Academic literature on the topic 'Wind speed at the sea surface'

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Journal articles on the topic "Wind speed at the sea surface"

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Monahan, Adam H. "The Temporal Autocorrelation Structure of Sea Surface Winds." Journal of Climate 25, no. 19 (2012): 6684–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00698.1.

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Abstract The temporal autocorrelation structures of sea surface vector winds and wind speeds are considered. Analyses of scatterometer and reanalysis wind data demonstrate that the autocorrelation functions (acf) of surface zonal wind, meridional wind, and wind speed generally drop off more rapidly in the midlatitudes than in the low latitudes. Furthermore, the meridional wind component and wind speed generally decorrelate more rapidly than the zonal wind component. The anisotropy in vector wind decorrelation scales is demonstrated to be most pronounced in the storm tracks and near the equator
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Xue, Jialiang, and Rui Sun. "GNSS-R based Partitioned Sea Surface Wind Speed Monitoring Model." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2999, no. 1 (2025): 012043. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2999/1/012043.

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Abstract The accurate sea surface wind speed monitoring is important for typhoon warning. The Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technology provide an approach for monitoring sea surface wind speed with benefits of low costs and wide coverage. However, existing GNSS-R based wind speed monitoring models exhibit high accuracy in retrieving low wind speeds but low accuracy when dealing with high wind speeds. To address this issue, this paper proposes a partitioned Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) model for sea surface wind speed retrieval. Quality control of CYGNSS da
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Monahan, Adam Hugh. "Empirical Models of the Probability Distribution of Sea Surface Wind Speeds." Journal of Climate 20, no. 23 (2007): 5798–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1609.1.

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Abstract This study considers the probability distribution of sea surface wind speeds, which have historically been modeled using the Weibull distribution. First, non-Weibull structure in the observed sea surface wind speeds (from SeaWinds observations) is characterized using relative entropy, a natural information theoretic measure of the difference between probability distributions. Second, empirical models of the probability distribution of sea surface wind speeds, parameterized in terms of the parameters of the vector wind probability distribution, are developed. It is shown that Gaussian
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Shi, Jian, Zhihao Feng, Yuan Sun, Xueyan Zhang, Wenjing Zhang, and Yi Yu. "Relationship between Sea Surface Drag Coefficient and Wave State." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 11 (2021): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111248.

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The sea surface drag coefficient plays an important role in momentum transmission between the atmosphere and the ocean, which is affected by ocean waves. The total air–sea momentum flux consists of effective momentum flux and sea spray momentum flux. Sea spray momentum flux involves sea surface drag, which is largely affected by the ocean wave state. Under strong winds, the sea surface drag coefficient (CD) does not increase linearly with the increasing wind speed, namely, the increase of CD is inhibited by strong winds. In this study, a sea surface drag coefficient is constructed that can be
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Sun, Cangjie, and Adam H. Monahan. "Statistical Downscaling Prediction of Sea Surface Winds over the Global Ocean." Journal of Climate 26, no. 20 (2013): 7938–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00722.1.

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Abstract The statistical prediction of local sea surface winds from large-scale, free-tropospheric fields is investigated at a number of locations over the global ocean using a statistical downscaling model based on multiple linear regression. The predictands (the mean and standard deviation of both vector wind components and wind speed) calculated from ocean buoy observations on daily, weekly, and monthly scales are regressed on upper-level predictor fields from reanalysis products. It is found that in general the mean vector wind components are more predictable than mean wind speed in the No
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Obermann, Anika, Benedikt Edelmann, and Bodo Ahrens. "Influence of sea surface roughness length parameterization on Mistral and Tramontane simulations." Advances in Science and Research 13 (July 8, 2016): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-13-107-2016.

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Abstract. The Mistral and Tramontane are mesoscale winds in southern France and above the Western Mediterranean Sea. They are phenomena well suited for studying channeling effects as well as atmosphere–land/ocean processes. This sensitivity study deals with the influence of the sea surface roughness length parameterizations on simulated Mistral and Tramontane wind speed and wind direction. Several simulations with the regional climate model COSMO-CLM were performed for the year 2005 with varying values for the Charnock parameter α. Above the western Mediterranean area, the simulated wind speed
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Cheng, Tianyi, Zhaohui Chen, Jingkai Li, Qing Xu, and Haiyuan Yang. "Characterizing the Effect of Ocean Surface Currents on Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) Winds Using Open Ocean Moored Buoy Data." Remote Sensing 15, no. 18 (2023): 4630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15184630.

