To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test.
Journal articles on the topic 'Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Wilcoxon Signed Rank Sum Test.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Kaiser, Johannes. "An Exact and a Monte Carlo Proposal to the Fisher–Pitman Permutation Tests for Paired Replicates and for Independent Samples." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 7, no. 3 (2007): 402–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x0700700307.
Full textAbstract:
This article concerns the nonparametric Fisher–Pitman tests for paired replicates and independent samples. After outlining the theory of exact tests, I derive Monte Carlo simulations for both of them. Simulations can be useful if one deals with many observations because of the complexity of the algorithms in regard to sample sizes. The tests are designed to be a more powerful alternative to the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney rank-sum test if the observations are given on at least an interval scale. The results gained by Monte Carlo versions of the tests are accurate enough in comparison to the exact versions. Finally, I give examples for using both supplemented tests.
2
Obidi, Olayide Folashade, Olushina Olawale Awe, Miriam Nwanna Igwo-Ezikpe, and Folake Okedayo Okekunjo. "Empirical analysis of amylolytic and proteolytic activities of microbial isolates recovered from deteriorating painted wall surfaces in Lagos Nigeria." Bio-Research 20, no. 1 (2022): 1484–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/br.v20i1.9.
Full textAbstract:
The biodeterioration of painted walls have been associated with several biological mechanisms such as organic acid production and enzymatic activity of microorganisms amongst other factors. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the involvement of amylases and proteases from indigenous microbes on biodeteriorating painted walls. Microbial strains isolated from biodeteriorating painted walls of selected buildings in Lagos, Nigeria and previously characterized as belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Candida, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Cerrena and Meyerozyma were used in this study. Amylolytic and proteolytic activities at varying conditions of temperature, pH, incubation time and substrate concentrations were tested. To bridge the knowledge gaps regarding statistical quantification of enzymatic mechanisms in biodeterioration, the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used to test the hypothesis that amylolytic/proteolytic activities are equal at all conditions tested. The conditions for optimal activity were observed to be 24h, 37oC, pH 2 and 0.01% substrate concentration and 48h, 25oC, pH 2, and 1% substrate concentration for amylase and protease respectively. Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed that amylolytic and proteolytic activities do not impact aesthetics on painted walls equally at all environmental conditions considered.
3
Al-Imam, Ahmed. "A Novel Method for Computationally Efficacious Linear and Polynomial Regression Analytics of Big Data in Medicine." Modern Applied Science 14, no. 5 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v14n5p1.
Full textAbstract:
Background:
 
 Machine learning relies on a hybrid of analytics, including regression analyses. There have been no attempts to deploy a scale-down transformation of data to enhance linear regression models.
 
 Objectives:
 
 We aim to optimize linear regression models by implementing data transformation function to scale down all variables in an attempt to minimize the sum of squared error.
 
 Materials and Methods:
 
 We implemented non-Bayesian statistics using SPSS and MatLab. We used Excel to generate 40 trials of linear regression models, and each has 1,000 observations. We utilized SPSS to conduct regression analyses, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Cronbach’s alpha statistics to evaluate the performance of the optimization model.
 
 Results:
 
 The scale-down transformation succeeded by significantly reducing the sum of squared errors [absolute Z-score=5.511, effect size=0.779, p-value<0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test]. Inter-item reliability testing confirmed the robust internal consistency of the model [Cronbach’s alpha=0.993].
 
 Conclusions:
 
 The optimization model is valuable for high-impact research based on regression. It can reduce the computational processing demands for powerful real-time and predictive analytics of big data.
4
Epifania M. Ladapase, Ningsih Ahmad, Maria Ambrosia Mau, and Maria Salvi Yunice. "MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BINA DIRI ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN METODE FADING." Empowerment Jurnal Mahasiswa Psikologi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang 2, no. 3 (2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/empowerment.v2i3.569.
Full textAbstract:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pelatihan keterampilan bina diri menggunakan metode fading pada anak usia dini di TPA Sayang Anak. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 2 anak di TPA Sayang Anak satu laki-laki dan satu perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi dan wawancara pada orang tua serta pengasuh pada anak tersebut. Penilaian nya menggunakan alat ukur dengan 23 item. Dengan menggunakan hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed rank dan terdapat perubahan nilai sebelum dan sesudah diberi treatment positif rank dengan nilai N 17 artinya seluruh sampel tesebut mengalami peningkatan dari pre ke post test. Mean rank peningkatannya sebesar 9,00 dan Soum Of Ranks sebesar 153,00, nilai Ties Nya 0 berarti tidak ada kesamaan nilai pre dan post nya dengan nilai hipotesisnya 0,000 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesisnya diterima
 This study aims to empirically test the training of self-development skills using the fading method in early childhood at the Sayang Anak TPA. The subjects in this study were 2 children at TPA Sayang Anak, one boy and one girl. Data was collected by using observations and interviews with the parents and caregivers of the child. The assessment uses a measuring instrument with 23 items. By using the results of the Wilcoxon Signed rank test and there is a change in the value before and after being given a positive rank treatment with an N value of 17, it means that the entire sample has increased from pre to post test. The mean rank increase is 9.00 and the Soum Of Ranks is 153.00, the Ties value is 0 which means that there is no similarity between the pre and post values with the hypothesis value of 0.000, so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted.
5
Epifania M. Ladapase, Ningsih Ahmad, Maria Ambrosia Mau, and Maria Salvi Yunice. "MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BINA DIRI ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN METODE FADING." Empowerment Jurnal Mahasiswa Psikologi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang 2, no. 3 (2023): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/empowerment.v2i3.678.
Full textAbstract:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pelatihan keterampilan bina diri menggunakan metode fading pada anak usia dini di TPA Sayang Anak. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 2 anak di TPA Sayang Anak satu laki-laki dan satu perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi dan wawancara pada orang tua serta pengasuh pada anak tersebut. Penilaian nya menggunakan alat ukur dengan 23 item. Dengan menggunakan hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed rank dan terdapat perubahan nilai sebelum dan sesudah diberi treatment positif rank dengan nilai N 17 artinya seluruh sampel tesebut mengalami peningkatan dari pre ke post test. Mean rank peningkatannya sebesar 9,00 dan Soum Of Ranks sebesar 153,00, nilai Ties Nya 0 berarti tidak ada kesamaan nilai pre dan post nya dengan nilai hipotesisnya 0,000 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesisnya diterima
 This study aims to empirically test the training of self-development skills using the fading method in early childhood at the Sayang Anak TPA. The subjects in this study were 2 children at TPA Sayang Anak, one boy and one girl. Data was collected by using observations and interviews with the parents and caregivers of the child. The assessment uses a measuring instrument with 23 items. By using the results of the Wilcoxon Signed rank test and there is a change in the value before and after being given a positive rank treatment with an N value of 17, it means that the entire sample has increased from pre to post test. The mean rank increase is 9.00 and the Soum Of Ranks is 153.00, the Ties value is 0 which means that there is no similarity between the pre and post values with the hypothesis value of 0.000, so it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted
6
Irmayani, Irmayani, Lailatul Masruroh, and Eka Cristin Wulandari. "The Utilization of Jamboard to Improve Students` Writing Skills in Personal Letter." Journal of English Education and Teaching 6, no. 4 (2022): 527–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/jeet.6.4.527-537.
Full textAbstract:
This study used pre-experimental research, conducting one group pre-test and post-test to examine the effectiveness of using Jamboard application media to improve students' writing skills. Furthermore, this study focused on common writing challenges that students face, such as using acceptable grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics when writing personal letters. Twenty-eight senior high school students majoring in Teknik Kendaraan Ringan were carefully chosen from SMK Abdurrahman Wahid Banjarmadu (TKR). The data revealed an improvement in the students' writing ability in personal letters utilizing jamboard by Wilcoxon signed rank test. According to the data, the positive learning outcomes for pre-test and post-test with a mean rank or average rise 14,50. While the number of sum of ranks is 406,00. Based on statistic value of Wilcoxon test the significance (2-tailed) < 0,05. It signifies that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted because there was a substantial difference in the students' writing skills before and after treatment with Jamboard, whereas the null hypothesis (Ho) was denied. After examining the data, the researcher concluded that jamboard could be an alternate media for improving students' personal letter writing abilities. There are a total of 406,00 rankings. The Wilcoxon test has a significance threshold of 0.05 based on the statistic value (2-tailed). It signifies that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted since there was a substantial difference in the students' writing ability before and after treatment with Jamboard, whereas the null hypothesis (Ho) was denied. Following an examination of the data, the researcher concluded that jamboard could be a viable alternative medium for boosting students' personal letter writing talents.
7
Abbas, Zameer, Hafiz Zafar Nazir, Muhammad Abid, Noureen Akhtar, and Muhammad Riaz. "Enhanced nonparametric control charts under simple and ranked set sampling schemes." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 42, no. 14 (2020): 2744–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331220931977.
Full textAbstract:
Investigation and removal of unnatural variation in the processes of manufacturing, production and services require application of statistical process control. Control charts are the most famous and commonly used statistical process control tools to trace changes in the manufacturing and nonmanufacturing processes parameter(s). The nonparametric control charts become necessary when the distribution of underlying process is unknown or questionable. The nonparametric charts are robust alternative along with holding property of quick shift detection ability in process parameter(s). In this article, we have proposed nonparametric double exponentially weighted moving average chart based on Wilcoxon signed rank test under simple and ranked set sampling schemes for efficient monitoring of the process location. The proposed control charts are compared with classical exponentially weighted moving average, double exponentially weighted moving average, nonparametric exponentially weighted moving average sign, nonparametric exponentially weighted moving average signed rank, nonparametric cumulative sum signed rank charts using average run length and some other characteristics of run length distribution as performance measures. Comparison reveals that the proposed control charts performs better to detect all kinds of shifts in the process location than existing counterparts. A real-life application related to manufacturing process (the variable of interest is the diameter of piston ring) is also provided for the practical implementation of the proposed chart.
8
Safitri, Heni. "Black Swan Event on JCI Value and Sectoral Index for February-April 2020: Effects of Covid-19 in Indonesian Stock Exchange." Journal of Business and Management Studies 4, no. 1 (2022): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jbms.2022.4.1.8.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect or impact of the Black Swan Event (Covid19) on the value of the IHSG and Sectoral Index on the IDX and how much the comparison of changes in the value of the IHSG and Sectoral Index before and after the existence of Covid19. This research is included in associative research. Data collection techniques used documentation study. The samples in this study were all IHSG values and all Sectoral Indices on the IDX. The analytical tool used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS Approach and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Based on the analysis results using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS approach, it can be said that the Black Swan Event had a negative and significant effect on the movement of the IHSG value and the value of the Sekctoral Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In addition, the test results using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test also show that there is a very significant difference between the IHSG value and the Sectoral Index value before and after the Black Swan Event or the Covid19 phenomenon in Indonesia.
