Academic literature on the topic 'Winds Jet stream Atmospheric circulation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Winds Jet stream Atmospheric circulation"
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Rao, V. V. M. Jagannadha, A. Narendra Babu, S. Vijaya Bhaskara Rao, and D. Narayana Rao. "Anomalous Wind Circulation Observed during 1997/98 El Niño Using Indian MST Radar." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 46, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2443.1.
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Abstract Unique facility of measuring vertical winds using Indian mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar along with horizontal winds enables the study of the atmospheric circulation over Gadanki, India. Several important features are noted while analyzing the wind field. A tropical easterly jet stream of 35 m s−1 strength is seen around 16 km during monsoon season. Relatively strong jetlike northward motion (southerlies) of 5–7 m s−1 is seen around 14 km during winter months. These two maxima in zonal and meridional wind patterns, even though they differ in strength greatly, occur in two contrasting seasons. Downward motion combined with upper-level northward and lower-level southward motion observed during winter in normal years indicates the signature of tropical Hadley circulation over the study region. During the 1997/98 El Niño event, however, an anomalous pattern of winds is seen and Hadley circulation is observed to be weakened.
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Miller, L. M., F. Gans, and A. Kleidon. "Jet stream wind power as a renewable energy resource: little power, big impacts." Earth System Dynamics 2, no. 2 (November 29, 2011): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-2-201-2011.
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Abstract. Jet streams are regions of sustained high wind speeds in the upper atmosphere and are seen by some as a substantial renewable energy resource. However, jet streams are nearly geostrophic flow, that is, they result from the balance between the pressure gradient and Coriolis force in the near absence of friction. Therefore, jet stream motion is associated with very small generation rates of kinetic energy to maintain the high wind velocities, and it is this generation rate that will ultimately limit the potential use of jet streams as a renewable energy resource. Here we estimate the maximum limit of jet stream wind power by considering extraction of kinetic energy as a term in the free energy balance of kinetic energy that describes the generation, depletion, and extraction of kinetic energy. We use this balance as the basis to quantify the maximum limit of how much kinetic energy can be extracted sustainably from the jet streams of the global atmosphere as well as the potential climatic impacts of its use. We first use a simple thought experiment of geostrophic flow to demonstrate why the high wind velocities of the jet streams are not associated with a high potential for renewable energy generation. We then use an atmospheric general circulation model to estimate that the maximum sustainable extraction from jet streams of the global atmosphere is about 7.5 TW. This estimate is about 200-times less than previous estimates and is due to the fact that the common expression for instantaneous wind power 12 ρv3 merely characterizes the transport of kinetic energy by the flow, but not the generation rate of kinetic energy. We also find that when maximum wind power is extracted from the jet streams, it results in significant climatic impacts due to a substantial increase of heat transport across the jet streams in the upper atmosphere. This results in upper atmospheric temperature differences of >20 °C, greater atmospheric stability, substantial reduction in synoptic activity, and substantial differences in surface climate. We conclude that jet stream wind power does not have the potential to become a significant source of renewable energy.
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Miller, L. M., F. Gans, and A. Kleidon. "Jet stream wind power as a renewable energy resource: little power, big impacts." Earth System Dynamics Discussions 2, no. 1 (June 17, 2011): 435–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-2-435-2011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Jet streams are regions of sustained high wind speeds in the upper atmosphere and are seen by some as a substantial renewable energy resource. However, jet streams are nearly geostrophic flow, that is, they result from the balance between the pressure gradient and Coriolis force in the near absence of friction. Therefore, jet stream motion is associated with very small generation rates of kinetic energy to maintain the high wind velocities, and it is this generation rate that will ultimately limit the potential use of jet streams as a renewable energy resource. Here we estimate the maximum limit of jet stream wind power by considering extraction of kinetic energy as a term in the free energy balance of kinetic energy that describes the generation, depletion, and extraction of kinetic energy. We use this balance as the basis to quantify the maximum limit of how much kinetic energy can be extracted sustainably from the jet streams of the global atmosphere as well as the potential climatic impacts of its use. We first use a simple thought experiment of geostrophic flow to demonstrate why the high wind velocities of the jet streams are not associated with a high potential for renewable energy generation. We then use an atmospheric general circulation model to estimate that the maximum sustainable extraction from jet streams of the global atmosphere is about 7.5 TW. This estimate is about 200-times less than previous estimates and is due to the fact that the common expression for instantaneous wind power &frac12 ρ v3 merely characterizes the transport of kinetic energy by the flow, but not the generation rate of kinetic energy. We also find that when maximum wind power is extracted from the jet streams, it results in significant climatic impacts due to a substantial increase of heat transport across the jet streams in the upper atmosphere. This results in upper atmospheric temperature differences of >20 °C, greater atmospheric stability, substantial reduction in synoptic activity, and substantial differences in surface climate. We conclude that jet stream wind power does not have the potential to become a significant source of renewable energy.
