Academic literature on the topic 'White paper on local government'
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Journal articles on the topic "White paper on local government"
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Wall, Kevin. "The 1998 “‘mini-Constitution’ for local government”: A review of the assumptions of the White Paper on Local Government." Acta Structilia 29, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 260–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/24150487/as29i2.9.
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Many South African municipalities suffer service-delivery problems that can usually be ascribed to inadequate management, skills, and budgets. The reasons for these, in turn, invariably include weak economic base, unwise spending of available funds, and difficulty in recruiting and retaining skilled staff. The White Paper on Local Government of 1998, to which Valli Moosa, the then Minister for Provincial Affairs and Constitutional Development, referred as “almost [being] regarded as a ‘mini-Constitution’ for local government”, together with the Municipal Demarcation Act of the same year, spelled out the framework in terms of which the local government system would be transformed. Municipalities, covering the entire country “wall-to-wall”, were thereafter established and powers and functions were assigned to them. After more than two decades, there can no longer be any doubt that many municipalities are, to a significant extent, failing in their primary duty of delivering services. The author sought to investigate to what extent this failing is due to flaws in the ‘mini-Constitution’. By examining aspects of the performance of municipalities, the article assesses key assumptions made by the drafters of the White Paper in respect of a number of key attributes for service delivery. These attributes include sufficient skills and funding, prudent budgeting and effective spending, good leadership, adequate systems and data, stability of the senior leadership, and the presence of trust and credibility. The article finds that many of the assumptions were flawed, with severe consequences for service delivery.
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Ngumbela, Xolisile. "A more than 21-year odyssey of developmental local government in South Africa." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 12, no. 7 (October 28, 2023): 358–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i7.2864.
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This paper is an assessment of 21 years of developmental local government as advocated through the 1998 White Paper on local government. In the 21st century, local governments have developed into hubs for developmental objectives. This suggests that they are now expected to go beyond the fundamentals of providing services. For instance, the agenda of local governments has automatically adopted South Africa's idea of a developmental state that primarily prioritises economic development and the need to consider the most suitable intervention scales. With the implementation of the National Development Plan (NDP) in 2012, South African authorities formalised their intention to pursue a developing state. The authorities' conviction that the developmental state approach is a factor for development is evident from reading the NDP. Because of the vertical connections between regional, sub-regional and local processes of change, strategies must be well-suited to one another, different interventions may be most effective at various spatial scales, and strategy and implementation may also be most effective at particular scales. This study used a multi-site case study as the sole type of research methodology. The study took an exploratory approach, because it constituted contextual research, allowing the researcher to investigate and record research phenomena in line with diverse participant interpretations. The study discovered that despite the ideals outlined in the 1998 White Paper, National Development Plan, and District Development Model, emphasising the influence of the local sphere as closer to citizens, and thus more responsible for their welfare and development, factors such as public participation, a lack of skills, and sub-par infrastructure delivery have negatively impacted developmental local government outcomes. In the end, local government is unable to fulfill its responsibility for development. The paper contends that local government's performance, assessed against its constitutional purposes, hinders the realisation of a progressive state in South Africa against a backdrop of local government incapacity.
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Davies, Jonathan S. "Double-Devolution or Double-Dealing? The Local Government White Paper and the Lyons Review." Local Government Studies 34, no. 1 (February 2008): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003930701770397.
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Leach, Steve, and David Wilson. "Diluting the Role of Party Groups? Implications of the 2006 Local Government White Paper." Local Government Studies 34, no. 3 (June 2008): 303–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003930802044502.
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Salako, Anuoluwapo, Adeola Adebajo, Abiodun Oyekanmi, and Toyin Omojowo. "The Role of Local Government in Community Transformation: A study of Abeokuta South Local Government Area." African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 1238–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v17i1.59.
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Although the rationale behind the establishment of local governments globally is developmental in nature, it is sardonic and appalling to note that development is far from these local areas, especially in developing nations with Nigeria inclusive. In Nigeria, provisions ofbasic needs like local roads, drainages, healthcare and education in these local areas are questionable despite the number of local governments created nationwide;it is on this basis this paper is undertaken to assess the role of local government in community transformation, with a specific focus on Abeokuta South Local Government. The paper adopted a descriptive research method and data was gotten through the use of questionnaire and interview from residents and local government staff of Abeokuta South Area L.G.A. The paper adopted simple percentage with a mean score of 2.5 or higher as benchmark, while efficientservice-delivery was adopted as a theoretical framework.The paper discovered that Abeokuta South Local Government is equally created constitutionally and funded internally and externally, however, it was found underperforming, as most of the local developmental jobs are performed by the state government. This was due toseveral factors such as adoption of caretaker committee which led tolack of political autonomy, inadequate funding, lack of visionary local leaders, corruption etc. Therefore, the paper recommends that for Abeokuta South Local Government Area to be transformedthe Nigeria Constitution should be amended to give full autonomy both in administration and fund to local governments,a democratically elected government should replace the transitional or caretaker committee
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Grant, Bligh, Roberta Ryan, and Andrew Kelly. "The Australian Government’s “White Paper on Reform of the Federation” and the Future of Australian Local Government." International Journal of Public Administration 39, no. 10 (January 26, 2016): 707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2015.1004088.
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Yu, Yuanyuan, Zhiqiao Ma, Hao Hu, and Yitao Wang. "Local government policies and pharmaceutical clusters in China." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 5, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-02-2013-0004.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study how local government policy influences the structure of Chinese pharmaceutical clusters during their industrial catch-up. Design/methodology/approach – This paper applies a case study method by targeting pharmaceutical clusters in Tonghua, Taizhou, and Tianjin. Findings – The varied structures of pharmaceutical clusters in China demonstrate local governments' efforts to utilize local resources accordingly. While the local governments in China introduce different policies to firms with different ownership in the process of constructing different cluster composition, all the local governments emphasize motivating the development of small- and middle-sized enterprises for cluster dynamics. Practical implications – The local governments should try to reach a balance between short-term foundation and long-term competitiveness for industrial cluster development. Originality/value – This paper provides the detailed analysis of local governments' influences on the formation of pharmaceutical clusters in China and helps to enrich the knowledge about how local government promotes industrial clusters to realize industrial catch-up through sectoral innovation system.
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Brown, Trevor L. "Local Autonomy versus Central Control during Transition: Explaining Local Policy Outputs in Post-Soviet Ukraine." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 6 (December 2002): 889–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c25m.
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Many post-Soviet central governments have assigned numerous policy responsibilities to local governments, but have simultaneously constrained local autonomy in an effort to ensure that local governments pursue central objectives. In this paper, I examine the interplay between local autonomy and central control in one post-Soviet central government—Ukraine—by examining the case of small-enterprise privatization. Shortly after Ukraine's independence, the central government transferred ownership of state-run small enterprises to local governments, but required that local governments meet annual privatization targets set by a central agency. Some local governments have met the annual targets, while others have lagged behind. The results of an empirical analysis of local privatization levels indicate that central control mechanisms currently have limited influence over local decisionmaking. The results demonstrate that, instead, local elections have increased the influence of local groups whose interests do not always coincide with those of the central government. In response, the central government has instituted several changes to the intergovernmental finance system that are likely to increase central government authority and continue to move Ukraine towards a system in which local governments carry a heavy service-delivery load with limited autonomy.
