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1

DelConte, Matthew T. "Who speaks, who listens, who acts a new model for understanding narrative /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1055173633.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.<br>Document formatted into pages; contains x, 217 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 210-217). Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2006 June 3.
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2

Castillo, II Ramon Francisco. "Higher Education in Native American Communities: Who Graduates and Why?" BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2664.

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In this case study, I examine the graduation patterns of students attending Chief Dull Knife College located on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation in Lame Deer, Montana. While comparing the characteristics of students attending this college with that of two-year colleges nationally and tribal schools throughout the nation, we begin to understand the unique situation that this community faces. With the use of logistic and linear regressions, I explored the characteristics of those who graduate and ask the question, who graduates and what makes them unique? This study found that the credits attempted per semester, the number of credits they earned divided by the number of credits they attempted, and the number of semesters enrolled were the most significant factors. Using the information collected from the literature review, this study then used linear regressions to explore the effects of the initial variables on these three significant variables.
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3

Viotti, Paul R. "Who cares about inequality? : liberalism and distributive justice in America /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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4

Ramon-Sauberan, Jacelle Erin. "Who is Dr. Bernard "Bunny" Fontana." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613553.

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This thesis is a biographical life history of Dr. Bernard "Bunny" Fontana who was a cultural anthropologist, archaeologist, field researcher, writer, historian, a co-founder of a non-profit organization, a father, a husband and a friend. He spent his life writing about the Southwest primarily the Papago Tribe which is now known as the Tohono O'odham Nation (TON). In addition, he maintained a unique relationship with many O'odham people especially in the San Xavier community for nearly six decades, which is not something you hear every day. Prior to this thesis there has never been an extensive biography about Bunny nor has it ever been told from an O'odham's perspective. Furthermore, this thesis does not critique his work but instead dives into discovering "Who Is Dr. Bernard "Bunny" Fontana?"
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5

Nguyen, Tuyen D. "Psychological stresses in Indochinese youths who are in the cultural-identity search in America." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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6

Green, Wallace Coleman Jr. "The Visitor Who Never Comes: Emerson and Friendship." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625830.

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7

Jenkins, Danny R. "British North Americans who fought in the American Civil War, 1861-1865." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6698.

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Between 33,000 and 55,000 British North Americans (BNAs) fought in the American Civil War. Historians though, have largely overlooked or misinterpreted the BNAs' contribution. Most historical accounts portray BNAs as mercenaries, bounty jumpers, or as the victims of press gangs. Many works imply that most BNAs were kidnapped, or drugged and hauled while unconscious across the border to "volunteer." We are also told that BNAs expended enormous amounts of energy attempting to secure their discharges, and of necessity, had to be placed under guard to prevent their desertion. Nowhere, however, are we informed about average BNAs. Most were neither victims nor abusers of the American recruitment system. Unfortunately, their large and significant contributions to the Union's war effort are all but lost, as historians have tried to capture the more exciting and extraordinary side of BNA recruitment. Such an unbalanced portrayal of BNAs characterizes them as inferior soldiers, and that is a disservice to both BNAs, and to the units in which they served. Much of the misunderstanding surrounding BNAs stems from the lack of a common definition for BNA, and through a failure by researchers to appreciate the significance of the changing nature of the Civil War soldiers' enlistment motivations. My study, on the other hand, concentrates on average BNAs and, in the process, tries to come to grips with their true reasons for enlisting. In the end, the payoff is a more balanced depiction of BNA troops; and the discovery that BNAs were not a homogeneous group of men. There were two basic types: those who resided in the United States before their enlistment, and those who crossed the frontier from the British provinces to volunteer. Both types were willing recruits, but otherwise they showed unique characteristics and enrollment behaviour. American resident BNAs enlisted in patterns much like their American neighbours and friends, while British North American resident BNAs were, in the main, driven by the enlistment bounty. The distinction is important if a better understanding of BNAs is to be achieved.
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8

Wiley, Marilyn. "Spirituality Among African American Christian Women Who Have Contemplated." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3218.

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that African American women had the lowest recorded number of suicide completions among all ethnic and gender groups in the United States. In addition, the number of suicides among African American women continued to soar without a clear reason or understanding of their lowest completion rates. Further research in the area of spirituality among African American women may be critical in understanding why African American women's rates of completed suicides are statistically lower than other ethnic groups and how to prevent future rate increases. A phenomenological framework was used to examine the thoughts and opinions of African American Christian women on whether or not religion plays a vital part during the contemplation phase of suicidal ideations and on their reasons for living. The study explored the low rates of suicide completions among African American women from a religious and spiritual perspective. Fifteen African American Christian women who had contemplated suicide were recruited via flyers posted at a local church campus. Participants were individually interviewed about their lived experiences during suicidal behaviors. After the interviews were transcribed, data were coded by assigning numbers to common themes and placing the common themes into categories. The results indicated that among the small sample of 15 participants, religion and spirituality are highly considered as being a protective factor against repeated suicidal behavior, followed by family relationships, when compared to other reasons for living. The least likely protective factor was financial status. The findings suggest that spirituality can be used as a preventative measure to lower the risk of suicide completions among African American Christian women.
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9

Martinez-Metcalf, Rosario. "Concerns of Hispanic Women Who Attend Community College." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331036/.

