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1
Perner, Vaclav, and Ludek Bartos. "Integrity of a Red Deer Stag Group During the Velvet Period, Association of Individuals and Timing of Antler Cleaning." Behaviour 95, no. 3-4 (1985): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853985x00172.
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AbstractPrevious studies on a "white" red deer herd at Zehušice, Czechoslovakia showed that a stag's antler casting and cleaning dates were related to his rank in the dominance hierarchy. The relationship was less apparent with antler cleaning than with casting. It was suggested that this is a consequence of disintegration of the bachelor group during the period of antler growth. A group of 14 individually recognised stags in a 1.26 km2 enclosure were observed 77 times between March 15th and August 22nd 1983. The number of stag groups, the distribution of stags into groups and the number of solitary stags was recorded on each occasion. For each observation the "relative dominance index" (RDI, rank position within a group divided by the number of stags in the group) was calculated for each individual. Correlation coefficients between antler cleaning dates and summed RDI values were calculated. As in previous seasons, and in contrast to the period preceding antler casting, the bachelor group disintegrated during the velvet period. As antler cleaning approached the stags tended to disperse into more groups and separate from other deer. The stags associated with others of similar rank and age. There was a close association between summed RDI values for individual stags for the last two weeks of the velvet period and dates of antler cleaning. Among pairs of stags which were closest associates during this period, the higher ranking stag always cleaned earlier. It is concluded that the disintegration of the bachelor group in the period before antler cleaning may be the major factor which causes a less apparent relationship between rank and the date of antler cleaning than between rank and date of antler casting. It is suggested that these two points in the antler cycle are regulated by hormones modulated by agonistic behaviour related to rank.
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Patitucci, L. T., M. V. Azeredo, M. A. Verícimo, N. R. P. Almosny, and M. C. N. Castro. "Electrophoretic analysis (sds-page) of canine urinary proteins according to the stage of chronic kidney disease." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 72, no. 4 (August 2020): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11146.
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ABSTRACT Glomerular proteinuria is characterized by the loss of high-molecular-weight proteins (HMWPs), while tubulointerstitial proteinuria is characterized by the loss of low-molecular-weight proteins (LMWPs). The objective was to assess the molecular weight of urinary proteins (MWUP) in dogs with naturally acquired CKD and determine the proportion of HMWPs and LMWPs according to CKD stage. Twenty-eight dogs with CKD were recruited and divided into 4 groups based on serum creatinine (Cr) levels (group1: Cr<1,4, n=8; group2: 1,4<Cr<2,0, n=6; group3: 2,1<Cr<5, n=9; group4: Cr>5,0, n=5). The control group consisted of 5 healthy dogs. The MWUP was determined by SDS-PAGE. The urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP/C) was used to quantitatively assess proteinuria. The electrophoresis pattern revealed a proportionally greater loss of HMWPthan of LMWP in all groups with CKD and an increased loss of LMWP in group 4 (P<0.05). These results suggest a predominance of glomerular injuries throughout all stages of CKD in these dogs and an increase in tubulointerstitial injury towards the end-stage of the disease. The results of the present study support the recommendation of SDS-PAGE as an effective technique for the qualitative assessment of proteinuria, as well as a method for assessing the severity and location of renal injury.
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Dwi Rahminiwati, Kartika, IGM Antara Hambarsika, and Fitri Handajani. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (AVERRHOA BILIMBI L.) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL LDL DARAH TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) JANTAN GALUR WISTAR DENGAN DIET TINGGI LEMAK." Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma 8, no. 2 (October 12, 2019): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v8i2.572.
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A high-fat diet can increase lipoprotein levels, total cholesterol, (Low Density Lipoprotein) LDL, and triglycerides. Starfruit has saponin and flavonoid compounds which are expected to reducing LDL cholesterol levels. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of starfruit juice on lowering the blood cholesterol LDL of Wistar rats fed with high-fat diet. Experimental study with post-test only control group design. As many as 24 male white rats from the Wistar strain were divided into 3 groups: negative control groups (K-) that were given standard feed for 28 days; positive control group (K+) who were given a high-fat diet for 28 days; the treatment group (KP) was given a high-fat diet for 28 days and on the 15th day 28th they were given a starfruit juice with a dose of 4ml / 200grBB / day. Day 29 measured LDL cholesterol. The statistic test showed a significant increase in LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.001) in the positive control group (x=12.125±2.642 mg/dL) compared to the negative control group (x=7.625±1.506 mg/dL). There was no significant different the mean cholesterol level of the treatment group (x=11±1.927) compared to the mean LDL cholesterol level of the positive control group (x=12.125±2.642). A high-fat diet significantly increases the mean LDL cholesterol level. Starfruit juice did not significantly reduce LDL cholesterol level.
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Kojola, Ilpo. "Rutting behaviour in an enclosured group of wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus Lönnb.)." Rangifer 6, no. 2 (June 1, 1986): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.6.2.643.
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The rutting behaviour of wild forest reindeer {Rangifer tarandus fennicus Lönnb.) was studied 1981 - 83 in a 15 ha enclosure located in Kivijärvi, Central Finland (63° N). The group consisted of two old stags, 6-9 hinds and their calves and yearlings. The main sections of the study were social structure, social signals, time budget and daily activity. In early September the aggressiveness of the stags towards females concentrated on those individuals which had last dominated them. Adult females were more aggressive to young females than to each other. The proposed aggressiveness of the hinds towards yearlings may be explained by the lower predictability of the hierarchial status of the young animals. The main character of observable social signals seemed to be similar to those described in earlier studies concerning the genus Rangifer. Stags often made snapping-like movements with their mouths during agonistic behaviour. Low-stretch displays and investigation of the urine of the females concentrated on the estrous hind during the day preceeding the pre-copulatory period (which commenced when the hind did not yet avoid the stag). The stag always sniffed at the vulva of the female after copulation. The harem stag did not stop grazing during the peak of the rut. Differences in the time budget between the dominant and subdominant stag as between estrous and anestrous hinds were clear. Mating occurred most often during the 3 hours after sundown. In the dark the old stags often sparred and their activity towards females seemed to be weaker than in the daylight hours. During the peak rut the stags were observed to spar only while the females were resting.
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Solheim, J. E. "Interacting Binary White Dwarf Stars." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 151 (1992): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900122727.
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This group of stars consists of 4 systems, also called helium cataclysmics. Three of them show photometric variations and have been studied by the Whole Earth Telescope (WET), which have revealed multiperiodic light curves showing the signature of g-mode non-radial pulsations on the accreting star. The combination of accretion and g-mode pulsations gives a unique opportunity to test models for the accreator's structural changes in response to accretion. IUE-spectra provide additional physical parameters.
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Milone, Eugene F., Roger A. Bell, Michael Bessell, Robert Garrison, Martin Cohen, Ian S. Glass, Robert L. Kurucz, et al. "Working Group on Infrared Astronomy: (Groupe de Travail Pour L’Astronomie Infrarouge)." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 1 (2000): 336–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x0000328x.
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In 1988, a Joint Commission (9 and 25) meeting on the causes of the well-known limitations on the precision of infrared astronomy led to several suggestions to improve matters (see Milone 1989). These included better reporting of the photometric systems in use by practitioners, redesign of the infrared passbands to be more optimally placed inside the atmospheric windows, and development of a method to ascertain the water vapor content of the atmosphere when the astronomical infrared measurements were being made. An Infrared Astronomy Working Group was formed to look into the matter. Advice and suggestions were solicited from the community at large. All who volunteered information became, de facto, members of the Working Group. A small subgroup composed of Andrew Young, Chris Stagg, and Milone set to work on the central of the recommendations: improvement of the passbands. Young, Milone, k Stagg (1994) (hereafter YMS) summarized the work: existing JHKLMN and Q infrared passbands were found to be both far from standardized, and all too frequently defined, to various degrees, by the water vapor and other components of the terrestrial atmosphere. Following extensive numerical simulations with a MODTRAN 3 terrestrial-atmospheres model package, and Kurucz stellar atmospheres, we suggested a set of improved infrared passbands designed explicitly to fit within, and not be defined by, the terrestrial atmospheric windows; however, we sought to optimize them so as to get the maximum throughput consistent with plausible limitations on precision of manufacture of the filters. In 1995 and again in 1997, a number of improvements were made in the code with which the improved passbands were designed. While they do not much affect the optimization trials and thus the passband recommendations, they have been used to extend the modeling.
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Mishra, Virendra R., Karthik R. Sreenivasan, Zhengshi Yang, Xiaowei Zhuang, Dietmar Cordes, Zoltan Mari, Irene Litvan, et al. "Unique white matter structural connectivity in early-stage drug-naive Parkinson disease." Neurology 94, no. 8 (December 27, 2019): e774-e784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000008867.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the topographic arrangement and strength of whole-brain white matter (WM) structural connectivity in patients with early-stage drug-naive Parkinson disease (PD).MethodsWe employed a model-free data-driven approach for computing whole-brain WM topologic arrangement and connectivity strength between brain regions by utilizing diffusion MRI of 70 participants with early-stage drug-naive PD and 41 healthy controls. Subsequently, we generated a novel group-specific WM anatomical network by minimizing variance in anatomical connectivity of each group. Global WM connectivity strength and network measures were computed on this group-specific WM anatomical network and were compared between the groups. We tested correlations of these network measures with clinical measures in PD to assess their pathophysiologic relevance.ResultsPD-relevant cortical and subcortical regions were identified in the novel PD-specific WM anatomical network. Impaired modular organization accompanied by a correlation of network measures with multiple clinical variables in early PD were revealed. Furthermore, disease duration was negatively correlated with global connectivity strength of the PD-specific WM anatomical network.ConclusionBy minimizing variance in anatomical connectivity, this study found the presence of a novel WM structural connectome in early PD that correlated with clinical symptoms, despite the lack of a priori analytic assumptions. This included the novel finding of increased structural connectivity between known PD-relevant brain regions. The current study provides a framework for further investigation of WM structural changes underlying the clinical and pathologic heterogeneity of PD.