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Graham, Nsiegbe, Davies Emmanuel Opuene, and Owhonda Ruwhuoma. "Public Sector Corruption and Local Government Administration in Rivers State Local Government Service Commission, 2009 – 2019." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH 8, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijssmr.v8.no2.2022.pg70.89.
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Corruption in the public sector has become the key factor eroding good governance and developmental aspirations of many countries of Africa in general and Nigeria in particular. This paper examined the effect of public sector corruption on local government administration in the Rivers State Local Government Service Commission (RSLGSC), between 2009 – 2019. The paper adopted the structural-functionalist theory as its analytical framework and relied on data generated via a four (4) Point Likert Scale Structured Questionnaire. 170 respondents representing the sample size of the paper was derived from a population of 295 staff of the RSLGSC using the Taro Yamane formula. The paper employed a survey research approach. Generated quantitative data was analyzed using tables and simple percentage and statistical method, while the proposition was tested using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 21.0 data output). The paper reveals that there is a nexus between public sector corruption and poor local government administration and that these have hampered greatly the performance of most local government in Rivers State. Also, the paper revealed that the prevalent executive and administrative rascality, looting of public funds and other corrupt practices that pervade the RSLGSC is responsible for irregular staff promotion and unmerited staff recruitment going in the commission. As such, the paper recommends amongst others that; the commission as a governmental structure should be proactive and exercise the needed political will that is required to formulate and implement internal administrative policies and procedures that will reduce fraud and illegal practices.
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Cho, Im Gon. "Fiscal decentralization in Korea." Asian Education and Development Studies 7, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-11-2017-0113.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to make policy recommendations for the current fiscal decentralization discussion by examining the operating mechanisms of local taxes, unconditional grants, and conditional grants within the fiscal relationships between the national government and local governments in Korea. Design/methodology/approach After examining the current fiscal relationships between the national government and the local governments, this paper analyzes trends of local taxes, unconditional grants from both national and high-level local governments, and conditional grants from both national and high-level (or provincial level) local governments between 2002 and 2015. Local governments are classified into high-level local governments, and three types of low-level local governments are: si, kun, and ku. Findings Since the structure of local government finances in Korea is very complicatedly intertwined, the present decentralization discussion regarding increasing the share of local tax revenues may not achieve its purpose of fiscal decentralization. The authorities in charge of revenue allocation should be first decentralized at high-level local governments; high-level local governments should then arrange unconditional and conditional grants from high-level local governments to low-level local governments while taking into consideration unconditional and conditional grants from the national government to low-level governments. Originality/value The dichotomy between the central government and local municipalities has been utilized in the existing discussion regarding fiscal decentralization in Korea, but this study highlights the important resource allocation roles of high-level local governments.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "White paper on local government"
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Government, South African. "RDP white paper: discussion document." Government Printer, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69419.
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My Government’s commitment to create a people-centred society of liberty binds us to the pursuit of the goals of freedom from want, freedom from hunger, freedom from deprivation, freedom from ignorance, freedom from suppression and freedom from fear. These freedoms are fundamental to the guarantee of human dignity. They will therefore constitute part of the centrepiece of what this Government will seek to achieve, the focal point on which our attention will be continuously focused. The things we have said constitute the true meaning, the justification and the purpose of the Reconstruction and Development Programme, without which it would lose all legitimacy.
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Loncharich, P. V. "New technology, industrial relations and white collar trade unions : the case of the National and Local Government Officers Association." Thesis, Aston University, 1989. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10916/.
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The decade since 1979 has seen the most rapid introduction of microelectronic technology in the workplace. In particular, the scope offered for the application of this new technology to the area of white collar work has meant that it is a sector where trade unions have been confronted with major challenges. However the application of this technology has also provided trade unions with opportunities for exerting influence to reshape traditional attitudes to both industrial relations and the nature of work. Recent academic research on the trade union response to the introduction of new technology at the workplace suggests that, despite the resources and apparent sophistication of modern trade unions, they have not in general been able to take advantage of the opportunities offered during this period of radical technological change,the argument being that this is due both to structural weaknesses and the inappropriateness of the system of collective bargaining where new technology issues are concerned. Despite the significance of the Public Sector in employment terms, research into the response of public sector white collar trade unions to technological change has been fairly limited. This thesis sets out the approach of the National and Local Government Officers Association (NALGO), the largest solely white collar union in the world with over three quarters of a million members employed in a wide range of public service industries. The thesis examines NALGO's response at national level and, through detailed case studies, at local level in respect of Local Government and Water Industry NALGO members. The response is then evaluated and conclusions drawn in terms of a framework based upon an assessment of the key factors relevant in judging the ability of NALGO to respond effectively to the challenges brought about by the technological revolution of the last ten years.
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Mabotja, Mpheta Samuel. "An evaluation of the integration of the 'white' town of Pietersburg and the 'black' township of Seshego after the local government elections of 1995." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52105.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The emergence of urban systems in South Africa was from the start shaped by racial bias. The black people of this country were refused any form of participation in town planning. To aggravate the situation, urban space was manipulated in a manner that each racial group had its own residential space. The manipulation of urban space gave rise to what is called "the Apartheid City." This "Apartheid city" is characterised by stark contrast in development between a well-serviced, first world town lying side by side with underserviced third world townships. The "Apartheid City" of Pietersburg-Seshego has been undergoing restructuring since 1990. The Local Government Transitional Act (LGTA) has served as an intervention whereby the two formerly unequal areas had to integrate and become one city. The central aim of this study is to evaluate, by using a series of indicators, the integration level that has been achieved since 1995, i.e. since the first local government elections. The study will focus on three key areas to reflect the level of integration, namely, land use patterns, ward demarcation, and integration of personnel. The main conclusion is that though one council has been formed where there were previously two, spatial inequalities and racially-based ward demarcations between the former Pietersburg town and the former Seshego township persist. On the other hand, personnel drawn from the administrations of former white Pietersburg and former Lebowa civil service has not been fully integrated. The former Pietersburg municipality personnel is still white male dominated in both senior and middle management levels while the former Lebowa personnel is black male dominated found in the lowest levels of the TLC structure.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontstaan van metropolitaanse sisteme in Suid Arfika was nog altyd gekenmerk deur rasse bevooroordeling. Die swart bevolking van Suid Afrika was nog altyd in die verlede uitgesluit van deelname aan stadsbeplanning. Om die situasie nog te vererger, was metropolitaanse areas op so 'n wyse gemanipuleer, dat groepe van verskillende rasse elk hul eie residensiële allokasie gehad het. Hierdie manipulasie van metropolitaanse areas het die ontstaan van die "apartheidstad" tot gevolg gehad. Hierdie "apartheidstad" word gekenmerk deur 'n skerp kontras in ontwikkeling tussen 'n goed voorsiene eerste wêreld deel aan die een kant en 'n swak voorsiene derde wêreld deel aan die ander kant. Die "apartheidstad" van Pietersburg - Seshego het sedert 1990 herstrukturering ondergaan, Die "Plaaslike Owerheidsoorgangs Wet" het gedien as 'n middelom twee histories ongelyke areas te integreer om een stad te vorm. Die doelwit van hierdie studie is om die vlak van integrasie sedert 1995 te evalueer deur gebruik te maak van sekere indikatore. Die studie fokus op drie aspekte wat die vlak van integrasie weerspieël naamlik grondgebruikspatrone, wykafbakening en personeel integrering. Die belangrikste gevolge is dat daar nou een plaaslike raad is waar daar voorheen twee was terwyl ruimtelike ongelykhede en ras gebaseerde wyksafbakening nog steeds plaasvind tussen Pietersburg en die vorige Seshego nedersetting. Die nuwe personeelstruktuur - wat bestaan hoofsaaklik uit voormalige wit lede van die Pietersburg raad en hoofsaaklik swart lede van die voormalige Lebowa staatsdiens - is nog nie ten volle geintegreerd nie. Die personeel van die Pietersburg Munisipaliteit is nog steeds oorwegend wit en manlik gedomineerd in beide die middel en senior bestuursposte en die Lebowa personeel is hoofsaaklik swart en manlik gedomineerd in die laer pos bekleding in die struktuur van die nuwe plaaslike regeringstruktuur.
