Relevant bibliographies by topics / Willing buyer-willing seller

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Willing buyer-willing seller'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Willing buyer-willing seller"

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Shahanaghi, Kamran, and Maryam Keyvani Rad. "New Approach of Multistage Model in Supply Chain with Game Theory." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 4 (2016): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n4p112.

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<p>This paper researches the relationships between seller and buyer with regard to game theory. The research continues by assuming an indirectly managing by an Intermediation. The intermediation is considered as third party who tried to decrease the distance between seller and buyer willing. In our proposed methodology, Bi-level programming is used for modeling the decision making between seller and buyer in supply chain, and then extend the model in Multi-level decision making. In the presented solution, the third part offers a price to each of the seller and buyer individually and supposed as leader. Final answers of described algorithms are Nash equilibrium point for supply chain. The object of seller and buyer are considered as a follower in each stage. Profits maximization for sellers and buyer are calculated by considering their own constraints.</p>
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Lahiff, Edward. "‘Willing buyer, willing seller’: South Africa's failed experiment in market-led agrarian reform." Third World Quarterly 28, no. 8 (2007): 1577–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436590701637417.

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BECKER, BRIAN, and GARY GUTZLER. "Should a Blockage Discount Apply? Perspectives of Both a Hypothetical Willing Buyer and a Hypothetical Willing Seller." Business Valuation Review 19, no. 1 (2000): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5791/0882-2875-19.1.3.

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Soberman, David A. "Simultaneous Signaling and Screening with Warranties." Journal of Marketing Research 40, no. 2 (2003): 176–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.40.2.176.19228.

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It is well known that sellers can use warranties to screen consumers and increase profits. The ability of warranties to signal is also well accepted. The author considers a situation in which a high quality seller needs warranty policy to both screen and signal. Through an analytical model, the objective is to identify the optimal strategy for a high quality seller that offers a base warranty and optional extended warranty for a product whose quality is not observable to buyers. The author finds that signaling can limit a seller's ability to screen, especially when buyers are willing to pay a significant premium for higher quality. To signal, the seller generally lengthens base warranties and shortens optional coverage, making the bundles for each type of buyer more and more similar. The author also provides an empirical application of the model in the Toronto used-car market.
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Sebola, M. P., and J. P. Tsheola. "Economics of Agricultural Land Restitution and Redistribution in South Africa: Willing-Seller, Willing-Buyer Business Imperatives Versus Socio-political Transformation?" Journal of Human Ecology 46, no. 2 (2014): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2014.11906712.

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Kim, Seong-Cheol, and Surender Reddy Salkuti. "Optimal power flow based congestion management using enhanced genetic algorithms." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 2 (2019): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp875-883.

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<p>Congestion management (CM) in the deregulated power systems is germane and of central importance to the power industry. In this paper, an optimal power flow (OPF) based CM approach is proposed whose objective is to minimize the absolute MW of rescheduling. The proposed optimization problem is solved with the objectives of total generation cost minimization and the total congestion cost minimization. In the centralized market clearing model, the sellers (i.e., the competitive generators) submit their incremental and decremental bid prices in a real-time balancing market. These can then be incorporated in the OPF problem to yield the incremental/ decremental change in the generator outputs. In the bilateral market model, every transaction contract will include a compensation price that the buyer-seller pair is willing to accept for its transaction to be curtailed. The modeling of bilateral transactions are equivalent to the modifying the power injections at seller and buyer buses. The proposed CM approach is solved by using the evolutionary based Enhanced Genetic Algorithms (EGA). IEEE 30 bus system is considered to show the effectiveness of proposed CM approach.</p>
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Deksnytė, Indrė, Zigmas Lydeka, and Violeta Pukelienė. "DYNAMIC PRICE AS BARGAINING RESULT FOR REVENUE MAXIMIZATION IN RETAIL." Ekonomika 93, no. 3 (2014): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2014.0.3883.

