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Journal articles on the topic 'Winter Olympics'
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1
Yeerkenbieke, Gulijiazi, Chunci Chen, and Guizhen He. "Public Perceived Effects of 2022 Winter Olympics on Host City Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 3787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073787.
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Sustainability is now fully integrated into the entire life cycle of the Olympic Games. The planning, preparation, and staging of the Winter Olympics have opportunities to create a sustainable legacy for the host cities for decades. The tangible and/or intangible impacts of the Winter Olympics on the host city are multidimensional, including economic, social, and environmental aspects. However, there are still few studies on the multidimensional impact of the Winter Olympics on the sustainable development of the host city. This paper aims to investigate the effects of the 2022 Winter Olympics on host city sustainability from public perspective. Using a survey of 806 host residents in Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the authors performed descriptive statistics and regression analysis to analyze the effects of the Winter Olympic Games on the city’s sustainable development. The Winter Olympic Games are divided into three stages, including the pre-game phase, in-game phase, and post-game phase, and the impacts cover three dimensions, including economic, social, and environmental aspects. The results show that the 2022 Winter Olympics integrate sustainability into the whole process of the Winter Olympics; the Winter Olympics have an important catalytic effect on the host city’s sustainable development.
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WU, Huiyong. "A Case Study of the Sustainability Narratives in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics." Cultura 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/cul012023.0015.
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Abstract: The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics faced many difficulties in the field of sustainable development. These included the reduced attractiveness of the Olympic Games as well as a certain prejudice and misunderstanding that China faces, coming mainly from western society. Encouraged by the Olympic slogan "Together to the Future", Beijing developed new technologies and explored new ideas in order to better integrate sports, economy and culture, and promote the sustainable development of the games. Taking the Winter Olympics as an opportunity, Beijing improved its sports infrastructures and industry and made useful explorations in the management of the Olympic legacy. The contribution made by the Beijing Winter Olympics in the field of sustainable development is the topic if this paper.
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Wang, Jiageng. "National Image Building During the Winter Olympics." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/2/2022472.
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The Olympic Games are a world-renowned sporting event, including the Winter Olympics and the Summer Olympics. Most countries in the world participate in them and show their national images. In this paper, we analyze the contents released by mainstream media and athletes during the Winter Olympic Games. We believe that different platforms and media constitute multiple information subjects, and the national image disseminated through those subjects is pretty influential. Among them, mainstream media, athletes, and self-media convey the national image presented in the media events of the Winter Olympics. Self-media makes the audience another information source, which improves information transmission by processing and creating information, so that the national image represented by the Winter Olympics and related information influence the audience in multiple directions. Overall, the communication mode of multiple subjects strengthens the audience's ability to perceive the national image and makes the audience accept the national image conveyed in the events by interaction, authority, and other ways.
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Finlay, Christopher J. "National Proxy 2.0." Communication & Sport 6, no. 2 (December 21, 2016): 131–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479516684756.
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The affordances of social media technologies increasingly allow Olympians to directly communicate with global audiences. Olympians can thus become more powerful autonomous discursive actors, threatening traditional Olympic power dynamics that have protected lucrative Olympic media streams. And yet, Olympians have yet to use social media technology to fully exercise their autonomy. This article adopts a social construction of technology lens within a larger critical discourse analysis framework to analyze the reticent behavior of social media–enabled Olympians. It is suggested that their social media voices are constrained by a powerful set of obligations to their nation-state. These obligations can be understood as ritualistic deep play national proxy identifications, which are constructed and reinforced by Olympic policies and practices, as well as larger sociocultural contextual factors. This argument is explicated through an analysis of Olympics policy documents and case studies from the first two Olympiads, where social media had a major impact: the London 2012 Games and the Sochi 2014 Winter Games.
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Liu, Yayun, Yuxin Ou, and Hairong Zheng. "A Study on the Olympic Hosting Proposal Based on Comprehensive Evaluation and the ARIMA Model." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 82 (January 26, 2024): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/6zd1v434.
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As a significant event, the Olympic Games have attracted considerable attention since their inception. However, in recent times, enthusiasm for hosting the Olympics among countries worldwide has seen a decline. To propose a reasonable Olympic hosting plan, this article establishes an Olympic hosting capability assessment model. The study selected 11 countries that have hosted either the Summer or Winter Olympics in the past 20 years and investigated seven key aspects of evaluation indicators. Using the EWM-AHP method combined with the TOPSIS method, scores were assigned to these 11 countries. Based on the scores, nations that have previously hosted the Olympics were ranked. The top three countries for both Winter and Summer Olympics were identified, suggesting that the Olympic Games rotate among these nations. To predict the future impact of hosting the Olympics on the host country, this article employs the ARIMA model to forecast the future development of the host nations. The results indicate that hosting the Olympics will lead to a rise in the nation's score, thus validating the reasonability of the hosting proposal.
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Liu, Dingkun. "Comparison of Beijing and PyeongChang Winter Olympics." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 20, no. 1 (September 13, 2023): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/20/20230205.
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As a platform, the Winter Olympics provides an opportunity for athletes from different countries to show off to the world. The Winter Olympics are important not only for sport, but also for the economy. A great deal of economic activity takes place during the Olympic Games, which greatly affects the economy of the host country. While some countries have lost a lot of money after hosting the Winter Olympics, causing many companies to go out of business, others may become famous and prosper. The analysis is based on three perspectives: the economic background of the host country and city, hard economy and soft economy and benefits versus costs (by analyzing and collecting different factors and aspects of costs and benefits).Comparing the impact of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Games on the two host countries provides a sense of how closely intertwined the Olympics and the economy are. At the same time, this article can also inspire people to have a more comprehensive understanding of the economic effect of the Winter Olympics.
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Yuan, Chuyi, Xingyue Dong, Yuqi Yao, Jia Sun, and Tong Bao. "Analysis on the Economic Growth Effect of International Event on Host Country." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 8, no. 2 (April 2, 2023): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v8i2.6985.