9
Smith, Silas W., Catherine T. Jamin, Sidrah Malik, et al. "Freestanding Emergency Critical Care During the Aftermath of Hurricane Sandy: Implications for Disaster Preparedness and Response." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, no. 3 (2016): 496–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.84.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of an emergency intensive care unit (EICU) established concomitantly with a freestanding emergency department (ED) during the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed records of all patients in Bellevue’s EICU from freestanding ED opening (December 10, 2012) until hospital inpatient reopening (February 7, 2013). Temporal and clinical data, and disposition upon EICU arrival, and ultimate disposition were evaluated.ResultsTwo hundred twenty-seven patients utilized the EICU, representing approximately 1.8% of freestanding ED patients. Ambulance arrival occurred in 31.6% of all EICU patients. Median length of stay was 11.55 hours; this was significantly longer for patients requiring airborne isolation (25.60 versus 11.37 hours, P<0.0001 by Wilcoxon rank sum test). After stabilization and treatment, 39% of EICU patients had an improvement in their disposition status (P<0.0001 by Wilcoxon signed rank test); upon interhospital transfer, the absolute proportion of patients requiring ICU and SDU resources decreased from 37.8% to 27.1% and from 22.2% to 2.7%, respectively.ConclusionsAn EICU attached to a freestanding ED achieved significant reductions in resource-intensive medical care. Flexible, adaptable care systems should be explored for implementation in disaster response. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:496–502)
10
Cipolla, Valentina, Daniele Guerrieri, Giacomo Bonito, Simone Celsa, and Carlo de Felice. "Effects of contrast-enhancement on diffusion weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in 3-T magnetic resonance imaging of breast lesions." Acta Radiologica 59, no. 8 (2017): 902–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185117740759.
Full textAbstract:
Background The effect of gadolinium-based contrast agents on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) measurements of breast lesions is still not clear. Purpose To investigate gadolinium effects on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in breast lesions and normal parenchyma with 3 Tesla contrast-enhanced MRI. Material and Methods Pre- and post-contrast DWI (b = 0 and b = 1000 s/mm2) were acquired in 47 patients. Measured ADC values, pre- and post-contrast T2 signal intensity (T2 SI) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were compared with Wilcoxon signed-rank and rank-sum test ( P < 0.05). Results Post-contrast ADC was reduced only in malignant lesions (−34%), T2 SI was reduced both in malignant (−50%) and benign (−36%) lesions. Post-contrast CNR was reduced in all groups except for benign lesions. Conclusion Gadolinium-based contrast agent causes a significant reduction in ADC values of malignant breast lesions.
11
Nur, Muhammad. "PENGARUH TERAPI BEKAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA KEGAWAT DARURATAN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS PADEMAWU PAMEKASAN." Journal of Islamic Medicine 2, no. 1 (2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jim.v2i1.5012.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi, adalah meningkatnya tekanan darah atau kekuatan menekan darah pada dinding rongga di mana darah itu berada. Tekanan Darah Tinggi (hipertensi) adalah suatu peningkatan tekanan darah di dalam arteri. (Hiper artinya Berlebihan, Tensi artinya tekanan/tegangan; jadi, hipertensi adalah Gangguan sistem peredaran darah yang menyebabkan kenaikan tekanan darah diatas nilai normal. Tekanan darah ditulis sebagai tekanan sistolik garis miring tekanan diastolik, misalnya 120/80 mmHg, dibaca seratus dua puluh per delapan puluh. Sejalan dengan bertambahnya usia, hampir setiap orang mengalami kenaikan tekanan darah, tekanan sistolik terus meningkat sampai usia 80 tahun dan tekanan diastolik terus meningkat sampai usia 55-60 tahun, kemudian berkurang secara perlahan atau bahkan menurun drastis.</p><p>Berdasarkan hasil uji <em>Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test </em>(WSRT) didapatkan hasil dari gambar <em>ranks</em> bahwa nilai <em>sum ranks</em> berpihak positive dengan nilai sum : 45.00 artinya ada peningkatan terhadap tingkat keberhasilan antara sebelum Terapibekam dan sesudah dilakukan tindakan Terapibekam, dan selanjutnya dikonsultasikan dengan nilai sum table <em>Wilcoxon</em>. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil gambar <em>test statistic</em> didapatkan pula bahwa nilai <em>Asymp.Sig.</em> (2-tailed) : 0,003, dengan nilai probability (α) 0,05, artinya nilai <em>Asymp.Sig.</em> (2-tailed) 0,003 &lt; nilai probability 0,05.</p><p>Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan Terapibekam dapat menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien yang dilakukan tindakan pemas Terapibekam sehingga dapat direkomendasikan bahwa Terapibekam merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi yang menunjang intervensi keperawatan dan medis </p><p> </p>
12
Friedman, Daphne R., Mark C. Lanasa, Danielle M. Brander та ін. "Comparison of the PI3K-δ Inhibitors TGR1202 and GS-1101 in Inducing Cytotoxicity and Inhibiting Phosphorylation of Akt in CLL Cells in Vitro". Blood 120, № 21 (2012): 3914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.3914.3914.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Abstract 3914 Background: The PI3K pathway is a central pro-survival mechanism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Expression of the delta isoform of PI3K is largely restricted to lymphocytes. Inhibition of PI3K activity in vitro induces CLL cell apoptosis and death. Clinical evaluation of PI3K-d inhibitors, such as GS-1101, has been promising, with responses seen in relapsed and/or refractory CLL patients. TGR-1202 is a novel PI3K-d specific inhibitor previously demonstrated to inhibit Akt phosphorylation and induce apoptosis in B-cell lymphoma cell lines. Given the efficacy of other PI3K-d inhibitors observed in CLL, we assessed the ability of TGR-1202 to induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and inhibit Akt phosphorylation in primary CLL lymphocytes. Methods: We collected blood from CLL patients seen at the Duke Center for CLL and enrolled in IRB approved protocols at the Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers. CLL lymphocytes were isolated using negative selection yielding greater than 95% purity of CLL lymphocytes. Primary CLL cells were incubated with serial dilutions of TGR-1202 or GS-1101 for 48 hours and tested for apoptosis by activated caspase-3 and 7AAD staining measured by flow cytometry. After 72 hours of incubation with either compound, CLL cells were evaluated for cytotoxicity using the colorimetric MTS reagent. Phosphorylated Akt (S473) was measured by flow cytometry after one hour of incubation of either compound and ten minutes of incubation with anti-IgM or anti-IgD. Akt phosphorylation was quantified by median fluorescent intensity (MFI). Results: We evaluated TGR-1202 and GS-1101 in CLL lymphocytes collected from seven patients. Five had mutated IGHV, five had 13q deletion or normal cytogenetics determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization, three were ZAP-70 negative, and seven were CD38 negative. IgM expression ranged between 13% and 90%, whereas IgD expression was uniformly elevated. Both TGR-1202 and GS-1101 significantly induced apoptosis (caspase-3+/7AAD+) and cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in concentrations between 0.1 and 25.6 μM (p < 0.05 in pairwise Wilcoxon signed rank tests). There was no significant difference observed between the compounds in terms of induction of apoptosis or cytotoxicity at any of the tested concentrations tested (0.1 – 25.6 μM) except 0.4 μM, where GS-1101 induced more apoptosis and cytotoxicity (median of 18.6 vs. 13.7% caspase-3+/7AAD+; median of 55.2 vs. 48.6% cytotoxicity, p = 0.03 for both, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Incubation with anti-surface immunoglobulin significantly induced Akt phosphorylation compared to media alone (median MFI 1011.5 and 369, respectively, p = 0.03, Wilcoxon rank sum test). The addition of either TGR-1202 or GS-1101 significantly abrogated this effect (p = 0.03 for 0.1, 0.4, and 1.6 uM, Wilcoxon rank sum test) and returned Akt phosphorylation to baseline (p > 0.05 comparing drug treatment to media control, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Conclusions: TGR-1202 is a potent PI3K-δ inhibitor that suppresses Akt phosphorylation and induces apoptosis-dependent cytotoxicity in primary CLL lymphocytes. These effects are comparable to those seen with GS-1101, another PI3K-δ inhibitor that has demonstrated efficacy in CLL clinical trials. Differences seen at the 0.4 μM concentration were not observed at higher or lower concentrations. Evaluating additional CLL patients' cells would help clarify these findings. Given the improved selectivity for the delta isoform of PI3K seen with TGR-1202 compared to GS-1101, these results suggest that TGR-1202 may have benefit in treating CLL, while inducing fewer off-target effects and toxicities. These findings provide the rationale for future clinical trials evaluating TGR-1202 in CLL. Disclosures: Friedman: Rhizen Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Miskin:TG Therapeutics: Employment, Equity Ownership. Viswanadha:Incozen Therapeutics: Employment. Vakkalanka:Rhizen Pharmaceuticals: Employment, Equity Ownership.
13
Rather, Sajad Ahmad, and P. Shanthi Bala. "Hybridization of Chaotic Maps and Gravitational Search Algorithm for Constrained Mechanical and Civil Engineering Design Frameworks." International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing 13, no. 1 (2022): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamc.2022010102.
Full textAbstract:
The Chaotic Gravitational Search Algorithm (CGSA) is a physics-based heuristic algorithm inspired by Newton's law of universal gravitation. It uses 10 chaotic maps for optimal global search and fast convergence rate. The advantages of CGSA has been incorporated in various Mechanical and Civil engineering design frameworks which include Speed Reducer Design (SRD), Gear Train Design (GTD), Three Bar Truss Design (TBTD), Stepped Cantilever Beam Design (SCBD), Multiple Disc Clutch Brake Design (MDCBD), and Hydrodynamic Thrust Bearing Design (HTBD). The CGSA has been compared with eleven state of the art stochastic algorithms. In addition, a non-parametric statistical test namely the Signed Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test has been carried out at a 5% significance level to statistically validate the results. The simulation results indicate that CGSA shows efficient performance in terms of high convergence speed and minimization of the design parameter values as compared to other heuristic algorithms. The source codes are publicly available on Github i.e. https://github.com/SajadAHMAD1.