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Li, Haishan, Ke Fan, Zhiqing Xu, and Hua Li. "Modified Three-Dimensional Jet Indices and Their Application to East Asia." Atmosphere 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120776.
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A set of three-dimensional jet indices (jet speed index, jet pressure index, jet latitude index) has been proposed in previous literature to describe the variation of jet streams in both the horizontal and vertical direction. We refer to these indices at the ‘AC’ indices, after the names of the researchers involved. However, the physical meaning of the AC indices and the relationship between AC indices and climate systems are not fully understood. Further study is still needed for applying the indices in East Asia (70°–140° E). In this study, based on the understanding of the physical meaning of the AC indices, latitudinal ranges of East Asian jet streams are determined, and a set of modified AC indices is proposed. Based on the modified AC indices, the linear trends in East Asian jet streams are studied, and the relationship between East Asian jet streams and the climate is researched. The results show that the jet speed index corresponds to the meridional temperature gradient (MTG) of the middle to upper troposphere (500–200 hPa); the jet pressure index corresponds to the pressure level at which the MTG equals zero; and the jet latitude reflects the meridional MTG distribution. The latitudinal ranges of jet streams are determined based on the meridional profiles of climatological zonal-mean zonal winds. Within such a latitudinal range, the climatological zonal-mean zonal winds between 400 and 100 hPa are only westerly, and the maximum wind speed in the vertical direction at every latitude appears between 400 and 100 hPa. The jet streams can be further classified according to the features of the profiles. For East Asia (70°–140° E), jet streams can be classified into winter subtropical jet streams (15°–47.5° N), summer subtropical jet streams (27.5°–60° N), and summer polar front jet streams (60°–87.5° N). The classification of jet streams can be supported by their correspondence to the distribution of tropospheric baroclinicity. A set of modified AC indices can be acquired by using the new ranges of East Asian jet streams in the definition of the original AC indices. Descriptions of jet streams using the modified AC indices are more in accordance with the distributional features of the climatological zonal winds over East Asia, and the physical meanings of the modified AC indices are more definite than the original indices. Using the modified AC indices, we find a significant weakening trend in the strength of the summer subtropical jet stream (−0.13 m/s/10 yr) and a significant northward shift of the winter subtropical jet stream (0.22°/10 yr), and the possible reasons for these trends are studied. Finally, the relationships of East Asian jet streams in winter and summer with atmospheric circulation, temperature, and precipitation are also investigated in this study.
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Franzke, Christian, Tim Woollings, and Olivia Martius. "Persistent Circulation Regimes and Preferred Regime Transitions in the North Atlantic." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 12 (December 1, 2011): 2809–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-046.1.
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Abstract The persistent regime behavior of the eddy-driven jet stream over the North Atlantic is investigated. The North Atlantic jet stream variability is characterized by the latitude of the maximum lower tropospheric wind speed of the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data for the period 1 December 1957–28 February 2002. A hidden Markov model (HMM) analysis reveals that the jet stream exhibits three persistent regimes that correspond to northern, southern, and central jet states. The regime states are closely related to the North Atlantic Oscillation and the eastern Atlantic teleconnection pattern. The regime states are associated with distinct changes in the storm tracks and the frequency of occurrence of cyclonic and anticyclonic Rossby wave breaking. Three preferred regime transitions are identified, namely, southern to central jet, northern to southern jet, and central to northern jet. The preferred transitions can be interpreted as a preference for poleward propagation of the jet, but with the southern jet state entered via a dramatic shift from the northern state. Evidence is found that wave breaking is involved in two of the three preferred transitions (northern to southern jet and central to northern jet transitions). The predictability characteristics and the interannual variability in the frequency of occurrence of regimes are also discussed.
