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P. Lokhande, Meghana, and Dipti D. Patil. "Network Performance Measurement through Machine to Machine Communication in TeleRobotics System." Tehnički glasnik 15, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20210205092413.
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Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication devices communicate and exchange information with each other in an independent manner to perform necessary tasks. The machine communicates with another machine over a wireless network. Wireless communication opens up the environment to huge vulnerabilities, making it very easy for hackers to gain access to sensitive information and carry out malicious actions. This paper proposes an M2M communication system through the internet in Tele-Robotics and provides network performance security. Tele-robotic systems are designed for surgery, treatment and diagnostics to be conducted across short or long distances while utilizing wireless communication networks. The systems also provide a low delay and secure communication system for the tele-robotics community and data security. The system can perform tasks autonomously and intelligently, minimizing the burden on medical staff and improving the quality and system performance of patient care. In the medical field, surgeons and patients are located at different places and connected through public networks. So the design of a medical sensor node network with LEACH protocol for secure and reliable communication ensures through the attack and without attack performance. Finally, the simulation results show low delay and reliable secure network transmission.
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Khah Razmi, Nasreen Nabi, and Amin Babazadeh Sangar. "The Use of NFC Technology to Record Medical Information in Order to Improve the Quality of Medical and Treatment Services." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 6 (April 10, 2016): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n6p136.
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Although doctors are increasingly interested in electronic systems of registering medical record, but in practice such systems are used less. Mobile devices provide a new way for accessing users to data of health cares and services in a secure environment and user-selection. Mobile health cares' systems (M-health) are considered as a solution to reduce health care costs without reducing the quality of patient care. In this paper we are going to develop a common architecture for mobile health cares' services using NFC in order to facilitate providing health cares to people anywhere and anytime using the mobile devices that are connected to wireless communication technology, to be able to provide required services by a secure and available structure for patient' information in hospitals and health centers and treatment, especially intensive care units, emergency or patients needed home care. Also it can be avoided from forgery and misuse of physicians' stamp in current versions with this system by preparing electronic version using NFC technology.
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DeMers, Gerard, Christopher Kahn, Per Johansson, Colleen Buono, Octav Chipara, William Griswold, and Theodore Chan. "Secure Scalable Disaster Electronic Medical Record and Tracking System." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 28, no. 5 (June 26, 2013): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x13008686.
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AbstractIntroductionElectronic medical records (EMRs) are considered superior in documentation of care for medical practice. Current disaster medical response involves paper tracking systems and radio communication for mass-casualty incidents (MCIs). These systems are prone to errors, may be compromised by local conditions, and are labor intensive. Communication infrastructure may be impacted, overwhelmed by call volume, or destroyed by the disaster, making self-contained and secure EMR response a critical capability.ReportAs the prehospital disaster EMR allows for more robust content including protected health information (PHI), security measures must be instituted to safeguard these data. The Wireless Internet Information System for medicAl Response in Disasters (WIISARD) Research Group developed a handheld, linked, wireless EMR system utilizing current technology platforms. Smart phones connected to radio frequency identification (RFID) readers may be utilized to efficiently track casualties resulting from the incident. Medical information may be transmitted on an encrypted network to fellow prehospital team members, medical dispatch, and receiving medical centers. This system has been field tested in a number of exercises with excellent results, and future iterations will incorporate robust security measures.ConclusionA secure prehospital triage EMR improves documentation quality during disaster drills.DeMersG, KahnC, JohanssonP, BuonoC, ChiparaO, GriswoldW, ChanT. Secure scalable disaster electronic medical record and tracking system. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(5):1-4.
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Amira, Abbes, Mazen A. R. Saghir, Naeem Ramzan, Christos Grecos, and Florian Scherb. "A Reconfigurable Wireless Environment for ECG Monitoring and Encryption." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 4, no. 3 (July 2013): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.2013070104.