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The application of dynamic price and its modeling was an authentic revolution for the traditional concept of price setting in business environment. The article reviews the essence and the main principles of dynamic price as a bargaining basis. Dynamic price fluctuation range in this paper is collated with the zone of agreement and introduced as an overlap between the maximum purchase price that the buyer is willing to pay and the minimum sell price that the seller is willing to accept. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyse the dynamic price as the bargaining basis, research problems, and to assess the dynamic price efficiency based on the dynamic price setting model experiment results. The experimental results suggest that dynamic price is a successful tacit bargaining practice.
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Horn, Alison Van. "Redefining “Property”: The Constitutional Battle over Land Redistribution in Zimbabwe." Journal of African Law 38, no. 2 (1994): 144–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300005490.

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This article is about the appropriate role of the judiciary in the constitutional debate over land redistribution in Zimbabwe. The possession of land in Zimbabwe has been the most volatile political issue since the war for independence. White ownership of the most productive land fuelled the war against Rhodesia. A constitutional settlement in 1979 resulted in a cease-fire, but the Declaration of Rights prohibited the new government from acquiring land for resettlement purposes except on a “willing seller, willing buyer” basis. With the expiration of the decade-long entrenchment of the Declaration of Rights in 1990, President Robert Mugabe declared his intention to honour a promise made eleven years before: to resettle peasant farmers on previously white-owned land. Since then, Parliament has amended the Constitution of Zimbabwe three times to allow the state to acquire property for resettlement and to give Parliament the power to fix the amount of compensation without judicial review.
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Wang, Jiqiang, Fu Gu, Yingpeng Liu, Ying Fan, and Jianfeng Guo. "An Endowment Effect Study in the European Union Emission Trading Market based on Trading Price and Price Fluctuation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (2020): 3343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093343.

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This paper pioneers to investigate the endowment effect in the European Union mission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) as well as the impacts of trading experience and compliance pressure on the endowment effect. This study is based on the complete transaction records of the market. In the data set, the records of two consecutive reverse transactions from a same emitting company are selected. The lowest price that the buyer is willing to pay (WTP) and the maximum price the seller is willing to accept (WTA) are evaluated by excluding their risk cost that is used to avoid short-term fluctuations in the price. By distinguishing the difference between WTA and WTP, and long-term fluctuations in the prices during the two transactions, the trader’s endowment effect can be quantitively assessed. The results show that the degree of endowment effect of traders follows the trading experience. In addition, since the EU ETS is a cap-and-trade market, the traders face different levels of compliance pressure; when the pressure of the emission companies increases, the degree of endowment effect will also decrease.
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Du Plessis, Elmien WJ. "Silence is Golden: The Lack of Direction on Compensation for Expropriation in the 2011 Green Paper on Land Reform." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 2 (2017): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i2a2186.

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The government set the target for redistribution of land to 30% by 2014. They have adopted the "willing-buyer-willing-seller" model that relies on a voluntary transaction between farmers and government to acquire such land. Frustrated at the slow pace of land reform, the ruling party is starting to indicate that the state will in future rely on its expropriation powers to acquire such land. Section 25 of the Constitution makes it clear that when the state expropriates property, compensation must be paid. The current act, the 1975 Expropriation Act, determines that such compensation must be market value, while the Constitution lists market value as only one of at least five factors that must be taken into account when determining compensation. There have been various attempts at drafting legislation that will bring compensation practices in line with the Constitution, with the latest Bill published in March 2013. This article focusses on the Green Paper that preceded the Bill, and argues that not much direction is given on how compensation for expropriation should be calculated.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Willing buyer-willing seller"

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Dlamini, Siphiwe. "Taking land reform seriously: From willing seller-willing buyer to expropriation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4691.

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Henning, Ineke. "Implications of land reform on spatial planning and development in the Tzaneen Local Municipality / I. Henning." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4400.

