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Journal articles on the topic 'Wind profilers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Hartten, Leslie M., Paul E. Johnston, Valerie M. Rodríguez Castro, and Paola S. Esteban Pérez. "Postdeployment Calibration of a Tropical UHF Profiling Radar via Surface- and Satellite-Based Methods." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36, no. 9 (2019): 1729–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0020.1.

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Wind profiling radars are usually not calibrated with respect to reflectivity because such calibrations are both unnecessary for good wind measurements and costly. However, reflectivity from calibrated profilers can reveal many atmospheric attributes beyond winds. Establishing ways to calibrate these radars even after they have been taken out of service would expand the utility of archived profiler data. We have calibrated one operating mode of a 915-MHz profiler deployed at Manus, Papua New Guinea (1992–2001), using two methods. The first method adjusts a radar parameter until the profiler’s

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Monna, W. A. A. "On the use of wind profilers in meteorology." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 6 (1994): 482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0482-9.

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Abstract. As an introduction to this special issue of Annales Geophysicae a review is given of the applicability and performance of wind profilers. In meteorology, wind profilers play an increasingly important role. They can provide upper-wind measurements with an accuracy comparable to radiosonde data, but with a significantly higher temporal resolution. Height coverage and vertical resolution depend on the operating frequency, which, depending on the application, is usually chosen to be around 50, 400 or 1000 MHz. Measurements from stand-alone profilers in sparse data areas as well as data f

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Barth, M. F., R. B. Chadwick, and D. W. van de Kamp. "Data processing algorithms used by NOAA's wind profiler demonstration network." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 6 (1994): 518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0518-1.

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Abstract. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Wind Profiler Demonstration Network consists of 32 wind profiling radars, based primarily in the central United States. The network is being used to determine the operational feasibility and characteristics of a possible future nationwide profiler network. Data processing is performed both at the individual profiler sites and at a central hub processing system. This paper documents the algorithms used at the profilers to produce profiles of the moments of the velocity spectrum every 6 minutes, as well as those used on the h

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Chen, Zhao-Yu, Yen-Hsyang Chu, and Ching-Lun Su. "Intercomparisons of Tropospheric Wind Velocities Measured by Multi-Frequency Wind Profilers and Rawinsonde." Atmosphere 12, no. 10 (2021): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12101284.

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Concurrent measurements of three-dimensional wind velocities made with three co-located wind profilers operated at frequencies of 52 MHz, 449 MHz, and 1.29 GHz for the period 12–16 September 2017 are compared for the first time in this study. The velocity–azimuth display (VAD) method is employed to estimate the wind velocities. The result shows that, in the absence of precipitation, the root mean square difference (RMSD) in the horizontal wind speed velocities U and wind directions D between different pairs of wind profilers are, respectively, in the range of 0.94–0.99 ms−1 and 7.7–8.3°, and t

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Schafer, Robert, Susan K. Avery, Kenneth S. Gage, and George N. Kiladis. "Wind Profiler Observations over the Central Equatorial Pacific: Optimizing Processing to Improve Quality and Height Coverage." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 10 (2007): 1710–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech2072.1.

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Abstract UHF (boundary layer) and VHF (troposphere–stratosphere) wind profilers have operated at Christmas Island (2°N, 157°W) in the central equatorial Pacific from 1986 to 2002. Observed profiles of winds are sparse over the tropical oceans, but these are critical for understanding convective organization and the interaction of convection and waves. While the zonal winds below about 10 km have previously shown good agreement with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) reanalysis (RI), significant differences were found above a h

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Wang, Cheng, Min Chen, and Yaodeng Chen. "Impact of Combined Assimilation of Wind Profiler and Doppler Radar Data on a Convective-Scale Cycling Forecasting System." Monthly Weather Review 150, no. 2 (2022): 431–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-20-0383.1.

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Abstract The two types of wind observations, profiler and radar radial velocity, have been successfully assimilated into numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. However, the added value of profiler data, especially from a densely deployed profiler network, is unknown when assimilated together with Doppler radar radial velocity. In this article, two combined assimilation strategies of profilers along with radar radial winds are compared within a convective-scale data assimilation (DA) framework. In strategy I, the profiler data are assimilated with conventional observations to generate an i

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Adachi, Ahoro, Takahisa Kobayashi, Kenneth S. Gage, et al. "Evaluation of Three-Beam and Four-Beam Profiler Wind Measurement Techniques Using a Five-Beam Wind Profiler and Collocated Meteorological Tower." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 8 (2005): 1167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1777.1.

