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1
Lange, Alexander, Ronghua Xu, Max Kaeding, Steffen Marx, and Joern Ostermann. "Matched Filter for Acoustic Emission Monitoring in Noisy Environments: Application to Wire Break Detection." Acoustics 6, no. 1 (2024): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics6010011.
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Regular inspections of important civil infrastructures are mandatory to ensure structural safety and reliability. Until today, these inspections are primarily conducted manually, which has several deficiencies. In context of prestressed concrete structures, steel tendons can be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking, which may result in breakage of individual wires that is visually not observable. Recent research therefore suggests Acoustic Emission Monitoring for wire break detection in prestressed concrete structures. However, in noisy environments, such as wind turbines, conventional acoustic emission detection based on user-defined amplitude thresholds may not be suitable. Thus, we propose the use of matched filters for acoustic emission detection in noisy environments and apply the proposed method to the task of wire break detection in post-tensioned wind turbine towers. Based on manually conducted wire breaks and rebound hammer tests on a large-scale test frame, we employ a brute-force search for the most suitable query signal of a wire break event and a rebound hammer impact, respectively. Then, we evaluate the signal detection performance on more than 500 other wire break signals and approximately one week of continuous acoustic emission recordings in an operating wind turbine. For a signal-to-noise ratio of 0 dB, the matched filter approach shows an improvement in AUC by up to 0.78 for both, the wire break and the rebound hammer query signal, compared to state-of-the-art amplitude-based detection. Even for the unscaled wire break measurements originally recorded at the 12 m large laboratory test frame, the improvement in AUC still lies between 0.01 and 0.25 depending on the wind turbine noise recordings considered for evaluation. Matched filters may therefore be a promising alternative to amplitude-based detection algorithms and deserve particular consideration with regard to Acoustic Emission Monitoring, especially in noisy environments or when sparse senor networks are required.
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Ma, Baolong, Ruizhen Gao, Jingjun Zhang, and Xinmin Zhu. "A YOLOX-Based Automatic Monitoring Approach of Broken Wires in Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe Using Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensors." Sensors 23, no. 4 (2023): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042090.
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Wire breakage is a major factor in the failure of prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCP). In the presented work, an automatic monitoring approach of broken wires in PCCP using fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensors (DAS) is investigated. The study designs a 1:1 prototype wire break monitoring experiment using a DN4000 mm PCCP buried underground in a simulated test environment. The test combines the collected wire break signals with the previously collected noise signals in the operating pipe and transforms them into a spectrogram as the wire break signal dataset. A deep learning-based target detection algorithm is developed to detect the occurrence of wire break events by extracting the spectrogram image features of wire break signals in the dataset. The results show that the recall, precision, F1 score, and false detection rate of the pruned model reach 100%, 100%, 1, and 0%, respectively; the video detection frame rate reaches 35 fps and the model size is only 732 KB. It can be seen that this method greatly simplifies the model without loss of precision, providing an effective method for the identification of PCCP wire break signals, while the lightweight model is more conducive to the embedded deployment of a PCCP wire break monitoring system.
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Käding, Max, and Steffen Marx. "Acoustic Emission Monitoring in Prestressed Concrete: A Comparative Study of Signal Attenuation from Wire Breaks and Rebound Hammer Impulses." Applied Sciences 14, no. 7 (2024): 3045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14073045.
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Acoustic emission monitoring (AEM) has emerged as an effective technique for detecting wire breaks resulting from, e.g., stress corrosion cracking, and its application on prestressed concrete bridges is increasing. The success of this monitoring measure depends crucially on a carefully designed sensor layout. For this, the attenuation of elastic waves within the structure’s material is ideally determined in situ through object-related measurements (ORMs) with a reproducible signal source, typically a rebound hammer. This assumes that the attenuation coefficients derived from rebound hammer tests are comparable to those from wire breaks, thus allowing their results to be directly applied to wire break detection without further adjustments. This study challenges this assumption by analysing attenuation behaviour through an extensive dataset. Employing time-domain and frequency analysis, the research generates attenuation profiles from laboratory experiments and in situ measurements across various girders and bridge structures, extracting the slope and residual standard deviation (RSD). While generally validating this approach, the findings highlight differences in attenuation behaviour from among wire break signals and rebound hammer impulses, whereby the latter potentially underestimates the relevant attenuation of wire breaks by approximately 20%. Consequently, a transfer factor is proposed to adjust ORM results obtained with the rebound hammer for wire break scenarios. It consists of a scaling factor of 1.2 to modify the average attenuation coefficient and a constant term of ±1.0 dB/m to cover a 95% confidence interval, and thus, account for sample scattering. Moreover, the anisotropic attenuation behaviour across different structures was studied, showing that transverse attenuation consistently exceeds the longitudinal, significantly influenced by structural features such as voids. In prefabricated concrete bridges with in situ-cast concrete slabs, transverse signal transmission remains unhindered across multiple elements. Finally, the results provide a valuable reference for the design of sensor layouts in bridge monitoring, particularly benefiting scenarios where direct in situ experiences are lacking.
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Zhan, Wei Xia, Ji Wen Tan, and Yan Wen. "Denoising Algorithm Based on Correlation of Inter Scales Wavelet Coefficient for Damage Signal of Wire Rope." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 2027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.2027.
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In order to remove noise in the broken wire signal of wire rope, a new denoising algorithm based on the correlation of inter scales wavelet coefficient was proposed. Because the wavelet coefficient of signal has strong correlation and the wavelet coefficient of noise does not has obvious correlation, in the process of calculating threshold, an inter scales correlation factor was constructed considering the part specialty of next scale on the same position after wavelet transform. The proposed factor can adaptively adjust threshold on the position of signal and noise, thereby otaining good denoising effect and holding the break information in original signal. The actual processing effect of simulation and damage signal of wire rope shows that the proposed method, compared with the classical threshold, not only effectively removes noise in original signal and improve the signal noise ratio(SNR),but also retains the break information of inspected damage signal of wire rope.
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Li, Haoze, Ruizhen Gao, Fang Sun, Yv Wang, and Baolong Ma. "A Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe Broken Wire Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv5." Sensors 25, no. 3 (2025): 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25030977.
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The failure accidents of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) seriously affect the economic feasibility of the construction site. The traditional method of needing to stop construction for pipe inspection is time-consuming and laborious. This paper studies the PCCP broken wire identification algorithm based on deep learning. A PCCP wire-breaking test platform was built; the Distributed Fiber Acoustic Sensing Monitoring System (DAS) monitors wire-breakage events in DN4000mm PCCPs buried underground. The collected broken wire signal creates a time-frequency spectrum diagram dataset of the simulated broken wire signal through continuous wavelet transform (CWT). Considering the location of equipment limitations, based on the YOLOv5 algorithm, a lightweight algorithm, YOLOv5-Break is proposed for broken wire monitoring. Firstly, MobileNetV3 is used to replace the YOLOv5 network backbone, and Dynamic Conv is used to replace Conv in C3 to reduce redundant computation and memory access; the coordinate attention mechanism is integrated into the C3 module to make the algorithm pay more attention to location information; at the same time, CIOU is replaced by Focal_EIoU to make the algorithm pay more attention to high-quality samples and balance the uneven problem of complex and easy examples. The YOLOv5-Break algorithm achieves a mAP of 97.72% on the self-built broken wire dataset, outperforming YOLOv8, YOLOv9, and YOLOv10. Notably, YOLOv5-Break reduces the model weight to 7.74 MB, 46.25% smaller than YOLOv5 and significantly lighter than YOLOv8s and YOLOv9s. With a computational cost of 8.3 GFLOPs, YOLOv5-Break is 71.0% and 78.5% more efficient than YOLOv8s and YOLOv9s. It can be seen that the lightweight algorithm YOLOv5-Break proposed in this article simplifies the algorithm without losing accuracy. Moreover, the lightweight algorithm does not require high hardware computing power and can be better arranged in the PCCP broken wire monitoring system.
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Zhan, Wei Xia, Ji Wen Tan, and Yan Wen. "De-Noising of Damage Signal in Wire Rope Based on Adaptive Lifting Wavelet." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2556.
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At the basis of the adaptive lifting wavelet transform, a method was proposed for solving the problem of noise suppression of the wire rope damage signals. A wavelet with damage property was constructed via lifting scheme, that is,the adaptive update-filter and the adaptive predict-filter were designed using the statistics information of the wire rope damage signals. And the compromise algorithm between software-threshold and hard-threshold was used in the threshold processing. The traditional wavelet and the above proposed transform are applied in de-noising of the practical acquisition of wire rope damage signal. The contrast experiments show that the noise elimination with the improved lifting scheme is better than that achieved by traditional wavelet transform. Moreover, this presented scheme retains the effective information in the break signals and greatly improves the design flexibility and the process speed.