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A thorough investigation of legislation involved in the land reform programme was conducted. This includes the Constitution of South Africa, as well as the legal frameworks that manage the land reform process. Many of the unintended results are because of misunderstandings. This study sought to clarify those misunderstandings and confusing language. The South African land reform process was excellently planned. The process is managed in three phases, namely land restitution, land redistribution and land tenure. There are some successes and failures due to the way those programmes were implemented. In order to implement and manage the land reform programmes and spatial planning on national, provincial and district level, the following plans were introduced: National Level: Pro-active Land Acquisition Strategy (PLAS) & Area-based Planning Provincial Level: Limpopo Growth and Development Strategy (LGDS) District Level: Mopani Integrated Development Plan Local Level: Greater Tzaneen Municipality Integrated Development Plan & Spatial Development Framework The study area, the Tzaneen Local Municipality, was chosen because it is home to some of the first land reform projects in South Africa, it is the district with some of the highest intensity of land claims and it offers a complete menu of land reform programmes in an advanced state on a small area. The impact that land reform has had on the spatial development in the Tzaneen Local Municipality has been studied in more detail. As the study progressed, it was realised that the impact not only stops at spatial development. The influence was much bigger than that. The local economy was affected, as were job opportunities, tourism, food security, the retail industry and even the mining industry. Such an impact is also not restricted to the Tzaneen Local Municipality. In order to control the land reform process, the government should involve the private sector in the land reform process. The moment this happens, the skills and experience locked in the private sector are transferred to the government for the benefit of all people involved in and influenced by the land reform process. An Integrated Land Reform Action Forum (ILRAF) must be established that manages the land reform process on national, provincial and local level. This ILRAF has to fulfil much the same purpose as the former Joint Monitoring Committees (JMCs) accomplished. The ILRAF must consist of all role-players within the land reform process. These include, national, provincial and local government officials, commercial farmers, key role-players from the private sector, farm worker representatives, Agri-SA, professionals such as town and regional planners and transfer attorneys, farmers? associations, commercial banks and the media to ensure transparency. In order to correct past mistakes and to ensure that the next five years of the land reform process goes off without a hitch, it is important to involve all role-players and ensure transparency throughout all decision-making processes. Key Terms: Land Reform; Agri-village; Area Based Planning; Land Restitution; Land Redistribution; Land Tenure Reform; Greater Tzaneen Municipality; Willing buyer-willing seller; Spatial Development Framework; Integrated Development Plan.
Thesis (M.Art. et Scien. (Town and Regional Planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Britain-Renecke, Cézanne. "Potential alternative sources of funding South Africa's land redistribution programme in its agricultural sector." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3048.

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Madletyana, Philani. "Race, gender, class and land reform: a case study approach on the land reform for agricultural development (LRAD) sub-programme." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11018.