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Jung, Thomas, and Peter B. Rhines. "Greenland’s Pressure Drag and the Atlantic Storm Track." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 4004–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jas2216.1.
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Abstract Some effects of Greenland on the Northern Hemisphere wintertime circulation are discussed. Inviscid pressure drag on Greenland’s slopes, calculated from reanalysis data, is related to circulation patterns. Greenland lies north of the core of the tropospheric westerly winds. Yet strong standing waves, which extend well into the stratosphere, produce a trough/ridge system with jet stream lying close to Greenland, mean Icelandic low in its wake, and storm track that interacts strongly with its topography. In the lower troposphere, dynamic height anomalies associated with strongly easterly pressure drag on the atmosphere are quite localized in space and relatively short-lived compared to upper levels, yet they involve a hemispheric-scale dislocation of the stratospheric polar vortex. It is a two-scale problem, however; the high-pass time-filtered part of the height field, responsible for 73% of the pressure drag, is quite different, and expresses propagating cyclonic development in the Atlantic storm track. Eliassen–Palm flux (EP flux) analysis shows that the atmospheric response is (counterintuitively) an acceleration of the westerly winds. The hemispheric influence is consistent with the model results of Junge et al. suggesting that Greenland affects the stationary waves in winter. This discussion shows that Greenland is not a simple “stirring rod” in the westerly circulation, yet involvement of Greenland’s topography with the shape, form, and intensity of the storm track is strong. Interaction of traveling storms, the jet stream, and the orographic wake frequently leads to increase of the lateral scale such that cyclonic system expands to the size of Greenland itself (∼2500 km). Using the global ECMWF general circulation model, the authors explore the effect of model resolution on these circulations. Statistically, in two case studies, and in higher-resolution global models at TL255 to TL799 resolution, intense tip jet, hydraulic downslope jet, and gravity wave radiation appear in strong flow events, in accord with the work of Doyle and Shapiro. Three-dimensional particle trajectories and vorticity maps show the nature and intensity of the summit-gap flow. Cyclonic systems in the lee of Greenland are strongly affected by the downslope jet. Penetration of the Arctic Basin by cyclonic systems arises from this source region, and the amplitude of the pressure drag is enhanced at high resolution. At the higher resolutions, storm-track analysis verifies the splitting of the storm track by Greenland with a substantial minority of storms moving northward through Baffin Bay. Finally, analysis of 20 winters of 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) reforecasts shows little evidence that negative pressure-drag events are followed by anomalously large forecast errors over Europe, throughout the forecast. Forecast skill for the pressure drag is surprisingly good, with a correlation of 0.65 at 144 h.
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Luxford, Fay, and Tim Woollings. "A Simple Kinematic Source of Skewness in Atmospheric Flow Fields." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 578–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-089.1.
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Abstract Geopotential height fields exhibit a well-known pattern of skewness, with distributions that are positively skewed on the poleward side of the midlatitude jets/storm tracks and negatively skewed on the equatorward side. This pattern has often been interpreted as a signature of nonlinear dynamical features, such as blocking highs and cutoff lows, and there is renewed interest in the higher moments of flow variables as indicators of the nature of the underlying dynamics. However, this paper suggests that skewness can arise as a simple kinematic consequence of the presence of jet streams and so may not be a reliable indicator of nonlinear dynamical behavior. In support of this, reanalysis data are analyzed to demonstrate a close link between the jet streams and the skewness patterns. Further evidence is provided by a simple stochastic kinematic model of a jet stream as a Gaussian wind profile. The parameters of this model are fitted to data from the reanalysis and also from an aquaplanet general circulation model. The skewness of the model’s geopotential height and zonal wind fields are then compared to those of the original data. This shows that a fluctuating jet stream can produce patterns of skewness that are qualitatively similar to those observed, although the magnitude of the skewness is significantly overestimated by the kinematic model. These results suggest that this simple kinematic effect does contribute to the observed patterns of skewness but that other processes (such as nonlinear dynamics) likely also play a role.
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Tartaglione, N. "Temperature distribution and Hadley circulation in an axisymmetric model." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions 1, no. 2 (November 3, 2014): 1621–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npgd-1-1621-2014.