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The ocean surface current influences the roughness of the sea surface, subsequently affecting the scatterometer’s measurement of wind speed. In this study, the effect of surface currents on ASCAT-retrieved winds is investigated based on in-situ observations of both surface winds and currents from 40 open ocean moored buoys in the tropical and mid-latitude oceans. A total of 28,803 data triplets, consisting of buoy-observed wind vectors, current vectors, and ASCAT Level 2 wind vectors, were collected from the dataset spanning over 10 years. It is found that the bias between scatterometer-retrie
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Sun, Difu, Junqiang Song, Xiaoyong Li, Kaijun Ren, and Hongze Leng. "A Novel Sea Surface Roughness Parameterization Based on Wave State and Sea Foam." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 3 (2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030246.

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A wave state related sea surface roughness parameterization scheme that takes into account the impact of sea foam is proposed in this study. Using eight observational datasets, the performances of two most widely used wave state related parameterizations are examined under various wave conditions. Based on the different performances of two wave state related parameterizations under different wave state, and by introducing the effect of sea foam, a new sea surface roughness parameterization suitable for low to extreme wind conditions is proposed. The behaviors of drag coefficient predicted by t
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Ben Miloud, Haifa M., and Maha A. Alssabri. "The Effect of Wind Speed and Sea Surface Temperature on Chlorophyll –A Concentration in Sea Water Off the Libyan Coast." Al-Mukhtar Journal of Basic Sciences 22, no. 1 (2024): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/whj12t15.

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The effect of winds and sea surface temperature on the concentration of chlorophyll-a, which is the primary source for phytoplankton to produce carbon through photosynthesis, is one of the climatic changes formed in the atmosphere and oceans that are the focus of current global studies. The study found a strong correlation between the concentration of chlorophyll-a and wind speed. The concentration of chlorophyll-a rises with increasing wind speed and reaches 0.85. Conversely, the relationship between sea surface temperatures and chlorophyll-a concentration is inverse, meaning that the higher
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Bell, T. G., W. De Bruyn, S. D. Miller, B. Ward, K. Christensen, and E. S. Saltzman. "Air/sea DMS gas transfer in the North Atlantic: evidence for limited interfacial gas exchange at high wind speed." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 5 (2013): 13285–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-13285-2013.

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Abstract. Shipboard measurements of eddy covariance DMS air/sea fluxes and seawater concentration were carried out in the North Atlantic bloom region in June/July 2011. Gas transfer coefficients (k660) show a linear dependence on mean horizontal wind speed at wind speeds up to 11 m s−1. At higher wind speeds the relationship between k660 and wind speed weakens. At high winds, measured DMS fluxes were lower than predicted based on the linear relationship between wind speed and interfacial stress extrapolated from low to intermediate wind speeds. In contrast, the transfer coefficient for sensibl
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wind speed at the sea surface"

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Avenas, Arthur. "Tropical cyclone dynamics revealed by satellite ocean surface wind speeds observations : the key contribution of the near-core surface wind structure." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IMTA0397.

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Malgré les avancées dans la prédiction de la trajectoire des cyclones tropicaux et des vitesses de vent dans la région externe, la représentation numérique des vents les plus forts associés aux événements les plus intenses demeure une question ouverte, principalement en raison de la faible taille du cœur du cyclone et de la difficulté à comprendre et résoudre les échanges turbulents entre l’océan et l’atmosphère. Les limitations observationnelles ont longtemps entravé des mesures précises de la surface océanique près de la région centrale dans des conditions de vent extrême, tandis que les sat
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Komarov, Alexander. "New methods for detecting dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of sea ice from radar remote sensing." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30225.