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As an important part of the Olympic Games, the Winter Olympic Games has developed into one of the most influential sports events recognized in the world. For the host country, the significance is more than just a sports event. Whether it is the Winter Olympics or other international events, they all play an important role in promoting economic and social development. Taking the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics as an example, this paper focuses on China's economic growth before and after the Beijing Winter Olympics, including its cultural and tourism market development, payment methods, communication technology, infrastructure improvement, regional economy and other aspects of the impact, and then compares and summarizes experience from the development of previous international events. Finally, it puts forward the countermeasure proposal of international pageant to promote our economic growth.
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Printz, János Károly. "Hungary’s Olympic Successes." Polgári szemle 17, Special Issue (2021): 343–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24307/psz.2021.0024.
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The games that took place in the ancient city of Olympia every four years for over a millennium held great interest for the people of Greece, and the same is true for the modern Olympics, which have recently celebrated their125th anniversary. The title of Olympic champion has always commanded great respect, granting victorious athletes lifelong recognition in their homeland. Hungary has been a part of the Olympic Movement since the revival of the Games. Our athletes have represented our nation at every Summer and Winter Olympic Games except for two, and they never returned without victories from the Summer Games. Not too long ago, the first Hungarian gold medal was won in the history of the Winter Olympics. The performance of Hungarian Olympians has always been remarkable. As a result, statistics and assessments show that Hungary is a real sports nation, among countries that boast the best results. This has been demonstrated by the six gold medals and altogether twenty podium finishes achieved in Tokyo. With the recent successes at the Tokyo Olympics in mind, the purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of certain relevant aspects of the history of the Olympics and the success achieved by Hungarian athletes throughout the years. It also aims to examine the room for maneuver of the evaluation and analysis of the Olympic results, including dynamic approaches and comparisons with international results.
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Boykoff, Jules. "Space Matters: The 2010 Winter Olympics and ITS Discontents." Human Geography 4, no. 2 (July 2011): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861100400204.
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The history of the Olympic Games is fraught with racism, class privilege, and questionable leadership from the International Olympic Committee (IOC). In the modern era, the Olympics have generated an increasing scale of dissent. Activists challenging the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver adopted concertedly spatial strategies and tactics. Organizing around three main issues—indigenous rights, economic concerns, and civil liberties—they linked in solidarity with civil libertarians, human rights workers, and bystander publics. This article analyzes these activist actions through the lens of geographical theory, examining how the production of space, scale bending, and the calculated construction of discursive space helped anti-Olympics activists build camaraderie and foment a meaningful challenge to the Games that resonated with the general public. Activists in Vancouver were effective, and before the Olympics dock in London for the 2012 Summer Games, it makes sense to pause and reconsider their methods of dissident citizenship.
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HEYLIN, MICHAEL. "Winter Olympics." Chemical & Engineering News 66, no. 10 (March 7, 1988): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v066n010.p005.
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Wang, Tianjiao, Yelin Fu, Hao Luo, and Jerome Yen. "Measuring Olympics Achievements via Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 37, no. 06 (August 20, 2020): 2050030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021759592050030x.
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The lexicographic and sum ranking systems are two widely-used instruments to measure Olympics achievements. However, the lexicographic ranking system is typically criticized as overvaluing gold medals, while the sum ranking system is particularly criticized as devaluing gold medals and incapable of discriminating National Olympic Committees (NOCs) with identical total number of medals. Meanwhile, there are controversial scoring schemes to assign points to gold, silver and bronze medals. In addition, measuring Olympics achievements in either the Winter or the Summer Olympic Games is unfair to the NOCs who perform significantly different at both Olympics. These issues are addressed in this study by developing a sophisticated mathematical transformation without the exact weights determination to aggregate the lexicographic ranking system in an interval metric. An interval decision matrix is therefore formulated under the simultaneous consideration of the Winter and the Summer Olympics. A Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis method is finally utilized to provide a robust measurement with sufficient discriminating power. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients are calculated to indicate the merits of our method. The proposed method and relative analysis are demonstrated using the date drawn from the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics and the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics.
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Rozmiarek, Mateusz. "The legacy of the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the context of sports tourism." Studies in Sport Humanities 29 (December 31, 2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.4468.
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The IV Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen (Ga-Pa) are regarded by researchers as a test stage for the international demonstration of the German Reich’s economic power in relation to the Games of the XI Olympiad in Berlin, which were organized half a year later. Through the Games, Adolf Hitler sought to test all of his resources and means, thereby testing the country’s readiness to host another major sporting event. Despite numerous controversies related to the intense exposition of Nazi politics and anti-Semitism, the Olympic Games were remembered among the international public as a professionally organized event, among others thanks to the modern and extremely functional sports facilities of the time. The aim of this paper is to characterize the Olympic legacy of Ga- Pa, which due to its numerous remnants and nowadays well-maintained historical sports base contributes to the development of sports tourism in Germany. This account is briefl y preceded by an account of the preparation and course of the IV Winter Olympics.
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Zhang, Yuan, Zhongqi Xu, and Jiabing Wu. "Influence of Beijing Winter Olympic Games Construction on Vegetation Coverage around Zhangjiakou Competition Zone." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 12777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312777.
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There is a rising concern that Olympic venue construction may affect the surrounding environment. The construction of Winter Olympic venues and competition zones is more likely to degrade the surrounding natural environment than the summer counterpart, considering the prominent land use change and extensive vegetation disturbance during the construction of ski trails in mountainous areas. Scientific assessment of the impact of this Winter Olympic Games construction on the surrounding ecological environment can be of significance for the construction of a Green Olympics. At this stage, the main framework of venue and competition construction in Zhangjiakou for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games is essentially completed, so we assessed the vegetation coverage change conditions based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from 2000 to 2020. Our results show that the construction of venues, roads, and other facilities for the 2022 Olympic Games led to a remarkable change in land use, but the impacts on vegetation coverage were negligible in the surrounding area. Due to the intensive reforestation activities since the year that Beijing won the race to host the Winter Olympics, vegetation coverage continued to increase in the Zhangjiakou area, even in the core area of Winter Olympic Games construction zones. This study provides support to the belief in hosting a Green Olympics.