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Grebel, E. K. "Star Formation Histories of Local Group Dwarf Galaxies." Highlights of Astronomy 11, no. 1 (1998): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600020190.
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The Local Group contains 37 currently known or probable member galaxies within a radius of 1.8 Mpc (Grebel 1997a). 31 of these galaxies are dwarf galaxies with MB > -17 mag. The most frequent galaxy types are low-mass, gas-poor dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies, which are dominated by old and intermediate-age populations, and more massive, gas-rich dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies with recent star formation. DSph galaxies have been found mostly in close vicinity to the large spiral galaxies in the Local Group, while dirr galaxies tend to be more distant and isolated.
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Liebert, James. "The Origin and Evolution of Helium-Rich White Dwarfs." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 87 (1985): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100090965.
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AbstractWhite dwarfs with helium-rich atmospheres constitute about one fifth of the white dwarfs hotter than 12,000 K. They appear to have a mass distribution similar to the hydrogen atmosphere (DA) stars, and are similar in other properties. However, the temperature distribution exhibits a deficiency of DB/DO stars in the interval 25,000-45,000 K, which implies evolution in the dominant surface composition as the stars cool. The hottest group of transition DO white dwarfs are the pulsating objects of the PG1159 class. The central star of Kl-16 is a related object, as may be the newly discovered very hot star H1504+65, which shows no detected surface features of either hydrogen or helium.
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Shao, Wen, Xuwen He, Xin Li, Wuhai Tao, Junying Zhang, Shujuan Zhang, Lei Wang, et al. "Disrupted White Matter Networks from Subjective Memory Impairment to Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment." Current Alzheimer Research 18, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666210324115817.
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Background and Objective: Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is a preclinical stage prior to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) along with the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum. We hypothesized that SMI patients had white matter (WM) network disruptions similar to those in aMCI patients. Methods: We used diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory to construct, analyze, and compare the WM networks among 20 normal controls (NC), 20 SMI patients, and 20 aMCI patients. Results: Compared with the NC group, the SMI group had significantly decreased global and local efficiency and an increased shortest path length. Moreover, similar to the aMCI group, the SMI group had lower nodal efficiency in regions located in the frontal and parietal lobes, limbic systems, and caudate nucleus compared to that of the NC group. Conclusion: Similar to aMCI patient, SMI patients exhibited WM network disruptions, and detection of these disruptions could facilitate the early detection of SMI.
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Zhang, Li, Weihui Li, Ni Shu, Huirong Zheng, Zhijun Zhang, Yan Zhang, Zhong He, et al. "Increased white matter integrity of posterior cingulate gyrus in the evolution of post-traumatic stress disorder." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 24, no. 1 (February 2012): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00580.x.
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Objective: Functional imaging studies of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have shown an increased activation of posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG) of the brain. The aim of this study was to explore white matter integrity of PCG in PTSD subjects.Methods: White matter integrity, as determined from fractional anisotropy (FA) value using diffusion tensor imaging, was assessed for PCG in subjects with and without PTSD from a severe mine accident. All subjects were also measured by the PTSD Checklist Civilian Version (PCL-C), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the logical memory subtest and the visual reproduction subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised in China. Sixteen PTSD subjects (8 subjects in each group) in the longitudinal study and 13 PTSD subjects as well as 14 non-PTSD controls in the cross-sectional case–control study were respectively recruited.Results: In the longitudinal study, subjects with PTSD showed increased FA values in left PCG during the follow-up scan. In the cross-sectional study, FA values in bilateral PCG in PTSD subjects were higher than controls. Within the PTSD group (n = 13), FA values in the left PCG correlated positively with logical memory and negatively with PCL-C intrusion and STAI-trait (STAI-t) subscores. FA values in right PCG correlated negatively with STAI-t and STAI-state subscores.Conclusion: These findings suggest that alterations of white matter integrity in PCG link to mnemonic and affective processing in PTSD over the long-term follow-up period.
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Torres-Flores, S., C. Mendes de Oliveira, D. F. de Mello, P. Amram, H. Plana, B. Epinat, and J. Iglesias-Páramo. "Star-forming regions in the intragroup medium of compact groups of galaxies." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S262 (August 2009): 440–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310003613.
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AbstractWe present the results of a multiwavelength campaign searching for young objects in the intragroup medium of seven compact groups of galaxies: HCG 2, 7, 22, 23, 92, 100 and NGC 92. We used Fabry-Perot velocity fields and rotation curves together with GALEX NUV and FUV images, optical R-band and HI maps to evaluate the stage of interaction of each group. We conclude that groups (i) HCG 7 and HCG 23 are in an early stage of interaction, (ii) HCG 2 and HCG 22 are mildly interacting, and (iii) HCG 92, HCG 100 and NGC 92 are in a late stage of evolution. Evolved groups have a population of young objects in their intragroup medium while no such population is found within the less evolved groups. We also report the discovery of a tidal dwarf galaxy candidate in the tail of NGC 92. These three groups, besides containing galaxies which have peculiar velocity fields, also show extended HI tails. Our results indicate that the advanced stage of evolution of a group together with the presence of intragroup HI clouds may lead to star formation in the intragroup medium.
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Li, Tao, Liling Long, Jing Lu, Yu Jiang, and Armaghan Sreedher. "The Application of Spin Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Post-Herpetic Neuralgia and White Matter Changes." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 1919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2020.3104.
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The technology of spin magnetic resonance imaging was applied to compare the differences in neural functions of pains in different stages of herpes, including the acute stage and the post-herpetic stage. Also, the occurrence of pains caused by herpes was described by neuroimaging. A total of 12 patients with herpes were examined by the spin magnetic resonance imaging. All the patients were divided into the acute phase group (6 patients) and the post-herpetic neuralgia group (6 patients). The conditions of included patients were evaluated in accordance with the international standards. Besides, the technology of medical imaging was used for differential statistics on the cerebral activation regions of patients in both groups. The results showed no significant differences in VAS scores between patients in both groups (P > 0.05). However, in terms of the emotional items, the average score of the post-herpetic neuralgia group was statistically significant compared with that of the acute group (P < 0.05). The fMRI-BOLD images of cerebral signal activation detected by the spin magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed, and the results showed FHN increase of values in all cerebral regions in the acute stage group, including the region where LFF value increased, the region where fALFF value was relatively high, and the region where ReHo value was relatively high. Therefore, the application of spin magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of post-herpetic neuralgia symptoms would have positive effects on the conditions of patients, as well as helping clinicians accurately understand the neuralgia symptoms. In summary, the research provided experimental basis for the clinical treatments of post-herpetic neuralgia and the application of spin magnetic resonance imaging.
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Novianti, Ni Komang Ayu, Ni Desak Made Sri Adnyawati, and Luh Masdarini. "PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN (STAD) STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS BERBANTUAN LKS TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X JASA BOGA PADA MATA AJAR KEAMANAN PANGAN DI SMK PARIWISATA TRIATMA JAYA SINGARAJA." Jurnal BOSAPARIS: Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga 10, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jjpkk.v10i1.22126.
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Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran STAD (Student Team Achivement Divisions) berbantuan LKS terhadap hasil belajar keamanan pangan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain Nonequivalent Posttest Only Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua kelompok sampel, yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen dalam penelitian ini adalah kelompok siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran (STAD) Student Team Achievement Divisions berbantuan LKS, sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah kelompok siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis dengan uji t, diperoleh thitung adalah 5,36. Sedangkan ttabel sebesar 1,67 dengan taraf signifikansi adalah 5%. Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan hasil belajar keamanan pangan siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions) berbantuan LKS dengan siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional pada kelas X Jasa Boga SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja. Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Model Pembelajaran STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions), LKS. Abstrack This research is aimed at knowing the effect of STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions) model assisted by stuctured student’s worksheet on problem student’s learning result in food safety. This type of research is a quasi-experimental desaind whit Nonequivalent Posttest Only Control Group Design. This study used two sample groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Theexperimental group in this study is a group of in this STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions) model assisted by stuctured student’s worksheet, while the control group is group of students who use conventional learning models. The determination of this study was carried out by random sampling technique. Based on the results of hypothesis testing whit the ttest, it was found to be 5,36. While the ttable (0,05) is 1,67 with a significance level of 5%. This show that there is a significant influence on the learn by using the STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions) model assisted by stuctured student’s worksheet whit students who learn using conventional learning models in ten grade of culinary Department at Triatma Jaya Tourism Vocational School in Singaraja Keyword : science learning result, STAD (Student Team Achievement Divisions) model, stuctured student’s worksheet
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Ata, A., O. Yildiz-Gulay, S. Güngör, A. Balic, and M. S. Gulay. "The effect of carob (Ceratonia siliqua) bean extract on male New Zealand White rabbit semen." World Rabbit Science 26, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2018.10154.
