can also be adapted to provide protection to professionals, including employment contracts that provide for protection in certain instances. Despite all of the above, instances will always arise where tensions exist and problems arise, such as the continuous tension between the monopoly of the state in respect of certain information and the question on which information should be protected under legislation. It is therefore clear that many instances arise where protection is not afforded to whistleblowers. To apply the protection afforded by the Protected Disclosure Act horizontally between private bodies, private bodies should be protected from detriment. A tax consultant aware that a client is defrauding the South African Revenue Service will fear that if it challenges the client or threatens to report the fraud, the client will cancel the contract. It is recommended that a more inclusive approach to employment is to be followed as "atypical" employment is on the increase in South Africa as in many other countries. Homework, where a person undertakes to work on contract from home as well as workers supplied by temporary employment services, enable the organisations to vary the number of workers deployed so as to ensure flexibility. Independent contractors are often in a good position to uncover and disclose irregular conduct in the private or public sector. In addition, it is also advised that applicants for employment in the definition of an employee in the Protected Disclosures Act be included. In order to protect whistle blowers further, the definition of occupational detriment in the above act should also be extended to include reprisal by employers such as the use or treat to use defamation suites and suites based on the alleged breach of confidentiality, a loss of a contract or the inexplicable failure to be given a contract in the instance of contract workers. In addition, the list of forms of occupational detriment to be suffered should be left open ended to allow recognition of further types of victimisation. The effectiveness of measures put in place within organisations to encourage employees to speak out against impropriety and misconduct will be difficult to determine as only when there has been non-adherence to the Protected Disclosures Act and the whistle blower has been detrimentally affected, will it come into force to protect bona fide whistleblowers.
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Mei, Chao-Ping, and 梅兆平. "Initiating Whistleblower Protection Law." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57061671644997104684.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄大學
法律學系碩士班
102
In recent years, public attention has been repeatedly drawn to the integrity of government functionaries and politicians unprecedentedly. Be it in Taiwan, China, or even Europe and America, many appalling large-scale scams involved with deficiencies in procurement, illegal political contributions, corruption, bribery, kickbacks, misappropriation of public funds, and seeking unlawful gains for others, have appeared in national media at the same time coincidentally. Meanwhile, food safety issues have overwhelmed Taiwan, from plasticizing agents, tainted starch, to the recent mixed rice, contaminated soy sauce, artificial flavoring in “all-natural” bread and edible oil scandals. People in Taiwan guard themselves against problematic food, and have difficulty identifying “safe” food. This series of malpractices were not exposed through the intervention of public authority, but rather, the power of a group of “citizens” willing to stand up for justice, who are, put in other words, the so-called “Deep Throats” or “whistleblowers.” They successfully safeguard the public interests. While these citizens are willing to work for the public good, the nation should step in and protect them in a timely manner; otherwise, they might be stuck in a vicious cycle, which the nation certainly does not wish to see. Different countries show variations in their measures on protecting whistleblowers in the legal sense. Generally, "Whistleblower Protection Act" is to mandate an unobstructed report system within the organizations and to ensure the rights of the person filing a report. Further, the informants should be protected in their positions and salaries, not to be demoted or dismissed from their jobs due to the disclosure of information. People who are taken retaliation on after a proper and honest report should be compensated, and what’s more, punishment should be given the avenger, to effectively fight against the illegal incidents within government and corporate sectors. Given that our country’s regulations concerning protection of whistleblowers’ rights are scattered in related laws (for example, Fair Trade Act and Labor Standards Act) and there has been lack of a complete and intact protection mechanism, this study attempts to analyze the examples of management experience and legislative practice in the United States and Japan, and to deliberate upon related domestic cases, on which basis internal ethical force will be strengthened, to further establish a prototype of “Whistleblower Protection Act,” so as to solve the present predicament.