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Abstract. The impact of the temperature distribution on the Hadley circulation simulated by an axisymmetric model is studied. The temperature distributions that drive the model are modulated here by two parameters, n and k, the former controlling the horizontal broadness and the latter defining change in the vertical lapse rate. In the present study, the changes of the temperature distribution mimic changes of the energy input of the atmospheric system leaving as an invariant the equator-poles difference. Both equinoctial and time-dependent Hadley circulations are simulated and results compared. The results give evidence that concentrated temperature distributions enhance the meridional circulation and jet wind speed intensities even with a lower energy input. The meridional circulation and the subtropical jet stream widths are controlled by the broadness of horizontal temperature rather than the vertical lapse rate k, which is important only when the temperature distribution is concentrated at the equator. The jet stream position does not show any dependence with n and k, except when the temperature distribution is very wide and in such a case the jet is located at the mid-latitude. Using n = 2 and k = 1 we have the formulation of the potential temperature adopted in classical literature. A comparison with other works is performed and our results show that the model running in different configurations (equinoctial, solstitial and time-dependent) yields results similar to one another.
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Kidston, Joseph, D. M. W. Frierson, J. A. Renwick, and G. K. Vallis. "Observations, Simulations, and Dynamics of Jet Stream Variability and Annular Modes." Journal of Climate 23, no. 23 (December 1, 2010): 6186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3235.1.
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Abstract The characteristics of the dominant pattern of extratropical variability (the so-called annular modes) are examined in the context of the theory that eddy-driven jets are self-maintaining. It is shown that there is genuine hemispheric symmetry in the variation of the zonal wind in the Southern Hemisphere but not the Northern Hemisphere. The annular mode is shown to be baroclinic in nature; it is associated with changes in the baroclinic eddy source latitude, and the latitude of the eddy source region is organized by the mean flow. This behavior is expected if there is a baroclinic feedback that encourages the maximum baroclinic instability to be coincident with the maximum zonal wind speed, and discourages the meridional vacillation of the eddy-driven jet stream. It is shown that the strength of the thermally indirect circulation that gives rise to the baroclinic feedback appears to influence the time scale of the annular mode. When the thermally indirect circulation is stronger the annular mode has a longer e-folding time in a simplified GCM. Preliminary results indicate that the same dynamics are important in the real atmosphere.
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Lu, Bo-Yi, Pao-Shin Chu, Sung-Hun Kim, and Christina Karamperidou. "Hawaiian Regional Climate Variability during Two Types of El Niño." Journal of Climate 33, no. 22 (November 15, 2020): 9929–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0985.1.
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AbstractThe large-scale atmospheric circulation of the North Pacific associated with two types of El Niño—the eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP)—is studied in relation to Hawaiian winter (December–February) rainfall and temperature. The eastern and central equatorial Pacific undergo active convective heating during EP El Niño winters. The local Hadley circulation is enhanced and an upper-level westerly jet stream of the North Pacific is elongated eastward. Due to the impact of both phenomena, stronger anomalous descending motion, moisture flux divergence anomalies near Hawaii, and reduction of easterly trade winds, which are characteristic of EP winters, are unfavorable for winter rainfall in Hawaii. As a result of this robust signal, dry conditions prevail in Hawaii and the standard deviation of rainfall during EP winters is smaller than the climatology. For CP winters, the maximum equatorial ocean warming is weaker and shifted westward to near the date line. The subtropical jet stream retreats westward relative to EP winters and the anomalously sinking motion near Hawaii is variable and generally weaker. Although the anomalous moisture flux divergence still exists over the subtropical North Pacific, its magnitude is weaker relative to EP winters. Without strong external forcing, rainfall in the Hawaiian Islands during CP winters is close to the long-term mean. The spread of rainfall from one CP event to another is also larger. The near-surface minimum temperature from three stations in Hawaii reveals cooling during EP winters and slight warming during CP winters.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Winds Jet stream Atmospheric circulation"
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Koleiny, Ali Fox Neil I. "An investigation into the contribution of the low-level jet (LLJ) to the available wind resource in Missouri." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6574.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 18, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Neil I. Fox. Includes bibliographical references.
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Costa, Micejane da Silva. "Vórtice ciclônico em altos níveis associado à corrente de jato no nordeste brasileiro nos anos de 1998-2007." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/883.