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M.A. Faculty of Humanties, University of the Witwatersrand
The racial discrimination under colonialism and apartheid culminated to the dispossession of black people from their land, and to unequal land distribution between black and white people. Territorial segregation during this period was not only about the displacement of black people from their land and their deprivation to equal access to land compared to their white counterparts, it was also about economic deprivation, eradication of subsistence agriculture and the transformation of blacks into wage labourers (Hall, 2004; Walker, 2008).The post-apartheid land reform process was initiated to redress the injustices and inequalities of the past. It took a market-driven approach to blend the objectives of land reform with those of national reconciliation and maintenance of food security (DLA, 1997). The land reform process took a form of restoring land to its original owners who were forcefully removed from it after June 1913 or compensation if land could not be restored. It was also aimed at securing tenure rights for farm workers, labour tenants, farm dwellers and people residing in communal areas. The aims of the third part of the land reform programme was to redistribute 30% of commercial farms in white hands to black people with the view of redressing racial disparities in landholding. As early as in the initial stages of the development of South Africa’s land policy in the early 1990s, scholars and civil society groups warned about the ineffectiveness of the market to deliver on land reform objectives. This paper adopts a case study approach to study the South African land reform process in relation to the notion of empowerment. It focuses on the Land Reform for Agricultural Development (LRAD) sub-programme by looking at the intersection between race, gender and class. Bambanani Fruits (Pty) Ltd, an LRAD project based in the Gauteng province is used as a case study. This is an LRAD Equity Scheme project, meaning that its beneficiaries (who are former workers on the farm) acquired an LRAD grant to purchase equity shares to be co-owners of the project. Bambanani Fruits is a successful project considering its productivity and access to the market. This paper investigates how much LRAD beneficiaries are part of this success i.e. whether they have agency, whether they feel a sense of ownership and control of the project, and the extent at which they take part in decision making in the project. This task is carried out through the application of Kabeer’s (1999) instrumentalist model of measuring empowerment. Kabeer states that empowerment is measured by looking at three aspects, namely; resources, agency and achievement. Kabeer’s model is applied to the data which was collected through various means including in depth interviews with Bambanani LRAD beneficiaries and land officials from the province, document analysis and review of existing scholarly work on land reform. It is well documented that South Africa’s land reform process has been very slow in delivering to its objectives, and departmental reports used in this paper also confirm this assertion. The research results reveal that even though more land was transferred under LRAD, the sub-programme also encountered some of the challenges and hindrances faced by its predecessor Settlement/Land Acquisition Grant (SLAG). It faced budgetary constraints, complexities of the land market such as price restrictions and resistance by land owners to cede land, and so on. Generally, it was found that LRAD tended to entrench race, gender and class disparities in landholding. At Bambanani, I discovered that LRAD has affected beneficiaries differently. The sub-programme has stratified these beneficiaries into competing class factions. Divergent interests have emerged to distort the actual meaning of empowerment. I have labelled this tension a ‘dichotomous factionalism’. The struggle and conflict is caught up between beneficiaries themselves, and their disunity has left the hegemony of the farm’s management unchallenged. I argue that, their empowerment is firstly condemned from within and this internal condemnation limits their negotiating power with the management. Secondly, their empowerment is curtailed by the farm’s management in such as way that it sometimes uses its majority shares to justify unilateral decision making. According to Kabeer, empowerment ought to encompass egalitarian decision making. Respondents have reported this is not always being the case at Bambanani. One group of participants complained about how things have remained the same on the farm despite the acquisition of LRAD shares to co-own the farm. Another group which is mostly comprised by trust members argued that things have changed for the better compared to the period prior to the attainment of these equity shares. In doing so, this group blames the discontent group for the lack of commitment to the project and for being after money over the interest of the project. The discontent group has also complained that the trust is not representing their interests to the management, and whenever they lay complaints there are often threats of expulsion. Apart from the above mentioned conflict of interests amongst Bambanani beneficiaries, positive elements were also discovered where beneficiaries agreed on some areas of dissatisfaction. I have labelled this a Collective Discontent Spectacle. The plight of beneficiaries is caused by the lack of adequate exposure to the business side of the farm’s operation and the lack of delivery on houses which were promised to them by the management as part of the shareholding package. Having considered the Bambanani case and other literature on LRAD, I concluded that LRAD has failed to fulfil empowerment requirements as per Kabeer’s model.
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Britain-Renecke, Cézanne. "Potential alternative sources of funding South Africa’s land redistribution programme in its agricultural sector." Thesis, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5348_1366188206.

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Book chapters on the topic "Willing buyer-willing seller"

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Baskind, Eric, Greg Osborne, and Lee Roach. "14. Delivery and payment." In Commercial Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198825975.003.0014.

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This chapter considers the duty of the seller to deliver the goods and the duty of the buyer to accept the goods and to pay the price. Payment and delivery are concurrent conditions in a contract of sale. This means that the seller must be ready and willing to deliver the goods, and the buyer must be ready and willing to pay for them in accordance with the terms of the contract. The parties to the contract can make whatever agreement they want in respect of delivery and payment and, in practice, will often do so in relation to the time, place, and manner of the delivery and the payment. Where the parties have not agreed on these matters, the Sale of Goods Act 1979 (SGA 1979) lays down certain rules, which are discussed in detail in the chapter. Similar rules apply to consumer sales under the Consumer Rights Act 2015.
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Clarke, MA, RJA Hooley, RJC Munday, LS Sealy, AM Tettenborn, and PG Turner. "12. Performance of the contract." In Commercial Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780199692088.003.0012.

