Journal articles: 'Wingolf'

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Hughes, Melanie M., Pamela Paxton, Sharon Quinsaat, and Nicholas Reith. "DOES THE GLOBAL NORTH STILL DOMINATE WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING? A NETWORK ANALYSIS FROM 1978 TO 2008*." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-23-1-1.

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Over the last century, women increasingly transcended national boundaries to exchange information, build solidarity, and bring change. Accounts suggest that as women's international presence expanded, the types of women who participated also shifted. During the first wave of women's movements, White Western women dominated, but over time women of the Global South increasingly organized themselves. Yet we do not know whether North-South inequalities in women's organizational membership have diminished. We collect longitudinal network data on 447 women's international nongovernmental organizations (WINGOs) and use visual tools and network measures to explore changes in the network structure from 1978 to 2008. Results suggest (1) WINGOs—while increasing in frequency—are not connecting to greater numbers of countries, (2) the North/South split in WINGO memberships does not change over time, (3) significant power differences between the North and South persist, and (4) substantial inequalities in WINGO memberships within the Global South also exist.

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Kiss, M., J. Nicolaï, JJMW van den Heuvel, R. Mbasu, SM Botden, JB Koenderink, FGM Russel, A.-L. Ungell, and SN de Wildt. "P51 A combined experimental approach to assess intestinal drug absorption in early childhood." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 6 (May 17, 2019): e38.1-e38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-esdppp.89.

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BackgroundDrug transporters and metabolizing enzymes located in the epithelial lining of the intestine limit or enhance systemic drug exposure. During child development, the abundance and activity of these transporters and enzymes - determining how fast and how much of a drug is being absorbed into the circulation - changes from birth to adolescence. As most drugs given to children are taken by mouth, the aim of this project is to study the abundance and activity of transporters and metabolizing enzymes, involved in the intestinal absorption of drugs.MethodsThe ex vivo Ussing chamber with pediatric small intestinal tissue is applied to evaluate intestinal drug absorption and metabolism.1 Transport and metabolism of a selection of drug molecules is assessed across these tissues by sampling the donor and receiver compartment at different intervals and sample analysis by LC-MS/MS. Viability, functionality and integrity of the tissues are monitored using electrophysiological parameters (dP, R, I). Ussing chamber experiments are combined with a targeted proteomics approach to quantify drug transporter and metabolizing enzyme abundance in these tissues.ResultsAn Using chamber method has been successfully set up using both adult and pediatric intestinal tissue. To date samples from three children of different ages have been evaluated and show promising results. Tissue from the same patients has been stored for proteomics analysis.ConclusionThe Ussing method presents an innovative, feasible approach to study active intestinal transport in children. Further studies are now underway to elucidate age-related variation in intestinal transport and metabolism.ReferenceSjöberg Å, Lutz M, Tannergren C, Wingolf C, Borde A, Ungell AL:Comprehensive study on regional human intestinal permeability and prediction of fraction absorbed of drugs using the Ussing chamber technique. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013 Jan 23;48(1–2):166–80.Disclosure(s)The collaboration project is financed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs by means of the PPP Allowance made available by the Top Sector Life Sciences & Health to stimulate public-private partnerships. Johan Nicolaï, Richard Mbasu and Anna-Lena Ungell are employees of UCB Biopharma SPRL.

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Blum, Lawrence. "Best traditions patriotism." Theory and Research in Education 5, no. 1 (March 2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878507073612.

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Ben-Porath sees patriotism as involving attachment to fellow citizens as part of a shared fate community. Wingo places shared values at the center of patriotism. Miller argues that political ties to fellow nationals stemming from participation in imposing laws and policies on them will also generate obligations to non-nationals (especially the poor of many other nations). But he sees patriotism as involving a deeper love of one's nation that carries with it epistemic and moral distortions of the actual operations of one's nation, and for this reason rejects patriotism. I propose an alternative conception of patriotism (though consistent with Ben-Porath's and Wingo's) whose content is the ‘best traditions’ of one's nation (liberty, equality, appropriate separation of powers, for example).This does not require expecting one's nation actually to live up to those traditions at any given time, thus protecting against wish-induced distortions of the historical and contemporary record. Best traditions patriotism would enable teachers to be patriotic without supporting a given current regime,and would support critical thinking and other educationally beneficial goals. Wingo fails to recognize how universal values can be combined with particularistic understandings. Ben-Porath fails to provide strong enough democratic conditions on the nation to support her view that patriotism is generally a virtue.

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Adams, Jonathan. "Obituary: Allan, ‘Smokey’ Wingood." Journal of Maritime Archaeology 2, no. 1 (June 26, 2007): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11457-007-9017-3.

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Chippendale, G. Michael, and Charles O. Knowles. "Curtis W. Wingo." American Entomologist 43, no. 4 (1997): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ae/43.4.253a.

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Wingood, Gina M., and Ralph J. DiClemente. "Wingood and DiClemente Respond: Unanswered Questions Remain." American Journal of Public Health 88, no. 8 (August 1998): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.88.8.1268.

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Junaidin, Buyung. "NUMERICAL SIMULATIONOF FLEXIBLE WINGOF HALE UAV USING TWO-WAY FLUID STRUCTURE INTERACTION METHOD." Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi 9, no. 1 (August 22, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/angkasa.v9i1.108.

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This paper describes numerical simulation o f flexible High Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (HALE UAV)wingusing two-way fluid structure interaction (FSI) method. The HALE wing is designed with high aspect ratio. This configuration intended to reduce the vehicle induced drag and reduces the lift-loss at wingtip which caused by wingtip vortex. But the structure of the wing itself becomes more elastic that be able to give large deformation when the aerodynamic loads applied. This deformation changes the aerodynamic loads distribution on the wing that gives a new deformation to the wing structure and vice versa. This interaction in a couple process called as fluid structure interaction (FSI). ANSYS 15.0 software was used to simulate fluid structure interaction on the wing. The unsteadiness and viscous flows at low speed are evaluated using the solution o f timedependent Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) with SST k-rn turbulent model. In addition, multiblock structured grids are generated to provide more accurate viscous result and to anticipate negative volume o f the mesh which may occur due to the deformation o f the wing during simulation. Five different o f simulations are performed with variation o f material characteristics including Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio.The results are global aerodynamic characteristics at various material characteristics.

