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Journal articles on the topic 'White cane'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 June 2024

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1

KamatIi, Veer Chandra, and Abishek Raj. "Smart White Cane." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43617.

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Abstract: In this paper, I describe my own model of an ultrasonic blind walking stick with the use of Arduino that helps the visually impaired walk independently. According to the World Health Organization, 30 million people are completely blind, with 285 billion people suffering from vision impairment.[1] If u notice them, you can very well know about they can’t walk without the help of others. One has to ask for guidance to travel without hitting on an obstacle. A person can walk more confidently with this blind stick. This stick detects the object in front of the user and responds by vibrating or issuing a sound command to the user. As a result, the person can walk without stress. This device will be the best solution to overcome their either indoor or outdoor as its ranges can be adjusted from 2 feet to 8 feet distance using a switch. Keywords: Accuracy, Actuators, Handy, Ultrasonic sensor

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Vera, Pablo, Daniel Zenteno, and Joaquín Salas. "A smartphone-based virtual white cane." Pattern Analysis and Applications 17, no. 3 (April 2, 2013): 623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10044-013-0328-8.

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3

Lambert, Donald H., and BobbieJean Sweitzer. "White Cane Approach to Teaching Spinal Anesthesia." A&A Practice 16, no. 8 (August 2022): e01592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/xaa.0000000000001592.

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4

ALSHAJAJEER, Maymounah, Maryam ALMOUSA, and Qasem AL-HAIJA. "Enhanced White Cane for Visually Impaired People." Journal of Applied Computer Science & Mathematics 12, no. 2 (2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4316/jacsm.201802001.

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5

Husin, Mohd Heikal, and Yang Kwang Lim. "InWalker: smart white cane for the blind." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 15, no. 6 (November 15, 2019): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2019.1615999.

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6

Khan, Izaz, Shah Khusro, and Irfan Ullah. "Technology-assisted white cane: evaluation and future directions." PeerJ 6 (December 10, 2018): e6058. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6058.

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Background Several technology-assisted aids are available to help blind and visually impaired people perform their daily activities. The current research uses the state-of-the-art technology to enhance the utility of traditional navigational aids to produce solutions that are more reliable. In this regard, a white cane is no exception, which is supplemented with the existing technologies to design Electronic Travel Aids (ETAs), Electronic Orientation Aids (EOAs), and Position Locator Devices (PLDs). Although several review articles uncover the strengths and limitations of research contributions that extend traditional navigational aids, we find no review article that covers research contributions on a technology-assisted white cane. The authors attempt to fill this literature gap by reviewing the most relevant research articles published during 2010–2017 with the common objective of enhancing the utility of white cane with the existing technology. Methods The authors have collected the relevant literature published during 2010–17 by searching and browsing all the major digital libraries and publishers’ websites. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to select the research articles that are relevant to the topic of this review article, and all other irrelevant papers were excluded. Among the 577 (534 through database searching and 43 through other sources) initially screened papers, the authors collected 228 full-text articles, which after applying exclusion/inclusion criteria resulted in 36 papers that were included in the evaluation, comparison, and discussion. This also includes research articles of commercially available aids published before the specified range. Results The findings show that the research trend is shifting towards developing a technology-assisted white cane solution that is applicable in both indoor and outdoor environments to aid blind users in navigation. In this regard, exploiting smartphones to develop low-cost and user-friendly navigation solution is among the best research opportunities to explore. In addition, the authors contribute a theoretical evaluation framework to compare and evaluate the state-of-the-art solutions, identify research trends and future directions. Discussion Researchers have been in the quest to find out ways of enhancing the utility of white cane using existing technology. However, for a more reliable enhancement, the design should have user-centric characteristics. It should be portable, reliable, trust-worthy, lightweight, less costly, less power hungry, and require minimal training with special emphasis on its ergonomics and social acceptance. Smartphones, which are the ubiquitous and general-purpose portable devices, should be considered to exploit its capabilities in making technology-assisted white cane smarter and reliable.

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Jeon, Dong-Hee, Jun-Uk Jeon, Hwa-Hyeon Beak, and Mi-Kyeong Moon. "Situation-awareness White Cane Using a Mobile Device." Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information 19, no. 11 (November 29, 2014): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2014.19.11.167.

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Messaoudi, Mohamed Dhiaeddine, Bob-Antoine J. Menelas, and Hamid Mcheick. "Autonomous Smart White Cane Navigation System for Indoor Usage." Technologies 8, no. 3 (June 29, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies8030037.

