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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wind interpolation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Wind interpolation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Wind interpolation"

1

Jing, Zhao, Lixin Wu, and Xiaohui Ma. "Improve the Simulations of Near-Inertial Internal Waves in the Ocean General Circulation Models." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 32, no. 10 (October 2015): 1960–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-15-0046.1.

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AbstractThe near-inertial wind work and near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) in the ocean have been extensively studied using ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) forced by 6-hourly winds or wind stress obtained from atmospheric reanalysis data. However, the OGCMs interpolate the reanalysis winds or wind stress linearly onto each time step, which partially filters out the wind stress variance in the near-inertial band. In this study, the influence of the linear interpolation on the near-inertial wind work and NIWs is quantified using an eddy-resolving (°) primitive equation ocean model. In addition, a new interpolation method is proposed—the sinc-function interpolation—that overcomes the shortages of the linear interpolation.It is found that the linear interpolation of 6-hourly winds significantly underestimates the near-inertial wind work and NIWs at the midlatitudes. The underestimation of the near-inertial wind work and near-inertial kinetic energy is proportional to the loss of near-inertial wind stress variance due to the linear interpolation. This further weakens the diapycnal mixing in the ocean due to the reduced near-inertial shear variance. Compared to the linear interpolation, the sinc-function interpolation retains all the wind stress variance in the near-inertial band and yields correct magnitudes for the near-inertial wind work and NIWs at the midlatitudes.

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Karim, Samsul Ariffin Bin Abdul, and S. Suresh Kumar Raju. "Wind Velocity Data Interpolation Using Rational Cubic Spline." MATEC Web of Conferences 225 (2018): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822504006.

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Wind velocity data is always having positive value and the minimum value approximately close to zero. The standard cubic spline interpolation (not-a-knot and natural) as well as cubic Hermite polynomial may be produces interpolating curve with negative values on some subintervals. To cater this problem, a new rational cubic spline with three parameters is constructed. This rational spline will be used to preserve the positivity of the wind velocity data. Numerical results shows that the proposed scheme work very well and give visually pleasing interpolating curve on the given domain.

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Palomino, I., and F. Martín. "A Simple Method for Spatial Interpolation of the Wind in Complex Terrain." Journal of Applied Meteorology 34, no. 7 (July 1, 1995): 1678–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450-34.7.1678.

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Abstract The topographical elevation difference is proposed as a new variable for spatial interpolation of the sparse surface wind measurements to a finer mesh in a complex terrain area. The most used method for the initialization of diagnostic wind field models is based on the inverse-distance-squared weighted averaging interpolation technique regardless of the topographical elevation. Analysis of experimental data obtained from six meteorological towers deployed at several heights on the slopes along a valley in the South of Spain has shown a good correlation between wind speed and elevation above valley bottom. The efficiency of the inverse absolute elevation difference and the inverse distance squared as averaging weights for interpolation of the wind vector at several locations is checked; this is done for two meteorological synoptic weather types: strong synoptic winds, and thermal low over the Iberian Peninsula. For the latter weather type, the formation of nocturnal thermal inversion and the drainage flows are taken into account. Wind fields in the valley resulting from the two interpolation methods are compared. The elevation difference between meteorological station and grid point seems to be an important variable to be included in the wind field initialization process, that is, interpolation of the wind vector to a grid, when complex terrain areas are considered.

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Liu, Shun, Chongjian Qiu, Qin Xu, and Pengfei Zhang. "An Improved Time Interpolation for Three-Dimensional Doppler Wind Analysis." Journal of Applied Meteorology 43, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 1379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2150.1.

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Abstract A temporal interpolation is required for three-dimensional Doppler wind analysis when the precise measurement time is counted for each radar beam position. The time interpolation is traditionally done by a linear scheme either in the measurement space or in the analysis space. Because a volume scan often takes 5–10 min, the linear time interpolation is not accurate enough to capture the rapidly changing winds associated with a fast-moving and fast-growing storm. Performing the linear interpolation in a frame moving with the storm can reduce the error, but the analyzed wind field is traditionally assumed to be stationary in the moving frame. The stationary assumption simplifies the computation but ignores the time variation of the true wind field in the moving frame. By incorporating a linear time interpolation into the moving frame wind analysis, an improved scheme is developed. The merits of the new scheme are demonstrated by idealized examples and numerical experiments with simulated radar observations. The new scheme is also applied to real radar data for a supercell storm.