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Abstract In this paper a five-beam wind profiler and a collocated meteorological tower are used to estimate the accuracy of four-beam and three-beam wind profiler techniques in measuring horizontal components of the wind. In the traditional three-beam technique, the horizontal components of wind are derived from two orthogonal oblique beams and the vertical beam. In the less used four-beam method, the horizontal winds are found from the radial velocities measured with two orthogonal sets of opposing coplanar beams. In this paper the observations derived from the two wind profiler techniques ar

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St-James, Judy S., and Stéphane Laroche. "Assimilation of Wind Profiler Data in the Canadian Meteorological Centre’s Analysis Systems." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 8 (2005): 1181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1765.1.

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Abstract Real-time horizontal wind observations from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA’s) Profiler Network (NPN) are assessed in preparation for their assimilation in the Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC) analysis systems. As a first step, radiosonde winds from 20 stations were compared to the central U.S. profiler stations over the 2001/02 winter season. It was found that profilers are at least as good as conventional radiosonde data. The 2001/02 winter season data were also used to examine the vertical correlation structure of the observation error for profilers.

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Goodrich, Robert K., Corrinne S. Morse, Larry B. Cornman, and Stephen A. Cohn. "A Horizontal Wind and Wind Confidence Algorithm for Doppler Wind Profilers." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 19, no. 3 (2002): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426-19.3.257.

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Abstract Boundary layer wind profilers are increasingly being used in applications that require high-quality, rapidly updated winds. An example of this type of application is an airport wind hazard warning system. Wind shear can be a hazard to flight operations and is also associated with the production of turbulence. A method for calculating wind and wind shear using a linear wind field assumption is presented. This method, applied to four- or five-beam profilers, allows for the explicit accounting of the measurable shear terms. An error analysis demonstrates why some shears are more readily

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Baray, Jean-Luc, Yves Pointin, Joël Van Baelen, et al. "Case Study and Climatological Analysis of Upper-Tropospheric Jet Stream and Stratosphere–Troposphere Exchanges Using VHF Profilers and Radionuclide Measurements in France." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 56, no. 11 (2017): 3081–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0353.1.

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AbstractThe authors present a climatological analysis of tropospheric horizontal wind profiles and jet stream events using long series of wind profiles from two VHF profilers located in France: Lannemezan (2001–14) and Opme (1999–2014). A case study of jet stream and stratospheric intrusion of air into the troposphere that occurred in January 2013 is first described and demonstrates the capability of the VHF profilers to detect jet stream events. The climatology study over the two sites reveals the strongest values of seasonal wind during winter (21.4 m s−1 at 8.7-km height at Opme; 25.1 m s−1

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Weisshaupt, Nadja, Maxime Hervo, and Birgen Haest. "Comparison of bird migration in a radar wind profiler and a dedicated bird radar." Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation 9, no. 6 (2023): 820–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11372159.

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<strong>Abstract </strong> Various types of radar systems are increasingly being used to monitor aerial biodiversity. Each of these types has different detection capabilities and sensitivities to environmental conditions, which affect the quantity and quality of the measured objects of interest. Radar wind profilers have long been known to detect birds, but their use in ornithology has remained limited, largely because of biologists' unfamiliarity with these systems. Although the potential of radar wind profilers for quantitative bird monitoring has been illustrated with time series of ra

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Shaw, W. J., M. S. Pekour, R. L. Coulter, T. J. Martin, and J. T. Walters. "The daytime mixing layer observed by radiosonde, profiler, and lidar during MILAGRO." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 5 (2007): 15025–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-15025-2007.

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Abstract. During the MILAGRO campaign centered in the Mexico City area, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) operated atmospheric profiling systems at Veracruz and at two locations on the Central Mexican Plateau in the region around Mexico City. These systems included radiosondes, wind profilers, a sodar, and an aerosol backscatter lidar. An additional wind profiler was operated by the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) at the Mexican Petroleum Institue (IMP) near the center of Mexico City. Because of the opportunity afforded by collocation

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Teschke, Gerd, and Volker Lehmann. "Mean wind vector estimation using the velocity–azimuth display (VAD) method: an explicit algebraic solution." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 10, no. 9 (2017): 3265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3265-2017.