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Connected health is the convergence of medical devices, security devices, and communication technologies. It enables patients to be monitored and treated remotely from their home or primary care facility rather than attend outpatient clinics or be admitted to hospital. Patients’ data and medical records within a connected health system should be securely transmitted and saved for further analysis and diagnosis. This paper presents a reconfigurable wireless system for electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring which can be deployed in a connected health environment. Efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation for the ECG encryption block has been carried out on the RC10 prototyping board using the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm. Results presented have shown that the proposed AES implementation outperforms the existing FPGA-based systems in different key performance metrics and that ECG signals acquired using the VitalSens device can be encrypted/decrypted in real-time. A software based evaluation approach has been also performed to validate the proposed hardware implementation. The proposed solution can be deployed for electronic archiving of health records information systems and health monitoring technologies in personalized medicine.
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Xie, Yong, Songsong Zhang, Xiang Li, Yanggui Li, and Yuan Chai. "CasCP: Efficient and Secure Certificateless Authentication Scheme for Wireless Body Area Networks with Conditional Privacy-Preserving." Security and Communication Networks 2019 (June 4, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5860286.
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As the aging population of society continues to intensify, the series of problems brought about by aging is becoming more and more serious. Because the health problem of the elderly brings many social problems, people have paid close attention to it. Fortunately, as a typical smart healthcare system, wireless body area networks (WBANs) present quit nice medical care for people, especially the aged. However, personal health information is very sensitive. But, the common communication channel is used in WBANs and any malicious entity can initiate a security attack on WBANs. To ensure secure communication and privacy-preserving which are the premise of the sound development of WBANs, an improved and efficient certificateless authentication scheme with conditional privacy-preserving is proposed in this paper on the basis of analyzing the most recent presented certificateless authentication scheme for WBANs. The proposed scheme also provides batch authentication to decrease authentication and communication cost. A rigid security proof demonstrates that our proposed scheme resists every type of security attack and can provide condition privacy-preserving. The performance analysis shows that our proposed scheme has some advantages in computation and communication cost.
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Wang, Changhao, Shining Li, Bingqi Li, and Qianwu Chen. "An Asynchronous Data Transmission Method in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks." Complexity 2020 (October 6, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8828794.
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With the massive deployment and application of intelligent systems such as smart life, smart medical care, and smart transportation, it is becoming more common for heterogeneous wireless networks such as WiFi, Zigbee, and Bluetooth to coexist in the same physical space. To improve the communication efficiency under the coexistence of heterogeneous wireless networks, this paper proposes an asynchronous data transmission method based on CTC technology, which constantly monitors the sleep and wake-up cycles of heterogeneous devices, makes full use of the wake-up cycle of the receiving terminal, and uses asynchronous methods to achieve cross-technology transmission of data packets. We also give a specific implementation scheme and use the program to simulate the transmission effect. The results show that our proposed method effectively reduces data transmission time and balances channel transmission throughput.
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Qiu, Shanshan, Dan Fu, and Xiaofang Deng. "A Multicriteria Selection Framework for Wireless Communication Infrastructure with Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Assessment." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (August 12, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9913737.
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In recent years, interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy number is playing a more and more important role in decision management. It is a more effective and powerful tool to handle fuzzy information in decision problems. The multicriteria decision-making theory has been widely used in solving practical problems, such as the risk assessment of financial investment, engineering and construction, medical and health care, and information security. The main purpose of this paper is to apply a new interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making method to practice and to analyze and solve the problem of wireless communication infrastructure. In this paper, a new interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy ranking method, extending scope of application of the VIKOR method to interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy set, is proposed. In order to adapt to actual needs, subjective and objective weights are combined to solve decision-making problems to enhance its practicality, validity, and effectiveness. An example of wireless communication infrastructure problem is provided to illustrate the rationality of this method and verify its advantages.
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Kumar Y, L. V. Santosh. "Design and Implementation of SAR-ADC for Medical Electronic Applications." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 5 (June 2, 2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i5.665.