14
Kuncio, Daniel, Anthony Maganzini, Clarence Shelton, and Katherine Freeman. "Invisalign and Traditional Orthodontic Treatment Postretention Outcomes Compared Using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 5 (2007): 864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/100106-398.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective: To compare the postretention dental changes between patients treated with Invisalign and those treated with conventional fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative cohort study using patient records of one orthodontist in New York City. Two groups of patients were identified that differed only in the method of treatment (Invisalign and Braces group). Dental casts and panoramic radiographs were collected and analyzed using the objective grading system (OGS) of the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). The cases were evaluated immediately after appliance removal (T1) and at a postretention time (T2), three years after appliance removal. All patients had completed active orthodontic treatment and had undergone at least one year of retention. A Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to evaluate differences in treatment outcomes between the groups for each of the eight categories in the OGS, including four additional subcategories in the alignment category. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine the significance of changes within each group from T1 to T2. Results: The change in the total alignment score in the Invisalign group was significantly larger than that for the Braces group. There were significant changes in total alignment and mandibular anterior alignment in both groups. There were significant changes in maxillary anterior alignment in the Invisalign group only. Conclusions: In this sample for this period of observation, patients treated with Invisalign relapsed more than those treated with conventional fixed appliances.
15
Kovac, Evan, Raed A. Azhar, Adrienne Quirouet, Josee Delisle, and Maurice Anidjar. "Construct validity of the LapSim virtual reality laparoscopic." Canadian Urological Association Journal 6, no. 4 (2013): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.293.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: We assessed the construct validity of the LapSim laparoscopic surgical simulator in a urology residency training program.Methods: In total, 15 residents participated in the study betweenJuly 2007 and July 2008. The subjects were tested six times at onemonth intervals on three skill tasks (lifting and grasping, cuttingand clip application) using the LapSim laparoscopic simulator. Thetesting sessions were divided into the first three sessions (seminar1), and the subsequent three sessions (seminar 2). We evaluated thefollowing parameters: total time, path length, angular path length,tissue damage, maximum damage and stretch damage. The subjectswere divided into junior (PGY 1,2) and senior resident groups(PGY 3,4,5). The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test for paired sampleswas used to compare the performances of the juniors and seniorsduring seminar 1 to their performance in seminar 2 to determinewhether there was improvement over time. The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test for independent samples was used to compare the performance of the juniors to that of the seniors for seminar 1, seminar 2 and the combination of both seminars to determine whether the more experienced senior residents performed better than the lessexperienced juniors.Results: No significant performance improvement between testingsessions could be demonstrated. Similarly, there was no significantdifference in performance between junior and senior residents.Conclusions: Construct validity could not be demonstrated for thetotal time, path length, angular path length and tissue handlingparameters of the LapSim laparoscopic surgical simulator whenexamined within the context of a urology residency program.
16
Waters, Jonathan H., and Clifford A. Bernstein. "Dilutional Acidosis following Hetastarch or Albumin in Healthy Volunteers." Anesthesiology 93, no. 5 (2000): 1184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200011000-00008.
Full textAbstract:
Background The intent of this study was to evaluate the impact of the commonly used colloids-hetastarch and albumin-on in vivo acid-base balance. From this evaluation, a better understanding of the mechanism of dilutional acidosis was expected. Methods In a prospective, randomized fashion, 11 healthy volunteers were administered 15 ml/kg hetastarch solution, 6%, or 15 ml/kg albumin, 5%, intravenously over 30 min. Four weeks later, the study subjects were administered the other colloid. Arterial blood gas and electrolyte parameters were measured at baseline and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 210, and 300 min after colloid administration. Pre- and postlaboratory values were compared within groups using a paired t test and a Wilcoxon signed rank test and between groups using repeated-measures analysis of variance and a Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results Thirty min after infusion, subjects who were administered hetastarch showed statistically significant changes (P &lt; 0.05) in base excess (from 2.5 +/- 0.9 mEq/l to 0.7 +/- 1.1 mEq/l), HCO3- concentration (from 27 +/- 1.0 mEq/l to 25 +/- 1.3 mEq/l), Cl- concentration (from 108 +/- 2 mEq/l to 112 +/- 2 mEq/l), albumin concentration (from 4.4 +/- 0.2 g/dl to 3.5 +/- 0.5 g/dl), and arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2; from 40.8 +/- 2.3 mmHg to 39. 2 +/- 3.2 mmHg), whereas only the albumin concentration (from 4.4 +/- 0.2 g/dl to 4.8 +/- 0.6 g/dl) changed significantly in the albumin-treated group. Conclusions Decreases in base excess were observed for 210 min after hetastarch administration but not after albumin. The mechanism for this difference is discussed.
17
Rather, Sajad Ahmad, and P. Shanthi Bala. "Levy Flight and Chaos Theory-Based Gravitational Search Algorithm for Global Optimization." International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing 13, no. 1 (2022): 1–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamc.292496.
Full textAbstract:
The Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is one of the highly regarded population-based algorithms. It has been reported that GSA has a powerful global exploration capability but suffers from the limitations of getting stuck in local optima and slow convergence speed. In order to resolve the aforementioned issues, a modified version of GSA has been proposed based on levy flight distribution and chaotic maps (LCGSA). In LCGSA, the diversification is performed by utilizing the high step size value of levy flight distribution while exploitation is carried out by chaotic maps. The LCGSA is tested on well-known 23 classical benchmark functions. Moreover, it is also applied to three constrained engineering design problems. Furthermore, the analysis of results is performed through various performance metrics like statistical measures, convergence rate, and so on. Also, a signed Wilcoxon rank-sum test has also been conducted. The simulation results indicate that LCGSA provides better results as compared to standard GSA and most of the competing algorithms.
18
Jayakumar, Jayapriya, and Michael Arock. "Cellular Automata-Based PSO Algorithm for Aligning Multiple Molecular Sequences." International Journal of Applied Evolutionary Computation 7, no. 1 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaec.2016010101.
Full textAbstract:
In Bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the basic important concept that provides information for structural and functional analysis. Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) is a keystone problem in the sequence analysis that is used for constructing phylogenetic tree, finding motif, gene expression, etc. Basically, all biological computation issues are NP-complete problems. In this paper, a novel approach using Cellular Automata (CA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques are proposed for MSA problem. Both of these techniques handle NP-complete problems very skillfully. For experimental analysis, the BaliBASE benchmark dataset and two scoring functions Sum of Pairs (SP) and Total Column (TC) are considered in this paper for calculating the similarity among the sequences. Using the Wilcoxon matched pair signed rank test the significance of the proposed algorithm (PSOCA) is explained. This algorithm is compared with PSO, genetic algorithm and the state-of-the-art techniques. The results show that the PSOCA approach yields better performance than other state-of-the-art algorithms.
19
Asmirati, Marwidah, Mitra Asriani, and Irmawati. "Counseling Leaflet Methods And Social Media To Change Knowledge Of Pregnant Women In The Third Trimester At Salassae Health Center." Jurnal Life Birth 5, no. 2 (2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37362/jlb.v5i2.597.
Full textAbstract:
Family planning is an example of direct policy in the field of population control. Strategic intervention in safe motherhood efforts is expressed as 4 pillars namely family planning, antenatal care, clean and safe delivery, and essential obstetric services. The development of new media based on the internet has greatly influenced media consumption patterns in Indonesian society. The study used experimental quasi research designs with group pre-test and post-test designs. It used 100 respondents as selected samples using Purposive Sampling. The results of the statistical signed-rank test were obtained on average the knowledge of respondents before being given intervention with a leaflet of 9.76 while after being given intervention 16.34 with P value (Asymp). Sig. (2-tailed)) 0,000 where <0.05 so that it can be concluded that there are significant differences before and after respondents are given intervention with leaflets. The average value before being given intervention in the form of social media Whatsaap amounted to 8.54 while after being given an average value of 17.72 with an average value of 17.72 with P value (Asymp). Sig. (2-tailed)). Based on the results of the Wilcoxon statistics test sum rank test or commonly called Mann-Whitney u test obtained a mean leaflet value of 35.85 while Whatsapp social media amounted to 65.15 with a p-value of 0.00. This proves that WhatsApp social media has a greater influence in increasing knowledge compared to leaflet media.
20
Romanus, D., L. Archer, X. Wang, et al. "Does health-related quality of life (HRQL) improve for patients who respond to chemotherapy? Analysis of patients with advanced pancreas cancer (APC) receiving gemcitabine on Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) study #80303." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (2007): 9008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9008.
Full textAbstract:
9008 Background: Gemcitabine chemotherapy for APC is palliative and confers only modest survival advantage. Therefore HRQL concerns are of paramount importance. Methods: We compared HRQL scores based on response to chemotherapy at the first interval restaging (8 weeks). We evaluated HRQL at baseline on paper, and then q8 weeks by phone using the EQ5D instrument in patients with APC participating in a double-blind, randomized trial comparing overall survival for gemcitabine with bevacizumab (GB) or placebo (GP). The EQ5D is a HRQL measure whose composite (C) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores respectively reflect societal and patient valuations. Results: Among 552 patients starting protocol treatment, characteristics did not differ between 359 who did and 193 who didn’t complete baseline assessments. Patients who didn’t complete 8 week assessments were more likely to have died, progressed or discontinued protocol therapy. Changes in EQ5D scores from baseline to 8 weeks did not differ by treatment arm (p-values=0.84, 0.79 for C and VAS scales, Wilcoxon rank sum test). At 8 weeks, all patients and those with progressive disease had a modest decline in VAS scores (p-values≤0.02, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Comparisons of changes from baseline in C scores at 8 week follow-up revealed no differences within other response group strata (all p-values > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on this preliminary analysis, gemcitabine therapy was not associated with higher HRQL scores, nor was there any strong association between tumor response and HRQL. To increase data representativeness, future APC trials should assess HRQL more often than every 8 weeks. HRQL Scores Based on Gemcitabine Response Strata. Values are Mean (SD) [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
21
Lai, Chi-Chih, Pei-Wen Lin, Hsin-Ching Lin, et al. "Effects of Upper Airway Surgery on Daytime Sleepiness in Nonobese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 127, no. 12 (2018): 912–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489418800089.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of upper airway surgery on daytime sleepiness in nonobese patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSA). Methods: This retrospective study included 121 consecutive adult nonobese patients with OSA from a tertiary academic medical center. Patients with OSA who refused continuous positive airway pressure therapy, or in whom it was unsuccessful, and then underwent OSA surgery were enrolled. Evaluations of excessive daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and major parameters of objective full-night polysomnography were collected preoperatively and at least 3 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: When pre- and postoperative ESS and polysomnographic parameters were compared in all patients, ESS scores, apnea/hypopnea index, and snoring index showed statistically significant improvements ( P = .007, P < .001, and P < .001, respectively). When patients were classified into mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups, snoring index had statistically significant improvements in all 3 groups, and apnea/hypopnea index had statistically significant decreases in the moderate and severe OSA groups. Although reductions in ESS scores were found in all 3 groups, the most statistically significant improvement was noted only in the severe OSA group. Conclusions: OSA surgery can improve daytime sleepiness in nonobese patients with OSA, especially for patients with severe OSA. This study elucidates the effects of OSA surgery on daytime sleepiness by excluding the major confounding factor of obesity. This study adds to the literature on the effects of upper airway surgery for nonobese patients with OSA on daytime quality of life.