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Abstract. This paper deals with the analysis of the sampling setup for Doppler profilers aiming at the determination of vertical profiles of the wind. An explicit solution for the retrieval of mean wind vectors under the assumption of local homogeneity is presented for the case of a symmetric velocity–azimuth display sampling, and a stability analysis is performed. Furthermore, the explicit solution allows a detailed investigation of the propagation of radial wind measurement errors on the retrieved wind vector.

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Bond, Nicholas A., Carl F. Dierking, and James D. Doyle. "Research Aircraft and Wind Profiler Observations in Gastineau Channel during a Taku Wind Event*." Weather and Forecasting 21, no. 4 (2006): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf932.1.

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Abstract The flow in Gastineau Channel near Juneau, Alaska, during the moderate Taku wind event of 18 October 2004 is examined using observations from the University of Wyoming’s King Air research aircraft, two wind profilers, and surface weather stations. These data sources reveal low-level winds directed down the central portion of Gastineau Channel, that is, gap flow. Farther down the channel, and above this gap flow, the winds were strongly cross channel in association with the downslope flow that characterizes Taku events. The transition region between these two flows included strong vert

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Teshiba, M., M. D. Yamanaka, H. Hashiguchi, Y. Shibagaki, Y. Ohno, and S. Fukao. "Secondary circulation within a tropical cyclone observed with L-band wind profilers." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 11 (2004): 3951–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-3951-2004.

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Abstract. In association with the passage of a Tropical Cyclone (TC) around Japan, the secondary circulation in the region from the outer side to the center was investigated in detail by two separately located L-band wind profilers and the rawinsonde observations from 1 to 2 October 2002, for the first time. As the wind profilers can observe wind fields not only within rainbands but also in between, the mesoscale wind circulation including the vertical wind component in wide areas from the lower layer to the upper layer was investigated. While the TC center approached the profiler stations, se

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Hu, Huiqin, Juanzhen Sun, and Qinghong Zhang. "Assessing the Impact of Surface and Wind Profiler Data on Fog Forecasting Using WRF 3DVAR: An OSSE Study on a Dense Fog Event over North China." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 56, no. 4 (2017): 1059–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0246.1.

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AbstractBecause fog is a high-impact weather phenomenon, there has been increased demand for its accurate prediction. Both surface data and wind profiler data possess great potential for improved fog prediction. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the impact of surface and wind profiler data on fog prediction in terms of their spatial resolutions and distributions and also to assess the relative effect of these two types of observations. A dense fog event in northern China that occurred on 20 February 2007 was studied using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model’s three-dimensi

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Degelia, Samuel K., Xuguang Wang, and David J. Stensrud. "An Evaluation of the Impact of Assimilating AERI Retrievals, Kinematic Profilers, Rawinsondes, and Surface Observations on a Forecast of a Nocturnal Convection Initiation Event during the PECAN Field Campaign." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 8 (2019): 2739–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-18-0423.1.

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Abstract Numerical weather prediction models often fail to correctly forecast convection initiation (CI) at night. To improve our understanding of such events, researchers collected a unique dataset of thermodynamic and kinematic remote sensing profilers as part of the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) experiment. This study evaluates the impacts made to a nocturnal CI forecast on 26 June 2015 by assimilating a network of atmospheric emitted radiance interferometers (AERIs), Doppler lidars, radio wind profilers, high-frequency rawinsondes, and mobile surface observations using an adv

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Lau, Elías, Scott McLaughlin, Frank Pratte, et al. "The DeTect Inc. RAPTOR VAD-BL Radar Wind Profiler." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 9 (2013): 1978–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00259.1.

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Abstract The DeTect Inc. RAPTOR velocity–azimuth display boundary layer (VAD-BL) radar wind profiler is a pulsed Doppler radar used to make automatic unattended measurements of wind profiles in the lower atmosphere. All data products are produced on site, in real time, and utilize quality control software to screen out interference. The nominal frequencies are 915 and 1290 MHz but other frequencies can be accommodated. While the architecture is similar to other boundary layer wind profilers, the RAPTOR VAD-BL is designed to provide consistently superior data quality due to its antenna design a

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Strauch, R. G., D. A. Merritt, K. P. Moran, B. L. Weber, D. B. Wuertz, and P. T. May. "Wind profilers for support of flight operations." Journal of Aircraft 26, no. 11 (1989): 1009–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.45874.