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Lin, Yi-Ching, and 林宜慶. "Voice of Justice: "Whistleblower"." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49609259594735927380.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系
103
In recent years, the contaminated food constantly hit the confidence of the people of Taiwan, From melamine, plasticizers, maleic acid, to flavor, etc., each of which are hit hard at the "food kingdom," the image of Taiwan. Although the Government has repeatedly emphasized the good work of audit firms, but if the government continues to just take a passive process, using only the existing systems of control, inspection standards, dishonest businessman’s new technology will eventually win. Perhaps the Government should consider how to encourage employees, with the owners move to report the illegal, immoral, or unruly behavior, can really hit the contaminated food. Firstly, by literature review, this study to define the whistleblower's view; food security crisis cases followed by reflection of the importance of whistle; and finally, the use of semi-structured interviews, to understand Taiwan employees currently encountered in the workplace for the illegal, immoral, or unruly behavior will react, and to explore whether it would become a whistleblower. In this study, the interviews showed that, If you want someone to be a whistleblower, the first element must have a sound legal protection, protection of whistleblower later life, and whistleblower ‘s work can be safe and secure. At present, Taiwan still do not understand the whistleblower, even misunderstood as being "caught rake" in fact "caught rake" and "whistleblower" is a completely different behavior. "Caught rake" is negative, the person is like a snitch, but 'whistleblower' is for the public benefit and expose wrongdoing, we should no longer confuse with "caught rake" and "whistleblower", but should give "whistleblower" a rectification of names. "Whistleblower" is synonymous for a hero who willing to pay for the community.
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Yang, Shu-Ting, and 楊舒婷. "Construction of Whistleblower Protection System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8uh354.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
科際整合法律學研究所
106
Since the 1970s, the countries of the world began to pay attention to the whistleblower protection system. Facing endless social cases, scams and scandals, if someone is willing to step forward and blew the lid off them as soon as possible, it would be likely to avoid danger or reduce damage. However, because current regulations of whistleblower protection under Taiwan law are dispersed in different field, and there has been lack of complete and comprehensive system, most people don’t want whistleblowing which would put themselves in danger. In order to promote the establishment of “a friendly whistleblowing environment” in our country, this article attempts to clarify the basic connotation of whistleblowing by reviewing the literature. Secondly, this article will introduce material published by several European institutions in recent years. Meanwhile, taking the related cases of European Court of Human Rights to figure out their way to deal with whistleblowing and various considerations. Then, this article will take comparative research methods to analyze the whistleblower protection system, about covered subjects, protected activities, protection measures, etc., established in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Finally, after reviewing current regulations of whistleblower protection and the operation methods of judgement in Taiwan, this article will make some suggestions about construction of whistleblower protection system by referring to other contries’ legislation.
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Bartošová, Tereza. "Whistleblowing." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353332.
Full textAbstract:
in English The author's thesis deals with the topic of whistleblowing, which is currently very relevant, because two legislative proposals about the protection of whistleblowers have been submitted recently and also because of the adoption of Government Regulation No. 145/2015, which establishes treatment of notification for state employees. The thesis discusses and presents the views of many authors on the concept of whistleblowing, whistleblower, further it clarifies the division of internal and external whistleblowing and also divides the reporting of whistleblowing on public, confidential and anonymous. The work also presents the history of qui tam actions that are highly associated with the history of whistleblowing. The thesis presents selected aspects of foreign whistleblowing arrangements, namely in the United States of America, which has a long tradition of whistleblowing. The new law to protect whistleblowers, which is effective from 1st January 2015 in the Slovak Republic, is examined in the thesis as well. The author also points out the international obligations for the Czech Republic, which result from the membership in the international organizations and also from being in the European Union. The work provides an overview of the most important documents about whistleblowing in the...
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Lin, Yi Wen, and 林意玟. "Corporate Governance and Whistleblower Protection in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41103474512530488540.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
科技法律研究所
100
In the 20th century, many well-known corporations were found to have committed fraud. Managers or directors of these corporations have been found to have made false financial reports using shell companies, made bogus loans, embezzled corporate property, traded on inside information, manipulated financial markets, etc., which, ultimately, harm the rights and interests of investors and affect overall market stability. Two of the root causes of corporate fraud are a lack of moral grounding among the managers and directors in these corporations, and weak or ineffectual oversight and corporate governance measures. Corporate governance oversight refers to both internal and external supervision. External oversight includes the publication of corporate information, audit by a certified accountant, oversight by regulatory bodies, while internal oversight includes having independent directors, internal corporate controls, internal corporate auditing, and insider whistleblowers. Taiwan has focused considerable attention on how to enhance corporate governance and has made improvements in this area, both in terms of legislation and regulatory oversight. However, the role of the whistleblower has yet to receive the attention that it rightly deserves. White-collar corporate crime is inherently secretive and difficult to detect. Thus, whistleblowers are an important key to warning those outside of the company at an earlier stage about possible improprieties taking place inside the company. In large corporations, where illegal behavior may be taking place but where management may be unaware of the problem, if employee whistleblowers can be encouraged to inform internal auditing committees of their concerns, then problems can be more effectively addressed and corrected. The United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea, have all recognized that employee whistleblowers play an important role in promoting public safety, consumer rights, environmental protection, and other benefits to the lives, bodies, health, and property, of citizens. Unfortunately, because whistleblowing can often harm the interests of the company, employers will often retaliate against whistleblowing employees by cutting their salary, demoting them, or even dismissing them entirely. Even if a whistleblower has stepped forward and done the right thing, often times inter-staff relationships, particularly between the whistleblower and other staff members, can become chilled. This thesis aims to discuss the necessity of enacting new laws to protect whistleblowers by providing potential whistleblowers with the courage that they need to step forward and with the rights that they deserve once they do step forward. This thesis will first introduce relevant whistleblower protection legislation in the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom, and will then discuss the effects of these whistleblower protections in these countries. This thesis will also review past verdicts in Taiwan so as to gain an understanding of the legal status of employee whistleblowers in Taiwan, the level of importance given to protections for whistleblowers in Taiwan, and the mechanisms for whistleblower protection in Taiwan. This thesis will then review current whistleblower legislation in Taiwan and analyze its application in the protection of whistleblowers in Taiwan. This thesis will also examine the opinions of Taiwanese scholars regarding whistleblower protections. Finally this thesis will interview judges, lawyers, and in-house counsels, so as to gain an understanding of their viewpoints and opinions, and will attempt to provide some practical suggestions for possible mechanisms and legislation for whistleblower protections and corporate governance in Taiwan.