22
Jyothi, Sreedhar, Saqib Mir, David Salvage, and Colin Vize. "Non-invasive Classification of Orbital Tissue Pathology Based on Texture Analysis Parameters from Magnetic Resonance Images." European Ophthalmic Review 12, no. 2 (2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eor.2018.12.2.105.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:This proof-of-concept study aims to demonstrate that quantitative texture analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of orbital tumours can produce a unique footprint as an adjunct to histology and as a reference guide.Methods:‘MaZda’ texture analysis software programme version 4.6 and MedCalc software (18.10.2) were used for data procuring and analysis. The following statistical analyses were performed: analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare histogram means; Wilcoxon signed rank sum test to compare intra-lesion variability; Mann-Whitney U test to compare inter-lesion feature differences; area under curve to test sensitivity and specificity in differentiating abnormal from normal tissue; and Fisher’s coefficient and linear discriminant analysis to reduce data vector dimensions.Results:Thirteen cases were assessed. Eleven cases were imaged with similar protocols. The software produced characteristic histograms and other quantitative parameters for a variety of orbital pathologies. The mean of histograms differed significantly between pathologies as well as other texture features and there were significant minimal misclassifications on inter-tumour analysis. Though the test showed 100% sensitivity in detecting abnormal tissues, it was not specific in differentiating some of the adnexal normal tissues from certain types of orbital tumours.Conclusions:This proof-of-concept study confirms that the non-invasive classification of orbital tumours is achievable. Further studies are needed to create a larger reference framework.
23
Freitas, Paula de Souza Silva, Gabriella Barreto Soares, Helaine Jacinta Salvador Mocelin, et al. "Síndrome congênita do vírus Zika: perfil sociodemográfico das mães." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 43 (March 19, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2019.24.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:This proof-of-concept study aims to demonstrate that quantitative texture analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of orbital tumours can produce a unique footprint as an adjunct to histology and as a reference guide.Methods:‘MaZda’ texture analysis software programme version 4.6 and MedCalc software (18.10.2) were used for data procuring and analysis. The following statistical analyses were performed: analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare histogram means; Wilcoxon signed rank sum test to compare intra-lesion variability; Mann-Whitney U test to compare inter-lesion feature differences; area under curve to test sensitivity and specificity in differentiating abnormal from normal tissue; and Fisher’s coefficient and linear discriminant analysis to reduce data vector dimensions.Results:Thirteen cases were assessed. Eleven cases were imaged with similar protocols. The software produced characteristic histograms and other quantitative parameters for a variety of orbital pathologies. The mean of histograms differed significantly between pathologies as well as other texture features and there were significant minimal misclassifications on inter-tumour analysis. Though the test showed 100% sensitivity in detecting abnormal tissues, it was not specific in differentiating some of the adnexal normal tissues from certain types of orbital tumours.Conclusions:This proof-of-concept study confirms that the non-invasive classification of orbital tumours is achievable. Further studies are needed to create a larger reference framework.
24
Miller, Aspen, John Davison, Lisa Reider, et al. "Significant Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass Occurs After Femoral Fragility Fracture." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac062.019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives Femoral fragility fractures in the elderly result in devastating loss of physical function and muscle mass, which is a direct result of immobilization and nutrient deficiencies during healing. A better understanding of how muscle mass responds to injury is needed to critically evaluate nutrition interventions designed to prevent muscle loss and optimize function. The purpose of this study was to document sarcopenia, nutrition status, and changes in muscle mass after femoral fragility fractures. Methods A two-center prospective observational study enrolled individuals ≥65 years old admitted for operative fixation of a low-energy femoral fracture. Body composition was assessed within 72 hours of admission using bioelectrical impedance and repeated 6 and 12 weeks after injury. Sarcopenia was defined by gender-specific cutoffs for appendicular skeletal muscle mass index. Malnutrition was defined by Mini Nutritional Assessment®. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to assess 6 and 12-week change from baseline in skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Wilcoxon Rank Sum test was used to compare the change in SMM in those with vs without malnutrition and sarcopenia. SMM results are presented as median (interquartile range). Results Thirty participants (27% male) age 76.9 ± 8.9 years were enrolled. At baseline, 11 (37%) were sarcopenic, and 17 (59%) were at risk of malnutrition. SMM decreased 1.75kg (−3.30 to −0.40, p &lt; 0.001) by 6 weeks post-injury. By 12 weeks, participants lost 3.04 kg of SMM (−4.49 to −1.45), p &lt; 0.001). Participants with adequate baseline nutrition status lost more SMM at 6 weeks compared to those with at risk of malnutrition (−3.56 kg (−4.65 to −1.60) versus −1.22 kg (−2.00 to −0.20), P = 0.01). No difference was observed in SMM loss between those with vs without sarcopenia at baseline. Conclusions Femoral fragility fractures result in devastating losses of skeletal muscle mass. Most were at risk of malnutrition, but participants with adequate baseline nutrition lost more muscle mass, indicating that future investigations of interventions to prevent muscle loss should focus on all fragility fracture patients regardless of nutrition status. These results highlight the need for further investigation into interventions to mitigate muscle loss after injury. Funding Sources Orthopedic Trauma Association.
25
Pilmane, Māra, Kaiva Zīle Zariņa, and Zane Ābola. "Growth factors and chromogranin A in intra-abdominal adhesions of children." Papers on Anthropology 30, no. 2 (2022): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2021.30.2.06.
Full textAbstract:
Pathogenesis of adhesions is still unclear and does not give a clear response whether the morphopathogenetic mechanisms of congenital and acquired adhesions in children are different or not. Thus, we searched for the appearance and distribution of growth factors, their receptors and chromogranins in adhesions of children in the ontogenetic aspect. Tissues were obtained from 17 children of group 1 (1 day to 3 years old) and 10 children of group 2 (10 to 16 years old). Visibly intact peritoneum was obtained from teenagers of group 2 and used as control tissue. Routine staining and immunohistochemistry for insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF IR), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), chromogranin A (CgA) was applied. Statistical analysis included semi-quantitative evaluation of immunopositive structures, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Wilcoxon rank sum test for comparison of data. The results showed patchy fibrosis with round-shaped fibroblasts, neoangiogenesis and inflammation. Adhesions in group 1 demonstrated various appearance of IGF, IGF IR, few to moderate number of TGF-β-, HGF- and moderate number of CgA-containing cells. In both groups, fibroblasts predominated among actively expressing cells. Group 2 showed moderate to numerous IGFI and HGF positive cells, while IGF IR- and TGF-β-containing cells were numerous. Intact peritoneum showed variable TGF-β, CgA, and few to moderate HGF, IGFI, IGF IR cells. In conclusion, an increase in IGFI, IGF IR, TGF-β and HGF characterises the acquired (“aged”) adhesions. Fibroblasts are most active in adhesion formation with the increase of cellular activity during the aging of children and adhesions. Fibroblasts with changes in shape stimulate further development of disease via intensive CgA expression.
26
Lopez, Gabriel, Santhosshi Narayanan, Amie J. Christie, et al. "Effects of Tai Chi and Qi Gong group class participation on self-reported symptoms in cancer patients and caregivers: A preliminary report." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 31_suppl (2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.31_suppl.100.
Full textAbstract:
100 Background: Tai chi and qi gong are movement-based, mind-body approaches offered as part of an integrative oncology program at a comprehensive cancer center. We explored the effects of tai chi and qi gong group class participation on cancer patient and caregiver self-reported symptoms. Methods: Patients and caregivers attending a tai chi and/or qi gong group class completed the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) immediately before and after participation. The ESAS assessed 10 symptoms (scale 0-10, 10 worst possible); ESAS subscales analyzed included global (GDS), physical (PHS), and psychosocial (PSS). Descriptive statistics; Chi-Squared test, Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for data analysis. Results: 304 participants (Oct 2017-April 2019; 184 patients, 120 caregivers; 72% women, 60% white; mean age 58) were included in the analysis. For patients (symptom reduction by class type: tai chi -4.5 SD 7.6; qi gong -6.1 SD 7.9) and caregivers (tai chi -3.7 SD 6.3; qi gong -4.0 SD 7.8), both class types contributed to clinically and statistically significant improvement (ESAS GDS decrease ≥3; p’s ≤0.0001) in global distress. Patients (-2.07 SD 5.49) and caregivers (-2.34 SD 3.71) participating in tai chi experienced clinically and statistically significant improvement in physical distress (ESAS PHS decrease ≥2; p’s ≤0.0001). For the individual symptom of well-being, we observed clinically and statistically significant improvement for caregivers participating in qi gong (-1.2 SD 2) and patients participating in tai chi (-1.0 SD 1.8) (p’s ≤0.0001). For fatigue, patients (-1.4) and caregivers (-1.0) participating in qi gong experienced clinically and statistically significant improvement (p’s ≤0.0001). Conclusions: Patients and caregivers participating in both class types experienced significant improvement in physical and global distress. Additional research is warranted to learn more about how differences in class content (tai chi vs qi gong) and participants may contribute to observed differences in symptom change.
27
Shneor, Einat, Ravid Doron, Jonathan Levine, et al. "Objective Behavioral Measures in Children before, during, and after the COVID-19 Lockdown in Israel." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (2021): 8732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168732.
Full textAbstract:
Studies using questionnaires report that COVID-19 restrictions resulted in children spending significantly less time outdoors. This study used objective measures to assess the impact of pandemic-related restrictions on children’s behavior. A total of 19 healthy 8–12-year-old boys were observed before and during social restriction periods. Of these, 11 boys were reassessed after restrictions were lifted. For each session, Actiwatches were dispensed for measures of time outdoors, activity, and sleep. Changes overall and by school status were assessed using signed-rank test and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. During restrictions, children spent significantly less time outdoors (p = 0.001), were less active (p = 0.001), and spent less time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p = 0.004). Sleep duration was not significantly different between sessions (p > 0.99), but bedtime and wake time shifted to a later time during restrictions (p < 0.05 for both). Time outdoors and activity returned close to pre-pandemic levels after restrictions were lifted (p > 0.05 for both). Children’s behaviors significantly changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The reduction in outdoor light exposure is of importance due to the role of light in the etiology of myopia and vitamin D production. The reduction in physical activity may have negative health effects in terms of obesity and depression, although further research is required to ascertain the long-term effects.