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in today’s advance electronic and communication systems the role of high accuracy analog to digital converters are of great importance. Nowadays, a larger percentage of mixed-signal applications requires for health care systems. Also the speed of the chosen ADC design matters a lot as we are connected with the real world signals. SAR based ADC will provides us a better solution for various analog to digital systems. It is an essential device whenever data from the analog world, through sensors or transducers, should be digitally processed or when transmitting data between chips through either long-range wireless links or high-speed transmission between chips on the same printed circuit board. The paper projects up down and ring counter as a logic for successive approximation register (SAR logic for a ADC that is one of the best suited for low power. Here the resolution is of 4-bit and a power consumption of few milli watts. SAR ADC is implemented in 45 nm nano-meter scaling technology CMOS technology with a power supply of 0.5v by maintaining 4:1 w/l ratio.
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Vasanthamani, Saranya. "A Study on Lifetime Enhancement and Reliability in Wearable Wireless Body Area Networks." International Journal of User-Driven Healthcare 8, no. 2 (July 2018): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijudh.2018070103.
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The wireless body area network (WBAN) which consists of wearable or implantable sensor nodes, is a technology that enables pervasive observing and delivery of health related information and services. The radio-enabled implantable medical devices offer a revolutionary set of applications among which we can point to precision drug distribution, smart endoscope capsules, glucose level observers and eye pressure detecting systems. Devices with WBAN are generally battery powered due to sensitivity and criticality of the data carried and handled by WBAN, reliability becomes a critical issues. WBAN loads a high degree of reliability as it openly affects the quality of patient observing. Undetected life-threatening circumstances can lead to death. A main requirement is that the health care professionals receive the monitored data correctly in emergency situations. The major objective is to achieve a reliable network with minimum delay and maximum throughput while considering power consumption by reducing unnecessary communication.
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Buchauer, A., R. Werner, and R. Haux. "Cooperative Problem Solving with Personal Mobile Information Tools in Hospitals." Methods of Information in Medicine 37, no. 01 (1998): 08–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634495.
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Abstract:Health-care professionals have a broad range of needs for information and cooperation while working at different points of care (e.g., outpatient departments, wards, and functional units such as operating theaters). Patient-related data and medical knowledge have to be widely available to support high-quality patient care. Furthermore, due to the increased specialization of health-care professionals, efficient collaboration is required. Personal mobile information tools have a considerable potential to realize almost ubiquitous information and collaborative support. They enable to unite the functionality of conventional tools such as paper forms, dictating machines, and pagers into one tool. Moreover, they can extend the support already provided by clinical workstations. An approach is described for the integration of mobile information tools with heterogeneous hospital information systems. This approach includes identification of functions which should be provided on mobile tools. Major functions are the presentation of medical records and reports, electronic mailing to support interpersonal communication, and the provision of editors for structured clinical documentation. To realize those functions on mobile tools, we propose a document-based client-server architecture that enables mobile information tools to interoperate with existing computer-based application systems. Open application systems and powerful, partially wireless, hospital-wide networks are the prerequisites for the introduction of mobile information tools.
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Munivel, Karthikeyan Venkatesan, Tephillah Samraj, Vijayakumar Kandasamy, and Naveen Chilamkurti. "Improving the Lifetime of an Out-Patient Implanted Medical Device Using a Novel Flower Pollination-Based Optimization Algorithm in WBAN Systems." Mathematics 8, no. 12 (December 9, 2020): 2189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8122189.
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The new inventions in health care devices have led to a considerable increase in the human lifespan. Miniaturized bio-sensing elements and dedicated wireless communication bands have led to the development of a new arena called Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) (IEEE 802.11.6). These Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs) are used for monitoring a chronic patient’s medical condition as well as therapeutic and life-saving functions. The aim of this study is to improve the dynamic channel selection algorithm for an increased Out Patient-Body Network Controller (OP-BNC) medical device during visits to the hospital. There is a fixed number of licensed spectra allocated to the In Patient-Body Network Controller (IP-BNC) and Out-Patient Body Network Controller (OP-BNC). When there is an increase in the OP-BNC, there is an availability of idle spectrum in the IP-BNC. An existing rank-based algorithm is used in the allocation of idle spectrum to the increased OP-BNC. This ranking method takes more time for the processing and selection of an idle channel to the registered user. To avoid it, we proposed an EFPOC model to select from the free idle channels of the IP-BNC licensed spectrum. We also discussed the algorithm complexity of the proposed Enhanced Flower Pollination-based Optimized Channel selection (EFPOC) algorithm and obtained a complexity of O(n2), which is a significant improvement over the existing algorithm rank-based algorithm complexity. Our experimental result shows that the proposed EFPOC algorithm improves the Tier-2 systems lifetime by 46.47%. Then, to prove that the proposed model is time efficient in channel selection, a simulated experimented is conducted. When selecting a number of channels from a Look-Up Table (LUT), the proposed EFPOC method takes 25% less time than the existing algorithms.