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<p>The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) grows naturally in the Mediterranean region. The empiric use of carob cures for their aphrodisiac properties is very common in Turkey. Thus, the experiment was conducted to determine the effects of carob bean extracts on some reproductive parameters in male New Zealand White rabbits. During the adaptation period (stage 1), 6-8 mo old rabbits were trained in semen collection for 30 d. At the beginning of the treatment period (stage 2), rabbits were assigned randomly to 2 groups of 8 animals each. For a period of 49 d (1 spermatogenesis duration), one group was treated with a daily oral dose (10 mL) of carob extract and the other group received the corresponding volume of tap water. Semen was collected weekly. Semen samples taken at week 1 and 7 were analysed separately. At the beginning of stage 2, no differences were observed in the volume and pH of the ejaculate, sperm concentration, percentage of motility, percentage of live spermatozoa, percentage of sperm plasma membrane integrity, plasma concentration of testosterone, and seminal plasma protein levels between the control and carob extract treated animals. Similarly, at the end of stage 2, there were no differences in the volume and pH of the ejaculate, motility percentage, the percentage of live spermatozoa, percentage of sperm plasma membrane integrity, and the seminal plasma protein levels between the control and the carob extract treated animals. However, sperm concentration (P<0.05), plasma concentration of testosterone (P<0.05), and percentage of change in spermatozoa concentration (P<0.02) between groups were affected at the end of stage 2. The data suggested that the use of carob cures prepared by boiling carob fruit could have beneficial influences on sperm concentration in rabbits.</p>
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Walker, Paul R., Sam Cykert, Lloyd Edwards, Rohan Arya, and Peggye Dilworth-Anderson. "An intervention study to reduce black-white treatment disparities in early stage non-small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 6560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.6560.
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6560 Background: Racial disparities in the treatment of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) continue to exist leading to poorer outcomes in African-Americans (AA) compared to Caucasians (C). Our previous multi-institutional prospective cohort study of 386 patients identified a surgical rate in early stage NSCLC of 66% C but only 55% AA (p = 0.05; OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.57-0.99). (Cykert et al JAMA 2010) A 3 year retrospective chart review of all patients with early stage NSCLC at the 3 academic institutions involved in this current intervention study identified 714 patients with early stage NSCLC. Baseline surgical rates 69% for C and 66% for AA. Combined stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) with surgery C 80% and AA 76%. Controlling for co-morbidities, COPD, age and other demographic data, the OR for surgery AA compared to C 0.64 (95% CI 0.43-0.96) and for combined surgery or SBRT AA compared to C 0.61 (95% CI 0.43-0.96). Methods: Patients with a stage I or II NSCLC were identified and randomized to each institution’s standard of care approach or to an ‘intervention’ component utilizing a trained navigator to enhance patient communication and treatment understanding. Results: 244 patients were prospectively recruited into this intervention study. Mean age 65.7 years; 54% women; 89 (34%) AA. The intervention group showed an overall surgical rate of 74% (74.8% C, 71.4% AA; p = 0.6). Combined treatment of either surgery or SBRT increased an ablative treatment to 91.9% for C and 94.1% AA patients (p = 0.5). Logistic regression was performed comparing the intervention group to the baseline group. Results showed that overall treatment improved for both C and AA, the surgical and overall treatment disparity between C and AA was no longer present, while age, COPD, and clinical stage remained significant predictors of treatment. Conclusions: A multifaceted intervention designed to enhance patient communication and treatment understanding removed the surgical and overall early lung cancer treatment disparity between AA and C. Clinical trial information: NCT01687738.
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Buettner, Linda L., Suzanne Fitzsimmons, Serdar Atav, and Kaycee Sink. "Cognitive Stimulation for Apathy in Probable Early-Stage Alzheimer's." Journal of Aging Research 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/480890.
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We studied changes in apathy among 77 community-dwelling older persons with mild memory loss in a randomized clinical trial comparing two nonpharmacological interventions over four weeks. The study used a pre-post design with randomization by site to avoid contamination and diffusion of effect. Interventions were offered twice weekly after baseline evaluations were completed. The treatment group received classroom style mentally stimulating activities (MSAs) while the control group received a structured early-stage social support (SS) group. The results showed that the MSA group had significantly lower levels of apathy (P<.001) and significantly lower symptoms of depression (P<.001). While both groups improved on quality of life, the MSA group was significantly better (P=.02) than the SS group. Executive function was not significantly different for the two groups at four weeks, but general cognition improved for the MSA group and declined slightly for the SS group which produced a significant posttest difference (P<.001). Recruitment and retention of SS group members was difficult in this project, especially in senior center locations, while this was not the case for the MSA group. The examination of the data at this four-week time point shows promising results that the MSA intervention may provide a much needed method of reducing apathy and depressive symptoms, while motivating participation and increasing quality of life.
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Weigl, Klemens, and Ivo Ponocny. "Group sequential designs applied in psychological research." Methodology 16, no. 1 (April 6, 2020): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/meth.2811.
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Psychological research is confronted with ever-increasing demands to save resources such as time and money while assuring high ethical standards. In medical and pharmaceutical research, group sequential designs have fundamentally changed traditional statistical testing approaches featuring only one analysis at the end of a single-stage study. They enable early stopping at an interim stage, after a group of observations, for efficacy or futility in case of an overwhelmingly large or small effect, respectively. Otherwise, the trial is continued to the next stage. On average over many studies time and money are saved and more ethical trials are facilitated by diminishing the risk of patients' exposure to inferior treatments. We provide an easy-to-use tutorial for psychological research replete with easily understandable figures highlighting the core idea of different group sequential designs, a workflow chart, an empirical real-world data set, and the annotated R code. Finally, we demonstrate the application of early stopping for efficacy.
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Rahayuningsih, Suesthi, and Rani Jayanti. "High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Students In Solving Group Problem Based Gender." Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 10, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v10i2.4872.
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This research aims to describe how students think based on high order thinking skills (HOTS) indicators based on gender. This research was a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection was done by task-based interviews. The interview revealed High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based on indicators analyzing, evaluating and creating. The data in this research was in the form of interviews and tests of group problems. To check the validity of the data triangulation was done. The triangulation done was time triangulation. This research involved 19 students, which consisted of 3 male students and 16 female students. The results of the research showed that the thinking ability of male students in solving group problems at the analysis stage was 66.67%, at the evaluation stage of 33.33% and at the creation stage of 0%. While the thinking ability of female students in solving group problems at the analysis stage was 62.5%, at the evaluation stage at 43.75% and at the creation stage of 0%. This shows that mastery of HOTS in the analysis aspect, male students are better than female students while in the evaluation stage female students are better than male students. And at the stage of creating. Male students get the same score as female students.
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Kaufman, Michael Ross, David J. Delgado, Stephanie Costa, Brandon George, and Edith P. Mitchell. "Racial disparities in the presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma in the population 65+ years in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2018): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.249.
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249 Background: Insufficient evidence exists regarding the presentation and management of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to describe racial differences in cancer staging of elderly (65+) patients with HCC diagnosed in the United States. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 1973-2014 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) database of the National Cancer Institute. Patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, diagnosed between 2004 and 2014, and with complete information on race, gender, year of diagnosis, age, marital status, region and stage at diagnosis (Derived SEER Summary Stage 2000, and Derived American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Stage Group, 6th Edition) were included. Descriptive statistics were used to compare sociodemographic and clinical variables with race. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were preformed to describe the association of race with the diagnosis of late stage HCC (Regional/Distant vs Localized Stage for SEER Summary Stage, and Stage III/IV vs Stage I/II for AJCC Stage Group). Results: The sample consisted of 19,902 HCC patients: 69.7% White, 9.2% Black, 20.2% API, 1.0% AI; 69.1% male; 45.1% diagnosed in 2004-2009; 56.2% age 65-74, 35.6% 75-84, and 8.2% 85 and older; 58.3% married; 7.4% Midwest, 12.4% Northeast, 17.0% Southeast, 63.2% Pacific West; 44.9% Regional/Distant Stage (SEER Summary Stage) and 41.2% Stage III/IV (AJCC Stage Group). After controlling for confounding variables, Asian/Pacific Islanders had a decreased odds of presenting with late stage disease relative to whites in both the SEER Summary Stage (OR: 0.867, CI:0.805-0.934) and AJCC Stage Group (OR: 0.904, CI:0.838-0.975). Conclusions: Racial disparities exist at the presentation of HCC in the 65+ population. Asian/Pacific Islanders are less likely to be diagnosed with late stage HCC compared to whites. There is a need to study further these relationships in subpopulations.
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Alami-Durante, H., P. Bergot, M. Rouel, and G. Goldspink. "Effects of environmental temperature on the development of the myotomal white muscle in larval carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 24 (December 15, 2000): 3675–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.24.3675.