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Tridon, Frédéric, Alessandro Battaglia, Pavlos Kollias, Edward Luke, and Christopher R. Williams. "Signal Postprocessing and Reflectivity Calibration of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program 915-MHz Wind Profilers." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 6 (2013): 1038–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00146.1.

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Abstract The Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program has recently initiated a new research avenue toward a better characterization of the transition from cloud to precipitation. Dual-wavelength techniques applied to millimeter-wavelength radars and a Rayleigh reference have a great potential for rain-rate retrievals directly from dual-wavelength ratio measurements. In this context, the recent reconfiguration of the ARM 915-MHz wind profilers in a vertically pointing mode makes these instruments the ideal candidate for providing the Rayleigh reflectivity/Doppler vel

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Fast, Jerome D., Rob K. Newsom, K. Jerry Allwine, et al. "An Evaluation of Two NEXRAD Wind Retrieval Methodologies and Their Use in Atmospheric Dispersion Models." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 47, no. 9 (2008): 2351–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jamc1853.1.

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Abstract Two entirely different methods for retrieving 3D fields of horizontal winds from Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) radial velocities have been evaluated using radar wind profiler measurements to determine whether routine wind retrievals would be useful for atmospheric dispersion model applications. The first method uses a physical algorithm based on four-dimensional variational data assimilation, and the second simpler method uses a statistical technique based on an analytic formulation of the background error covariance. Both methods can be run in near–real time, but the simpler

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McCaffrey, Katherine, James M. Wilczak, Laura Bianco, et al. "Identification and Characterization of Persistent Cold Pool Events from Temperature and Wind Profilers in the Columbia River Basin." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 58, no. 12 (2019): 2533–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0046.1.

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AbstractCold pool events occur when deep layers of stable, cold air remain trapped in a valley or basin for multiple days, without mixing out from daytime heating. With large impacts on air quality, freezing events, and especially on wind energy production, they are often poorly forecast by modern mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Understanding the characteristics of cold pools is, therefore, important to provide more accurate forecasts. This study analyzes cold pool characteristics with data collected during the Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2), which took p

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Carvalho, Adriel J., Francisco L. Albuquerque Neto, and Denisson Q. Oliveira. "Analyzing the performance of vertical wind profilers in rain events." Wind Energy Science 10, no. 5 (2025): 971–86. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-971-2025.

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Abstract. This paper quantitatively analyzes the performance of sodar and lidar wind profilers during precipitation events, focusing on their range availability (RA) and the representativeness of wind measurements. The wind profile and supporting meteorological data were collected in Barreirinhas and Paulino Neves, Maranhão, Brazil, at various locations, both near and far from the shoreline. The results show that precipitation affects the RA of sodar, which, although it recovers quickly after the rain, shows significant drops in more consistent events. On the other hand, the lidar near the coa

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Browning, K. A., D. Jerrett, J. Nash, T. Oakley, and N. M. Roberts. "Cold frontal structure derived from radar wind profilers." Meteorological Applications 5, no. 1 (1998): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1350482798000784.

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Nastrom, G. D., and T. E. VanZandt. "Mean Vertical Motions Seen by Radar Wind Profilers." Journal of Applied Meteorology 33, no. 8 (1994): 984–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1994)033<0984:mvmsbr>2.0.co;2.

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Weisshaupt, Nadja, Juan Arizaga, and Mercedes Maruri. "The role of radar wind profilers in ornithology." Ibis 160, no. 3 (2018): 516–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12562.

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Newsom, Rob K., Larry K. Berg, Mikhail Pekour, et al. "Evaluation of Single-Doppler Radar Wind Retrievals in Flat and Complex Terrain." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 8 (2014): 1920–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-13-0297.1.

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AbstractThe accuracy of winds derived from Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) level-II data is assessed by comparison with independent observations from 915-MHz radar wind profilers. The evaluation is carried out at two locations with very different terrain characteristics. One site is located in an area of complex terrain within the State Line Wind Energy Center in northeastern Oregon. The other site is located in an area of flat terrain on the east-central Florida coast. The National Severe Storm Laboratory’s two-dimensional variational data assimilation (2DVar) algorithm is used to retr

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Williams, Christopher R., and Susan K. Avery. "Diurnal winds observed in the tropical troposphere using 50 MHz wind profilers." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 101, no. D10 (1996): 15051–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96jd01013.