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Connection between upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex (UTCV) and jet stream in the Northeastern region of Brazil (JSNEB) were analyzed for 10 years (1998-2007). These studies are necessary for short term weather forecasting improvement in the Alagoas State of Brazil. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction/ National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data were used for elaborate 200 hPa streamlines fields at 00:00 UTC. The 3.652 streamlines fields were analyzed. All events of UTCV with and without JSNEB were identified. During study period 214 UTCVs near NEB were observed and 147 of them above the Alagoas State. 63% UTCV events near Alagoas were associated with JSNEB. The durations of UTCVs and UTCV with JSNEB were on an average 3.8 and 3.0 days, respectively. The UTCVs were observed throughout the year, excluding July. UTCV with JSNEB were registered throughout the year except July and September and were stronger in the warm period (November - March). All JSNEB were weak, wind velocity at the nucleus center was at an average 32(verificar valor) ms-1 and value maximum reached 44m/s. The predominant velocity was 20-28ms-1 and was registered in 78% of events. The CJNEB direction from South, West, Nortwest and Southeast were observed more frequently. Three circulation pattern Zonal, Meridional and Transversal were obtained. For example, each circulation pattern was described in details. The precipitation in Alagoas State, associated with the Zonal, Meridional and Transversal events, were studied.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
A ligação entre os Vórtices Ciclônicos em Altos Nivéis (VCAN) e a Corrente de Jato na região Nordeste do Brasil (CJNEB) foram analisados por 10 anos (1998-2007). Estes estudos são necessários para a melhoria da previsão meteorológica de curto prazo no Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. O Centro Nacional de Previsão Ambiental / National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP / NCAR) , disponibiliza dados de reanálise para elaborar campos de linhas de corrente em conjunto com magnitude do vento em 200 hPa nos quatros horarios sinóticos (UTC). A analise foi feita em 3.652 campos que foram gerados respresentando os dias de cada ano. Todos os eventos de vórtices com e sem CJNEB foram identificados. Durante o período de estudo 214 VCAN próximo ao NEB foram observados e 147 deles acima do Estado de Alagoas. Em 63% dos eventos de VCAN próximo a Alagoas foram associados com CJNEB. As durações de VCAN e VCAN associado a CJNEB foram, em média, 3,8 e 3,0 dias, respectivamente. Os VCAN foram observados durante todo o ano, exceto em julho. O VCAN com CJNEB foram registrados durante todo o ano excluindo julho e setembro, e foram mais fortes do período mais quente (novembro-março). Todos CJNEB eram fracas, com velocidade do vento no centro do núcleo em média 32ms-1. E o valor máximo alcançou 44ms-1. A velocidade predominante foi entre 20 e 28ms-1 , e foi registrada em 78% dos eventos. A direção da CJNEB foram observados com maior frequência com sentidos de sul, oeste e sudeste. Três padrões de circulação zonal, meridional e transversal foram obtidos. Por exemplo, cada padrão de circulação foi descrito em detalhes. A precipitação no Estado de Alagoas, associada ao aos eventos de Padrão zonal, meridional e transversal, foram estudados.
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Huang, Huei-I. "The long-term variations of east Asia jet stream in the wintertime." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29007.
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Using rotated principal component analysis, 200mb wind data from
the First GARP Global Experiment are analyzed in the East Asia winter
monsoon region. It is found that there exist slowly eastward-moving
disturbances with a wind-speed maximum embedded in the jet stream
(jet streak). The implied vertical circulation that is transverse to
the jet streak is thermally direct in the entrance region of jet
streak and thermally indirect in the exit region.
The Lagrangian momentum equation for transient part of the flow
indicates that the magnitude of westerly acceleration of an air
parcel moving through the jet streak is related to the Coriolis
acceleration of the transient ageostrophic flow, the advection of
mean momentum by transient flow and momentum conversion between mean
and transient flow due to transient eddies. Estimates of terms in
this equation in the entrance region of jet streak suggest that the
increase of westerly momentum due to the Coriolis acceleration of the
ageostrophic flow is mostly balanced by the decrease due to the mean
easterly momentum advection by the transient jet-streak flow. Thus,
the confluence theory of Namias and Clapp (1949) appears to be valid
for the slowly moving jet streaks in the East Asia jet stream.Graduation date: 1989
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Mellado, Cano Javier. "Atmospheric circulation and climate of the Euro-Atlantic sector since 1685 based on new directional flow indices." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/42533.
