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Journal articles on the topic 'Wildlife smuggling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Hafidzah, Dinda, Antonius Reiyhand Nathaniel Matahelumual, and Elsa Aprina. "Upaya Pemerintah terhadap Penanggulangan Kejahatan Penyelundupan Satwa Liar Dilindungi Melalui Jalur Wilayah Perairan Indonesia." Jurnal Lex Renaissance 7, no. 4 (2022): 852–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jlr.vol7.iss4.art11.

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This study aims to determine the government’s attempt to address the criminal action of smuggling the protected wildlife that occurs through Indonesian territorial waters. Indonesia’s nature which is touted as Mega-Biodiversity by the world is not immune from smuggling crimes which lead to illegal trade of protected wild animals. Not infrequently, this particular illegal activity is carried out by sea as one of the trade route. With the development of modes and cases of smuggling crimes that threaten the survival of protected wildlife, this raises the question of what efforts can be made by th

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2

Arivazhagan, R. M., S. Utham Kumar Jamadhagni, and Syed Umarhathab. "Maritime Transnational Crime: An Analysis of Coastal Tamil Nadu." YMER Digital 21, no. 04 (2022): 610–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.04/61.

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Maritime Transnational Crimes are common in port cities, mostly covering crimes such as smuggling goods; illegal wildlife trade (IWT) in shipment of both flora and fauna species like pangolin meat and red sanders; smuggling of endangered marine species like sea cucumber, turtles, seahorse, shark fins, etc.; smuggling explosives in vessels and containers, illegal activities like trafficking- humans (International Maritime Broder Line- IMBL violations cases), drugs, arms and ammunitions, piracy (robbery), illegal logistics services (migrant smuggling) are also, rampant. Tamil Nadu is the second

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3

Ferrier, Peyton. "Illicit Agricultural Trade." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 37, no. 2 (2008): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500003051.

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Agricultural and wildlife trade is subject to sudden, disruptive import restrictions arising from concerns over sanitary and phytosanitary safety and the conservation of natural resources. These restrictions can create significant international price differences that encourage the smuggling of goods across borders. This article presents an equilibrium model of smuggling where the supply and demand for smuggled goods depend on interregional price disparities in the presence of a trade ban. In this model, smuggling is more prevalent when demand and supply among trade partners is more inelastic o

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4

Zul Faqqaur Ananta Yudha, Firdaus, Margaretha Hanita, and Stanislaus Riyanta. "The Threat of Protected Flora and Fauna Smuggling In Indonesia as A Transnational Organized Crime From The Perspective of Customs and Excise." Asian Journal of Social and Humanities 3, no. 2 (2024): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v3i2.448.

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This article began with the existence of a major threat to national resilience related to transnational organized crime (TNOC) in wildlife trade and smuggling. The Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) as the guard of Indonesia's entrance has a strategic role in efforts to supervise TNOC activities. This study aims to analyze the threat of TNOC acts of animal smuggling and all efforts made by DJBC with other law enforcement officials. This paper uses a qualitative approach, with the research method of literature study or document study. Data collection techniques come from secondary

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5

Han, Chang-Ryung, and Hans Nelen. "Decoupling Policy and Practice in the Fight Against Wildlife Smuggling." British Journal of Criminology 57, no. 1 (2015): 132–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azv109.

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6

Martin, Chryssee Bradley, and Esmond Bradley Martin. "Profligate spending exploits wildlife in Taiwan." Oryx 25, no. 1 (1991): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300034013.

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When the authors visited Taiwan in 1988 they discovered that much of the rhino horn on sale there had come from South Africa. Since then action by the South African Government and Taiwanese Customs has stopped these illegal imports. A return visit in 1990 revealed that the same is not true of horn from Asian rhinos; demand for this is increasing and wealthy Taiwanese, aware that prices will rise even higher as rhinoceros numbers decline, are buying it as an investment. Although imports of rhino horn have been prohibited in Taiwan since 1985, the smuggling goes on, encouraged by the fact that d

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7

Onyeabor, Emmanuel, Helen Agu, and Edwin Arum. "Economic Implications of Trade in Wildlife: From Legality to Illegality." Nigerian Juridical Review 16 (June 28, 2022): 255–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.56284/tnjr.v16i1.23.