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Le, Grange Lesley Lionel Leonard. "Secondary school science pupils' rankings of science and technology related global problems : a comparison of the responses of rural-Northern Sotho, urban-Xhosa and urban-English speaking pupils in South Africa to meeting basic needs in the context of the 1994 Government White Paper on Reconstruction and Development." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17454.
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Bibliography: pages 66-71.In 1984 Bybee used 262 science educators from 41 countries to develop an instrument for measuring their ranked priorities of science and technology related global problems. In 1995 the original Bybee scale was updated and clarified, and a new 15-item version, the Le Grange Global Priorities Instrument (LGPI) was piloted, refined and administered in fifteen schools to 946 secondary school pupils speaking three different home languages in two provinces in South Africa. The study is an enlargement of the work of Bybee and Mau (1986); Bybee and 'Najafi (1986); Ndodana, Rochford and Fraser (1994); and Le Grange, Rochford and Sass (1995), and is carried out in the context of the new key programme of Meeting Basic Needs presented in Section 1.4.1 of the Government White Paper on the Reconstruction and Development Programme for the New South Africa which states:- The basic needs of people extend from job creation, land and agrarian reform to housing, water and sanitation, energy supplies, transport, nutrition, health care, the environment, social welfare and security (Government Gazette No. 16085, 23 November 1994:9). The 946 pupils surveyed in this study in 1995 comprised 414 rural-Northern Sotho pupils (sample 1) from the Northern Province; 189 urban-Xhosa speaking pupils (sample 2) and 343 urban-English speaking pupils (sample 3) from the Western Cape.
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Cucu, Dan. "Romanian Special Forces : identifying appropriate missions and organizational structure /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FCucu.pdf.
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Apter, Lauren Elise 1974. "Disorderly decolonization : the White paper of 1939 and the end of British rule in Palestine." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/17732.
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Britain's presence in Palestine coincided with a promise to Zionists to support the establishment of a Jewish national home. For two decades, Britain continued to support Zionist aims in Palestine including immigration and colonization, even in the aftermath of the first phase of an Arab Revolt in 1936 that shook the foundations of British colonial rule and could not be suppressed without intervention from neighboring Arab states. With the Arab Revolt in full force again from 1937 to 1939, in the midst of preparations for war in Europe, British statesmen questioned and reinterpreted promises the British government had made to Zionists two decades earlier. The resulting new policy was published in the White Paper of May 1939. By using the White Paper as a lens it is possible to widen the scope of investigation to examine the end of British rule in Palestine in a broader context than that provided by the years after World War II, 1945 to 1948. The White Paper of 1939 introduced three measures: immigration quotas for Jews arriving in Palestine, restrictions on settlement and land sales to Jews, and constitutional measures that would lead to a single state under Arab majority rule, with provisions to protect the rights of the Jewish minority. The White Paper’s single state was indeed a binational state, where it would be recognized by law that two peoples, two nations, inhabited Palestine. But the provisions of the White Paper were self-contradictory. Constitutional measures and immigration restrictions advanced the idea of a binational state with a permanent Jewish minority, while land restrictions aimed to keep Jews where they had already settled, legislation more in keeping with the idea of partition. The debate between partition and a binational state continued throughout these years. This work examines the motivations for the White Paper, foremost among them to keep the world Jewish problem separate from Britain's Palestine problem and to assure stability throughout the Middle East. An investigation based on the White Paper introduces a number of important debates that took place between 1936 and 1948 and echo into the present.text
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Wu, Lin Ching, and 吳玲青. "Rebellion of the White Lotus in Szechwan, Shensi, Hupeh and Local Control of the Government During the Chia-ch'ing Period." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80198325892105321873.
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Adams, Elizabeth. "The quest for a tame white man : colonial policy and indigenous reaction in Madang." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146126.
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Tremaine, Marianne Gaye Nicol. "Her Worship the Mayor : women's leadership in New Zealand local government : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management, Massey University, Palmerston North, Aotearoa New Zealand." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1598.
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This study began with the premise that looking at leadership in a different setting might generate new understanding of how leadership works. Only four women mayors had held office in New Zealand before the 1980s but when their numbers grew over the next two decades, there were signs of a difference in their approach to leadership. Although the amount of scholarly work published on leadership is vast, the body of academic literature on local government leadership is slender. The possibility of finding new knowledge about leadership by studying women mayors made them an intriguing area to research. The research sought answers to two questions: how do women mayors perceive exemplary mayoral leadership and explain their own leadership practice; and how do women mayors' views of leadership compare with leadership theory? The information gathered to assist in answering the research questions included: interviews with three mayoral candidates in the 1998 elections, interviews with 18 of the 19 female mayors in office during the 1998-2001 term, and a case study of Jill White, mayor of Palmerston North from 1998-2001. The case study comprised a series of interviews with Jill White during the three year term, a selection of newspaper stories about the mayor and council gathered during 1998-2001 and interviews with four key informants about Jill White's leadership after she lost the election in 2001. The findings of the research were that the research participants saw leadership as a process that took place working with the community to achieve mutually desired leadership goals. Leadership was not generated by a single person's abilities, nor was it automatically linked to a position such as being mayor, although being mayor gave a lot of opportunities to participate in and encourage leadership. Four areas participants considered to be requirements of exemplary mayoral leadership were: being at the centre of webs of people rather than at the top of a hierarchy having less concern for ego than for working towards change being committed to making a difference in the community and/or the council being prepared to sacrifice their own interests for the good of the community Comparing participants' views of leadership with leadership theory showed that their descriptions and examples of leadership were closely related to transforming leadership (Burns, 1979), whereas transactional leadership in the sense of acting in your own self-interest or trading favours with others, met with strong disapproval. The heroic paradigm of leadership that has been prevalent in the literature, with its focus on the leader, was absent from the participants' accounts. Their achievements came from working with others and they saw the ability to involve others in the leadership process as the strength of their leadership. The implication of these findings is that the focus in much of the literature on individual attributes of people in leadership positions, as if they had to 'do' all the leadership themselves, is misplaced. Being concerned to make a difference with and through others is at the core of leadership.