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A study was conducted on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to determine the effects of environmental temperature experienced by embryos and larvae on the development of myotomal white muscle. Eggs from one female were divided into two groups following fertilisation and incubated at constant pre-hatch temperatures of 18 or 28 degrees C. At hatching, larvae from the 18 degrees C-incubated eggs were divided into two groups and either reared at the same temperature of 18 degrees C (‘cold’ group) or transferred over a period of 5 days (at 2 degrees C per day) to 28 degrees C (‘transferred’ group). Larvae hatched from eggs incubated at 28 degrees C were reared at the same temperature of 28 degrees C (‘warm’ group). Larvae were sampled at two developmental stages (stage 1, inflation of the back chamber of the swimbladder; stage 2, inflation of the front chamber of the swimbladder) and at 26 days post-hatching. The maturation of myotome shape during larval life was studied in parallel with the changes occurring in the organisation of white fibres. At stage 1, the epaxial part of the myotomes surrounding the vent had the shape of lamellae inclined backwards, and only one central layer of white fibres was present. At stage 2, the epaxial part of the myotomes began to acquire a V-shape, which was well developed at 26 days post-hatch. At stage 2 and at 26 days post-hatch, two layers of white fibres were identified: the initial central layer and a second apical layer. These differ in their orientation, the initial central layer being orientated backwards and the apical layer forwards, and in the mean fibre diameter, which is greater in the initial central layer. Studies on the effects of temperature (constant 18 degrees C, constant 28 degrees C, transfer from 18 to 28 degrees C at hatching) were carried out according to both the developmental stage and the length of the larvae. At stage 1, no significant differences were found between the three groups for larval standard length and muscle variables. The number of fibres in one quadrant of epaxial white muscle sectioned at the level of the vent was 100–111. At stage 2, there were significant differences between groups. Larval standard length and mass were higher in the cold group than in the warm group. The transferred larvae were of intermediate standard length but had a significantly higher cross-sectional area of white muscle than either of the other two groups. This increase in surface area was related to a 50 % greater fibre number (233) in the transferred larvae compared with the cold (165) or the warm (152) larvae. The increase in fibre number was more marked for large-diameter (>20 microm) white fibres located in the initial central fibre layer (+58-72 % in transferred larvae) than in small-diameter ((less than equal to) 10 microm) white fibres mainly located in the apical layer (+18-35 %). In 26 days post-hatch samples, transferred larvae still showed a higher total number of white fibres than warm larvae, but the difference was no longer significant when the total number of white fibres was regressed against larval standard length, suggesting that this stimulation may be temporary.
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Sebesta, Judith A. "Just another Puerto Rican with a knife? Racism and reception on the Great White Way." Studies in Musical Theatre 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2007): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/smt.1.2.183_1.
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In the January/February 1998 issue ofHispanicmagazine, Robert Dominguez called the upcoming musicalThe Capemana historic event, predicting that it would precipitate more Latino-themed Broadway productions (Dominguez 1998: 84). His prediction has proven inaccurate. Musicals such asIn the Heightsnotwithstanding, this group has continued to be under-represented or misrepresented on and behind the Broadway stage. This essay explores the roles (or lack of) Latinos have played on and off the Broadway stage and contextualizes their presence/absence within larger issues of reception and race in musical theatre, leading to new hypotheses regarding the failure ofThe Capemanand pointing towards new directions for the future of Latino/a musical theatre.
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Duarte, Juliana A., Raffael Massuda, Pedro D. Goi, Mireia Vianna-Sulzbach, Rafael Colombo, Flavio Kapczinski, and Clarissa S. Gama. "White matter volume is decreased in bipolar disorder at early and late stages." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 40, no. 4 (December 2018): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0025.
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Abstract Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating mood condition that affects approximately 1.3% of people worldwide, although some studies report up to 3.9% lifetime prevalence and 4-6% in adults when broad diagnostic criteria are applied. Objective: To compare differences in total white matter (WM), corpus callosum (CC) and total gray matter (GM) volumes in patients with type I BD at early and late stages compared with controls. Methods: Fifty-five subjects were enrolled in this study protocol. The double case-control design included 14 patients with BD at early stage; 15 patients at late stage; and their respective matched controls (14 and 12 subjects). Results: CC and total WM volumes were significantly smaller in patients with BD at early and late stages vs. controls. There was no difference for total GM volume in the early stage group, but in patients at late stage total GM volume was significantly smaller than in controls. The total GM volume reduction in patients at late stage is in agreement with the neuroprogression theory of BD. The reduction of WM volumes in total WM and in the CC at early and late stages supports the possibility that an early demyelination process could occur underlying the clinical manifestation of BD. Conclusion: Our findings may direct to the investigation of WM abnormalities in populations at high risk to develop BD, perhaps as early biomarkers before the overt syndrome.
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Baker, K. Scott, James R. Anderson, Thom E. Lobe, Moody D. Wharam, Stephen J. Qualman, R. Beverly Raney, Frederick B. Ruymann, et al. "Children From Ethnic Minorities Have Benefited Equally as Other Children From Contemporary Therapy for Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group." Journal of Clinical Oncology 20, no. 22 (November 15, 2002): 4428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2002.11.131.
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PURPOSE: To define the clinical characteristics of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) occurring in children from ethnic minorities and determine whether these children have benefited equally from advances in therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of children treated on the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group protocols between 1984 and 1997. The clinical features and outcomes of 336 African-American children and 286 children from other ethnic minorities were compared with those of white children (n = 1,721). RESULTS: African-American, other ethnic group, and white children enjoyed similar 5-year failure-free survivals (FFS) of 61%, 61%, and 66%, respectively, P = .15. Compared with white children, nonwhite patients more often had (1) invasive, T2 tumors (P = .03); (2) stage 2 or 3 tumors (P = .003); (3) large tumors (more than 5 cm, P < .006); and/or (4) tumors with positive regional nodes (ie, N1, P = .002). Using Cox proportional hazards analysis, seven patient risk categories were defined with significant differences in outcome. This model was then used to search for other factors associated with FFS after adjusting for these risk categories. Only T stage and age remained associated with FFS (P = .001 and P < .001, respectively). After adjusting for T stage, risk category, and age, we explored the relationship of ethnic group to FFS and found that, compared with whites, the relative risk of failure was 1.14 for African-American patients and 1.2 for other ethnic minority patients, values that are not significantly different. CONCLUSION: Patients from ethnic minority groups more often have larger, invasive tumors with positive lymph nodes. Nevertheless, they have benefited as equally as white children from the dramatic progress in therapy of RMS.
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Massey, Philip. "What the galaxies of the Local Group tell us about massive star evolution." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 193 (1999): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900205986.
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We consider what we've learned about massive star evolution from observations of the resolved stellar content of Local Group galaxies. Studies of mixed-age (galaxy-wide) and coeval (single associations) populations reveal much about massive star evolution, and how it is controlled by metallicity, demonstrating the ‘Conti scenario’ in action! The number of WC stars to WN stars increases with increasing metallicity, as expected: in regions of higher metallicity stars of somewhat lower luminosity can evolve all the way to the WC stage. The exception is the starburst galaxy IC 10, for which I speculate that the IMF may be weighted towards high mass stars. The highest luminosity red supergiants are lacking in galaxies of higher metallicity, suggesting that the stars that would have become these RSGs are spending more of their time as WRs. The presence of luminous RSGs is highly correlated with the presence of WC and WN stars in OB associations, suggesting that many massive stars evolve through both a RSG and WR stage. The relative number of RSGs and WRs does decrease strongly with increasing metallicity, again consistent with higher metallicity systems leading to increased time in the WR phase. The various WC subclasses appear to be the result of the influence of metallicity on stellar wind structure in these stars, and are not due to to differences in mass or luminosity. Data on the field population in the Magellanic Clouds suggest that stars more massive than 30 become WRs in the LMC, while the limit may be more like 50 in the SMC, again as expected. Studies of the turn-off masses in clusters and associations in the MCs and Milky Way are nearing completion, while investigations in the more distant galaxies of the Local Group are just getting underway. For the LMC we find the following: WNE stars come from a large mass range of progenitor (30–100 ), and have very large (negative) bolometric corrections (−6 to −8 mag). The Ofpe/WN9 stars seem to come from lower mass progenitor (20–30 ), and have more modest BCs (−1 to −3 mag). WC stars come from stars with masses > 60–70 , and have BCs of −3 to −4 mag. Both ‘B2I+WN3’ systems and LBV stars like S Doradus are found only in clusters containing very high turn off masses (>70–90 ).
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Setiani, Rulik. "ENHANCING STUDENTS’ TRANSLATION ABILITY THROUGH GROUP WORK." Edukasi Lingua Sastra 18, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47637/elsa.v18i1.228.
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Translation is a compulsory subject which must be mastered by the sixth semester students of STKIP Muhammadiyah Kotabumi, by mastering this course, they automatically also must master the mastery of English vocabulary and grammar. One of the ways done by lecturer in improving the ability to translate Indonesian into English and vice versa by the application of group work technique, in this case before learning begins the lecturer needs to prepare a syllabus, semester learning plan, teaching materials, and also the media used by lecturer in the learning process of translation courses. The first step taken by the lecturer in this case is Plan, while in the main activity through group work technique, the lecturer asks students to make groups of 3 to 4 students to translate the text given by the lecturer, when they are finished, the lecturer checks the results of the group by submitting the answers or also discussed together, other ways of group work is in pairs. The lecturer also gives appreciation to each group that can answer correctly; at this stage the lecturer also observes the learning process of students. The last stage is reflection, at this stage the lecturer presents the findings during the learning process, this aims to improve the learning process in the next stage is better and increased.
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Lin, Chi, Christopher K. Brown, Charles Arthur Enke, and Fausto R. Loberiza. "Comparison of prognostic factors and survival outcome between gastrointestinal tract and cutaneous invasive malignant melanoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2012): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.618.