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This chapter considers the duties of the seller under the Sale of Goods Act 1979 to give a good title to the goods he sells. The seller has a duty to deliver the goods in accordance with the terms of the contract of sale. Unless otherwise agreed, the seller must be ready and willing to give possession of the goods to the buyer in exchange for a certain amount. The chapter first explains the meaning of the term ‘delivery’ before discussing the duties of the seller to deliver the goods and to give a good title. It also examines the provisions of the Sale of Goods Act relevant to the sale of a limited title and the implied warranties as to freedom from encumbrances and quiet possession. Finally, it describes the statutory duties of the buyer to take delivery, to accept the goods, and to pay the price.
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Smith, Alan D. "Consumers' Concerns for Reputation and Identity Theft Online Trading." In Advances in IT Standards and Standardization Research. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7214-5.ch010.

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Although online trading with Amazon, eBay, and many others has its benefits, such as convenience and the ability to compare prices online, there are still many concerns about the integrity of the buyer, the seller, and/or the online action service provider (OASP). The empirical section investigated these relationships via multivariate statistical analysis of a stratified sample of working professionals resulting in 198 usable questionnaires from an initial sampling frame of over 550 professional personnel from five relatively large Pittsburgh, PA firms. It was found that buyers that felt feedback systems were viable were more willing to engage in online trading activities and more willing to pay a premium price for merchandise being sold by a seller with a better reputation, regardless of gender. Customers were especially concerned with the total price, including shipping cost, regardless of gender. In terms of the convenience of payment method, electronic forms were preferred in transacting online trading activities, regardless of age and gender.
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Smith, Alan D. "Linking the Popularity of Online Trading with Consumers’ Concerns for Reputation and Identity Theft." In Web-Based Multimedia Advancements in Data Communications and Networking Technologies. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2026-1.ch001.

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Although online trading has its benefits, such as convenience and the ability to compare prices online, there are still many concerns about the integrity of the buyer, the seller and/or the online action service provider (OASP). This paper investigates these relationships via multivariate statistical analysis of a stratified sample of working professionals, resulting in 198 useable questionnaires from an initial sampling frame of over 550 professional personnel from five relatively large Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, firms. The author found that buyers that felt feedback systems were viable were more willing to engage in online trading activities and pay a premium price for merchandise being sold by a seller with a better reputation, regardless of gender. Customers were especially concerned with the total price, including shipping cost, regardless of gender. In terms of the convenience of payment method, electronic forms were preferred in transacting online trading activities, regardless of age and gender.
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"If these requirements are met, the seller is bound to take such steps as are reasonable to preserve the goods. The measures that ought to be taken will depend on the circumstances of the individual case. Usually, the seller will have to store the goods and protect them against damage. Under certain circumstances, it will be obliged to resell them (Art. 88(2) CISG). Art. 85, sentence 1 CISG adopts a lower standard than that of Art. 79 CISG, in that the seller may refrain from taking steps, even if they are within its control, if such steps would cause unreasonable costs or are otherwise disproportionate. The duty to preserve the goods ends at the time at which the buyer takes delivery or declares the contract avoided, or where the seller undertakes a resale (Art. 88). The seller is entitled to withhold the goods until the buyer reimburses it for the costs of storage and preservation (Art. 85, sentence 2). Questions Q 85-1 a) What is the function of Arts 85 to 88 CISG? b) Which party do they address? c) Which general rule is reflected in Art. 85 CISG? Q 85-2 What are the consequences if the party who is bound to preserve the goods does not comply with its duty? Q 85-3 Who bears the preservation costs under Art. 85 CISG if the buyer’s refusal to take delivery is justified? Q 85-4 Does Art. 85 CISG apply in the following situations where the seller pre-serves the goods after a) having tendered conforming goods of which the buyer does not take delivery, b) having tendered goods that are evidently non-conforming (= funda-mental breach) of which the buyer does not take delivery, c) having tendered too late (but non-delivery does not amount to fundamental breach) and the buyer does not take delivery, d) having tendered properly and the buyer is willing to take delivery of the goods but unjustifiably refuses to pay the purchase price, e) having tendered and the buyer is willing to take delivery of the goods and to pay the purchase price, but declares that it does not feel bound to the sales distribution agreement concluded between the parties. Without sticking to the distribution agreement, the seller will be deprived of what it was entitled to expect under the contract and will no longer be interested in upholding the contract, f) having tendered and the buyer takes delivery of only part of the goods, because there is allegedly no larger storage room available. Q 85-5 In view of Q 85-4, in which situations alone will the seller not be bound to." In International Sales Law. Routledge-Cavendish, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203945445-232.