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According to the statistics provided by the World Health Organization, the number of people suffering from visual impairment is approximately 1.3 billion. The number of blind and visually impaired people is expected to increase over the coming years, and it is estimated to triple by the end of 2050 which is quite alarming. Keeping the needs and problems faced by the visually impaired people in mind, we have come up with a technological solution that is a “Smart Cane device” that can help people having sight impairment to navigate with ease and to avoid the risk factors surrounding them. Currently, the three main options available for blind people are using a white cane, technological tools and guide dogs. The solution that has been proposed in this article is using various technological tools to come up with a smart solution to the problem to facilitate the users’ life. The designed system mainly aims to facilitate indoor navigation using cloud computing and Internet of things (IoT) wireless scanners. The goal of developing the Smart Cane can be achieved by integrating various hardware and software systems. The proposed solution of a Smart Cane device aims to provide smooth displacement for the visually impaired people from one place to another and to provide them with a tool that can help them to communicate with their surrounding environment.

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Bitibalyo, Marlina, and Yohanis Amos Mustamu. "Kadar kemanisan tebu (saccharum officinarum L.) di kampung Wariori Indah distrik Masni kabupaten Manokwari." Agrotek 9, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/agrotek.v9i1.192.

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This study aimed to determine the level of sweetness of sugarcane growing in the village of Wariori Indah. This research was conducted in Wariori Indah village, Masni district, Manokwari regency in August 2020. The method used in this study was a descriptive method with field observation techniques. There were 5 types of sugarcane grown by the people of Wariori Indah Village, namely Red Sugar Cane (Meresa Ekeni), Yellow Green Sugar Cane (Meresa Ofrha), Yellow Sugar Cane (Meresa Oruk), White Striped Red Cane (Meresa Epsi), and Green Stripes Red Cane (Meresa Ofrha). The results of the study found that there were differences in the level of sweetness in the sugarcane plants observed. Yellow green sugarcane has a high level of sweetness (15.2), followed by yellow sugar cane (14.0), and red sugar cane (13.3), while white stripes red cane and green stripes red cane stripes having the same level of sweetness, namely 12.3.

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Yuwono, Imam, Mirnawati Mirnawati, Mohd Hanafi Mohd Yasin, Yuyus Suherman, Sapto Wibowo, and Zainudin Hassan. "Web based Smart White Canes for Blind or Visually Impaired People on Wetland Areas." Webology 18, SI05 (October 30, 2021): 540–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si05/web18245.

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The presence of a white cane considerably aids blind and/or visually impaired people in Orientation and Mobility (OM). Their white cane was insufficient to meet all of their demands, such as marking puddles or marsh areas that would be traversed. As a result, the goal of this study is to construct white canes to aid blind and/or visually impaired people's orientation and mobility in wetland environments. This study used Research and Development model with a 4D design, which included processes such as defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The participants were blind and/or visually impaired people living on wetland areas in South Kalimantan. Interviews, action tests, questionnaires and observations were used to collect data. To test the effectiveness and practicality of developing white canes, they were analyzed using descriptive statistics. This research resulted in a produced stick with an auditory capability that could detect impediments such as potholes, puddles, and fires while moving around and determine the location point using the Global Positioning System. The study findings revealed that the smart white cane created has an effectiveness of 82 percent when used with very effective criteria; however, the practicality is around 70% in practical criteria. In conclusion, the development of white canes can help blind and/or visually impaired people in mobility on wetland areas especially web based design.

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Skovfoged, Milo M., Alexander S. Rasmussen, David Kirsh, and Hendrik Knoche. "The Cost of Knowing: How Obstacle Alerts Reduce Walking Speeds of Augmented White Cane Users." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, MHCI (September 19, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3546727.

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To ensure safe passage blind travellers utilize mobility aids such as the white cane to preview the space their body will move through. Augmented white canes (AWC) have increased this preview range to reduce collisions, but consequently incurred lower walking speeds. The literature has blamed the slowdown on the AWC provided alerts that are additional to white cane feedback, unnecessary, too complex, and the anticipatory slowdown of their users. Two within-subject studies with six visually impaired and ten blindfolded people compared the white cane to two different AWC preview types (See Figure 1) combined with two ranges to investigate the causes of the slowdowns. The cognitive cost from processing AWC additional and unnecessary alerts and their complexity slowed users down and should be kept to a minimum as they neither helped reduce collisions nor physically detecting obstacles with the cane.

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Dernayka, Aya, Michel-Ange Amorim, Roger Leroux, Lucas Bogaert, and René Farcy. "Tom Pouce III, an Electronic White Cane for Blind People: Ability to Detect Obstacles and Mobility Performances." Sensors 21, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 6854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21206854.

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We present a protocol for evaluating the efficiency of an electronic white cane for improving the mobility of blind people. The electronic cane used during the test is the Tom Pouce III, made of LIDAR sensors (light detection and ranging) with tactile feedback. The protocol comprises two parts. The first part, the “detection test”, evaluates the efficiency of the sensors in the Tom Pouce III for detecting the obstacles found in everyday life (thin and large poles, apertures) under different environmental conditions (darkness, sun light, rain). The second part of the test, the “mobility test”, compares the ability of blind participants to cross a 25 m path by avoiding obstacles with the simple white cane and the electronic cane. The 12 blind participants had between 2 and 20 years of experience of everyday usage of Tom Pouce devices. The results show a significant improvement in the capacity to avoid obstacles with the electronic cane relative to the simple white cane, and there was no speed difference. There was no correlation between the results and the years of experience of the users.

