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Journal articles on the topic 'Wild animal'
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Thomas, Lewis H. "Wild animal welfare." Veterinary Record 178, no. 12 (2016): 300.3–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.i1568.
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Jones, Mark, and Alastair MacMillan. "Wild animal welfare." Veterinary Record 178, no. 8 (2016): 195.3–195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.i967.
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Shepherd, Marvin D. "Pharmacy’s ‘Wild Animal’." American Pharmacy 31, no. 6 (1991): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-3450(16)33759-x.
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Russell, Nerissa. "The Wild Side of Animal Domestication." Society & Animals 10, no. 3 (2002): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853002320770083.
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AbstractThis paper examines not the process but the concept of nonhuman animal domestication. Domestication involves both biological and cultural components. Creating a category of domestic animals means constructing and crossing the boundaries between human and animal, culture and nature. The concept of domestication thus structures the thinking both of researchers in the present and of domesticators and herders in the past. Some have argued for abandoning the notion of domestication in favor of a continuum of human-nonhuman animal relationships. Although many human-animal relationships cannot be neatly pigeonholed as wild or domestic, this paper contends that the concept of domestication retains its utility.There is a critical distinction between animals as a resource and animals as property. Domestication itself had profound consequences for the societies and worldview of the domesticators and their descendents. In addition to the material effects of animal wealth, domestic animals provide both a rich source of metaphor and a model of domination that can be extended to humans.
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Macdonald, David W. "Mitigating Human Impacts on Wild Animal Welfare." Animals 13, no. 18 (2023): 2906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13182906.
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Human activities negatively impact the welfare of wild vertebrates in many different contexts globally, and countless individual animals are affected. Growing concern for wild animal welfare, especially in relation to conservation, is evident. While research on wild animal welfare lags behind that focused on captive animals, minimising human-induced harm to wild animals is a key principle. This study examines examples of negative anthropogenic impacts on wild animal welfare, how these may be mitigated and what further research is required, including examples from wildlife management, biodiversity conservation, wildlife tourism and wildlife trade. Further, it discusses the relationship between animal welfare and biodiversity conservation, and synergies that may be achieved between these. Ultimately, it is discussed how the welfare of wild animals may be balanced with other priorities to ensure that welfare is afforded due consideration in interactions between people and wildlife.
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Cooke, Steve. "Animal Kingdoms: On Habitat Rights for Wild Animals." Environmental Values 26, no. 1 (2017): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096327117x14809634978555.
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Cao, Deborah. "Wild Game Changer." Harvard Review of Philosophy 25 (2018): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/harvardreview201892720.
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For the last two decades, the world has seen the rise of China. With its rise, unfortunately, has come the fall, retreat, and demise of some animals and animal species. China is often singled out for special attention in terms of animal destruction and endangerment. With an increasingly globalized economy and world, we now have a globalized wildlife crisis. This essay focuses on the exploitation of wild animals in China. It argues that the plight of wildlife in China stems from an underlying position in Chinese culture that animals are instruments for human benefits, and such an instrumentalist approach has always dominated the Chinese landscape. This is the case despite the fact that animals and humans are considered to be organically connected in the moral universe in Chinese traditional philosophy in contrast to the segregated approach to humans and non-humans in Western philosophical traditions. It is suggested that to achieve substantive progress in the protection of wildlife and other animals in China, a fundamental change of thinking and acting toward animals by the Chinese to recognize the intrinsic value of animals would be imperative.
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Swart, Jac A. A. "Care for the Wild: An Integrative View on Wild and Domesticated Animals." Environmental Values 14, no. 2 (2005): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096327190501400208.
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Environmental ethics has to deal with the challenge of reconciling contrasting ecocentric and animal-centric perspectives. Two classic attempts at this reconciliation, which both adopted the metaphor of concentric circles, are discussed. It is concluded that the relationship between the animal and its environment, whether the latter is human or natural, should be a pivotal element of such reconciliation. An alternative approach is presented, inspired by care ethics, which proposes that caring for wild animals implies caring for their relationship to the natural environment and thus taking action to maintain wildlife habitat. This type of care is labelled non-specific care because it is not directed towards the individual wild animal and its specific individual needs. In contrast, caring for domestic animals is called specific care because it is much more directed towards the individual animal's needs.
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Scheel, David. "Octopuses in wild and domestic relationships." Social Science Information 57, no. 3 (2018): 403–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018418785485.
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People commonly interact with terrestrial domestic animals, such as dogs and cats, horses, cattle and goats, and birds. Thereby individuals of different species form animal–human bonds. We are now forming relationships with ocean animals in increasingly common ways through growing human populations, advances in technology such as SCUBA, ocean mapping, underwater instrumentation and advances in aquatic animal husbandry. Octopuses and humans share quite distant evolutionary ties and yet share aspects of sensory ability and intelligence. Octopuses thereby pose interesting challenges and conundrums for understanding animal–human relationships. I consider several reasons to expect that the evolution of octopuses, and of animal cognition generally among active and visually sophisticated animals, will favour traits that support relationships between individuals. The evolutionary outcome of animals capable of forming inter-individual relationships may thus be expected in any evolving biota with organisms of this kind. This article explores the ability of ocean and terrestrial animals to relate to one another in ways that are reciprocal, if not equally balanced, and illustrates this with the examples of octopuses.