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Majdáková, Anežka. "Právní postavení whistleblowerů ve vztahu ke statusu uprchlíka." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405547.
Full textAbstract:
Legal status of whistleblowers in relation to the refugee status Abstract The aim of this thesis is to introduce the whistleblowing issue in context of international law, refugee law specifically. In recent years, there have been several globally significant cases of whistleblowers responsible for leaks of information of i.a. public entities and seeking protection against their own state of nationality in other countries. Despite the worldwide attention that these cases got, the problematics of whistleblowing is not sufficiently covered from the perspective of international law. Especially in Czech law literature, this topic is neglected in such context. The object of the thesis is therefore to provide an overview of the issue and to identify and analyze its controversial aspects. The work is structured from general introduction into the topic, thereafter defining crucial terms and institutes and categorizing them, towards detailed analysis of the status of whistleblowers and each of refugee definition parts in particular. The core of the work itself is constituted of application of these definition characteristics to miscellaneous whistleblower cases, with the purpose of answering the research question whether (and under what condition) could whistleblowers fulfill the refugee definition. In the thesis is...
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Chou, Yuan, and 周原. "Whistleblower or Tattletale: The Case for Ordinary Heroes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33715955881939623046.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
新聞研究所
99
It is truly amazing that nearly four decades after the events of the Watergate scandal, the misnomer for whistleblowers in the Taiwanese media is still the term “Deep Throat.” To the public, the whistleblower remains an elusive, unknowable figure, part conspiracy theory myth, part stereotypical tattletale. The Chinese culture places great emphasis on loyalty. The concept of a positive character who informs on his fellows can be difficult to swallow. And yet, the Taiwanese society is not without its share of positive instances of whistleblowing. In the past five years alone, there have been four famous whistleblowers, concerned in three separate cases, involving natural gas provider Shin Hai Gas Corporation, air travel giant China Airlines, and cable news channel Era News, respectively. The stories of these whistleblowers raise an important question: what can Taiwan do for its courageous citizens who go against their own employers for the greater good? This report focuses on the past, present, and future of Taiwanese whistleblowers. By conducting field research, we attempt to present the exact sequence of events that propelled these four whistleblowers into the public spotlight. At the same time, we analyze the legal protection afforded whistleblowers in more advanced countries, such as Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, as well as the concepts of corporate governance and legal compliance, in our search for a solution to the whistleblower dilemma. While a clear-cut solution may ultimately elude us, this report hopes to spark a series of interdisciplinary discussions on the matter of whistleblowers, and to find a proper place in the public narrative for these ordinary heroes. For too long, whistleblowers have been besmirched as opportunistic tattletales. Redressing that wrong will go a long way in helping society become more appreciative and protective of them.
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Silva, Diogo Miguel Duarte. "A proteção do whistleblower na relação jurídico-laboral." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/31884.
Full textAbstract:
No presente estudo almeja-se a abordagem de um tema que tem tido um aceso debate, proporcionado em certa medida pelo surgimento de escândalos de corrupção no debate público: o whistleblowing.
Propõe-se ora uma discussão no quadrante laboral de um tópico que levanta várias celeumas na transversalidade da relação laboral, ainda que este não se restrinja ao ramo do Direito a que nos cingimos.