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This study is concerned with the problem of determining and analyzing the characteristics and concerns of Hispanic women who are enrolled in a large metropolitan community college district. The purposes include (1) the description of demographic data on these Hispanic women in terms of (a) specific group ethnicity, (b) marital status, (c) estimated total income, (d) age, (e) number of hours currently enrolled, (f) number of dependent children, (g) number of hours employed per week, and (h) language usage (English or Spanish); (2) identification of the concerns of these students; (3) determination of the degree of concern as reported by these Hispanic women students regarding specific problems; (4) assessment of the relationships between the demographic characteristics and the degrees of concern about specific problems. The study population sample is composed of 748 Hispanic female students from the Tarrant County Community College District enrolled for at least one credit hour during the Fall Semester of the 1984-1985 academic year. The sample for the study is 400 randomly selected students from this population. A survey instrument originally developed by Kathie Beckman Smallwood was revised for this study and produced a 52.25 per cent response return. Response frequencies and percentages were gathered to show degree of concern for each problem and the characteristics of the Hispanic female students. Mean scores to show the average degree of concern are also reported for each potential problem. Chi square contingency coefficient was used to show every possible association between concerns and demographic variables. The findings indicate that Hispanic female students concerns are academically and career oriented. Respondents indicate that getting a good job after graduation is their primary concern. Ability to succeed in college is the second highest reported concern followed by knowing how to study efficiently. Seventy four per cent of the respondents are Mexican-American, three-fourths are part-time students, over half are working from 21-40 hours per week, and over half report an estimated total family annual income of under $15,000. The lower the income, the greater the degree of concern for several problems.
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10

Davis, Ari A. "Who Speaks for Israel? J Street and the Rise of the Pro-Peace Israel Lobby in America." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/488.

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In the past five years J Street, a pro-peace, pro-Israel Israel Lobby, has grown to challenge AIPAC’s dominance in lobbying Congress to support Israel. Although still small in comparison to AIPAC, J Street has become influential in opening up dialogue among American Jews on what it means to be pro-Israel in today’s world. By openly criticizing conservative Israeli policy J Street has created an environment where liberal American Jews can support both Israel and a two state solution with a Palestinian state. This paper examines American Jewish activism and the rise of AIPAC as the predominant Israel Lobby. It then argues that over the years AIPAC has supported expansionist Likud Party policy and has undermined Labor Party peace attempts. It has viciously attacked any person or organization critical of conservative Israeli policy. This paper then investigates opinion polls of American Jews and finds that, contrary to AIPAC, the majority of Jewish Americans are liberal and support a two state solution similar to J Street’s position. It then examines how J Street overcame an onslaught of attacks from conservative Jewish organizations. It argues that J Street has been successful because it has remained moderate in its policy stances and has been effective in countering attacks from conservative Jewish organizations while gaining the support of many mainstream American Jews who are frustrated with AIPAC’s policy.
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11

Coleman, Janet E. "Who is Helping Our Children? Development of a Model for the Training of Tutors for America Reads." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2650/.

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The purpose of this research study was to examine the effectiveness of training for college work study students who participated in an America Reads program, which was designed to help at-risk children struggling with reading. Two groups participated in this research study. One group of college tutors had minimal training in reading strategies at the beginning of the study and the other group of college tutors had continuous training and feedback throughout the study. The research study sought to answer the following questions: 1) Will training for college student tutors in the area of reading, more specifically in the strategies and skills, help improve their comprehension and vocabulary? And 2) Will training for college student tutors in the area of reading, more specifically in strategies and skills, significantly improve the comprehension and vocabulary scores of the children being tutored? This was a quasi-experimental research design, used to examine the effectiveness of training college students participating in the America Reads program. The tutors were pre-and post-tested, measuring both their vocabulary and comprehension knowledge at the beginning and the end of the study. The children being tutored were also pre- and post-tested, measuring both their vocabulary and comprehension knowledge at the beginning and the end of the study. The statistical analysis for this design was the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The ANCOVA was used to handle the main threat to the internal validity of this research design, due to the fact that the tutors for the control and experimental group were not selected randomly. The tutors and the children were randomly assigned to two groups. The control group of tutors received minimal training (11 hours) and the experimental group received the same minimal training with extra (21 hours) weekly training added. The study began in October 1999 and ended in December 1999. The tutoring sessions were 1 ½ hours long, three days a week. The training for the experimental group was for 1 ½ to 2 hours weekly. The results from this study found no significant difference between the control and experimental groups on comprehension, as measured by the assessment instruments. The results from this study did find, however, a significant difference between the control and the experimental groups on vocabulary, as measured by the assessment instruments.
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12

Trotter, Walter M. "Characteristics of principals who influence Black student achievement /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7528.

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13

McPeters, Anthony. "Discipling African-American men who make up the socioeconomic underclass." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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14

Davis, Adrianna Starr. "A Phenomenological Study of African American Males Who Drop Out." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1778.

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Although school districts in Florida have reported a decrease in the overall dropout rate, the dropout rate among African American males remains higher than it does for any other ethnic group. Guided by Ogbu's oppositional culture theory, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to investigate the high dropout rate among African American males and determine some of the social, cultural, educational, and economic elements that may hinder African American males from completing high school. A purposive sample of 10 African American males who dropped out of high school and who were between the ages of 18 and 35 was selected to participate in this study. Thirty open-ended interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed using an open coding system. Twelve themes emerged that provided evidence of the complex factors associated with dropping out. The major themes included lack of motivation from parents and teachers, disengagement from the educational institution, economic challenges related to poverty, and peer influence. It is recommended that programs and curricula be developed and implemented that would create opportunities to build positive relationships between African American male students and their teachers, parents, and peers. Positive social change could occur with an increase in the graduation rate of African American male students, which would offer a more educated work force for the community.
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15

Rojas, Avendaño Inés N. "Who, how, and what? third- party intervention in Venezuela /." unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11142005-121227/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2005.<br>Title from file title page. Jennifer L. McCoy, committee chair; Henry Carey, William Downs, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 12, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-110).
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16

Mushinsky, Marguerite Frances. "The Irish did apply : the exiles who took any work available and built America from the ground up /." Abstract Full Text (PDF), 2008. http://eprints.ccsu.edu/archive/00000572/02/2013FT.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2008.<br>Thesis advisor: John Day Tully. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-141). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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17

Leahy, Sean. "As One Who From a Volume Reads: A Study of the Long Narrative Poem in Nineteenth-Century America." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1065.