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Illegal trade in wildlife has caused the decline of many species in Nigeria, Africa and the world. Illegal killing, smuggling and other forms of illicit trade in wildlife do not only hurt the economy and the ecosystem, but they also fuel organised crime as well as feed corruption and insecurity, undermining the sustainable development of the country. Wildlife in Nigeria is under pressure as most endangered species, are traded both domestically and internationally. Nigeria is not only a source of wildlife products but has also emerged as a major transit country for wildlife trafficking accordin

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8

Garcês, Andreia, and Isabel Pires. "Wildlife under threat: Uniting forensic science and conservation practice to safeguard biodiversity." Natural Resources Conservation and Research 8, no. 1 (2025): 11285. https://doi.org/10.24294/nrcr11285.

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The illegal wildlife trade significantly threatens global biodiversity, driving many species toward extinction and disrupting ecosystems. This transnational crime is fueled by high demand for wildlife products such as ivory, rhino horns, and pangolin scales and is exacerbated by weak enforcement and global trade networks. Conservation efforts aim to mitigate this crisis through habitat protection, anti-poaching initiatives, and public awareness campaigns. In recent years, wildlife forensic science has become an important tool in addressing wildlife crimes. By leveraging techniques such as DNA

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9

Davitkov, Dajana, Milos Vucicevic, Uros Glavinic, et al. "Potential of Inter- and Intra-Species Variability of CHD1 Gene in Birds as a Forensic Tool." Acta Veterinaria 71, no. 2 (2021): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2021-0013.

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Abstract Nowadays, illegal trafficking and smuggling of animals are among the greatest threats to many avian species. Most commonly smuggled birds belong to parrots, song birds, raptor species and owls. All of these species are protected by national and international legislations. In order to prevent and reduce wildlife trafficking, DNA methods have become an important forensic tool in species and sex identification. In this study, CHD1R/CHD1F primer pair was used to amplify a part of the CHD1 gene from 65 birds that belong to 43 species. For 36 species this is the first time that the length o

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10

Suvra, Anika Nower, and Morshed Hossain Ontar. "Illegal Wildlife Trade in Bangladesh and India: A Study of Comparative Laws." Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law 5, no. 3 (2024): 488–547. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/up.v5i3.36570.

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Poaching of wildlife and misuse of plant habitats were considered one of the local, small-scale activities carried out by opportunists or miscreants for the purpose of illegal trade or smuggling of certain species. However, the irony is that over the past few decades. It has progressively become a major contributor to illegal trade with a hotspot for serious crimes" including those involving wild animals. Wildlife trafficking has become a serious threat to ecosystem conservation, putting species at risk of extinction and causing loss of biodiversity. The main objective of this work is to ensur

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11

Reuter, Peter, and Davin O’Regan. "Smuggling wildlife in the Americas: scale, methods, and links to other organised crimes." Global Crime 18, no. 2 (2016): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17440572.2016.1179633.

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12

Dvojmoč, Miha, and Valentina Kubale. "Illegal Trade in Exotic Animals and Its Impacts in Slovenia—A Case Study." Animals 13, no. 8 (2023): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13081375.

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Currently, the illegal wildlife trade is one of the most profitable illegal enterprises in the world. The aim of our study was to determine the situation with respect to wildlife trade in Slovenia, which is mainly a transit country, before changes to the Schengen borders came into effect. The volume of trade is significant but not extensive. The most common endangered species involved in illegal trade in Slovenia are the brown bear, the peregrine falcon, the date mussel, the lady’s slipper orchid, the common snowdrop, the cyclamen, the sea turtle, the otter, and various reptile species. The sm

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13

Sagapova, Nikola, and Radim Dusek. "CITES-listed Wildlife Trade of the Czech Republic." Littera Scripta 13, no. 2 (2021): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36708/littera_scripta2020/2/1.