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Belmas, I., O. Bilous, G. Tancura, and A. Shvachka. "Analysis of the operation of the electrical current supply scheme to two cables of a multilayer wire rope." Collection of Research Papers of the National Mining University 72 (March 2023): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/72.133.
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Purpose. Regular inspection of cables on cable-stayed bridges is key to ensuring the safety of people's lives. However, the detection signals are usually complicated by the interwoven structures of the ropes, which cause the rope defect signal and the strand signal to be mixed. To ensure the working capacity of the wire rope, it is necessary to regularly check the integrity of the cables. Research methodology. Analytical methods of observations and mathematical and statistical data processing are used in the work; system analysis when developing criteria for assessing the actual technical condition of wire ropes; the method of mathematical modeling in the development of prognostic models of cable breaks. Research results. The paper analyzes the cable rope control system when changing the parameters of the lengths of the electric current applied to two cables, and shows the nature of the distribution when the number of the damaged cable is changed to another. The obtained results demonstrate the necessity of using this method of input, because the system clearly works in different cases. Scientific novelty. The automatic cable break detection system with the function of determining the place of damage allows in automatic mode during the operation of a lifting machine equipped with a flat rubber rope to monitor the technical condition of the cables vulcanized in a rubber shell and to stop the machine in the event of a break of any cable. The change in the electric voltage between the ends of the twisted cable depends on the length of the rope as follows: with a rope length of 10 m - the potential difference does not exceed 7V, and at 100 m - 106, at 300 m - 1015 proportionally depends on the square root and the product of the electrical resistance of the cable and the specific conductivity of rubber layers of rope. Practical value. The introduction of an automatic control system will make it possible to quickly make decisions aimed at eliminating damage to flat single-layer and cable-stayed multi-layer ropes, stop the "development" of damage, reduce time spent on restoring the working condition of the lifting machine, and most importantly - increase its reliability and safety of operation.
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Lee, Gyeong-Geun, Jun-Kue Park, Soonwoo Han, et al. "Development of a Magnetic Rope Testing System Using Hall Sensors and Its Wire-Break Signal Analysis." JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING 44, no. 5 (2024): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7779/jksnt.2024.44.5.361.
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Ding, Xiaochuan, Yao Zhao, Ali Hassan, et al. "Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing of Optical Overpass." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (2022): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071158.
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With the rapid increase in information density, problems such as signal crosstalk and crossover restrict the further expansion of chip integration levels and packaging density. Based on this, a novel waveguide structure—photonic jumper wire—is proposed here to break through the technical restrictions in waveguide crossing and parallel line wrapping, which hinder the integration of photonic chips. Furthermore, we fabricated the optical overpass to realize a more complex on-chip optical cross-connection. Our method and structure promote a series of practical schemes for improving optical chip integration.
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Fiedler, Max, Ronghua Xu, Alexander Lange, Steffen Marx, Jörn Ostermann, and Thorsten Betz. "Wire Break Detection in Hybrid Towers of Wind Turbines: A Novel Application to Monitor Tendons Using Acoustic Emission Analysis." Applied Sciences 15, no. 4 (2025): 2164. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15042164.
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The growing significance of wind energy in supplying renewable electricity underlines the increasing importance of wind turbine efficiency. Hybrid towers, integrating steel and pre-stressed concrete in a stacked structure, address traditional limitations in nacelle height but face new vulnerabilities, exemplified by a collapse in September 2021. This highlights the crucial need for continuous monitoring, particularly of the tower structure’s tendons. This study introduces acoustic emission monitoring as a novel approach for the early detection of wire breaks within the highly stressed tendons of hybrid towers. The investigations described focus on evaluating the suitability of this method for the specific use case and developing a generalized monitoring approach. Accordingly, background noise in an operating wind turbine tower was recorded and analyzed over a year-long operational period. Correlation analyses of these data unveiled intricate relationships between operational parameters and noise levels, with wind speed, rotor speed, and blade pitch angle exerting influence. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a full-scale specimen, and wire breaks were artificially provoked to characterize the damage signal and assess its attenuation in relevant structural components. The experimental results were integrated into a stochastic model to determine feasible sensor distances, aiming for a 90% probability of detection at a 95% confidence level. Low attenuation along the tendon was identified, enabling reliable detection over significant distances. Nevertheless, practical considerations suggest a focus on tendon anchorages, with the potential for grouped monitoring in specific areas to optimize sensor deployment. The study proposes a sensor network configuration to enhance the safety and reliability of wind turbine structures.
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Pai, Kai-Jun. "A Reformatory Model Incorporating PNGV Battery and Three-Terminal-Switch Models to Design and Implement Feedback Compensations of LiFePO4 Battery Chargers." Electronics 8, no. 2 (2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8020126.
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This study developed and implemented a LiFePO4 battery pack (LBP) rapid charger. Using the three-terminal switch and partnership for a new generation of vehicles (PNGV) battery models, this study could obtain a small-signal system matrix to derive transfer functions and further analyze frequency responses for the charge voltage and current loops; therefore, both voltage and current feedback controllers could be designed to fulfill the constant-voltage (CV) and constant-current (CC) charges. To address practical applications, the proposed equivalent model also considered the wire resistance-inductance of the power cable. According to the derived high-order transfer function, the pole-zero break frequency in the Bode plot was observed that approximated the practical measurement; therefore, the pole-zero compensation could be accomplished for both charge loop requirements. Moreover, the design features for implementing the CV and CC charges are presented in detail herein, and the current overshoot during the start-up phase could be mitigated using the method of zero break frequency shifting and a novel proportional shifting proportional-integral control. The LBP parameter estimations, model construction processes, and frequency response analyses are also presented. The feedback compensation design based on the proposed model was validated through simulations and experiments. The results were determined to be in excellent agreement with theoretical derivations.
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Zhuang, Xiaoyan, Yijiu Zhao, Li Wang, and Houjun Wang. "UWB signal receiver with sub-Nyquist rate sampling based on compressed sensing." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 33, no. 1/2 (2013): 556–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2012-0392.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a compressed sensing (CS)-based sampling system for ultra-wide-band (UWB) signal. By exploiting the sparsity of signal, this new sampling system can sub-Nyquist sample a multiband UWB signal, whose unknown frequency support occupies only a small portion of a wide spectrum. Design/methodology/approach – A random Rademacher sequence is used to sense the signal in the frequency domain, and a matrix constructed by Hadamard basis is used to compress the signal. The probability of reconstruction is proved mathematically, and the reconstruction matrix is developed in the frequency domain. Findings – Simulation results indicate that, with an ultra-low sampling rate, the proposed system can capture and reconstruct sparse multiband UWB signals with high probability. For sparse multiband UWB signals, the proposed system has potential to break through the Shannon theorem. Originality/value – Different from the traditional sub-Nyquist techniques, the proposed sampling system not only breaks through the limitation of Shannon theorem but also avoids the barrier of input bandwidth of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs).
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Bahreisy, Budi. "PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA BAGI PELAKU PENGGUNAAN FREKUENSI RADIO TANPA IZIN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG TELEKOMUNIKASI (Criminal Of Perpetrators Of Use Of Illegal Radio Frequencies Under The Act Of Telecommunication)." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 16, no. 3 (2017): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2016.v16.265-276.
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Perkembangan pertanggungjawaban pidana sebagai pelaku tindak pidana adalah sesuai dengan tujuan dan fungsi hukum untuk memberikan sarana perlindungan masyarakat dan kesejahteran masyarakat, sebab kecenderungan melakukan pelanggaran hukum untuk memperoleh keuntungan yang sebesar-besarnya telah menjadi realita masyarakat. Telekomunikasi adalah setiap pemancaran, pengiriman, dan atau penerimaan dari setiap informasi dalam bentuk tanda-tanda, isyarat, tulisan, gambar, suara, dan bunyi melalui sistem kawat, optik, radio, atau sistem elektromagnetik lainnya, Penyiaran radio merupakan salah satu bagian dari Telekomunikasi. Perizinan adalah hal utama dari pengaturan mengenai penyiaran. Dengan kata lain, perizinan juga menjadi instrumen pengendalian tanggungjawab secara kontinyu dan berkala agar setiap lembaga penyiaran tidak menyimpang dari misi pelayanan informasi kepada publik. Seseorang dapat dimintapertanggung jawaban secara pidana adalah karena seseorang itu memiliki kesalahan.Kesalahan ada dua bentuk dalam hukum pidana.Pertama sengaja dan kelalaian keduanya sama-sama dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Pertanggungjawaban pidana dapat diminta bagi pelaku penggunaan frekuensi radio tanpa izin tercantum pada Pasal 53 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 1999 tentang Telekomunikasi yaitu dengan dipidana penjara paling lama 4 (empat) tahun dan atau denda paling banyak Rp.400.000.000AbstractThe development of criminal as perpetrators associated with the purpose and legal function to give protection facilities and prosperity to society, since the tendency to break the law to get a huge advantage have been a reality in society. Telecommunication is each broadcast, transmission, and or admission of each information in a signal, hint, writing, picture, voice and noise through the system of wire, optic, radio or another electromagnetic. The radio broadcast is one of the telecommunication. The licence is the main thing in broadcast settings. In another word, it can be charged with controlling instrument, continuously, and periodically in order to each broadcast institution does not take a side route of information service mission to the public. One can be taken a responsibility, criminally because he/she makes a mistake. It has two terms in criminal law, that is intentional and negligence, both can be charged into a criminal. The criminal responsibility may be imposed to perpetrators of radio frequency without permission as mentioned in article 53 paragraph (1) the Act of the Republic of Indonesia, Number 36, Year 1999 on Telecommunication can be punished by a maximum imprisonment of four years or a maximum fine of four hundred million rupiahs.