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Though overlooked and largely unread today, the long narrative poem was a distinct genre available to nineteenth-century American poets. Thematically and formally diverse, the long narrative poem represents a form that poets experimented with and modified, and it accounted for some of the most successful poetry publications in the nineteenth-century United States. Drawing on contemporary theories of form and situating these poems within their literary-historical context, I discuss how our reading practices might be shaped by a greater attentiveness to the long narrative poem. My analysis will focus upon a small set of poems from across the nineteenth century, centering on works by Lucy Larcom and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. More than mere recovery, this project aims to illuminate a tradition in which poets ambitiously melded genres, claimed poetry’s place to shape public discourse, and thought deeply about the reading practices available to their audience. Along the way, I consider how the dominant critical categories in the study of poetry have occluded these poems, and what these poems might offer in terms renewing or revitalizing our analytical tools and concepts.
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18

Morlett, Paredes Alejandra. "NORMATIVE DATA FOR FOUR NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS IN A SAMPLE OF ADULTS WHO ARE ILLITERATE AND FROM LATIN AMERICA." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5452.

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Neuropsychological tests are standardized tasks used to measure psychological functioning that is associated with a particular brain structure. These tests often are used in diagnosing a cognitive deficiency resulting from brain injuries. Currently, there are a limited number of studies that have focused on standardization of neuropsychological tests in Latin America. Therefore, the vast majority of cognitive tests used in the evaluation of patients with brain damage have no normative parameters adjusted to the cultural characteristics of Latinos and Latinas. As a result, neuropsychological diagnoses among this population may be inadequate, and evaluation of rehabilitation program effectiveness limited. The importance of culturally appropriate indices of neurological tests cannot be overstated; of all the problems presented by individuals with brain injuries, cognitive disorders are the leading source of disability for adequate work, family, and social reintegration among this group. There is an urgent need to standardize neuropsychological tests in Latin America, among Latinos in the US and any other regions where neuropsychological test have not been standardized. An important population subgroup in Latin America severely lacking in norms for many neuropsychological tests are those deemed illiterate or unable to read or write. Developing normative data for individuals who are illiterate will allow neuropsychologists to have a more accurate comparison when attempting to diagnose cognitive deficits among this group in Latin America. This dissertation is unique, as no other studies have looked at the normative data and standardization of neuropsychological tests within this population in Latin America.
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Humphrey, Loretta Sue. "Feral Cats and the People Who Care for Them." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1663.

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Sociologists have described the characteristics of individuals who become involved in social movements, their motivations for becoming involved, and the methods used to recruit participants. One group that has been underrepresented in the existing literature is feral cat caretakers. The purpose of this study is to examine the traits of this group, information which would be valuable to groups dedicated to educating the public about the plight of feral cats, groups which offer information and resources to caretakers, individuals wishing to network with other feral cat caretakers, and policy makers in need of knowing what options exist to deal with feral cats. A small sample of fifteen participants was interviewed either face-to-face or by email. Questions were open-ended to facilitate individual discussion and expression. The sample was drawn from personal acquaintances, recruitment letters posted in spay/neuter clinics, email blasts to members of feral cat networks, and referrals from participants. Results demonstrated that while the demographics of the participants were similar to others involved in social movements, there were some differences in their recruitment methods and involvement in organized groups. Feral cat caretakers demonstrated a very strong sense of personal efficacy and self motivation.
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Landrau, Kimberly Ann. "Exploring Patterns of Resilience in Individuals Who Identify as Native American." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4002.

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Native Americans experience a higher rate of homicide, suicide, and injury, on average, than do others in the United States. There has been little research, however, on turning point and epiphany experiences as factors that contribute to resilience in Native Americans. The purpose of this study was to add to this body of knowledge, and promote social change such as greater engagement and dialogue within Native American communities. The theory that informed the study was resilience theory. Two questions were answered: (a) the ways in which turning point life experiences have correlated with resilience in Native American individuals, and (b) the manner in which characteristics (e.g., gender, age, socioeconomic status, spirituality, disability, and sexual orientation) are influential with respect to the turning point experiences that Native Americans report relative to resilience. Inclusionary criteria were purposefully broad in order to encourage participation in the process. Narratives were invited that detailed life histories, for a psychological study. Snowball methodology was also employed in an area where census records indicated that Native Americans resided, resulting in a sample of 4 adult individuals (2 men and 2 women) of Native American descent. Data from the autobiographical narratives were analyzed for themes. These participants experienced a pivotal experience or group of experiences that led them to engage in behavior that produced beneficial results impacting career prospects and producing subjective life satisfaction. Findings support the theory that certain turning point experiences (specifically, interactions with supportive family and community members) enhance resilience in Native American individuals.
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French, Audrey L. "Experience of Resilience Among African American Women Who Left Abusive Relationships." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7291.