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Knowledge of atmospheric circulation beyond the mid-18th century is hampered by the scarcity of instrumental records, particularly over the Ocean. In this regard, wind direction observations kept in ships’ logbooks are a consolidated but underexploited instrumental source of climatic information.
In this Thesis we present four monthly indices of wind persistence, one for each cardinal direction, based on daily wind direction observations taken aboard ships over the English Channel. These Directional Indices (DIs) are the longest observational record of atmospheric circulation to date, covering the 1685-2014 period. DIs anomalies are associated with near-surface climatic signals over large areas of Europe in all seasons, being excellent benchmarks for proxy calibrations.
DIs series are dominated by large interannual-to-interdecadal variability and provide all year-round observational evidences of atmospheric circulation responses to external forcings (tropical volcanic eruptions) or the role of the atmospheric circulation in anomalous periods such as the Late Maunder Minimum (LMM, 1675-1715). In both cases, the results emphasize complex patterns that are more heterogeneous than previously thought, with contrasting spatial signals in both circulation and temperature.
When considered together, DIs explain a considerable amount of European climate variability, improving that accounted for by single modes of variability. This allows us to yield the longest instrumental-based series of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and East Atlantic (EA). The results highlight the role of EA in shaping the North Atlantic action centers and the NAO’s European climate responses. Transitions in the NAO/EA phase space have been recurrent and explain non-stationary NAO signatures and anomalous periods. NAO and EA have additive effects on the jet speed but opposite impacts on the jet latitude, allowing us to derive the first instrumental reconstruction of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream for the last three centuries.
Books on the topic "Winds Jet stream Atmospheric circulation"
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Lin, Yuh-Lang. Meso-beta scale numerical simulation studies of terrain-induced jet streak mass/momentum perturbations: Final report. Raleigh, N.C: Dept. of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1995.
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Lin, Yuh-Lang. Meso-beta scale numerical simulation studies of terrain-induced jet streak mass/momentum perturbations: FY94 November annual report. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
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3
Huang, Huei-I. The long-term variations of east Asia jet stream in the wintertime. 1988.
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4
Huang, Huei-I. The long-term variations of east Asia jet stream in the wintertime. 1988.
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5
W, Thomson Dennis, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Final technical report for NASA grant no. NAG8-050 entitled Combined VHF doppler radar and airborne (CV-990) measurements of atmospheric winds on the mesoscale. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University, 1989.
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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Extended field observations of cirrus clouds using a ground-based cloud observing system: Final report, NASA grant NAG-1-1095, February 1, 1990-July 31, 1994. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
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Extended field observations of cirrus clouds using a ground-based cloud observing system: Final report, NASA grant NAG-1-1095, February 1, 1990-July 31, 1994. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
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Meso-beta scale numerical simulation studies of terrain-induced jet streak mass/momentum perturbations: Final report. Raleigh, N.C: Dept. of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1995.
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9
L, Kaplan Michael, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Meso-beta scale numerical simulation studies of terrain-induced jet streak mass/momentum perturbations: Final report. Raleigh, N.C: Dept. of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1995.
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L, Kaplan Michael, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Meso-beta scale numerical simulation studies of terrain-induced jet streak mass/momentum perturbations: FY94 November annual report. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Winds Jet stream Atmospheric circulation"
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Woollings, Tim. "Future." In Jet Stream, 173–84. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828518.003.0015.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides a brief introduction to how climate change is expected to affect the structure of the atmosphere. A key part of the story is that different parts of the atmosphere will warm at different rates, and the associated temperature contrasts will drive and interact with changes in the wind patterns. The focus is largely on hemispheric aspects such as the expansion of the tropics and general poleward shift of the jets, but some regional features are also discussed, such as the changes in Atlantic Ocean circulation which may prove especially important for Europe.
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Woollings, Tim. "Gulf." In Jet Stream, 123–36. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828518.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter focuses on the reasons for Europe’s mild winter climate, including discussion of the history and physics of the Gulf Stream and other ocean currents. The atmospheric jet stream plays a central role, however, in setting up prevailing winds which bring warm air from further south, as was first realised by James Glaisher in early adventurous balloon trips above Victorian England.