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Wildlife trade involves many animal and plant species and their products. CITES (Convention on International Trafe in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) aims on protecting endangered plants and animals from being overharvested for the purposes of international trade through system of regulations, permits and monitoring. CITES Trade Database is a tool dedicated for the evidence of international trade of endangered wildlife species. We used records from the CITES Trade Database to conduct the analysis of the legal wildlife trade in the Czech Republic in the period 2008-2018. A total amo

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14

Anitha Bujunuru, Nanam Shiva Kumar, Pedimalla Nishwanth, and Mylaram Manoj Kumar. "Real-Time Zigbee Sensor Network for Forest Monitoring and Wildlife Conservation." International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering Management & Applied Science 14, no. 5 (2025): 423–26. https://doi.org/10.51583/ijltemas.2025.140500043.

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Abstract Tree smuggling, especially of high-value species like sandalwood and teak, poses a significant threat to biodiversity and forest ecosystems. These trees are highly sought after for their commercial value, making them frequent targets of illegal logging operations. This illicit activity not only depletes valuable natural resources but also contributes to deforestation and environmental degradation. In response to this growing concern, an IoT-based monitoring system has been developed to detect and prevent such activities. At the core of the system is a Node MCU microcontroller, integra

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15

Hanif, Fathi. "UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN SATWA LIAR INDONESIA MELALUI INSTRUMEN HUKUM DAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN." Jurnal Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2021): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.38011/jhli.v2i2.24.

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Abstrak Saat ini perlindungan jenis satwa atau hidupan liar diatur dalam instrumen hukum internasional seperti Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) tahun 1973. Undang-undang No.5 tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumberdaya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya danperaturan pelaksanaan lainnya mengatur perlindungan jenis satwa atau hidupan liar di Indonesia. Hingga saat ini masih banyak kasus kejahatan yang berkaitan dengan perburuan dan perdagangan satwa atau hidupan liar yang dilindungi, seperti kasus penyelundupan kakatua jambul kuning di Surabaya pada

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16

Nandika, Dudi, Dwi Agustina, Robert Heinsohn, and George Olah. "Wildlife Trade Influencing Natural Parrot Populations on a Biodiverse Indonesian Island." Diversity 13, no. 10 (2021): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13100483.

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Indonesia has been identified as the highest priority country for parrot conservation based on the number of species, endemics, and threats (trapping and smuggling). It is crucial to understand the current population status of parrots in the wild in relation to the illegal wildlife trade but the ecology and population dynamics of most parrot species in this region remain poorly understood. We conducted a parrot survey around an area of high biodiversity in the Manusela National Park, in Seram Island, Indonesia. We used a combination of fixed-radius point counts and fixed-width line transects t

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17

Said, Mounir, Nour Outa, Hassan Makhlouf, Zuhair Amr, and Ehab Eid. "Illegal Trade in Wildlife Species in Beirut, Lebanon." Vertebrate Zoology 68, no. 1 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.68.e32214.

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Between February and September 2014, we performed a survey of 23 animal markets in Beirut. Trade in wild animals including reptiles, birds and mammals comprise a large volume (25704 specimens). The estimated value of wildlife trade in Lebanon in the visited shops and during the study period is 431371 US$, out of which 97 % is for birds. This number indicates the economical importance of wildlife trade in Lebanon. Due to the high demand by the public, birds constituted the majority of the traded species which consisted mostly of cage-bred or imported species. Lebanon’s biodiversity is not threa

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18

Said, Mounir, Nour Outa, Hassan Makhlouf, Zuhair Amr, and Ehab Eid. "Illegal Trade in Wildlife Species in Beirut, Lebanon." Vertebrate Zoology 68 (April 5, 2018): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3897/vz.68.e32214.