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Kim, Jessica. "The Diffusion of International Women’s Rights Norms to Individual Attitudes." Sociology of Development 6, no. 4 (2020): 459–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2020.6.4.459.

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Although existing studies of international women’s rights norm diffusion demonstrate the importance of international linkages for fostering change, few examine their influence on individual attitudes. Of those that do, none consider how ties to different world cultural domains—world polity vs. world society—impact this process, despite their divergent roots. Whereas world polity via CEDAW facilitates diffusion by holding states accountable, world society via women’s international NGOs (WINGOs) appeals to citizens by encouraging activism and awareness. Focusing on trends in developing nations, which remain underexamined but theoretically relevant, I assess the unique effect of each on diffusion to attitudes. I further expand the literature to examine the direct and interactive effects of national-level compliance (quotas) on this process. Using a multilevel analysis of World Values Survey data from 31 developing nations, I demonstrate that the duration of CEDAW ratification (world polity) and nationally mandated legislative quotas (national-level compliance) directly facilitate this diffusion, but WINGOs (world society) alone do not. Yet, where quotas exist and global ties are sufficient, WINGOs become significant, and CEDAW’s effectiveness increases. These results suggest that world polity and world society are both salient for diffusion to attitudes but should be considered separately and in conjunction with national-level outcomes that moderate their effects.

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Silva, Ximena, Jolanda Roux, and Fred O. Asiegbu. "Diseases of Eucalypts in Paraguay and First Report of Teratosphaeria zuluensis from South America." Forests 11, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11101035.

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Background and objectives: The global forest economy is threatened by eucalypt pathogens which are often latent or cryptic species that escape common quarantine and detection methods. Plantation forestry using eucalypts is of considerable importance to Paraguay, but knowledge regarding the pests and diseases affecting these plantations is limited. This study identified fungal diseases present in these plantations. Materials and Methods: We surveyed eucalypt plantations in four provinces in Paraguay and collected material from diseased trees for identification of the causal agents. The samples were analyzed using a combination of morphological and molecular methods. Results: Diseases encountered included Botryosphaeria stem canker, Calonectria leaf blight, Chrysoporthe stem canker, myrtle/eucalypt rust, Coniella leaf spot, heartwood rot and Teratosphaeria stem canker. Contrary to expectations, the causal agent of Teratosphaeria stem canker was identified as Teratosphaeria zuluensis (M.J. Wingf., Crous & T.A. Cout.) M.J. Wingf. & Crous and not Teratosphaeria gauchensis (M.-N. Cortinas, Crous & M.J. Wingf.) M.J. Wingf. & Crous, that is commonly documented for the South American region. Conclusions: This study updates the knowledge on forest fungal pathogens in Paraguayan eucalypt plantations and is the first report of T. zuluensis in Paraguay and in South America.

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Brosio, Richard A. "Eulogy for Professor G. Max Wingo." Educational Studies 33, no. 3 (September 2002): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326993es3303_06.

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Schmidt, Dennis. "Ministerial Tax Issues: On Wingo and a Prayer." ATA Journal of Legal Tax Research 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 78–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jltr.2008.6.1.78.

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Special tax provisions apply to individuals who qualify as “ministers.” For example, they are allowed to exclude certain housing allowances from gross income and are exempt from federal tax withholdings. Most ministers are classified as employees, yet courts have also held some of them to be independent contractors. Minister-employees have a dual tax status. They are considered employees for income reporting, fringe benefit, and expense deducting purposes but are treated as self-employed persons for social security purposes. Because of their intricacies and material financial impact, special provisions that apply to ministers demand thorough legal analysis and careful tax planning. This article analyzes several key tax issues that confront ministers and provides a variety of tax planning ideas.

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Hausner, G., M. Iranpour, J. J. Kim, C. Breuil, C. N. Davis, E. A. Gibb, J. Reid, P. C. Loewen, and A. A. Hopkin. "Fungi vectored by the introduced bark beetle Tomicus piniperda in Ontario, Canada, and comments on the taxonomy of Leptographium lundbergii, Leptographium terebrantis, Leptographium truncatum, and Leptographium wingfieldii." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 10 (October 2005): 1222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-095.

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Fungi isolated from Tomicus piniperda (L.) galleries in infected trap logs, standing trees, and directly from insects were identified using morphological features and molecular data obtained from the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA region. Identified strains represented Leptographium wingfieldii Morelet, Leptographium procerum (Kendr.) Wingf., Leptographium lundbergii Lag. & Melin sensu Jacobs & Wingfield, Ophiostoma ips (Rumb.) Nannf., Ophiostoma minus (Hedg.) H. & P. Syd., and Sphaeropsis sapinea sensu lato. Leptographium wingfieldii is believed to be a potentially pathogenic introduced fungus, but sequence data suggest a possible connection between it and the teleomorph of Ophiostoma aureum (Robinson-Jeffrey & Davids.) T.C. Harrington (reported from British Columbia and the western United States). Our data also show that the ex-type culture of Leptographium terebrantis Barras & Perry, a species very similar morphologically to L. wingfieldii, also grouped with L. wingfieldii. We also identified strains of Leptographium truncatum (Wingf. & Marasas) Wingf.; this species has been synonymized with L. lundbergii, but our data indicate that these are distinct species, and therefore, the name L. truncatum should be reinstated. We also report the extended presence of L. procerum in Ontario. Previously viewed as a “southern” species frequently associated with pine-root decline diseases, it has been infrequently reported from New York state and but once each from Ontario and Quebec.

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Jankowiak, Robert. "Assessing the virulence of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with the pine-infesting weevils to scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings." Acta Agrobotanica 66, no. 2 (2013): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2013.026.