28
Manju, M., P. Prathyusha, Elizabeth Joseph, Rupali Borkar Kaul, Srinivas L. Shanthraj, and Ntasha Sethi. "Evaluation of the effect of three supplementary oral hygiene measures on salivary mutans streptococci levels in children: A randomized comparative clinical trial." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 04 (2015): 462–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.172616.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of tongue scraping, tongue brushing, and saturated saline on salivary MS levels. Materials and Methods: A single-blinded, randomized, parallel group clinical trial was conducted in children aged 9–12 years. Total sample of 45 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, that is, Group A, Group B, and Group C comprised of 15 each. Group A, Group B, and Group C were asked to do tongue scraping, tongue brushing and saturated saline rinsing twice daily, respectively for 21 days. Saliva samples, collected from the subjects on the baseline, 7th day and 21st day, were inoculated on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. The mean streptococcal colony forming counts were enumerated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank sum test for intragroup comparisons and Mann–Whitney U-test for intergroup comparisons. Results: Intragroup comparisons showed statistically significant reduction in MS levels (P < 0.01). However, the intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The oral hygiene measures evaluated proved equal efficacy in reducing the colony counts. Hence, there is a need to emphasize the importance of incorporating supplementary oral hygiene measures in daily oral care.
29
Lee, Mi Sook, and Mee Ock Gu. "Development and Effects of Combined Exercise and an Exercise Habit Formation Program for Undergraduate Nursing Students." Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing 27, no. 4 (2020): 413–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2020.27.4.413.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and test the effects of a combined exercise and exercise habit formation program for undergraduate nursing students.Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The participants were 44 students (experimental group: 23, control group: 21) who had not done regular exercise for over 3 months before this study. The program was developed based on theory of planned behavior and the habit formation model. The program consisted of 24 sessions for 8 weeks and included combined exercise (aerobic exercise 30 minutes, resistance exercise 20 minutes, and flexibility exercise 10 minutes), exercise intention promotion strategy and exercise habit formation strategy (30 minutes, weekly). Data collection was done before, and immediately after the program: September 4 to October 29. Data were analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, <i>x</i><sup>2</sup> test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test with SPSS/ WIN 21.0 program.Results: Exercise intention, exercise habit strength, exercise behavior, and physical fitness (cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, and muscle endurance) were significantly better and stress and fatigue were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group.Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the combined exercise and exercise habit formation program for undergraduate nursing students was effective and can be recommended as an intervention for improving healthy lifestyle of undergraduate nursing students.
30
Stellner, Bernhard. "Influence of Parental Experience on Transformational Leadership Behaviour: A Test of Work–Family Enrichment of Male Managers from an Employee Perspective." Organizacija 55, no. 2 (2022): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/orga-2022-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: When a male leader becomes a father, changes in his transformational leadership behaviour occur due to shifted priorities, role expectations and resource transfer between domains. Work–life enrichment research acknowledges the positive overall effects of fatherhood on overall transformational leadership behaviours. Our quantitative study contributes to existing knowledge by analysing the perception of behavioural changes of leaders from the employees’ view. The results are matched with previous studies to assess differences of perception between leaders and employees. Methods: Our research uses a granular, detailed definition of transformational leadership. Based on a sample of 139 respondents, we test the positive effects of fatherhood on leadership performance with Wilcoxon signed rank sum tests. Results: 13 out of 15 transformational leadership behaviours improve significantly with fatherhood. We find that leaders and employees view change differently. Employees perceive improvement similarly in terms of direction, but it is less pronounced in terms of magnitude. Moreover, we find that well rated leaders tend to benefit the most from fatherhood, at least from the perspective of their employees. Males perceive higher levels of improvement than females, which we attribute to a gender empathy bias. Conclusion: Our study confirms work–family enrichment theory and the positive effects of fatherhood on transformational leadership behaviour. Nevertheless, we show that not all involved parties perceive behavioural changes conformably.
31
Johnson, Abigail, Mo Houtti, Anna Saboe, Katie Koecher, Ravi Menon, and Dan Knights. "Whole Wheat and Bran Cereal Affects Microbiome Stability." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab054_017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives Health outcomes in previous fiber intervention studies have been variable, potentially due to differences in gut microbiome composition. This study aimed to determine if the effect of fiber intervention on the microbiome differs by initial microbiome or the quantity of fiber provided. Methods This study was designed as a randomized, un-blinded, cross-over trial of fiber cereal dosage. The cross-over design tested the effect of two 2-week long interventions with a High (28g) and Low (14g) level of daily supplemental fiber from whole wheat and bran cereal. Analysis was also completed on the overall study as a single arm, non-randomized, intervention of fiber cereal. The study enrolled 31 healthy adults. The microbiome was assessed at baseline and after intervention for changes in diversity, composition, and stability. Results Across all individuals, fiber intervention increased microbiome alpha-diversity (paired t-test, P = 0.047), but the microbiome was otherwise resistant to the effects of the intervention. Increasing fiber dose (High v. Low) was not associated with consistent changes in beta-diversity (linear mixed models). Approximately 20% of subjects were identified as responders based on beta diversity effect size. At baseline, responders had higher Prevotella copri and lower Bacteroides abundance than non-responders (Wilcoxon rank sum, qval &lt; 0.05). In responders, fiber intake caused increased abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes and reduced Prevotella (paired Wilcoxon, q &lt; 0.2). In all subjects, fiber intervention decreased microbiome stability (paired Wilcoxon signed rank test, P = 0.006). In responders, there was a significant effect of the fiber level on stability, with higher fiber further lowering stability (linear mixed model, P = 0.05). Conclusions Our data suggest a responder/non-responder microbiome signature for this whole wheat and bran fiber cereal. We find that many effects were not additive by dosage level. Overall, microbiome diversity was increased and stability was decreased during the fiber cereal intervention and in responders this was dose dependent; the clinical implications of the impact of changes in stability remain unknown, and it is possible that the microbiome would stabilize in a longer intervention study. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03623308. Funding Sources General Mills, Inc.
32
Khalaf, Roaya, Sarah Martin, Cathy Ellis, et al. "Relative preservation of triceps over biceps strength in upper limb-onset ALS: the ‘split elbow’." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 7 (2019): 730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-319894.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectiveAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the motor system. The split hand sign in ALS refers to observed preferential weakness of the lateral hand muscles, which is unexplained. One possibility is larger cortical representation of the lateral hand compared with the medial. Biceps strength is usually preserved relative to triceps in neurological conditions, but biceps has a larger cortical representation and might be expected to show preferential weakness in ALS.MethodsUsing the South-East England Register for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, we performed a retrospective longitudinal cohort study and extracted the modified Medical Research Council (MRC) muscle strength score for biceps and triceps in patients with a diagnosis of upper limb-onset ALS in the 19-year period 1996–2015. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess the relative strength of the muscles within the total sum of the upper limbs involved in the study.ResultsThere were 659 people with upper limb onset of weakness. In 215 there were insufficient data to perform the analysis, and a further 33 were excluded for other reasons, leaving 411 for analysis. Biceps was stronger than triceps in 87 limbs, and triceps was stronger than biceps in 258 limbs, with no difference seen in the remaining 477. Triceps strength scores (mean rank=186.1) were higher than ipsilateral biceps strength scores (mean rank=134.2), Z=−10.1, p<0.001 (two-tailed).ConclusionTriceps strength is relatively preserved compared with biceps in ALS. This is consistent with a broadly corticofugal hypothesis of selective vulnerability, in which susceptibility might be associated with larger cortical representation.
33
Lalani, Aly-Khan A., Laurence Albiges, Kathryn P. Gray, et al. "Differential expression of c-Met between primary and metastatic sites in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its association with PD-L1 expression." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.4573.
Full textAbstract:
4573 Background: Preclinical models show that c-Met promotes survival of renal cancer cells through the regulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). The relationship between c-Met and PD-L1 in human ccRCC is not well characterized. We compared c-Met expression between primary and metastatic sites in ccRCC tissues and evaluated the association with PD-L1 expression. Methods: Pairedprimary and metastatic samples from 45 ccRCC patients were included. Areas with predominant and highest Fuhrman nuclear grade (FNG) were selected. c-Met expression was evaluated by IHC using an anti-Met monoclonal antibody (MET4 Ab, VARI) and calculated by a combined score (CS, 0-300) as: intensity of c-Met staining (0-3) x % of positive cells (0-100). PD-L1 expression was previously assessed by IHC (PMID: 26014095). c-Met expression (average c-Met CS) between paired primary and metastatic samples were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Associations of c-Met expression with PD-L1 expression (+/-) and other clinical features were assessed with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: Our cohort included 45 primary ccRCCs and 54 corresponding metastases. c-Met expression was higher in metastatic sites compared to primary (c-Met CS: 55 vs. 28, p=0.0003) and was numerically-greater in PD-L1+ vs. PD-L1- tumors. Higher c-Met expression was associated with higher FNG and T-stage in both primary and metastatic sites (Table). Conclusions: Higher c-Met expression in metastases compared to paired primary tumors in our cohort of ccRCC suggests that testing for biomarkers of response to c-Met inhibitors should be conducted in metastases. Although the observation of higher c-Met expression in PD-L1+ tumors requires further investigation, it supports exploring these targets in combination trials. [Table: see text]
34
Narayanan, Anagha, and Susheel Shetty. "A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL TO STUDY THE EFFICACY OF SATYADI CHURNA AND VYAGHRI CHURNA IN TAMAKA SWASA." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 9, no. 9 (2021): 2006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj1209092021.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: Tamaka Swasa is a form of Swasa Roga primarily affecting the Pranavaha Srotas characterized by Swasakrichratha, Ghurghuraka, Teevra vega Swasa etc. Tamaka Swasa in Ayurvedic classics appears to be similar to Bronchial Asthma. Several medications are available in today’s medical system to treat this disease, but they are known to cause a variety of side effects. Hence, the suffering population is turning to conventional remedies for better relief. In this regard, Ayurveda can provide promising results in Tamaka Swasa with varieties of treatment modalities. In light of these considerations, the aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of two Ayurvedic formulations Satyadi Churna listed in Swasakarmavipaka adhyaya in Brihat Nighantu Ratnakara and Vyaghri Churna mentioned in Curnakalpana Adhyaya in Sharangdhara Samhita in the treatment of mild to moderate Bronchial Asthma. Materials and Methods: 40 Tamaka Swasa Subjects were selected those fulfilling the diagnostic and inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned into two equal groups. Comparative analysis of the overall effect of the treatments in both the Groups was done statistically with Mann- Whitney Rank Sum Test and within the Group comparison with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Within the group comparison showed statistically significant results for all the criteria in Group A while in Group B except Peenasa all other criteria showed statistically significant results. Conclusion: When comparing both groups Satyadi Churna showed better improvement in the symptoms of Tamaka Swasa than Vyaghri Churna. Hence H1 holds good and proved. Keywords: Tamaka Swasa, Bronchial Asthma, Satyadi Churna, Vyaghri Churna, Peak flow meter.