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618 Background: Gastrointestinal melanoma (GIM) is a rare disease. The objective of this study is to compare the overall survival (OS), cancer specific survival (CSS) and prognostic factors of GIM to those of skin melanoma (SKM) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. Methods: Patients diagnosed with invasive GIM (406) and SKM (173,622) between 1973 and 2008 were identified from the SEER database. Factors analyzed included age (18-40/41-60/61-100), gender, race (White/nonwhite), marital status, stage (localized/regional/distant), year of diagnosis (1973-87/1988-97/1998-2008), and type of treatment (radiotherapy (RT)/surgery). OS and CSS were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis examined what factors were prognostic of survival. Results: The median age was 69 and 57 for patients with GIM and SKM, respectively. The GIM group was older with more advanced-stage cancer than the SKM group. Surgery was performed on 85% and 95%, while RT was received by 18% and 2% of GIM and SKM patients, respectively. The GIM group had a median OS and CSS of 15 and 16 months, respectively, while the SKM group had a median OS of 283 months and did not reach a median CSS. Cox analysis showed that SKM had significantly lower risk of total and cancer-specific mortality compared to GIM (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.40, p<0.0001) and (HR 0.34, p<0.0001). Factors associated with improved OS and CSS in SKM included: age ≤60, female gender, non-white race, early stage, being married, more recent diagnosis, undergoing surgery and not receiving RT. Factors associated with improved OS and CSS in GIM included: age ≤60, early stage, non-white race and undergoing surgery. Subgroup analysis on patients who underwent surgery showed that lymph node status was the only prognostic factor for GIM, while all of the previously identified prognostic factors except for race were associated with OS and CSS for SKM. Conclusions: Outcomes of patients with GIM are inferior to those with SKM. The melanomas in these two sites also have different prognostic factors. Future studies should explore the reasons behind these differences to improve treatment outcomes.
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Romney, Stephanie, Nathaniel Israel, and Danijela Zlatevski. "Exploration-Stage Implementation Variation." Zeitschrift für Psychologie 222, no. 1 (January 2014): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000164.
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The present study examines the effect of agency-level implementation variation on the cost-effectiveness of an evidence-based parent training program (Positive Parenting Program: “Triple P”). Staff from six community-based agencies participated in a five-day training to prepare them to deliver a 12-week Triple P parent training group to caregivers. Prior to the training, administrators and staff from four of the agencies completed a site readiness process intended to prepare them for the implementation demands of successfully delivering the group, while the other two agencies did not complete the process. Following the delivery of each agency’s first Triple P group, the graduation rate and average cost per class graduate were calculated. The average cost-per-graduate was over seven times higher for the two agencies that had not completed the readiness process than for the four completing agencies ($7,811 vs. $1,052). The contrast in costs was due to high participant attrition in the Triple P groups delivered by the two agencies that did not complete the readiness process. The odds of Triple P participants graduating were 12.2 times greater for those in groups run by sites that had completed the readiness process. This differential attrition was not accounted for by between-group differences in participant characteristics at pretest. While the natural design of this study limits the ability to empirically test all alternative explanations, these findings indicate a striking cost savings for sites completing the readiness process and support the thoughtful application of readiness procedures in the early stages of an implementation initiative.
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Modiano, M. R., P. Villar-Werstler, J. Crowley, and S. E. Salmon. "Evaluation of race as a prognostic factor in multiple myeloma. An ancillary of Southwest Oncology Group Study 8229." Journal of Clinical Oncology 14, no. 3 (March 1996): 974–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1996.14.3.974.
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PURPOSE The objective of this investigation was to assess the impact of race (black v white) on the survival of patients with multiple myeloma treated within the context of a large clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cohort of patients randomized to receive one of two treatment regimens and monitored for at least 10 years was studied to assess the impact of race as a prognostic factor, after adjusting for other known factors such as stage of disease. Patients were recruited from the referral network of the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG), a national multiinstitutional consortium that includes both academic and community treatment centers. Patients had a diagnosis of multiple myeloma and had not previously been treated for this disease. They were carefully characterized as to demographic and clinical features, and were randomized to receive one of two treatment regimens, which proved to have virtually identical outcomes. The outcome measure was survival, measured from the date of randomization to the date of last contact. Patients still alive at last contact date were treated as censored observation. RESULTS Survival for black myeloma patients was similar to that for white patients, both overall and adjusted for prognostic factors such as stage. CONCLUSION Observed differences in mortality between blacks and whites cannot be attributed to differences in survival after diagnosis, given comparable treatment.
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Hajek, Jaroslav, Jakub Cvek, Jana Jackaninova, Eva Skacelikova, Jan Krhut, Ondrej Havranek, and David Feltl. "Is there an intermediate risk group of nonseminoma?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2013): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.323.
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323 Background: To evaluate predictive factors of testicular nonseminoma cancer. Methods: Between 2000 and 2012, 189 patients with testicular nonseminoma cancer were evaluated. Stages according to TNM classification were I, II, and III for 84 patients (60%), 49 (26%), and 56 (30%). The median age of the patients was 31 years (range 18-77 years). Treatment was based on orchiectomy plus chemotherapy (bleomycine/etoposide/cisplatin and vinblastine/ifosfamide/cisplatin) and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in residual disease. Treatment protocol was updated regularly according to international standards. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated according to the stage, Karnofsky index (KI), and dose intensity of chemotherapy with the Kaplan-Meier method at 5% significance level. Results: There was a significant difference between OS in patient with the different stages (log-rank test, p=0.000), however, detailed analysis revealed that there is significantly worse survival in stage IIIC only (10-years OS for IIIC vs. IIIA+B, 35% vs. 88%, p=0.001) while the difference among IIIB and lower stages was not significant (p=0.383) and 10-years OS was 94%. Dose intensity of chemotherapy proved to be a significant predictive factor for OS in stage IIIA+B patients. Patients with no dose reduction had a significantly higher OS than those with any kind of dose reduction (10-years OS 96% vs. 0%, log-rank test, p=0,000). In stage IIIC, however, the dose intensity had no influence on OS (log-rank test, p=0.167). Unlike dose intensity, in stage III disease KI had no prognostic significance for OS (KI<80 versus KI≥80, Log-rank test, p=0,627) and this is true both for stages IIIA+B and for stage IIIC. Conclusions: Standard of care in testicular nonseminoma cancer offers excellent prognosis with no significant differences in OS for good and intermediate risk groups. On the other hand, outcomes for stage IIIC are poor and further intensification of treatment is warranted. We have found no impact of performance status on OS neither for stage IIIA+IIIB nor stage IIIC. Reduction of chemotherapy dose has a negative impact on OS in patients with stage IIIA+IIIB and should be avoided if possible.
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Kosev, Valentin, and Viliana Vasileva. "Comparative biological characteristic of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties." Genetika 51, no. 1 (2019): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1901275k.
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The study was conducted in 2014-2016 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Aboveground and root biomass plant material of seven white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties different originated was analyzed in two phenological stages. Plants were analyzed for height, fresh weight, number of leaves, nodule number and nodule weight in the beginning of flowering stage, and for number of pods, number of seeds and seed weight in the technical maturity stage. Degree of earliness of varieties was assessing as well. The group of ultra early varieties can be defined PI533704 and Zuter varieties with coefficient of earliness 1.00, to early - PI368911, PI457938 and KALI (coefficient of earliness 1.25), and to late Lucky801 and PI457923 (coefficient of earliness >1.66). A strong positive correlation was found between the seed productivity with number of seeds per plant (r=0.943) and plant height (r=0.765); close relationship of fresh aboveground mass weight with plant height (r=0.822), number of leaves (r=0.965) and fresh root mass weight (r=0.876). The varieties of interest for breeding were selected by different signs. It was concluded that the number and weight of nodules as well fresh root mass weight can be used as selection criteria for creating varieties with a higher symbiotic nitrogen fixation potential.
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Kim, Agnès. "Validation of asteroseismic fitting with the new white dwarf evolution code." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S357 (October 2019): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921320001027.
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AbstractThe new version of the White Dwarf Evolution Code (Bischoff-Kim & Montgomery 2018) overcomes limitations of earlier versions by utilizing MESA modules for the equations of state and opacities, now allowing regions of the model with a mix of helium, carbon, and oxygen. This single improvement allows us to almost exactly replicate models output by other stellar evolution codes. Armed with this new capability, we use as a star to fit, a hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf model from the La Plata group (using the LPCODE). We present results of fitting different subsets of periods for that model. This allows us some validation of our fitting methods, knowing exactly what properties we should be recovering in our best fit model.
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Lenka, Abhishek, Madhura Ingalhalikar, Apurva Shah, Jitender Saini, Shyam Sundar Arumugham, Shantala Hegde, Lija George, Ravi Yadav, and Pramod Kumar Pal. "Abnormalities in the white matter tracts in patients with Parkinson disease and psychosis." Neurology 94, no. 18 (April 21, 2020): e1876-e1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009363.
