Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area"

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Lindsey, P. A., S. S. Romañach, S. Matema, C. Matema, I. Mupamhadzi, and J. Muvengwi. "Dynamics and underlying causes of illegal bushmeat trade in Zimbabwe." Oryx 45, no. 1 (January 2011): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310001274.

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AbstractThe prevalence and impacts of the illegal trade in bushmeat are under appreciated in Southern Africa, despite indications that it constitutes a serious conservation threat in parts of the region. Bushmeat trade has emerged as a severe threat to wildlife conservation and the viability of wildlife-based land uses in Zimbabwe during a period of political instability and severe economic decline. We conducted a study around Savé Valley Conservancy in the South-East Lowveld of Zimbabwe to investigate the dynamics and underlying causes of the bushmeat trade, with the objective of developing solutions. We found that bushmeat hunting is conducted mainly by unemployed young men to generate cash income, used mostly to purchase food. Bushmeat is mainly sold to people with cash incomes in adjacent communal lands and population centres and is popular by virtue of its affordability and availability. Key drivers of the bushmeat trade in the South-East Lowveld include: poverty, unemployment and food shortages, settlement of wildlife areas by impoverished communities that provided open access to wildlife resources, failure to provide stakes for communities in wildlife-based land uses, absence of affordable protein sources other than illegally sourced bushmeat, inadequate investment in anti-poaching in areas remaining under wildlife management, and weak penal systems that do not provide sufficient deterrents to illegal bushmeat hunters. Each of these underlying causes needs to be addressed for the bushmeat trade to be tackled effectively. However, in the absence of political and economic stability, controlling illegal bushmeat hunting will remain extremely difficult and the future of wildlife-based land uses will remain bleak.
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Weladji, Robert B., Stein R. Moe, and Pål Vedeld. "Stakeholder attitudes towards wildlife policy and the Bénoué Wildlife Conservation Area, North Cameroon." Environmental Conservation 30, no. 4 (December 2003): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892903000353.

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In recent years, wildlife policies that consider the participation of stakeholders have been promoted. An understanding of the stakeholders' attitudes towards conservation and existing policies are critical in designing new policies or sustainable conservation strategies. This paper examines stakeholders' (local people, park staff and professional hunter guides) attitudes, towards the Bénoué Wildlife Conservation Area (BWCA) and towards Cameroonian wildlife policy. The BWCA encompasses the Bénoué National Park and its surrounding hunting concessions that also include some villages. Both the Park and the hunting concessions are two categories of protected areas. Data were collected using informal interviews and questionnaires administered to 114 households from three communities, 17 park staff and seven professional hunter guides. Local people's attitudes towards protected areas depended on the management category of the particular protected area. Local people were positive towards the existence of the Park, but negative towards the system of hunting concession areas. There was local variation between communities concerning these attitudes. Local people were generally positive to maintaining the present Park area, but preferred a reduction in the size of the hunting concessions. Both Park staff and professional hunter guides expressed concern about present management strategies and the extent of illegal resource exploitation. Despite having poor knowledge of the current Cameroonian wildlife policy, most of the local households expressed support for it, but called for increased local involvement in management, off-take and the harvesting of benefits from both Park and hunting concession activities. The Park staff were sceptical about local participation in this context and saw such endeavours as a threat to a sound biodiversity management scheme. The findings indicate the need to strengthen current wildlife policy, promote the involvement of local people and empower the Park staff, both in terms of resources and in terms of skills in interacting with local people. The revised policy should be designed so as to vary according to the category of protected area and allow site-specific adaptations. Local people must experience reduced incurred costs and increased incomes from the Park. An environmental education programme is recommended to extensively disseminate the policy to user groups in the area.
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Bwalya Umar, Bridget, and Julius Kapembwa. "Economic Benefits, Local Participation, and Conservation Ethic in a Game Management Area: Evidence From Mambwe, Zambia." Tropical Conservation Science 13 (January 2020): 194008292097175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082920971754.

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This study examines views on economic benefits, local participation in wildlife management and conservation ethic among 267 residents of three chiefdoms in Mambwe district, Eastern Zambia. Results show that 68% of the residents who live in the Lupande Game Management Area are not in any way involved in community wildlife management. For those involved, the main reason advanced for participating was economic benefit (79%). Only a small minority of 17% of the residents participated due to motivations to conserve wildlife. Human-wildlife conflicts induced by wild animal crop raiding, property destruction, and loss of human life, and perceived low or non-existent economic benefits seemingly precluded the development of a conservation ethic among residents. The local chiefs asserted wildlife ownership, lamented low wildlife benefits and justified its illegal uptake. Proponents of community conservation projects could encourage pro conservation attitudes among residents by addressing human-wildlife conflicts and raising awareness on intrinsic values of wildlife.
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Stephenson, Peter J., and John E. Newby. "Conservation of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve, Zaïre." Oryx 31, no. 1 (January 1997): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1997.d01-3.x.