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Xu, Jiale, Xiaoyu Hua, Ruheng Yan, and Xinyu Han. "Research on Organizing Strategies for the Olympic Games Based on the TOPSIS Method." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 21 (December 12, 2023): 1025–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v21i.14943.
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Fewer and fewer countries have bid to host the Olympic Games in recent years because of the negative short- and long-term impacts that bidding to host the Games has had on the country. A sustainable and healthy Olympic Games will have a huge positive impact on the country, so it is quite meaningful to assess the ability of an Olympic Games to be sustainable. In order to assess the success of the Olympic Games, we designed the Olympic Sustainability Index (OSI) as a primary indicator. Then, using McKinsey Logic Tree Analysis, we constructed a three-level evaluation index system, and we designed three secondary indicators and 10 tertiary indicators. The entropy weight method was used to determine the weights between the three-level indicators, and CRITIC weighting method was used to determine the weights between the second-level indicators, and finally an OSI evaluation model was built. After that, we collected the data of tertiary indicators from 1992 to 2020 Winter Olympics and Summer Olympics, and based on the above evaluation model, we got the OSI of each Olympic Games, among which the Vancouver Winter Olympics and Beijing Summer Olympics had the highest index. Since the OSI of the Olympic Games fluctuates greatly, in order to attenuate it, we propose the strategy of "fixed host city", i.e., selecting Vancouver and Beijing as the host cities of the Winter Olympic Games and the Summer Olympic Games, respectively.
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Válková, Hana. "Zimní sporty ve Speciálních olympiádách." Studia sportiva 7, no. 3 (December 16, 2013): 291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2013-3-24.
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Physical activities and sports in winter outdoor environment are the part of spectrum of possible activities of persons with intellectual disability. Theoretical study is focused on description of winter sports related to domains: a) different approaches in Inas-FID and Special Olympics; b) survey of World Winter Games and national games of SO; c) check-list of winter sports included in World Special Olympic Games and in Czech National program; d) specific regulations of sports selection according sportsman abilities; e) „maximal effort“ regulation; f) possibilities of participation in Special Olympics, and winter sports.
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Li, Shangcheng. "The Influence of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics on Sustainable Development of Domestic Sports Economy-Taking Zhangjiakou City as an Example." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 19, no. 1 (September 13, 2023): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/19/20230126.
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With the curtain falling on the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the Winter Olympics cycle has entered the next preparation time. China has completely entered the post-Olympic era, which can be developed according to the corresponding tourism to enhance regional, national economic development. With the strategic development policy to enhance, pay attention to the basic economic development and construction of the subordinate cities, Zhangjiakou City, according to the existing buildings to develop ice and snow tourism, improve the visibility of the city, transformation into a domestic winter tourism city. Through a large number of literature review, as well as image analysis, this paper focuses on how winter Olympic cities develop tourism to enhance their own economic development, and finds out that Zhangjiakou city is suitable for vigorously developing ice and snow tourism, it uses the existing building, makes the profit maximization, plays out the reputation of the winter Olympic city. Similarly, along with the construction of tourism facilities, the development of the tourism industry heralds the transformation of Zhangjiakou into the head of the tourism city. Together with the strong support from the national government, the city of Winter Olympics will be overly transformed into an ice and snow resort, with the total number of visitors breaking records year by year in the coming years.
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Zhao, Zeqi, Shiding Mou, and Jinfan Bai. "Olympic Games Site Selection Based on EWM-TOPSIS." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 60 (July 25, 2023): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v60i.10337.
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Due to the high cost and lack of benefits of reporting the Olympic Games, the incentive for countries to host the Games has declined significantly in recent years, and the number of countries applying to host the Games has decreased. This paper attempts a new option for hosting the Olympic Games - a fixed venue location. In order to identify a permanent venue for the summer and winter seasons respectively, this paper selects the most suitable option from countries that have hosted either the summer or winter Olympic Games. The EWM-TOPSIS model was used to calculate the scores of each venue, and the best venue for the Summer Olympics was calculated to be London, and the best venue for permanent Winter Olympics was Lake Placid, USA.
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Lee, Jung Woo. "A winter sport mega-event and its aftermath: A critical review of post-Olympic PyeongChang." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 34, no. 7 (November 2019): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094219889608.
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Almost two years have passed since the Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, and this small rural province has now fully returned to its ordinary routine. In this viewpoint article, I present a critical review of the aftermath of PyeongChang 2018. This short essay focuses on three areas: (a) environmental damage and its restoration process, (b) the construction of the sport facilities and their use after the event, and (c) the sustainability of social infrastructure built for the Winter Olympics. The critical appraisal of the post-Olympic PyeongChang reveals that first, the winter sporting competition is more likely to degrade the natural environment surrounding the Olympic venues than its summer counterpart. Second, winter sporting activities such as ski jumping and bobsled are less likely to develop into community sports due to specific equipment and skills required. Finally, because of this comparatively high opportunity cost, the Winter Olympic Games is an excessively expensive event to host. The 2018 Winter Olympic Games may be seen as South Korean cultural diplomacy at its best. Yet, underneath this South Korean winter fantasy, symptoms of post-Olympic tensions, degeneration, and unfulfilled obligations remain.
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Xi Yu. "Framing Winter Olympics: A Content Analysis of Sochi Winter Olympics (2014) and Beijing Winter Olympics (2022)." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 4, no. 2 (April 14, 2022): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2022.4.2.6.
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The frame analysis of Olympics-related news is quite popular, yet few studies do comparative studies of two Olympics hosted by ideologically similar countries. To fill this gap in the literature, this study examined the similarities and differences of an American news agency CNN’s (Cable News Networks) coverages in the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics and 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Under the theoretical framework of framing theory, a content analysis (N = 200) of news stories was conducted. The following four frames were measured: (a) sports frame, (b) human-interest frame. (c) morality frame, (d) political frame. Findings revealed that sports frame was mentioned the most frequently in both Olympics. Furthermore, Russia got more coverage in the human-interest frame and morality frame, while China got more publications in the political frame.
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Liu, Ziyang. "Exploring the Role of the Olympic Games in Political Narrative——A Case Study of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 6 (December 31, 2022): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v6i.4038.