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Pimenta, Felipe M., Osvaldo R. Saavedra, Denisson Q. Oliveira, et al. "Characterization of Wind Resources of the East Coast of Maranhão, Brazil." Energies 16, no. 14 (2023): 5555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16145555.

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The objective of this work is to assess the wind resources of the east coast of Maranhão, Brazil. Wind profilers were combined with micrometeorological towers and atmospheric reanalysis to investigate micro- and mesoscale aspects of wind variability. Field campaigns recorded winds in the dry and wet seasons, under the influence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The dry season was characterized by strong winds (8 to 12 m s−1) from the northeast. Surface heat fluxes were generally positive (250 to 320 W m−2) at midday and negative (−10 to −20 W m−2) during the night. Convective profiles pre

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Iwai, Hironori, Makoto Aoki, Mitsuru Oshiro, and Shoken Ishii. "Validation of Aeolus Level 2B wind products using wind profilers, ground-based Doppler wind lidars, and radiosondes in Japan." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 11 (2021): 7255–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7255-2021.

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Abstract. The first space-based Doppler wind lidar (DWL) on board the Aeolus satellite was launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) on 22 August 2018 to obtain global profiles of horizontal line-of-sight (HLOS) wind speed. In this study, the Raleigh-clear and Mie-cloudy winds for periods of baseline 2B02 (from 1 October to 18 December 2018) and 2B10 (from 28 June to 31 December 2019 and from 20 April to 8 October 2020) were validated using 33 wind profilers (WPRs) installed all over Japan, two ground-based coherent Doppler wind lidars (CDWLs), and 18 GPS radiosondes (GPS-RSs). In particular

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Lehmann, V., and G. Teschke. "Advanced intermittent clutter filtering for radar wind profiler: signal separation through a Gabor frame expansion and its statistics." Annales Geophysicae 26, no. 4 (2008): 759–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-759-2008.

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Abstract. A new signal processing method is presented for the suppression of intermittent clutter echoes in radar wind profilers. This clutter type is a significant problem during the seasonal bird migration and often results in large discrepancies between profiler wind measurements and independent reference data. The technique presented makes use of a discrete Gabor frame expansion of the coherently averaged time series data in combination with a statistical filtering approach to exploit the different signal characteristics between signal and clutter. The rationale of this algorithm is outlin

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Bukrin, I. V., and V. El Ivanov. "Overview of Wind Parameter Radar Applications Around the World." Ural Radio Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (2024): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/urej.2024.8.1.002.

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Relying on the development of radio electronics and computer technology, a direction has emerged in radar meteorology related to the development of methods and means for remote measurement of the vertical wind profile in the atmosphere by determining the Doppler frequency shift of the reflected signal from meteorological irregularities. The article provides a brief overview of the use of wind parameter radars (profilers) that operate in the decimeter wavelength range (400–1700 MHz), since it is in this range that wind parameters are most fully determined under absolutely clear sky conditions.

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Cohn, Stephen A., Vanda Grubišić, and William O. J. Brown. "Wind Profiler Observations of Mountain Waves and Rotors during T-REX." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 4 (2011): 826–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2611.1.

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A network of three boundary layer radar wind profilers is used to study characteristics of mountain waves and rotors and to explore the utility of such a network. The data employed were collected as part of the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX), which took place in Owens Valley, California, in early 2006. The wind profilers provide a continuous time–height representation of wave and rotor structure. During intensive observing period 3 (IOP 3), the profiler network was positioned in an L-shaped configuration, capturing key features of the mountain waves and rotor, including the boundary

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Tse, K. T., S. W. Li, P. W. Chan, H. Y. Mok, and A. U. Weerasuriya. "Wind profile observations in tropical cyclone events using wind-profilers and doppler SODARs." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 115 (April 2013): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.01.003.

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Kim, Campistron, and Kwon. "Frontal Wind Field Retrieval Based on UHF Wind Profiler Radars and an S-band Radar Network." Atmosphere 10, no. 9 (2019): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10090547.

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The three-dimensional wind field (WPR3D) and the multiple WPR3D (M-WPR3D) associated with the passage of a stationary front was derived from observations made by a network of eight wind profiler radars (WPR) being operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration during the summer “Jangma” season. The effectiveness of the WPR3D was determined through numerical model analysis and wind profilers at three sites, and the accuracy of the M-WPR3D was validated by comparing the trajectory of the radiosonde. The discontinuity of the wind field near the frontal interface was clearly retrieved and the

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Kobayashi, Takahisa, and Ahoro Adachi. "Measurements of raindrop breakup by using UHF wind profilers." Geophysical Research Letters 28, no. 21 (2001): 4071–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001gl013254.