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Hamstad, Marvin A. "Contrasts between the Acoustic Emission Signals Generated by Monopole Versus Dipole Sources." Advanced Materials Research 13-14 (February 2006): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.13-14.61.
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Acoustic emission (AE) practitioners routinely use surface pencil lead breaks (monopoles) to observe expected AE signal characteristics. In contrast, stress-generated AE sources are almost universally composed of dipoles. Thus, understanding the primary differences between the signals generated by these two different source classes is of key importance. This research had the goal of analyzing and contrasting the AE signals generated by monopole and dipole sources. A finite-element-modeled database of AE signals provided an ideal means to study these two source types. The AE signals represented the top-surface out-of-plane displacement versus time from point sources inside an aluminum plate 4.7 mm thick. In addition, monopole sources both on the plate top surface and the edge surface were included in the database. The AE signals were obtained from both in-plane and out-of-plane monopole and dipole sources. Results were analyzed with both a 100 to 300 kHz bandpass filter and a 40 kHz high-pass filter. The wide-plate specimen domain effectively eliminated edge reflections from interfering with the direct signal arrivals.
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Rossteutscher, Immanuel, Oliver Blaschke, Florian Dötzer, Thorsten Uphues, and Klaus Stefan Drese. "Improved EMAT Sensor Design for Enhanced Ultrasonic Signal Detection in Steel Wire Ropes." Sensors 24, no. 22 (2024): 7114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24227114.
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This study is focused on optimizing electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) sensors for enhanced ultrasonic guided wave signal generation in steel cables using CAD and modern manufacturing to enable contactless ultrasonic signal transmission and reception. A lab test rig with advanced measurement and data processing was set up to test the sensors’ ability to detect cable damage, like wire breaks and abrasion, while also examining the effect of potential disruptors such as rope soiling. Machine learning algorithms were applied to improve the damage detection accuracy, leading to significant advancements in magnetostrictive measurement methods and providing a new standard for future development in this area. The use of the Vision Transformer Masked Autoencoder Architecture (ViTMAE) and generative pre-training has shown that reliable damage detection is possible despite the considerable signal fluctuations caused by rope movement.
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Jayaram, Viraaj, Aarti Sehdev, Nirag Kadakia, Ethan A. Brown, and Thierry Emonet. "Temporal novelty detection and multiple timescale integration drive Drosophila orientation dynamics in temporally diverse olfactory environments." PLOS Computational Biology 19, no. 5 (2023): e1010606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010606.
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To survive, insects must effectively navigate odors plumes to their source. In natural plumes, turbulent winds break up smooth odor regions into disconnected patches, so navigators encounter brief bursts of odor interrupted by bouts of clean air. The timing of these encounters plays a critical role in navigation, determining the direction, rate, and magnitude of insects’ orientation and speed dynamics. Disambiguating the specific role of odor timing from other cues, such as spatial structure, is challenging due to natural correlations between plumes’ temporal and spatial features. Here, we use optogenetics to isolate temporal features of odor signals, examining how the frequency and duration of odor encounters shape the navigational decisions of freely-walking Drosophila. We find that fly angular velocity depends on signal frequency and intermittency–the fraction of time signal can be detected–but not directly on durations. Rather than switching strategies when signal statistics change, flies smoothly transition between signal regimes, by combining an odor offset response with a frequency-dependent novelty-like response. In the latter, flies are more likely to turn in response to each odor hit only when the hits are sparse. Finally, the upwind bias of individual turns relies on a filtering scheme with two distinct timescales, allowing rapid and sustained responses in a variety of signal statistics. A quantitative model incorporating these ingredients recapitulates fly orientation dynamics across a wide range of environments and shows that temporal novelty detection, when combined with odor motion detection, enhances odor plume navigation.
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Grigoriev, Sergey N., Petr M. Pivkin, Mikhail P. Kozochkin, et al. "Physicomechanical Nature of Acoustic Emission Preceding Wire Breakage during Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) of Advanced Cutting Tool Materials." Metals 11, no. 11 (2021): 1865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111865.
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The field of applied wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is rapidly expanding due to rapidly increasing demand for parts made of hard-to-machine materials. Hard alloys composed of WC, TiC and Co are advanced cutting materials widely used in industry due to the excellent combination of hardness and toughness, providing them obvious advantages over other cutting materials, such as cubic boron nitride, ceramics, diamond or high-speed steel. A rational choice of the WEDM modes is extremely important to ensure the dimensional quality of the manufactured cutting inserts, while roughness of the machined surface on the cutting edge is of great importance with regards to the application of wear-resistant coatings, which increases tool life. However, the stock control systems of CNC WEDM machines, which are based on assessment of electrical parameters such as amperage and voltage, are unable to timely detect conditions at which a threat of wire breakage appears and to prevent wire breakage by stopping the electrode feed and flushing out the interelectrode gap (IEG) when hard alloys with high heat resistance and low heat conductivity, such as WC, TiC and Co composites, are being machined, due to the inability to distinguish the working pulses and pulses that expend a part of their energy heating and removing electroerosion products contaminating the working zone. In this paper, the physicomechanical nature of the WEDM of hard alloy WC 88% + TiC 6% + Co 6% was investigated, and the possibility of using acoustic emission parameters for controlling WEDM stability and productivity were explored. Acoustic emission (AE) signals were recorded in octave bands with central frequencies of 1–3 and 10–20 kHz. It was found that at the initial moment, when the dielectric fluid is virtually free of contaminants, the amplitude of the high-frequency component of the VA signal has its highest value. However, as the contamination of the working zone by electroerosion products increases, the amplitude of the high-frequency component of the AE signal decreases while the low-frequency component increases in an octave of 1–3 kHz. By the time of the wire breakage, the amplitude of the high-frequency component in the octave of 10–20 kHz had reduced by more than 5-fold, the amplitude of the low-frequency component in the octave of 1–3 kHz had increased by more than 2-fold, and their ratio, coefficient Kf, decreased by 12-fold. To evaluate the efficiency of Kf as a diagnostic parameter, the quality of the surface being machined was investigated. The analysis of residual irregularities on the surface at the electrode breakage point showed the presence of deep cracks and craters typical of short-circuit machining. It was also found that the workpiece surface was full of deposits/sticks, whose chemical composition was identical to that of the wire material. The presence of the deposits evidenced heating and melting of the wire due to the increased concentration of contaminants causing short circuits. It was also shown that the wire breakage was accompanied by the “neck” formation, which indicated simultaneous impacts of the local heating of the wire material and tensile forces. Due to the elevated temperature, the mechanical properties the wire material are quickly declining, a “neck” is being formed, and, finally, the wire breaks. At the wire breakage point, sticks/deposits of the workpiece material and electroerosion products were clearly visible, which evidenced a partial loss of the pulses’ energy on heating the electroerosion products and electrodes. A further increase in the contamination level led to short circuits and subsequent breakage of the wire electrode. It was shown that in contrast to the conventional controlling scheme, which is based on the assessment of amperage and voltage only, the analysis of VA signals clearly indicates the risk of wire breakage due to contamination of the working zone, discharge localization and subsequent short circuits. The monotonic dependence of WEDM productivity on AE parameters provides the possibility of adaptive adjustment of the wire electrode feed rate to the highest WEDM productivity at a given contamination level. As the concentration of contaminants increases, the feed rate of the wire electrode should decrease until the critical value of the diagnostic parameter Kf, at which the feed stops and the IEG flushes out, is reached. The link between the AE signals and physicomechanical nature of the WEDM of advanced cutting materials with high heat resistance and low heat conductivity in different cutting modes clearly shows that the monitoring of AE signals can be used as a main or supplementary component of control systems for CNC WEDM machines.
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La Plante, Paul, Jackson Sipple, and Adam Lidz. "Prospects for kSZ2–Galaxy Cross-correlations during Reionization." Astrophysical Journal 928, no. 2 (2022): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac5752.