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It is increasingly commonplace for sporting events, and even the Olympics, to be politicised and used as a means of political narrative, and the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics are no exception. Considering that the Beijing Winter Olympics is recently hosted, and there is a lack of adequate analysis and discussion of it, this paper focuses on exploring the role of the Olympic Games in political narratives, and through the dissection of several controversial issues, it specifically illustrates Beijing’s tactful utilisation of the Games. It is expected that the results of this case study will enrich the empirical basis of Olympic diplomacy and offer more insights into China’s subtle use of different modules of the Olympics to achieve the desired political narrative. After a comprehensive and inductive analysis, this paper defines Beijing’s use of the successful hosting of the Games itself, the opening ceremony, some “vignettes”, and media coverage for the underlying political narrative and reconstructs its main objectives.
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Siekel, Anton, Zuzana Vodáčková, Matej Šebesta, and Peter Plavčan. "A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE COVID-19 PREVENTIVE MEASURES AT THE TOKYO 2020 AND BEIJING 2022 OLYMPIC GAMES." Proceedings of CBU in Economics and Business 3 (December 1, 2022): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/peb.v3.294.
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National and international sports are well recognized in the international Olympic movement. The Summer and Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games are the major global sporting events, uniting the entire world together for world peace. Managing the health and safety of athletes at these top sporting events is an important task. During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, sound organisational policies and effective preventive measures to protect athletes from infection at the Olympic Games were essential. Currently, there is not much information on the spread of COVID-19 infection in sports events and the effectiveness of preventive measures. The present study analyses the preventive measures for COVID-19 at Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The study is based on the official documents of the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee. It compares the COVID-19 spread and preventive measures taken by the organisers at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
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Qi, Fu-xiang, Yu-xin Tian, and Jian Wang. "Analysis of Media Coverage of Beijing Winter Olympic Games under the Time Background with Framework Theory—Take Xinhua News Agency as an Example." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 4, no. 3 (September 8, 2022): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2022.4.3.27.
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Under the pressure of the raging COVID-19 epidemic and continued global geopolitical tensions, the Beijing Winter Olympic Games were held as scheduled smoothly. The media coverage of the Winter Olympics plays a crucial role in its promotion. Through textual analysis and content analysis, this paper takes frame theory as the basis, takes Xinhua News Agency's 2, 406 news reports as samples, focuses on 3 types of structures: high-level, middle-level, and bottom-level, and takes the report content and theme as the guide to study the coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympics in the context of the times, mainly analyzing its relevant impact, the evaluation of relevant people, and the use and innovation of the event subjects and technologies, to convey inclusively, shared objective and positive values. The results of this study reveal that Xinhua's news coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games has eight high-level thematic frameworks and five medium-level content frameworks to show readers the Chinese Winter Olympic Games and also the development of winter sports in China.
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Horvath, Judit. "Winter forest Olympics." Early Years Educator 14, no. 10 (February 2013): xii—xiii. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2013.14.10.xii.
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Seiler, Stephen. "Same Citius, Altius, Fortius … More Women, Crashes, and McTwists?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 9, no. 1 (January 2014): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0396.
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Almost half of the record 98 events being held at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympic Games were either not held 20 years ago at Lillehammer or have been substantially modified. The Olympics as a global sports event are not stationary but must adapt and evolve in response to changing demands, just as the remarkable athletes who are competing do. While the Winter Olympics program has steadily grown since Chamonix in 1924, the rate of development has greatly accelerated in the last 20 years. Three factors seem to be instrumental. First, the Winter Olympics program has become more gender balanced. Female hockey teams are battling for gold, and this year women will compete in ski jumping for the first time. Most Winter Olympics sports have equal numbers of events for men and women today, although female participation still lags somewhat behind. Second, many traditional events have been modified by sport-governing bodies toward a more “TV friendly” format. Time-trial starts have been replaced by mass or group starts. “Sprint” and team events have been added to spice up traditional sports like cross-country skiing and speed skating. Finally “extreme” sports like half-pipe and ski-cross have crossed over from the X Games to the Olympics, with some arguing that the Olympics need these popular sports more than the X Games sports need the Olympics. All of these changes create new research questions for sport scientists who are also willing to adapt and evolve.
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Li, Hongyang, Bao Liu, and Xinglin Zhu. "Research on Olympic Site Selection Based on Evaluation Model." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 68 (October 9, 2023): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v68i.11929.
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In recent years, most countries and cities have suffered certain negative effects, and the motivation to host the Olympic Games has dropped significantly, and the number of countries declaring the Olympics has decreased. This paper gives two options for holding the Olympic Games as a way to help the ICMG committee solve the Olympic Games site selection problem.determining the permanent site for the Olympic Games, considering that the permanent site requires a certain level of prestige and economic support from the country, the paper decided to start with countries that have hosted the Summer and Winter Olympic Games, because these countries tend to have a better Olympic atmosphere and the old sites of Olympic stadiums can help ease the burden of the host country. In order to select the most suitable permanent site from the former host countries, the paper considered a number of indicators to describe the success of previous Olympic Games, such as economic level, human satisfaction, the level of prestige of the host country or city, etc., and subdivided the secondary indicators on the basis of the primary indicators, thus establishing the Olympic Site Evaluation System, which was adopted by the EWM-TOPSIS model to rate each host, and the most suitable permanent site for the Summer Olympics is London, UK, while the most suitable permanent site for the Winter Olympics is Lake Placid, USA, by Matlab software solution.Holding the Four Seasons Olympics. In this paper, firstly, according to the IOC’s classification criteria for the Games, the paper determined the major sports to be held in four seasons based on reasonable criteria, including 10 major sports in spring, 17 major sports in summer, 3 major sports in autumn and 7 major sports in winter.
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Stoiljković, Sofija. "Olympic entertainer." Metodicka praksa 26, m. br. (2023): 228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/metpra2302228s.