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The Okapi Wildlife Reserve was created in May 1992 to conserve a representative area of the Ituri rainforest in north-eastern Zaïre. This article examines the threats facing this large protected area and summarizes the management actions proposed to address these problems within the next 10 years. Emphasis is placed on the need to integrate the local population into reserve management and to empower people as much as possible to manage their own resources. The long-term future of the reserve in the context of national economic and political instability is discussed.
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Homewood, Katherine, W. A. Rodgers, and K. Arhem. "Ecology of pastoralism in Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 1 (February 1987): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600064133.

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SummaryThis management-oriented study of range, livestock and Maasai ecology in the wildlife conservation and pastoralist land use Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) quantifies spatial and temporal variation in range resources for three main study sites over a 2-year period. Livestock response is analysed in terms of biomass densities, habitat and pasture utilization, activity, herd size, composition and dynamics. Milk production is investigated together with the main ecological factors influencing yields. A household survey of the Maasai food system suggests that pastoral products now provide an annual average of 40% dietary energy intake, the remainder being supplied by grain. These findings form the basis of our analysis of the growing friction between the Conservation Authority and the pastoralists. Pastoralist livestock closely resemble wild ungulate utilization of NCA range resources. A combination of disease interactions and administrative restrictions allow wildlife to establish preferential access to critical grazing resources. Our results in the context of other work suggest that contrary to popular opinion pastoralist land use is an ecologically appropriate and efficient form of livestock management. There is no adverse impact on the conservation values of NCA. Despite average fertility and mortality levels pastoralist herds show progressive decline due to offtake for grain purchase. Imposed policies restrict grazing, ban cultivation and maintain poor conditions for livestock trade and grain supply. Possible interventions and their potential impacts are considered and management compromises which could benefit both pastoralists and wildlife are proposed.
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Zanamwe, Chenjerai, Edson Gandiwa, Never Muboko, Olga L. Kupika, Billy B. Mukamuri, and Francesca Verones. "Ecotourism and wildlife conservation-related enterprise development by local communities within Southern Africa: Perspectives from the greater Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation, South-Eastern Lowveld, Zimbabwe." Cogent Environmental Science 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1531463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311843.2018.1531463.

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Bamford, Andrew J., Daniella Ferrol-Schulte, and Jennifer Wathan. "Human and wildlife usage of a protected area buffer zone in an area of high immigration." Oryx 48, no. 4 (January 27, 2014): 504–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605313000215.

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AbstractPopulation growth near protected areas threatens the capacity of such areas for biodiversity conservation. Protected areas may even encourage growth by providing economic benefits that attract migrants. Consequently, understanding the relationships between human demographics and biodiversity is important for conservation. We studied a community-governed Wildlife Management Area bordering the Selous Game Reserve in Tanzania, set up to benefit local people and the subsistence rural economy. Annual population growth in this area is 5%. We used a combination of ecological and socio-economic surveys to determine the causes of this growth and its effect on wildlife in the Wildlife Management Area. One-third of local people interviewed were immigrants to the area. Population growth appeared to be unrelated to the protected area; instead an increasing proportion of immigrants cited readily available land as their reason for moving. Pastoralism was associated with fewer signs of large grazing mammals and elephants Loxodonta africana and agriculture was associated with fewer signs of elephant and buffalo Syncerus caffer but more signs of other ungulates. Few residents were aware of the Wildlife Management Area and few received any benefits from wildlife and therefore had little reason to conserve it. This situation is attributable to poor management of the Wildlife Management Area. Detrimental effects of human activity could spread to the Selous Game Reserve if population growth continues. However, natural resources could benefit residents if properly managed. Interactions between human demographics and protected areas are complex and may be best managed on a case-by-case basis.
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GROOM, ROSEMARY, and STEPHEN HARRIS. "Conservation on community lands: the importance of equitable revenue sharing." Environmental Conservation 35, no. 3 (August 28, 2008): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290800489x.

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SUMMARYAttempts to establish local support for wildlife and conservation through the sharing of revenues and empowerment of local communities to manage their wildlife have proliferated over the past two decades. Data from two neighbouring Maasai group ranches in the wildlife dispersal area of Amboseli and Tsavo National Parks (Kenya) indicated one ranch generated considerable wildlife revenues from a tourist operation and community trust while the other received no direct benefits from wildlife. The overall attitude to wildlife on the ranch with wildlife revenues was significantly more positive, but attitudes within the ranch varied significantly, depending on both costs from wildlife and perception of the distribution of wildlife revenues. Ordinal logistic regression analyses showed that it was not the amount of revenue received or the scale of costs from wildlife which determined people's attitudes, but simply the presence or absence of wildlife benefits. The importance of addressing inequitable distribution of benefits is emphasized.
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Lee, Derek E. "Evaluating conservation effectiveness in a Tanzanian community wildlife management area." Journal of Wildlife Management 82, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): 1767–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21549.

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E. Danquah, P. P. Agro, M. E. Nutsuakor,. "Expending Rangers’ Efforts in Estimating Incidence of Threats to Wildlife Conservation in a Protected Area." Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26796/jenrm.v4i1.69.