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Heo, Seung Yun, Jeonghyun Kim, Philipp Gutruf, Anthony Banks, Pinghung Wei, Rafal Pielak, Guive Balooch, et al. "Wireless, battery-free, flexible, miniaturized dosimeters monitor exposure to solar radiation and to light for phototherapy." Science Translational Medicine 10, no. 470 (December 5, 2018): eaau1643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aau1643.
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Exposure to electromagnetic radiation can have a profound impact on human health. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun causes skin cancer. Blue light affects the body’s circadian melatonin rhythm. At the same time, electromagnetic radiation in controlled quantities has beneficial use. UV light treats various inflammatory skin conditions, and blue light phototherapy is the standard of care for neonatal jaundice. Although quantitative measurements of exposure in these contexts are important, current systems have limited applicability outside of laboratories because of an unfavorable set of factors in bulk, weight, cost, and accuracy. We present optical metrology approaches, optoelectronic designs, and wireless modes of operation that serve as the basis for miniature, low-cost, and battery-free devices for precise dosimetry at multiple wavelengths. These platforms use a system on a chip with near-field communication functionality, a radio frequency antenna, photodiodes, supercapacitors, and a transistor to exploit a continuous accumulation mechanism for measurement. Experimental and computational studies of the individual components, the collective systems, and the performance parameters highlight the operating principles and design considerations. Evaluations on human participants monitored solar UV exposure during outdoor activities, captured instantaneous and cumulative exposure during blue light phototherapy in neonatal intensive care units, and tracked light illumination for seasonal affective disorder phototherapy. Versatile applications of this dosimetry platform provide means for consumers and medical providers to modulate light exposure across the electromagnetic spectrum in a way that can both reduce risks in the context of excessive exposure and optimize benefits in the context of phototherapy.
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Eckhardt, Kyle, Andrew Hayes, Michael Hamilton, and Tidimogo Gaamangwe. "Application of the IEC80001 standard towards integration of a real time alarm communication and management system." TQM Journal 27, no. 4 (June 8, 2015): 397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-01-2015-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on use of the IEC80001 standard, Application of Risk Management for Information Technolody (IT) Networks Incorporating Medical Devices, to deploy a wireless alarm management solution in a long-term care home facility. Design/methodology/approach – The standard suggests the use of a unique responsibility matrix and a continuous quality improvement approach for analysis, evaluation and control of risks. A unique leadership committee and workgroup were formed to develop processes and procedures for integrating medical devices with IT systems; as well as execution of the project itself. The leadership committee oversaw the phased approach of assessing the technology, the clinical environment, proponent technology-based solutions and a specified risk management file. The project expanded its scope beyond the standard to include a risk focussed analysis of clinical workflow to evaluate the usability of the solution. Findings – The standard focussed approach identified numerous risks associated with the technical and network solution and the future state workflow. Medical devices proved to be the most limiting technology needing to be incorporated into the solution. Although faced with a daunting list of network related risks, it was concluded that all residual risks would have been acceptable. The analysis of the future state workflow identified various risks related to usability (human factors), battery management and the absence of additional operating dollars for supplementary staffing duties and new operational expenses. Originality/value – To the best of the authors knowledge, this paper is the first one to detail the process of following the IEC80001 standard in Canada. It offers insight into building an organizational framework around the standard and identifies gaps that should be considered by executive and project sponsors before proceeding with a project.