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The rate of DV for AA women is higher than other groups and often more severe; however, some AA women are successful in leaving the violence for good. Researchers continue to examine how victims move beyond their former life and into an abuse free environment by directing more attention on positive dynamics of victims of DV. One area is the study of resilience; however, little is known about the lived experience of resilience. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of resilience in AA women who successfully abandoned an abusive relationship. The interview questions were used assist the participants in describing the lived experience of resilience. The survivor theory (ST) was used to demonstrate the participants' active role in leaving the relationship. ST was also used to dispute past research that indicated victims give up hope and therefore remain in the abusive relationship. Ten AA women from the Bell County, Texas area who are at least 18-years-old and have been free of an abusive relationship for 2 years were interviewed. Participants' perceptions were extracted and analyzed for patterns and themes using face-to-face interviews and written surveys. Data analysis procedures included the process of reducing participants' similar themes and statements in search of meaning. Results revealed three common themes that include having a positive mindset, establishing a strong relationship with God, and taking various forms of actions toward gaining control. Implications for social change include using the findings toward increasing education, intervention, and other supportive means used by those who provide services to victims.
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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of American Time Use: Who Spends How Long at What." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5637.

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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of American Men: Who They Are & How They Live." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2003. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5624.

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24

Smylie, Eric. "Americans who did not wait: the American Legion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1915-1917." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332591/.

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This study examines the five American Legion battalions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force formed in 1915 specifically to recruit American volunteers for the Canadian overseas contingent of the First World War. This study reviews the organization of Canada's militia and Anglo-American relations before examining the formation of the American Legion, the background of its men, and the diplomatic repercussions it sparked. This study is based largely on material in the Public Archives of Canada including war records and the personal papers of several participants. During its brief existence, the American Legion precipitated constitutional, diplomatic, and political problems. The issues the American Legion raised were mostly solved by America's entry in the war. The episode hastened the maturity of Canada as a nation.
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Smylie, Eric Paul. "Americans Who Would Not Wait: The American Legion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, 1915-1917." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc177171/.

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This dissertation examines the five battalions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force designated as the American Legion. Authorized in Canada between 1915 and 1917, these units were formed to recruit volunteers from the United States to serve in the Canadian Overseas Contingent during the First World War. This work reviews the organization of Canada’s militia and the history of Anglo-American relations before examining the Canadian war effort, the formation of the American Legion, the background of its men, and the diplomatic, political, and constitutional questions that it raised. Much of the research focuses on the internal documents of its individual battalions (the 97th, 211th, 212th, 213th and 237th) and the papers of Reverend Charles Bullock now housed at the Public Archives of Canada. Documentation for the diplomatic furor the American Legion caused comes largely through the published diplomatic documents, British Foreign Office records held at the Public Record Office at Kew, and United States Department of State files at the National Archives at College Park, Maryland. The most useful sources for American Legion correspondence are the Beaverbrook papers held at the House of Lords Record Office, the papers of Canadian Prime Minister Sir Robert Laird Borden, and those of the Governor-General, the Duke of Connaught found in the Public Archives of Canada. During its brief existence the American Legion precipitated diplomatic and political problems in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Dominion of Canada. Among the issues raised by the controversy surrounding the American Legion were: the relationship between the dominion government in Canada and the British government; the structural problems of imperial communications; the rise of a Canadian national identity and the desire for greater autonomy; and, the nature of citizenship and expatriation. This dissertation is also a long overdue account of the thousands of United States citizens who left their homes and families to join the American Legion in order to fight another country’s war.
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Forbes, Shelby. "Who Owns Disability? An Investigation into the Politics of Representation." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1631.

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In this thesis, I show how a community of professionals providing equine therapy to individuals with disabilities discursively make sense of their enterprise. A market metaphor illustrates how disability is constructed as the capital sustaining the livelihood of their industry. Disability is a problem-centered concept. It is generally conceptualized according to a medical model which locates disability within the individual, as opposed to understanding it in a sociological sense which accounts for structural, cultural, and communicative factors. Therapy, on the other hand, is problem-determined-it needs to explicitly determine a problem to be treated in order to sustain itself as an industry and to legitimate the services it provides. As practitioners of an "alternative" form of therapy outside of the dominant biomedical frame, members of this community work not only to validate the need for therapy in general, but also to identify and justify the "uniqueness" of the therapy practiced. In an effort to proprietize disability, these professionals are involved in a politics of representation wherein divergent modes of speaking about disability (i.e., speaking from lived experience, speaking from expertise) vie to represent-or own-disability. In accordance with a market model, members are invested, with stakes in the rights to represent disability. Discourses of development and progress, hallmarks of economic ideology, are applied to bodies by staff as a means to validate the need for their services. Continuing this notion of disability as currency, I will demonstrate how, through their talk, members of this community construct types of disability-mental and physical-as having higher and lesser exchange values with respect to their therapeutic endeavors. Power too is conceptualized by professionals as a commodity to be exchanged in transactions from therapy-provider to therapy-receiver.
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Clark, Jesse L., Eddy R. Segura, Catherine E. Oldenburg, et al. "Traditional and Web-Based Technologies to Improve Partner Notification Following Syphilis Diagnosis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Lima, Peru: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624622.