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The pine-infesting weevils are known to be effective vectors of ophiostomatoid fungi. To understand more about fungal virulence of these fungi, inoculation studies were conducted on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Two-year-old seedlings were wound-inoculated with one of eleven ophiostomatoid fungi associated with pine-infesting weevils. After 11 weeks, a darkened lesion, extending from the point of inoculation, was observed in all species, except for Ophiostoma cf. abietinum Marm. & Butin, Ophiostoma quercus (Georgev.) Nannf., and Sporothrix inflata de Hoog. Seedling mortality was observed in seedlings inoculated with Leptographium truncatum (M.J. Wingf. & Marasas) M.J. Wingf., Leptographium lundbergii Lagerb. & Melin, Leptographium procerum (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf., Grosmannia radiaticola (J.J. Kim, Seifert & G.H. Kim) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf., Ophiostoma floccosum Math.-Käärik, Ophiostoma minus (Hedgc.) Syd. & P. Syd., and Ophiostoma piliferum (Fr.) Syd. & P. Syd. Ophiostoma minus and L. truncatum caused the largest lesions and sapwood blue-stain in Scots pine. Grosmannia radiaticola, Ophiostoma piceae (Münch) Syd. & P. Syd., O. floccosum, O. piliferum, L. lundbergii,and L. procerum produced significantly smaller lesions and sapwood blue-stain than O. minus and L. truncatum, while O. cf. abietinum, O. quercus and S. inflata did not cause any lesions.

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Meyer, Michael C., Robert Faber, and Christoph Spötl. "The WinGeol Lamination Tool: new software for rapid, semi-automated analysis of laminated climate archives." Holocene 16, no. 5 (July 2006): 753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0959683606hl969rr.

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Chalker, Rebecca. "Handbook of Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health, edited by Gina M. Wingood and Ralph J. DiClemente." Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 30, no. 1 (January 2004): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713776062.

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Sinaga, Rosmaida, Flores Tanjung, and Yuri Nasution. "Local Wisdom and National Integration in Indonesia: A Case Study of Inter-Religious Harmony amid Social and Political Upheaval in Bunga Bondar, South Tapanuli." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 3, no. 1 (July 16, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v3i1.4482.

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This study emphasizes on inter-religious affairs happened in Bunga Bondar, South Tapanuli began to experience turmoil when thenational movement era started in 1908 and itstillhappens to present-day. The Dutch colonial government advocated for inter-religiousharmony at a local level. The policy was pursued by the the Dutch colonial government out offear that the Indonesian people would developa sense of unity and fraternityamong them, thereby intensifying thespirit of nationalism. The Dutch government’s concern eventuallycame true when the power of the Christian wingof the national movement cooperated with itsIslamic counterpart. Along with the political upheavalsand social changes experienced by the Indonesian people, the harmony between religious groups in various regions was affected. Despite migration, changes of central and local leadership, and the flow of modernization that took place, the dynamics of inter-religious harmony of the 1930s are still present today.The tradition, the spirit of harmony, leadership models, and the application of local wisdom are all the key to the survival of inter-religious harmony in Bunga Bondar, South Tapanuli, as findings in research that can be used as a guide or model to build national integrity.

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Free, David. "In the News." College & Research Libraries News 79, no. 7 (July 5, 2018): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.7.345.

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Welcome to the July/August 2018 issue of C&RL News. Last fall, the Macalester College Library’s feline fan Max the Cat was all the rage online for his persistent attempts to hang out in his favorite building. Rebecca S. Wingo, Alexis Logsdon, and Christopher Schommer reflect on Max’s fame and provide some great insights on copyright learned from their experience “Going viral.”

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Solvang, Trond. "Sensur av ansvarsfraskrivelser – Har prinsippet i Wingull-dommen (ND 1979 s. 231) satt spor etter seg?" Lov og Rett 48, no. 01 (January 15, 2009): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1504-3061-2009-01-03.

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Adams, A. S., C. R. Currie, Y. Cardoza, K. D. Klepzig, and K. F. Raffa. "Effects of symbiotic bacteria and tree chemistry on the growth and reproduction of bark beetle fungal symbionts." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39, no. 6 (June 2009): 1133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x09-034.

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Bark beetles are associated with diverse assemblages of microorganisms, many of which affect their interactions with host plants and natural enemies. We tested how bacterial associates of three bark beetles with various types of host relationships affect growth and reproduction of their symbiotic fungi. Fungi were exposed to volatiles from bacteria in an arena that imposed physical separation but shared airspace. We also exposed fungi to vapors of the host compound, α-pinene, and to combinations of bacterial volatiles and α-pinene. Bacterial volatiles commonly stimulated growth of Leptographium procerum (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf. and Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & Wingf., which are symbiotic fungi of Dendroctonus valens LeConte and Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, respectively. They less commonly stimulated growth of Ophiostoma ips (Rumbold) Nannf., which is associated with Ips grandicollis Eichhoff. Some bacteria inhibited L. procerum, Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) von Arx (another associate of D. ponderosae), and O. ips. Bacteria greatly stimulated spore production of symbionts of D. valens and D. ponderosae. α-Pinene strongly affected some of these relationships, causing amplification, reduction, or reversal of the interactions among the bacteria and fungi. Our results show that some bacteria associated with bark beetles directly affect fungal symbionts and interact with tree chemistry to affect fungal growth and sporulation. The strongest effects were induced by bacteria associated with beetles adapted to attacking living trees with vigorous defenses, and on fungal reproductive structures.

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Levy, Gabriel. "Camille Wingo, Pictures Making Beliefs: A Cognitive Technological Model for Ritual Efficacy." Journal of Cognitive Historiography 4, no. 1 (September 13, 2017): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jch.34683.

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Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, Leonor Costa Maia, and Luís Fernando Pascholati Gusmão. "Novos registros de Hyphomycetes decompositores para o Estado da Bahia, Brasil." Acta Botanica Brasilica 23, no. 2 (June 2009): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062009000200004.