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Between February and September 2014, we performed a survey of 23 animal markets in Beirut. Trade in wild animals including reptiles, birds and mammals comprise a large volume (25704 specimens). The estimated value of wildlife trade in Lebanon in the visited shops and during the study period is 431371 US$, out of which 97 % is for birds. This number indicates the economical importance of wildlife trade in Lebanon. Due to the high demand by the public, birds constituted the majority of the traded species which consisted mostly of cage-bred or imported species. Lebanon's biodiversity is not threa

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19

dani, Rupa. "Comparative Study of Femur Bone in Human and Non- Human Species." International Journal of Forensic Sciences 9, no. 2 (2024): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000389.

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Understanding skeletal remains found at crime scenes or archaeological sites requires a multidisciplinary approach involving anthropology, zoology, and wildlife forensics. Anthropology focuses on analyzing measurements, size, shape, and structure of bones to determine the cause of death, whether it involves humans or animals. Wildlife forensics investigates animal deaths, particularly for illegal activities like poaching and smuggling, by examining remains such as bones, skins, and horns. Zoology contributes by studying the behavior and characteristics of living creatures, as well as preservin

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20

Ramadanti, Nur Afya, Lucia Charlota Octovina Tahamata, and Wilshen Leatemia. "Perdagangan Satwa Liar Ditinjau Dari Convention On International Trade In Endangered Species Of Wild Fauna And Flaura." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 4 (2023): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i4.1797.

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Introduction: Smuggling, trading, and theft of protected wild animals have increased quite high, such as orangutans, tigers, primates, and various other types of wildlife. It was recorded that since 2014 there were 14 cases until in 2016 the cases increased to 25 cases of illegal wildlife trade. This will have an impact on the lack of heritage biodiversity for mankind.Purposes of the Research: To find out about protection against wildlife trade according to the Convention On International Trade In Endangered Species Of Wild Fauna And FlauraMethods of the Research: The research used is normativ

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21

Umema Ahmed, S.S. Daga, and R.K. Kumawat. "COVID 19 pandemic: Its impact on forensics and new normal practice." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.16.1.0195.

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In December, 2019, novel corona virus 2019-nCoV or SARS- CoV-2 or COVID 19 was reported in Wuhan city of China. Expeditious transmissibility, extremely virulent nature and acute pathogenicity, World Health Organization declared as a public health emergency of international concern on 30th January 2020. During the pandemic era crime and illicit economies such as organized criminal activities, domestic violence, terrorism, street crime, online crime, illegal markets and smuggling, human and wildlife trafficking, slavery, robberies and burglaries increased in the exponential manner. It was establ

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22

Umema, Ahmed, Daga S.S., and Kumawat R.K. "COVID 19 pandemic: Its impact on forensics and new normal practice." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 083–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131489.

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In December, 2019, novel corona virus 2019-nCoV or SARS- CoV-2 or COVID 19 was reported in Wuhan city of China. Expeditious transmissibility, extremely virulent nature and acute pathogenicity, World Health Organization declared as a public health emergency of international concern on 30th January 2020. During the pandemic era crime and illicit economies such as organized criminal activities, domestic violence, terrorism, street crime, online crime, illegal markets and smuggling, human and wildlife trafficking, slavery, robberies and burglaries increased in the exponential manner. It was establ

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23

Staiano, Fulvia. "Transnational Organized Crime as a Threat to International Peace and Security." Archiv des Völkerrechts 60, no. 1 (2022): 60–89. https://doi.org/10.1628/avr-2022-0004.

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Transnational organized crime (TOC) is a significant source of global instability. The UN Security Council (UNSC) has shown awareness of this issue, authorizing the adoption of coercive measures under Chapter VII of the UN Charter also against perpetrators of such crimes. This article reflects on whether TOC can fit the definition of threat to the peace currently adopted by the UNSC, and on its potential to foster a re-thinking of the meaning and scope of the concept of international peace and security. To this end, it examines the UNSCs authorizations of coercive measures aimed at repressing

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24

Waters, Hedwig A. "Building Merit: The Moral Economy of the Illegal Wildlife Trade in Rural, Post-Socialist Eastern Mongolia." Comparative Studies in Society and History 64, no. 2 (2022): 422–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417522000081.