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Tayler, Judith Anne. "With her shoulder to the wheel: the public life of Erika Theron (1907-1990)." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4943.
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This thesis is a biographical study of Erika Theron (1907-1990), an Afrikaner woman who played a significant role in many aspects of public life in South Africa in a critical time in the country‘s history. The study seeks to give recognition to her achievements, which have received scant attention in a historiography with a masculine bias. At the same time it examines her changing role from collaborator to critic of the apartheid system.
Certain defining features of Theron‘s life have been highlighted. First, Theron grew up in a staunchly Afrikaner nationalist, service-oriented family which encouraged loyalty to her own people and civic responsibility. Second, she was unusual among Afrikaner women of her generation, in that she was highly educated, independent and ready to assume leadership roles. She became a pioneer in a number of fields, attaining high professional rank and holding important public offices – frequently as the first woman to do so in the country.
The thesis focuses on five areas of Theron‘s public life. After returning from post-graduate studies abroad, she worked with Hendrik Verwoerd in the campaign to uplift poor whites, particularly the rehabilitation and re-integration of the Afrikaner poor. She thereafter commenced a long career as a social work academic, which included a number of milestones for her new discipline, for the profession of social work and for the advancement of women in academia. From the 1950s she served on the town council of Stellenbosch, including terms as deputy mayor and mayor. She played an important role in historic conservation but was also instrumental in the rigorous institution of apartheid structures in the town during the early days of National Party rule. In the early 1970s she served as chairman of the Commission of Enquiry into Coloured Affairs which influenced her personal views on the country‘s race policies. She became a public critic of many aspects of the apartheid system and vocal advocate for coloured rights.History
D. Litt. et Phil. (History)
Books on the topic "White paper on local government"
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South Africa. Ministry for Provincial Affairs and Constitutional Development., ed. The white paper on local government. Pretoria [South Africa]: Ministry for Provincial Affairs and Constitutional Development, 1998.
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Wood-Lewis, Michael. Climate change: Local government leadership using technology : a white paper. Washington, DC (1301 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20004): Public Technology, Inc., 1998.
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M, Mapetla E. R., Lesotho. Ministry of Local Government., National University of Lesotho. Institute of Southern African Studies., and National University of Lesotho. Dept. of Political and Administrative Studies., eds. Local government consultative process report on people's views on the white paper establishing local government in Lesotho. Roma, Lesotho: Institute of Southern African Studies and Political and Administrative Studies, National University of Lesotho for Ministry of Local Govt., Govt. of Lesotho, 1996.
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(Nigeria), Ebonyi State. Government white paper on the government white paper [sic] on the report of the Technical Committee on Taxes Not Rendered to Government by Local Government Councils in Ebonyi State. Abakaliki]: Ebonyi State of Nigeria, 2007.
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(Nigeria), Abia State. White paper on the operations of the local government councils in Abia State: 18th November, 1993-30th April, 1994. Umuahia: Govt. Printer, 1994.
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New South Wales (Australia). Department of Local Government., ed. White Paper: Local Government Act Review, Phase I : including a draft copy of the Local Government (Functions) Bill 1990 and associated legislation. New South Wales: NSW Department of Local Government, 1990.
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(Nigeria), Imo State. Government white paper on the report of the Judicial Commission of Inquiry into the Boundary Disputes Between Aba and Obioma-Ngwa Local Governments. Owerri [Nigeria]: Cabinet Office, 1987.
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Property, Abia State (Nigeria) Task Force on Recovery of Local and State Governments'. Government white paper on the report of the Task Force on Recovery of Local and State Governments' Property. Umuahia: Office of the Secretary to the State Govt., 1994.
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Kaduna State (Nigeria). Assets/Liabilities Sharing Committee for Ikara and Makarfi Local Government Areas. Government white paper on the report of Assets/Liabilities Sharing Committee for Ikara and Makarfi Local Government Areas. Kaduna: Printed by the Director, Printing Services, 1991.
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(Nigeria), Ebonyi State. Government white paper on the reconciliation of the white paper on the report of the Technical Committe on Taxes Not Rendered to Government by Local Government Councils in Ebonyi State. Abakaliki]: Ebonyi State of Nigeria, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "White paper on local government"
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Robson, W. A. "The White Paper on Areas and Status 1956." In Local Government in Crisis, 108–9. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273011-23.
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Robson, W. A. "The Coalition White Paper on Local Government 1945." In Local Government in Crisis, 78–81. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273011-15.
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Adhuri, Dedi S., Imam Syafi’i, Atika Zahra Rahmayanti, Intan Adhi Perdana Putri, and Mochammad Nadjib. "Coastal Forest Re-Grabbing: A Case from Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia." In Environment & Policy, 89–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15904-6_6.
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AbstractGrabbing in its various forms, such as land and maritime grabbing, has been a global concern. This is not only because it happened in many places but also the negative impacts on local people and the environment were often severe. Studies found that millions of local people were excluded from their access to resources they depended upon for decades or even generations. In some places, environmental impact occurred beyond the ability of the ecosystem to recover. This paper will also deal with the above issues. Nonetheless, while most studies focus on grabbing and their socio-environmental impacts, this paper will demonstrate the process of “re-grabbing.” This is how local community supported by NGOs and other agencies took back the control over the coastal mangrove forest taken and converted by a private company for palm oil plantation. This paper will explain the process and strategies employed by coastal communities in Langkat, North Sumatra, in resisting the palm oil plantation’s presence that has impacted their fishing and coastal livelihoods seriously. Interestingly, one of the strategies was “destroy and rehabilitate.” This is the destruction of coastal dikes and palm oil trees and the reestablishment of the mangrove forest. This strategy bears two results. The first is the recovery of the ecosystem, which supports the redevelopment of coastal livelihoods, the old and new. Second is the acknowledgment from the government on the fact that communities have rehabilitated the coastal mangrove well. This, in turn, has stimulated government to grand the communities the Hak Perhutanan Sosial (Social Forestry Right) to manage the designated forest. In conclusion, this paper will argue despite the fact that in most cases grabbing left the community and environment as the lost parties, with certain strategies the reality can be turned back for the favor of the communities and the environment.
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Andabaka, Ana. "Circular Construction Principles: From Theoretical Perspective to Practical Application in Public Procurement." In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment, 3–13. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_1.
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AbstractThis paper aims to highlight the role of government and other public authorities in promoting the implementation of circular economy principles in the built environment. Circular construction ecosystem is based on circular building design and the coordinated action of stakeholders along the value chain. Government and local authorities have a special role to play in the built environment as they manage infrastructure and act as regulators and enablers as well. Moreover, circular building design strategies should be encouraged through the government policy tools like public procurement allowing public authorities to formulate tenders that incorporate circular economy principles when purchasing goods, services, and works related to the built environment. The case studies presented show that public procurement can be a valuable tool for promoting circular use of materials and reducing waste, encouraging the construction of circularly designed zero-emission buildings, and stimulating market innovation that reduces the environmental impact of construction while providing benefits to society. Thus, public authorities can be a powerful force driving change and innovation in the construction industry towards more circularity in the built environment.
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Oliver, Ian. "Foundations for Policing (Cm 3249): The White Paper on Police Structures in Northern Ireland." In Police, Government and Accountability, 173–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25155-1_15.