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Daily practice shows that educators, teachers, and children find it interesting to jointly organize sports events and competitions that they call "small Olympics, athletic Olympics - in the world of competition and the like". For example, similar to this was the final event of preschoolers in the primary school "Mladost" from Belgrade in June 2023. It is interesting to emphasize that before the new era, the Olympiads represented a unit of measure of 4 years between two Olympic Games. The Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games will be held in Paris in 2024. This paper is intended, primarily for those who are interested in the Olympic Games as the largest sports competition in the world, which is held every four years. In this paper, all members of one family can find something interesting, both the youngest and the oldest. The purpose of this paper is to acquaint readers of different ages with the origin of the Olympic Games, both ancient (Olympia before the new era) and these modern (renewed) ones that were created inspired by the ancient Olympic Games. This paper can serve as a good starting point, primarily for educators, but also for teachers, for planning project and teaching activities on the topic of the Olympic Games, sports competitions, mythology, winter and summer sports, Paralympic competitions, various symbols that are dominant before some planetary events in the near future such as the Olympic Games in Paris in 2024, as well as nations, continents and cities that at least briefly unite the idea of the Olympic Games.
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June, Haylie M., Ashley R. Kernan, Rachel M. Sumsion, Michael R. Cope, Scott R. Sanders, and Carol Ward. "When Event Social Sustainability Is Tarnished by Scandal: Long-Term Community Perceptions of the 2002 Winter Olympics Bid Scandal and Legacy." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 2558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032558.
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Due to the increasing number of events around the world, event sustainability is an area of research relevant across disciplines. Research has found that event sustainability encompasses economic, environmental, and social legacies. However, events may face unforeseen challenges, sometimes even major scandals. How do these scandals impact residents and the sustainable legacy of the mega-event? As a historical case study, we explore social aspects of event sustainability in the wake of the 2002 Winter Olympics bid scandal, where it was reported that the Salt Lake Olympic Committee (SLOC) bribed members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to secure votes in favor of Salt Lake City hosting the 2002 Winter Olympic. Despite the bribery scandal, the Salt Lake City Games were considered a success by the media and members of the SLOC and IOC. Specifically, the present study investigates local residents’ perceptions of the scandal before, during, and after the Olympics using data gathered from 1999 to 2018 in Heber Valley, Utah. We find that time is a significant predictor of residents’ feelings toward the scandal. Further, feelings towards the Olympics, community desirability, race, and biological sex are also significant predictors. These findings lead us to conclude that the effects of the scandal on the Olympics’ sustainable legacy fade away over time.
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Tilson, Donn. "2006 Winter Olympics and the Shroud of Turin." Fieldwork in Religion 4, no. 2 (May 28, 2010): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.v4i2.123.
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This study explores the use of a sacred icon – the Shroud of Turin – as a communicative symbol in public relations campaigning by the city of Torino, the Shroud of Turin Diocesan Commission, the Museum Della Sindone and 2006 Winter Olympics’ exclusive global television broadcaster NBC and its US affiliate stations before and during the Olympics in Torino, Italy. In particular, the study examines the extent to which such communicative activity could be considered devotional-promotional in nature. A combination of qualitative methods obtained data on media, state and Church campaigning and its effects. While the Olympics provided an opportunity for these institutions to showcase their “products” on a world stage the extent to which such promotion persuaded tourists, pilgrims and others to travel to Torino – either for the Games in person or virtually - is an open question absent survey, observational and other research although above-normal Museum attendance, a spike in tourism to the region and record cyber-traffic to Olympic and host city websites do suggest certain effects of such campaigning.
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Hu, Yang. "Chinas National Image Building by China Daily during the Winter Olympics." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/2/2022468.
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The 2022 Winter Olympics has made Beijing the world's first city to have hosted the Olympics twice. It is another rare opportunity for China to attract the world's attention with a large-scale sports event. Therefore, it is necessary to study the Chinese media for national image building. By randomly sampling the reports of China Daily, China's official English newspaper, during the Winter Olympics and conducting a frame analysis, this paper finds the following four main frames "High-tech Winter Olympics", "Economic Winter Olympics", "China Winter Olympics", and "Spiritual Winter Olympics". At the same time, based on building the framework, this paper also uses the agenda-setting theory of emotions to analyze how China Daily uses the priming effect and emotional consistency under the emotional setting to pave a way for Chinas national image building, as well as the emotional spiral used in publicity to amplify positive public opinion and consolidate national image. This study concludes by pointing out the achievements of international communication during the Winter Olympics and the prospect of Chinas international communication.
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Menglong, Li, Xiong Jiaqi, and Qin Benchuyue. "Research on Western media coverage of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 24, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2024-24-1-99-110.
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As the Western world’s policy towards China has been changing in recent years, the international public opinion, that China comes into contact with, is also deteriorating, which has a serious negative impact on forming the international image of China and on shaping soft power. In the context of the rapid development of modern information technology, sports events like the Winter Olympics are often accompanied by large-scale media coverage and propaganda, and it is important to deal with the negative coverage of the Olympics involving China in the Western media and to build a good national image through the Winter Olympics. This study focuses on the specific content of Western media reports on China during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics cycle, and summarizes and analyzes the characteristics of “distorted facts”, “far-fetched” and “prominent political demands” in the negative reports on China in the Western media during the Winter Olympics. Based on the importance of guiding international public opinion and covering by media of such large sporting events as the Olympic Games, it is urgent and necessary to improve China’s international public opinion crisis response mechanism and enhance national and international media capacity. In this regard, this paper proposes four specific response strategies: strengthening the international communication capacity of mainstream media, enhancing the role of the government in guiding and making decisions, strengthening cooperation with international media; and making full use of our own media platforms.
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Scott, Olan K. M., Bo (Norman) Li, and Stephen Mighton. "Gender Representation at the 2018 Winter Olympic Games From an Australian Broadcast Perspective." International Journal of Sport Communication 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2021-0099.
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This study examined differences in the Seven Network’s primetime coverage of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games on all of its channels. Over 102 hr of total coverage was analyzed for clock time, name mentions, and the descriptions of athletes by announcers divided by gender. Results found that male athletes received the bulk of the clock time; 13 of the top 20 most-mentioned athletes were men. There were also gender differences in the word for word descriptors of success, failure, physicality, and personality. From a theoretical perspective, results found the framing of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games to favor male Olympians. The top three sports that were broadcast featuring women were ice hockey, freestyle skiing, and snowboarding, which differs from other studies in this line of scholarship, so differences in the sports covered in the Australian context provides a unique context to study the Winter Olympics. Theoretical and practical implications are provided.