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Wildlife resources monitoring is considered a critical aspect for documenting trends in wildlife threats and yet the process is often plagued with poor design and implementation. Management of the Kalakpa Resource Reserve (KRR) in Ghana relies on ad hoc conservation strategies in dealing with wildlife threats. The study assessed the rate and trends of threats to wildlife species using field patrol records from 2007 to 2012 of all observations of illegal activities encountered by wildlife guards during regular law enforcement patrols Jonckheere Terpstra Trend and Kruskall Wallis H tests were conducted to compare and determine the linear associations in the yearly and monthly encounter rates of illegal activity (IA) as well as evaluate variations in incidences of IA respectively over the study period. The study revealed eleven (11) categories of illegal activities were in the area which varied significantly in the rate of encounter over the years. Significant decreasing trends were also observed illegal activities. and on a downward trends. Law enforcement efforts in KRR were effective in reducing wildlife threats however, efforts should be made to adopt modern methods of detecting wildlife threats during field patrol activities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area"

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Fuda, Rebecca K. "A park under pressure| The impacts of human disturbance in Murchison Falls Conservation Area, Uganda." Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596133.

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The extent of human disturbance is increasing, even in protected areas. I evaluated human disturbance impacts in Murchison Falls Conservation Area (MFCA), Uganda, a park in the Albertine Rift biodiversity hotspot, using two approaches. First, I quantified vegetation patterns and edge effects using remote sensing data in the MFCA interior, a boundary zone, and exterior zone. I observed abrupt changes in productivity between the park and adjacent unprotected areas, indicating a "hard edge", and found evidence of edge effects that extended 4-6 km into MFCA. Second, I evaluated the impact of restored oil pads, roads, the park boundary, and anthropogenic noise on mammal distribution using camera traps and occupancy modeling. Few species avoided, and some were attracted to, more disturbed sites, where restoration may have provided food resources. As human populations continue growing around MFCA and oil production begins, evaluating human disturbance impacts on the landscape will be increasingly important.

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Grant, Tanith-Leigh. "Leopard population density, home range size and movement patterns in a mixed landuse area of the Mangwe District of Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005412.

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Trophy hunting is often employed as a conservation management tool for large predators. However, in order for this method to succeed, hunting levels must be sustainable. Very little robust population data exist for African leopards (Panthera pardus) in general, and almost no density or spatial ecology data exist for leopards in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe has one of the highest annual CITES leopard trophy hunting quotas in Africa, the sustainability of which has not been assessed, despite large scale landuse changes over the last 12 years. The focal area of this study was within the Mangwe district, in the south-west of Zimbabwe. The region is dominated by cattle and wildlife ranches, with high levels of leopard hunting, making it an important area for assessing leopard population density and spatial ecology. Three population density estimation methods were employed in my study: a spoor index survey, an unbaited camera-trapping survey and a baited camera-trapping survey. Using three calibration equations, spoor indices appeared to underestimate the leopard population (1.28-3.29 leopards/ 100 km²) as the equations were calibrated for areas with different habitats and leopard densities. In addition, the unbaited camera survey only produced six leopard photographs, unsuitable for individual identification and analysis. By contrast, the baited camera survey produced 292 identifiable leopard photographs, from which 13 individuals were identified. Density estimates calculated using the programme CAPTURE and the M[subscript]h model with the Mean Maximum Distance Moved Outside of Study Area (MMDMOSA) buffer method (4.79±0.83 leopards/100 km²), and the programme SPACECAP, using a buffer of 2.5 km (5.12±0.62 leopards/100 km²), appeared to generate the most reliable leopard population estimates. To assess the spatial ecology, three leopards (one male, two females) were captured and fitted with GPS collars. The home range estimates of the three leopards (95% Kernel UD: male 263 km², females 31 and 45 km²) were smaller than those of leopards in more arid regions, but larger than those of mesic habitats. This suggests that the Mangwe area has a higher quality habitat than the arid regions of Namibia, but less suitable habitat than protected bushveld areas (e.g. Kruger National Park, South Africa). My data represents the first robust leopard density and home range assessment for Zimbabwe. In addition, my results indicate that the current hunting quota issued to the Mangwe area is unsustainable. Consequently, I recommend revising the quota to five leopards for the entire area, and halving the current national leopard quota to 250, until a national leopard census is completed.
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Sullivan, Caryn Self. "Conservation of Antillean manatees in the Drowned Cayes area of Belize." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2849.

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Coudrat, Camille N. Z. "Species distribution, abundance and conservation in Nakai-nam Theun National Protected Area, Central-Eastern Laos : implications for future local wildlife conservation project." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2013. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/4ac18953-4f42-45da-b3c7-71853aecb201/1/.