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Augustine, John A., and Edward J. Zipser. "The Use of Wind Profilers in a Mesoscale Experiment." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 68, no. 1 (1987): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1987)068<0004:tuowpi>2.0.co;2.

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Compton, Jaime C., Ruben Delgado, Timothy A. Berkoff, and Raymond M. Hoff. "Determination of Planetary Boundary Layer Height on Short Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Demonstration of the Covariance Wavelet Transform in Ground-Based Wind Profiler and Lidar Measurements*." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 7 (2013): 1566–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00116.1.

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Abstract This article explores the application of the covariance wavelet transform (CWT) to lidar and, for the first time to the authors' knowledge, wind profiler data to examine the possibility of accurate and continuous planetary boundary layer (PBL) height measurements on short temporal resolution (1- and 15-min averages, respectively). Determining the mixing in the PBL was one goal of a study of the spatial and diurnal variations of the PBL height over Maryland for July 2011, during NASA's Earth Venture mission DISCOVER-AQ. The PBL heights derived from ground-based lidars [at University of

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Gunter, W. Scott, John L. Schroeder, and Brian D. Hirth. "Validation of Dual-Doppler Wind Profiles with in situ Anemometry." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 32, no. 5 (2015): 943–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-14-00181.1.

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AbstractTypical methods used to acquire wind profiles from Doppler radar measurements rely on plan position indicator (PPI) scans being performed at multiple elevation angles to utilize the velocity–azimuth display technique or to construct dual-Doppler synthesis. These techniques, as well as those employed by wind profilers, often produce wind profiles that lack the spatial or temporal resolution to resolve finescale features. If two radars perform range–height indicator (RHI) scans (constant azimuth, multiple elevations) along azimuths separated by approximately 90°, then the intersection of

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Wullenweber, Nellie, Lars R. Hole, Peygham Ghaffari, Inger Graves, Harald Tholo, and Lionel Camus. "SailBuoy Ocean Currents: Low-Cost Upper-Layer Ocean Current Measurements." Sensors 22, no. 15 (2022): 5553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155553.

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This study introduces an alternative to the existing methods for measuring ocean currents based on a recently developed technology. The SailBuoy is an unmanned surface vehicle powered by wind and solar panels that can navigate autonomously to predefined waypoints and record velocity profiles using an integrated downward-looking acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). Data collected on two validation campaigns show a satisfactory correlation between the SailBuoy current records and traditional observation techniques such as bottom-mounted and moored current profilers and moored single-point c

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Dosser, Hayley V., Luc Rainville, and John M. Toole. "Near-Inertial Internal Wave Field in the Canada Basin from Ice-Tethered Profilers." Journal of Physical Oceanography 44, no. 2 (2014): 413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-0117.1.

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Abstract Salinity and temperature profiles from drifting ice-tethered profilers in the Beaufort gyre region of the Canada Basin are used to characterize and quantify the regional near-inertial internal wave field over one year. Vertical displacements of potential density surfaces from the surface to 750-m depth are tracked from fall 2006 to fall 2007. Because of the time resolution and irregular sampling of the ice-tethered profilers, near-inertial frequency signals are marginally resolved. Complex demodulation is used to determine variations with a time scale of several days in the amplitude

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Baidar, Sunil, Timothy J. Wagner, David D. Turner, and W. Alan Brewer. "Using optimal estimation to retrieve winds from velocity-azimuth display (VAD) scans by a Doppler lidar." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 15 (2023): 3715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3715-2023.

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Abstract. Low-powered commercially available coherent Doppler lidar (CDL) wind profilers provide continuous measurement of vertical profiles of wind in the lower troposphere, usually close to or up to the top of the planetary boundary layer. The vertical extent of these wind profiles is limited by the availability of scatterers and thus varies substantially throughout the day and from one day to the next. This makes it challenging to develop continuous products that rely on CDL-observed wind profiles. In order to overcome this problem, we have developed a new method for wind profile retrievals

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Shestakova, Anna A., Ekaterina V. Fedotova, and Vasily S. Lyulyukin. "Relevance Of Era5 Reanalysis For Wind Energy Applications: Comparison With Sodar Observations." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 17, no. 1 (2024): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2023-2782.