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Abstract We explore a new approach for extracting reionization-era contributions to the kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (kSZ) effect. Our method utilizes the cross-power spectrum between filtered and squared maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and photometric galaxy surveys during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). This kSZ2–galaxy cross-power spectrum statistic has been successfully detected at lower redshifts (z ≲ 1.5). Here we extend this method to z ≳ 6 as a potential means to extract signatures of patchy reionization. We model the expected signal across multiple photometric redshift bins using seminumeric simulations of the reionization process. In principle, the cross-correlation statistic robustly extracts reionization-era contributions to the kSZ signal, while its redshift evolution yields valuable information regarding the timing of reionization. Specifically, the model cross-correlation signal near ℓ ∼ 1000 peaks during the early stages of the EoR, when about 20% of the volume of the universe is ionized. Detectable ℓ modes mainly reflect squeezed-triangle configurations of the related bispectrum, quantifying correlations between the galaxy overdensity field on large scales and the smaller-scale kSZ power. We forecast the prospects for detecting this signal using future wide-field samples of Lyman-break galaxies from the Roman Space Telescope and next-generation CMB surveys including the Simons Observatory, CMB-S4, and CMB-HD. We find that a roughly 13σ detection is possible for CMB-HD and Roman after summing over all ℓ modes. We discuss the possibilities for improving this approach and related statistics, with the aim of moving beyond simple detections to measure the scale and redshift dependence of the cross-correlation signals.
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Jiao, Lingxiu, and Wooil M. Moon. "Detection of seismic refraction signals using a variance fractal dimension technique." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 1 (2000): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444719.
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Seismic signals in deep crustal surveys are often contaminated with various types of noise, mainly caused by the low signal‐to‐noise (S/N) earth environment. A variance fractal dimension (VFD) technique is investigated and tested with real data sets for detection of seismic refraction signals from background noise. The data tested in this study were collected during the 1992 Lithoprobe Abitibi‐Grenville Transect high‐resolution refraction and wide‐angle reflection seismic experiments. The sharpness of transition features on the VFD trajectory is used as a criterion for distinguishing specific seismic phases. The window size and window interval applied in the application of VFD technique were determined using synthetic seismic data for generation of the optimum VFD trajectory. The window size of 48 samples and the window interval of 8 sample intervals were chosen to calculate the fractal dimension values and create the trajectories for detecting phases Pg, Pn, PmP, and ground roll. The VFD technique was also tested and applied for automatic detection of the first breaks in the high‐resolution seismic reflection data collected during the 1990 Lithoprobe regional and high‐resolution seismic surveys. The sharp transition features corresponding to the first arrivals in the seismic reflection data are distinct and provide us with a robust and powerful tool for separating the seismic signals from noise.
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Fistonich, Chris, Sandra Zehentmeier, Jeffrey J. Bednarski, et al. "Cell circuits between B cell progenitors and IL-7+ mesenchymal progenitor cells control B cell development." Journal of Experimental Medicine 215, no. 10 (2018): 2586–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20180778.
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B cell progenitors require paracrine signals such as interleukin-7 (IL-7) provided by bone marrow stromal cells for proliferation and survival. Yet, how B cells regulate access to these signals in vivo remains unclear. Here we show that proB and IL-7+ cells form a cell circuit wired by IL-7R signaling, which controls CXCR4 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and restricts proB cell movement due to increased adhesion to IL-7+CXCL12Hi cells. PreBCR signaling breaks this circuit by switching the preB cell behavior into a fast-moving and lower-adhesion state via increased CXCR4 and reduced FAK/α4β1 expression. This behavioral change reduces preB cell exposure to IL-7, thereby attenuating IL-7R signaling in vivo. Remarkably, IL-7 production is downregulated by signals provided by preB cells with unrepaired double-stranded DNA breaks and by preB acute lymphoblastic leukemic cells. Combined, these studies revealed that distinct cell circuits control the quality and homeostasis of B cell progenitors.
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Leonardi, Simone, Giuseppe Rizzo, and Maurizio Morisio. "Automated Classification of Fake News Spreaders to Break the Misinformation Chain." Information 12, no. 6 (2021): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12060248.
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In social media, users are spreading misinformation easily and without fact checking. In principle, they do not have a malicious intent, but their sharing leads to a socially dangerous diffusion mechanism. The motivations behind this behavior have been linked to a wide variety of social and personal outcomes, but these users are not easily identified. The existing solutions show how the analysis of linguistic signals in social media posts combined with the exploration of network topologies are effective in this field. These applications have some limitations such as focusing solely on the fake news shared and not understanding the typology of the user spreading them. In this paper, we propose a computational approach to extract features from the social media posts of these users to recognize who is a fake news spreader for a given topic. Thanks to the CoAID dataset, we start the analysis with 300 K users engaged on an online micro-blogging platform; then, we enriched the dataset by extending it to a collection of more than 1 M share actions and their associated posts on the platform. The proposed approach processes a batch of Twitter posts authored by users of the CoAID dataset and turns them into a high-dimensional matrix of features, which are then exploited by a deep neural network architecture based on transformers to perform user classification. We prove the effectiveness of our work by comparing the precision, recall, and f1 score of our model with different configurations and with a baseline classifier. We obtained an f1 score of 0.8076, obtaining an improvement from the state-of-the-art by 4%.
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Liu, Chao, Yuwei Wang, Shengding Wang, et al. "Design and 3D Printing of Stretchable Conductor with High Dynamic Stability." Materials 16, no. 8 (2023): 3098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083098.
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As an indispensable part of wearable devices and mechanical arms, stretchable conductors have received extensive attention in recent years. The design of a high-dynamic-stability, stretchable conductor is the key technology to ensure the normal transmission of electrical signals and electrical energy of wearable devices under large mechanical deformation, which has always been an important research topic domestically and abroad. In this paper, a stretchable conductor with a linear bunch structure is designed and prepared by combining numerical modeling and simulation with 3D printing technology. The stretchable conductor consists of a 3D-printed bunch-structured equiwall elastic insulating resin tube and internally filled free-deformable liquid metal. This conductor has a very high conductivity exceeding 104 S cm−1, good stretchability with an elongation at break exceeding 50%, and great tensile stability, with a relative change in resistance of only about 1% at 50% tensile strain. Finally, this paper demonstrates it as a headphone cable (transmitting electrical signals) and a mobile phone charging wire (transmitting electrical energy), which proves its good mechanical and electrical properties and shows good application potential.
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Su, Mu-Chun, Shao-Jui Wang, Chen-Ko Huang, et al. "A Signal-Representation-Based Parser to Extract Text-Based Information from the Web." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 14, no. 5 (2010): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2010.p0531.
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Most of the dramatically increased amount of information available on the World Wide Web is provided via HTML and formatted for human browsing rather than for software programs. This situation calls for a tool that automatically extracts information from semistructured Web information sources, increasing the usefulness of value-added Web services. We present a <u>si</u>gnal-<u>r</u>epresentation-b<u>a</u>sed <u>p</u>arser (SIRAP) that breaks Web pages up into logically coherent groups - groups of information related to an entity, for example. Templates for records with different tag structures are generated incrementally by a Histogram-Based Correlation Coefficient (HBCC) algorithm, then records on a Web page are detected efficiently using templates generated by matching. Hundreds of Web pages from 17 state-of-the-art search engines were used to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach.
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Chen, Jian Ping, and Wei Dong. "Research of Fault Warning System of the Cooling Tower Fan Blade." Applied Mechanics and Materials 42 (November 2010): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.42.183.
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A new monitoring method is described on the basis of the technology of the cooling tower fan monitoring and failure diagnosis, the warning system uses microprogrammed control unit real-time monitoring the blade. A magnet was fixed on the tip of every blade and these magnets were uniformly distributed in the same plane. A Hall proximity switch was fixed on the air duct which was at the same plane with the magenet, and the Hall proximity switch was used as a signal acquisition sensor, and the pulse signal of the Hall proximity swith was collected through microprogrammed control unit. Using the timing and interrupt function of microprogrammed control unit, the pulse signal was analysed and processed, when the blade breaks down and deforms, the preprogramme shut down the fan and outputted a forecast alarm, so the blade accident would be prevented. It is proved that running state of the system is good by production and practice and the monitoring method can greatly improve the reliability of the fault monitoring and warning. The monitoring system has a wide application.
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Avallone, Ellis A., Jamie N. Tayar, Jennifer L. van Saders, et al. "Rotation Distributions around the Kraft Break with TESS and Kepler: The Influences of Age, Metallicity, and Binarity." Astrophysical Journal 930, no. 1 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac60a1.