Sendo esta uma figura que não se limita ao ordenamento jurídico português, partir-se-á de uma análise da mesma à luz de ordenamentos jurídicos estrangeiros, com o objetivo de se obter uma visão global sobre o tema e, com isso, poder tratar de uma forma enriquecida o mesmo perante as coordenadas do ordenamento jurídico português, primeiramente analisando alguns ordenamentos jurídicos da família jurídica da Common
Law e posteriormente alguns ordenamentos jurídicos da família jurídica romanogermânica. Entre nós, a admissibilidade de denúncias realizadas pelo trabalhador sobre a sua entidade empregadora constitui um quesito quanto a alguns alicerces da relação laboral: por um lado, o trabalhador deve respeitar o dever de lealdade e de sigilo, mas, por outro, não deve ser olvidado o respeito pela liberdade de expressão do trabalhador. É no ténue balanço entre o dever de lealdade e a liberdade de expressão que o tema tem primordialmente sido subsumido, razão pela qual importará iniciar-se a análise do tema nas diretrizes atuais do ordenamento jurídico português.
Não obstante, podem ser cogitadas outras controvérsias, o que se apresentará num capítulo alusivo à problematização subsequente do tema já numa perspetiva de jure condendo. Assim, apresentar-se-ão proposições a celeumas formais, materiais e teleológicas que o tema erige.
Será também analisada a vertente etimológica do tema, realizando-se uma discussão relativamente à adequação de termos da língua portuguesa para a definição do nosso tema.
Por término, será debatida a necessidade de legislação no nosso ordenamento jurídico relativamente ao whistleblowing, considerando-se os níveis de proteção e os sujeitos a serem abrangidos por essa proteção, bem como a eventual possibilidade de estabelecimento de estatutos jurídicos a nível europeu e/ou internacional, tendo em particular conta as particularidades dos ordenamentos jurídicos analisados.In the present study, we aim to approach a topic that has had a heated debate, to some extent provided by the emergence of corruption scandals in public debate: the whistleblowing. It is proposed now a discussion in the labor quadrant of a topic that raises several queries across the employment relation, although it not restricted to the branch that we are restricting the analysis to. Since this is a figure that is not limited to the Portuguese legal system, we will depart from its review in the light of foreign legal systems, in order to obtain an overview on the subject and, with that, to be able to treat the theme in an enriched way before the coordinates of the Portuguese legal system, first analyzing some legal systems of the Commom Law legal family and later some jurisdictions of the romano-germanic legal family. The admissibility of complaints made by the employee over his employer raises questions regarding some of the points of the employment relationship: on one hand, the employee shall maintain the duty of loyalty and secrecy, but, on the other hand, the respect for the freedom of expression of the worker should not be forgotten. It is in the tenuous balance between these two concepts that the subject has been primarily subsumed, being important to begin with the analysis of the topic in the current guidelines of the Portuguese legal system. Nevertheless, other controversies can be considered, which will be presented in a chapter referring to the subsequent problematization of the subject, in a de jure condendo perspective. Thus, propositions will be presented to the formal, material, and teleological concerns that the theme raises. The etymological aspect of the topic will also be analyzed, with a discussion on the adequacy of terms of the Portuguese language for the definition of our theme, Finally, we will debate whether there is an eventual necessity for legislation in our legal system in regards to whistleblowing, taking into consideration the levels of protection and the subjects to be covered by this protection, as well as the possibility of establishing legal statutes to European and/or International level, taking into special account the particularities of the jurisdictions examined.
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Lin, Yung-Chen, and 林詠晨. "Rebuilding insider trading prevention system by whistleblower law." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03989002762389482056.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
產業經濟研究所
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The deterrence and investigation of insider trading are believed ineffective by society for a long time in Taiwan. Though Securities and Exchange Act has forbade and criminalized insider trading since 1988, and the sentence of insider trading has increased yearly. But insider trading in Taiwan emerges in endlessly still. Comparing with the United States and Japan, the number of cases filed and the rate of guilty are way lower than these countries, but the criminal liability is not. Obviously the policy of severe punishment can not deter insider trading. As the researches before indicate the most effective way to deter white-coller crime is increasing the rate of being punishment. But there is a limitation with the public sector; we must find another effective way. This article believes the long ignored whistleblower is an effective way to breakthrough the predicament above, and the most effective way to strengthen the insider trading prohibition in Taiwan. This article discusses the whistleblower protection act in United States, Japan, and the Commonwealth; also analyze the current whistleblower protection law in Taiwan. The goal of this article is bring a new way to build a sound securities market in Taiwan.