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ERA5 reanalysis is one of the most trusted climate data sources for wind energy modeling. However, any reanalysis should be verified through comparison with observational data to detect biases before further use. For wind verification at heights close to typical wind turbine hub heights (i.e. about 100 m), it is preferable to use either in-situ measurements from meteorological towers or remote sensing data like acoustic and laser vertical profilers, which remain independent of reanalysis. In this study, we validated the wind speed data from ERA5 at a height of 100 m using data from four sodars

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Illingworth, A. J., D. Cimini, C. Gaffard, et al. "Exploiting Existing Ground-Based Remote Sensing Networks to Improve High-Resolution Weather Forecasts." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 12 (2015): 2107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-13-00283.1.

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Abstract A new generation of high-resolution (1 km) forecast models promises to revolutionize the prediction of hazardous weather such as windstorms, flash floods, and poor air quality. To realize this promise, a dense observing network, focusing on the lower few kilometers of the atmosphere, is required to verify these new forecast models with the ultimate goal of assimilating the data. At present there are insufficient systematic observations of the vertical profiles of water vapor, temperature, wind, and aerosols; a major constraint is the absence of funding to install new networks. A recen

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He, Junyi, Qiusheng Li, Pak-Wai Chan, et al. "An Observational Study of Typhoon Talim over the Northern Part of the South China Sea in July 2023." Atmosphere 14, no. 9 (2023): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14091340.

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Extensive surface and upper air measurements of a typhoon over the northern part of the South China Sea, namely, Typhoon Talim in July 2023, are documented and analysed in this paper. A number of features have been observed from the upper air measurements. First, the log law and the power law were found to be appropriate in fitting the wind profiles of the typhoon in the first 1000 m or so above the sea surface. Second, a low-level jet with the height of the maximum wind speed of around 1000 m was observed in the lower troposphere from the observations of the radar wind profilers. This paper i

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Rogers, R. R., S. A. Cohn, W. L. Ecklund, J. S. Wilson, and D. A. Carter. "Experience from one year of operating a boundary-layer profiler in the center of a large city." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 6 (1994): 529–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0529-y.

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Abstract. Since May 1992 a small, 915-MHz profiler has been operated continuously in downtown Montreal. It is a five-beam system employing a microstrip array antenna, located atop a 14-story office building that houses several academic departments of McGill University. The data are used for research on precipitation physics and the clear-air reflectivity in addition to wind profiling. We are especially interested in situations in which the reflectivities of the clear air and the precipitation are comparable. This permits the study of interactions between the precipitation and the clear air, a

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Merceret, Francis J. "Rapid Temporal Changes of Boundary Layer Winds." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 45, no. 7 (2006): 1016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2377.1.

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Abstract The statistical distribution of the magnitude of the vector wind change over 0.25-, 0.5-, 1-, and 2-h periods based on central Florida data from November 1999 through August 2001 is presented. The distributions of the 2-h u and υ wind-component changes are also presented for comparison. The wind changes at altitudes from 500 to 3000 m were measured using the Eastern Range network of five 915-MHz Doppler radar wind profilers. Quality-controlled profiles were produced every 15 min for up to 60 gates, each representing 101 m in altitude over the range from 130 to 6089 m. Five levels, eac

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Gaffard, C., J. Nash, E. Walker, T. J. Hewison, J. Jones, and E. G. Norton. "High time resolution boundary layer description using combined remote sensing instruments." Annales Geophysicae 26, no. 9 (2008): 2597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-2597-2008.

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Abstract. Ground based remote sensing systems for future observation operations will allow continuous monitoring of the lower troposphere at temporal resolutions much better than every 30 min. Observations which may be considered spurious from an individual instrument can be validated or eliminated when considered in conjunction with measurements from other instruments observing at the same location. Thus, improved quality control of atmospheric profiles from microwave radiometers and wind profilers should be sought by considering the measurements from different systems together rather than in

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Gossard, Earl E., Daniel E. Wolfe, and B. Boba Stankov. "Measurement of Humidity Profiles in the Atmosphere by the Global Positioning System and Radar Wind Profilers." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 16, no. 1 (1999): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<0156:mohpit>2.0.co;2.

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Anandan, V. K., and D. B. V. Jagannatham. "An Autonomous Interference Detection and Filtering Approach Applied to Wind Profilers." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 48, no. 4 (2010): 1660–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2009.2034258.

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