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Southeast Asia is experiencing unprecedented biodiversity declines brought about by human population growth and economic development leading to unsustainable use of natural resources and loss of natural habitat. The scientific community has emphasized this biodiversity crisis in the past decade, calling for immediate action. In this context, I set my research as a case study in Nakai-­‐Nam Theun National Protected Area (NNT NPA), central eastern Laos where wildlife hunting has been rampant and management strategy failing to prevent wildlife declines. This research aimed (1) to re-­‐assess and bring forward the importance of NNT NPA for wildlife conservation, (2) to identify the key species for which NNT NPA is a priority for their conservation, (3) to use the data collected to develop a long-­‐term project in the area for research and conservation. In addition to this local-­‐level case study, I aimed (4) to identify the National near-­‐future priorities for research and conservation of Lao non-­‐ human primates (primates). For the latter, I reviewed the literature for the most reliable occurrence localities of Lao primate species across the country to model their potential distribution. I used the models to re-­‐assess their current status and identify the remaining gaps in our knowledge that need to be addressed. For the research in NNT NPA, I collected baseline data on key species occurrence and threats within the area. From January 2011 to March 2012, I conducted transect surveys in 10 different sites in the area. At each site, I set four to 20 transects, each replicated up to three times. During the transect walks I recorded all diurnal primate species sighted. In addition, I used the camera-­‐trap database of 2006 management staff. Using modelling softwares (MAXENT, ENFA, DISTANCE) to provide baseline predictions, I analysed both my transect survey and the camera-­‐trap survey data to assess the current status and distribution of red-­‐shanked doucs (Pygathrix nemaeus), four macaque species (Macaca arctoides, M. assamensis, M. leonina, M. mulatta), small-­‐carnivores (i.e. Viveridae, Prionodontidae, Herpestidae and Mustelidae), small medium-­‐sized cat species and muntjacs species (Muntiacus spp.) occurring in the area. My analysis of Lao primates distribution models at the National level reveals that (1) so-­‐far unvisited regions of northestern Laos may hold populations of highly-­‐ threatened colobines. Future research should focus on the taxonomy and distribution range limit between taxa of Nomascus, Pygathrix, T. francoisi s.l. and T. germaini s.l. The modelling results emphasise the need for more research on primate species in Laos, a country of high priority for primate conservation. My case-­‐study research in NNT NPA reveals that (2) based on a MAXENT analysis, I predicted a conservative suitable habitat of ca. 1600 km2 in NNT NPA and through a distance analysis, I estimated an average group density of 2.8 groups/km2, yielding a potential for ca. 4900 groups in the area. The population of red-­‐shanked doucs in NNT NPA likely -­‐term global survival. (3) Based on a MAXENT analysis using records from both transects and camera-­‐traps, the four resident macaque species were predicted to occupy a different geographical range and niche within NNT NPA. Macaca arctoides, M. assemensis, M. leonina and M. mulatta, respectively were predicted along a general environmental gradient: from low to high temperature and precipitation, and high to low elevation and slopes. The potential distribution of these four co-­‐existing, and morphologically similar species will have important implication for their management and future research. (4) Of 20259 camera trap-­‐days, from March 2006 to January 2011 only 21 images taken were of these four cat species. All these species were found with much lower survey efforts in NNT NPA in the 1990s. These species are readily camera-­‐ trapped in other evergreen forest sites in South-­‐east Asia. In combination, these factors indicate that the present low encounter rate is likely to represent their induced low density in NNT NPA due to high hunting pressure. This indicates that protected large forest blocks or mainly primary forests do not ensure the long-­‐term survival of hunting-­‐sensitive species. (5) Of the at least 21 small-­‐carnivore species (Viverridae, Prionodontidae, Mustelidae, and Herpestidae) confirmed in Laos, 15 occur in Nakai-­‐Nam Theun NPA of which ten were photographed during this survey: common palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, masked palm civet Paguma larvata, large Indian civet Viverra zibetha Chrotogale owstoni, spotted linsang Prionodon pardicolor, binturong Arctictis binturong, yellow-­‐throated marten, ferret badger sp(p). Melogale sp(p)., hog badger Arctonyx collaris and crab-­‐ eating mongoose Herpestes urva. The high rate of hunting with ground snares in the 5 area put some of these species at high risk of local extinction; however, NNT NPA remains one of the most important areas in Laos for small-­‐carnivore species, in (6) Based on an ENFA and MAXENT analysis, Critically Endangered large-­‐antlered muntjac M. vuquangensis and other resident muntjac species differ in their predicted potential distribution. The former is predicted at lower elevation range, in the western part of the NPA. NNT NPA represents the core habitat of M. vuquangensis and its conservation should be a priority in the area (7) Over my field work in NNT NPA I counted over 3000 ground snares (active or about to be set). Despite a management strategy in place and funding available, wildlife conservation in NNT NPA has not been successful. The major threat to wildlife is unsustainable hunting, using ground snares, by both Lao and Vietnamese hunters driven by a lucrative wildlife trade between the two countries. This indicates the urgent need for wildlife management improvement in the area, to be targeted on illegal hunting activities and the need for a long-­‐term research and conservation project to improve our knowledge of this rich wildlife, ensure its long-­‐term conservation and empower and educate local communities towards an integrated conservation strategy.
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Kahler, Benjamin M. "Area-sensitivity, landscape habitat associattions and distribution of breeding marsh birds within the glaciated region of Ohio, USA." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367574841.

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van, Schalkwyk Irené. "Leopard conservation, tourism and local communities in the Cederberg." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7229.