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Menglong, Li, Xing Xiaoman, and Li Zhilun. "Conceptualization of “Othering”: An Analysis of Western Media’s Mechanism for Constructing the Discourse of Beijing Winter Olympics." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 562–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2023.12(3).562-577.
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The objective of the Olympic movement is to maintain separation of sports from politics. However, international politics has played a significant role in the survival and development of the Olympic Games throughout its history. Recently, Western media's politicization of Olympic organizers has been on the rise. This research paper aims to examine the role of mainstream media outlets in the United States, Canada, Britain, and Germany. It analyzes carefully selected samples of texts published during the Beijing Winter Olympics, employing critical discourse analysis as the primary methodology. The study aims to uncover the discourse strategies employed by Western media in covering Beijing Winter Olympics, the ideologies behind them, and their constructed image of global governance. The paper also examines the historical and realistic conditions in which this image has been formed and analyzes the discourse mechanism of Western media system. Western media’s narrative of the Olympic Games host is not primarily about China but rather a reflection of the West’s self-construction needs and embodiment. In this context, China is portrayed as a systemic competitor that challenges Europe, "subverts" international rules, and promotes alternative modes of governance. Through a critical analysis of the political implications underlying Western media coverage during the Beijing Winter Olympics, this study exposes the inherent limitations of the Western "othering" framework. In doing so, it provides invaluable insights that contribute to the development of Chinese discourse and narrative systems, ultimately strengthening the Chinese subjectivity framework in the realm of international communication.
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He, Guizhen, Gulijiazi Yeerkenbieke, and Yvette Baninla. "Public Participation and Information Disclosure for Environmental Sustainability of 2022 Winter Olympics." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 7712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187712.
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As China prepares to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee has committed to making public participation a fundamental part of its broader sustainability objectives. Unfortunately, the existing research on information openness and public participation towards Winter Olympic Games is limited in the perspective of host residents. Therefore, this article aims to understand the information disclosure and public participation, as well as the roles information and technologies (ICTs) play in achieving environmental sustainability. With the help of self-administered questionnaires, data were compiled. The survey was conducted in April 2017 with 650 residents in Beijing and Zhangjiakou via face-to-face interviews to obtain a random and statistically representative sample of host residents. Our findings indicated that only few respondents participated in the limited activities of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The respondents’ views on important issues of public participation varied obviously including the participating level, principles, time, ways, mechanism, and influencing factor. The analysis illustrated over 70% of respondents had the positive attitudes towards ICTs roles and functions in Beijing 2022. ICTs have helped the public to obtain information about environmental management and sustainability issues, and to facilitate public awareness and collective action by building new management practices. This study has implications and contributes to the burgeoning literature surrounding the Olympic Games by providing an in-depth analysis of public participation in relation to the theory.
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Renkel, A. F. "Importance of ice for the «White Olympics»." Ice and Snow 56, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2016-4-555-560.
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Organization of any winter Olympic game, often called as «White Olympics», requires interfacing between sports, technology and glaciology. History of the Olympic winter games and the Norwegian figure skater Sonia Henie, first and the only three-time Olympic champion (1928, 1932, 1936) in ladies figure skating, is presented in the article. Leaving the amateurish sport, Henie became a Hollywood star of the ballet on ice. She was introduced to the inventor Frank Zamboni, who created the ice re-surfacer (the ice-cleaning combine) to restore the ice on skating rinks. Using the combine by Henie during her tours in the United States served to advertise this machine, and the name Zamboni had become a trademark for machines «Zamboni».
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King, C. Richard. "Staging the Winter Olympics." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 31, no. 1 (February 2007): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723506296827.
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Morello, Lauren. "Winter Olympics: Downhill forecast." Nature 506, no. 7486 (February 2014): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/506020a.
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Bigalke, Zachary R. "Wintertime Mercenaries: Contextualizing Foreign-Born Athletes at the Winter Olympics, 1924–2018." Journal of Olympic Studies 2, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jofolympstud.2.2.0063.
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Abstract Media, fans, and International Olympic Committee president Jacques Rogge have all claimed a rising trend over the past two decades of foreign-born athletes competing at the Olympics, framing such participation as “mercenary” in nature. Previous studies have disputed popular perceptions that the Summer Olympics have seen an increased rate of foreign-born participation. Utilizing publicly available birthplace data to build a database of foreign-born representatives at the Winter Olympics between 1924 and 2018, this study fills a gap in the extant literature on sport and national identity as it pertains to elite winter sports. Critiquing the “mercenary” label in the context of international sport, this study also offers a new lens for considering the extent to which self-interest guides the decisions of foreign-born athletes and the states that elect to incorporate them onto national teams.
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Kiktev, Dmitry, Paul Joe, George A. Isaac, Andrea Montani, Inger-Lise Frogner, Pertti Nurmi, Benedikt Bica, et al. "FROST-2014: The Sochi Winter Olympics International Project." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 1908–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-15-00307.1.
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Abstract The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Weather Research Programme’s (WWRP) Forecast and Research in the Olympic Sochi Testbed program (FROST-2014) was aimed at the advancement and demonstration of state-of-the-art nowcasting and short-range forecasting systems for winter conditions in mountainous terrain. The project field campaign was held during the 2014 XXII Olympic and XI Paralympic Winter Games and preceding test events in Sochi, Russia. An enhanced network of in situ and remote sensing observations supported weather predictions and their verification. Six nowcasting systems (model based, radar tracking, and combined nowcasting systems), nine deterministic mesoscale numerical weather prediction models (with grid spacings down to 250 m), and six ensemble prediction systems (including two with explicitly simulated deep convection) participated in FROST-2014. The project provided forecast input for the meteorological support of the Sochi Olympic Games. The FROST-2014 archive of winter weather observations and forecasts is a valuable information resource for mesoscale predictability studies as well as for the development and validation of nowcasting and forecasting systems in complex terrain. The resulting innovative technologies, exchange of experience, and professional developments contributed to the success of the Olympics and left a post-Olympic legacy.