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Kahl, Jonathan D., and Perry J. Samson. "Shear Effects on Wind Interpolation Accuracy." Journal of Applied Meteorology 27, no. 11 (November 1988): 1299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1988)027<1299:seowia>2.0.co;2.

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Feliks, Yizhak, Ehud Gavze, and Reuven Givati. "Optimal Vector Interpolation of Wind Fields." Journal of Applied Meteorology 35, no. 7 (July 1996): 1153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<1153:oviowf>2.0.co;2.

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Augst, Ayla, and Martin Hagen. "Interpolation of Operational Radar Data to a Regular Cartesian Grid Exemplified by Munich’s Airport Radar Configuration." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 3 (March 2017): 495–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0159.1.

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AbstractTwo methods for avoiding errors in the interpolation of operational radar data to a regular grid are presented. The issue is the interpolation of radial velocity and the subsequent estimation of horizontal wind components. It is shown how a vertical gradient of the horizontal wind in combination with gaps of data between scans with different elevation angles affect the interpolation. Simulated radar data for the radar configuration covering the Munich airport in southern Germany are used for illustration. The origin of the abovementioned errors is explained using simplified wind fields. With wind fields generated by the German nonhydrostatic atmospheric prediction model COSMO-DE, the effectiveness of the methods is presented. Both methods contribute to a reduction in interpolation error—by 44% and 35%, respectively—compared to a standard interpolation scheme used for many operational radar configurations.

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Polito, Paulo S., W. Timothy Liu, and Wenqing Tang. "Correlation-Based Interpolation of NSCAT Wind Data." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 17, no. 8 (August 2000): 1128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2000)017<1128:cbionw>2.0.co;2.

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Yang, Mao, and Jun Cheng Dong. "Wind Data Anomaly Detection and Interpolation of Missing Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.302.

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Data accuracy and completeness of the wind farm has great significance in wind power research. Because of the wind farm in the process of gathering data and transmission appears distorted and missing, and that leads the accuracy and integrity of data is greatly reduced, so the need for a wind farm data, outlier detection and missing data imputation. This paper outlier detection by statistical method based on 3σ criterion under the normal distribution, and use of the effectiveness of the recently distance interpolation and regression interpolation for missing data, outliers and replacement and interpolation, filled after data and accuracy are improved.

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Park, Jongchul, and Dong-Ho Jang. "Development and validation of MK-PRISM-Wind for wind speed interpolation." Journal of Climate Research 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14383/cri.2015.10.4.313.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wind interpolation"

1

Martin, Russell McAnally Ken. "Interpolation of head-related transfer functions." Fishermans Bend,Victoria : Defence Science and Technology Organisation, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1947/8028.

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Höglund, Melker. "Machine Learning Methods for Spatial Interpolation of Wind." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-275743.

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In this study, two popular machine learning approaches and a number of common simple spatial interpolation techniques are applied to spatial estimation of wind field observations in Sweden. Specifically, neural network and random forest models using geographical coordinates as input variables are considered. Furthermore, the addition of elevation as a secondary input is studied. The accuracy of the methods is assessed using a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme. Visual examination of the resulting interpolation fields and interpolation errors is used as an additional point of comparison. The results show that random forests with elevation included as a secondary input produces the smallest errors of all methods tested. It is thus concluded that it is possible to achieve greater accuracy using machine learning based models than simple traditional interpolation methods.
Denna studie jämför två populära maskininlärningsmetoder samt ett antal vanliga enklare metoder för interpolation av vindfältsobservationer från Sverige. Specifikt betraktas neurala nätverk och random forests, med huvudsakligen geografiska koordinater som indata. Vidare studeras även dessa modeller med höjd över havet av observationerna som ytterligare indata. Noggrannheten av metoderna undersöks med hjälp av leave-one-out-korsvalidering. Interpolationsresultaten samt interpolationsfelen studeras även visuellt som ytterligare jämförelsepunkt. Resultaten visar att random forests med höjddata inkluderad producerar de minsta felen av alla testade metoder. Från detta dras slutsatsen att det är möjligt att uppnå bättre noggrannhet med interpolationsmetoder baserade på maskininlärning jämfört med traditionella metoder.