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Zahn, Laura M. "Mining wild animal microbiomes." Science 372, no. 6539 (2021): 250.10–252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.372.6539.250-j.
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Philippon, Daniel J., and Ralph H. Lutts. "The Wild Animal Story." Environmental History 4, no. 1 (1999): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3985337.
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Glotfelty, C. "The Wild Animal Story." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 7, no. 2 (2000): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/7.2.282.
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Sara Kruszona-Barełkowska. "Taming the wild…" TRACE ∴ Journal for Human-Animal Studies 12 (April 24, 2025): 4–27. https://doi.org/10.23984/fjhas.144515.
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This article explores the narrative construction of interspecies relationships through the lens of equine taming practices, focusing on the work of well-known horse trainers. By analyzing the biographies of Shy Boy and Myrnah, the wild horses subjected to taming, the study critically examines how these trainers present their methods within a narrative that portrays a harmonious relationship between humans and horses. The narratives created by horse trainers, which suggest that horses voluntarily submit to taming and willingly form partnerships with their trainers, are ultimately anthropocentric constructs that mask the coercive nature of these interactions. Through a comparative analysis of horse trainers’ methods and the narrative strategies used by killer whale trainers described by Jane Desmond, I explore how these narratives influence perceptions of animal behavior and human-animal relationships. This article contributes to the ongoing scholarly dialogue on human-animal relationships, particularly in the context of taming and horsemanship. It suggests that developing an awareness of animals’ needs, respecting their boundaries, and finding new ways to build relationships based on genuine respect is essential. The article ends with a call to continue searching for methods of working with horses that minimize violence and pressure while taking into account the real needs of animals, as well as to spread awareness of real forms of relationships with horses that can be based on mutual understanding and respect.
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Mane, Tanaya. "Wild Animal Intrusion Detection System Using Raspberry PI." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 3 (2024): 2775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59464.
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Abstract: This project is used to protect the farmland from animals by using Raspberry pi. Wild animals are special challenge for the farmers throughout the world. Animals like wild boars, elephants, monkeys etc. cause serious damage to crops. In this project we are presenting a procedure to ward them off, by creating a system which detects the animal and creates the different sound that irritates the animal. After the detection the intimation is sent. Wild Animal Intrusion Detection System (WAIDS) is a technologically advanced solution designed to monitor and detect the presence of animals in specific areas, with applications ranging from wildlife conservation to agricultural protection. This system integrates data processing algorithms, and communication mechanisms to accurately identify and respond to animal intrusions
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Swart, Jac A. A. "The Wild Animal as a Research Animal." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 17, no. 2 (2004): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jage.0000017394.83477.fd.
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Derebe, Binega, Yonas Derebe, and Birtukan Tsegaye. "Human-Wild Animal Conflict in Banja Woreda, Awi Zone, Ethiopia." International Journal of Forestry Research 2022 (August 8, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4973392.
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Human-wild animal conflict has serious conservation consequences, both for populations of wild animals and for the people who live around wild animals’ habitats. The aim of this study was to assess the human-wild animal conflict in Banja Woreda, Awi Zone, Ethiopia. First, the area was selected purposively because it is expected to be prone to a high level of human-wild animal conflict, and then the selected areas were stratified based on the distance to wild animals’ habitats. A total of 95 household heads (HHs) from the two kebeles were interviewed using structured and semistructured questionnaires. Additional information was also gathered through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews, and personal observation during data collection. About 84 (88%) of the respondents replied that wild animals had an effect on the livelihood of the local communities through both crop and livestock loss. The crop and animal loss was different across the distance categories of the study area ( P < 0.05 ). The highest proportion of loss was reported in the closest settlement than far-located settlements. The chi-square association test shows that there was a significant association ( P < 0.05 ) between livelihood activity across crops and domestic animal loss. The farmers who led their livelihoods in both farming and livestock activity reported higher animal and crop losses than the only farming or livestock activity. The crop types that were more raided by wild animals were maize and potato. The risks of crop raiding were significantly different among crop varieties ( P < 0.05 ). Wild animals affected crops in different development stages, and mature stage ranked the first followed by fruiting stage. Crop growth stages that were attacked by wild animals showed significant variations ( P < 0.05 ). Of the crop type that was attacked by wild animals, potato was highly attacked, which reaches to 113.8 quintals (28%), followed by maize 96 quintals (23%) and small millet 74.7 quintals (18%) within three years. The loss of crops in the kebeles was not significantly different ( P > 0.05 ). Wild animals also affected the domestic animals; accordingly, 79 (83.2%) of the respondents replied that wild animals attacked all domestic animals and the remaining 16 (16.8%) said wild animals attacked goats, sheep, and chickens. However, the animal loss in the kebeles was not significantly different ( P > 0.05 ). The trend of the population status of wild animals was significantly different among the perceptions of respondents ( P < 0.05 ). The settlement near the forest habitat of wild animals and habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and deforestation were the major causes of conflict. The proportion of the causes of human-wild animal conflict in the area was significantly different ( P < 0.05 ). According to the respondents, the most effective controlling mechanisms of the conflict were guarding, followed by fencing and slipping at night in cropland. Out of the total number of respondents, 65 (68.4%) said guarding is the most effective conflict control mechanism, for protecting both crop and livestock. To limit the negative impact of human-wild animal conflict, good wild animal habitat management is required, such as minimizing agricultural expansion and overgrazing, demarcating the forest habitats for wild animals only, and creating awareness among local communities.