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Lowndes, Vivien. "Between Rhetoric and Reality: Does the 2001 White Paper Reverse the Centralising Trend in Britain?" In Regulating Local Authorities, 135–47. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315039350-8.
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Brown, Marvin T. "White Compromises and American Prosperity." In Library of Public Policy and Public Administration, 81–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77363-2_6.
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AbstractThe development and protection of American Prosperity was contingent upon Northern and Southern white men making compromises that allowed the continuance of slavery. These white compromises in 1787, 1820, 1850, and 1877 not only protected white supremacy, but also unity of the settler’s economy. The Federal government invaded the Southern states not to abolish slavery, but to preserve the union. After the War, during Reconstruction, Blacks started schools, farmed the land, and were elected to local, state, and national offices. This period of Black empowerment was cut short when Northern and Southern states compromised again to allow the establishment of the Jim Crow regime, the terrorism of lynching, and the re-establishment of the Ku Klux Klan. This compromise was disrupted with the 1960s civil rights movements, which has left us today without the unity necessary to create a climate of justice.
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Mali, Siniša, and Lenka Maličká. "PROPERTY TAX REVENUES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA ACCORDING TO THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT." In STAV A PERSPEKTÍVY VEREJNÝCH FINANCIÍ V EÚ. Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika, Vydavateľstvo ŠafárikPress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33542/spf22-0145-2-15.
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This paper focuses on the share of property taxes in local revenues of Serbian local self-government units in the period 2011-2019, while local self-government units are classified into four groups according to the level of economic development measured by the regional GDP per capita. The results show, that the shares of property taxes on local revenues increased during the monitored period 2011-2019 and are higher in more developed areas of Serbia. We can also point to the unneglectable break in our time series, which is observed in 2013 when Serbian municipalities answered to changes in legislation with a dramatic increase in property taxes to load their budgets with missing resources.
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Bortolotti, Lucia. "The Role of Kazakhstani Society in the State Development." In Eurasiatica. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-453-0/013.
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The following paper focuses on the current role of nation identity development in Kazakhstan in shaping decisions and directions of the government in the state development discourse from a nation branding perspective. After focusing on macro concepts of brand and nation branding in Kazakhstan, an analysis of the structural changes experienced by the country in 2019 is conducted. The main goal of this research is to highlight how local people’s nation identity perception can affect government branding projects. While nation branding is becoming a permanent feature of the government discourse, enhancing only the international image, the discrepancy is becoming more visible and local population can be highly affected by this branding strategies.
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Schlosberg, Justin. "The BBC: A Radical Rethink." In A Future for Public Service Television. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9781906897710.003.0022.
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This chapter considers the proposed changes to the BBC's governance and a system of appointments that threaten to encroach on the BBC's editorial autonomy. What is particularly striking about this development is that it pushes in the general direction of growing state control of public service media. The BBC White Paper for Charter Renewal proposed a new ‘unitary board’ of which the majority and most senior members would be appointed by government. For the first time in its history, such an approach threatened to give a direct government appointee overall editorial responsibility for all of the BBC's output. What is equally striking about this move is that it flies in the face of what the government has long intimated was at the heart of its charter renewal agenda: to introduce a system of contestable funding to effectively break up the BBC and enable more local and commercial providers to take a slice of the licence fee.
Conference papers on the topic "White paper on local government"
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Caine, Ian. "75 Ways to Confront Rapid Urban Growth in an Unincorporated Community." In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting Paper Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.77.
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This case study analyzes a recent urban planning effort in the community of Comfort, Texas—which, like 90% of its neighbors in the Texas Hill Country—lacks a municipal government. The Texas Hill Country region is home to three of the ten fastest growing large counties in the United States, yet a widespread aversion to government fosters a lack of regulation that today threatens the local quality of air, water, and land. On November 3, 2015, 71% of Comfort residents voted against a proposition to incorporate their community. While the vote was clear in its rejection of municipal government, it did not suggest how a loose assortment of property owners, developers, non-profits, utility districts, and county officials might address the multiple and pressing challenges associated with rapid urban growth. Comfort Vision 2050 offers a plan tailored to the realities of life in an unincorporated community, establishing a novel approach to urban planning that is decentralized, non-governmental, incremental, actionable, coordinated, measurable, and transparent. The urban action plan specifically provides a list of 75 Strategic Initiatives that are small-scale, diverse, and possible to achieve without the benefit of municipal government. Collectively, the plan suggests a dispersed, distributed decision-making process that does not rely on a single organization or individual for success. This case study describes the efforts of a university-based community design center to develop a novel approach to urban planning in an unincorporated community. Ultimately, Comfort’s experience highlights the need to develop regional planning strategies that can address the needs of unincorporated communities, which after all need urban planning for all the same reasons that cities do: to prevent the fragmentation of local ecologies, maintain critical infrastructures, ensure access to housing, preserve physical and cultural his¬tory, attract and keep good jobs, expand critical services, facilitate civic discourse, and ensure timely decision-making.
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JAKIMOVSKI, Jorde. "CITIZENS PARTICIPATION IN ADDRESSING LOCAL PROBLEMS: A CASE STUDY OF REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.215.
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The paper discusses the level of satisfaction of the local government performance and certain forms of citizen’s participation in the improvement of the quality of life in the rural communities, such as creating new job positions, improvement of the infrastructure, creating better opportunities for the children, and decreasing of the poverty. Politicians often make big promises before elections while talking about democracy, rule of law and citizens well-being. After their election, however, they forget about the problems of their fellow citizens. Citizens then feel helpless, fall in apathy and hopelessness, and take a distance from politics and the vital questions for their rural community. The paper will show some data related to these issues gathered from a research conducted by the author in 2016 on a representative sample of 640 respondents on the territory of Republic of Macedonia. The research results show the current situation of the citizen’s satisfaction from the local government with respect to the solutions of water supply and sewerage, transport of citizens, opening of new jobs, building of social services facilities, opportunities for culture and recreational activities, and they ways in which the citizens influenced the local government. The results mostly reflect dissatisfaction with the work of the local government in addressing local problems, the underdeveloped mechanism of public participation, low level of human capital in rural local governments and other problems.
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Djoković, Ivana, and Sanela Horvat. "THE ROLE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN ROAD SAFETY IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA." In Conference Road Safety in Local Community. Road Safety in Local Community, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/rsaflc24.572dj.
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The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in improving road safety in the Republic of Serbia, with a specific focus on the local context, namely their role in the units of local self-government. Considering different approaches, challenges, and contributions of NGOs in the field of road safety, the paper thoroughly explores strategies these organizations employ to reduce traffic collisions, their consequences, and to raise awareness among participants about responsible behavior in traffic. The paper emphasizes the importance of specific challenges faced by NGOs, highlighting their limited resources as a key factor. It also underscores the need for effective collaboration with state authorities while emphasizing the crucial role of autonomy for NGOs in achieving goals in the field of road safety. Analyzing specific contributions of NGOs, the paper focuses on their role in public education about road safety, promotion of traffic culture, advocacy for improvements in traffic policies, and providing support to victims of traffic collisions. It particularly emphasizes that these activities not only contribute to the current improvement of road safety but also lay the foundation for long-term and sustainable enhancement of road safety. By recognizing the importance of NGO autonomy, the paper provides insight into key elements influencing the effectiveness of their activities in the field of road safety.