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ObjectiveThe objective of the current study was to compare the microstructural integrity of the white matter (WM) tracts in patients having Parkinson disease (PD) with and without psychosis (PD-P and PD-NP) through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 48 PD-NP and 42 PD-P who were matched for age, sex, and education. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to compare several DTI metrics from the diffusion-weighted MRIs obtained through a 3-Tesla scanner. A set of neuropsychological tests was used for the cognitive evaluation of all patients.ResultsThe severity and stage of PD were not statistically different between the groups. The PD-P group performed poorly in all the neuropsychological domains compared with the PD-NP group. TBSS analysis revealed widespread patterns of abnormality in the fractional anisotropy (FA) in the PD-P group, which also correlated with some of the cognitive scores. These tracts include inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, right parieto-occipital WM, body of the corpus callosum, and corticospinal tract.ConclusionThis study provides novel insights into the putative role of WM tract abnormalities in the pathogenesis of PD-P by demonstrating significant alterations in several WM tracts. Additional longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the findings of our research.
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Dahanayaka, N., S. Agampodi S, U. Kodithuwakku, S. Vithanage, R. Rajapakse, K. Ranathunga, and S. Siribaddana. "Dengue and fluid leakage: is white cell count, platelet count and liver transaminases significantly different in fluid leakage group throughout hospital stay?" Anuradhapura Medical Journal 9, no. 2Supp (October 28, 2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/amj.v9i2supp.7559.
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Heber, U., K. Hunger, and K. Werner. "NLTE Analysis and Chemical Composition of Hot Low-Mass Stars." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 132 (1988): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900035336.
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Spectroscopic analyses of hot pre-white dwarfs, i.e. subluminous O and B stars, are presented. In the B-type stars, the resulting abundance patterns are indicative of atmospheric diffusion (gravitational settling). Amongst the O-type subdwarfs, a new group of comparatively luminous stars is identified. Their position in the HR-diagram suggests that, unlike the “classical” sdOs, they are in a post-AGB stage of evolution. Spectroscopic evidence is presented showing that the born-again post-AGB star scenario of Iben et al. (1983) can explain their origin.
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Trinova, Zulvia, and Sri Dalena. "COOPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGY TYPE STAD IN TEACHING ISLAMIC EDUCATION SUBJECT (PAI) AT SMPN 3 LENGAYANG." Ta'dib 20, no. 2 (June 11, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/jt.v20i1.598.
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SMPN 3 Lengayang has applied STAD as a type of cooperative learning to improve students’ passiveness. The learning is initiated by forming study groups and assigning tasks to be discussed together. However, in fact the learning is not effective that the students still can not understand the materials properly. It is noticable that the tasks given have been done by one student only, meanwhile the others are less serious and rely on those who are willing to do the group work. This is a field reasearch which describes the implementation of STAD in teaching PAI qualitatively. Data collection techniques used are in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. As the result; 1) the planning of STAD strategy in teaching PAI at SMPN 3 Lengayang does not yet fulfill the requirement such as in organizing teaching materials (systematic/systematic demands with unsuitable time allocation), and detail of learning scenario (strategy step / method at each stage not clearly illustrated). 2) the implementation of STAD type in teaching PAI at SMPN 3 Lengayang is not fully implemented from the six STAD type cooperative learning steps, namely on teamwork and quiz, and 3) the evaluation in STAD type co-operative learning at SMPN 3 Lengayang is a written test or in the form of quiz. In addition, a test through a special quiz for individual assessment while group assessment is taken from group work. Especially the group with the highest score is given an additional mark.
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Silber, Jeffrey H., Paul R. Rosenbaum, Amy Sanders Clark, Min Wang, Yun Teng, Richard N. Ross, Justin Ludwig, et al. "Racial disparities in breast cancer survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 6000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6000.
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6000 Background: Reducing racial disparities in breast cancer survival has been a federal priority since the early 1990’s. We present a new method to assess disparities using sequential multivariate matching. We ask if racial disparities have increased or decreased over time and if so, what were potential reasons for such changes. Methods: We studied all women over 65 years of age in the Medicare fee for service system diagnosed with breast cancer between 1991 and 2005 who were treated in one of 12 SEER sites (the sites in SEER since 1991). There were 5,251 black patients (74% early stage (I-III), 9% late stage (IV) and 17% missing stage) and 72,695 white patients (81% early stage, 5% late stage and 14% missing stage). All black cases represented the focal group for all matches. Using multivariate matching and the propensity score, white controls were matched to blacks in steps: (1) White controls matched to black cases on age and year of diagnosis; (2) Age, year of diagnosis, and stage; (3): Age, year, stage, estrogen receptor status, grade, and 30 comorbidities. We then compare 5-year survival in the Pre and Post-Taxane periods (1991-1998, 1999-2005). Results: When whites were matched to blacks on age and diagnosis year, 5-year Kaplan-Meier survival was 69.2% vs. 56.7%, P < 0.0001. Matching additionally on stage, differences = 64.1% vs. 56.7%, P < 0.0001; Matching further on tumor characteristics and 30 comorbidities, the disparity reduced to 61.6% vs. 56.7%, P < 0.0001. Comparing trends over time, white-black differences in survival matched for age and year were 67.6% vs. 55.2% (P < 0.0001) in the pre-Taxane era (difference = 12.4%) and 71.2% vs. 58.7% (P < 0.0001) in the post Taxane era (difference = 12.5%); age and year matched paired racial differences were not different across eras (P = 0.389). Conclusions: While there may have been some improvements in overall survival, racial disparities in breast cancer survival have not improved, despite important policy initiatives and treatment advances. Adjusting for presentation at diagnosis does reduce differences in survival, but even these differences remain large and significant, suggesting that differences in both presentation and treatment given presentation are contributing to this disparity.
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Hoyer, D., T. Rauch, K. Werner, and J. W. Kruk. "Search for trans-iron elements in hot, helium-rich white dwarfs with the HST Cosmic Origins Spectrograph." Astronomy & Astrophysics 612 (April 2018): A62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732401.
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The metal abundances in the atmospheres of hot white dwarfs (WDs) entering the cooling sequence are determined by the preceding Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) evolutionary phase and, subsequently, by the onset of gravitational settling and radiative levitation. In this paper, we investigate three hot He-rich WDs, which are believed to result from a late He-shell flash. During such a flash, the He-rich intershell matter is dredged up and dominates the surface chemistry. Hence, in contrast to the usual H-rich WDs, their spectra allow direct access to s-process element abundances in the intershell that were synthesized during the AGB stage. In order to look for trans-iron group elements (atomic number Z > 29), we performed a non-local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmosphere analysis of new ultraviolet spectra taken with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. One of our program stars is of PG 1159 spectral type; this star, PG 1707+427, has effective temperature Teff = 85 000 K, and surface gravity logg = 7.5. The two other stars are DO white dwarfs: WD 0111+002 has Teff = 58 000 K and log g = 7.7, and PG 0109+111 has Teff = 70 000 K and log g = 8.0. These stars trace the onset of element diffusion during early WD evolution. While zinc is the only trans-iron element we could detect in the PG 1159 star, both DOs exhibit lines from Zn, Ga, Ge, Se; one additionally exhibits lines from Sr, Sn, Te, and I and the other from As. Generally, the trans-iron elements are very abundant in the DOs, meaning that radiative levitation must be acting. Most extreme is the almost six orders of magnitude oversolar abundance of tellurium in PG 0109+111. In terms of mass fraction, it is the most abundant metal in the atmosphere. The two DOs join the hitherto unique hot DO RE 0503−289, in which 14 trans-iron elements had even been identified.
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Yeung, Edward C., Claudio Stasolla, and Lisheng Kong. "Apical meristem formation during zygotic embryo development of white spruce." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-042.
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The first notable sign of shoot and root meristem development in zygotic embryos of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) was the appearance of starch in the respective poles of the embryo. Starch granules gradually accumulated in the subapical cells of the shoot pole and were soon followed by vacuolation in the subapical cells. Vacuolation reached its highest degree in these cells at the early embryo stage. With the formation of the large vacuolated cells, the surface cell layer at the summit of the shoot pole enlarged and differentiated into the surface initials of the shoot meristem. These cells were large with distinct nuclei. As the embryo matured, the large vacuoles within the subapical cells were replaced by small ones with a concomitant increase in the cytoplasmic density of the subapical cells. After germination, the surface initials remained distinct; however, the subapical cells had different fates depending on their location. The subapical cells located next to the surface initials became the central mother cells of the shoot meristem and those located near the cotyledon junction divided periclinally and gave rise to the epicotyl rib meristem. The remaining subapical cells near the procambium became part of the pith. In the root pole, starch could be found in the cap region terminating underneath the developing procambium at the club-shaped stage of embryo development. Two layers of root initials appeared at the junction between the developing procambium and the root cap. The initials were distinct as they were larger in size than surrounding cells. Cell division activity could not be detected in the layer of initials immediately next to the procambium, while mitotic activity could be seen in the adjoining layer next to the root cap. As the embryo matured, cells surrounding the root initials also took on structural characteristics similar to the root meristem initials. As a result, the region of the root meristem initials expanded in size, and the bilayered configuration became obscure. After germination, mitotic figures could be found in the root initials. As seedling continued to grow, fewer mitotic figures could be found in the root meristem cells adjacent to the procambium pole. In roots of mature plants, a group of isodiametric cells could be discerned between the procambium and the root cap. Mitotic activity was not readily detected within this group of isodiametric cells but mitotic figures could be found in surrounding cells.Key words: apical meristems, Picea glauca, white spruce, zygotic embryogenesis.