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Kavitha, Dr R., Niranjana Devi S, Amirthakarthiga N, and Srivarshini R. "Wild Animal Detection Using CNN." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51500.
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Abstract: Efficient and reliable monitoring of wild animals in their natural habitats is essential to inform conservation and management decisions. Automatic covert cameras or “camera traps” are being an increasingly popular tool for wildlife monitoring due to their effectiveness and reliability in collecting data of wildlife unobtrusively, continuously and in large volume. However, processing such a large volume of images and videos captured from camera traps manually is extremely expensive, time-consuming and also monotonous. This presents a major obstacle to scientists and ecologists to monitor wildlife in an open environment. Leveraging on recent advances in deep learning techniques in computer vision, we propose in this paper a framework to build automated animal recognition in the wild, aiming at an automated wildlife monitoring system. In particular, we use a single-labeled dataset from Wildlife Spotter project, done by citizen scientists, and the state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural network architectures, to train a computational system capable of filtering animal images and identifying species automatically. Our experimental results achieved an accuracy at 96.6% for the task of detecting images containing animal, and 90.4% for identifying the three most common species among the set of images of wild animals taken in Southcentral Victoria, Australia, demonstrating the feasibility of building fully automated wildlife observation. This, in turn, can therefore speed up research findings, construct more efficient citizen science based monitoring systems and subsequent management decisions, having the potential to make significant impacts to the world of ecology and trap camera images analysis.
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Pavithra., M. H., M. Haritha., R. Nivetha., Karunya Sandra, and Gopi Madhan. "Scaring Animals using Assembler Language." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 3 (2018): 1629–33. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11446.
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Human Wild animal conflict is the major problem in the forest borders with large wild animal herds. Human conflicts with wild animals often occur, along with the narrowing of the wild animal habitat due to industrial and residential interests. The negative impacts of human wild animal conflict is on a large scale slaughter of wild animals. This problem which leads to crop damage, human death and injuries caused by wild animals, and wild animals being killed by humans. Wild animal Intrusion has been on the rise in the forest border areas with herds of wild animals straying into human habitation and creating a great loss to their properties. The surveillance and tracking of wild animals are difficult due to their size and nature of movement. Prevention system for indications of human wild animal conflict is absolutely necessary. So an intelligent electronics system is necessary which can be affixed to avoid the human wild animal conflicts. In this paper, an automated system to detect the intrusion of wild animals into the human habitat in forest borders is proposed. Basic idea behind this work is to generate the sound signal which can be inaudible to human and irritating for wild animal. Such instrument can be mounted on forest borders so that wild animal herds will go back into the forest. The proposed is very efficient with good computation power and low cost. Pavithra. M. H | Nivetha. R | Haritha. M | Sandra Karunya | Madhan Gopi "Scaring Animals using Assembler Language" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11446.pdf
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Moen, Ole Martin. "The ethics of wild animal suffering." Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics 10, no. 1 (2016): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v10i1.1972.
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<p class="normal">Animal ethics has received a lot of attention over the last four decades. Its focus, however, has almost exclusively been on the welfare of captive animals, ignoring the vast majority of animals: those living in the wild. I suggest that this one-sided focus is unwarranted. On the empirical side, I argue that wild animals overwhelmingly outnumber captive animals, and that billions of wild animals are likely to have lives that are even more painful and distressing than those of their captive counterparts. On the normative side, I argue that as long as we have duties of assistance towards humans suffering from natural causes, and we reject anthropocentrism, we also have duties of assistance towards animals suffering in the wild.</p><p class="normal">Article first published online: 22 MARCH 2016</p>
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Dian Dwi Indriyani, Nadia Shifa Azzahra, and Dwi Afriyanto. "PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN BAHAYA HEWAN LIAR : PENCEGAHAN BAHAYA HEWAN LIAR DALAM MENUNJANG KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN DAN PENYELESAIAN MASALAH PENGENDALIAN HEWAN LIAR." Journal of Information Systems Management and Digital Business 1, no. 3 (2024): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.59407/jismdb.v1i3.844.
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Previous research and related research are very important in a research paper and academic paper. Previous or related research serves to strengthen theories and phenomena regarding the relationship and influence between variables. This article discusses the factors that influence Wild Animal Hazard Management, namely Wild Animal Hazard Prevention in Support of Aviation Safety, and Wild Animal Control Problem Solving. The purpose of this article is to propose hypotheses regarding the influence between variables that will be used in further research. The results of this literature review article are: 1)Prevention of Wild Animal Hazards in Supporting Aviation Safety affects the Application of Wild Animal Hazard Management which aims to reduce the risk of a)attack or disturbance from wild animals; b).screening; c)evaluating while still preserving their population; d)minimizing conflicts between humans and wild animals; 2) Wild Animal Control Problem Solving affects the Application of Wild Animal Hazard Management which requires a series of actions and strategies to address situations when wild animals pose a threat or hazard to people and human activities. Keywords: implementation, prevention, and problem solvin
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de Witte, Floris. "Where the Wild Things Are: Animal autonomy in EU Law." Common Market Law Review 60, Issue 2 (2023): 391–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2023025.