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Temby, Anna. "Municipal Parks versus Glorious Gardens: The Tensions of Inter-Governmental Management of Urban Park Space." In The 39th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. PLACE NAME: SAHANZ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a5048pbpg7.
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In the early twentieth century the view of urban parks as health-giving, vital spaces in modern cities had been firmly established, however, a stark contrast was present in the position of small urban parks, funded and managed by municipal governments, and the state-funded, pseudo- scientific Botanic Gardens. Using Meanjin (Brisbane) as a case-study, this paper examines how conflict between local and state governments drastically hindered the construction of accessible and functional municipal parks, while simultaneously limiting the access of working-class and marginalised citizens to state government-funded spaces such as the Botanic Gardens. Lack of cooperation between the tiers of government, and the privileging of the Botanic Gardens as a site of middle-class leisure, also led to citizen-intervention and investment in council-run park space, which sought to exclude or limit the use of these spaces by those perceived to be ‘unrespectable’ members of the population. This paper asserts that the unequal and oppositional practices in the governing of park and reserve spaces in the early twentieth century, and the tensions between local and state authorities, led to a further entrenching of social demarcations in public park spaces, and negatively impacted upon the significance of park spaces in urban centres.
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Ishida, Satoshi. "Remote Learning Responses to the COVID-19 Situation in Creating Collaborative Learning Environment: Cases from Nagasaki’s Public Schools." In 16th Education and Development Conference. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/edc.2021.009.
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Abstract This paper examines collaborative learning environment through remote learning in local government. While COVID-19 brought pedagogical and financial challenges to public schools that were already experiencing crises in the management of their educational programs, it also created new opportunities to strengthen relationships and create institutions that will bring out the resilience needed to bounce back stronger and better than before. Government-led approaches to introduce ICT into the educational environment have become even more important in the during the COVID-19 disaster, and in this crisis, public school education in remote areas, including remote island regions, is about to undergo a major transformation. In recent years, ICT environments have begun to be established in educational settings throughout the country. However, it is a fact that there is a large difference in the response to remote learning among local governments. On the other hand, some local governments in Nagasaki Prefecture have begun initiatives to collaborate with private companies and universities to enhance remote learning. In particular, in remote island areas, cross-border collaborative remote learning is being developed in a way that makes use of past experiences. These efforts are expected to meet the needs of the "new normal" under the COVID-19 situation and to be effectively used as "hubs for collaborative learning" that will become the standard in the future. This paper briefly explores the challenges and possibilities of how the promotion of remote learning can bring a ray of hope to the educational field of public schools, using the case of Nagasaki Prefecture, which includes remote island area. KEYWORDS: Remote Learning, Online Education, COVID-19, Collaborative Learning, Nagasaki
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DuBoff, Scott M. "Alternative Financing for Enhanced Environmental Protection: The Intersection of Waste-to-Energy Technology and Solid Waste Flow Control Authority." In 17th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec17-2343.
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When local governments evaluate the environmental benefits and costs of alternatives for managing non-recyclable municipal solid waste, the relative costs of modern waste-to-energy (WTE) technology can be a significant stumbling block despite WTE technology’s environmental benefits. Although the preceding point is an important economic reality that has constrained WTE development in the United States, fortunately there is a highly effective means — the use of municipal solid waste “flow control” (or “facility designation”) authority — to overcome WTE’s perceived cost disadvantage. The relationship between flow control and WTE development, including significant encouragement for use of flow control as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court’s recent decision in United Haulers Association v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Management Authority, 127 S.Ct. 1786 (2007), is the focus of this paper, which will address the following topics: Policy Basis for Flow Control — Absent government intervention, management of municipal solid waste will seek the lowest cost (i.e., short-term cost) and frequently less environmentally protective alternatives. Flow control can counter the tendency to choose alternatives with lower short-term costs and at the same time facilitate implementation of the environmentally-preferable waste management alternatives a local government selects, such as WTE technology and other aspects of “integrated waste management.” Flow Control and the Courts — While the authority of a given local government to use flow control is grounded in state law, flow control also implicates matters that arise under federal law, such as Commerce Clause issues, given the possibility that solid waste regulation in one state can affect commercial interests in solid waste management in another state. Although concerns regarding claims of impact on interstate commerce prompted a negative Supreme Court response to flow control in C&A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown, 511 U.S. 383 (1994), the Court’s decision 13 years later in the Oneida-Herkimer case was in many ways just the opposite. WTE’s Correlation with Flow Control and Practical Guideposts — WTE development can be significantly advanced by the use of flow control. That conclusion is borne out by empirical data. The concluding portion of this paper addresses that topic as well as corollary issues, such as public-private collaboration for WTE development and other practical guideposts for implementing flow control ordinances.
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Markopoulos, Evangelos, Hugo Rourke, and Hannu Vanharanta. "The Scandinavian Democratic Governmental Support Model for Start-Ups and Innovations (SDeGMSI)." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001528.
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Regional and national development has always been impacted with the synchronisation of the public and the private sector. The growth of privately owned enterprises contributes significantly to the national economy, employment and prosperity, but also to the national pride, brand name and reputation for further investments to be made in a country. Therefore the support of the public sector to the development of the private sector is mandatory for the public sector to keep its private sector and avoid a catastrophic brain drain. Scandinavia is one of the regions with remarkable achievements in innovation, science, technology and economy compared to its size, as league of nations and population with other countries or regions. This paper attempts to identify the main elements of the unique Scandinavian government business policy formula for innovation startup success, particularly in Sweden and Finland, which has been key in creating a region with an incredibly high density of “unicorns” (BN$ companies per capita), second to Silicon Valley.The paper has used a research methodology which is based on primary research taking the form of interviews and surveys, along with secondary research based on existing academic literature.The research conducted in this paper identifis and analyses tax structures, government favors, human resource bases, public private partnerships, social safety nets, venture capital and investment infrastructures, R&D investments, and business support systems available to entrepreneurs of the Scandinavian countries. Having identified such key elements, the paper propose a more globally applicable public sector model for the support and encouragement of startups, and business innovation. The model named Scandinavian Democratic Governmental Support Model for Start-Ups and Innovations (SDeGMSI) is based on the practices of Scandinavian governments, while also accounting factors such as cultural values, performance of local economies, and demographic characteristics. The democratic concept in the development of this model is supported by the Company Democracy Model, another Scandinavian innovation management model, and is critical for the fair and unbiased support of the government to all the organizations and startups that can demonstrate significant and valuable intellectual capital for the economy and the society. SDeGSISM is characterized by its triple-pyramid for public support of startups and Innovation and can be used to help develop more internationally competitive economies through the establishment of a series of publicly enforced innovation supports and changes to the business environment. The three interrelated pyramids of the model represent the levels of support provided by the government to start-ups (reversed pyramid 1), the types of organisations across which said support is distributed (pyramid 2), and the impact that support, once applied to start-ups, should have on an economic level (reversed pyramid 3). The pyramids, organised by volume of support provided, disruptive potential of businesses, and scale of impact, respectively, provide an indication and an assessment on how governments are aligned with the Nordic model for entrepreneurial support.Furthermore, structures, practices and metrics available in the model support the creation of more dynamic economies which favor market development and disruption over the continued market dominance of incumbents. The “market-favoring” economies which this model seeks to both encourage and foster are more conducive to economic dynamism and create greater opportunities for investors, as cycles of market disruption increases the potential for widespread returns.The paper indicates limitations on the proposed model and identifies areas of further research for future development and applications.