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Folhas mortas de Clusia melchiorii Gleason e C. nemorosa G. Mey. foram coletadas bimestralmente na Serra da Jibóia, Bahia, no período de outubro/2005 a junho/2006. As folhas foram lavadas em água corrente e mantidas em câmara-úmida durante 30 dias. As estruturas fúngicas foram coletadas e montadas em lâminas permanentes. São apresentadas descrições e ilustrações de sete novos registros de Hyphomycetes para o Estado da Bahia [Beltrania querna Harkn., Clonostachys compactiuscula (Sacc.) D. Hawksw. & W. Gams, Dictyosporium elegans Corda, Gyrothrix verticiclada (Goid.) S. Hughes & Piroz., Pseudobotrytis terrestris (Timonin) Subram., Sporendocladia bactrospora (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf. e Stachybotrys parvispora S. Hughes].

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Lévieux, J., D. Piou, P. Cassier, M. André, and D. Guillaumin. "ASSOCIATION OF PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI FOR THE SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) WITH THE EUROPEAN PINE WEEVIL HYLOBIUS ABIETIS (L.) (COL. CURCULIONIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 4 (August 1994): 929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent126929-4.

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AbstractIn 1989 and 1990, the contamination rate of the European pine weevil Hylobius abietis (L.) by several pathogenic fungi for the Scots pine was measured [Leptographium procerum (Kendrick) Wingf. — 45% of the specimens; Pachnodium canum (Upadh. and Kendr.) — 14%; or Ophiostoma piliferum (Fries) H. and P. Syd — 3% (Piou 1993)]. To understand the processes of transportation, a detailed study was conducted by scanning electron microscopy. Several types of spores vectored are found mainly in the thoracic cuticular rounded wells located near the sensorial setae. These wells are connected with an epidermal glandular apparatus whose ultrastructural description is given. We question the origin and composition of these secretions which are believed to protect the spores and contribute to the infection process.

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Foster, Ann-Marie. "Rebecca S. Wingo, Jason Heppler and Paul Schadewald (eds), Digital Community Engagement: Partnering Communities with the Academy." Public History Review 27 (September 15, 2020): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v27i0.7427.

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Paredes-Díaz, Esther, Jesús Jasso-Mata, Javier López-Upton, and Dionicio Alvarado-Rosales. "Chrysoporthe cubensis (Bruner) Gryzenhout & M.J. Wingf. EN PLANTACIONES DE Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden EN OAXACA." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v1i2.639.

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Eucalyptus grandis es afectado por Chrysoporthe cubensis, hongo causante de cancro en el tallo, que merma la calidad de la madera. A pesar de ello la especie se utiliza en plantaciones comerciales, establecidas en ambientes tropicales. Se delimitaron tres sitios de muestreo de 25 x 25 m en plantaciones de seis años localizadas en el municipio Santiago Yaveo, Oax. Los árboles fueron medidos en diámetro a 1.3 m de altura (DAP) y altura total (AT). Además se registró la ausencia o presencia, así como la severidad de la enfermedad, para estudiar su relación con el DAP y AT. Se recolectaron muestras de corteza de 10 x 10 cm en árboles con hundimiento del tejido maderable (cancro), fisura de la corteza o indicios que mostraban las fases de reproducción del hongo. Se encontraron signos y síntomas de la enfermedad en 43.6% de los individuos, los cuales eran imperceptibles en 21.8%. La infección presentó una relación directa con el DAP, así los árboles de mayor diámetro fueron más afectados. No hubo una relación del patógeno con la altura. Se determinaron las fases sexual y asexual del hongo, lo que puede incrementar su variación genética. El exceso de humedad y la fácil diseminación del patógeno dificultan su control. Se sugiere la eliminación de la vegetación del sotobosque.

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Li, Brad. "Brooks C. Wingo: researchers have to learn from the setbacks, adapt the plan, and don’t give up!" mHealth 4 (November 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/mhealth.2018.10.04.

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Husa, Andrew. "Homesteading the Plains: Toward a New History by Richard Edwards, Jacob K. Friefeld, and Rebecca S. Wingo." Great Plains Quarterly 38, no. 2 (2018): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gpq.2018.0034.

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Carroll, Mark M. "Homesteading the Plains: Toward a New History. By Richard Edwards, Jacob K. Friefeld, and Rebecca S. Wingo." Western Historical Quarterly 49, no. 3 (2018): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/whq/why062.

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Otterstrom, Samuel. "Homesteading the Plains: Toward a New History by Richard Edwards, Jacob K. Friefeld, and Rebecca S. Wingo." Historical Geography 46, no. 1 (2018): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2018.0017.

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Adams, A. S., and D. L. Six. "Detection of host habitat by parasitoids using cues associated with mycangial fungi of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae." Canadian Entomologist 140, no. 1 (February 2008): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n07-018.

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AbstractCues used by parasitoids to detect habitat of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were investigated by observing parasitoid attraction to logs infested with D. ponderosae, logs inoculated with one or both of the symbiotic fungi of D. ponderosae (Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf. (Ophiostomataceae) and Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) Arx (Ophiostomataceae)), logs containing no beetles or fungi, or empty screen cylinders. Captures of Heydenia unica Cook and Davis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Rhopalicus pulchripennis (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on logs with both G. clavigera and O. montium were greater than those from control treatments. These results suggest that characteristics of tree tissues simultaneously colonized by the two symbiotic fungi facilitate a detectable change in the volatile compounds released from D. ponderosae-attacked trees that may be used by parasitoids to locate hosts.

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Brooks, Brian P. "A New Speedy Trial Standard for Barker v Wingo: Reviving a Constitutional Remedy in an Age of Statutes." University of Chicago Law Review 61, no. 2 (1994): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1600046.

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Isern, Thomas D. "Homesteading the Plains: Toward a New History ed. by Richard Edwards, Jacob K. Friefeld, and Rebecca S. Wingo." Middle West Review 5, no. 2 (2019): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mwr.2019.0034.