35
Kumar Sharma, Krishna, Ayan Seal, Enrique Herrera-Viedma, and Ondrej Krejcar. "An Enhanced Spectral Clustering Algorithm with S-Distance." Symmetry 13, no. 4 (2021): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040596.
Full textAbstract:
Calculating and monitoring customer churn metrics is important for companies to retain customers and earn more profit in business. In this study, a churn prediction framework is developed by modified spectral clustering (SC). However, the similarity measure plays an imperative role in clustering for predicting churn with better accuracy by analyzing industrial data. The linear Euclidean distance in the traditional SC is replaced by the non-linear S-distance (Sd). The Sd is deduced from the concept of S-divergence (SD). Several characteristics of Sd are discussed in this work. Assays are conducted to endorse the proposed clustering algorithm on four synthetics, eight UCI, two industrial databases and one telecommunications database related to customer churn. Three existing clustering algorithms—k-means, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise and conventional SC—are also implemented on the above-mentioned 15 databases. The empirical outcomes show that the proposed clustering algorithm beats three existing clustering algorithms in terms of its Jaccard index, f-score, recall, precision and accuracy. Finally, we also test the significance of the clustering results by the Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test, Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test, and sign tests. The relative study shows that the outcomes of the proposed algorithm are interesting, especially in the case of clusters of arbitrary shape.
36
Naik, R., D. Jin, E. Chuang, et al. "Circulating endothelial progenitor cells correlate to stage in patients with invasive breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.616.
Full textAbstract:
616 Background: Tumor growth and metastasis is dependent on neo-angiogenesis. Both pre-existing and circulating vascular cells have been shown to contribute to the assembly of tumor neo-vessels in specific tumors. Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the bone marrow constitutes a crucial step in the formation of de novo blood vessels, and levels of peripheral blood EPCs have been shown to be increased in certain malignant states. However, the role of circulating EPCs in breast cancer is largely unknown. Methods: We recruited twenty-five patients with biopsy-proven invasive breast cancer (BC) at Weill Cornell Breast Center to participate in a pilot study investigating the correlation of circulating EPCs to extent of disease and initiation of chemotherapy. For each patient, a baseline sample was drawn before systemic treatment, and for seventeen of those patients, a second sample was taken after the first round of chemotherapy. Levels of peripheral blood EPCs, as defined by co-expression of CD133 and VEGFR2, were quantified by flow cytometry. Results: BC patients with stage III & IV disease had statistically higher levels of circulating EPCs than did patients with stage I & II disease (median=165,000 EPCs/5×106MNCs vs. median=6,920 EPCs/5x106MNCs, respectively, p < 0.0001 by Wilcoxon rank-sum test). In addition, in late-stage patients, levels of EPCs demonstrated a statistically significant drop after initiation of chemotherapy (median=162,500 EPCs/5x106MNCs [pre] vs. median=117,500 EPCs/5x106MNCs [post], p = 0.01 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Conclusion: These results suggest that circulating EPCs may serve as a potential tumor biomarker in breast cancer and that EPCs may represent a plausible target for future therapeutic intervention. Supported in part by the Mentored Medical Student in Clinical Research Program (General Clinical Research Center/National Institutes of Health Grant M01RR00047), Madeline & Stephen Anbinder Clinical Scholar Award, and Anne Moore Breast Cancer Research Fund No significant financial relationships to disclose.
37
Kohli, Manish, Patrick W. Eiken, Brendan P. McMenomy, et al. "Effect of metastatic site biopsy on circulating tumor cell (CTC) count in castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) stage." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 7_suppl (2015): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.190.
Full textAbstract:
190 Background: It is not known if biopsy of CRPC stage metastases alters CTC results. We evaluated pre & post biopsy CTC counts in a prospective cohort undergoing pre-chemotherapy abiraterone acetate/prednisone (AA/P). Methods: CTC enumeration was performed on 7.5mL blood using the FDA cleared immunomagnetic/immunofluorescence assay (CellSearch). Time of blood draw for CTC counts pre/post biopsy was recorded for each biopsy. Biopsies were performed using 11/13 gauge core biopsy device for bone lesions and 18 gauge core needle biopsy device for soft tissue/nodal metastases. All patients (pts) underwent two serial biopsies 3 months apart. Change in CTC counts pre/post biopsy for visits 1 and 2 were evaluated using Wilcoxon signed rank test (significance at p<0.05). Differences in CTC count change (visit1) pre/post biopsy based on metastatic site (skeletal vs. non-skeletal) was compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results: Median age of the cohort was 74 years (IQR: 68-78); median PSA at V1 was 16.4 ng/ml (IQR: 6.4-87.6); at V2 was 11.5 ng/ml (IQR: 1.8-23.7). Of 59 pts undergoing biopsies 42 were in bone and 17 in nodal/soft tissue masses. At V1, pre/post biopsy CTC counts were measured on 50 and 49 pts, respectively; at V2, pre/post CTC counts were measured on 43 and 36 pts. High volume metastatic disease at V1 was observed in 67.8 % of all pts. Table lists CTC counts and time of collection pre/post biopsy for both visits. Mean change in pre/post biopsy CTC counts for skeletal sites was 0.7 (range: -12 to 64) compared to 12.1 (range: -21 to 13) for non-skeletal sites (p=0.23). Conclusions: An increase in mean CTC counts after biopsy of CRPC metastases was observed. No significant differences in change of CTC counts based on site biopsied (skeletal versus non-skeletal) was noted. Correlation with clinical outcomes is on-going. Clinical trial information: NCT# 01953640. [Table: see text]
38
Rather, Sajad Ahmad, and Perumal Shanthi Bala. "Lévy flight and chaos theory-based gravitational search algorithm for mechanical and structural engineering design optimization." Open Computer Science 11, no. 1 (2021): 509–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/comp-2020-0223.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The main aim of this article is to explore the real-life problem-solving potential of the proposed Lévy flight-based chaotic gravitational search algorithm (LCGSA) for the minimization of engineering design variables of speed reducer design (SRD), three bar truss design (TBTD), and hydrodynamic thrust bearing design (HTBD) problems. In LCGSA, the diversification of the search space is carried out by Lévy flight distribution. Simultaneously, chaotic maps have been utilized for the intensification of the candidate solutions towards the global optimum. Moreover, the penalty function method has been used to deal with the non-linear and fractional design constraints. The investigation of experimental outcomes has been performed through various performance metrics like statistical measures, run time analysis, convergence rate, and box plot analysis. Moreover, statistical verification of experimental results is carried out using a signed Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Furthermore, eleven heuristic algorithms were employed for comparative analysis of the simulation results. The simulation outcomes clearly show that LCGSA provides better values for TBTD and HTBD benchmarks than standard GSA and most of the competing algorithms. Besides, all the participating algorithms, including LCGSA, have the same results for the SRD problem. On the qualitative side, LCGSA has successfully resolved entrapment in local minima and convergence issues of standard GSA.
39
Petralia, G., L. Preda, F. Chiesa, et al. "Role of perfusion computed tomography (CTp) for pretherapy assessment and induction chemotherapy monitoring (IC) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): e17015-e17015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e17015.
Full textAbstract:
e17015 Background: Reliable assessment of the response to IC is required to stratify further treatments, as responders are considered the best candidates for organ preservation strategies. We evaluated the role of CTp for pre-therapy assessment and IC monitoring in patients with SCC of the head and neck. Methods: From November 2004, 28 consecutive patients with locally advanced SCC of the head and neck were enrolled, undergoing CTp and volumetric CT before and after IC with cisplatin, administered at a dose of 100 mg/m2 iv, on day 1, and 5-fluorouracil, administered at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2 ci from day 1 to day 5, q3wks for 2 or 3 cycles. Perfusion parameters were calculated for tumor: blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and capillary permeability-surface (PS). The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to test for differences in the pre-therapy perfusion parameters between the different tumor grades, as well as between responders and nonresponders to IC. The post-therapy perfusion parameters were compared with the pre-therapy ones by the Wilcoxon signed rank test and percent changes in perfusion parameters were correlated with percent changes in tumor volume calculated by volumetric CT after IC by the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: Pre-therapy BF was significantly higher in G3 tumors, compared to G1 and G2 (p = 0.01) and G2 tumors (p = 0.03), and pre-therapy BV significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders (p = 0.01). Of the 20 patients who underwent post-therapy CTp, the 17 responders had significant reduction of BF (p = 0.003) and BV (p = 0.014) and increase of MTT (p = 0.04) in the post-therapy CTp, whereas the 3 non responders no significant changes in perfusion parameters. In the 17 responders, percent reduction in BF and BV showed correlation (Spearman R = 0.71, p = 0.0013 and R = 0.82, p = 0.00005, respectively) with percent reduction in tumor volume after IC. Conclusions: In our cohort of patients with SCC of the head and neck, CTp showed potential for pre-therapy assessment, as well as for IC monitoring; further studies are required to confirm our preliminary results. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
40
Rohmadi, Endar, Masahiko Sekine, and Bakti Setiawan. "Impact of slum upgrading to river water quality in Yogyakarta city, Indonesia." Jurnal Teknosains 12, no. 1 (2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.78952.