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Abstract Stellar rotation is a complex function of mass, metallicity, and age and can be altered by binarity. To understand the importance of these parameters in main-sequence stars, we have assembled a sample of observations that spans a range of these parameters using a combination of observations from The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the Kepler Space Telescope. We find that while we can measure rotation periods and identify other classes of stellar variability (e.g., pulsations) from TESS light curves, instrument systematics prevent the detection of rotation signals longer than the TESS orbital period of 13.7 days. Due to this detection limit, we also use rotation periods constrained using rotational velocities measured by the APOGEE spectroscopic survey and radii estimated using the Gaia mission for both TESS and Kepler stars. From these rotation periods, we (1) find we can track rotational evolution along discrete mass tracks as a function of stellar age, (2) find we are unable to recover trends between rotation and metallicity that were observed by previous studies, and (3) note that our sample reveals that wide binary companions do not affect rotation, while close binary companions cause stars to exhibit more rapid rotation than single stars.
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Cai, Yan-Chuan, Nelson Padilla, and Baojiu Li. "Testing Gravity using Void Profiles." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S308 (2014): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316010577.
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AbstractWe investigate void properties inf(R)models using N-body simulations, focusing on their differences from General Relativity (GR) and their detectability. In the Hu-Sawickif(R)modified gravity (MG) models, the halo number density profiles of voids are not distinguishable from GR. In contrast, the samef(R)voids are more empty of dark matter, and their profiles are steeper. This can in principle be observed by weak gravitational lensing of voids, for which the combination of a spectroscopic redshift and a lensing photometric redshift survey over the same sky is required. Neglecting the lensing shape noise, thef(R)model parameter amplitudesfR0=10-5and 10-4may be distinguished from GR using the lensing tangential shear signal around voids by 4 and 8 σ for a volume of 1 (Gpc/h)3. The line-of-sight projection of large-scale structure is the main systematics that limits the significance of this signal for the near future wide angle and deep lensing surveys. For this reason, it is challenging to distinguishfR0=10-6from GR. We expect that this can be overcome with larger volume. The halo void abundance being smaller and the steepening of dark matter void profiles inf(R)models are unique features that can be combined to break the degeneracy betweenfR0and σ8.
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Lan, Xiaowei, Chuan Wang, Bin Lv, Jian Li, Mei Zhang, and Ziyi Zhang. "3D Point Cloud Stitching for Object Detection with Wide FoV Using Roadside LiDAR." Electronics 12, no. 3 (2023): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030703.
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Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is widely used in the perception of physical environment to complete object detection and tracking tasks. The current methods and datasets are mainly developed for autonomous vehicles, which could not be directly used for roadside perception. This paper presents a 3D point cloud stitching method for object detection with wide horizontal field of view (FoV) using roadside LiDAR. Firstly, the base detection model is trained by KITTI dataset and has achieved detection accuracy of 88.94. Then, a new detection range of 180° can be inferred to break the limitation of camera’s FoV. Finally, multiple sets of detection results from a single LiDAR are stitched to build a 360° detection range and solve the problem of overlapping objects. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been evaluated using KITTI dataset and collected point clouds. The experimental results show that the point cloud stitching method offers a cost-effective solution to achieve a larger FoV, and the number of output objects has increased by 77.15% more than the base model, which improves the detection performance of roadside LiDAR.
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Paleček, Emil. "Early stage of nucleic acid electrochemistry. Detection of DNA damage in X-ray-irradiated rats." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 76, no. 12 (2011): 1799–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2011151.
Full textAbstract:
First papers on electroactivity of DNA and RNA were published more then 50 years ago. For about 8 years oscillographic polarography at controlled a.c. (OP, proposed by J. Heyrovský already in 1941) was the method of choice for DNA analysis. Since approximately 1954 Robert Kalvoda developed OP for wide application in various fields. It is shown that already before 1960 it was possible to detect damage to DNA in X-ray-irradiated rats by means of OP. DNA samples from irradiated animals produced significantly larger OP anodic guanine signal indicating changes in the DNA structure. At present, radiation-induced strand breaks and damage to bases in DNA can be electrochemically detected at high sensitivity.
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Zu, Shaohuan, Hui Zhou, Qingqing Li, et al. "Shot-domain deblending using least-squares inversion." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 4 (2017): V241—V256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0413.1.
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Simultaneous source acquisition, which allows a temporal overlap between shot records, has significant advantages to improve data quality (e.g., denser shooting) and reduce acquisition cost (e.g., efficient wide-azimuth shooting). We have developed a novel shot-domain deblending approach for a wide-azimuth simultaneous shooting survey based on an inversion scheme. The inverse problem is formulated by introducing two convolution operators that can respectively destruct the signal and interference and is solved by a conjugate-gradient algorithm in the least-squares sense. Our approach breaks down the limit that source separation can only be implemented in some domains other than the shot domain based on the incoherency principle. Our shot-domain approach does not require the random dithering time; thus, it is very flexible to use in a wide-azimuth simultaneous shooting survey. Three numerically blended synthetic examples were developed to demonstrate the excellent performance of our method. The feasibility has been further validated via a field-data example that is numerically blended from two realistic marine towed streamers.
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Chen, Jian Ping, and Wei Dong. "Research on the Monitoring Technique of Non-Contact Running Status of Cooling Tower Fan Blades." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 2307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.2307.
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This paper presents a new monitoring method of non-contact blade status—blade tip timing monitoring method based on the principle of discontinuous phase principle, and a new monitoring system of non-contact running status of cooling tower fan blades is developed on the basis of the technology of single-chip microcomputer(SCM) and the blade tip timing monitoring method.The monitoring system is controlled by the SCM and has real-time monitoring to the blade. The pulse signal which is collected by the sensor is processed by the SCM.Through using the timing and interrupt function of SCM, the pulse signal is analysed and processed, when the blade breaks down and deforms, the system will shut down the fan and output a forecast alarm, so the blade accident will be prevented. It is proved that the monitoring method can greatly improve the reliability of the fan running status and the fault diagnosis and effectively prevent the default of the blades, so the monitoring system has a wide application value.
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KUMAR, RAJEEV. "A STATISTICAL APPROACH TO ROBUST VIDEO TEMPORAL INDEXING AND SEGMENTATION." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 05, no. 05 (2007): 769–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021969130700204x.
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For video indexing, the problem of video cut detection remains largely an open problem because of the wide nature of transitions that occur in a digital video. This paper describes a shot boundary detection technique, which is an amalgamation of few statistical methods and measures, and robustly detects camera breaks in a full-motion video clip. The proposed algorithm incorporates a weighted histogram, an error-propagation technique for increased robustness, and a curve-fitting technique to extract partitions from the similarity curve for avoiding heuristically chosen threshold value. The algorithm has been validated on many video clips and is shown to give improved results, including for videos with rapid scanning, changes in illumination, fade-ins and fade-outs, and with special effects like dissolve and filters.
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Alves Martins, Dulce, Filipa Rocha, Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez, et al. "Teleost fish larvae adapt to dietary arachidonic acid supply through modulation of the expression of lipid metabolism and stress response genes." British Journal of Nutrition 108, no. 5 (2011): 864–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511006143.
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Dietary fatty acid supply can affect stress response in fish during early development. Although knowledge on the mechanisms involved in fatty acid regulation of stress tolerance is scarce, it has often been hypothesised that eicosanoid profiles can influence cortisol production. Genomic cortisol actions are mediated by cytosolic receptors which may respond to cellular fatty acid signalling. An experiment was designed to test the effects of feeding gilthead sea-bream larvae with four microdiets, containing graded arachidonic acid (ARA) levels (0·4, 0·8, 1·5 and 3·0 %), on the expression of genes involved in stress response (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, glucocorticoid receptor and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase), lipid and, particularly, eicosanoid metabolism (hormone-sensitive lipase, PPARα, phospholipase A2, cyclo-oxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase), as determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Fish fatty acid phenotypes reflected dietary fatty acid profiles. Growth performance, survival after acute stress and similar whole-body basal cortisol levels suggested that sea-bream larvae could tolerate a wide range of dietary ARA levels. Transcription of all genes analysed was significantly reduced at dietary ARA levels above 0·4 %. Nonetheless, despite practical suppression of phospholipase A2 transcription, higher leukotriene B4 levels were detected in larvae fed 3·0 % ARA, whereas a similar trend was observed regarding PGE2 production. The present study demonstrates that adaptation to a wide range of dietary ARA levels in gilthead sea-bream larvae involves the modulation of the expression of genes related to eicosanoid synthesis, lipid metabolism and stress response. The roles of ARA, other polyunsaturates and eicosanoids as signals in this process are discussed.
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Dhariwal, Raman, Shailendra Vyas, Govindraj R. Bhaganagare, et al. "Analysis of differentially expressed genes in leaf rust infected bread wheat involving seedling resistance gene Lr28." Functional Plant Biology 38, no. 6 (2011): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp10246.