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Uemura, Wataru, and Takato Hayama. "Development of a White-Cane-Extension to Detect Automatic Doors." International Journal of Ad hoc, Sensor & Ubiquitous Computing 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijasuc.2021.12101.

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The majority visually impaired persons are using a white cane to move within their environment. They avoid to collision the obstacles by detecting objects when swinging white cane touches them. An automatic door is opened when it detects the person comes to it by the sensor, for example, infrared sensor. This kind of automatic doors are very useful because we need not touch the doors in order to open them. However, for majority visually impaired persons, it is difficult to detected automatic doors because they detect the object by touching. In this paper, we propose the detection method which tells the existence of automatic doors to the visually impaired person. The device is consisted of an infrared sensor and a vibration motor. The infrared sensor is put on the tip of the white cane and the vibration motor is put on close to the hand. And when it detects the infrared signal, the vibration motor runs. Then the visually impaired persons can through the automatic door in safety without any cares

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Faiz Bin Abdul Ghani. "Smart Cane based on IoT." International Journal of Education, Science, Technology, and Engineering 2, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijeste-0201.15.

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Generally, blind people use a traditional cane (known as white cane) for moving from one place to another. Although, white cane is the international symbol of blindness, it could not help them to detect place and to avoid obstacles. In this paper, we represent a model of walking stick for blind people. It consists of GPS module, GPS Antenna, Arduino, ultrasonic sensor and buzzer. This stick can detect place and obstacles. Position detection part is done with GPS module and GPS antenna. Ultrasonic sensor is used for detecting obstacles. Here, the buzzer produces two types of sound. When the blind reaches to his destination, buzzer buzzes continuously. When the blind faces any obstacles, buzzer buzzes with interruption. By discovering these two types of sound, blind can be confirmed about his destination and also can avoid obstacles in front of him. The whole system is designed to be small, light and is used in conjunction with the white cane so that it could ensure safety of the blind.

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Batterman, Jared M., Vincent F. Martin, Derek Yeung, and Bruce N. Walker. "Connected cane: Tactile button input for controlling gestures of iOS voiceover embedded in a white cane." Assistive Technology 30, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2016.1265024.

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Bourquin, Eugene A., Robert Wall Emerson, Dona Sauerburger, and Janet Barlow. "The Effect of the Color of a Long Cane Used by Individuals who Are Visually Impaired on the Yielding Behavior of Drivers." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 111, no. 5 (September 2017): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x1711100502.

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Introduction A new market trend offers long canes for individuals with visual impairments in a variety of colors; however, the impact of these colors is unknown to orientation and mobility (O&M) specialists and individuals who are blind or who have low vision. The authors examined the impact of cane color on drivers’ yielding behaviors; also, cane display effectiveness was assessed. Methods At traffic signal–controlled intersections, drivers’ yielding responses (yield–no yield and seconds to crosswalk) were recorded by two raters when a pedestrian presented one of two conditions (display and flagging) with four differently colored long canes (white, black, yellow, and green). Results In trials where the pedestrian used a flagging cane technique, the white cane achieved 290% more yielding than the green cane, 100% more yielding than the yellow cane, and 40% more yielding than the black. Statistical differences were found between the white-with-red cane and the yellow and green canes. The measure of drivers’ latency for moving forward was not statistically different between trials in which a pedestrian displayed a white cane at the crosswalk and trials in which no pedestrians were present. Discussion Cane color appears to have a substantial effect on drivers’ yielding responses. The results also indicate only a slight driver response to a highly visible cane display, confirming the results of previous studies that recommended more potent pedestrian movements to mitigate the threat from turning vehicles. Implications for practitioners O&M specialists and cane travelers need to consider the options for cane color when using a cane to cross streets. A white cane, flagged at the onset of the walk signal, can achieve more desirable responses from drivers than can the long canes of other colors. More effective cane behaviors exhibited by pedestrians who are visually impaired should always be considered by O&M instructors in order to influence drivers.

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Lin, Rui Lin. "A Product Innovation Study of the White Cane Engineering Creativity." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 730–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.730.

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Walking is very important in our daily lives. However, for blind people, current facility and environment are not convenient for them to walk. And due to some current problems, white canes require more attention from the society and need to be improved. This study combined the engineering creativity theory with the creative thinking process. And interviews and records were referenced for the design improvement of white canes. Secondly, techniques from the creative design methodology were applied. After discussing and making some adjustments, this study proposed an auxiliary tool within white canes offering hints in different frequencies based on actual conditions and requirements when blind people cross a street with traffic signs, in hopes of assuring their safety when crossing a street.