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AbstractThis article describes the development of the moral economy of merit among the fishermen and rural poor of Dalai Village, Magtaal soum, Mongolia. In 1971, the historian E. P. Thompson used the term “moral economy” to describe a popular consensus on what was considered right and wrong in economic behavior, arguing that its provocation motivated the eighteenth-century English poor to engage in crowd-based political action. In contemporary, post-socialist eastern Mongolia, the rural poor have constructed a pervasive local discourse on what is considered legitimate (“merit-making” or buyan

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25

Nijman, Vincent, Ming Xia Zhang, and Chris R. Shepherd. "Pangolin trade in the Mong La wildlife market and the role of Myanmar in the smuggling of pangolins into China." Global Ecology and Conservation 5 (January 2016): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.12.003.

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26

Toomes, Adam, Oliver C. Stringham, Lewis Mitchell, Joshua V. Ross, and Phillip Cassey. "Australia's wish list of exotic pets: biosecurity and conservation implications of desired alien and illegal pet species." NeoBiota 60 (August 18, 2020): 43–59. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.60.51431.

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Globalisation of the live pet trade facilitates major pathways for the transport and introduction of invasive alien species across longer distances and at higher frequencies than previously possible. Moreover, the unsustainable trade of species is a major driver for the over-exploitation of wild populations. Australia minimises the biosecurity and conservation risk of the international pet trade by implementing highly stringent regulations on the live import and keeping of alien pets beyond its international CITES obligations. However, the public desire to possess prohibited alien pets has nev

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27

Kamaruddin, Hanim, and Muhamad Azham Marwan. "Towards extra-jurisdictional environmental management in combating transnational environmental crimes in Malaysia from a legal aspect." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.10 (2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.10.10948.

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Environmental deterioration in Southeast Asia region can be attributed to illegal logging and timber smuggling which contributes to deforestation, wildlife smuggling, black-market transactions in ozone-depleting substances and dumping of other forms of hazardous wastes and chemical, illegal open burning incidents that can lead to air pollution contributing to transnational impacts. Controlling activities that are taking place within one State resulting to environmental impacts in another State is not uncommon in environmental issues and thus, such activities are construed as environmental crim

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28

Rahman, Raihanah Dinda Alyfia. "Enhancing Regional Cooperation for Human Security: Insights from ASEANAPOL's 2023 Committee A." Transformasi Global 11, no. 2 (2024): 103–27. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.011.02.1.

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Integration of human security concepts in the 41st ASEANAPOL Meeting, Committee A focusing on enhancing regional cooperation to address complex global security threats. With analyzes how initiatives within ASEANAPOL aim to protect individuals' well-being from various transnational threats, encompassing aspects like personal protection, health, environment, economic, and community security. By using the theory of liberal institutionalism in viewing the existence of ASEANAPOL, and integrating the results of the Commission A meeting at the 41st ASEANAPOL with the concept of human security. The fi

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29

Li, Bing, Jun-Qiong Zhai, Ya-Jiang Wu, et al. "Molecular identification of tick-borne Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Babesia, and Colpodella in confiscated Malayan pangolins." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 18, no. 11 (2024): e0012667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012667.

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The traditional concept of “tonic food” and demand for traditional Chinese medicine make pangolins the largest population of illegally smuggled mammals in the world. Illegal hunting and trade are not only responsible for the sharp decline in pangolin populations but also provide conditions for pathogenic transmission. In 2021, we rescued 21 confiscated unhealthy Malayan pangolins, none of which survived. This study aimed to investigate the reasons for their unexpected deaths and the potential pathogens that may be transmitted during smuggling. Physical examination found that more than 80% pang

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30

Agatha, Thesalonika Vega Puspa, I. Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani, and Fatma Ulfatun Najicha. "Urgency of the Role of Society in Protection Conservation Area." Law Research Review Quarterly 8, no. 2 (2022): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lrrq.v8i2.53828.