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Background: Patient-initiated partner notification (PN) following the diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection is a critical component of disease control in men who have sex with men (MSM) sexual networks. Both printed and internet-based technologies offer potential tools to enhance traditional partner notification approaches among MSM in resource-limited settings. Objective: This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of 2 different PN technologies on notification outcomes following syphilis diagnosis among MSM in Peru: A Web-based notification system and patient-delivered partner referral cards. Methods: During 2012-2014, we screened 1625 MSM from Lima, Peru, for syphilis infection and enrolled 370 MSM with symptomatic primary or secondary syphilis (n=58) or asymptomatic latent syphilis diagnosed by serology (rapid plasma reagin, RPR, and Microhemagglutination assay for Treponema pallidum antibody; n=312). Prior to enrollment, potential participants used a computer-based self-interviewing system to enumerate their recent sexual partnerships and provide details of their 3 most recent partners. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to one of 4 intervention arms: (1) counseling and patient-initiated Web-based PN (n=95), (2) counseling with Web-based partner notification and partner referral cards (n=84), (3) counseling and partner referral cards (n=97), and (4) simple partner notification counseling (control; n=94). Self-reported partner notification was assessed after 14 days among 354 participants who returned for the follow-up assessment. Results: The median age of enrolled participants was 27 (interquartile range, IQR 23-34) years, with a median of 2 partners (IQR 1-5) reported in the past month. Compared with those who received only counseling (arm 4), MSM provided with access to Web-based partner notification (arms 1 and 2) or printed partner referral cards (arms 2 and 3) were more likely to have notified one or more of their sexual partners (odds ratio, OR, 2.18, 95% CI 1.30-3.66; P=.003 and OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.01-2.79; P=.045, respectively). The proportion of partners notified was also higher in both Web-based partner notification (241/421, 57.2%; P<.001) and referral card (240/467, 51.4%; P=.006) arms than in the control arm (82/232, 35.3%). Conclusions: Both new Web-based technologies and traditional printed materials support patient-directed notification and improve self-reported outcomes among MSM with syphilis. Additional research is needed to refine the use of these partner notification tools in specific partnership contexts.<br>Revisión por pares<br>Revisión por pares
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28

Dyckman, Rachel Marie. "America's Prolonged Battle for Gay Rights: Who Will Create Social Change?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297553.

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When a man or a woman swears that they will take their partner in sickness and in health, for better or for worse, and till death do they part, does it really matter who is looking back at them? Common law delineates that marriage is between one man and one woman; and until the last decade, this was the prevailing definition of marriage. Yet as the gay rights movement gained support, the conventional definition of marriage has transformed. But the gay rights movement is not just about securing the right to marry; it is an attempt to produce social change through the United States court system. As the gay rights movement attempts to create social change through the two gay marriage cases, will the justices declare a historic ruling on gay marriage? Yet, regardless of their decision in June 2013, the Supreme Court's decision will not affect the momentum of the gay rights movement. Through analyzing the history of the gay rights movement, the legal arguments at stake, and reviewing past influential state and Supreme Court cases, it is evident that the prevailing gay rights movement will achieve its goals regardless of winning or losing litigation at the Supreme Court.
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29

Watkins, Jeremy L. "Who gets a bailout? A comparative analysis of U.S. and IMF responses to economic crisis in Mexico (1995), Brazil (1998), and Argentina (2001)." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FWatkins.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Western Hemisphere))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Jaskoski, Maiah. Second Reader: Berger, Mark T. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Economic crisis, Bailout, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Geopolitical significance. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-60). Also available in print.
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30

Klein, Ottilie P. [Verfasser]. "Lethal Performances : Women Who Kill in Modern American Drama / Ottilie P. Klein." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180213130/34.

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31

Awopeju, Tayo B. "HIV Testing Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1614.

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Young African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at greater risk of being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and less likely to seek HIV testing than are members of other demographic groups. This behavior results in a significant public health threat because young AAMSM with an unrecognized HIV infection are less likely to practice safer sex and, therefore, more likely to pass the infection on to their partners. This study is an examination of the social and personality factors that influence HIV testing rates among young AAMSM, using Aday's model of the social determinants of health and the Big Five model of personality as the theoretical frameworks. A cross-sectional design was employed, and social networks were used to recruit study respondents. Forty-three young AAMSM completed online questionnaires, and multiple regression techniques were used to examine relationships among the variables of interest. Statistical analysis indicated that neither the social risk factors derived from Aday's model nor the Big Five model predicted HIV testing. However, it is unknown whether these nonsignificant findings are attributable to a genuine lack of influence or the unique characteristics of the sample. Given the null results of this study and the mixed findings of prior research, further studies are required to draw conclusions regarding the influence of social and personality factors on HIV testing in this high-risk group. Additional research could be helpful in developing more effective strategies for encouraging HIV testing among young AAMSM. The potential for positive social change lies in slowing the spread of HIV through this vulnerable population and in engaging young AAMSM in the medical system to improve their long-term health prospects.
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32

Jackson, LaTasha Irene. "Empowering African American Youth Who Live in Foster Care| A Grant Proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10262633.

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<p> The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal to develop and secure funding for a mentoring program for African American youth between the ages of 13 to 18. The host agency is the Dangerfield Institute of Urban Problems Group Home located in Los Angeles, California. </p><p> The goal of the project is to implement a program that introduces African American youth to positive adult role models with the intent to secure a lasting relationship as the youth transition into adulthood. Another goal of the program is to provide the youth with the tools to explore self-development. After reviewing the funding options, the Weingart Foundation was selected as the best fit for the goals and objectives of the proposed project. </p><p> The actual submission of this grant was not a requirement for the successful completion of this project.</p>
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33

Bendall, Michele Elizabeth. "Who is an American? The Construction of American Identity in the Utah Minuteman Project." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3393.

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The Minuteman Project is a national civilian border patrol group, founded in 2005 to defend the U.S.-Mexico border from "invasion" by illegal immigrants and protest the "blatant disregard of the rule of law" exhibited by government and politicians. This study explores one state chapter of this organization: the Utah Minuteman Project (UMP). The research questions I seek to address are: Who are the Minutemen? What motivates them? How do the Minutemen define what it means to be an American? Using a grounded theory approach, I explore the construction of American identity among the members of the UMP using a range of qualitative data sources: in-depth interviews with 24 individuals, fieldnotes, and primary documents. My findings suggest that what problematizes illegal immigration in the minds of the Minutemen is their view that illegal immigration is a threat to American identity. While illegal immigration and its perceived consequences are the focus of much attention within the UMP, the central motivating factor in the movement relates to the question of who is an American. My findings suggest that American identity, as defined by the Minutemen, can be understood in terms of four main concepts: assimilation, respect for law, work ethic, and patriotism. In many ways, the Minutemen have defined American identity by answering the question of who is not an American. It is against the backdrop of illegal immigration that anti-illegal immigrant movements like the Minutemen have defined themselves, defined America, and defined who is an American. By emphasizing the elements of American identity that stand in most striking contrast to illegal immigration, they exclude undocumented immigrants from American identity. Amidst all the voices seeking to define what it means to be an American, this study contributes another voice and provides a better understanding of how the Minutemen see the world. It is important to that as our country confronts the challenges of immigration reform and answers the question of who is an American, that all voices are heard, including the voices of the Minutemen.
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34

Outlaw, Barmore Lee Kimball. "Experiences of African American Lesbians Who Attended a Historically Black College or University." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6939.