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Hausner, Georg, James Reid, and Glen R. Klassen. "On the phylogeny of members of Ceratocystis s.s. and Ophiostoma that possess different anamorphic states, with emphasis on the anamorph genus Leptographium, based on partial ribosomal DNA sequences." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 903–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-068.

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Phylogenetic analysis of partial ribosomal DNA sequences was undertaken to assess the phylogenetic distribution of ophiostomatoid anamorphs with an emphasis on members of Leptographium and the generic limits of Ceratocystis sensu lato Ell. & Halst. Molecular data identified one group of Ophiostoma species with anamorphs assignable to Pesotum and Leptographium that appears to be monophyletic. This study also showed that, based on molecular characters, Pesotum pini (Hutchison & Reid) Okada and all Leptographium strains tested, including L. terebrantis Barras & Perry, L. lundbergii Lag. & Melin, and L. procerum (Kendr.) Wingf., could be placed among Ophiostoma species. With regard to the anamorphs of Ophiostoma, we determined that the separation of Leptographium from Pesotum, although convenient, is artificial. The partial ribosomal DNA sequences also confirm that Europhium should be considered a synonym of Ophiostoma. The phylogenetic position of species of Ceratocystis sensu lato with Chalara-like, Knoxdaviesia, and Gabarnaudia anamorphs is also discussed.Key words: Ceratocystis, Ophiostoma, Leptographium, partial rDNA sequences, phylogeny.

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Nevill, R. J., and S. A. Alexander. "Pathogenicity of three fungal associates of Hylobiuspales and Pissodesnemorensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to eastern white pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 9 (September 1, 1992): 1438–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-193.

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The pathogenicity of three fungal associates of the pine reproduction weevils, Hylobiuspales (Hbst) and Pissodesnemorensis Germar, to eastern white pine (Pinusstrobus L.) was investigated. Three-year-old eastern white pine seedlings were inoculated with isolates of Leptographiumprocerum (Kendr.) Wingf., Ophiostomapiceae (Munch) Sydow & Sydow, or a Graphium species that produced no perfect state. The inoculations were made by wounding the seedlings and inserting a block of malt extract agar colonized by the respective fungi into the wounds. After 3 months, the wounds of seedlings inoculated with L. procerum were resinous and there were significantly longer lesions in the bark and sapwood than in seedlings inoculated with the other fungi. Based on reisolation from the xylem, both L. procerum and O. piceae colonized the sapwood beyond lesions or any visual discoloration, but the Graphium species did not. These results confirm the pathogenicity of L. procerum and O. piceae and suggests that lesion length alone does not fully characterize colonization by some blue stain fungi.

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Piou, D. "Rôle d'Hylobius abietis (L) (Col, Curculionidae) dans le transport de Leptographium procerum (Kendr) Wingf et son inoculation au pin sylvestre." Annales des Sciences Forestières 50, no. 3 (1993): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19930306.

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Cantwell, Christopher D. "Review: Digital Community Engagement: Partnering Communities with the Academy, edited by Rebecca S. Wingo, Jason A. Heppler, and Paul Schadewald." Public Historian 43, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2021.43.3.125.

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Zurn, Christopher F. "Book ReviewsAjume H. Wingo, Veil Politics in Liberal Democratic States.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. 162. $55.00 (cloth); $22.00 (paper)." Ethics 118, no. 2 (January 2008): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/523748.

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Stewart, Jane E., Franklin L. Harris, Kristen Otto, and Thomas Seth Davis. "Responses of Engelmann spruce to inoculation with Leptographium abietinum, a symbiotic fungus of the North American spruce beetle." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 5 (May 2020): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0362.

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Symbiotic fungi associated with tree-killing bark beetles can alter host-tree physiology with consequences for tree survival, and symbiont genetic variation and environmental variability may impact these interactions. Here, we test whether multiple genetically distinct isolates of a symbiotic fungus (Leptographium abietinum (Peck) M.J. Wingf.) associated with North American spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby, 1837)) vary in their ability to manifest defensive responses consistent with disease symptoms in seedlings of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.), a primary host-tree species for the beetle–fungus complex in North America. Our experiments incorporate variation in both host-tree water availability and host defenses (phloem monoterpene concentration). Three central findings emerged: (i) isolates varied considerably in their effects on host trees — inoculation with L. abietinum isolates from Colorado caused significantly larger phloem lesions than isolates from Wyoming, though all isolates caused phloem oxidation; (ii) neither water availability nor spruce phloem monoterpene concentrations impacted lesion formation; and (iii) both inoculation with L. abietinum and water deficit inhibited the formation of callus tissue at wound sites. We conclude that L. abietinum isolates vary in their virulence and that inoculation is not lethal but may benefit beetles by altering tree defensive responses.

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Schweigkofler, Wolfgang, William J. Otrosina, Sheri L. Smith, Daniel R. Cluck, Kevin Maeda, Kabir G. Peay, and Matteo Garbelotto. "Detection and quantification of Leptographium wageneri, the cause of black-stain root disease, from bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Northern California using regular and real-time PCR." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 1798–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-077.

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Black-stain root disease is a threat to conifer forests in western North America. The disease is caused by the ophiostomatoid fungus Leptographium wageneri (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf., which is associated with a number of bark beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and weevil species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). We developed a polymerase chain reaction test to identify and quantify fungal DNA directly from insects. Leptographium wageneri DNA was detected on 142 of 384 bark beetle samples (37%) collected in Lassen National Forest, in northeastern California, during the years 2001 and 2002. Hylastes macer (LeConte) was the bark beetle species from which Leptographium DNA was amplified most regularly (2001: 63.4%, 2002: 75.0% of samples). Lower insectfungus association rates were found for Hylurgops porosus (LeConte), Hylurgops subcostulatus (Mannerheim), Hylastes gracilis (LeConte), Hylastes longicollis (Swaine), Dendroctonus valens (LeConte), and Ips pini (Say). The spore load per beetle ranged from 0 to over 1 × 105 spores, with only a few beetles carrying more than 1 × 103 spores. The technique permits the processing of a large number of samples synchronously, as required for epidemiological studies, to study infection rates in bark beetle populations and to identify potential insect vectors.