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Banos, Oresti, Claudia Villalonga, Miguel Damas, Peter Gloesekoetter, Hector Pomares, and Ignacio Rojas. "PhysioDroid: Combining Wearable Health Sensors and Mobile Devices for a Ubiquitous, Continuous, and Personal Monitoring." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/490824.
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Technological advances on the development of mobile devices, medical sensors, and wireless communication systems support a new generation of unobtrusive, portable, and ubiquitous health monitoring systems for continuous patient assessment and more personalized health care. There exist a growing number of mobile apps in the health domain; however, little contribution has been specifically provided, so far, to operate this kind of apps with wearable physiological sensors. The PhysioDroid, presented in this paper, provides a personalized means to remotely monitor and evaluate users’ conditions. The PhysioDroid system provides ubiquitous and continuous vital signs analysis, such as electrocardiogram, heart rate, respiration rate, skin temperature, and body motion, intended to help empower patients and improve clinical understanding. The PhysioDroid is composed of a wearable monitoring device and an Android app providing gathering, storage, and processing features for the physiological sensor data. The versatility of the developed app allows its use for both average users and specialists, and the reduced cost of the PhysioDroid puts it at the reach of most people. Two exemplary use cases for health assessment and sports training are presented to illustrate the capabilities of the PhysioDroid. Next technical steps include generalization to other mobile platforms and health monitoring devices.
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Bragin, D. S., I. V. Pospelova, I. V. Cherepanova, and V. N. Serebryakova. "Radiofrequency Technologies of Local Positioning in Healthcare." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 23, no. 3 (July 21, 2020): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-3-62-79.
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Introduction. Localization of objects position in closed space plays an important role in many areas of human activity, including medicine. Using indoor-positioning technologies as a part of telemedicine systems allows one to improve the quality of medical care and to reduce mortality of patients. Therefore, indoor-positioning technologies contribute to achieve the goals outlined in the Russian Federation government`s program "Healthcare development". Aim. To study the applicability of modern radiofrequency technologies for localization of patients inside a hospital building. Materials and methods. Scientific sources devoted to indoor-positioning based on radiofrequency technologies were analyzed. The methods used included: - bibliographic retrieval; - selection and verification of sources based on their relevance; - analysis of sources by methods of deconstruction and comparative analysis . Results. The result of the analysis indicated that radiofrequency positioning technologies allow one to locate objects using radio waves properties. The disadvantage of the technology is the penetration of radio signal through walls and floors. Given this, it is necessary to use complex algorithms to detect an object with accuracy to a specific room. Despite this disadvantage, radiofrequency technologies can be used for positioning in medical facilities since they are easy in deployment and service. Also, they are used in ready-made commercial solutions. ZigBee technology is an exception because it does not allow one to track moving objects in real-time. Conclusion. Based on the study it was concluded that BLE technology is the most suitable for indoor-positioning in medical facilities. It is energy-efficient, it has sufficiently fast data transfer rate, good communication radius and a large range of ready-made communication equipment. It is also worth noting that most wireless medical sensors exchange data via the BLE interface.
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De Rosa, Immacolata, Alessandro Pepino, Gianluca Giaconia, and Mario Guarino. "Bedside communication and management of vital parameters and alarms in care-intensive environments: Simulation model development for the clinical effectiveness analysis of an innovative technology." Global Clinical Engineering Journal 2, no. 3 (May 29, 2020): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31354/globalce.v2i3.86.
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Background and Objective. The deliberation n.7301 of 31/12/2001 provides for the inclusion of a call system with acoustic and luminous signalling within the minimum equipment of the recovery ward. However, traditional call systems are inefficient since they are based on the following incorrect assumptions: patients and staff are unmoving, information sources are static and assistance is unidirectional. Taking care of a patient involves different figures who should be dynamic and should be able to exchange information.