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Retaureau, Ghislain J. "On recessed cavity flame-holders in supersonic cross-flows." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43703.

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Flame-holding in a recessed cavity is investigated experimentally in a Mach 2.5 preheated cross-flow for both stable and unstable combustion, with a relatively low preheating. Self-sustained combustion is investigated for stagnation pressures and temperatures reaching 1.4 MPa and 750 K. In particular, cavity blowout is characterized with respect to cavity aspect ratio (L/D =2.84 - 3.84), injection strategy (floor - ramp), aft ramp angle (90 deg - 22.5 deg) and multi-fuel mixture (CH₄-H₂ or CH₄-C₂H₄ blends). The results show that small hydrogen addition to methane leads to significant increase in flame stability, whereas ethylene addition has a more gradual effect. Since the multi-fuels used here are composed of a slow and a fast chemistry fuel, the resulting blowout region has a slow (methane dominant) and a fast (hydrogen or ethylene dominant) branch. Regardless of the fuel composition, the pressure at blowout is close to the non-reacting pressure imposed by the cross-flow, suggesting that combustion becomes potentially unsustainable in the cavity at the sub-atmospheric pressures encountered in these supersonic studies. The effect of preheating is also investigated and results show that the stability domain broadens with increasing stagnation temperature. However, smaller cavities appear less sensitive to the cross-flow preheating, and stable combustion is achieved over a smaller range of fuel flow rate, which may be the result of limited residence and mixing time. The blowout data point obtained at lower fuel flow rate fairly matches the empirical model developed by Rasmussen et al. for floor injection phi = 0.0028 Da^-.8, where phi is the equivalence ratio and Da the Damkohler number. An alternate model is proposed here that takes into account the ignition to scale the blowout data. Since the mass of air entrained into the cavity cannot be accurately estimated and the cavity temperature is only approximated from the wall temperature, the proposed scaling has some uncertainty. Nevertheless the new phi-Da scaling is shown to preserve the subtleties of the blowout trends as seen in the current experimental data.

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Rendall, Thomas Christian Shuttleworth. "Radial basis functions for fluid-structure interpolation and mesh motion in aeroelastic simulation." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492475.

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During aeroelastic simulation, forces and displacements must be interpolated between the non-matching fluid and structural meshes, while the volume fluid mesh must deform as the surface moves. Fluidstructure interpolation is necessary because numerical models for fluids and structures use different solvers, and at the interface these meshes do not match. The problem of mesh motion arises from the fact that the discretised fluid volume must conform to the motion of the surface, which means motion of the surface must be diffused into the volume.

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Shenoy, Rajiv. "Overset adaptive strategies for complex rotating systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51796.

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The resolution of the complex physics of rotating configurations is critical for any engineering analysis that requires multiple frames of reference. Two well-known applications are in the rotorcraft and wind energy industries. Rotor wake impingement from rotor-fuselage and wind turbine-tower interactions impact structural and acoustic characteristics. Additionally, parasite drag resulting from rotorcraft hubs may result in severe limitations on forward flight vehicle performance. Complex turbulent wakes from rotors and hubs impinging on downstream empennage can create adverse aeroelastic behavior and can affect handling qualities. Numerical simulations of these flows require state-of-the-art Navier Stokes methods using dynamic overset grids. However, many current methods typically used in industry result in wakes that dissipate essential features. In order to address these concerns, two advancements are introduced in this thesis. Feature-based grid adaptation on dynamic overset grids has been developed and demonstrated with an unstructured Navier Stokes solver. The unique feature of the adaptation technique is that it is applied globally on the overset grid system except within the boundary layer. In concert with grid adaptation, an efficient parallelized search algorithm for solution interpolation over massively distributed systems has been created. This results in cost-effective interpolation that retains the numerical order of accuracy and has been verified in both space and time. The improvements have been demonstrated for rotor-fuselage interaction and a generic rotating hub. Detailed analysis of convergence of the methodology and sensitivity of the results to relevant parameters have also been included.