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This dissertation presents new methods for detecting dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of Arctic sea ice using radar remote sensing. A new technique for sea ice motion detection from sequential satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images was developed and thoroughly validated. The accuracy of the system is 0.43 km obtained from a comparison between SAR-derived ice motion vectors and in-situ sea ice beacon trajectories. For the first time, we evaluated ice motion tracking results derived from co-polarization (HH) and cross-polarization (HV) channels of RADARSAT-2 ScanSAR imagery an
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Zambra, Matteo. "Méthodes IA multimodales dans des contextes d’observation océanographique et de surveillance maritime multi-capteurs hétérogènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IMTA0391.

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Cette thèse vise à étudier l’utilisation simultanée d’ensembles de données océaniques hétérogènes afin d’améliorer les performances des modèles prédictifs utilisés dans les domaines scientifiques et opérationnels pour la simulation et l’analyse de l’océan et du milieu marin. Deux études de cas distinctes ont été explorées au cours des travaux de thèse. La première étude se concentre sur l’estimation locale de la vitesse du vent à la surface de la mer à partir de mesures du paysage sonore sous-marin et de produits de modèles atmosphériques. La deuxième étude considère l’extension spatiale du pr
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Song, Qingtao. "Surface wind response to oceanic fronts /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2006. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3225330.

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Sun, Yiping. "Sea state monitoring by radar altimeter from a microsatellite." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844478/.

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This thesis constitutes a general survey and a study of significant extensions to the usual conventional satellite radar altimetry. Historically radar altimeter has been configured to the measurement of mean sea level. It is well known that other statistics such as Significant Wave Height (SWH) and wind speed are in principle recoverable from the radar echo and these are currently of great interest. It has been the aim in this thesis to optimize such measurements, for a general meteorological application, with less interest shown in absolute measurement of sea level. Current technology makes p
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Park, Jeonghwan. "Investigations of GNSS-R for Ocean Wind, Sea Surface Height, and Land Surface Remote Sensing." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1512095954817037.

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Masson, Diane. "Spectral evolution of wind generated surface gravity waves in a dispersed ice field." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29020.

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The Marginal Ice Zone includes wide areas covered by dispersed ice floes in which wave conditions are significantly affected by the ice. When the wind blows from the solid ice pack, towards the open sea, growing waves are scattered by the floes, their spectral characteristics being modified. To further understand this problem, a model for the evolution of wind waves in a sparse field of ice floes was developed. The sea state is described by a two-dimensional discrete spectrum. Time-limited wave growth is obtained by numerical integration of the energy balance equation using the exact nonlinear
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Alamaro, Moshe 1948. "Wind wave tank for experimental investigation of momentum and enthalpy transfer from the ocean surface at high wind speed." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51587.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-79).<br>Thermodynamic analysis and numerical modeling of hurricane intensity has shown that its is controlled by the enthalpy transfer from the ocean surface and by drag. Direct measurements of drag, evaporation, and sensible heat transfer are not easily performed on the high seas. Therefore, a wind wave tank has been constructed in which a few aspects of a tropical storm are simulated. The air velocity inside the annular tank is com
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Shinozuka, Yohei. "Sea-Salt Optical Properties Over the Remote Oceans: Their Vertical Profiles and Variations with Wind Speed." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6961.

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The size distribution and scattering coefficient of the marine aerosol was measured over the Southern Ocean during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1) and over the tropical Pacific Ocean during the Second Pacific Exploratory Mission in the Tropics (PEMT-B). Thermal analysis of particles at near ambient temperature (40 °C), 150 °C, and 300 °C enabled us to estimate size distributions of the volatile (mostly sulfate and organic) and refractory (mostly sea-salt) modes as well as their contributions to optical depth and cloud condensation nuclei. When averaged spatially and tempo
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Mouton, Dawid Petrus. "Satellite derived sea surface temperature and wind field variability in the Benguela upwelling region." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6494.

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Bibliography : leaves 81-85.<br>Although upwelling was found to be more or less perennial along most of the coast south of 16 °S, seasonal variations were observed for both the SST and the upwelling favorable wind conditions. Inter-annual variability is common, and with these datasets it was possible to highlight periods of anomalous conditions. Results indicated that both the seasonal and inter-annual variability between the northern and southern parts of the Benguela system is quite different, with stronger seasonality observed in the southern Benguela.
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Books on the topic "Wind speed at the sea surface"

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Halpern, D. An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSMI surface wind speed, AVHRR/2 sea surface temperature, AMI surface wind velocity, TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height, and ECMWF surface wind velocity during 1993. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1995.