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Magister Artium - MA
The Cederberg is increasingly associated with wildlife and ecotourism. Long-established rural communities practising subsistence farming reside in the Cederberg, some on the very boundary of the Cederberg Wilderness Area. Land uses related to tourism and conservation are currently reframing the Cederberg as a leisure landscape; a development that is not always compatible with sustaining the livelihoods of local inhabitants. Humans often occupy spaces to create a ‘civilised’ place of belonging for themselves and their domestic animals, and may regard certain indigenous wildlife species (such as baboons and leopards) as intrusive vermin. Livestock-keeping communities in the Cederberg are affected in particular by leopard conservation efforts. Livestock (sheep and donkeys in particular) is important to these farmers but often in danger of becoming prey to wild predators. In the Cederberg, the endangered Cape Mountain Leopard moves freely between the protected and inhabited spaces and often comes into contact with livestock owned by local subsistence farmers. This dissertation is rooted in the emerging sub-discipline of ‘animal geographies’. It explores divergent views of the term ‘wilderness’ as well as the treatment of ‘wild’ animals within the areas occupied by local people. It focusses on the community involvement in conservation practices and human-wildlife conflict issues, exploring community responses to their changing context and especially current conservation practices of CapeNature and the Cape Leopard Trust (the provincial conservation authority and an NGO respectively). Interviews with local people about current and historical leopard encounters are drawn upon in the analysis. The study is concerned to understand how conservation is impacting on local communities, and their responses to these shifts. Results suggest that there is substantial gap in the relationship with the communities and conservation authorities, especially regarding leopard conservation and livestock preservation. The communities of Wupperthal continue to suffer significant losses due to leopard predation. As it is now illegal to trap or kill leopards, residents have few strategies to protect their livestock. While some communities have a better relationship with CapeNature regarding the tourism activities within their community and other conservation initiatives, their considerable frustration was evident. The study explores the complex land issues in the region, and suggests possibilities for improvement in the relationship between local subsistence farmers and conservation authorities.
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Van, Eeden Daniël Greyling. "Aspects of the ecology and conservation status of selected wildlife in and around Tembe Elephant Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03232007-095314/.

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Hernold, Henni. "Burunge Wildlife Management Area and effects on the villages around- : A case study in Babati district, Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41305.

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This study took place in northern Tanzania in Babati district. Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) are establishments that endorse conservation of the wildlife and the environment, development and sustainable land-use in the rural areas. The aim of the organization is to provide local communities with economic benefits and including them in the projects of wildlife and habitat conservation (Kicheleri et al., 2018). However, it is unclear if the aim of the organizations has worked that well in the field. The aim of this study is to analyze some of the local attitudes, of the villages Minjingu, Vilima Vitatu and Kakoi, towards Burunge Wildlife Management Area. This study will also analyze how the membership with WMA has changed the living conditions for the inhabitants in the three villages, by conducting semi-structured interviews on villagers, a WMA secretary and the district council officer. Results indicate that the most common perception villagers have about WMA is that the household income has decreased, and the destruction on land and crops by wildlife has increased. The villagers are unhappy about how WMA handles different situations. Due to this, the majority of the respondents from all three studied villages stated they would like to end the membership with WMA.
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Collinson, Wendy Jane. "A standardised protocol for roadkill detection and the determinants of roadkill in the greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002056.

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Despite evidence suggesting that road traffic is a major threat to biodiversity loss, very little is known about its actual impact on wildlife populations in South Africa. Globally, road density and traffic volumes are increasing, and although huge budgets are devoted to the construction and upgrading of roads, there is little or no allocation to mitigation measures for protecting fauna in most countries, particularly Africa. Further, no global standardised protocol exists for the rapid assessment of roadkill or the most economical and efficient approach for assessing roadkill rates. Using vehicle field trials, the reliability of detecting artificially deployed roadkill was assessed. Roadkill detection rates decreased significantly at speeds >50 km/h and were also significantly influenced by light conditions (i.e. detection success was greater when the sun was high) and the position of the roadkill on the road (i.e. smaller roadkill on verges were often missed). These results suggest that roadkill sampling was most effective between 1.5 hours after dawn and 1.5 hours before dusk and that driving at slower speeds (<50 km.h⁻ₑ) was required to detect roadkill. This protocol was implemented across three ecological seasons on a 100 km paved road and a 20 km unpaved road in the Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Driven daily over a 120-day period (three periods consisting each of 40 days), a total of 1,027 roadkill were recorded. These comprised 162 species from all terrestrial vertebrate groups with birds being the most commonly encountered roadkill (50% of all incidents). The high numbers of vertebrates identified as roadkill suggests that road traffic could have potentially unsustainable impacts on wildlife populations and hence the biodiversity of the area. Seventeen variables were identified as possible determinants of roadkill occurrence with season, rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature, habitat type, grass height, grass density, fence type and vehicle type significantly influencing roadkill numbers. Significantly more roadkill were detected on the paved road (9.91/100km) than on the unpaved road (1.8/100km) probably because of greater traffic volumes and the increased speed that vehicles travelled on the paved road. Warmer temperatures and increased rainfall in the preceding 24 hours also increased road mortality numbers as animals tended to become more active during these times. Interestingly, more roadkill was detected in open roadside habitats compared to dense roadside habitats on both the paved and unpaved roads and when grass on the roadside verge was of intermediate height. Open habitat possibly may provide a natural corridor for wildlife which ultimately end up on the road. Roadkill numbers increased when certain other physical barriers, such as cattle fences, were present, probably because these barriers were more penetrable than electric fencing. A series of mitigation measures are proposed to reduce the impacts of roads on wildlife in South Africa. These mitigation measures highlight the need to address the balance between the development of a country’s transport infrastructure and the conservation of its fauna. It is important that research on the impacts of roads becomes standardised to enable robust statistical comparisons which will provide a greater understanding of the potential threats to vertebrate biodiversity
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Sieber, Anika. "Land-use change, protected area effectiveness, and wildlife dynamics in post-Soviet European Russia." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17797.