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Chin, Alexander Wong. "Integration of Aeroservoelastic Properties into the NASA Dryden F/A-18 Simulator Using Flight Data from the Active Aeroelastic Wing Program." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/489.

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Aircraft structures have varying stiffness levels making them flexible. Consequently, this elastic property becomes increasingly important at high speeds affecting the flight dynamics of the aircraft. In high speed aircraft such as the F/A-18, elastic structural properties must be accounted for to ensure confidence in predicted flight dynamics in order to avoid adverse aeroelastic phenomena throughout flight. Data from the F/A-18 Active Aeroelastic Wing (AAW) program was used to create aeroservoelastic (ASE) models at varying flight conditions. The discretized ASE models were integrated into the NASA Dryden F/A-18 simulator in parallel with the traditional 6-DOF (degrees-of-freedom) flight dynamics calculations to ensure minimal disruption to the existing operating framework of the simulator. An interpolation scheme was used to construct ASE models within the known flight condition models. Data was processed through the state-space ASE models to compute the elastic effects during flight. Total flight dynamics from the simulation were analyzed and showed expected behavior for the combined elastic and rigid-body components in flight.

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Akgul, Mehmet. "Static Aeroelastic Analysis Of A Generic Slender Missile Using A Loosely Coupled Fluid Structure Interaction Method." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614139/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, a loosely coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) analysis method is developed for the solution of steady state missile/rocket aeroelastic problems. FLUENT is used as the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool to solve Euler equations whereas ANSYS is used as the Computational Structural Dynamics (CSD) tool to solve linear structural problem. The use of two different solvers requires exchanging data between fluid and structure domains at each iteration step. Kriging interpolation method is employed for the data transfer between non-coincident fluid and structure grids. For mesh deformation FLUENT&rsquo
s built-in spring based smoothing approach is utilized. The study is mainly divided into two parts. In the first part static aeroelastic analysis for AGARD 445.6 wing is conducted and the results are compared with the reference studies. Deformation and pressure coefficient results are compared with reference both of which are in good agreement. In the second part, to investigate possible effects of aeroelasticity on rocket and missile configurations, static aeroelastic analysis for a canard controlled generic slender missile which is similar to a conventional 2.75&rdquo
rocket geometry is conducted and results of the analysis for elastic missile are compared with the rigid case. It is seen that the lift force produced by canards and tails lessen due to deformations, stability characteristics of the missile decreases significantly and center of pressure location changes due to the deformations in the control surfaces.

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Jiang, Yu-Zong, and 蔣育宗. "Wind Field Estimation and Interpolation." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67541169968228107519.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
資訊工程學系
96
Doppler radars are useful facilities for gathering meteorological data. By analyzing radar data, meteorologists can understand the information about the state of weather, and predict the weather in the future. Therefore, a visualization system dedicated to the post-processing of Doppler radar data is important for weather forecasting and analysis. In this thesis, we propose a visualization system to visualize the wind field gathered by Doppler radars. We use terrain information to filter out noises. Then, a hierarchical optical flow method is adopted to compute the horizontal wind field. To synchronize the meteorological data scanned by different radar stations with different scanning speeds, we interpolate the wind field by using special Navier Stokes equations. Therefore, we can calculate the vector field data at any time point for each radar. Once the vector field at all time points are available, streamline and glyph images are used to reveal the wind fields.