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Aleksanin, S., S. Serebryakova, and I. Levashkina. "Neocortex (Frontal and Temporal Lobe) Discirculatory Lesions of the Chernobyl Accident Liquidators at the Remote Period (Based on Diffusion Tensor MRI Data)." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 65, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-4-43-47.
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Purpose: To find the distinctive features of the white matter tracts’ structural changes for Chernobyl accident liquidators with ebcephalopathy at the remote period using DT-MRI methods.
Material and methods: Chernobyl accident liquidators group (41 subjects) and group of control (49 subjects), all subjects with stage II of encephalopathy, mean age of liquidators’ group 68.3 ± 6.9 years, gropup of control — 68.6 ± 5.8 years. All subjects were clinically examined to confirm encephalopathy stage, hypertension, diabetes (and prove patients of both groups have comparable level of damage of those deseases), as well as with routine MRI and DT-MRI protocols. According routine MRI results, all subjects of both groups had high level of discirculatory damages: multifocal lesions of white matter and periventricular leukoaraiosis, mixed replacement hydrocephalus.
Results: Liquidator’s group average fraction anisotropy coefficient (CFA) had shown statistically significant reduction in four frontal and temporal lobe tracts of neocortex if compare with average CFA in the group of control: superior longitudinal fasciculi (р < 0.02); front sections of corona radiata (р < 0.02); anterior horn of internal capsule (р < 0.01), inferior longitudinal fasciculi (р < 0.01).
Conclusion: Frontal and temporal lobe tracts of neocortex, responsible for cognitive processes, are the most sensible to accident liquidation negative factors. Cerebral structure changes, found for group of liquidators, are similar to elder people with encephalopathy, but are clnically more strongly marked, what proves hyoptesis of early aging of liquidators’ brain structures.
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Wydooghe, Eline, Leen Vandaele, Sofie Piepers, Jeroen Dewulf, Etienne Van den Abbeel, Petra De Sutter, and Ann Van Soom. "Individual commitment to a group effect: strengths and weaknesses of bovine embryo group culture." REPRODUCTION 148, no. 5 (November 2014): 519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-14-0213.
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Recently, new culture devices such as Corral and Primo Vision dishes have been designed for the culture of human embryos to allow the combination of group culture plus follow-up of individual embryos. Bovine inseminated oocytes were allocated to Primo Vision dishes, Corral dishes, individual culture or classical group culture. Blastocyst development in Primo Vision dishes was similar to classical group culture (34.3 and 39.0% respectively), and better than Corral dishes or individual culture (28.9 and 28.5% respectively). In Primo Vision dishes, a higher number of ‘slow’ embryos developed to the blastocyst stage compared with their individually cultured counterparts, while no differences were observed for ‘fast’ embryos. ‘Slow’ embryos in a ‘standard drop’ had a higher chance of becoming a blastocyst compared with individual culture (OR: 2.3), whereas blastulation of ‘fast’ embryos was less efficient in a ‘delayed drop’ than in individual culture (OR: 0.3). The number of non-cleaved embryos in Primo Vision dishes did not negatively influence blastocyst development. Likewise, removing non-cleaved embryos (NC removed) and regrouping the cleaved embryos afterwards (ReGR) did not affect blastocyst development and quality compared with group culture in Primo Vision dishes (CTRL, 31.6%, NC removed, 29.3% and ReGR, 29.6%). The experiments revealed that group culture of bovine embryos in Primo Vision dishes is superior to individual culture, primarily because of the higher blastocyst rate achieved by slow embryos. Non-cleaved or arrested embryos do not hamper the ability of co-cultured bovine embryos to reach the blastocyst stage in group culture.
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Khairkhah, Zeinab, Ahmad Borjali, and Faramarz Sohrabi. "Effectiveness of Group Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy on Reducing Depression." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 43 (November 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.43.1.
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The present research was done with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group Cognitive – Behavioral therapy on reducing depression and its subscales (emotional symptoms, cognitive symptoms and physical symptoms) among the wives of the martyrs in the city of Tehran. First, 200 wives of the martyrs were randomly selected from among the wives of the martyrs who had referred to the counseling center of the Foundation of Martyrs and the questionnaire of depression was administered on them. The subjects whose level of depression was higher than the average level were determined and from among them 60 people were randomly chosen and later they were divided into two equal groups and from these two groups, by drawing one group was selected as the experimental and the other was selected as the control group. In the pretest stage, the questionnaire was administered on the subjects and the experimental group was placed under training, i.e. group cognitive-behavioral therapy, while the control group received no such therapy. In the posttest stage, the questionnaire of depression was carried out on both groups and one month later, the follow up stage was administered. Findings revealed that training group cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective on decreasing depression on the wives of the martyrs in Tehran. Findings also indicated depression among the experimental group and in the follow up stage they enjoyed necessary constancy. It is concluded that the group cognitive-behavioral therapy has considerably diminished depression among the wives.
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Pritchard, J., J. Imeson, J. Barnes, S. Cotterill, D. Gough, H. B. Marsden, P. Morris-Jones, and D. Pearson. "Results of the United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group first Wilms' Tumor Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 13, no. 1 (January 1995): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1995.13.1.124.
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PURPOSE The first United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group (UKCCSG) Wilms' Tumor Trial (UKW1) applied treatment regimens stratified by stage and histology in accordance with National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS) criteria, seeking to reduce treatment of low-stage, favorable-histology (FH) tumors without impairing survival and to improve prognosis of stage III and IV (FH) and unfavorable-histology (UH) tumors with more intensive chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred eighty-four consecutively diagnosed patients with Wilms' tumor were recruited from the 20 UKCCSG centers and Oslo, Norway, between January 1980 and June 1986. The regimen for stage I patients was vincristine (Vcr) only, while stage II patients received Vcr and dactinomycin (Act-D). Stage III patients received three-drug therapy and stage IV and UH patients four-drug regimens. Act-D was given as pulsed doses of 1.5 mg/m2 every 3 or every 6 weeks. No lung irradiation was used in stage IV patients. No randomized comparisons were attempted. End points were survival and event-free survival (EFS). RESULTS Survival at 6 years in FH patients was 96% for stage I, 93% for stage II, 83% for stage III, 65% for stage IV, and 50% for UH patients of all stages. CONCLUSION Vcr alone is as effective for stage I FH tumors as the two-drug regimen used in the NWTS and International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) studies. Fractionation of Act-D is unnecessary. The poorer results for stage IV FH and UH patients compared with the NWTS may be due to treatment differences, such as the use of lung irradiation for stage IV FH patients in NWTS3, and/or to case selection bias.
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Diab, Maria, Lana Khalil, Subir Goyal, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Olatunji B. Alese, Mehmet Akce, Christina Wu, Bassel F. El-Rayes, and Walid Labib Shaib. "Treatment outcomes for stage T1b-2 esophagogastric adenocarcinomas." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16085-e16085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16085.
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e16085 Background: Treatment of localized esophageal, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), and stomach cancer is neoadjuvant therapy with either chemoradiation or chemotherapy followed by surgery. Treatment for T1b-2 stage disease is not well evaluated and this stage is underrepresented in prospective studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate survival outcomes among the three treatment modalities (neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT), and upfront surgery (US)) in this population using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Methods: Patients (pts) with clinical stage T1b-2N0 and any pathological stage (excluding metastatic) adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, GEJ, and stomach treated with neoadjuvant therapy or upfront surgery, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (AC), were identified between 2004 and 2015 in the NCDB. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted, and Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the association between the three treatment modalities and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 2260 pts were analyzed. The median follow-up was 66.6 months. The median age was 67 years. Most pts were White (86%) and male (77%). 1018 (45%) had moderately-differentiated grade, while 946 (42%) had poorly-differentiated/undifferentiated grade. The most common site of disease was the lower third of esophagus (34.1%). 161 pts (7%) received NACT, of whom 45 pts received AC; 537 pts (24%) received NACRT, of whom 40 pts received AC. 1562 pts (69%) underwent US, of whom 146 pts received AC. US with AC was associated with the best survival, followed by NACT with AC; median OS was 90.1 and 86.8 months for surgery with AC and NACT with AC, respectively. NACRT was associated with the worst survival (39.5 and 40.2 months with and without AC, respectively). The 5-year OS rates were 59.8%, 58.5%, 52.1%, 44.9%, 37.3%, and 37.8%, for US, NACT, and NACRT, with and without AC, respectively. The rate of tumor upstaging was highest in the NACT group, followed by the NACRT group, and lowest in the US group. Postsurgically, 62 (39%) and 48 (30%) pts in the NACT group and 198 (37%) and 161 (30%) pts in the NACRT group had upstaging in their T and N stages, respectively, compared to 214 (13%) and 326 (21%) pts in the US group. For the 1107 pts who also had pathological T1b-2N0 stage disease following US, no difference in survival was observed with or without AC. Conclusions: Upfront surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy and perioperative chemotherapy are associated with the best survival compared to preoperative radiotherapy. This is the largest study to address the best approach for the treatment of T1b-2 stage disease.
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Baig, Faiqa Saleem, Nadeem Shahzad, Hafiza Naveeda Khurshid, and Aisha Malik. "POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 06 (June 10, 2015): 793–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.06.1251.