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Yan, Wenjun. "Case Analysis on the CAS Ad Hoc Division Decisions for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics." Laws 12, no. 2 (March 2, 2023): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws12020022.
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Whether it is the Summer Olympics or the Winter Olympics, in order to resolve potential sports disputes, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) sets up a special ad hoc tribunal in the host city of the Olympic Games. Although CAS ad hoc rules have many similarities with ordinary procedures, they are different in terms of the legal basis, legal remedies, and certain procedural rules. During the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics (Beijing 2022), the CAS Ad Hoc Division and the CAS Anti-Doping Division heard a total of seven cases. These cases involve issues such as provisional suspension of games, protection of minors, unreasonable delays in test results, cancellation of award ceremonies, and the timing of disputes. the CAS Ad Hoc Division decisions on the above issues can be regarded as the latest developments in the application of international sports arbitration rules.
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Golovachev, A., V. Kolykhmatov, and S. Shirokova. "MODEL INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL PREPAREDNESS OF ELITE FEMALE SKI-RACERS IN PREPARATION FOR THE 2022 WINTER OLYMPIC GAMES IN BEIJING (CHINA)." Human Sport Medicine 19, S2 (March 19, 2020): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm19s211.
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Aim. The purpose of the article is to develop model characteristics of physical qualities in elite skiers that determine the level of their physical fitness, the achievement of which is able to ensure successful performance at 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing (China). Materials and methods. The study involved 19 female skiers, specializing in various types of competitive activity, aged from 19 to 27 years, with experience from 6 to 13 years and qualification from CMS to MSIC. The physical fitness of athletes was studied during the 2015–2018 Olympic cycle. using special training devices (strain gauge platform and inertial training machine) as part of the scientific program dedicated to integrated examinations in the laboratory of cyclic Olympic sports (All-Russian Research Institute of Physical Education and Sports). Results. Taking into account the requirements for the model features of athletes during their preparation for the Olympic Games, 9 statistically significant indicators were selected to assess explosive force of the arms and legs, speed and strength endurance of the hands, which determine the general development of physical fitness. Conclusion. The results presented in the article are a logical continuation of a comprehensive study on the formation of a structural-functional model (Olympian-2022 model). This model allows to assess the development of the functional status and leading physical qualities in elite athletes, identify their readiness to perform specialized muscle activity and improve the training process for 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing (China).
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Heck, André, and Peter Uylings. "Gliding for Olympic success." Physics Education 57, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 035011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/ac5157.
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Abstract When thinking about Olympic winter sports and watching events on television, people mostly focus on events where the chances of success are high for fellow-countrymen. For example, in the Netherlands speed skating is considered the main winter sports event. But with Kimberley Bos there is now also a Dutch medal candidate for the Winter Olympics 2022 in the skeleton discipline. Where speed skaters prepare in summer for the winter season with roller skates, Bos trains on an athletics track with a self-built board on wheels as a replacement for the skeleton. British athletes on the other hand can choose the bobsleigh and skeleton push-start track at the University of Bath for their summer preparation. We prepare for the upcoming Winter Olympics 2022 by taking a physics view on advanced sleighing. We show how school physics helps understanding the motion of athletes in bobsleigh and skeleton and increases respect for the athletes’ performance.
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Li, Jiajun, Xinyi Wang, and Shenghao Sun. "The Impact of Successful Bid for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games on Local Economic and Social Lives." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 3, no. 1 (March 21, 2023): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/3/2022779.
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Our paper examines the impact of the bid for Beijing Winter Olympic Games on social economy and society with data from 2010 to 2020.In this project, regression discontinuity design (RDD) is applied to analyze the changes of GDP, residential income per capital and CPI's response to the five independent variables related to the successful bid for Winter Olympics: time dummy, infrastructure investment, cultural and athletic expenditures, international travel income and the number of sports venues. Our results show that the effects of bid for Winter Olympics on GDP and residential income per capita are insignificant, while the effects of bid on CPI are significantly positive. The influential path from bid to CPI is through the three variables above: cultural and athletic expenditures, international travel income and the number of sports venues.
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Wu, Qianjin, Zusheng Wu, Shanshan Li, and Zichao Chen. "The Impact of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games on Air Quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region: A Quasi-Natural Experiment Study." Sustainability 15, no. 14 (July 19, 2023): 11252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151411252.
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Major sporting events, such as the Olympic Games, can harm air quality due to the construction of large stadiums and other sporting facilities, the transportation of athletes and spectators, and the consumption of energy and resources. To successfully host the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the Chinese government has taken measures to improve air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, such as limiting car use, closing polluting businesses, and increasing clean energy. Whether these measures have effectively improved the air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and whether they have had a sustained impact are the concerns of this study. In this study, based on air quality statistics for 24 Chinese cities from 2014–2022, including 2592 observations, we investigated the impact of the Beijing Winter Olympics on the air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region using the difference-in-difference (DID) method. Our empirical findings indicate that the Beijing Winter Olympics significantly impacted the air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. We observed a 25% reduction in the air quality index (AQI) and a 28% reduction in the levels of PM2.5, holding all other factors constant. Trend analysis further suggests that the Beijing Winter Olympics contributed to the region’s long-term trend of air quality improvement. We performed a series of robustness tests, all indicating the reliability of our basic conclusions. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis shows a significant effect of the pollution level and the distance from the capital on the effectiveness of air quality improvement, while economic development had no significant impact. Our findings have important implications for policymakers and other stakeholders interested in improving air quality. The significant improvements from the Beijing Winter Olympics suggest that implementing similar initiatives in other regions may also have positive effects.
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Liang, Yongmei. "Research on Olympic Games Hosting Plans Based on TOPSIS and Forecasting Models." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 72 (December 15, 2023): 1211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/yye9pp59.