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Yeh, Fu-Hao, and 葉富豪. "The Infulence of Different Interpolation Method to Objective Analysis on 3-Dimensional Wind Field in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49815024351286201470.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
環境工程學研究所
100
The focus of this research is to rely on trajectory photochemical air quality model (TPAQM) as the base modeling analysis to obtain an unbiased prediction on wind distribution from gradual correction according to Barnes modeling. Different genealogical conditions were experimented and modeled. Three directions of analyses were performed: 1.) investigate different initial conditions. 2.) different scan numbers. 3.) error analyses to obtain unbiased investigation and prediction. The results were compared and fitted to adjust relevant parameters to model potential air flow distribution analyses. Different model scan radiuses were analyzed for unbiased prediction. The results indicated that under different initial genealogical conditions, wind field figures and characteristics were not much different. Secondly, different numbers of scan analysis indicated that too many repetition at suburb area would result in scattered wind distribution. Thirdly, discarding erroneous prediction, better model prediction fit was obtained. In wind filed distribution analysis, larger scanning radius would impact more largely on NCEP data.

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"Coherent Doppler Lidar for Boundary Layer Studies and Wind Energy." Doctoral diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.16449.

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abstract: This thesis outlines the development of a vector retrieval technique, based on data assimilation, for a coherent Doppler LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). A detailed analysis of the Optimal Interpolation (OI) technique for vector retrieval is presented. Through several modifications to the OI technique, it is shown that the modified technique results in significant improvement in velocity retrieval accuracy. These modifications include changes to innovation covariance portioning, covariance binning, and analysis increment calculation. It is observed that the modified technique is able to make retrievals with better accuracy, preserves local information better, and compares well with tower measurements. In order to study the error of representativeness and vector retrieval error, a lidar simulator was constructed. Using the lidar simulator a thorough sensitivity analysis of the lidar measurement process and vector retrieval is carried out. The error of representativeness as a function of scales of motion and sensitivity of vector retrieval to look angle is quantified. Using the modified OI technique, study of nocturnal flow in Owens' Valley, CA was carried out to identify and understand uncharacteristic events on the night of March 27th 2006. Observations from 1030 UTC to 1230 UTC (0230 hr local time to 0430 hr local time) on March 27 2006 are presented. Lidar observations show complex and uncharacteristic flows such as sudden bursts of westerly cross-valley wind mixing with the dominant up-valley wind. Model results from Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS®) and other in-situ instrumentations are used to corroborate and complement these observations. The modified OI technique is used to identify uncharacteristic and extreme flow events at a wind development site. Estimates of turbulence and shear from this technique are compared to tower measurements. A formulation for equivalent wind speed in the presence of variations in wind speed and direction, combined with shear is developed and used to determine wind energy content in presence of turbulence.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering 2013

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Books on the topic "Wind interpolation"

1

Timothy, Liu W., and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Objective interpolation of scatterometer winds. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1996.

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2

Boudreau, Joseph F., and Eric S. Swanson. Interpolation and extrapolation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198708636.003.0004.

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This chapter deals with two related problems occurring frequently in the physical sciences: first, the problem of estimating the value of a function from a limited number of data points; and second, the problem of calculating its value from a series approximation. Numerical methods for interpolating and extrapolating data are presented. The famous Lagrange interpolating polynomial is introduced and applied to one-dimensional and multidimensional problems. Cubic spline interpolation is introduced and an implementation in terms of Eigen classes is given. Several techniques for improving the convergence of Taylor series are discussed, including Shank’s transformation, Richardson extrapolation, and the use of Padé approximants. Conversion between representations with the quotient-difference algorithm is discussed. The exercises explore public transportation, human vision, the wine market, and SU(2) lattice gauge theory, among other topics.

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Quiet mode for nonlinear rotor models. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wind interpolation"

1

Li, Jinghua, Bo Chen, Jiasheng Zhou, and Yuhong Mo. "The optimal planning of wind power capacity and energy storage capacity based on the bilinear interpolation theory." In Smart Power Distribution Systems, 411–45. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812154-2.00018-3.

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Maes, K., G. De Roeck, G. Lombaert, A. Iliopoulos, D. Van Hemelrijck, C. Devriendt, and P. Guillaume. "Continuous strain prediction for fatigue assessment of an offshore wind turbine using a joint input-state estimation algorithm and a modal interpolation algorithm." In Life-Cycle of Civil Engineering Systems, 146–52. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17618-17.