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This article discusses how EU law makes sense of the encounters between wild animals and humans. Using the case law of the ECJ that involves wolves and hamsters, this article suggests that EU law is faced with the complex challenge of creating legal categories that can articulate and reflect animal autonomy. Two such legal categories are traced. A first focuses on animal agency and their mobility, assimilating – in legal terms – the movement of wild animals to that of persons crossing borders. A second focuses on animal alterity, that is, the fundamental otherness of wild animals. It is argued that only the latter allows us to make legally legible the conditions under which wildness manifests itself – not as a counterpoint to humanness, but as a meeting between species. animal autonomy, animal agency, animal alterity, Habitats Directive, Birds Directive
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Bolla, Andrea K., and Alice J. Hovorka. "Placing Wild Animals in Botswana: Engaging Geography’s Transspecies Spatial Theory." Humanimalia 3, no. 2 (2012): 56–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.10048.
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This paper engages transspecies spatial theory to illuminate the dynamics of human ‘placement’ of animals and resulting human-animal encounters through a case study of wild animals in Kasane, Botswana. It details the ways in which human conceptual imaginings and material fixing of wild animals are mutually constituted and grounded in human wonderment of and economic use value associated with nonhuman animals. Resulting interspecies minglings reinforce such placements through human’s fear-based responses and ‘problem animal’ discourses, ultimately re-placing animals into spaces where-they-belong. This paper highlights specifically geographical perspectives to further explorations of human-animal relations within the realm of critical animal studies.
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Kononenko, Ye D. "Migratory species of wild animals as objects of the animal world of Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, no. 87 (2025): 211–15. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2025.87.2.31.
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The issue of classifying migratory species of wild animals as objects of the animal world is examined in accordance with doctrinal definitions and legal terminology. The author presents and supplements a scientific definition of the term «animal world.» The term «wild animals» is analyzed, and their main characteristics are identified. Emphasis is placed on the generic affiliation of migratory animals to wild animals, and their specific biological features that are significant for the legal regulation of the protection, use, and reproduction of such species are highlighted. The state of natural freedom is necessary for migratory animals to meet their basic biological needs: appropriate temperature conditions of the surrounding natural environment, sufficient food resources, and safe places for reproduction. The spatial and temporal peculiarities of the life activity of animals that undergo migration are noted. It is substantiated that migratory species of wild animals live not only on the territories of different countries but also within the territory of Ukraine. The place of residence of such species depends on the trajectory and length of the migratory route. The territory of Ukraine can be either a part of the migratory path, its starting point, endpoint, or intermediate link, as well as a space beyond which the respective species moves for migration purposes. Attention is drawn to such objects of the animal world as parts of migratory species of wild animals and the products of their life activity. The concept of migratory species of wild animals as both a component of the animal world and its objects is differentiated. The Law of Ukraine «On the Animal World» identifies certain objects of legal regulation, such as the habitats and structures of migratory animals, their breeding grounds, bird nesting colonies, permanent or temporary animal aggregations, spawning areas, and migratory routes. These objects of legal regulation are not identical to the objects of the animal world; they are separate material assets that are subject to protection together with living organisms. It is concluded that migratory species of wild animals are both an integral part of the animal world and its objects, the protection, use, and reproduction of which are regulated by the Law of Ukraine «On the Animal World.» Their specific characteristics, such as the temporary nature of their residence in Ukraine and periodic cross-border movements, necessitate the separation of migratory animals as a distinct object of the animal world with special legal regulation.
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Barrett, D., V. Dale, C. King, and D. Mills. "Exotic and wild animal society." Veterinary Record 124, no. 2 (1989): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.124.2.47-c.
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Healy, Susan D., and Candy Rowe. "Animal cognition in the wild." Behavioural Processes 109 (November 2014): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2014.11.013.
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Delon, Nicolas, and Duncan Purves. "Wild Animal Suffering is Intractable." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 31, no. 2 (2018): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10806-018-9722-y.
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Dave, Brahm, Meet Mori, Anurag Bathani, and Parth Goel. "Wild Animal Detection using YOLOv8." Procedia Computer Science 230 (2023): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2023.12.065.
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Bobier, Christopher. "Catia Faria, "Animal Ethics in the Wild: Wild Animal Suffering and Intervention in Nature"." Philosophy in Review 43, no. 2 (2023): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1100432ar.
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Persinger, Corinne. "Catia Faria. Animal Ethics in the Wild: Wild Animal Suffering and Intervention in Nature." Environmental Ethics 47, no. 1 (2025): 101–5. https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics20254716.
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WILESMITH, J. W. "Epidemiological methods for investigating wild animals reservoirs of animal disease." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 10, no. 1 (1991): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.10.1.539.
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Cilia, Giovanni, Fabrizio Bertelloni, and Filippo Fratini. "Leptospira Infections in Domestic and Wild Animals." Pathogens 9, no. 7 (2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070573.