Furthermore, the high number of clinical calls and alarms might be an issue, because on one hand they are essential to fulfil patients’ needs, but on the other hand they could cause stress and additional workload on medical staff. Indeed, they sometimes ignore some calls or waste a lot of time on non-urgent requests. In addition, the identification of an alarm and the prompt intervention seems to be more difficult during travelling.
An ideal alarm system should have 100% sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, the alarms are designed to be extremely sensitive, at the expense of specificity.
The alarm fatigue, that is the work overload due to an excessive alarms number exposition, is a critical problem in terms of safety in the current clinical practice because it involves desensitization and alarm loss, causing sometimes even the patient's death.
Material and Methods. Therefore, appropriate approaches to notifications should be evaluated, including the effectiveness of mobile wireless technologies: linking patients, staff, data, services and medical devices simplifies communications and workflows.
Several issues related to the communication among staff members, between patient and caregiver and to the alarms and vital parameters distribution in care-intensive environments have been analysed, focusing on the clinical effectiveness analysis of an innovative technology to support the Emergency Department of the Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli activities.
Afterwards, we have created a simulation model with Simul8, so that a digital twin reproduces direct and indirect activities in two cases: with and without (What If and As Is model) the aid of the technology.
Results and conclusions. The model provides a set of Key Performance Indicators (number of performing activities, average alarm resolution time, waiting time) on which the compensatory aggregation method is applied to elaborate a single final score in both cases. This score is 52,5 in the As Is Model and 80 in the What If model. So, the clinical effectiveness has been demonstrated.
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Singh, Anshuman. "Programming Language based Doctor Less Corona Patient Treatment as well as Monitoring." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 4763–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35657.
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Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease whisch split human to human caused by a newly acquired coronavirus. Mostly people infected with COVID-19 will experience moderate respiratory illness and recover without the need for special treatment. Older people, as well as those with less medical problems such as disease,diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer are more likely to be seriously ill. The best way to prevent and reduce transmission of COVIT-19Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using alcohol-based medicine often and without touching your face. The COVID-19 virus is spread mainly through saliva droplets or runny nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it is important that you re-practice the practice of breathing (for example, by coughing on a flexible elbow). At this time, there are no specific drugs or specifications for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials examining possible treatments. We can only protect ourselves from this problem because we currently do not have a cure so in this proposed program we will provide a setup that will enable automatic protection through the installation of equipment and set up electrical equipment. In India, about 200 percent of people lose their lives as a result of disrupted health care systems which means that in many hospitals, the doctor visits patients with a morning shift or in the afternoon shift or on individual shifts. What happens if a patient's health becomes important during this time or when the doctor is not in the market with the patient. The solution is; the patient may lose his or her life. thus avoiding this important situation; we tend to suggest a device that raises the device of an intelligent embedded system that monitors the health of patients indefinitely. This system monitors patients' heart rate, vital signs, and salt water (if any). If any of the above parameters are on the far side of the periphery, this sensible device informs physicians or caregivers and suggests ways to improve the patient's overall health savings. Objects (IoT) sees the way forward to something in any place by anyone at any time. information and communication technology helps to transform digital technologies. The IoT location unit is designed to connect multiple mobile devices to networks. reveals the structural design of an intelligent health care system using the Wireless Sensor Network. Monitoring a patient's health is a common function in health care facilities from home to hospital. In the proposed system, patients carry a set of nerve endings to collect their physical limits. Arduino is attached to the patient's body, assists the deaf and sends sensory information to the server via WiFi. WiFi, which is used in most hospital systems, provides very little interference with the operation of some devices. The server detects unusual cases of patients using the limit value and sends an SMS and email to the doctor with a video-feed. The system allows for the movement of a patient wearing a nerve and the video feed enhances physician communication. Through this program we can improve the quality of treatment for patients who may need ongoing long-term health monitoring.
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Marques, Carlos J., Christian Bauer, Dafne Grimaldo, Alexander Ehlert, Timo Weber, Steffen Tabling, Alex Mendes, Jürgen Lorenz, and Frank Lampe. "Which factors influence the accuracy of knee ROM data of the BPMpathway e-rehabilitation system? A concurrent validity study with healthy subjects." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 5_suppl4 (May 1, 2020): 2325967120S0029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00290.