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Die Biodiversitätskrise des Anthropozäns wird vor allem durch vom Menschen bedingte Umweltveränderungen verursacht. Naturschutzgebiete sind ein globaler Eckpfeiler des Umweltschutzes und besonders wichtig für den Erhalt von Großsäugern. Fortschreitender menschlicher Einfluss sowie zunehmender Verlust und die Zerteilung von Lebensräumen innerhalb und außerhalb von Naturschutzgebieten beeinflussen deren Effektivität und Wert für den Umweltschutz stark, besonders in Zeiten sozioökonomischer und institutioneller Schocks mit reduzierten Ressourcen für den Umweltschutz. Der Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion im Jahr 1991 war solch ein Schock und das Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit war es, besser zu verstehen, wie dieser Schock die Landnutzung, die Effektivität von Naturschutzgebieten und die Populationsdynamik von Wildtieren beeinflusst hat. Der europäische Teil Russlands bot sich deshalb als Untersuchungsgebiet an, da es eine vom Menschen stark beeinflusste Region ist, welche Lebensraum für Großsäuger aufweist sowie ein Netzwerk von Naturschutzgebieten besitzt, die über Langzeitdaten zur Biodiversität verfügen. Diese Doktorarbeit verwendete umfassende Datensätze und interdisziplinäre Ansätze, um die Veränderungen in Landnutzung, Jagddruck, Naturschutzgebieten, Lebensräumen und Populationsdynamiken von Wildtieren in post-sowjetischer Zeit zu beobachten und auszuwerten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der sozioökonomische und institutionelle Schock nach 1991 einen verringerten Landnutzungsdruck zur Folge hatte, bedingt durch die weit verbreitete Aufgabe von Landwirtschaft und generell abnehmende Raten von Waldeinschlag. Naturschutzgebiete spielten eine wichtige Rolle beim Schutz der Biodiversität und profitierten von vergrößerten Lebensräumen für Großsäuger. Wildtierpopulationsdynamiken waren in post-sowjetischer Zeit wesentlich beeinflusst von Landnutzungswandel und Jagddruck. Diese Forschungsergebnisse leisten einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Unterstützung des Biodiversitätsmonitorings.
The biodiversity crisis of the Anthropocene era is mainly caused by human-induced environmental changes such as land-use change and the overexploitation of wildlife. Protected areas are a cornerstone of the global conservation efforts and particularly important for preserving large mammals. Increasing human impact and continued loss and fragmentation of wildlife habitats inside and outside protected areas strongly affect their effectiveness and conservation value, especially during times of socio-economic and institutional shocks with reduced resources for nature conservation. The breakdown of the Soviet Union in 1991 was such a shock and the overall aim of this thesis was to contribute to a better understanding of how this shock affected land use, protected area effectiveness, and wildlife dynamics in European Russia. European Russia served as a representative area for such a study as it is a human-dominated region, which harbors large mammal species and a long-established network of scientific protected areas providing long-term biodiversity data. The overall aim of this thesis was assessed by using a broad range of data and interdisciplinary approaches to monitor and evaluate changes in land use and hunting pressure, protected areas, wildlife habitats, and species population dynamics in post-Soviet times. The results of this thesis revealed that the socio-economic and institutional shock after 1991 resulted in reduced land-use pressure due to widespread farmland abandonment and overall lowered rates of forest logging in European Russia. Protected areas played an important role in halting threats to biodiversity and benefitted from increased large mammals’ habitat within their zone of interaction. Wildlife dynamics were significantly affected by land-use change and hunting pressure in post-Soviet times. The findings of this thesis provide a valuable contribution to support biodiversity monitoring and overcome knowledge gaps on biodiversity conservation.
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Books on the topic "Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area"

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Tilde, Stuart, ed. Ngorongoro conservation area. Cape Town: Struik, 1995.

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Kurji, Feroz. Population and conservation in the Serengeti-Maswa area. [Dar es Salaam?]: Institute of Resource Assessment, University of Dar es Salaam, 1985.

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Rodgers, W. A. Wildlife protected area network in India: A review, executive summary. Dehradun: Wildlife Institute of India, 2002.