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S, SETIYA NING RUM, KAWIJI KAWIJI, and SETYANINGRUM ARIVIANI. "Antioxidant capacity of temulawak drink (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) with white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 14, no. 2 (December 6, 2017): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f140201.

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Rum SSN, Kawiji, Setyaningrum A. 2016. Antioxidant capacity of temulawak drink (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) with white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar. Biofarmasi 14: 39-46. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity of temulawak extract in water solution; to determine the antioxidant capacity of white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar which commonly used in making temulawak drink; to determine the synergic effect of sugar addition to temulawak drink product; and also to determine the sensory quality (colour, taste, and flavour) of temulawak drink produced by parameters. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CAD) with two factors, concentration of temulawak extract (10, 20, and 30 gr/litre), and the kind of sugar added (white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar) with 50 g/litre concentration of addition, respectively. This research was studied the antioxidant activity (radical DPPH scavenging activity), total phenol, and sensory analysis (Multiple Comparison Test). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 (Î±=0,05). This study showed that the radical DPPH scavenging activity and total phenol were increase due to the increase of temulawak extract concentration. It might be due to water-soluble phenol compound like xanthorrizol extracted more largely. Radical DPPH scavenging activity and total phenol of sugars were significantly different which from the highest to the lowest palm sugar, arenga palm sugar (which usually used by people to make traditional health drink), red crystal sugar cane and white crystal sugarcane, respectively. Synergic effect of temulawak drink antioxidant capacity occured due to the sugar addition. The study also showed that sensory quality of produced temulawak drink with all treatments was not significantly different.

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A. Mousse, Mikaël. "Visually Impaired People Monitoring in a Smart Home using Electronic White Cane." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 14, no. 03 (June 30, 2022): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijcsit.2022.14308.

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The monitoring of visually impaired people is important in order to help them to travel safely. Then, many research works implement some travel aids. The proposed techniques are mostly based on the use of a white cane. This work introduces an electronic white cane based on sensors' technology. The proposed electronic cane helps its user to detect obstacles within two meters on the ground or in height. Once the obstacle is detected, the system sends vocal instructions via a Bluetooth headset to alert the person concerned. The ultrasonic and infrared sensors have been mounted on the white cane in order to provide it with the necessary intelligence. A raspberry pi performs the processing of the data. The proposed system also suggests using a mobile application to track the visually impaired in real-time. This application has a function that allows you to trace the visual patient's route. This is important to detect the possible cause of damage to patients during their travels. We use Python as programming language for electronic devices. The mobile application is Android. Though, the WEB application is a REST API developed using Python and NodeJs. The system is implemented and tested. The result shows the efficacity of the proposed system.

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NUNOKAWA, Kiyohiko, Manabu CHIKAI, Shuichi INO, and Kouki DOI. "Judging the Weight of Target Items with a White Cane." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2017.29 (2017): 2E24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2017.29.2e24.

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KAWADA, Kazuo, Toru YAMAMOTO, Yasuhiro MADA, and Takuya TSUTSUI. "Development of an Intelligent White Cane for Visually Handicapped Persons." Proceedings of the JSME Symposium on Welfare Engineering 2002.2 (2002): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmewes.2002.2.241.

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Evans, Harry C., Susan M. Smith, Juma M. Katundu, and Juma T. Kapama. "A Cordyceps pathogen of sugar-cane white grubs in Tanzania." Mycologist 13, no. 1 (February 1999): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(99)80066-4.

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Breccia, J. D., F. Siñeriz, L. Bettucci, and M. Piaggio. "Degradation of sugar cane bagasse by several white-rot fungi." Acta Biotechnologica 17, no. 2 (1997): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370170208.

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Tobita, Kazuteru, Katsuyuki Sagayama, and Hironori Ogawa. "Examination of a Guidance Robot for Visually Impaired People." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 29, no. 4 (August 20, 2017): 720–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2017.p0720.

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We are developing the robot in order to guide visually impaired persons in large hospitals. This paper describes the structure of the robot and the results of a demonstration examination in Kanagawa Rehabilitation Hospital, Japan. The robot navigates to the destination while steering, depending on the force with which the user pushes on the robot. The success rate for reaching a destination with the robot was higher than with a white cane in the testing at Kanagawa Rehabilitation Hospital. We evaluated the traveling time and the participant questionnaire as an endpoint by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Though there is no advantage in traveling time between use of the white cane and the robot, according to the scores of the participants questionnaire, it was shown that traveling with the robot was better than traveling with the white cane for the participants.

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Agarwal, Pragati, Ankur Gupta, Shivank Garg, and Nirbheek Banga. "An Assistive Mobility Device for the Blind: White Guide." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 5, no. 2 (2017): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.521712.