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Elsner, James B., and Thomas H. Jagger. "Data Sets." In Hurricane Climatology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199827633.003.0009.

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Hurricane data originate from careful analysis of past storms by operational meteorologists. The data include estimates of the hurricane position and intensity at 6-hourly intervals. Information related to landfall time, local wind speeds, damages, and deaths, as well as cyclone size, are included. The data are archived by season. Some effort is needed to make the data useful for hurricane climate studies. In this chapter, we describe the data sets used throughout this book. We show you a work flow that includes importing, interpolating, smoothing, and adding attributes. We also show you how to create subsets of the data. Code in this chapter is more complicated and it can take longer to run. You can skip this material on first reading and continue with model building in Chapter 7. You can return here when you have an updated version of the data that includes the most recent years. Most statistical models in this book use the best-track data. Here we describe these data and provide original source material. We also explain how to smooth and interpolate them. Interpolations are needed for regional hurricane analyses. The best-track data set contains the 6-hourly center locations and intensities of all known tropical cyclones across the North Atlantic basin, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. The data set is called HURDAT for HURricane DATa. It is maintained by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) at the National Hurricane Center (NHC). Center locations are given in geographic coordinates (in tenths of degrees) and the intensities, representing the one-minute near-surface (∼10 m) wind speeds, are given in knots (1 kt = .5144 m s−1) and the minimum central pressures are given in millibars (1 mb = 1 hPa). The data are provided in 6-hourly intervals starting at 00 UTC (Universal Time Coordinate). The version of HURDAT file used here contains cyclones over the period 1851 through 2010 inclusive. Information on the history and origin of these data is found in Jarvinen et al (1984). The file has a logical structure that makes it easy to read with a FORTRAN program. Each cyclone contains a header record, a series of data records, and a trailer record.

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Thomas, Michael E. "Electrodynamics II: Microscopic Interaction of Light and Matter." In Optical Propagation in Linear Media. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195091618.003.0009.

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Although the primarily phenomenological theory of absorption and refraction of light by matter, based on classical models as presented in Chapter 4, is very useful, it is incomplete and often inadequate. A more complete and accurate picture of electrodynamics is given by the theory of quantum optics, and that is the topic of this chapter. The models developed in this chapter are more detailed and therefore more complicated than the phenomenological models of Chapter 4. The most robust models, which are applied in Part II, are presented in this chapter. The quantum models accurately represent experimental data and allow extrapolation and interpolation of such data. Many practical computer based models concerning optical propagation are based on this theory. The theory of elastic scatter as presented in Chapter 4 is consistent with quantum optics and is not presented again. (However, inelastic scatter must address the quantum nature of the scattering medium.) Quantum optics is not completely covered in this chapter. Entire textbooks are devoted to this diverse and comprehensive topic covering optics (see Refs. 5.1–5.3). The emphasis of this book is on absorption and reflection spectroscopy. Now details of internal structure of the medium impacting light–matter interaction are examined. The classical oscillator model is upgraded by semiclassical radiation theory and a quantum oscillator model is developed. Semiclassical radiation theory is based on a quantized medium coupled to a classical field. It is often applied to laser theory, where near-line-center stimulated emission dominates. The quantum oscillator model again utilizes the quantized medium and classical field, but with more attention to detailed balance between absorption and emission. It satisfies causality and the fundamental symmetry relationships established in Chapter 2. These quantum optics models are more complete formalisms and provide solutions to the shortcomings of classical electrodynamics. Of particular interest to propagation in gaseous media is the line shape in the far wing. To achieve long path lengths, propagation near line center of a resonance must be avoided. Line shape models in quantum optics accurately represent much of the frequency and temperature dependence observed in experimental data.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wind interpolation"

1

Gibescu, M., B. C. Ummels, and W. L. Kling. "Statistical Wind Speed Interpolation for Simulating Aggregated Wind Energy Production under System Studies." In 2006 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pmaps.2006.360413.