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Nevill, R. J., and S. A. Alexander. "Root- and stem-colonizing insects recovered from eastern white pines with procerum root disease." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 11 (November 1, 1992): 1712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-225.

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In 1988, eastern white pines (Pinusstrobus L.) from four southwestern Virginia Christmas tree plantations symptomatic of infection by Leptographiumprocerum (Kendr.) Wingf. were assigned to one of four symptom categories based on crown color and resin exudation at the root collar. A fifth category was added in 1989 and 1990. From each plantation, the root system and the lower stem of one tree in each symptom class was excavated monthly and examined for fungi and insects from June to September in 1988 and 1989 and from April to September in 1990. Larvae of two weevil species, Hylobiuspales (Herbst) and Pissodesnemorensis Germ., were recovered with L. procerum from 23, 17, and 21% of the trees in all symptom classes in 1988, 1989, and 1990, respectively. Pre-emergent adults of both weevil species contaminated with L. procerum were also recovered from excavated stems. Bark beetle genera (family Scolytidae), including Pityogenes, Xyleborus, Orthotomicus, Ips, and Pityophthorus, were recovered with L. procerum from 10, 11, and 8% of diseased trees with advanced symptoms in 1988, 1989, and 1990, respectively. The association of these insects, especially H. pales and P. nemorensis, with L. procerum throughout the decline of the host adds further evidence that they may act as vectors of the fungus.

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Peery, Rhiannon M., Chandra H. McAllister, Catherine I. Cullingham, Elizabeth L. Mahon, Adriana Arango-Velez, and Janice E. K. Cooke. "Comparative genomics of the chitinase gene family in lodgepole and jack pines: contrasting responses to biotic threats and landscape level investigation of genetic differentiation." Botany 99, no. 6 (June 2021): 355–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2020-0125.

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The sister species, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb), face pressures from a multitude of biotic agents, including mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, 1902) and their pathogenic fungal associates (e.g., Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf.), mistletoe (Arceuthobium americanum Nutt. ex A.Gray), and the pathogen causing western gall rust (Cronartium harknessii E. Meinecke). Here, we report new stem tissue transcriptome resources developed for lodgepole and jack pines subjected to these biotic stresses. The annotated transcriptomes were compared to determine species-specific responses to the necrotrophic G. clavigera and the biotrophic Cronartium harknessii. We focused on chitinases, a family that includes members with well-documented roles in defense. Putative chitinase family members were identified via annotation, sequence similarity to reference chitinase genes, phylogenetic analyses, and in silico motif characterization. RNA-Seq revealed marked differences in the responses of lodgepole and jack pine chitinases to G. clavigera and Cronartium harknessii. The potential for adaptive variation in chitinases was investigated by assessing the level of genetic differentiation between and within lodgepole and jack pines using single nucleotide polymorphisms within chitinases. These analyses illustrate the potential of combining transcriptomic and genotyping resources to investigate genotype–phenotype correlations for non-model species.

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Cranston, P. S., and D. R. Oliver. "ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE NEARCTIC ORTHOCLADIINAE (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 120, no. 5 (May 1988): 425–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent120425-5.

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AbstractFive new species, Apometriocnemus beringensis, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) bifurcatus, Doithrix dillonae, Hydrobaenus piloculus, and Paratrissocladius lawrencensis, are described. The following new combinations are established: Bryophaenocladius astis (Roback 1951b); Compterosmittia nerius (Curran 1930); Parakiefferiella subaterrima (Malloch 1915); Paratrichocladius nitidus (Malloch 1915); Pseudosmittia nanseni (Kieffer 1926); and Zalutschia sivertseni (Aagard 1979). New genus name synonymies are Maricladius Sublette, 1970 with Parakiefferiella Thienemann, 1936; and Prosmittia Brundin, 1956 with Pseudosmittia Goetghebuer, 1932. New species name synonymies are Spaniotoma (Trichocladius) senex Johannsen, 1937 with Trichocladius nitidellus Malloch, 1915 (= Acricotopus nitidellus); Hydrobaenus traenis Roback, 1957b with Hydrobaenus astis Roback, 1957b (= Bryophaenocladius astis); Compterosmittia clavigera Saether, 1982 with Camptocladius nerius Curran, 1930 (= Compterosmittia nerius); Cricotopus flannagani Saether, 1971 with Cricotopus macraei Saether, 1971; Gymnometriocnemus marionensis Saether, 1969 with Metriocnemus subnudus Edwards, 1929 (= Gymnometriocnemus (Gymnometriocnemus) subnudus); Gymnometriocnemus (Raphidocladius) acigus Saether, 1983 with Metriocnemus brumalis Edwards, 1929 (= Gymnometriocnemus (Raphidocladius) brumalis); Limnophyes spatulosus Saether, 1975 with Limnophyes borealis Goetghebuer, 1933; Limnophyes cristatissimus Saether, 1975 with Camptocladius fumosus Johannsen, 1905 (= Limnophyes fumosus); Limnophyes hudsoni Saether, 1975 with Limnophyes immucronatus Saether, 1969; Hydrobaenus hudsoni Saether, 1977 with Chaetocladius (Parachaetocladius) abnobaeus Wülker, 1959 (= Parachaetocladius abnobaeus); Parakiefferiella torulata Saether, 1969 with Camptocladius subaterrimus Malloch, 1915 (= Parakiefferiella subaterrima); Trichocladius helis Roback, 1957b with Orthocladius nitidus Malloch, 1915 (= Paratrichocladius nitidus); Syncricotopus fontinalis Saether, 1969 with Chironomus rufiventris Meigen, 1830 (= Paratrichocladius rufiventris); Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) comans Saether and Sublette, 1983 with Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi Saether and Sublette, 1983; Smittia triappendiculata Goetghebuer, 1931 with Camptocladius forcipatus Goetghebuer, 1921 (= Pseudosmittia forcipatus); and Psilometriocnemus cristatus Saether, 1982 with Psilometriocnemus triannulatus Saether, 1969. Major new distribution records are given for 49 species including 8 Nearctic and 32 Canadian. A key to adult males of Nearctic Limnophyes is given.