Full textAbstract:
Due to a lack of proper sanitation services, the disposal of residential wastewater from slum areas has become one of the river pollution contributors. In Yogyakarta slums were concentrated along the riverbanks of the Winongo, Code and Gajahwong rivers. Due to slum upgrading, slums have declined from 264.5 ha to 114.72 ha between 2016 and 2020. This research aims to determine the correlation between slum upgrading and river water quality. The data was acquired from the Government of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, and examined using ten water parameters from 2013 to 2021. Using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Spearman Rank, it was found that population density positively correlated with Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform (p<0.05). It was also seen that the slum ratio showed a positive correlation with BOD, COD, TSS, pH, and NH3-N (p<0.05). The number of WWTP had a positive correlation with PO4-P (p= 0.037), whereas the number of connected houses to WWTP reported a positive correlation with P04-P (p=0.028). In addition, a significant decrease in BOD, COD, NH3-N, pH, and TSS were found using the Paired t-test and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. (p<0.05). Slum upgrading notably reduced organic pollutants and suspended solids. However, the performance of WWTP did not perform a maximal contribution to reducing PO4-P and Coliform; therefore, it is necessary to improve the performance. This study might be used to enhance the river and urban management in Yogyakarta City.
41
Salim, Juan P., Rosana F. Marta, and Felisa C. Molinas. "Megakaryocyte-Active Chemokines: Dysregulation in the SDF-1a/CXCR4 Axis in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 4969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4969.4969.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Chemokines belong to a large family of molecules that are implicated in the localization and production of blood cells. Some of them, such as Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and GRO-a, participate in the regulation of megakaryopoiesis, mostly by exerting an inhibitory action. Recently, the involvement of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in synergizing the stimulatory effect of thrombopoietin on megakaryopoiesis and its participation in megakaryocyte transendothelial migration has been described. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the plasma levels of IL-8, GRO- a and SDF-1 in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by megakaryocytic hyperproliferation with increased circulating platelet count. Besides, the corresponding chemokine receptors were assayed on platelet membrane from ET patients. A cohort of 27 patients diagnosed according to the Polycitemia Vera Study Group were enrolled in the study (mean age, 45; 21 women). Twenty-seven normal subjects matched by sex and age were taken as the control group. The Ethic Committee from IDIM A. Lanari approved the study and all patients and normal controls signed the informed consent. Plasma levels of the chemokines were measured by ELISA technique (R&D Systems) according to the manufacturer. Expression levels of IL-8 receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2), GRO-a receptors (CXCR2) and SDF-1 receptors (CXCR4) on platelet membrane were evaluated by flow cytometry using specific MoAbs and the corresponding isotype controls (B-D Pharmingen). Flow cytometry results were expressed as relative fluorescence intensity (RFI, the relationship between the mean fluorescence intensity from the specific antibody and the isotype control). Results were expressed as median and range. Statistic analysis was carried out using Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon rank sum test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Plasma levels of the chemokines measured in 19 ET patients were similar to that found in normal controls, IL-8 2.5, pg/ml (0.8–28.2) and 2.8 pg/ml (1.1–16.5), GRO-a, 30.0 pg/ml (7.4–463.1) and 23.9 pg/ml (9.6–148.0), SDF-1, 1895.0 pg/ml (1246.0–2719.0) and 1915.0 pg/ml (822–2424.0), respectively. The expression levels of CXCR4 receptor was found diminished in platelets from ET patients, RIF 16.94 (1.3–31.3) compared to normal controls, 27.4 (2.4–58.4); p=0.0059, n=10. However, the expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 in platelets from ET patients was normal. In conclusion, although plasma levels of the chemoquines IL-8, GRO-a and SDF-1 were normal in these patients, the decreased level of CXCR4 on platelet membrane suggests a dysregulation in the SDF-1a/CXCR4 axis in patients with essential thrombocythemia.
42
Packiam, Vignesh T., Bimal Bhindi, Henan Zhang, et al. "The impact of surgical resection on circulating tumor-reactive cytotoxic T cells for patients with renal tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 6_suppl (2020): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.725.
Full textAbstract:
725 Background: The impact of surgical resection of renal tumors on peripheral immune related cells is not well characterized, and has potential implications as biomarkers for systemic immune therapy are being developed. We sought to assess the effect of surgical resection on circulating cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs) for patients with renal tumors. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 40 patients undergoing partial, radical, or cytoreductive nephrectomy (PN, RN, CN) for unilateral primary renal tumors between 2016 and 2018. Blood draws were performed pre-op, 1 day post-op, and 3 months post-op. Flow cytometry was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The % of PBMCs expressing CD11a/CD8 (CTLs) were assessed. The % of CTLs expressing PD-1, Bim (a downstream PD-1 pathway pro-apoptotic mediator), CX3CR1/GZMB (an effector memory T-cell phenotype), and Ki67 (a proliferation marker) were assessed. Median changes in % of CTLs were evaluated with the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Comparisons between aggressive (pT3-4, N1, M1, or aggressive histology (high-grade, coagulative necrosis, sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, or specific RCC-variant histologies)) versus indolent tumors were assessed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Twenty, 12, and 8 patients underwent RN, PN, and CN, respectively. Thirty, 7, and 3 patients had clear-cell RCC, non-clear cell RCC, and oncocytoma, respectively. Twenty-three and 17 patients had aggressive and indolent tumors, respectively. While there was no significant change at 1 day, by 3 months there were significantly increased CTLs among PBMCs (+1.3%; p=0.004). There was significant decrease in CX3CR1+GZMB+ CTLs (-2.9%; p<0.001) and significant increase in Bim+ CTLs (+3.0%; p=0.03) at 1 day but not 3 months. Interestingly, Ki67+ CTLs increased at day 1 (+0.6%; p<0.001) but decreased by 3 months (-0.6%; p=0.001). There were no significant changes in PD-1+ CTLs at either time point. There were no significant changes in any CTL characteristics at 1 day or 3 months between aggressive and indolent tumors. Conclusions: These findings characterize changing CTL profiles over time with surgical resection of renal tumors which may help guide biomarker development.
43
Poole, Brian, Daniel Clark, Brandon Henrie, et al. "Altered IRF5 exon usage and increased expression of IRF7 targets in cells with an allele associated with risk for lupus (47.27)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 47.27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.47.27.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs2004640 within interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a well established genetic risk locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The overall effects on the cell, as well as the mechanisms through which this polymorphism enhances the risk for lupus remain elusive. Since an alternate first exon is created by this polymorphism, we hypothesized that the risk haplotype causes changes in splicing patterns. We further hypothesized that the risk allele may alter the expression levels of the transcriptional targets of either IRF5 or IRF7, which is modulated by IRF5. Methods. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from lupus unaffected individuals after informed consent. DNA was extracted and genotyped for the allele at rs2004640. IRF 5 splice variant usage in EBV-transformed cells from nine race, sex, and age-matched pairs differing in rw2004640 genotype were compared using quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of genes regulated by IRF5 and IRF7 was also compared using quantitative RT-PCR. Statistical differences were evaluated using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Results. Cells with the risk haplotype had more IRF5 mRNA (1.5-fold, p=0.05), but less exon 1C (1.9-fold, p=0.017) and less exon 1D (3.5-fold, p=0.012) than those with the protective type. Additionally, transcription of three targets of IRF7 was increased in risk cells, (average 1.5-fold increase, p&lt;0.05).
44
Takahashi, Masahide, Kazutaka Kamiya, Yusuke Kono, and Nobuyuki Shoji. "Time Course of Changes in Simulated Keratometry and Total Corneal Refractive Power after Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Progressive Keratoconus." BioMed Research International 2018 (August 12, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2620784.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. To assess the simulated keratometry (Sim K) and the total corneal refractive power (TCRP) in eyes undergoing conventional corneal cross-linking (CXL). Methods. This study comprised 20 eyes of 20 keratoconic patients (14 men and 6 women; median age (25th and 75th percentile), 26.5 (21.8, 38.0) years) who underwent CXL. The Sim K and TCRP were measured with a rotating Scheimpflug system (Pentacam HR, Oculus), preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Results. The values of Sim K were 52.65 (46.00, 55.70), 52.45 (45.85, 56.88), 51.70 (45.78, 55.83), 51.40 (45.68, 56.80), and 51.25 (46.08, 56.15) D preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, respectively. The corresponding figures of TCRP were 52.10 (45.48, 55.08), 51.30 (45.18, 55.20), 50.95 (45.15, 54.50), 50.00 (45.18, 55.08), and 49.80 (45.48, 54.15) D, respectively. The variances of the Sim K and TCRP data were not statistically significant (p=0.994 and p=0.970, respectively, Kruskal–Wallis test). The Sim K was significantly larger than the TCRP before CXL and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after CXL (p<0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Conclusions. Not only the Sim K but also TCRP was decreased by approximately 1 D after CXL. The Sim K readings may overestimate the TCRP, even after CXL for progressive keratoconus.
45
Zhu, Andrew X., Josep M. Llovet, Masahiro Kobayashi, et al. "Exploratory circulating biomarker analyses: lenvatinib + pembrolizumab (L + P) in a phase 1b trial in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): 4084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.4084.
Full textAbstract:
4084 Background: In a phase 1b trial (NCT03006926), L + P had promising antitumor activity as first-line (1L) therapy in uHCC. We present exploratory biomarker analyses of circulating angiogenic factors and cytokines/chemokines related to the mechanism of action of L + P (ie, pharmacodynamic [PD] biomarkers), as well as biomarker correlations with clinical outcomes in patients (pts) with uHCC, from this trial. Methods: Pts received lenvatinib 12 mg/d (bodyweight [BW] >60 kg) or 8 mg/d (BW < 60 kg) PO + pembrolizumab 200 mg IV Q3W. Tumors were assessed using mRECIST or RECIST v1.1 per independent imaging review. Peripheral blood samples were collected before administration of study drug at baseline, cycle (C) 2, day (D) 1, C3D1, C4D1, and off-treatment. 43 Biomarkers were assayed in serum from 100 1L uHCC pts (excluding 4 pts from the dose-limiting toxicity part of the trial with prior sorafenib). Of these 43, 31 biomarkers (for which ≤20% of samples had measurements above/below the quantification limit of the assay) were included in the analyses. Changes in biomarker levels from baseline were evaluated via 1-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Associations were explored between changes in biomarker levels and maximum tumor shrinkage (MTS) via the Spearman’s rank correlation test, objective response (OR; complete response + partial response) via the Wilcoxon rank sum test, and PFS via Cox regression analysis and log rank test. Data cutoff date for clinical endpoints was 7 August 2020. Results: Levels of PD biomarkers related to angiogenic signaling (VEGF increase/ANG2 decrease), FGF signaling (increase in FGF23/FGF19), and IFNγ signaling (increase in IFNγ, CXCL9/10/11) were changed significantly (adjusted P< 0.05) with L + P (C2D1–C4D1; except for FGF19 at C3D1). Significant decreases of TIMP1 and increases of MCP1 were observed at C4D1 during treatment; these were associated with greater MTS. Greater decreases in TIMP1 and greater increases in MCP1 were observed in pts with OR vs others. Changes in levels of the PD biomarkers ANG2, IL10, and VEGFR2 were found to be associated with PFS by dichotomized analysis. With tertile 2 cutoff, median PFS for pts in the group with greater decreases of ANG2 was 13.9 months vs 9.6 months for pts in the group with lesser decreases of ANG2 (unadjusted P= 0.002; HR 2.65, 95% CI 1.39–5.08). Conclusions: These are the first exploratory biomarker analyses for the single-arm study of L + P in pts with uHCC. Changes in serum biomarkers associated with angiogenic-, FGF-, and IFNγ-signaling pathways indicated target engagement of L + P. Decreases in TIMP1 and increases in MCP1 were associated with MTS and OR. Associations were found between longer PFS and a greater decrease in levels of ANG2. Angiogenesis inhibition and modulation of cancer immune response were observed with L + P. Further validation from independent studies is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT03006926.