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In recent years, fewer and fewer countries are willing to participate in the Summer and Winter Olympics due to the enormous costs, fundraising difficulties, difficulty in recovering investments, and wastage of facilities after the events. To propose feasible Olympic Games hosting plans, this study divided the Games into four seasons and selected 17 indicators for each project category. The GRA-TOPSIS comprehensive weighted evaluation model was adopted to assess the applications of various countries to host the Olympics. In addition, the top three countries in each season were selected as semi-permanent venues. Finally, using the top three countries in each season as examples, grey forecasting models and background trend line models were constructed to predict the economic and tourism benefits of hosting the Olympics. Through these measures, this study proves that hosting small-scale Olympics will bring considerable benefits to countries and provide assistance to actively stimulate countries' willingness to apply for hosting the Olympics. The results of this study have important reference value for the planning of Olympic Games.
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Chu, Fangjie, Chengao Gong, Shuang Sun, Lingjun Li, Xingchuan Yang, and Wenji Zhao. "Air Pollution Characteristics during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18 (September 15, 2022): 11616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811616.
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Using air pollution monitoring data from 31 January to 31 March 2022, we evaluated air quality trends in Beijing and Zhangjiakou before and after the 2022 Winter Olympics and compared them with the conditions during the same period in 2021. The objective was to define the air quality during the 2022 Winter Olympics. The results indicated that: (1) the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 in Zhangjiakou during the 2022 Winter Olympics were 28.15, 29.16, 34.96, 9.06, and 16.41%, respectively, lower than those before the 2022 Winter Olympics; (2) the five pollutant concentrations in Beijing showed the following pattern: during the 2022 Winter Olympics (DWO) < before the 2022 Winter Olympics < after 2022 Winter Paralympics < during 2022 Winter Paralympics; (3) on the opening day (4 February), the concentrations of the five pollutants in both cities were low. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations varied widely without substantial peaks and the daily average maximum values were 15.17 and 8.67 µg/m3, respectively, which were 65.56 and 69.79% lower than those of DWO, respectively; (4) the PM2.5 clean days in Beijing and Zhangjiakou DWO accounted for 94.12 and 76.47% of the total days, respectively, which were 11.76 and 41.18% higher than those during the same period in 2021; (5) during each phase of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the NO2/SO2 and PM2.5/SO2 trends exhibited a decrease followed by an increase. The PM2.5/PM10 ratios in Beijing and Zhangjiakou were 0.65 and 0.67, respectively, indicating that fine particulate matter was the main contributor to air pollution DWO.
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Jadhav, Prof Lavina, and Aadarsh Krishan Yadav. "Analysing 120 Years Olympics Dataset Exploratory Data Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 1089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45390.
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Abstract: Olympic games are an event where athletes from all over the world participate to compete with each other. In this paper, we have tried to study the data of Olympic games from the year 1896 – 2016. To study the dataset and derive conclusions we have used different python libraries which are used for Data Analysis. Libraries such as ‘numpy’, ‘pandas’, ‘matplotlib’, ‘seaborn’ are used to study the dataset. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the country wise participation, participation of female athletes, participation of female athletes in Summer and Winter Olympics, age distribution of participants and performance analysis in Olympics from 1896 to 2016.
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Kobierecki, Michał Marcin. "Russia and Its International Image: From Sochi Olympic Games to Annexing Crimea." International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal 18, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipcj-2016-0016.
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The aim of the article is to analyze the change of the Russian Federation’s international image in the light of two significant events: the Olympic Winter Games in 2014 in Sochi and the annexation of Crimea. According to the first hypothesis, one of the main aims for hosting the Olympic Games was to improve the international prestige of Russia. Shortly after the Olympics Russia increased its activity in Eastern Ukraine, which resulted in the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. Therefore the article is also aimed to investigate whether by annexing Crimea Russia squandered the possible positive effects of hosting the Olympics in terms of its international image.
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Wu, Jun-xia, Fei Ruan, and Zhi-min Wu. "International Mirror and Chinese Path: Research on the Promotion Path of Zhangjiakou Sports Culture Tourism Brand in the Post-Winter Olympics Era." Scientific and Social Research 5, no. 11 (November 29, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/ssr.v5i11.5650.
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As a significant component of the Winter Olympics legacy, the exploration of the global sports culture tourism industry, with a focus on ice and snow culture tourism, and the sustainable development trajectory of the brand in the post-Winter Olympics era, has become pivotal in creating a “business card” tourism destination or distinctive regional tourism brand for Zhangjiakou. This is crucial for the ongoing development of Zhangjiakou’s ice and snow tourism and sports culture tourism brand in the post-Winter Olympics era. To gain insights, three cities with a geographical location similar to Zhangjiakou were chosen as Winter Olympics hosts, and the author analyzed the experiences of their internationalization development. Building upon this comparative analysis, the author presents recommendations for the development of sports culture tourism brands in Zhangjiakou in the post-Winter Olympics era, taking into account the specific circumstances of the region. The research highlights the following key points: leveraging Winter Olympics characteristic resources to enhance brand quality and recognition, harnessing regional advantageous resources to augment overall brand competitiveness, utilizing regional characteristics to enrich brand cultural connotation and appeal, and leveraging digital intelligence technology to bolster brand technological sophistication and communication.
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Kim, Kwan-Seob, and Hyouck Lee. "Direction of the Opening Ceremony Storytelling of Winter Olympics - A comparative study of 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics and 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 74 (November 30, 2018): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2018.11.74.159.
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Shvetsov, A. V. "The 2022 Winter Olympics on Russian State TV Channels." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 14, no. 1 (May 22, 2024): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2024-14-1-126-133.
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Modern television broadcasts the most interesting sports events, not only promoting sports but also influencing social values in favor of active physical education. Owing to the interaction of the International Olympic Committee and television, the Olympic Games have become the main sporting event in the world. Nowadays, television is the major source of material wellbeing for the Olympic movement. Television is one of the key partners of sports, providing its financing through the purchase of broadcasting rights and through the sponsors’ television advertising. The further development of any sport entirely depends on television, which adapted sports competitions to its modern requirements at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. But there is also a negative point in mutually beneficial cooperation: television creates a hierarchy, at the top of which are the most popular sports in a particular country. The purpose of the study is to analyze TV broadcasts of the 2022 Winter Olympics on public Russian television channels and determine the most popular winter sports among Russians.