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Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of seedling resistance to leaf rust conferred by Lr28 gene in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes during incompatible interaction. A virulent leaf rust race 77–5 was used for inoculation of resistant (HD2329 + Lr28) and susceptible (HD2329 – Lr28) wheat NILs and cDNA-AFLP analyses was carried out. As many as 223 differential transcripts appeared following leaf rust inoculation; these included 122 transcripts that appeared exclusively in resistant NIL, whereas 39 transcripts appeared both in resistant and susceptible NILs. Sequence analyses of 37 transcripts, which appeared in the resistant NIL revealed that 15 transcripts had homology with genes involved in protein synthesis, signal transduction, transport, disease resistance and metabolism. The functions of remaining 22 transcripts could not be determined; these included six novel genes reported for the first time in wheat. Specific primers could be designed for 18 of the 37 transcripts, which included genes with putative and unknown functions. Quantitative real time PCR analysis was conducted using these 18 pairs of primers. A majority (13) of these transcripts appeared within 48 h reaching a peak value at 96 h in resistant NIL signifying their role in providing leaf rust resistance.
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Jackson, Stephen P. "The DNA-damage response: new molecular insights and new approaches to cancer therapy." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 3 (2009): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0370483.
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The DNA of all cells is continually under assault from a wide range of DNA-damaging agents. To counter this threat to their genetic integrity, cells possess systems, collectively known as the DDR (DNA-damage response), to detect DNA damage, signal its presence and mediate its repair. In the present article, I provide an overview of the DDR and then describe how work in my laboratory and elsewhere has identified some of the key protein players that mediate cellular responses to the most cytotoxic form of DNA damage: the DNA DSB (double-strand break). I also discuss some of my laboratory's recent work, which has revealed that the way cells respond to DSBs is modulated in a cell-cycle-dependent manner to ensure that the cell uses the DSB repair system that is most suited to its cell-cycle stage. Finally, I explain how our increasing knowledge of the DDR is suggesting new avenues for treating cancer and provide an example of a DDR-inhibitory drug that is showing promise in clinical trials.
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Davies, Christopher T., Marius Cautun, and Baojiu Li. "The self-similarity of weak lensing peaks." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 488, no. 4 (2019): 5833–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2157.
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ABSTRACT We study the statistics of weak lensing convergence peaks, such as their abundance and two-point correlation function (2PCF), for a wide range of cosmological parameters Ωm and σ8 within the standard ΛCDM paradigm, focusing on intermediate-height peaks with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 1.5–3.5. We find that the cosmology dependence of the peak abundance can be described by a one-parameter fitting formula that is accurate to within $\sim 3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. The peak 2PCFs are shown to feature a self-similar behaviour: if the peak separation is rescaled by the mean interpeak distance, catalogues with different minimum peak SNR values have identical clustering, which suggests that the peak abundance and clustering are closely interconnected. A simple fitting model for the rescaled 2PCF is given, which together with the peak abundance model above can predict peak 2PCFs with an accuracy better than $\sim 5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. The abundance and 2PCFs for intermediate peaks have very different dependencies on Ωm and σ8, implying that their combination can be used to break the degeneracy between these two parameters.
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Sakr, Nachaat. "Fusarium species causing head blight in wheat and barley show no vertical races." Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies 2024 (30), no. 2 (2024): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.59463/japt.2024.2.10.
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On a global scale, Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most noxious diseases of wheat and barley. One or two Fusarium species out of 17 pathogens implicated in the complex FHB disease do not have vertical races following infection in bread wheat; however, no reports support this observation in durum wheat and barley. To end this, 16 fungal isolates of varying aggressiveness of four Fusarium species were tested on eight bread and durum wheat and barley cultivars covering a wide range from moderate resistance to susceptibility. Nine pathogenic components obtained under in vitro, growth chamber and field conditions were measured to determine whether true vertical races exist within the four tested Fusarium species. Although combined analysis of bio-experiments showed that isolate × cultivar interactions were significant, this relationship was unstable over experiments. However, the tested three bread wheat, three durum wheat and two barley cultivars showed consistent resistance to fungal isolates within each tested species, showing that F. culmorum, F. solani, F. verticillioides, and F. equiseti do not have vertical races. Our data concluded that the resistance to FHB in wheat and barley was of the horizontal and non-species specific type. There was no signal for any vertical genes in all tested Fusarium species. Consequently, the resistance genes in sources presently employed in breeding programs are not expected to succumb to new FHB races in the near future. To our best knowledge, this is the first report to show the absence of vertical Fusarium races upon infection durum wheat and barley, and is harmony with earlier reports conduced with bread wheat infected with F. graminearum and F. culmorum.
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Nakamura, Katsuya, Yoshikazu Kobayashi, Kenichi Oda, and Satoshi Shigemura. "Application of Classified Elastic Waves for AE Source Localization Based on Self-Organizing Map." Applied Sciences 13, no. 9 (2023): 5745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13095745.
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Acoustic emission (AE) source localization has been used to visualize progress failures generated in a wide variety of materials. In the conventional approaches, AE source localization algorithms assume that the AE signal is propagated as a straight line. However, it is supposed that progress failures form heterogeneity of elastic wave velocity distributions. Hence, with the conventional source localization, it is expected that the localization accuracy is reduced in heterogeneous materials since diffraction and refraction waves are generated. Thus, if the straight propagation waves are classified, conventional source localizations are performed in the heterogeneous materials. The self-organizing map (SOM) is one of the unsupervised learning methods, and the SOM has potential to classify straight propagation waves for the source localizations. However, the application of classified AE signals in source localization is not popular. If classified AE signals are applied to the time difference of arrival (TDOA) method, which is the popular localization method, it is expected that number of visualized sources are decreased because the algorithm does not consider the selection of the propagated wave. Although ray tracing has potential to localize a larger number of sources than the TDOA method, it is expected that the localized sources are less accurate in comparison with results of the TDOA method. In this study, classified waves were applied to two of the source localizations, and model tests based on pencil-lead breaks (PLBs) generating artificial AE sources were conducted to validate the performance of the source localizations with classified waves. The results of the validation confirmed that the maximum error in the TDOA method is larger in comparison with ray tracing conducted with 20 mm intervals of source candidates. Moreover, ray tracing localizes the same number of sources as the number of PLB tests. Therefore, ray tracing is expected to more practically localize AE sources than the TDOA method if classified waves are applied.
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Yue, B., and A. Ferrara. "Studying high-z galaxies with [C ii] intensity mapping." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, no. 2 (2019): 1928–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2728.
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ABSTRACT We investigate the [C ii] line intensity mapping (IM) signal from galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) to assess its detectability, the possibility to constrain the $L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}\!-\!{\rm SFR}$ relation, and to recover the [C ii] luminosity function (LF) from future experiments. By empirically assuming that ${\rm log}\,L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}={\rm log}\,A+\gamma {\rm SFR}\pm \sigma _\mathrm{ L}$, we derive the [C ii] LF from the observed UV LF, and the [C ii] IM power spectrum. We study the shot noise and the full power spectrum separately. Although, in general, the shot-noise component has a much higher signal-to-noise ratio than the clustering one, it cannot be used to put independent constraints on log A and γ. Full power spectrum measurements are crucial to break such degeneracy and reconstruct the [C ii] LF. In our fiducial survey S1 (inspired by CCAT-p/1000 h) at z ∼ 6, the shot-noise (clustering) signal is detectable for two (one) of the five considered $L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}\!-\!{\rm SFR}$ relations. The shot noise is generally dominated by galaxies with $L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}\gtrsim 10^{8}\!-\!10^{9}~ \mathrm{L}_\odot$ (MUV ∼ −20 to −22), already at reach of ALMA pointed observations. However, given the small field of view of such telescope, an IM experiment would provide unique information on the bright end of the LF. The detection depth of an IM experiment crucially depends on the (poorly constrained) $L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}\!-\!{\rm SFR}$ relation in the EoR. If the $L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}\!-\!{\rm SFR}$ relation varies in a wide log A–γ range, but still consistent with ALMA [C ii] LF upper limits, even the signal from galaxies with $L_{\rm C\,{\small II}}$ as faint as ∼107 L⊙ could be detectable. Finally, we consider the contamination by continuum foregrounds (cosmic infrared background, dust, cosmic microwave background) and CO interloping lines, and derive the requirements on the residual contamination level to reliably extract the [C ii] signal.
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Shan, Jin Bao, Wei Wei Jiang, and Shi Le Mu. "Soil Erosion Monitoring System of Large Areas Based on Dynamic Priority GPRS Remote Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2015–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2015.
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Soil and water loss monitoring is an important part of work for soil and water conservation, the monitoring and assessment of soil and water loss in large area is related to many security field. The remote GPRS network control system is used for large area soil and water loss monitoring in this paper, monitoring system is designed and implemented for soil and water loss based on dynamic priority mountains of GPRS remote network. The hardware and software of the system is realized, in the design of software, the particle swarm optimization algorithms is used to analyze some information distortion, the calculation of the loss is optimized and it is more accurate. Soil and water loss in Nanjing area with a wide range of incentives in the mountain is taken for test, the system can give the mountain soil erosion data monitoring in real-time, the monitoring area is more than 10 square kilometers with signals not break, and the accuracy is better.