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Indonesia has at least 54 National Parks (Taman Nasional) and 123 Nature Tourism Parks (Taman Wisata Alam) with an area of 16 million ha. In addition to national parks and Nature Tourism Parks, the potential of natural tourism in conservation areas in Indonesia is also located 28 units Forest Park, Buru Park 11 units, Nature Reserve 219 units, Wildlife Sanctuary 72 units, and Nature Reserve Area /Nature Conservation Area as much as 56 units. However, there is still unlicensed forest control, illegal logging, falsification of documents, smuggling of rare animals or plants, forest fires and etc.

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Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

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32

Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

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33

Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

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34

Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

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35

Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

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37

Cardeñosa, Diego, Matthew J. Gollock, and Demian D. Chapman. "Development and application of a novel real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect illegal trade of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)." Conservation Science and Practice 1, no. 5 (2019): e39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410238.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In 2007, the critically endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, due to declines in abundance across its range and significant international demand. Illegal trade in live European eel and its products is still occurring to satisfy the high demand around the world. Law enforcement officers face the challenge of identifying both live and processed European eel in a timely fashion to detain shipments and prosecute smugglers. Here

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Jan, Catherine, and Luca Fumagalli. "Polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers for forensic individual identification and parentage analyses of seven threatened species of parrots (family Psittacidae)." PeerJ 4 (September 22, 2016): e2416. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2416.

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The parrot family represents one of the bird group with the largest number of endangered species, as a result of habitat destruction and illegal trade. This illicit traffic involves the smuggling of eggs and animals, and the laundering through captive breeding facilities of wild-caught animals. Despite the huge potential of wildlife DNA forensics to determine with conclusive evidence illegal trade, current usage of DNA profiling approaches in parrots has been limited by the lack of suitable molecular markers specifically developed for the focal species and by low cross-species polymorphism. In

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Bunei, Emmanuel K. "The hunt for the precious wood." Society and Business Review 12, no. 1 (2017): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbr-04-2016-0025.

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Purpose This paper aims to explore the complex underpinnings and dynamics of increasing trend of illegal trading of high-value forest tress such as sandalwood in rural parts of Kenya, which has moved from highly opportunistic and culturally accepted activities to highly complex, commercial, criminal and entrepreneurial activity. The paper focuses on two theoretical frameworks: the first concerns with criminological concepts which underlie illegal logging, perpetrators and criminal network of smuggling of sandalwood from Kenya to overseas; the second focuses on the entrepreneurial process of th

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Rednikova, Tatiana Vladimirovna. "The Significance of CITES for Biodiversity Conservation: Semi-century Experience." Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, no. 1 (January 2023): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2023.1.40063.

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Today, global smuggling of endangered animals and plants is second only to drug trafficking. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which came into force in 1975, was a major step in protecting our planet's biodiversity. It covers more than 40,900 species, including some 6,610 animal species and 34,310 plant species, as listed in its three annexes. The Convention is perhaps one of the most effective means of protecting biological diversity and its components in international law. The Russian Federation has been a party to CITES since 1992.

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Martin, Esmond, Chryssee Martin, and Lucy Vigne. "Successful reduction in rhino poaching in Nepal." Pachyderm 54 (December 31, 2013): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.69649/pachyderm.v54i.341.

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Well deserving accolades, Nepal has succeeded in granting better protection for its Asian rhino population than has any other country. According to the 2011 census, Chitwan National Park, Bardia National Park and Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve had a total of 534 greater one-horned rhinos. In that year, only one rhino was poached. In 2012, just one other rhino was illegally killed. In November 2010 the Nepalese government set up three wildlife crime-control committees to work together nationally and in the districts to combat poaching and illegal wildlife trade in coordination with the Department

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Tititampruk, Dittita, and Tanet Ketsil. "Care for the Environment and Environmental Crime Based on Theravada Buddhist Philosophy." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (July 19, 2021): 1229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.143.