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The lived experiences of African American lesbians who attended historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) have not received sufficient empirical attention; therefore, this study was conducted to understand and describe their experiences. The study followed a qualitative phenomenological approach. The multidimensional identity model, developed by Reyolds and Pope, was used as the framework through which to understand the participants' experiences. Semistructured, 40 to 60-minute interviews were conducted with 6 women who identified as African American lesbians and attended HBCUs. Initial hand and subsequent NVivo coding of interview data led to the development of the following 7 themes: (a) either African American women or African American lesbian, (b) fear of rejection, (c) chosen kin, (d) no benefit of being an African American lesbian at an HBCU, (e) love for the African American community, (f) women who love women, and (g) the road not taken. The findings suggest African American lesbians often shift between identities, depending on the situation or setting. The results of the study provide suggestions for counselors and counselor educators who will be able to increase their understanding of the unique needs of individuals who identify with at least 3 marginalized communities. African American lesbians who attend HBCUs may benefit from this inquiry as HBCUs can use the information in this study to help create and sustain a more inclusive campus environment. Additional implications for social change and future research are included at the end of the study.
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35

Al-Ma'seb, Hend Batel. "Acculturation factors among Arab/Moslem women who live in the western culture." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155667617.

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36

Sandeen, Loucynda Elayne. "Who Owns This Body? Enslaved Women's Claim on Themselves." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1492.

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During the antebellum period of U.S. slavery (1830-1861), many people claimed ownership of the enslaved woman's body, both legally and figuratively. The assumption that they were merely property, however, belies the unstable, shifting truths about bodily ownership. This thesis inquires into the gendered specifics and ambiguities of the law, the body, and women under slavery. By examining the particular bodily regulation and exploitation of enslaved women, especially around their reproductive labor, I suggest that new operations of oppression and also of resistance come into focus. The legal structure recognized enslaved women in the interest of owners, and this limitation was defining, meaning that justice flowed in one direction. If married white women were "civilly dead," as famously evoked by the Declaration of Sentiments (1848) then enslaved women were civilly non-existent. The law controlled, but did not protect slaves, and a number of opponents to slavery denounced this contradictory scenario during the antebellum era (and before). Literally, enslaved women were claimed by their masters, purchased and sold as chattel. Physically, they were claimed by those men (both white and black) who sought to have power over them. Symbolically, they were claimed by anti-slavers and pro-slavers alike when it suited their purposes, often in the domains of news and literature, for the sake of advancing their ideas, a rich record of which fills court cases, newsprint, and propaganda touching the slavery issue before the civil war. Due to the numerous ways that enslaved women's bodies have been claimed, owned, or circulated in markets, it may have been considered implicit to many that others owned their bodies. I believe that this is an oversimplified historical supposition that needs to be re-theorized. Indeed, enslaved women lived in a time when they were often led to believe that their bodies were not truly their own, and yet, many of them resisted their particular forms of oppression by claiming ownership of their bodies and those of their children; sometimes using rather extreme methods to keep from contributing to their oppression. In other words, slave owners' monopoly of the legal, economic, and logistical meanings of ownership of slaves had to be constantly reaffirmed and negotiated. This thesis asks: who owned the enslaved woman's body? I seek to emphasize that enslaved women were valid claimants of themselves as can seen in primary sources that today have only been given limited expression in the historiography.
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37

Rodriguez, Eric. "Student loan debt implications for Hispanic students who have graduated from college." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10133163.

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<p> This quantitative correlational non-experimental study examines some major implications of student loan debt that Hispanics face upon graduation from institutions of higher learning. It provides both descriptive and correlational statistics to help view how Hispanics differ from non-Hispanics graduate students in their plight to live the American dream of social mobility. Hispanics now represent over 50 million and are the fastest growing (43% between the 2000 and 2010 U.S. Census) segment of the U.S. population. </p><p> The belief that gaining a college degree will enhance social mobility may in fact impede it, or at least, delay it for Hispanics. With the increase in borrowing to gain college access, Hispanic families may face financial constraints impeding social mobility. This study explores the surveys conducted (2008&ndash;2012) by the National Center for Education Statistics and consisting of approximately 13,500 students in postsecondary schools across the United States. The statistical analysis suggests that for Hispanic student graduates in higher education there may be a relationship between student loan debt and financial difficulties, including home affordability, getting married, and having children. The analysis explores the differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanics along these four dimensions. </p><p> Additionally, this study suggests several leadership practices as a way of influencing initiatives that may help address student loan debt for Hispanics. Recommendations for additional research include assessing measures that address the rise in borrowing by Hispanic graduates.</p>
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38

Strathman, Brent A. "Who advises? Power, politics, & persuasion in foreign policy decision making." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1135002242.

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39

Ayivor, Divine. "Policy Implications and Perceptions of African American Men who Used Ritalin as Children." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5446.