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Farheen Shaikh. "Pre-Heart Attack Alarm System." International Journal of Enhanced Research In Science Technology & Engineering 11, no. 05 (2022): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.55948/ijerste.2022.11501.
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Heart beat is a unit of computing or counting extremity of heart function, whose unit is beat per minute (bpm). Heart has pacemaker cells that creates electrical waves, these cells cause heart rhythm for right atrium with its spread throughout the heart, blood pumping occurs. The human heart naturally break about 60 to 100 bpm, which can vary from condition to condition. Any disorder in heartbeat will lead to heart attack. Which can be detect by human beings by measuring beats. I present a heart rate measuring system which will be first microcontroller system that continuously tracking the beats and wide awake human few months before heart attack. Infrared sensor (RX sensor) will send infrared lights to the body. This sensor has a pair of transmitter and receiver. Using Photodiode (RX sensor) we will detect reflective lights from the body and this signal is sent to the microcontroller which is embedded in the casual wearable (i.e. ring or bracelet etc.) to detect hearth beat. Using this device will generate an alert to the person having increasing cholesterol after before reaching threshold specified for heart attack.
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Li, Wenqi, Yubing Yong, Yue Zhang, and Yingmin Lyu. "Transcriptional Regulatory Network of GA Floral Induction Pathway in LA Hybrid Lily." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11 (2019): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112694.
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Background: The LA hybrid lily ‘Aladdin’ has both excellent traits of Longiflorum hybrids and Asiatic hybrids—such as big and vivid flower, strong stem, high self-propagation coefficient, and shorter low temperature time required to release bulb dormancy in contrast to Oriental hybrids. A genome-wide transcriptional analysis using transcriptome RNA-Seq was performed in order to explore whether there is a gibberellin floral induction pathway in the LA hybrid lily. Subsequently, gene co-expression network analysis was used to analyze the possible interactions of key candidate genes screened from transcriptome data. At the same time, a series of physiological, biochemical, and cultivation tests were carried out. Results: The content of five endogenous hormones changed sharply in the shoot apex during the treatment of 200 mg/L exogenous gibberellin and the ratio of ABA/GA3 dropped and stayed at a lower level after 4 hours’ treatment from the higher levels initially, reaching a dynamic balance. In addition, the metabolism of carbohydrates in the bulbs increase during exogenous gibberellin treatment. A total of 124,041 unigenes were obtained by RNA-seq. With the transcriptome analysis, 48,927 unigenes and 48,725 unigenes respectively aligned to the NR database and the Uniprot database. 114,138 unigenes, 25,369 unigenes, and 19,704 unigenes respectively aligned to the COG, GO, and KEGG databases. 2148 differentially expression genes (DEGs) were selected with the indicators RPKM ≥ 0, FDR ≤ 0.05 and |log2(ratio)| ≥ 2. The number of the upregulated unigenes was significantly more than the number of the downregulated unigenes. Some MADS-box genes related to flowering transformation—such as AGL20, SOC1, and CO—were found to be upregulated. A large number of gibberellin biosynthesis related genes such as GA2ox, GA3ox, GA20ox, Cytochrome P450, CYP81, and gibberellin signal transduction genes such as DELLA, GASA, and GID1 were significantly differentially expressed. The plant hormones related genes such as NCED3 and sugar metabolism related genes such as α-amylase, sucrose synthase hexokinase, and so on were also found expressing differentially. In addition, stress resistance related genes such as LEA1, LEA2, LEA4, serine/threonine protein kinase, LRR receptor-like serine/threonine protein kinase, P34 kinase, histidine kinase 3 and epigenetic related genes in DNA methylation, histone methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination of ribose were also found. Particularly, a large number of transcription factors responsive to the exogenous gibberellin signal including WRKY40, WRKY33, WRKY27, WRKY21, WRKY7, MYB, AP2/EREBP, bHLH, NAC1, NAC2, and NAC11 were found to be specially expressing. 30 gene sequences were selected from a large number of differentially expressed candidate genes for qRT-PCR expression verification (0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 h) and compared with the transcriptome expression levels. Conclusions: 200mg/L exogenous GA3 can successfully break the bulb’s dormancy of the LA hybrid lily and significantly accelerated the flowering process, indicating that gibberellin floral induction pathway is present in the LA lily ‘Aladdin’. With the GCNs analysis, two second messenger G protein-coupled receptor related genes that respond to gibberellin signals in the cell were discovered. The downstream transport proteins such as AMT, calcium transport ATPase, and plasma membrane ATPase were also discovered participating in GA signal transduction. Transcription factors including WRKY7, NAC2, NAC11, and CBF specially regulated phosphorylation and glycosylation during the ubiquitination degradation process of DELLA proteins. These transcription factors also activated in abscisic acid metabolism. A large number of transcription factors such as WRKY21, WRKY22, NAC1, AP2, EREB1, P450, and CYP81 that both regulate gibberellin signaling and low-temperature signals have also been found. Finally, the molecular mechanism of GA floral induction pathway in the LA hybrid lily ‘Aladdin’ was constructed.
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Chen, Fu Long, Zhao Xia Zhu, and Xiao Ya Fan. "FPGA-Based In-Circuit Verification of Digital Systems." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.362.
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In general hardware designers design integrated circuit with hardware description languages or schematic diagram. However the growth of circuit complexity makes circuit design error prone and time consuming. The resulting descriptions tend to be lengthy and hard to reason about. Therefore functional simulation, timing simulation and in-circuit test are three essential steps to ensure that the designed circuit is correct. This paper presents a method of in-circuit verification on FPGA using UART communication between the computer and the FPGA board. Through UART, designers can convert the parallel input vector into a set of serial stimulus signals and send them to the FPGA board, and also can receive the feedback serial signals from the FPGA board and reconvert them into a parallel output vector. Given the input and output ports of the verified circuit component, a verification platform based on UART communication will be customized automatically by the in-circuit verification platform generator. This breaks the constraint of the FPGA board's limited pins and supports wide-scale input/output vectors and can be applied in in-circuit test of digital circuit.
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Zhong, Zhenze. "Design and implementation of wireless power transfer device." Applied and Computational Engineering 81, no. 1 (2024): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/81/20241032.
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Abstract. Magnetic coupled resonant radio energy transmission (WPT) technology utilizes the coupling of the magnetic fields of the transmitting and receiving coils and wirelessly transmits energy through electromagnetic induction, greatly expanding the applications of power equipment in special environments. The technology uses the magnetic field coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil to realize the wireless transmission of energy through electromagnetic induction. This method breaks the limitation of traditional wire transmission and greatly expands the application potential of power equipment in various special environments. In this paper, an efficient, stable and long-distance wireless charging device is designed and realized. In order to improve transmission efficiency, two-coil configuration with series-series structure is adopted, and its equivalent circuit model is established by circuit theory and Kirchhoff's law. Therefore, a new radio energy transmission device based on single chip microcomputer is designed, including PWM signal generator, level matching circuit, high frequency inverter circuit and other key parts. Expressions for transmission efficiency and output power are derived from equation analysis and power-on experiments performed on a physical device. In addition, the effects of transmission frequency, load impedance and transmission distance on the performance are investigated.
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Sadeqi, Mohammad Bahman, Agim Ballvora, and Jens Léon. "Local and Bayesian Survival FDR Estimations to Identify Reliable Associations in Whole Genome of Bread Wheat." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 18 (2023): 14011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814011.
Full textAbstract:
Estimating the FDR significance threshold in genome-wide association studies remains a major challenge in distinguishing true positive hypotheses from false positive and negative errors. Several comparative methods for multiple testing comparison have been developed to determine the significance threshold; however, these methods may be overly conservative and lead to an increase in false negative results. The local FDR approach is suitable for testing many associations simultaneously based on the empirical Bayes perspective. In the local FDR, the maximum likelihood estimator is sensitive to bias when the GWAS model contains two or more explanatory variables as genetic parameters simultaneously. The main criticism of local FDR is that it focuses only locally on the effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in tails of distribution, whereas the signal associations are distributed across the whole genome. The advantage of the Bayesian perspective is that knowledge of prior distribution comes from other genetic parameters included in the GWAS model, such as linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, minor allele frequency (MAF) and call rate of significant associations. We also proposed Bayesian survival FDR to solve the multi-collinearity and large-scale problems, respectively, in grain yield (GY) vector in bread wheat with large-scale SNP information. The objective of this study was to obtain a short list of SNPs that are reliably associated with GY under low and high levels of nitrogen (N) in the population. The five top significant SNPs were compared with different Bayesian models. Based on the time to events in the Bayesian survival analysis, the differentiation between minor and major alleles within the association panel can be identified.