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Halpern, David. An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSMI surface wind speed, AVHRR/2 sea surface temperature, AMI surface wind velocity, TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height, and ECMWF surface wind velocity during 1993. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1995.

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Halpern, D. An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSMI surface wind speed, AVHRR/2 sea surface temperature, AMI surface wind velocity, TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height, and ECMWF surface wind velocity during 1993. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1995.

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Halpern, D. An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSMI surface wind speed, AVHRR/2 sea surface temperature, AMI surface wind velocity,and TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height during 1994. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1997.

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David, Halpern, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U. S.), eds. An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSMI surface wind speed, AVHRR sea surface temperature, AMI surface wind velocity, TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height during 1995. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1998.

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United States. National Weather Service., ed. Guide to sea state, wind, and clouds. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, 1995.

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Halpern, D. An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSMI surface wind speed, ARGOS ... wind components during 1990. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1993.

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O'Muircheartaigh, I. G. Estimation of sea-surface windspeed from whitecap cover: Statistical approaches compared empirically and by simulation. Naval Postgraduate School, 1985.

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G, Rehm Ronald, National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), and Building and Fire Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. An efficient large eddy simulation algorithm for computational wind engineering: Application to surface pressure computations on a single building. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999.

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G, Rehm Ronald, National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), and Building and Fire Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. An efficient large eddy simulation algorithm for computational wind engineering: Application to surface pressure computations on a single building. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wind speed at the sea surface"

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Yu, Kegen. "Sea Surface Wind Speed Estimation." In Navigation: Science and Technology. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0411-9_6.

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Zapevalov, Alexander, Konstantin Pokazeev, and Tatiana Chaplina. "Physical Limitations of Accuracy of Remote Determination of Wind Speed Over the Ocean." In Simulation of the Sea Surface for Remote Sensing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58752-9_10.

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Niu, Xinliang, Feng Lu, Yuanhua Liu, Cheng Jing, and Bei Wan. "Application and Technology of Bufeng-1 GNSS-R Demonstration Satellites on Sea Surface Wind Speed Detection." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3707-3_20.

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Zhou, Zhenxiong, Boheng Duan, and Kaijun Ren. "Improving GNSS-R Sea Surface Wind Speed Retrieval from FY-3E Satellite Using Multi-task Learning and Physical Information." In Neural Information Processing. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8076-5_26.

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Albert, Jiya, and Prasad K. Bhaskaran. "Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of Sea Surface Temperature and Its Correlation with Maximum Sustained Wind Speed in Bay of Bengal." In Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64202-0_23.

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Jin, Shuanggen, Xuerui Wu, and Hui Qiu. "Sea Surface Wind Estimation." In Satellite Navigation Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-4804-7_9.

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Tambke, J., J. A. T. Bye, Bernhard Lange, and J. O. Wolff. "Wind Speed Profiles above the North Sea." In Wind Energy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33866-6_5.

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Soloviev, Alexander, and Roger Lukas. "High Wind Speed Regime." In The Near-Surface Layer of the Ocean. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7621-0_6.

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Liu, W. Timothy, and Xiaosu Xie. "Sea Surface Wind/Stress Vector." In Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_168.

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Schmidt, Henrik, Tuncay Akal, and W. A. Kuperman. "Low Frequency Wind Generated Ambient Noise in Shallow Water." In Sea Surface Sound. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3017-9_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wind speed at the sea surface"

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Zhang, K. C., D. Nie, J. N. Yan, and M. Zhang. "A Multiple Eigenvalues-based Approach for Spaceborne GNSS-R Sea Surface Wind Speed Inversion." In 2024 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers62282.2024.10618055.

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Qiao, Xin, and Weimin Huang. "An Attention-Aided Convolutional Neural Network for Global Sea Surface Wind Speed Estimation from Gnss-R Data." In IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10642642.