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Tsui, Clement K. M., Stéphanie Beauseigle, Dario I. Ojeda Alayon, Adrianne V. Rice, Janice E. K. Cooke, Felix A. H. Sperling, Amanda D. Roe, and Richard C. Hamelin. "Fine-scale genetic diversity and relatedness in fungi associated with the mountain pine beetle." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 49, no. 8 (August 2019): 933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2018-0418.

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The mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, 1902) forms beneficial symbiotic associations with fungi. Here we explored the fine-scale spatial genetic structure of three of those fungi using single nucleotide polymorphism. We found that single mated pairs of beetles carry not only multiple fungal species, but also multiple genotypes of each species into their galleries. We observed genetic diversity at a fine spatial scale. Most of the diversity was found within and among galleries with nonsignificant diversity among trees. We observed clonal propagation almost exclusively within galleries. Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) Arx possessed a larger expected number of multilocus genotypes and lower linkage disequilibrium than Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf. and Leptographium longiclavatum S.W. Lee, J.J. Kim & C. Breuil. More than 80% of fungal samples were genetically unrelated, a result that parallels what has been observed in the beetles. The proportion of genetically related samples within galleries was higher in O. montium (40%) than in G. clavigera (20%) or L. longiclavatum (6%), likely the consequence of within-gallery sexual recombination in O. montium. The underlying genetic diversity reported here and the differences among fungal species could enable the symbiont community to quickly respond to new environmental conditions or changes in the host, enhancing the maintenance of this multipartite relationship and allowing the MPB to colonize new habitats.

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Kramer, Matthew, Yonghong Guo, and Margaret Pooler. "Ranking Resistance of Buxus Cultivars to Boxwood Blight – an Integrated Analysis1." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-38.2.50.

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Abstract Boxwood (Buxus L. spp., Buxaceae) are popular woody landscape shrubs grown for their diverse forms and broad-leaved evergreen foliage, with an estimated $126 million economic impact in the U.S. alone. Boxwood plants grown in temperate zones worldwide are now threatened by a destructive blight disease caused by the ascomycete fungi, Calonectria pseudonaviculata and C. henricotiae. While the disease can be mitigated somewhat through cultural practices and fungicides, the most sustainable long-term solution is the development of disease-resistant boxwood cultivars. Hundreds of boxwood accessions from the National Boxwood Collection at the U.S. National Arboretum were screened for resistance using a lab-based, detached-leaf assay. Initial comparisons of our results with those of multiple other disease resistance assays found inconsistent ranking of cultivar resistance among studies. We used a meta-analysis approach on compiled data from six studies and were able to produce a consistent ordering of cultivars sorted by their susceptibility to boxwood blight, despite the diversity in materials and methods of the studies. Index words: Boxwood, Calonectria pseudonaviculata, Cylindrocladium buxicola, meta-analysis, plant breeding, resistance screening. Species used in this study: Buxus bodinieri H. Lev.; B. harlandii Hance; B. microphylla Seibold & Zucc.; B. sempervirens L.; B. sinica var. insularis (Nakai) M. Cheng; B. wallichiana Baill.; Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Crous, J.Z. Groenew. & C.F. Hill) L. Lombard M.J. Wingf. & Crous 2010.

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Kim, Gyu-Hyeok, Jae-Jin Kim, Young Woon Lim, and Colette Breuil. "Ophiostomatoid fungi isolated from Pinus radiata logs imported from New Zealand to Korea." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-170.

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Ophiostomatoid fungi discolor lumber, logs, and tree sapwood. Stained wood has a lower market value and can be refused by importing customers because such products can potentially carry pathogenic fungi. Little information is available on the ophiostomatoid fungi that colonize Pinus radiata D. Don (radiata pine) logs imported from New Zealand into Korea. In this work, we attempted to identify the native and non-native fungi colonizing wood imported into Korea. At least 12 species of ophiostomatoid fungi, including an unknown Ophiostoma sp. A, were identified among the fungi-staining radiata pine. They were Leptographium procerum (Kendr.) Wingf., Leptographium bistatum Kim & Kim, Ophiostoma floccosum Mathiesen, Ophiostoma huntii (Rob.) Hoog & Scheff., Ophiostoma ips (Rumbold) Nannf., Ophiostoma nigrocarpum (David.) Hoog, Ophiostoma piceae (Münch) H. & P. Sydow, Ophiostoma piliferum (Fries) H. & P. Sydow, Ophiostoma quercus (Georgév.) Nannf., Ophiostoma radiaticola Kim et al., and Ophiostoma setosum Uzunovic et al. Of these species, O. floccosum was the dominant species in both logs and boards. We confirmed that many of the sapstain species that we isolated have been previously reported in Korea. However, four species, O. radiatcola, O. setosum, O. huntii, and O. nigrocarpum have not been reported previously in Korea. We also found the new species, L. bistatum, along with an unknown Ophiostoma sp. A.Key words: radiata pine, ophiostomatoid fungi, New Zealand, non-native organisms, β-tubulin gene.

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DiGirolomo, Marc F., Isabel A. Munck, Kevin J. Dodds, and Jessica Cancelliere. "Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Oak Forests of Two Northeastern States: A Comparison of Trapping Methods and Monitoring for Phoretic Fungi." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 6 (September 11, 2020): 2758–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa195.