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Even though there are high diagnosis rates of ADHD among young African American men, policy makers and parents have largely viewed the use of Ritalin as a psychotrop ic drug that raises public health concerns. African American parents may be reluctant to treat their children pharmacologically. Very few studies have fully explored the perceptions of African American men about the consequences of their Ritalin use as chi ldren. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of African American men who used Ritalin as children so that policy makers and parents of children with ADHD might better understand the social and public health implications of tr eatment options. The theoretical framework for this study included Anderson's cultural identity theory of drug abuse and Brady and O'Conno r's community organizing theory . Data were collected through semistructured interviews with 9 African American men who were prescribed Ritalin as children. These data were then inductively coded and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach. Participants believed that Ritalin helped them with focus in their academic endeavors and did not lead them to dr ug abuse or addiction . By giving voice to the experiences of this population , educators and policy makers can better assist parents who might be reluctant to give their child Ritalin as their fears about Ritalin prescriptions leading to drug abuse and addiction later in life may be less founded than some believe. This presents a social change advantage for all communities, especially those in low income areas.
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40

Goodman, Giora. "'Who is anti-American?' : the British left and the United States, 1945-1956." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1349007/.

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The subject of this research is British 'anti-Americanism' in the decade after 1945: a complex phenomenon with often contradictory political and cultural manifestations. This study focuses primarily on the attitudes towards the United States of the organized political Left, because the Left came to be regarded in this period as the most 'anti-American' element in British political life. Examining that charge, this study follows the development of attitudes towards the United States in British political life, particularly within the Labour Party, long established as the most serious organized force on the Left, and the governing Party from 1945 to 1951. The study aims to show that hostile responses towards the United States on the British Left imbibed the same national resentments which could be found in other quarters of British political life. The British Left had its own set of ideological and emotional prejudices which gave a distinct colour, and perhaps added impetus, to its resentments. However, underpinning all the hostile sentiments was the resentment of Britain's postwar domination and displacement by the United States, which among Conservatives was concealed only by the onset of the Cold War, until it forcefully erupted during the Suez crisis. Finally, this study delineates and examines the great concern with which 'anti- Americanism' was viewed at the time by policy-makers and politicians on both sides of the Atlantic. Such manifestations of British prejudice and hostility seemed to threaten the stability of the Anglo-American Cold War alliance, and as a result anti-anti-Americanism became a powerful emotion in British political life. This study demonstrates and considers the anti-anti-American plans made by Whitehall, Washington, and the Atlanticist faithful, of which there were many in the Labour Party too, to promote in Britain a positive image of the United States as a people - and as Cold War allies.
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41

Riley, Lakeisha De Lon. "The Experiences and Perceptions of African American Women Who Reside in Nursing Homes." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5775.

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The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the experiences and perceptions of African American women who reside in a nursing home and to understand African American women's decisions for admitting to the facility. Social Learning Theory was applied to answer the question of how African American women's experiences and perceptions toward long-term care influence healthcare decisions and admission to a nursing home. Eleven participants interviewed in the study were at least 60 years old, admitted into the facility within the past two years and who had not previously resided in a nursing home. Yin's five step approach to data analysis, NVivo and Microsoft Office to gather data from African American women who live in a nursing home. Participants in this study described their perceptions of nursing homes as places they never thought they would reside in and expressed that African American families traditionally "took care of their own." As a result, participants stated nursing homes were not an option normally considered within their families. Decisions to admit to a nursing home were based on family work schedules which resulted in lack of supervision at home, increased nursing care, and financial reasons. Cultural competence was an important factor in helping them adjust to a nursing home environment despite cultural norms. This research can contribute to social change by providing awareness and identifying health behaviors and cultural beliefs regarding the use of long-term care facilities by African American women despite cultural norms. The findings of this study can also create positive social change movement in nursing homes to deliver resident-centered care and empowering staff.
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42

Sessoms, Tony Lionel. "Gay and Bisexual American Men in South Korea Who Reported Testing HIV Negative." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/764.

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Gay and bisexual men in the United States and South Korea have some of the highest HIV rates in their countries, and both have the fewest sex education programs and policies for gay and bisexual males in secondary and postsecondary school systems. Consequently, many South Koreans do not view HIV as a South Korean problem, and with American gay and bisexual men living in this type of environment, their HIV sexual protection knowledge and practices may be compromised. The purpose of this study was to gain more understanding and insight into the sex education experiences and sexual practices of gay and bisexual American men living in a large city in South Korea, to determine how they perceived their sex education experiences from the American school system. The theoretical framework was based on Husserl and Heidegger's theory of intentionality. A phenomenological method was employed, utilizing a purposeful and criterion sample of 6 gay and bisexual American men who experienced sex education in the American school system and reported testing HIV negative on their last HIV tests. Data were analyzed and coded to identify categories and themes. The findings revealed that the participants who experienced heterosexual-focused sex education did not find it useful to them as gay men. The implications of these findings for positive social change are to inform policy makers and education leaders of how gay and bisexual American men perceived their sex education experiences and of the value of providing diverse, comprehensive sex education in the school system as it relates to knowledge about HIV and HIV prevention, not only for gay and bisexual males but for all American students as a tool to reduce or prevent new HIV cases.
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43

Anyaka, Sonya. "Depression and HIV Risk Among African American Men who have Sex with Men." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1185.