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Presently, for making human life easier with innovative articles various approaches are being used. Blindness is a characteristic, not a disability or defect. Navigating in an unknown environment poses a great difficulty for the visually challenged people. They are dependent for any type of movement. To overcome this smart product is proposed that can be attached to white cane. White cane will help the user with obstacle detection, real time location tracking of the blind, support intimation in case of emergencies and some voice control features. It consists of various sensors to perceive the environment and give haptic feedbacks. The product connects with an Android application via Bluetooth. The main aim is to provide a reliable, safe, affordable and easy to use navigating tool to ease the lives of visually impaired people.

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Nunokawa, Kiyohiko, Manabu Chikai, Kouki Doi, and Shuichi Ino. "Basic Study of the Influence of the Manner of Grasping, Number of Contacts, and Auditory Information on Recognition of Hardness of Objects by Visually Impaired Persons Using White Canes." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 22, no. 1 (January 20, 2018): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2018.p0121.

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White canes are widely used as tools to assist visually impaired persons to walk. The white cane is used to acquire environmental information as a clue for walking. It is important to know what information can be acquired by using the cane, how accurate the acquired information is, and how we can improve the information and accuracy. Clarification of these questions would contribute to development of white canes that enable better acquisition of environmental information. It would also assist in the design of buildings with appropriate guidance for visually impaired persons on the basis of information acquired through the canes. In this study, in order to acquire basic knowledge about hardness recognition, experiments were performed using four conditions: 1) Tapping or pushing the object with the index finger tip and white cane tip, 2) use or non-use of the auditory sense to study its usefulness, 3) different ways of grasping the cane, and 4) different number of checks. Nine visually impaired persons who usually walked alone using white canes participated in the experiments. They estimated the hardness of a rubber sheet under various combinations of the operation conditions and hearing conditions. Results showed that the number of checks had little effect on the user’s estimation of the hardness of the sheet. For the recognition of the contact target hardness using the white cane, it was effective to simultaneously use information from different modalities, namely tactile and auditory information. We also observed that, when pushing the cane with the index fingers, the users could feel the objects as if they had directly touched them with the fingers.

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Bäckman, Maria. "Vita käppen – redskapet som hjälper och stjälper." Budkavlen 98 (September 29, 2020): 39–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37447/bk.98443.

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The White Cane – A tool that both helps and hinders Bodies, shame, normality and the agency of objects Maria Bäckman The article discusses the attempts of visually impaired individuals tosometimes pass as seeing. The background is the resistance that many blind or visually impaired people testify they feel, during their ongoingrehabilitation, about a white cane. Often, on these occasions they provid descriptions of dramatic narratives in which the user explains what it was like when they first realized that it was now really time to start using a cane (for example: When I fell in the water from the quay, or stepped out in front of a bus, etc.). However, many also relate the way a cane, even in more mundane contexts, makes the individual’s visual inability obvious to others and thereby makes the person particularly vulnerable. The tool that connects the visually impaired with the outside world is thus also a material expression which makes both the visual damage and the cane usersmore noticeable as less than a fully functional individual.By holding on to the materiality of the cane and its nature of being a physical object, our understanding can be increased of the ambivalent relationship that many visually impaired people develop with a white cane. On the basis of social materiality studies and the concept of ableism, taken from critical handicap research, the article shows how the use of a white cane takes place in a public space; a space where the user variously inhabits an “imaginary” full-sighted body and another, existing body, which on the contrary is characterized by its weakened vision. However, it is important to realize that the persistent rejection mechanism that many visually impaired people have for a cane is intimately linked to ableism and existing norms of bodily functions. A desire to repel an object that reduces one to something else, and consequently to a somewhat lower standing, is a perfectly reasonable reaction to a deeply rooted social conflict. For many people with visual impairment, the resistance to a white cane must therefore be understood as a refusal to embody a functional normative failure.

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Nunokawa, Kiyohiko. "Measurement of texture sensation using a white cane as indirect touch." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 82 (September 25, 2018): 3AM—052–3AM—052. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.82.0_3am-052.

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YOSHIOKA, Manabu. "An Analysis of the Functions Required for the White Cane Tips." Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 57, no. 4 (August 15, 2021): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.57.165.

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Gao, Yabiao, Rahul Chandrawanshi, Amy C. Nau, and Zion Tsz Ho Tse. "Wearable Virtual White Cane Network for navigating people with visual impairment." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 229, no. 9 (September 2015): 681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411915599017.

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Harada, T., Y. Kaneko, K. Magatani, and K. Yanasima. "Development of a White Cane Navigation System for the Visually Impaired." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2003 (2003): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2003.65_6.