46
Eglseer, Doris, Ruud J. G. Halfens, and Christa Lohrmann. "Use of an electronic malnutrition screening tool in a hospital setting: effects on knowledge, attitudes and perceived practices of healthcare staff." British Journal of Nutrition 120, no. 2 (2018): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518001447.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMalnutrition risk screening is essential for the adequate identification and treatment of malnourished hospitalised patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the use of an electronic malnutrition screening tool on the knowledge, attitudes and perceived practices (KAP) of a pool of nurses, nurses’ aides and physicians. A controlled study using a pre-test–post-test design was carried out in two Austrian hospitals. The hospital that was assigned to the intervention group used the Graz malnutrition screening tool. The hospital that was assigned to the control group received no intervention. To collect data, a questionnaire was filled out by the study participants at baseline (T0) and 1 month after the implementation (T1) to assess KAP. All data were analysed using descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Student’s t tests. A total of 269 nurses, nurses’ aides and physicians participated in the study and completed the questionnaires at T0, and 190 people at T1. The sum score for the KAP questionnaire changed significantly after the implementation of the malnutrition screening tool in the intervention group (P<0·001), but not in the control group. The use of a valid and reliable malnutrition screening tool effectively improved the KAP of healthcare staff. The KAP described here are essential for providing successful nutritional care in malnourished patients, and improving these factors may result in improved patient outcomes. To attain these outcomes, stakeholders, as well as members of all professions involved in multidisciplinary nutritional care, must invest significant efforts.
47
Nipp, Ryan D., J. Brice Weinberg, Alicia D. Volkheimer, Evan D. Davis, Youwei Chen, and Daphne R. Friedman. "CD38 Variation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 4576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4576.4576.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Abstract 4576 Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a highly variable clinical course. Some patients require treatment early while others can be monitored without therapy. CD38 expression has been shown in multiple cohorts to have prognostic significance. An elevated percentage of CD38 positive CLL lymphocytes at the time of diagnosis is correlated with a more rapid need for therapy and a shorter overall survival. The extent to which CD38 varies during the course of CLL, including after therapy, has only been evaluated in a limited fashion. Methods: From a cohort of over 500 CLL patients at the Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, we selected 136 patients in whom we had measured CD38 expression by flow cytometry on two or more occasions. We determined the first, maximum, minimum, and range (maximum – minimum) CD38 values. We compared these values to other molecular prognostic markers using Wilcoxon tests and assessed the prognostic significance of these values using Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Results: Of the 136 patients, 70% were male and 88% Caucasian, with a median age of 60. The majority had low clinical stage at diagnosis—either Rai stage 0 (68%) or 1 (19%). Molecular prognostic markers were also generally favorable. Eighty-two (67%) patients had mutated IGHV status, 69 (51%) were ZAP70 negative, and 76 (63%) had either 13q deletion or normal cytogenetics, determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. CD38 expression was measured a median of 5.5 times (2 – 19). The median time between the first and last CD38 measurements was 1206 days (81 – 4109). The median values were 6% (0.6 – 99) for maximum CD38, 1.5% (0 to 84.5) for minimum CD38, and 4.9% (0.2 to 95.3) for CD38 range. Maximum, minimum, and CD38 range were significantly lower in patients with mutated compared to unmutated IGHV status (p < 0.005 for all parameters, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Elevated maximum and CD38 range were significantly associated with a more rapid time to therapy (TTT) and shorter overall survival (OS) in a univariate Cox proportional hazards model (p < 0.03 for all, Wald test). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model including first CD38 and maximum CD38 values, only maximum CD38 remained statistically significant. We found that patients with high CD38 variation (CD38 range greater than the median) had significantly shorter TTT and OS than patients with low CD38 variation (p = 0.002 for both, log rank test). Using receiver operator characteristic analyses, we determined that the best cut-off for dichotomizing the first CD38 according to TTT and OS in the entire Duke/Durham VA CLL cohort was 11%. Using this cut-off, 15 patients (11%) converted from CD38 negative to CD38 positive. Using the standard 30% cut-off, 14 patients (10%) converted from CD38 negative to CD38 positive. Patients with a first CD38 measurement less than 11% and subsequent measurements above 11% had a favorable OS, similar to patients with low CD38 for all measurements (p = 0.002, log rank test). However, patients with a first CD38 measurement less than 30% who had subsequent measurements above 30% had an inferior OS, similar to patients with high CD38 for all measurements (p = 0.006, log rank test). Lastly, among 24 patients with CD38 measurements before and after first therapy, the percentage of CD38 positive cells increased in 19 patients (79%), with a median value of 3.2% before to 6.9% after therapy (p = 0.005, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Conclusions: CD38 values vary as patients transition across the disease trajectory. This variation appears to have prognostic significance, with high variation associated with faster time to first therapy and shorter overall survival. Additionally, in our cohort, a patient's maximum CD38 value had more prognostic significance than a single initial measurement. Thus, longitudinally measuring CD38 throughout the clinical course of CLL could aid in the management of CLL patients, refining the initial prognostic assessment, and improving patient counseling and decision making. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
48
Zhao, Jiang-Li, Tao Zhang, Zhi-Qin Xu, et al. "Responsiveness and Predictive Ability of the Chinese Version of the Action Research Arm Test in People with Cerebral Infarction." BioMed Research International 2019 (October 7, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8270187.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. To detect the responsiveness and predictive ability of the Chinese version Action Research Arm Test (C-ARAT) in participants within the first 3 months after cerebral infarction. Methods. Ninety-seven individuals (75 men, mean age 59.87 ± 10.94 years) with a first cerebral infarction were enrolled in this study. The participants were evaluated by two outcome measures: C-ARAT and the Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index (BI) at five time points: 0D, 3W, 3M, 6M and 1Y after enrolment. The standardised response mean (SRM) and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyse responsiveness. Predictive validity was determined by using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. The predicted performance of C-ARAT on activities of daily living (ADLs) was measured by linear regression model. Floor and ceiling effects were estimated by counting the proportion of subjects falling outside the 5% lower or upper boundary, respectively. Results. The C-ARAT showed moderate to large responsiveness in detecting changes over time (SRM = 0.58–0.84). The C-ARAT subscales showed small to large responsiveness (SRM = 0.44–0.90). The C-ARAT at 0D showed moderate to good correlation with the BI scores at 3W, 3M and 6M (ρ = 0.561–0.624, p<0.001), and exhibited fair correlation with the BI score 1Y after enrolment (ρ = 0.384, p<0.05). C-ARAT was a good predictor (adjusted R2 = 0.185–0.249) of BI within 3M follow-up. The C-ARAT total score showed a notable floor effect at 0D and 3W and a notable ceiling effect at 3M, 6M and 1Y. Conclusion. The results of this study support the use of the C-ARAT as a measurement of upper extremity function in individuals with a first cerebral infarction.
49
Zhou, Yi, Huali Chen, Jing Wang, et al. "SPSS Analysis of Pain Factors in Rotator Cuff Repair." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (September 29, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8491846.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, the matched case-control study was used. Nineteen cases of severe pain in the early postoperative period among 55 patients were set as the observation group, and 57 cases of simultaneous rotator cuff repair without severe pain were matched in a 1 : 3 ratio as the control group. Patients’ general information, disease characteristics, anesthesia and analgesia scheme, and operation information were collected. Frequency statistics, Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, regulatory effect analysis, and Poisson regression analysis were performed on these data. Some findings are included in the analysis. (1) There was a markable difference of 0.01 between the preoperative 48 h maximum pain value and the postoperative 48 h maximum pain value in the observation group. (2) There was a markable difference of 0.01 between the size and shape of the wound tear and the maximum pain value at 48 h after operation in the observation group. (3) When the number of opioid use affected the maximum pain value at 48 h after operation, the regulatory variables (type, quantity, and number of days of postoperative analgesics) were at different levels, and the impact amplitude had markable differences. (4) Age has a markable negative impact on the postoperative hospital stay. (5) The operation duration has a markable positive relationship with the postoperative hospital stay. (6) The analgesic pump had a markable positive impact on the postoperative hospital stay. (7) The location of injury did not affect the postoperative hospital stay.
50
Weill, Yishay, Koby Brosh, Tamar Levi Vineberg, et al. "Enhanced depth imaging in swept-source optical coherence tomography: Improving visibility of choroid and sclera, a masked study." European Journal of Ophthalmology 30, no. 6 (2019): 1295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672119863560.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose To compare enhanced depth imaging in swept-source optical coherence tomography and non–enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in their ability to capture choroidal and scleral details. Methods Averaged foveal B-Scans were obtained from 40 eyes of 20 healthy volunteers by swept-source optical coherence tomography with and without enhanced depth imaging. Visibility and contrast of vascular details within the choroid, choroidoscleral junction, and sclera were evaluated by masked readers using an ordinal scoring scale. Outcomes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test. Results Visibility of the choroidal vascular details ( Z = 5.94, p < .001), the choroidoscleral junction ( Z = 5.85, p < .001), and the sclera ( Z = 6.80, p < .001) was significantly higher with enhanced depth imaging than with non–enhanced depth imaging swept-source optical coherence tomography. Similarly, image contrast was significantly higher with enhanced depth imaging than with non–enhanced depth imaging swept-source optical coherence tomography for the choroidal vascular details ( Z = 9.47, p < .001), for the choroidoscleral junction ( Z = 9.28, p < .001), and for the sclera ( Z = 9.42, p < .001). Conclusion Enhanced depth imaging applied to swept-source optical coherence tomography–averaged foveal B-scans enhances visualization of the choroidal details, of the choroidoscleral junction, and of the sclera. This novel modality can easily be implemented in clinics and could improve our understanding of conditions involving the choroid or the sclera.