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Satpā, Thailand Sūan ʻAnurak. Khēt hām lā satpā nai Prathēt Thai: Non hunting area in Thailand. Bangkok]: Sūan ʻAnurak Satpā, Samnak ʻAnurak Sapphayākō̜n Thammachāt, Krom Pāmai, Krasūang Kasēt læ Sahakō̜n, 1999.

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Chapman, Ray. The natural history of Bournemouth and the surrounding area. Salisbury [England]: Wessex Books, 2009.

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Chapman, Ray. The natural history of Bournemouth and the surrounding area. Salisbury [England]: Wessex Books, 2009.

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Berkmüller, Klaus. Protected area system planning and management in Lao PDR: Status report to mid-1995. Vientiane: Lao-Swedish Forestry Cooperation Programme, 1995.

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Carpenter, Jennifer E. Wildlife survey of the Antelope Creek habitat development area - 2007. Edmonton: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish & Wildlife Division, Species At Risk, 2008.

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Carpenter, Jennifer E. Wildlife survey of the Antelope Creek habitat development area - 2007. Edmonton: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish & Wildlife Division, Species At Risk, 2008.

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Royal Society for Protection of Nature (Bhutan). Nature, wildlife, and people: Living with nature in Phobjikha conservation area. Thimphu: Royal Society for Protection of Nature, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area"

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Soares, Jorge F., and Torsten Wronski. "Idmi and Other Mammalian Wildlife in the Farasan Islands Protected Area." In The Arabian Seas: Biodiversity, Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures, 1323–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51506-5_64.

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Manzoor Rashid, A. Z. M., and Niaz Ahmed Khan. "Role of Co-management Organizations in Protected Area Governance: Some Observations from the Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary." In Forest conservation in protected areas of Bangladesh, 181–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08147-2_9.

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Jones, Brian T. B., Richard W. Diggle, and Chris Thouless. "From Exploitation to Ownership: Wildlife-Based Tourism and Communal Area Conservancies in Namibia." In Institutional Arrangements for Conservation, Development and Tourism in Eastern and Southern Africa, 17–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9529-6_2.

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Katondo, Richard J. M., and Agnes M. S. Nyomora. "The role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities: the case of Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area, Rufiji district, Tanzania." In Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 169–79. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0169.

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Abstract This study examined the role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities in Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area (WMA). The study aimed to identify forms of ecosystem services that can be gained from conservation of a WMA in relation to climate change adaptation. The design for this study adopted both a quantitative and a qualitative research approach. The study was undertaken in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA located between latitude 39° S and 39°30' S and between longitude 12°30' E and 13° E. It is located alongside the north-eastern border of the Selous Game Reserve. The area is also the home of local people whose lifestyles and livelihoods are intricately tied to the biological diversity and the functioning of this natural system. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting respondents for the household questionnaire, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. This study found that income obtained from Ngarambe-Tapika ecosystems by the communities were invested in material welfare and livelihoods that enhance resilience to climate change, primarily social services (54.9%) such as construction of houses, dispensaries and rehabilitation of the primary schools, and some of the money was spent on electricity provision for the community and energy for light and water pumps. Other benefits included employment (16.5%), protection from dangerous and problematic wildlife (14.3%) and petty business (14.3%). Generally, in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA there is a need to emphasize conservation awareness and extension programmes which advocate sustainable utilization of wildlife resources, and adopt an integrated approach of climate-smart agriculture to address the challenges related to food insecurity and climate change and variability. The latter would enable increased agricultural productivity to support equitable increases in farm incomes, improve food security and build resilience of agricultural and food security systems to adapt to climate change and variability.
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Ajayi, S. S. "Problems of protected (conservation) area management in Africa." In Wildlife Conservation in Africa, 75–83. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816962-9.00008-9.

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Ajayi, S. S. "Curriculum development and evolution of capacity building for protected area management in Africa: The experience of University of Ibadan, Nigeria." In Wildlife Conservation in Africa, 213–25. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816962-9.00018-1.

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"Transfrontier Conservation Initiatives in Southern Africa: Observations from the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area." In Evolution and Innovation in Wildlife Conservation, 391–410. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849771283-34.

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"Where to watch wildlife in the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA)." In Animals of the Serengeti, 20–22. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400851386.20.

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Ayorekire, Jim, Francis Mugizi, Joseph Obua, and Grace Ampaire. "Community-Based Tourism and Local People's Perceptions Towards Conservation." In Prospects and Challenges of Community-Based Tourism and Changing Demographics, 56–82. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7335-8.ch003.

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Uganda is among the most bio-diverse countries and a competitive wildlife-based tourism destination in the world. Community-based tourism approach has been adopted in the country's conservation areas as a strategy to ensure that local communities benefit and support wildlife conservation. This chapter analyses local communities' perceptions of conservation and the benefits they get from tourism in Queen Elizabeth Conservation Area. The study reveals that local communities were concerned about loss of protected resources and support their conservation irrespective of the benefits they get from tourism in the conservation area. There is need to design conservation programmes that focus on local community-conservation-benefits nexus which take into consideration the perceived conservation values, strategies for benefit sharing and incorporation of indigenous knowledge systems.
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"Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation." In Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation, edited by Gary P. Garrett, Timothy W. Birdsong, Megan G. Bean, and Ryan McGillicuddy. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874400.ch30.