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Ortega, G. M., E. O. Mart�nez, D. Betancourt, A. E. Gonz�lez, and M. A. Otero. "Bioconversion of sugar cane crop residues with white-rot fungiPleurotus sp." World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 8, no. 4 (July 1992): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01198754.

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Wojtczak, Maciej, Joanna Biernasiak, and Agnieszka Papiewska. "Evaluation of microbiological purity of raw and refined white cane sugar." Food Control 25, no. 1 (May 2012): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.10.031.

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Maidenbaum, Shachar, Shelly Levy-Tzedek, Daniel Robert Chebat, Rinat Namer-Furstenberg, and Amir Amedi. "The Effect of Extended Sensory Range via the EyeCane Sensory Substitution Device on the Characteristics of Visionless Virtual Navigation." Multisensory Research 27, no. 5-6 (2014): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002463.

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Mobility training programs for helping the blind navigate through unknown places with a White-Cane significantly improve their mobility. However, what is the effect of new assistive technologies, offering more information to the blind user, on the underlying premises of these programs such as navigation patterns?We developed the virtual-EyeCane, a minimalistic sensory substitution device translating single-point-distance into auditory cues identical to the EyeCane’s in the real world. We compared performance in virtual environments when using the virtual-EyeCane, a virtual-White-Cane, no device and visual navigation. We show that the characteristics of virtual-EyeCane navigation differ from navigation with a virtual-White-Cane or no device, and that virtual-EyeCane users complete more levels successfully, taking shorter paths and with less collisions than these groups, and we demonstrate the relative similarity of virtual-EyeCane and visual navigation patterns. This suggests that additional distance information indeed changes navigation patterns from virtual-White-Cane use, and brings them closer to visual navigation.

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Hasegawa, Rinta, and Junko Ichino. "Inaccessibility maps to support sighted people using visually impaired people’s white cane data." Technology and Disability 35, no. 4 (December 27, 2023): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/tad-230014.

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BACKGROUND: Visually impaired people have been considered only as “receivers” of support; however, few studies have considered them as “givers” of support to sighted people. OBJECTIVE: To support the walking of sighted people using information available specifically to the visually impaired. METHODS: Utilizing white cane usage data of visually impaired people to create inaccessibility maps for sighted people. RESULTS: A user study conducted with elderly people and their stakeholders, who had high accessibility needs found that the maps were generally useful as long as they were within the user’s area of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Although the proposed method should be practically beneficial to users, the information detected by the system should be expanded from white cane use data, its accuracy, and more data collected from visually impaired people.

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Alam, Umme Kawsar, Fazle Rabby, and M. T. Islam. "Development of a Technical Device Named GPS Based Walking Stick for the Blind." Rajshahi University Journal of Science and Engineering 43 (December 31, 2015): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujse.v43i0.26153.

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Generally, blind people use a traditional cane (known as white cane) for moving from one place to another. Although, white cane is the international symbol of blindness, it could not help them to detect place and to avoid obstacles. In this paper, we represent a model of walking stick for blind people. It consists of GPS module, GPS Antenna, Arduino, ultrasonic sensor and buzzer. This stick can detect place and obstacles. Position detection part is done with GPS module and GPS antenna. Ultrasonic sensor is used for detecting obstacles. Here, the buzzer produces two types of sound. When the blind reaches to his destination, buzzer buzzes continuously. When the blind faces any obstacles, buzzer buzzes with interruption. By discovering these two types of sound, blind can be confirmed about his destination and also can avoid obstacles in front of him. The whole system is designed to be small, light and is used in conjunction with the white cane so that it could ensure safety of the blind.

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Ahmed, Sheikh Ali, Reza Hosseinpourpia, Christian Brischke, and Stergios Adamopoulos. "Anatomical, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Durability Properties of Two Rattan Species of Different Diameter Classes." Forests 13, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13010132.

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Rattan cane is an important forest product with economic value. Its anatomical, physical, and biological properties vary with the cane height. This makes it difficult to select the appropriate cane diameter for harvesting. Understanding the material properties of rattan cane with different diameter sizes is important to enhance its utilization and performance for different end uses. Thus, the present study was performed on two rattan species, Calamus zollingeri and Calamus ornatus, at two different cane heights (bottom/mature and top/juvenile). Calamus zollingeri was studied at diameter classes of 20 mm and 30 mm, while Calamus ornatus was analyzed at a diameter class of 15 mm. The anatomical properties, basic density, volumetric swelling, dynamic moisture sorption, and biological durability of rattan samples were studied. The results showed that C. zollingeri with a 20 mm diameter exhibited the highest basic density, hydrophobicity, dimensional stability, and durability against mold and white-rot (Trametes versicolor) fungi. As confirmed by anatomical studies, this could be due to the higher vascular bundle frequency and longer thick-walled fibers that led to a denser structure than in the other categories. In addition, the lignin content might have a positive effect on the mass loss of different rattan canes caused by white-rot decay.