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From past to present, global compressions on human and environmental systems are more likely to increase than ever before in human history. With the science and technology advancement, we are living in the age of the global village that enables more convenient and brings us closer together. However, this also means that human being is suffering from global environmental crisis including the threat of war, economic crises, racial conflicts, environmental degradation, and environmental crime. This paper represents library-based work to date in Buddhist contemporary and useful perspectives and st

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Formentão, Leandra, Daniela Núñez-Rodriguez, and Andrea Rita Marrero. "Simulating the Bird Eggs Illegal Trade and Improve the DNA Barcode Amplification to Combat Bird Trafficking Through Species Identification." Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 12, no. 4 (2025): 340–54. https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs12(4)y2025340-354.

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The illegal bird trade is changing from capturing live animals to smuggling eggs, making trafficking even more dangerous. Eggs can exhibit intraspecific variations or show very similar traits between different species, making the morphological species identification inaccurate. Thus, genetic species identification has become an essential tool in solving wildlife crimes. However, the conditions to which eggs are subjected during trafficking, from capture in the wild to seizure, make egg samples increasingly difficult even for DNA analysis, limiting the availability of biological material for sp

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Martin, Esmond, Chryssee Martin, and Lucy Vigne. "The decline in carving African and Asian elephant tusks in Nepal and the decrease in ivory items for retail sale in Kathmandu." Pachyderm 54 (December 31, 2013): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.69649/pachyderm.v54i.339.

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The Nepal ivory industry has collapsed since early 2001, when the last survey was conducted. The few remaining craftsmen have stopped carving ivory. The number of shops selling ivory items has fallen from 57 in February 2001 to 19 in December 2012. During this period ivory items on display for sale in Kathmandu dropped from 1,546 to 208. Smuggled raw ivory from Africa and Asia used to come into Nepal via India, but both the India and the Nepal governments have improved their border controls. Wildlife law enforcement in Nepal has strengthened considerably since 2010 with the establishment of go

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Raja, P. R. Abhimanyu Karthikeya. "Trade of Endangered Animals in India and its Critical Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 4 (2024): 2286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60065.

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Abstract: The trade of endangered animals in India poses a significant threat to the biodiversity and ecological balance. Despite having stringent laws and international conventions, such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the illegal trade persists, driven by factors including demand for traditional medicine, luxury goods, and exotic pets. This abstract provides a critical analysis of the trade of endangered animals in India, focusing on its drivers, impacts, and the effectiveness of existing regulatory measures. In India, the traff

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Romero-Vidal, Pedro, Martina Carrete, Fernando Hiraldo, Guillermo Blanco, and José L. Tella. "Confounding Rules Can Hinder Conservation: Disparities in Law Regulation on Domestic and International Parrot Trade within and among Neotropical Countries." Animals 12, no. 10 (2022): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12101244.

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Wildlife trade is a major driver of biodiversity loss worldwide. To regulate its impact, laws and regulations have been implemented at the international and national scales. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) has regulated the international legal trade since 1975. However, an important volume of illegal trade—mainly within countries—continues to threaten several vertebrate groups, which could be due to a lack of specific legislation or enforcement of existing regulations. Our aim was to gain a more accurate picture of poaching and legal

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Ferrier, Peyton. "The Economics of Agricultural and Wildlife Smuggling." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1492832.

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"The economics of agricultural and wildlife smuggling." Trends in Organized Crime 13, no. 2-3 (2010): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-010-9102-0.

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Gaire, Asmita, and Krishna Prasad Acharya. "The crux of wildlife trafficking in Nepal." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution, December 11, 2023, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22244662-bja10069.

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Abstract Nepal is a biodiversity-rich country harboring endangered wildlife species. Despite commendable achievements in conserving charismatic wildlife species like the Tiger and Rhinoceros, Nepal is still a pivotal point for the illicit wildlife trade. In this perspective, we explore the current situation of wildlife poaching and smuggling, factors conducive to such activities, and present some minimum practitioner steps for what should be tried to prevent such a situation in Nepal.

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Rodríguez Mega, Emiliano. "Fighting wildlife smuggling, one DNA test at a time." Science, August 26, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aad1672.

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