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Selvi, S. Thamarai, S. Rama, and E. Mahendran. "Neural Network Based Interpolation of Wind Tunnel Test Data." In International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications (ICCIMA 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccima.2007.176.

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Jensen, Søren F. Ø., Lars Vabbersgaard Andersen, Ronnie R. Pedersen, and Martin Bjerre Nielsen. "Multi-Level Design of Tubular Joints." In ASME 2018 1st International Offshore Wind Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iowtc2018-1015.

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In offshore jacket design, it has long been recognized that an accurate global structural model requires implementation of the effects of local joint flexibility (LJF). However, there is still no general method for implementing these effects accurately and efficiently without complicating the application of loads. The literature describes several techniques for determining LJFs using parametric formulas and implementing these in global models of a jacket structure. These techniques are simple but associated with uncertainties and a risk of compromising the accuracy of the global model. Alternative methods, such as the use of superelements, provide very accurate results but complicate the consistent application of external loads as well as postprocessing. This paper introduces a new methodology which is called the Correction Matrix Methodology. This allows the effects of LJF from detailed three-dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) shell or solid models to be incorporated in a global beam FE model via a simple correction matrix. The effectiveness of the methodology is improved by using interpolation between a limited number of correction matrices. The new methodology provides exact results when correction matrices associated with the actual geometry are applied. When using the interpolation procedure, the methodology provides accurate results and computational efficiency when the database has been established. The Correction Matrix Methodology is a significant improvement of the conventional methods for modelling LJF and is currently being implemented in a general form for arbitrary joints in Rambolls Offshore Structural Analysis Program (ROSAP).

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Zavala-Hidalgo, J., M. A. Bourassa, S. L. Morey, J. J. O'Brien, and P. Yu. "A new temporal interpolation method for high-frequency vector wind fields." In Oceans 2003. Celebrating the Past ... Teaming Toward the Future (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37492). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2003.178485.

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Delahaye, Daniel, Christophe Rabut, and Stephane Puechmorel. "Wind field evaluation by using radar data and vector spline interpolation." In 2011 9th IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icca.2011.6138091.

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Zlatev, Z., S. E. Middleton, and G. Veres. "Benchmarking knowledge-assisted kriging for automated spatial interpolation of wind measurements." In 2010 13th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icif.2010.5711918.

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Xi Chen, Bin Wang, Min Yu, Ji Jin, and Wanwan Xu. "The interpolation of missing wind speed data based on optimized LSSVM model." In 2016 IEEE 8th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC 2016 - ECCE Asia). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2016.7512504.

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Peng Xuange, Li Yaolin, and Li Peipei. "Fuzzy controller of variable pitch wind driven generator based on interpolation algorithm." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies (ICSET). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icset.2008.4746999.

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Contreras-Ochando, Lidia, and Cesar Ferri. "airVLC: An Application for Visualizing Wind-Sensitive Interpolation of Urban Air Pollution Forecasts." In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2016.0188.

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Beibei Liu, Xiling Luo, and Han Wei. "Research on the method of wind speed interpolation based on spatially anisotropic analysis." In 2013 International Conference on Mechatronic Sciences, Electric Engineering and Computer (MEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mec.2013.6885532.

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Reports on the topic "Wind interpolation"

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Zisman, Sagi, Caleb Phillips, Heidi Tinnesand, and Dmitry Duplyakin. Bias Characterization, Vertical Interpolation, and Horizontal Interpolation for Distributed Wind Siting Using Mesoscale Wind Resource Estimates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1760659.

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Downing, W. Logan, Howell Li, William T. Morgan, Cassandra McKee, and Darcy M. Bullock. Using Probe Data Analytics for Assessing Freeway Speed Reductions during Rain Events. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317350.