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Leptospirosis is a worldwide-distributed, re-emerging zoonosis due to the large variety of wild and domestic animal species that can play the role of natural or accidental host. Currently, specific animal species play an important role as the reservoir for particular Leptospira serovars, although recent investigations have highlighted new host–pathogen interactions involved in Leptospira epidemiology. Furthermore, the constant modification of ecosystems and wildlife habitats and the constantly increasing number of animal species moving towards urban or peri-urban areas are increasing the possibility of direct or indirect contacts between wildlife and domestic animals; furthermore, the constant modification of animal leptospirosis also causes problems for human health. The studies published in this Special Issue have evidenced and confirmed the hidden role of a large variety of animal species, domestic and wild, in the leptospirosis epidemiology. They highlighted the necessity for continuous monitoring and large-scale surveillance studies to better understand this neglected and re-emerging zoonosis.
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Wolfensohn, S., and P. Honess. "Laboratory animal, pet animal, farm animal, wild animal: which gets the best deal?" Animal Welfare 16, S1 (2007): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096272860003181x.
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AbstractA veterinary surgeon wishing to practice in the UK promises, on admission to the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, that their “constant endeavour will be to ensure the welfare of the animals committed to [their] care” (RCVS 2006 Guide to Professional Conduct). Yet a constant dilemma is that the veterinary surgeon deals with the animal's welfare differently depending on the category into which the particular animal fits at a particular time — even though its ability to suffer is the same whatever the circumstance. A laboratory animal is considered by many to suffer the most insults to welfare, yet its welfare is protected by a plethora of regulations, ethical reviews, best-practice guidelines and vociferous public opinion. While any decision on its treatment will take into account the scientific outcome, the judgement will have been considered by many and the outcome already decided. The companion animal may be much loved by its owner but its veterinary treatment will be affected by the psychological state of that owner and his/her ability to pay; the animal's treatment becomes a ‘family management’ issue. In veterinary treatment of a farm animal, the benchmark for ‘acceptable’ suffering can be quite different; lower levels of welfare may be tolerated over considerable periods. When a wild animal is presented for treatment, the welfare of the individual may not be best served by anything other than euthanasia, yet treatment is often enthusiastically attempted. We explore this inconsistency of approach to animal welfare, using examples, and we attempt to rationalise and raise awareness of the inconsistencies. We propose the use of a welfare illustrator grid to increase cross-sector objectivity and improve harmonisation of approach across the sectors.
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Palmer, Clare. "Should We Offer Assistance to Both Wild and Domesticated Animals?" Harvard Review of Philosophy 25 (2018): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/harvardreview201891015.
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In this paper, I consider whether we should offer assistance to both wild and domesticated animals when they are suffering. I argue that we may have different obligations to assist wild and domesticated animals because they have different morally-relevant relationships with us. I explain how different approaches to animal ethics, which, for simplicity, I call capacity-oriented and context-oriented, address questions about animal assistance differently. I then defend a broadly context-oriented approach, on which we have special obligations to assist animals that we have made vulnerable to or dependent on us. This means that we should normally help suffering domesticated animals, but that we lack general obligations to assist wild animals, since we are not responsible for their vulnerability. However, we may have special obligations to help wild animals where we have made them vulnerable to or dependent on us (by habitat destruction or by captivity, for instance). I consider some obvious difficulties with this context-oriented approach, and I conclude by looking more closely at the question whether we should intervene, if we could do so successfully, to reduce wild animal suffering by reducing predation.
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D’Cruze, Neil, Sophie Khan, Gemma Carder, et al. "A Global Review of Animal–Visitor Interactions in Modern Zoos and Aquariums and Their Implications for Wild Animal Welfare." Animals 9, no. 6 (2019): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9060332.
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We provide an initial insight into the occurrence and characteristics of animal-visitor interactions (AVIs) involving captive wild animals within zoos and aquaria. Using information provided online via official public websites of modern zoos and aquaria, we found that AVIs were provided by the majority of facilities. Our study revealed that a variety of AVI types were being offered. Globally, petting captive wild animals was the most prevalent AVI type advertised (n = 1241 observations, 43% (534) of facilities) and Mammalia was the most advertised taxonomic class (n = 5142; 53% (2739)). We found certain AVI types that were more commonly offered than predicted. These were opportunities to: (1) Hand feed captive wild animals in Asia, North America and Oceania; (2) ride wild animals in Europe and North America; (3) walk with or swim through wild animal enclosures in Asia; and (4) walk with wild animals in Asia and Europe. Given the global prevalence of AVIs in modern zoos and aquaria, and an apparent lack of animal welfare focused research, we provide recommendations to help effectively balance and manage captive wild animal welfare with other primary interconnected goals.
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Madigan, J. "(A322) Animals in Disasters and Emergencies: A Version of Wild Kingdom." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003062.