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<em>Abstract</em>.—The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department has initiated an innovative approach to fish and wildlife conservation in Texas. By working with alliances of landowners, we provide a holistic approach to technical guidance and help to secure funding for restoration and conservation actions throughout targeted watersheds. Although we have projects in many locations in the state, our most successful utilizes the state fish of Texas as an iconic symbol that provides a positive, high-profile image depicting the need for, and benefits of, watershed conservation. We chose the Llano River Watershed to begin implementation of the Guadalupe Bass Restoration Initiative and, to date, have 17 conservation and restoration initiatives in the watershed that encompass 21,370 ha and 56 km of rivers and streams. Projects focus on actions that restore riparian areas, reduce soil erosion and runoff, increase infiltration and aquifer recharge, improve water quality, and enhance habitat for both aquatic and terrestrial species. Through the initiative, we promote awareness and stewardship of fish and wildlife habitats, share best management practices, organize community involvement in local habitat conservation projects, provide technical guidance and planning assistance, and help leverage available resources. Additionally, in 2011 and 2012, we stocked more than 280,000 genetically pure Guadalupe Bass <em>Micropterus treculii </em>in the South Llano River to reverse the trend of hybridization with the nonnative Smallmouth Bass <em>M. dolomieu</em>. We also supported studies on fish community and habitat analysis in the Llano River Watershed and partnered with private landowners to develop a watershed conservation plan. We are now in the process of developing a habitat conservation demonstration area (CDA) that extends over a 7-km segment of the Llano River. The CDA will provide fishing, paddling and hiking opportunities, promote sustainable public use of the river, and highlight restoration actions through educational kiosks placed along paddling and upland hiking trails.
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Conference papers on the topic "Wildlife conservation – Lowveld area"

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Sakurai, Ryo, Ryo Sakurai, Takahiro Ota, Takahiro Ota, Takuro Uehara, Takuro Uehara, Kenichi Nakagami, and Kenichi Nakagami. "WHAT AFFECTS PUBLIC WILLINGNESS TO CONSERVE COASTAL AREAS?" In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316217352.

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Public involvement in conservation and management of coastal areas is important especially in those countries, such as Japan, where fishermen are decreasing. Both local residents living adjacent to the ocean and urban residents could contribute to sustainable management of coastal areas through various activities. In order to effectively foster public participation in sustainable management of coastal areas, factors that affect people’s behavioral intentions for coastal conservation need to be identified. We conducted studies to understand cognitive factors affecting residents’ 1) willingness to invest in time and efforts to make a coastal area a better place, and 2) willingness to make financial sacrifices for the sake of the coastal area. Questionnaire survey was distributed around Hinase Bay (western part of Japan). Total of 2,851 responses were collected. Multiple regression analysis revealed that residents’ willingness to know more about wildlife of the coastal area had the strongest effect on their behavioral intentions for conservation of the coastal area. Our findings followed the findings of the previous study conducted in northern part of Japan and revealed that residents living in different regions showed similar cognitive mechanism regarding their intentions for conserving coastal areas. Suggestions for fostering public participation in coastal conservation included promoting wildlife and biodiversity of coastal ecosystems to residents. These outreach programs could increase residents’ interests and curiosity toward wildlife which would consequently raise their willingness to contribute to coastal conservation.
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Sakurai, Ryo, Ryo Sakurai, Takahiro Ota, Takahiro Ota, Takuro Uehara, Takuro Uehara, Kenichi Nakagami, and Kenichi Nakagami. "WHAT AFFECTS PUBLIC WILLINGNESS TO CONSERVE COASTAL AREAS?" In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b942124e361.21257362.

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Public involvement in conservation and management of coastal areas is important especially in those countries, such as Japan, where fishermen are decreasing. Both local residents living adjacent to the ocean and urban residents could contribute to sustainable management of coastal areas through various activities. In order to effectively foster public participation in sustainable management of coastal areas, factors that affect people’s behavioral intentions for coastal conservation need to be identified. We conducted studies to understand cognitive factors affecting residents’ 1) willingness to invest in time and efforts to make a coastal area a better place, and 2) willingness to make financial sacrifices for the sake of the coastal area. Questionnaire survey was distributed around Hinase Bay (western part of Japan). Total of 2,851 responses were collected. Multiple regression analysis revealed that residents’ willingness to know more about wildlife of the coastal area had the strongest effect on their behavioral intentions for conservation of the coastal area. Our findings followed the findings of the previous study conducted in northern part of Japan and revealed that residents living in different regions showed similar cognitive mechanism regarding their intentions for conserving coastal areas. Suggestions for fostering public participation in coastal conservation included promoting wildlife and biodiversity of coastal ecosystems to residents. These outreach programs could increase residents’ interests and curiosity toward wildlife which would consequently raise their willingness to contribute to coastal conservation.
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