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The most common complication 0f the third stage of labour is postpartumhaemorrhage, which remains a leading cause of maternal mortality (25.0%), especially indeveloping countries. In developed countries, 3-5% of deliveries are complicated by postpartumhaemorrhage: in developing countries, it is 50 times more common .Third stage of labourwhich exceeds 30 minutes is associated with a significant risk of postpartum haemorrhage andpuerperal infection. The best preventive strategy for these complications is active managementof third stage of labour. Active management includes administration of oxytocin within oneminute of birth of baby. Objectives: To compare the mean blood loss after administration ofintra umbilical oxytocin versus intravenous oxytocin at anterior shoulder for active managementof third stage of labour. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Period: Six months from1-1-2013 to 30-06-2013. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit-III JinnahHospital Lahore. Methodology: 100 patients fulfilling selection criteria were included in thestudy from labour room. These patients were randomly divided into two groups by usinglottery method. Group-A, 50 patients were administered 10 units of oxytocin diluted in 20ml ofnormal saline intraumbilically and group-B, 50 patients were administered 5 units of oxytocinintravenous stat at anterior shoulder. Total blood loss was noted after complete delivery ofplacenta. Results: Mean age was 25.0±3.9 and 24.4±3.5 in group-A and B, respectively. Meangestational age was 38.20±0.96 weeks in group-A and 38.40±0.94 weeks in group-B. Meanblood loss in intraumbilical oxytocin group was 311.20±27.23 ml and in intravenous oxytocingroup mean blood loss was 373.60±66.47 ml. There was statistically significant differencebetween two groups (p<0.001). In group-A 15 patients (30.0%) and in group-B 20 patients(40.0%) were primigravida while remaining patients were multigravida. Conclusion: The usageof intraumbilical oxytocin in active management of third stage of labour is beneficial in reducingthe blood loss in third stage and thus helps in preventing postpartum haemorrhage.
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Leon, S., F. Combes, and T. K. Menon. "Molecular Gas in Hickson Compact Groups." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 186 (1999): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900113282.
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Compact groups are ideal sites to study the influence of strong dynamical evolution due to environment on molecular cloud formation and star formation efficiency. We have observed 70 galaxies belonging to 45 Hickson compact groups (HCGs) in the 12CO(1→0) and 12CO(2→1) lines, in order to determine their molecular content. We compare the gas content relative to blue and LFIR luminosities of galaxies in compact groups with respect to other samples in the literature, including various environments and morphological types. We find that there is some hint, of enhanced MH2/LB and Mdust/LB ratios in the galaxies from compact group with respect to our control sample, especially for the most compact groups, suggesting that tidal interactions can drive the gas component inwards, by removing its angular momentum, and concentrating it in the dense central regions, where it is easily detected. The threshold at 20–30 kpc in mean galaxy separation for the enhancement of H2 suggests that it must correspond to an acceleration of the merging process and a significant inward gas flow. The molecular gas content in compact group galaxies is similar to that in pairs and starburst samples. However, the total LFIR luminosity of HCGs is quite similar to that of the control sample, and therefore the star formation efficiency appears lower than in the control galaxies. However this assumes that the FIR spatial distributions are similar in both samples which is not the case at radio frequencies. Higher spatial resolution FIR data are needed to make a valid comparison. Given their short dynamical friction time-scale, it is possible that some of these systems are in the final stage before merging, leading to ultraluminous starburst phases. We also find for all galaxy samples that the H2 content (normalized to blue luminosity) is strongly correlated with LFIR, while the total gas content (H2+HI) is not.
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Gunawan, I. Made Agus Oka, Gede Indrawan, and Sariyasa Sariyasa. "PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI KEMAJUAN AKADEMIK MENGGUNAKAN MODEL INCREMENTAL BERBASIS EVALUASI USABILITY DAN WHITE BOX TESTING." SINTECH (Science and Information Technology) Journal 4, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31598/sintechjournal.v4i1.661.
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This research aims to develop an Academic Progress Information System (SIsKA) in the Computer Science Study Program, Postgraduate Program at Ganesha University of Education. The incremental development model is used in the development of SIsKA. The evaluation stage is carried out using the Focus Group Discussions technique to validate user input for the development stage. Evaluation was carried out on 20 respondents, who were selected using simple random sampling technique from active SIsKA users. Testing of the SIsKA development code is also carried out using White Box Testing. The results of the evaluation of phase 1 and phase 2 of development succeeded in providing recommendations for improvements according to user needs. The evaluation results from phase 3 of development show that SIsKA is in accordance with user needs. The results of the White Box test show that all lecturer page functions are at a simple level. Future development and evaluation can focus on improving the complexity of the 14 functions on the administrator and student pages, as well as analyzing data security related to SIsKA.
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Wang, Cheng, Haotian Qin, Guangyun Lai, Gang Zheng, Huazhong Xiang, Jun Wang, and Dawei Zhang. "Automated classification of dual channel dental imaging of auto-fluorescence and white lightby convolutional neural networks." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 13, no. 04 (May 7, 2020): 2050014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545820500145.
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Prevention is the most effective way to reduce dental caries. In order to provide a simple way to achieve oral healthcare direction in daily life, dual Channel, portable dental Imaging system that combine white light with autofluorescence techniques was established, and then, a group of volunteers were recruited, 7200 tooth pictures of different dental caries stage and dental plaque were taken and collected. In this work, a customized Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been designed to classify dental image with early stage caries and dental plaque. Eighty percentage ([Formula: see text]) of the pictures taken were used to supervised training of the CNNs based on the experienced dentists’ advice and the rest 20% ([Formula: see text]) were used to a test dataset to test the trained CNNs. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated to evaluate performance of the CNNs. The accuracy for the early stage caries and dental plaque were 95.3% and 95.9%, respectively. These results shown that the designed image system combined the customized CNNs that could automatically and efficiently find early caries and dental plaque on occlusal, lingual and buccal surfaces. Therefore, this will provide a novel approach to dental caries prevention for everyone in daily life.
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Chen, Jimin, Yanrui Zhang, Tongtong Yang, Huina Wang, Jing Guo, Xiayuan Liang, Feng Lou, Shanbo Cao, and Chuanjun Du. "Molecular profile of early-stage and advanced-stage of renal cell cancer in China." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e16071-e16071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e16071.
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e16071 Background: The mutation spectrum has been extensively studied in Renal Cell Cancer (RCC), a heterogeneous disease. While major investigations have focused on metastatic RCC (mRCC). This study intended to explore the molecular characteristics between early-stage (stage I/Ⅱ) and advanced-stage (Ⅲ/Ⅳ) of RCC patients (pts). Methods: 36 tumor specimens were obtained from individual pts diagnosed RCC, including 22 tissues paired with blood samples. Somatic mutations were identified via targeted next generation sequencing with Acornmed panel including 808 genes associated with tumor development. Sequencing data were analyzed to call tumor specific single nucleotide variants (SNV), small insertions and deletions (InDels), copy number alterations (CNA) and chromosomal rearrangements. Clinical data of a cohort from TCGA who had RCC was collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 36 pts enrolled, 61% were early-stage group and 39% were advanced-stage group. The most frequently mutated genes in RCC were VHL (50%), PBRM1 (14%), BAP1 (11%), TP53 (11%) and PIK3CA (6%). Truncating mutations were the most frequent alterations accounting for 66% (33/50) of genetic alterations. Mutations in VHL, BAP1, PBRM1 and TP53 were shared by both early and advanced RCC. While mutations in PIK3CA, CDKN2C, EGFR, FAMCA, GRIN2A, KDM6A, SOX17, TSC1 and APC were only detected in early stage group. KNSTRN, KRAS, MYD88, NF2, ATM, PTEN and STAT5B mutations were only detected in advanced group. Among 22 plasma samples, genomic alterations were detected in 40.9% (9/22) of pts postoperatively, such as TP53, PIK3CA, PTEN, and APC. Functional annotation clustering revealed that 4/9 in these genes were tumor suppressors, which negatively regulated apoptosis. Pts with genomic alterations in TP53 (p = 0.0034), PIK3CA (p = 0.0015) or PTEN (p = 0.00017) had worse OS significantly (TCGA). Conclusions: VHL, PBRM1, BAP1 were the most important driver genes mainly detected in all stages of RCC. The heterogeneity between early and advanced-stage may be related with clinical status. Gene alterations in plasma ctDNA postoperatively should have the potential to stratify patients with different prognostic outcome.
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Handler, G., M. A. Wood, and A. Nitta. "Towards Ensemble Asteroseismology of the Pulsating DB White Dwarf Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 185 (2002): 608–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100017231.
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The origin of the helium-atmosphere DB white dwarfs is still a matter of debate. In particular, the question is unresolved whether binary evolution produces a significant number of DBs. The pulsating DB white dwarfs (DBV stars) offer a complementary insight into this problem through asteroseismology; DBs descending from binaries will have different interior structures than DBs originating from single stars (Nitta & Winget, 1998).GD 358 is by far the best-observed pulsating DBV star, and the only one for which asteroseismology has been performed to date. This star’s structure has been shown to be inconsistent with an origin from binary evolution (Nitta & Winget, 1998), but most of the other DBVs are relatively poorly studied.We therefore analysed archival data on all DBVs and obtained new measurements of stars with very little data available (Table 1), firstly to identify suitable targets for asteroseismological investigations and secondly to examine the pulsation spectra of the DBVs as a group, following the works of Clemens (1994) and Kleinman (1995) on the pulsating DA white dwarfs. Our study also produced new seismological results on individual stars and promising targets for future Whole Earth Telescope (WET, Nather et al., 1990) runs.