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Conference papers on the topic "Willing buyer-willing seller"

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Kotut, Lindah, Timothy L. Stelter, Michael Horning, and D. Scott McCrickard. "Willing Buyer, Willing Seller." In GROUP '20: The 2020 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3323994.3369899.

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Tuson, P. "Willing-seller/willing-buyer model in South Africa." In 20th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2009). IET, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2009.0783.

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Reports on the topic "Willing buyer-willing seller"

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Ashley, Caitlyn, Elizabeth Spencer Berthiaume, Philip Berzin, et al. Law and Policy Resource Guide: A Survey of Eminent Domain Law in Texas and the Nation. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.eminentdomainguide.

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Eminent Domain is the power of the government or quasi-government entities to take private or public property interests through condemnation. Eminent Domain has been a significant issue since 1879 when, in the case of Boom Company v. Patterson, the Supreme Court first acknowledged that the power of eminent domain may be delegated by state legislatures to agencies and non-governmental entities. Thus, the era of legal takings began. Though an important legal dispute then, more recently eminent domain has blossomed into an enduring contentious social and political problem throughout the United States. The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution states, “nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.” Thus, in the wake of the now infamous decision in Kelo v. City of New London, where the Court upheld the taking of private property for purely economic benefit as a “public use,” the requirement of “just compensation” stands as the primary defender of constitutionally protected liberty under the federal constitution. In response to Kelo, many state legislatures passed a variety of eminent domain reforms specifically tailoring what qualifies as a public use and how just compensation should be calculated. Texas landowners recognize that the state’s population is growing at a rapid pace. There is an increasing need for more land and resources such as energy and transportation. But, private property rights are equally important, especially in Texas, and must be protected as well. Eminent domain and the condemnation process is not a willing buyer and willing seller transition; it is a legally forced sale. Therefore, it is necessary to consider further improvements to the laws that govern the use of eminent domain so Texas landowners can have more assurance that this process is fair and respectful of their private property rights when they are forced to relinquish their land. This report compiles statutes and information from the other forty-nine states to illustrate how they address key eminent domain issues. Further, this report endeavors to provide a neutral third voice in Texas to strike a more appropriate balance between individual’s property rights and the need for increased economic development. This report breaks down eminent domain into seven major topics that, in addition to Texas, seemed to be similar in many of the other states. These categories are: (1) Awarding of Attorneys’ Fee; (2) Compensation and Valuation; (3) Procedure Prior to Suit; (4) Condemnation Procedure; (5) What Cannot be Condemned; (6) Public Use & Authority to Condemn; and (7) Abandonment. In analyzing these seven categories, this report does not seek to advance a particular interest but only to provide information on how Texas law differs from other states. This report lays out trends seen across other states that are either similar or dissimilar to Texas, and additionally, discusses interesting and unique laws employed by other states that may be of interest to Texas policy makers. Our research found three dominant categories which tend to be major issues across the country: (1) the awarding of attorneys’ fees; (2) the valuation and measurement of just compensation; and (3) procedure prior to suit.
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