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Rain impacts roadways such as wet pavement, standing water, decreased visibility, and wind gusts and can lead to hazardous driving conditions. This study investigates the use of high fidelity Doppler data at 1 km spatial and 2-minute temporal resolution in combination with commercial probe speed data on freeways. Segment-based space-mean speeds were used and drops in speeds during rainfall events of 5.5 mm/hour or greater over a one-month period on a section of four to six-lane interstate were assessed. Speed reductions were evaluated as a time series over a 1-hour window with the rain data. Three interpolation methods for estimating rainfall rates were tested and seven metrics were developed for the analysis. The study found sharp drops in speed of more than 40 mph occurred at estimated rainfall rates of 30 mm/hour or greater, but the drops did not become more severe beyond this threshold. The average time of first detected rainfall to impacting speeds was 17 minutes. The bilinear method detected the greatest number of events during the 1-month period, with the most conservative rate of predicted rainfall. The range of rainfall intensities were estimated between 7.5 to 106 mm/hour for the 39 events. This range was much greater than the heavy rainfall categorization at 16 mm/hour in previous studies reported in the literature. The bilinear interpolation method for Doppler data is recommended because it detected the greatest number of events and had the longest rain duration and lowest estimated maximum rainfall out of three methods tested, suggesting the method balanced awareness of the weather conditions around the roadway with isolated, localized rain intensities.

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Venäläinen, Ari, Sanna Luhtala, Mikko Laapas, Otto Hyvärinen, Hilppa Gregow, Mikko Strahlendorff, Mikko Peltoniemi, et al. Sää- ja ilmastotiedot sekä uudet palvelut auttavat metsäbiotaloutta sopeutumaan ilmastonmuutokseen. Finnish Meteorological Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361317.

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Climate change will increase weather induced risks to forests, and thus effective adaptation measures are needed. In Säätyö project funded by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, we have summarized the data that facilitate adaptation measures, developed weather and climate services that benefit forestry, and mapped what kind of new weather and climate services are needed in forestry. In addition, we have recorded key further development needs to promote adaptation. The Säätyö project developed a service product describing the harvesting conditions of trees based on the soil moisture assessment. The output includes an analysis of the current situation and a 10-day forecast. In the project we also tested the usefulness of long forecasts beyond three months. The weather forecasting service is sidelined and supplemented by another co-operation project between the Finnish Meteorological Institute and Metsäteho called HarvesterSeasons (https://harvesterseasons.com/). The HarvesterSeasons service utilizes long-term forecasts of up to 6 months to assess terrain bearing conditions. A test version of a wind damage risk tool was developed in cooperation with the Department of Forest Sciences of the University of Eastern Finland and the Finnish Meteorological Institute. It can be used to calculate the wind speeds required in a forest area for wind damage (falling trees). It is currently only suitable for researcher use. In the Säätyö project the possibility of locating the most severe wind damage areas immediately after a storm was also tested. The method is based on the spatial interpolation of wind observations. The method was used to analyze storms that caused forest damages in the summer and fall of 2020. The produced maps were considered illustrative and useful to those responsible for compiling the situational picture. The accumulation of snow on tree branches, can be modeled using weather data such as rainfall, temperature, air humidity, and wind speed. In the Säätyö project, the snow damage risk assessment model was further developed in such a way that, in addition to the accumulated snow load amount, the characteristics of the stand and the variations in terrain height were also taken into account. According to the verification performed, the importance of abiotic factors increased under extreme snow load conditions (winter 2017-2018). In ordinary winters, the importance of biotic factors was emphasized. According to the comparison, the actual snow damage could be explained well with the tested model. In the interviews and workshop, the uses of information products, their benefits, the conditions for their introduction and development opportunities were mapped. According to the results, diverse uses and benefits of information products and services were seen. Information products would make it possible to develop proactive forest management, which would reduce the economic costs caused by wind and snow damages. A more up-to-date understanding of harvesting conditions, enabled by information products, would enhance the implementation of harvesting and harvesting operations and the management of timber stocks, as well as reduce terrain, trunk and root damage. According to the study, the introduction of information is particularly affected by the availability of timeliness. Although the interviewees were not currently willing to pay for the information products developed in the project, the interviews highlighted several suggestions for the development of information products, which could make it possible to commercialize them.

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