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Dr. Madigan will discuss the evolution of awareness of the need for emergency preparedness and response for the animal component in disasters and emergencies in the United States and internationally. Emergencies and disasters affect animals and those who own them, including companion animals, animals who's use is for sustainment or groups of animals which serve as a key component of individuals economic existence. Numerous studies have shown the public will delay or refuse evacuation from impending risks if they have to leave their animals behind. A significant component of the public will refuse use of non pet associated shelters which then affects public safety and wellbeing. Emergency responders can be put at risk because of rescues required of non-evacuated individuals staying with their animals. Emergency responders may be called to be involved in animal rescues or animal evacuation. Animals impacted by disasters may incur injury, entrapment, and lack of food and water. Veterinary triage, emergency rescue, treatment and humane euthanasia are driven by animal welfare concerns as well as legislation mandating care of animals in declared disasters in some countries. Dr. Madigan's presentation will provide discussion and video examples of organized response to small and large scale animal emergency and disasters associated with 15 years as Chief of the UC Davis Veterinary Emergency Response Team. Additionally the training components needed for effective and safe preparedness and response will be discussed.
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Bell, Jessica. "“There Is No Wild”." Society & Animals 23, no. 5 (2015): 462–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341377.
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This paper documents the discourse used by contemporary circuses to justify their exploitation of nonhuman animals. The circus is undergoing redefinition due to cultural changes, animal welfare concerns, and political legislation. Critical Discourse Analysis is applied to a sample of articles (N= 128) on animals in circuses published inusnewspapers and magazines from 2007 to 2012. Analyses revealed that circus discourse attempts to (a) promote the circus as an ecologically important endeavor, (b) minimize the differences between human and nonhuman animals, (c) naturalize culturally induced behavior, (d) assert that captivity is preferable to the wild, and (e) collapse domesticity and wildness. These discursive strategies serve to legitimize, naturalize, and produce consent for the use of nonhuman animals in circuses. Furthermore, circus discourse conceptualizes nature and culture in ways that are ideologically significant and detrimental to the promotion of a conservation mindset.
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Udhayakumar S, Mr. "Wild Guard: Solar Powered Animal Intrusion Detection and Alert System." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem46644.
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Abstract—Monitoring animal movement and health is a critical component of veterinary science, livestock management, and wildlife conservation, particularly in regions where human-animal interactions are frequent. This paper presents a solar-powered animal detection and alert system that utilizes real-time image processing and deep learning to enhance animal healthcare monitoring. The system integrates a camera module with the YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection algorithm to identify animals entering predefined zones such as agricultural fields, roadways, or human habitations. Unlike conventional systems that depend on motion or weight sensors, this solution employs computer vision to deliver accurate and timely detection of animals and their behaviors. Data captured by the camera is processed by an embedded computing device, which generates alerts to notify veterinary authorities or landowners for further action. The entire system is powered by solar energy, ensuring continuous, low-maintenance operation in remote or off-grid areas. By combining artificial intelligence, embedded systems, and renewable energy, this project provides a cost-effective and scalable tool for improving animal healthcare, enabling early detection of threats, and reducing the risk of human-animal conflict. The proposed system demonstrates promising potential for deployment in both rural and conservation settings where real-time animal monitoring is essential. Keywords—Animal healthcare, YOLO, object detection, computer vision, embedded system, solar-powered system, veterinary monitoring, wildlife detection, real-time alert system, AI in agriculture, smart farming, animal surveillance, rural technology, deep learning, animal safety
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Vieira, Yasmine R., Moyra M. Portilho, Flávia F. Oliveira, et al. "Evaluation of HBV-Like Circulation in Wild and Farm Animals from Brazil and Uruguay." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (2019): 2679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152679.
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The origin of the hepatitis B virus is a subject of wide deliberation among researchers. As a result, increasing academic interest has focused on the spread of the virus in different animal species. However, the sources of viral infection for many of these animals are unknown since transmission may occur from animal to animal, human to human, animal to human, and human to animal. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepadnavirus circulation in wild and farm animals (including animals raised under wild or free conditions) from different sites in Brazil and Uruguay using serological and molecular tools. A total of 487 domestic wild and farm animals were screened for hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers and tested via quantitative and qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect viral DNA. We report evidence of HBsAg (surface antigen of HBV) and total anti-HBc (HBV core antigen) markers as well as low-copy hepadnavirus DNA among domestic and wild animals. According to our results, which were confirmed by partial genome sequencing, as the proximity between humans and animals increases, the potential for pathogen dispersal also increases. A wider knowledge and understanding of reverse zoonoses should be sought for an effective One Health response.
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Prof., Priyanka Yogesh Dukare. "Advances in animal sciences." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 4, no. 8 (2023): 78–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7807619.
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Advances and upgrading is a must trend to follow worldwide. There is no doubt animal sciences is an exception to this. In recent times multiple concepts has emerged as revolutionary things in animal sciences such as aquaculture, animal behavior, animal welfare, animal safety, animal genetics, animal breeding, animal cruelty, animal husbandry, cross breeding animals, dairy farming, farmed livestock, factory farming, livestock systems, livestock farming, poultry, pasture farming, production physiology, functional biology of farmed, wild game animals, ruminant nutrition, sheep farming and wild life species. Top trends such as crossbreeding involves the mating of animals from two breeds. In this process breeds are chosen that have complementary traits that will enhance the offspring’s' economic value. Livestock farming is the best source of employment and a source of livelihood for families to support their needs. Animals that provide milk can be raised and managed with a good income to support a family. Animals that help in labor such as draught animals are used in agricultural work. The waste generated from these animals can be used as natural manure to maintain soil fertility.