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Merritt, James, and Robert Smith. "A Formula for Success: Research Impacts Realized Because of Strong Industry and Government Collaboration." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31054.
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The U.S. Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) has built and deployed a consensus-based, collaborative and co-funded research program that is bringing technology to market and helping to strengthen pipeline integrity worldwide. As the principle arbiter of on-shore pipeline safety issues at the federal level PHMSA has aggressively initiated an extensive range of research, development and demonstration projects to make pipelines safer. Significant progress is being accomplished while working with other international administrations, federal agencies, state and local governments, industry partners and academia focused on enhancing pipeline system integrity. This research enterprise is designed to be consistent, predictable and transparent to all stakeholders. Current PHMSA Pipeline Safety R&D Program managed research, development and demonstration (RD&D) projects are producing desired results focused on technologies, enhancing standards and regulations along with providing general knowledge needed to address critical safety and integrity functions. These investments are addressing better diagnostic tools, testing of unpiggable pipes, stronger materials, improved pipeline locating and subsurface mapping, prevention of outside force damage, and leak detection. PHMSA Pipeline Safety R&D Program utilizes consensus building on the technical gaps and challenges for future RD&D through facilitating government and industry pipeline stakeholder’s road mapping efforts. The recent Government/Industry R&D forum confirms progress is being made toward safety and integrity in some areas. However, new challenges seen from the recent construction boom is raising old questions along with new technology challenges with alternative fuels and climate change. This paper will discuss the impacts realized from the execution of PHMSA’s research program to develop technology, strengthen consensus standards and to generate and promote new knowledge since 2002.
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Mack, James, and Leif Wathne. "How Providing the Opportunity for Industries to Compete Benefits the Pavement Market : And How Agencies Can Use it to Lower their Pavement Cost." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/iaa3gz45.
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In 2018, the U.S. spent an estimated $187 billion on its highways and roadways, with the majority of funding coming from state and local governments (~$141B from states and local governments vs ~$45B from the Federal Government) (Urban Institute, n.d.) Despite this enormous outlay of funds, the U.S. highway infrastructure needs are at an all-time high. The road system earned a D grade from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) on their 2021 report card, which is the same grade roads have received on every ASCE Report Card. Over 40% of U.S. roadways are in a poor/deficient condition and the number of vehicle miles traveling on roads in “poor” condition has risen from 15% to more than 17% over the last decade. Overall, there is about a $435 billion backlog of highway road repair projects and the poor US road system is costing the country an additional $130 billion in extra vehicle repairs and operating costs, or over $1,000 per motorist per year (ASCE, 2021) Improvement of the system is needed and the primary approach to address this challenge to date has been to increase funding. While more funding is needed, agencies also need to find ways to be more efficient within their constrained budgets in order to get more out of their roadway and pavement investments. This paper will show how competition in the pavement bidding process and across paving industries can bring value to Transportation Agencies by lowering pavement unit costs.
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Rendell, Philip, Henry O’Grady, Brendan Breen, Alastair Clark, and Steve Reece. "Development of an Engineering Design Process and Associated Systems and Procedures for a UK Geological Disposal Facility." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59160.
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In the United Kingdom the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) has been charged with implementing Government policy for the long-term management of higher activity radioactive waste. The UK Government is leading a site selection process based on voluntarism and partnership with local communities interested in hosting such a facility and as set out in the ‘Managing Radioactive Waste Safely’ White Paper (2008). The NDA has set up the Radioactive Waste Management Directorate (RWMD) as the body responsible for planning, building and operating a geological disposal facility (GDF). RWMD will develop into a separately regulated Site Licence Company (SLC) responsible for the construction, operation and closure of the facility. RWMD will be the Design Authority for the GDF; requiring a formal process to ensure that the knowledge and integrity of the design is maintained. In 2010 RWMD published ‘Geological Disposal - Steps towards implementation’ which described the preparatory work that it is undertaking in planning the future work programme, and the phases of work needed to deliver the programme. RWMD has now developed a process for the design of the GDF to support this work. The engineering design process follows a staged approach, encompassing options development, requirements definition, and conceptual and detailed designs. Each stage finishes with a ‘stage gate’ comprising a technical review and a specific set of engineering deliverables. The process is intended to facilitate the development of the most appropriate design of GDF, and to support the higher level needs of both the project and the community engagement programmes. The process incorporates elements of good practices derived from other work programmes; including process mapping, issues and requirements management, and progressive design assurance. A set of design principles have been established, and supporting design guidance notes are being produced. In addition a requirements management system is being implemented for the identification, capture, analysis, update, verification, validation and acceptance of requirements for the GDF. This is to ensure that there are traceable links between requirements, and to identify and record the verification/validation of individual requirements. This paper describes the engineering design process and the supporting documents, systems and procedures. The paper addresses the relationship to the geological disposal programme timeline in ‘Geological Disposal - Steps towards implementation’ and, from there, to the UK Government ‘Managing Radioactive Waste Safely’ Programme. It also describes the next steps in the development of the design process, and some of the lessons learnt to date.
Reports on the topic "White paper on local government"
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Alves, Leandro, Walter Vergara, and Claudio Alatorre. Rethinking Our Energy Future: A White Paper on Renewable Energy for the 3GFLAC Regional Forum. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007903.
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The Global Green Growth Forum (3GF) was initiated in 2011 with the aim of supporting a global transition to inclusive green growth through global alliance making and the promotion of public-private partnerships. This forum is a unique platform to catalyze partnerships that can rapidly bring to scale green growth opportunities bringing together governments from developed, developing and emerging economies along with the private sector. Realizing the potentials of green growth requires the effective mobilization at scale of financial, technological and human capital. This will only be possible if governments and the private sector collaborate at the local, national and the international levels to overcome barriers, and create the right incentives for actors to innovate and invest. This document is oriented towards stimulating the discussions, commitments and partnership building between governments and the private sector at the Forum. The commitments and insights derived from this first regional 3GF meeting will both benefit the LAC region and feed into the global 3GF meeting in Copenhagen on October 21-22, 2013.
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Wozniak-Brown, Joanna. Gaps and Opportunities for Local Resilience Planning in Connecticut. UConn Connecticut Institute for Resilience and Climate Adaptation, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56576/wxnj9369.