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Babatunde, Olaleye, Adebiyi Adekunle, Abdulsalaam Aminat, Nwosu Chika, Adeyanju Olayinka, Ambi Mamman, and Omolayo Clement. "Development of Blind Campus Navigation System with Obstacle Detection Device." American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology 9, no. 2 (April 28, 2024): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20240902.12.

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This study focuses on integrating Text-To-Speech software, Global Positioning System (GPS) and other technologies attached to existing white cane to create a robust navigation system that provides real-time feedback and assistance to Students with Visual Impairment (SVI) using Nigerian accent. It uses the design science research methodology for the development and validation of the GPS based mobility into object detection white cane for orientation and mobility of SVI. A speech-corpus database was created to serve as a dictionary for the Text-To-Speech and synthesized through machine learning and artificial intelligence to enable the object detection white cane to detect objects and identify common places at 30 meters in Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo campus, Oyo state, Nigeria. The developed object detection white cane was evaluated with 20 SVI selected for the study using the purposive sampling technique and data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. Two research questions were raised for the study. Data collected were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively, using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Atlas.ti. The results revealed that the mean response of the participants to all the items on the integration of Text-To-Speech software into object detection white cane is “1” an indication that Text-To-Speech software enhances the independent navigation of students with visual impairment. The study recommended that the components used were imported and expensive, hence the need for locally source components that can be used in producing the devices in large quantities and at reduced cost.

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Innala Ahlmark, Daniel, Maria Prellwitz, Jenny Röding, Lars Nyberg, and Kalevi Hyyppä. "An initial field trial of a haptic navigation system for persons with a visual impairment." Journal of Assistive Technologies 9, no. 4 (December 21, 2015): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jat-01-2015-0002.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe conceptions of feasibility of a haptic navigation system for persons with a visual impairment (VI). Design/methodology/approach – Six persons with a VI who were white cane users were tasked with traversing a predetermined route in a corridor environment using the haptic navigation system. To see whether white cane experience translated to using the system, the participants received no prior training. The procedures were video-recorded, and the participants were interviewed about their conceptions of using the system. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis, where inductively generated codes that emerged from the data were clustered together and formulated into categories. Findings – The participants quickly figured out how to use the system, and soon adopted their own usage technique. Despite this, locating objects was difficult. The interviews highlighted the desire to be able to feel at a distance, with several scenarios presented to illustrate current problems. The participants noted that their previous white cane experience helped, but that it nevertheless would take a lot of practice to master using this system. The potential for the device to increase security in unfamiliar environments was mentioned. Practical problems with the prototype were also discussed, notably the lack of auditory feedback. Originality/value – One novel aspect of this field trial is the way it was carried out. Prior training was intentionally not provided, which means that the findings reflect immediate user experiences. The findings confirm the value of being able to perceive things beyond the range of the white cane; at the same time, the participants expressed concerns about that ability. Another key feature is that the prototype should be seen as a navigation aid rather than an obstacle avoidance device, despite the interaction similarities with the white cane. As such, the intent is not to replace the white cane as a primary means of detecting obstacles.

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MAGATANI, Kazushige, Yuki KANEKO, Tetsuya HARADA, Yoshiaki HIRAHARA, and Kenji YANASHIMA. "A Navigation System Using a White Cane Which Detects Colored Guide Lines." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 41, no. 8 (2005): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.41.685.

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YANAGIHARA, Takao, Ken KUWAHATA, and Yoshiaki HARA. "TILE DESIGN FOR TACTILE GUIDING PATTERNS EASILY DETECTABLE USING A WHITE CANE." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 78, no. 683 (2013): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.78.19.

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WATANABE, Iori, and Shinya KAJIKAWA. "White cane with presentation function of unevenness in road using passive wheel." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2018 (2018): 2A2—F05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2018.2a2-f05.

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Singh, Bhupendra, and Monit Kapoor. "Assistive cane for visually impaired persons for uneven surface detection with orientation restraint sensing." Sensor Review 40, no. 6 (November 13, 2020): 687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-04-2020-0097.

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Purpose The reduced ability of eyes to see clearly even with the use of glasses is known as the state of visual impairment. Among the many challenges faced, outdoor travel is one of them requiring to travel through surfaces, which has potholes and bumps. Design/methodology/approach The depth of the pothole and height of the bump is also conveyed to the user through different vibration pattern of various intensity. With available electronic travel aids, the visually impaired persons are still more inclined to rely on their white cane than carrying additional equipment for obstacle avoidance. In the system, all the components can be attached to the white cane, requiring no additional device to carry. Findings Upon experimentation with different obstacle types, the system obtained a 24.88% higher score in comparison to normal walking cane. A comparison with the state of the art available systems is also provided. Originality/value Moreover, the accuracy of the assistive cane can be heavily degraded if the cane is not properly held by the user. To restrict the user to hold the cane in only required orientation an alignment sensing switch is also proposed, which is missing in the current available literature.