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African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) are at a greater risk of contracting HIV than any other ethnic group, subpopulation, or race. Personal, environmental, and social variables can affect risk behavior. Driven by Beck's cognitive theory of depression, this quantitative study examined the relationship between depression and HIV risk behaviors in a sample of AAMSM (n = 108). Data was gathered via the Beck Depression Inventory and the HIV Risk Behavior Questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data to determine the correlation between HIV risk behavior and depression. According to study findings, there was no significant relationship found between depression and HIV risk behavior in this sample of AAMSM after accounting for the variance associated with the covariates: age, alcohol and substance use, condom attitudes, HIV knowledge, and income. While the study findings do not indicate depressive symptoms were associated with HIV sexual risk behavior, age, alcohol or drug use, and condom attitudes were significantly and positively related to HIV sexual risk behavior. Future research is recommended to identify factors specific to AAMSM for use in devising African American MSM-centric interventions. The results could inform the development of interventions targeting older AAMSM to alter behaviors associated with alcohol and drug use to impact sexual risk behaviors and reduce HIV transmission in AAMSM, thus resulting in positive social change in their lives and the lives of their families and communities.
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44

McNeil, Angela S. "The double grief phenomenon| African-American women who lost sons to gun violence." Thesis, Eastern University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10615763.

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<p> African American males are killed by gun violence at a greater risk than any other ethnic group, leaving African Americans mothers to cope with grief at disproportionately high rates. A phenomenological method was used to explore the lived experiences of African American women whose sons were killed by gun violence in Philadelphia using Rando&rsquo;s (1993) six &ldquo;R&rdquo; processes of complicated grief theory as a framework. Six themes emerged from the research: faith and spirituality, giving back to the community, personal relationships with others after the death of a son, connections with son after death, worldview, and double grief. Many of these findings indicate that mothers experience and struggle through the &ldquo;R&rdquo; processes of grief; they also experience a unique conflict the researcher has termed double grief, the phenomenon of grieving for oneself and for the mother of the perpetrator. This new concept emerged from the research and is discussed along with recommendations and ideas for future research.</p><p>
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45

Velez, Juan V. "The lived experiences of Latino men who question and explore their sexuality." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523235.

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<p> This qualitative study examined how 14 Latino men attending a large, public institution in California questioned and explored their sexual identities. There is a paucity of literature on the experiences of Latino male students who identify as gay and bisexual. Understanding how these students navigate this aspect of their identity development is important. The findings of this study suggested that the questioning process is a transition that alters relationships, routines, assumptions, and roles. Three themes were identified: how the participants (a) questioned and explored their sexuality, (b) balanced cultural expectations, (c) and came out. Some of the students in this study managed their identities within the Latino community and the gay community while others disengaged from their cultural values and upbringing. </p>
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46

Boatman, Marcia. "Academically Resilient Minority Doctoral Students Who Experienced Poverty and Parental Substance Abuse." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/133.

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There is a lack of research on the academic resilience of minority, first-generation, online doctoral students (MFOD) who experienced poverty and parental substance abuse (PSA). The purpose of this study was to explore how MFOD who overcame poverty and PSA developed academic resilience. Resilience theory and Kember's model of attrition in online programs provided a conceptual framework for this study. The research questions guiding this qualitative study concerned how MFOD perceive and interpret their academic resilience and protective factors. A purposeful sample of 6 students participated in semistructured interviews. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted, which included a case by case analysis, and a cross-case analysis. Results indicate that academic resilience is perceived as (a) determination, (b) evolving realization of the value of education, (c) paving the way for others, and (d) leveraging strengths to succeed in an online doctoral program. Protective factors are perceived as (a) resilience in adversity, (b) mindset about school, (c) identity resilience, and (d) transformational experiences. The results of this study reveal that the participants learned to see themselves beyond the context of their immediate environments. Positive social change implications include improving existing social policy to aggressively target high-poverty school districts and communities with PSA. More specifically, at-risk minority students would benefit from targeted interventions focused on family engagement in education and school retention.
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47

Huffman, Jessica Lauren. "Semantic and phonological priming effects on N400 activation in people who stutter." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002820.

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48

Wilcots, Anthony W. "Who is responsible? an exploration of the black church's charge to bring wholeness to the suffering African American family /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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49

Alexander, Aryriana. "Beliefs About Children Who Have Been Incarcerated: What Do Parents Know?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/142.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between traditional African-American American parenting and the overrepresentation of African-Americans in America’s jails and prisons. This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews of twelve parents who have had a child incarcerated in their adult life to gather data. Study participants were asked their experiences with several traditional happenings, supported by research, in some traditional African-American households. Topics discussed included religion, spanking, and single parenthood. The study found that many of the traditional happenings of African-American parenting occurred within the homes of parents with children who were incarcerated, which supports previous research. Additionally, the study found that negative views of law enforcement officers were held by several participants and passed down to their children. Moreover, the majority of participants believed that race had some bearing on the treatment of their child by law enforcement and the legal system. The findings of the study suggest that there is room for social workers to be more aware of the unique needs of the African-American community and advocacy is necessary for programs and resources to reach this special population. Furthermore, social workers should continue to seek cultural competence and demonstrate racial awareness when working with clients.
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50

Saboe, Kristin N. "Prioritizing Those Who Follow: Servant Leadership, Needs Satisfaction, and Positive Employee Outcomes." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1758.

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Servant leaders seek to fulfill the needs of followers and promote their success and well-being through a follower-centric, generative approach to leadership. This study proposes a model to describe the mediating mechanism of follower needs satisfaction, as proposed by Self-Determination Theory (SDT), for the relationship between servant leadership (SL) behaviors and employee outcomes (e.g., job performance, job attitudes, well-being, community prosocial behavior). Supervisor-subordinate dyads (N = 147 pairs) from four diverse organizations completed surveys about the supervisors' leadership behaviors and the subordinates' job experiences. Structural equation modeling and regression analyses were conducted to determine the nature of relationships between SL, SDT needs, and the organizational outcomes. Direct and indirect effects were observed among these variables, suggesting SDT primarily mediates the relationship between supervisors' SL behaviors and subordinates' job attitudes.
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