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Shekhovtsov, V. V. "Theoretical and legal comprehension of wildlife: the essence and relationship with the related conceptions." Problems of Legality 2020, no. 148 (2020): 120–31. https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.148.194112.
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<em>The article is devoted to comprehensive research of wildlife essence as the object of environmental legal regulation. The doctrinal approaches to comprehension of wildlife as well as regulatory frameworks to legal definition of animal world according to legislation of Ukraine and some foreign countries have been analyzed. Legislator inconsequently goes to the problem of law language in the faunistic legislation thus it is necessity to make a distinction between categories of animal world and objects of animal world. Animal world is an integrated conception for underlying all wild fauna community which reside at the territory of Ukraine and are defined as common object of environmental protection. The objects of animal world are considered as a special (generic object) and indicate on wild fauna or their population apropos of the mutual right and obligations between the subjects of environmental law is raised. </em><em>The applying of the categories "wild fauna" and "wild animals" is an expression of synonymy associated with the use of a foreign language term in the national domestic system of environmental legislation. Given the intensification of Ukraine’s involvement in a single European legal space, it would be expedient and timely to use the term "wild fauna" in national legal systems.</em>
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Heitmann, A., B. Parzefall, M. Zollner, A. Bruhschwein, W. Hermanns, and A. Blutke. "Hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules in domestic and wild animal species." Veterinární Medicína 61, No. 4 (2016): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8819-vetmed.
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Veasey, J. S., N. K. Waran, and R. J. Young. "On Comparing the Behaviour of Zoo Housed Animals with Wild Conspecifics as a Welfare Indicator." Animal Welfare 5, no. 1 (1996): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600018297.
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AbstractIt is commonly assumed that animals suffer if they cannot perform behaviours seen in wild conspecifics. Although comparisons with the behaviour of wild conspecifics are a popular method of assessing the welfare of captive animals, their validity has not been fully assessed. Homeostatic models of motivation suggest that many behaviours are stimulus driven rather than internally generated. Thus, it is possible that the non-performance of some wild-type behaviours does not necessarily compromise animal welfare, unless welfare is defined as being compromised by such non-performance. The flexibility of wild animal behaviour and the fact that animals free to perform the complete range of wild behaviours can suffer, must also put into the question the validity of such comparisons. Technical criticisms also arise when one considers the difficulty of constructing accurate and unbiased time budgets for wild animals. It is possible that the expressions of wild-type behaviours correlate with enhanced welfare, rather than cause enhanced welfare. Thus, if the consequences of behaviour are more important than the expression of behaviour itself, environmental enrichment does not necessarily need to rely upon the performance of wild-type behaviours for the improvement of animal welfare. Therefore, although behavioural comparisons with wild animals can be considered as potentially useful indicators of behavioural differences, they cannot always be relied upon to give an objective assessment of animal welfare. To make an assessment of welfare, behavioural comparisons with wild animals should be used in conjunction with other techniques to demonstrate that the consequences of non-performance of wild behaviours results in impoverished welfare.
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Banting, Pamela. "Wild Faces." Environmental Humanities 17, no. 1 (2025): 154–69. https://doi.org/10.1215/22011919-11543471.
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Abstract Investigations of “the face of the animal” have emerged primarily from the work of philosophers Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida and their respective anecdotes about the semiferal internment camp dog Bobby and Derrida’s domestic cat. If the face is the site where ethics comes into play, how can an ethics be worked out that takes those creatures we denominate “animals” into account? For a species who communicates primarily through human languages, the face is the prime semiotic surface, but for animals who communicate with one another through what we term calls, howls, scent marks, posture, or gesture, “the face” may be dispersed more generally over the body. In a reading of several face-to-face encounters in Sid Marty’s books Switchbacks: True Stories from the Canadian Rockies and The Black Grizzly of Whiskey Creek, this article analyzes the specific differences between bear faces and bare faces, asking questions pertaining to nakedness, animality, speciation and identity, transspecies relationships, and knowledge. What might happen if philosophy were taken out of the Parisian bathroom and into the Canadian Rocky Mountains? If Derrida’s cat poses questions such as the above, then those posed and the rejoinders made by the bears accompanying Marty through the back country also deserve attention.
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John, David T., and Beverly L. Smith. "Amebicidal Activity of Wild Animal Serum." Journal of Parasitology 83, no. 4 (1997): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3284259.
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Khandsuren, Naranbaatar, Lkhagvatseren Sukhbaatar, Khatanbaatar Igori, et al. "Study on helminths of wild animal." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 31, no. 3 (2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v31i3.1530.
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During the study for biodiversity of wild mammals and their parasite and infectious agents, there have more risky to get natural hotspots due to global warming, huge number of domesticated animals and deficiency of pasture in Mongolia.
 Therefore, a major concern of researchers and rangers is survey to ascertain parasites of wild animals, particularly parasitism of migratory birds.
 We used to the study totally 224 feacal samples of wild animals, including 96 wild sheep, 101 ibex, 53 wild goose and 24 wild horse.
 The study results, found by helminth fauna of 7 genera such as Paramphistomum spp, Moniezia spp, Neoascaris sрp, Trichostrongylus spр, Nematodirus sрp, Haemonchus spp, Trichuris spp, belonging to 3 main classes of helminthes and Coccidia spp protozoa in feacal samples of mountain sheep and the 5 genera of helminthes such as Paramphistomum spp, Moniezia spp, Neoascaris sрp, Nematodirus sрp, Trichuris spp and protozoa Coccidia spp in feacal samples of ibex. The Paramphistomum spp have been found in mountain sheep and ibex for the first time in Mongolia. 