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Yang, Zhiding, and Weimin Huang. "A CNN-based Hybrid Dehazing and Regression Model for Sea Surface Wind Speed Retrieval from Rain-contaminated Marine Radar Data." In OCEANS 2024 - SINGAPORE. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans51537.2024.10682253.

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Qin, Jin, Siqi Gu, Bo Zhou, et al. "Utilizing Space-borne GNSS-R Ocean and Land circumstance detector Data of NanYue to retrieve sea surface wind speed and soil moisture." In 2025 6th International Conference on Geology, Mapping and Remote Sensing (ICGMRS). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icgmrs66001.2025.11065444.

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Said, Faozi, Zorana Jelenak, Paul S. Chang, et al. "Exploring SMAP Wind Speed Potential Sea Surface Salinity and Sea Surface Temperature Residual Dependencies." In IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss52108.2023.10282635.

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Hu, Yongxiang, and J. B. Nee. "High resolution sea surface wind speed from CALIOP measurements." In Optical Instrumentation for Energy and Environmental Applications. OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/e2.2014.ew3a.2.

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Bao, Qingliu, Youguang Zhang, Wentao An, et al. "Sea surface wind speed inversion using low incident NRCS." In IGARSS 2016 - 2016 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2016.7730205.

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Huang, L., A. Buono, and M. Migliaccio. "SAR Speckle as a Proxy of Sea Surface Wind Speed." In 2018 IEEE/OES Baltic International Symposium (BALTIC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/baltic.2018.8634861.

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Yu, Kegen, Chris Rizos, and Andrew Dempster. "Sea surface wind speed estimation based on GNSS signal measurements." In IGARSS 2012 - 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2012.6350950.

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Xu, Yuan, Jingsong Yang, Guangjun Xu, Xiaoyan Chen, and Lin Ren. "Data fusion of sea surface wind speed from multisatellite altimeters." In Eighth International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, edited by Jinwen Tian and Jie Ma. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2031409.

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Reports on the topic "Wind speed at the sea surface"

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Wenren, Yonghu, Luke Allen, and Robert Haehnel. SAGE-PEDD user manual. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44960.

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SAGE-PEDD is a computational model for estimating snowdrift shapes around buildings. The main inputs to the model are wind speed, wind direction, building geometry and initial ground or snow-surface topography. Though developed mainly for predicting snowdrift shapes, it has the flexibility to accept other soil types, though this manual addresses snow only. This manual provides detailed information for set up, running, and viewing the output of a SAGE-PEDD simulation.
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Avara, Elton P., and Bruce T. Miers. Surface Wind Speed Distributions. Defense Technical Information Center, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada253268.

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Gregow, Hilppa, Antti Mäkelä, Heikki Tuomenvirta, et al. Ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutumisen ohjauskeinot, kustannukset ja alueelliset ulottuvuudet. Suomen ilmastopaneeli, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31885/9789527457047.

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The new EU strategy on adaptation to climate change highlights the urgency of adaptation measures while bringing forth adaptation as vitally important as a response to climate change as mitigation. In order to provide information on how adaptation to climate change has been promoted in Finland and what calls for attention next, we have compiled a comprehensive information package focusing on the following themes: adaptation policy, impacts of climate change including economic impacts, regional adaptation strategies, climate and flood risks in regions and sea areas, and the availability of scie
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Andrews, Patricia L. Modeling wind adjustment factor and midflame wind speed for Rothermel's surface fire spread model. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-266.

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Lyzenga, David R. Estimation of Ocean Surface Wind Speed and Direction From Polarimetric Radiometry Data. Defense Technical Information Center, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada533831.

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Young, George S. Wind Direction Estimates from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery of the Sea Surface. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432157.

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Sikora, Todd D., and George S. Young. Wind Direction Estimates from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery of the Sea Surface. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613570.

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Sikora, Todd D. Wind Direction Estimates from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery of the Sea Surface. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629930.

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Young, George S., and Todd D. Sikora. Wind Direction Estimates from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery of the Sea Surface. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630936.

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Getzlaff, Klaus. Simulated near-surface speed combined with ice cover from VIKING20X simulation. GEOMAR, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/iatlantic_viking20x_5day_2000_2009.

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