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Abstract Oak wilt is slowly expanding in the northeastern United States. Several nitidulid beetle species are known vectors of the fungus [Bretziella fagacearum (Bretz) Z. W. De Beer, Marinc., T. A. Duong, and M. J. Wingf (Microascales: Ceratocystidaceae)] that causes this disease, acquiring spores from fungal mats on infected trees and transmitting them to uninfected trees. Survey and fungal isolation from captured nitidulid beetles could be an important tool for detecting the presence of this disease in a geographic area not previously known to have oak wilt. In preparation for monitoring activities in such areas, two trapping studies were conducted in the northeastern United States: 1) trap test comparing the efficacy of wind-oriented pipe, multiple-funnel, and modified pitfall traps for nitidulids and 2) wet and dry collection cup comparison. Lures were a combination of nitidulid pheromones and fermenting liquid. Results support the use of multiple-funnel traps over the other two trap types, for both targeted species-specific surveys and community sampling. More total nitidulids, Colopterus truncatus (Randall), and Glischrochilus fasciatus (Olivier) were captured in wet collection cups compared with dry cups. Twenty-seven fungal species were isolated, none of which were B. fagacearum. Many fungi isolated from beetles were plant pathogens, indicating that in addition to the oak wilt fungus, sap beetles may contribute to the spread of other plant diseases.

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Kearns, H. SJ, and W. R. Jacobi. "Impacts of black stain root disease in recently formed mortality centers in the piñon-juniper woodlands of southwestern Colorado." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-191.

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Thirty discrete black stain root disease (BSRD) mortality centers, caused by Leptographium wageneri (Kendr.) Wingf. var. wageneri, were examined in 1999 to determine the effects of BSRD on the composition and structure of piñonjuniper woodlands at the tree, shrub, and herbaceous plant levels and on tree-seedling regeneration. In these recently formed mortality centers, the majority (68%) of all piñon (Pinus edulis Engelm.) was dead, 76% of piñon were affected by BSRD, and 70% had evidence of piñon ips bark beetle (Ips confusus Leconte) attack. BSRD mortality centers had a mean area of 0.28 ha (range 0.07 to 0.63 ha). There were no statistically significant (p > 0.05) differences in shrub composition, cover, or diversity between mortality centers and the unaffected surrounding woodlands. Herbaceous plant cover was significantly greater (p < 0.001) within mortality centers and frequency responses were species specific. There were no significant (p = 0.629) differences in the density of piñon regeneration inside mortality centers compared with outside mortality centers. The pathogen was regularly isolated from piñon roots dead for 58 years and once from a root dead for 16 years. The rate of radial expansion of mortality centers averaged 1.1 m/year (0.07 SE). The rate of mortality center expansion was not significantly (p > 0.05) related to available water-holding capacity, percent organic matter, pH of soils, piñon density, or any other site data recorded.

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Corzo, Daniel. "Aerolíneas de bajo costo en la actividad turística en Cartagena de Indias - Colombia." Revista Sennova: Revista del Sistema de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación 5, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23850/23899573.3208.

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En Colombia este modelo de negocio de las aerolíneas de bajo costo lleva alrededor de 8 años y ha generado dentro de los usuarios del transporte aéreo una masificación del servicio y ha visto un incremento en los viajes aéreos con la presencia de aerolíneas de bajo costo como Wingo y Viva Air. En el presente documento se pretende determinar los efectos de las empresas aéreas de bajo costo en la actividad turística, tomando como caso de estudio la Ciudad de Cartagena de Indias, debido a que esta ciudad tiene gran flujo turístico tanto a nivel nacional como a nivel internacional y a nivel de transporte aéreo es una de las rutas que tiene mayor demanda. En la primera fase, a partir de la delimitación del tema se da a conocer los aspectos más relevantes de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias y el movimiento de pasajeros que tiene esta ciudad via aérea. En una segunda fase, se da a conocer la implementación del modelo de aerolínea bajo costo desde su fundamentación teórica y como en Colombia ha incursionado este modelo, también se hará una sinopsis de las aerolíneas colombianas que se encuentran bajo este modelo. En una tercera fase, se realiza un análisis de la operación aérea de pasajeros antes y después de la entrada del modelo de negocio de aerolínea bajo costo al mercado aéreo colombiano, determinando el impacto del crecimiento turístico en la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias.

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Moubasher, AH. "Knoxdaviesia with K. serotectus (Van der Linde & Jol. Roux) Z.W. de Beer & M.J. Wingf. a new world record from the gut of red palm weevils." Studies in Fungi 2, no. 1 (2017): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5943/sif/2/1/8.

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Alonso, Raquel, Susana Tiscornia, Acelino Couto Alfenas, and Lina Bettucci. "Fungi associated to bark lesions of Eucalyptus globulus stems in plantations from Uruguay." Revista Árvore 33, no. 4 (August 2009): 591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622009000400001.

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Trees with stem bark lesions are frequently observed in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantations, particularly in the central west region of Uruguay. These lesions constitute a problem for trunk decortications at harvest and they also facilitate the access of fungi that could cause wood decay. Seven, three and oneyear-old plantations, located at three sites in close proximity were selected. Four types of trunk lesions were present in trees regardless the age of plantation and more than one type was found in each plantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the fungal composition associated with these lesions and compare them to healthy tissues and try to find out the origin of these symptoms. Another purpose was to elucidate the real role of the fungi considered pathogens by means of experimental inoculations. Segments from lesions and healthy tissues yielded 897 fungal isolates belonging to 32 taxa, 681 isolates from bark lesions and 216 from healthy tissues. Both healthy and symptomatic tissues showed similar fungal species composition, but with differences in frequencies of colonization. Cytospora eucalypticola Van der Westhuizen, Botryosphaeria spp., Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stey. and Penicillium spp. were the dominant species isolated. As symptoms were not reproduced after experimental inoculation with Botryosphaeria ribis Grossenb. & Duggar and B. eucalyptorum Crous, & M.J. Wingf, it could be suggested that these lesions were originated by unfavorable environmental conditions. The frost that occurred for several days out of season and flooding may have been involved in the development of bark lesion.

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Waiser, Bill. "Homesteading the Plains: Toward a New History. By Richard Edwards, Jacob K. Friefeld, and Rebecca S. Wingo (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 2017) 272 pp. $45.00 cloth $19.95 paper." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 50, no. 4 (February 2020): 622–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_r_01509.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Wingolf'

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