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Neffe, Axel T., Candy Löwenberg, and Andreas Lendlein. "Hydrogel networks by aliphatic dithiol Michael addition to glycidylmethacrylated gelatin." MRS Advances 6, no. 33 (2021): 796–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43580-021-00136-8.
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AbstractFunctionalization of gelatin with glycidylmethacrylate (GMA-gelatin) enables network formation employing the double bond, so that the reaction is orthogonal to the inherent functional groups in the biomacromolecule. Here, network formation by crosslinking of GMA-gelatin with hexane 1,6-dithiol or nonane 1,9-dithiol to tailor properties and enable a shape-memory effect is shown by 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Hydrogel swelling (460–1900 vol%) and mechanical properties (Young’s modulus E = 59–512 kPa, elongation at break εb = 44–127%) depended on the molecular composition of the networks and temperature. Increased crosslinker length, thiol:methacrylate molar ratio, and precursor concentrations led to denser networks. Change of properties with temperature suggested adoption of triple helices by gelatin chains, forming physical netpoints at lower temperatures (< 20 °C). However, the limited freedom of the gelatin chains to move allowed only a minimal extent of triple helices formation, as it became apparent from the related signal in wide-angle X-ray scattering and the thermal transition associated to triple helices in some networks by DSC. The presented strategy is likely transferable to other biomacromolecules, and the results suggest that too short crosslinkers may result in a significant amount of grafting rather than network formation. Graphic abstract
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M., Sravani, and Ravi Kumar G. "Power Quality Improvement through 84 Pulse Voltage Source Converter." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 9, no. 3 (2022): 58–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10643840.
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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices is a system composed of static equipment used for the AC transmission of electrical energy. The device have been proposed for dynamic control voltage, impedance, and phase angle in high voltage AC lines. It refers to a family of power electronics-based devices able to enhance AC system controllability and stability and to increase power transfer capability. The application of this technology has opened new and better opportunities for an appropriate transmission and distribution control. The injection principle used in this proposal to be considered as a reasonable solution to the sinusoidal synthetization due to the reduced number of required switches. The injection transformer is one of the most important elements in this configuration, which has a wide range of turns ratio variation. The conventional PI controllers applied to maintain the output voltage of the Stat Com around nominal conditions exhibit poor performance under severe disturbances, where the error signal jumps with big steps in magnitude. The strategy followed in this research, employs the error and errors variation to break down the control action into smaller sections that can be selected according to simple rules. Simulation results evidence the proposals suitability validating each part of the device.
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Kozochkin, M. P., O. V. Zhed, and T. H. Maung. "THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF VIBRATION PARAMETERS ACCOMPANYING VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES WITH TEMPERATURE CHANGES." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 268 (October 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.10.pp.056-063.
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Successful monitoring of technological processes using control of vibro-acoustic (VA) signals largely depends on the clarity of physical phenomena that determine the correlation between the functional parameters of the technological process and the diagnostic signs of vibration parameters. This article discusses such a relationship between vibration parameters and temperature in the core of technological processes. The experiments showed a stable pattern of changes in the parameters of VA signals with a change in the state of cutting tools in various technological processes associated with blade processing of workpieces. As such a parameter (Kf), the article considers the ratio of effective amplitudes in two frequency ranges: high-frequency and low-frequency. The most informative combination of frequency ranges is selected experimentally and depends on the dynamic characteristics of a particular elastic system. The paper gives examples of Kf changes for turning and grinding processes. To identify the nature of this phenomenon, experiments with the action of laser pulses on a steel plate with parallel recording of VA signals are considered. As a result, it is concluded that the Kf change is associated with a temperature increase in the frictional contact of the tool and the part when the cutting ability of the tool blade deteriorates. The work emphasizes that in the implementation of technological processes there are conditions that violate the described regularity. As such an example, the article shows an example of intense self-oscillations that changes the temperature regime in the contact zone. At the end of the work, it was shown that even during electric discharge machining, by changing the parameter Kf, it is possible to prevent short circuits and breaks in wire electrodes.
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Kozochkin, M. P., O. V. Zhed, and T. H. Maung. "THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF VIBRATION PARAMETERS ACCOMPANYING VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES WITH TEMPERATURE CHANGES." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 268 (October 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.10.pp.056-063.
Full textAbstract:
Successful monitoring of technological processes using control of vibro-acoustic (VA) signals largely depends on the clarity of physical phenomena that determine the correlation between the functional parameters of the technological process and the diagnostic signs of vibration parameters. This article discusses such a relationship between vibration parameters and temperature in the core of technological processes. The experiments showed a stable pattern of changes in the parameters of VA signals with a change in the state of cutting tools in various technological processes associated with blade processing of workpieces. As such a parameter (Kf), the article considers the ratio of effective amplitudes in two frequency ranges: high-frequency and low-frequency. The most informative combination of frequency ranges is selected experimentally and depends on the dynamic characteristics of a particular elastic system. The paper gives examples of Kf changes for turning and grinding processes. To identify the nature of this phenomenon, experiments with the action of laser pulses on a steel plate with parallel recording of VA signals are considered. As a result, it is concluded that the Kf change is associated with a temperature increase in the frictional contact of the tool and the part when the cutting ability of the tool blade deteriorates. The work emphasizes that in the implementation of technological processes there are conditions that violate the described regularity. As such an example, the article shows an example of intense self-oscillations that changes the temperature regime in the contact zone. At the end of the work, it was shown that even during electric discharge machining, by changing the parameter Kf, it is possible to prevent short circuits and breaks in wire electrodes.
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Cavin, Lionel, Pablo Toriño, Nathan Van Vranken, Bradley Carter, Michael J. Polcyn, and Dale Winkler. "The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0259292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259292.
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Today, the only living genus of coelacanth, Latimeria is represented by two species along the eastern coast of Africa and in Indonesia. This sarcopterygian fish is nicknamed a "living fossil", in particular because of its slow evolution. The large geographical distribution of Latimeria may be a reason for the great resilience to extinction of this lineage, but the lack of fossil records for this genus prevents us from testing this hypothesis. Here we describe isolated bones (right angular, incomplete basisphenoid, fragments of parasphenoid and pterygoid) found in the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation in northeast Texas that are referred to the mawsoniid coelacanth Mawsonia sp. In order to assess the impact of this discovery on the alleged characteristic of "living fossils" in general and of coelacanths in particular: 1) we compared the average time duration of genera of ray-finned fish and coelacanth in the fossil record; 2) we compared the biogeographic signal from Mawsonia with the signal from the rest of the vertebrate assemblage of the Woodbine formation; and 3) we compared these life traits with those of Latimeria. The stratigraphical range of Mawsonia is at least 50 million years. Since Mawsonia was a fresh, brackish water fish with probably a low ability to cross large sea barriers and because most of the continental components of the Woodbine Fm vertebrate assemblage exhibit Laurasian affinities, it is proposed that the Mawsonia’s occurrence in North America is more likely the result of a vicariant event linked to the break-up of Pangea rather than the result of a dispersal from Gondwana. The link between a wide geographic distribution and the resilience to extinction demonstrated here for Mawsonia is a clue that a similar situation existed for Latimeria, which allowed this genus to live for tens of millions of years.
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Xu, Ronghua, Alexander Lange, Max Käding, Jörn Ostermann, and Steffen Marx. "Detecting wire breaks in post-tensioned tendons of wind turbines: A signal energy spectrum analysis approach." e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing 29, no. 7 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.58286/29627.
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In the wind industry, recent advancements have led to the research and development of wind turbines featuring hybrid towers, a novel combination of steel tube and precast concrete segments. These concrete modules, which absorb the high stresses caused at the intersection between the tower and its foundation, are commonly joined with post-tensioned tendons. This study focuses on the identification of wire breaks in post-tensioned tendons through the application of acoustic emission testing. Measurements involve the evaluation of wire breaks under controlled laboratory conditions and the analysis of the dynamic operational environment of a functioning wind turbine. The investigation encompasses the development and assessment of a methodology based on principles of discrete Fourier transformation and Parseval’s theorem for analyzing the frequency-dependent energy distribution of acoustic signals. This analytical approach extends to the examination of wire breaks generated under varying stress levels as well as the operational noise within the actual wind turbine. The findings demonstrate a notable concentration of energy within the frequency range of 5-20 kHz in the wire break signals. In contrast, the operational noise signals show a distinct pattern, presenting an extreme value distribution within the 0-2 kHz range. The developed methodology exhibits robustness, even in the presence of high background noise levels, establishing itself as a valuable tool for wire break detection. Additionally, its potential for integration with machine learning algorithms offers the prospect of automated wire break detection, enabling further advancements in structural health monitoring for wind turbines.