 The floatation method of feacal egg determination, shown that nematode infection of Ascaridae and Strongylidae in wild horses. The egg of Capillaria spp and oocyst of Eimeria spp in feces of swan goose and the eggs of two genera of nematode (Ascaridae spp, Capillaria spp) and oocyst of Eimeria spp in feces of grey goose were found in the study.
 The parasite fauna in feacal samples of certain wild host animals was considered by the prevalence of infection in Mongolia. 
 Зэрлэг амьтдын гельминтийн судалгаа
 Цаг агаарын дулаарал, мал сүргийн тооны өсөлт, бэлчээрийн хомсдол, хүний хүчин зүйл зэргийн улмаас мал, амьтны паразитын тархалт нэмэгдэж, улмаар зэрлэг амьтад гадна, дотор паразит, халдварт болон өвчнөөр өвчлөн байгалийн голомт үүсгэх явдал гарсаар байна. Иймд зэрлэг амьтад, нүүдлийн шувуудын паразит өвчний халдварлалтыг судлан тогтоох, түүнтэй тэмцэх, сэргийлэх арга боловсруулах нь судлаачид, байгаль хамгаалагчдын өмнө тулгамдсан асуудал болжээ.
 Бид судалгаандаа 96 толгой аргаль, 101 толгой янгир, 53 толгой галуу, 24 толгой тахийн баасны сорьцыг цуглуулж шинжилгээ хийхэд аргальд трематод, цестод, нематодын 3 ангийн Paramphistomum spp, Moniezia spp, Neoascaris sрp, Trichostrongylus spр, Nematodirus sрp, Haemonchus spp, Trichuris spp зэрэг 7 төрлийн гельминт, Coccidia spp төрлийн эгэл биетэн, янгирт Paramphistomum spp, Moniezia spp, Neoascaris sрp, Nematodirus sрp, Trichuris spp зэрэг 5 төрлийн гельминтүүд, Coccidia spp төрлийн эгэл биетэн илэрч тодорхойлогдоод байна. Үүнээс Paramphistomum spp төрлийн трематодыг аргаль, янгираас анх удаа илрүүлсэн болно. Харин тахь нь Ascaridae, Strongylidae төрлийн нематодоор халдварласан болох нь тогтоогдов. Хошуу галууны баасны сорьцноос Capillaria spp төрлийн нематодын өндөг, Eimeria spp төрлийн эгэл биетний ооцистын халдвар илэрсэн бол бор галууны нийт баасны сорьцноос 2 төрлийн нематод (Ascaridae spp, Capillaria spp)-ын өндөг, Eimeria spp төрлийн эгэл биетний халдвар илрэв.
 Энэ судалгаагаар Монгол орны аргаль, янгир, тахь, нүүдлийн шувууд ямар төрөл, зүйлийн паразитаар халдварласан ерөнхий дүр зураг буй болов. 
 Түлхүүр үг: Аргаль, янгир, тахь, нүүдлийн шувуу, баасны сорьц, гельминт, өндөг, ооцист
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Strazdiņa, Vita, Aleksandrs Jemeļjanovs, and Vita Šterna. "Nutrition Value of Wild Animal Meat." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 67, no. 4-5 (2013): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2013-0074.
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Abstract One of the most valuable foods is meat, due its nutritional value, largely determined by the essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, etc. At the same time, concern needs to be given to health of consumers by used products with less calories, which can be ensured by greater variety of game animals, including also deer grown in captivity. The aim of our investigation was to compare the nutrition value of elk, wild deer, farm deer, roe deer, and wild boar that were killed during hunting in Latvia. Meat samples (m. logissimus lumborum) were collected in the autumn- winter season. The results of the conducted research suggest that game meat samples have higher protein and essential fatty acid content in comparison with domestic animals. The amount of fat in all analysed samples did not differ greatly, although the fatty acid content in wild game meat differed significantly. The fatty acid profile was used to calculate the atherogenicity index (AI), which has a positive correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disorders. The formula AI = [C12 : 0 + (C14 : 0 × 4) + C16 : 0 ] / (Total unsaturated fatty acids) was used to calculate the ratio of total saturated fatty acids, ω-6 and ω-3. Regarding the microelement content of meat there were great differences in iron and manganese concentration among animals.
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Tomasik, Brian. "The Importance of Wild-Animal Suffering." Relations, no. 3.2 (November 2015): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/rela-2015-002-toma.
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Spencer, L. Vaughan, and Stuart Crainer. "Management - according to a wild animal?" Business Strategy Review 20, no. 3 (2009): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8616.2009.00620.x.
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Lainson, R., E. A. Y. Ishikawa, and F. T. Silveira. "American visceral leishmaniasis: wild animal hosts." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 96, no. 6 (2002): 630–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90333-0.
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Pastoret, Paul-Pierre, and Bernard Brochier. "Biological control of wild animal infections." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 2, no. 3 (1991): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-1669(05)80157-0.
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