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There are numerous efforts underway at the local, regional, and state level across the state of Connecticut to address the impacts of climate change. Scientific assessments, community engagement, and adaptation project designs are just a few of the key activities. Additionally, climate-related goals are being integrated into some local planning processes and some municipalities have undertaken resilience plans. Despite these projects, there are glaring gaps in the existing authority or obligations of local governments that potentially hinder climate planning at the local level. This type of systems analysis highlights specific planning obligations that are often related to climate planning but have not yet incorporated the impacts and adaptations to climate change fully. However, optimizing or expanding existing local authority or planning obligations could significantly advance adaptation across the state. Firstly, it would make climate planning an ongoing effort as opposed to episodic. Secondly, it could address gaps that have the potential to hinder projects currently underway. Thirdly, it could advance efforts to address historically excluded and harmed communities across the state by ensuring they are included in climate change planning and that adaptation projects or resilience programs and policies redress those inequities. This white paper outlines the gaps in resilience planning authority and planning mechanisms then provides potential opportunities to address the gaps.
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Artana, Daniel, Sebastián Auguste, Marcela Cristini, Cynthia Moskovits, and Ivana Templado. Sub-National Revenue Mobilization in Latin American and Caribbean Countries: The Case of Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011362.
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This paper analyzes sub-national revenues in Argentina. Following a discussion of the recent evolution of government revenues and their vertical imbalance, the paper then analyzes the most important taxes collected by federal, provincial and local governments. Subsequently considered are the determinants of sub-national revenues and the impact of the 2001-2002 crisis. It is found that automatic transfers improve collections of the cascade sales tax and the property tax by enlarging the disposable income of the private and public sector of the provinces favored by the regional redistribution of income, while discretionary transfers reduce own-source revenue effort and encourage public investment. The paper concludes by analyzing options to improve sub-national revenue mobilization and offering specific proposals, particularly in regard to improving the cascade provincial sales tax.
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Qiao, Baoyun, Xiaoqin Fan, Hanif Rahemtulla, Hans van Rijn, and Lina Li. Critical Issues for Fiscal Reform in the People’s Republic of China Part 2: Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations and Debt Management. Asian Development Bank, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps230191-2.
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The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has achieved remarkable progress in poverty reduction and economic growth—despite having had fiscal institutions that, initially, were not well aligned with its socioeconomic goals. Since 1980, however, a fiscal framework has gradually been developed that meets the economy’s basic requirements. Interestingly, while subnational government in the PRC now provides large public investments in physical and social infrastructure, revenues have remained largely centralized. Within this setting, this paper focuses on intergovernmental fiscal relations and on local government debt management.
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Valencia, Oscar, Juliana Gamboa-Arbeláez, and Gustavo Sánchez. Debt Erosion: Asymmetric Response to Demand and Supply Shocks. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005027.
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This paper explores the effect of inflation supply and demand shocks on government debt. It identifies the shocks using a sign-restricted Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model with quarterly data. Estimations of dynamic panel regressions and local projections suggest that supply shocks lead to persistent increases in government debt, while demand shocks result in long-lasting declines. Furthermore, high debt levels increase economic vulnerability, amplifying the impacts of both supply and demand shocks by more than three times. Specifically, supply shocks increase debt through higher borrowing costs and more prolonged depreciation, whereas demand shocks erode debt through persistent reductions in primary balance, driven by increased revenues.
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Ji, Alexander P., Rachel Beaton, Sukanya Chakrabarti, Gina Duggan, Anna Frebel, Marla Geha, Matthew Hosek, et al. Astro2020 Science White Paper: Local Dwarf Galaxy Archaeology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1527399.
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Andoni, Merlinda, Sonam Norbu, Benoit Couraud, David Flynn, Si Chen, and Valentin Robu. Decentralized Energy White Paper: Adaptive Local Energy Communities. University of Glasgow, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36399/gla.pubs.278207.
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Bonvecchi, Alejandro. The Political Economy of Fiscal Reform in Latin America: The Case of Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010935.
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This paper investigates the political economy of fiscal reform activism in Argentina since the late 1980s. Between 1988 and 2008, tax legislation was changed 83 times, fiscal federal rules 14 times, and budgetary institutions sixteen times. Tax and budgetary reforms moved from centralizing revenue sources and spending authority in the federal government to mild decentralization lately. Fiscal federal rules combined centralization of revenues and management in the federal government with short-term compensations for the provinces. This paper contends that reform activism can be explained by the recurrence of economic and policy shocks while reform patterns may be accounted for as consequences of the decreasing political integration of national parties in a polity whose decisionmaking rules encourage the formation of oversized coalitions. The decrease in political integration weakened the national party leaderships ability to coordinate intergovernmental bargaining, and strengthened the local bosses and factions needed to form oversized coalitions.
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Toch, Eran. Smart City Technologies in Israel: A Review of Cutting-Edge Technologies and Innovation Hubs. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007986.
Full textAbstract:
This discussion paper was developed by the Inter-American Development Bank’s (IDB) Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Division in collaboration with the Knowledge, Innovation and Communication Department (KIC). It was financed through the Cutting-Edge Knowledge Fund. Smart cities reveal the potential of innovative technologies to tackle tough and longstanding problems in cities and dramatically improve the way municipalities operate. Cities in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries have a pressing need for solutions that can challenge existing problems while providing a solid return on investment. In recent years, Israel has developed a unique ecosystem approach toward its smart city technology, with a unique focus on collaboration between research institutes, local governments, and private entrepreneurs. This paper explains how the ecosystem developed and how it can benefit cities and residents. The paper starts by providing background information on the various drivers behind smart city innovation in Israel, including the information industry and government agencies. It then focuses on technologies developed in Israel, providing descriptions and a comprehensive analysis of cutting-edge solutions for smart cities developed by an ecosystem of companies, universities, governments, and startups. Later on, provides an overview of the research and development centers in Israel and the dynamics that fuel creative centers, focusing on the startup ecosystem, academic centers, and established IT companies.
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Bano, Masooda. Curricula that Respond to Local Needs: Analysing Community Support for Islamic and Quranic Schools in Northern Nigeria. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/103.
Full textAbstract:
Involving local communities in school management is seen to be crucial to improving the quality of education in state schools in developing countries; yet school-based management committees remain dormant in most such contexts. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with a rich network of community-supported Islamic and Quranic schools in the state of Kano in northern Nigeria—a sub-Saharan African region with very low education indicators, low economic growth, and political and social instability—this paper shows how making school curricula responsive to local value systems and economic opportunities is key to building a strong sense of community ownership of schools. Under community-based school management committees, control over more substantive educational issues—such as the content of school curricula and the nature of aspirations and concepts of a good life that it promotes among the students—remains firmly in the hands of the government education authorities, who on occasion also draw on examples from other countries and expertise offered by international development agencies when considering what should be covered. The paper shows that, as in the case of the urban areas, rural communities or those in less-developed urban centres lose trust in state schools when the low quality of education provided results in a failure to secure formal-sector employment. But the problem is compounded in these communities, because while state schools fail to deliver on the promise of formal-sector employment, the curriculum does promote a concept of a good life that is strongly associated with formal-sector employment and urban living, which remains out of reach for most; it also promotes liberal values, which in the local communities' perception are associated with Western societies and challenge traditional values and authority structures. The outcomes of such state schooling, in the experience of rural communities, are frustrated young people, unhappy with the prospect of taking up traditional jobs, and disrespectful of parents and of traditional authority structures. The case of community support for Islamic and Quranic schools in northern Nigeria thus highlights the need to consider the production of localised curricula and to adjust concepts of a good life to local contexts and economic opportunities, as opposed to adopting a standardised national curriculum which promotes aspirations that are out of reach.