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Mohd Yusof, Zulkhairi, Md Masum Billah, Kushsairy Kadir, Muhamad Amirul Sunni Bin Rohim Rohim, Haidawati Nasir, M. Izani, and A. Razak. "Design and Analysis of a Smart Blind Stick for Visual Impairment." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i3.pp848-856.

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For a long time, visually impaired person uses a white cane to guide their way when travel outside. The white cane has been useful for the blinds in improving their mobility but unfortunately the white cane has its limitation. One of the shortcomings of the white cane is that, it could only detect the obstacles that are within the contact ranges of the white cane. This problem sometimes could cause the blind person to be in trouble because of insufficient time to detect and warn new obstacles in front of the blind person. This research proposes a walking stick system that has two functions; to classify an obstacles height whether it is low or high and to detect a front hole. The ability to detect the height of an obstacle will help the visually impaired to either step over or avoid the obstacle. The ability to detect a hole should help the visually impaired to avoid it in time. The walking stick will use two ultrasonic sensors for the detection of obstacle height, and a laser sensor for the detection of hole. A controller will be used to monitor and analyze the data from the sensors and feedback to the user through a vibration sensor and buzzer. The algorithm to differentiate the height of obstacles is working well and it is able to differentiate high or low obstacles. The laser ranging sensor has successfully been tested for hole detection. Therefore, the walking stick with ultrasonic and laser sensors will help more visually impaired to move around much faster and feeling more safer due to improved warning system for their movement.

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HITOMI, Yu, and Suguru MORI. "SPATIAL PERCEPTION AND USE OF THE WHITE CANE BY VISUALLY HANDICAPPED PERSONS : Analyzing from the viewpoint how totally blind persons use their white cane to orient themselves when walking." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 72, no. 611 (2007): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.72.75_1.

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Triyono, Liliek, Rahmat Gernowo, Prayitno, Saifur Rohman Cholil, Idhawati Hestiningsih, Wiktasari, and Sirli Fahriah. "Advancing Accessibility: An Artificial Intelligence Framework for Obstacle Detection and Navigation Assistance for the Visually Impaired." E3S Web of Conferences 448 (2023): 02042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344802042.

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The white cane has long been a fundamental tool for individuals with visual impairments, aiding in surface detection and obstacle identification. However, its limitations in detecting moving objects and distant obstacles pose significant safety risks, particularly in congested areas and busy streets. While service animals offer an alternative, they come with training challenges and high costs. To address these limitations and enhance safety, this paper proposes a comprehensive collision detection and prevention system. The proposed system integrates cutting-edge technologies, including image processing, deep learning, Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and audio production devices. By combining these technologies with the white cane, the system offers a sophisticated navigation option for the visually impaired, effectively detecting and preventing potential collisions. In busy environtment scenarios, the system proves its effectiveness by complementing the white cane's use, overcoming its inherent limitations, and significantly improving navigation capabilities. Through this innovative approach, blind individuals gain enhanced situational awareness, empowering them to navigate diverse environments with increased confidence and safety. By mitigating the drawbacks of the white cane, the proposed system provides a comprehensive and cost-effective solution to enhance the mobility and safety of the visually impaired. This research contributes to the advancement of assistive technologies, offering a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in the field of accessibility and inclusive design.

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NUNOKAWA, Kiyohiko. "The fundamental research on indirect touch of the texture through the white cane." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 74 (September 20, 2010): 2EV131. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.74.0_2ev131.

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HANAWA, Akinari, and Takashi KANAMARU. "J027022 Construction of an Electronic White Cane System for the Blind with Smartphone." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _J027022–1—_J027022–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._j027022-1.

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YANAGIHARA, Takao, Yoshiaki HARA, and Ken KUWAHATA. "THE STUDY ON DETECTION OF DOT TILE AT CROSSROAD GUIDANCE BY WHITE CANE." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 76, no. 661 (2011): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.76.551.

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Pisa, Stefano, Erika Pittella, and Emanuele Piuzzi. "Serial Patch Array Antenna for an FMCW Radar Housed in a White Cane." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9458609.

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The design, realization, and test of the transmitting and receiving antennas for an FMCW radar operating between 24 and 24.25 GHz (ISM band), to be housed in a white cane for improving mobility of visually impaired subjects, have been performed. The coaxial-to-microstrip transition necessary for feeding the antennas has been studied together with the characteristics of serial arrays of increasing number of patches. Based on this study, a serial array with 8 patches has been selected for the transmitting and receiving antennas. The realized structures show a reflection coefficient lower than −10 dB in the ISM band. When the antennas are attached to an FMCW radar board, the radar is able to record reflections from a metallic panel up to a 5 m distance.

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