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Aims and Objectives: As the population in different countries ages, there is an expected increase in the demand for TKA procedures in the coming decades. This increasing demand will face the healthcare systems and health care providers with new challenges. After TKA physiotherapy and exercise lead to short term improvements in physical function. Physiotherapy exercise provided at home is an appealing approach with the possibility of wider acceptability and uptake in the near future. E-rehabilitation or telerehabilitation are the terms used to define medical rehabilitation programs that are implemented at home with the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The BPMpathway (270 Vision Ltd., Andover, UK) is an internet home-based biofeedback and remote patient monitoring system. The system comprises a single high-performance wearable wireless sensor, a patient application that can be downloaded for free and a software application for the clinic. The aim of the present study was to test the concurrent validity of the ROM data displayed by the BPMpathway system for knee exercises. Materials and Methods: This is a concurrent validity study conducted in a laboratory setting. The ROM data obtained with the BPMpathway system was compared with the ROM data acquired simultaneously with a twin-axis digital goniometer (BIOPAC Systems, Inc., California USA). The effects of sensor positioning (position of the sensor on the limb) and ergonomic factors (chair height) on ROM were investigated. The sample consisted of healthy male subjects with different body compositions. The data acquisition was carried out in both systems at a sample rate of 100Hz. Data was analyzed with MATLAB. The Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) was used to calculate the difference between the values measured by the two devices. Additionally the mean ± SD values for each system were plotted and the absolute difference of the mean curves was plotted as measurement error. A ROM mean difference of 5° between both systems was considered as clinically irrelevant. Results: A 20% increase or reduction in sitting height led to a RMSE increase. A ventral shift of the BPMpathway sensor by 45° and 90° caused significant measurement errors. A vertical shift was associated with a diminution of the measurement errors. The lowest RMSE (2.4°) was achieved when the sensor was placed directly below the knee. The effects of the manipulations were similar for all subjects. RMSE values were higher in subject A, which had a high body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: The knee ROM data measured by the BPMpathway system seems reliable and comparable to the data of the concurrent system used in this investigation, provided the instructions of the manufacturer are respected concerning the sitting position of the subject for knee exercises, and disregarding the same instructions for sensor positioning, by placing the sensor directly below the knee. Changes in seating position and rotation shifts of the sensor induced measurement errors.
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Furusa, Samuel S., and Alfred Coleman. "Factors influencing e-health implementation by medical doctors in public hospitals in Zimbabwe." SA Journal of Information Management 20, no. 1 (June 14, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajim.v20i1.928.
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Background: Improving access to health care services in both developed and developing countries through information communication technology (ICT) has been getting particular attention from government, medical researchers and practitioners. This has seen many governments proposing the implementation of healthcare systems that are centred on technology, while researchers and practitioners have been arguing for policies that promote the use of technology in healthcare provision. Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the factors influencing implementation of e-health by medical doctors in public hospitals in Zimbabwe. Methods: The study was guided by a qualitative research in conjunction with multiple-case studies. Qualitative data were collected using 20 semi-structured interviews from selected hospitals concerning the implementation of e-health by medical doctors in public hospitals. Hospitals were selected using random sampling, while purposive sampling was used to select the 20 doctors. In addition, the researcher conducted direct observations at five hospitals. Furthermore, data concerning policy issues in Zimbabwe’s e-health were collected using document review process. Data from the interviews were analysed using data-driven thematic coding. This solo approach was conducted because the researcher intended to reveal e-health influencing factors that could not be revealed by related literature. Results: This study reveals that the implementation of e-health by medical doctors in public hospitals in Zimbabwe is influenced by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include ICT infrastructure and e-health technologies, ICT skills and knowledge, technical support, security concerns, lack of basic medical facilities, demographic factors such as age and doctor–patient relationship. External factors are health policy, funding and bureaucracy. Conclusion: The idea of e-health is relatively new to healthcare centres in Zimbabwe. Its application has not been sufficiently addressed. The study shows that the success of an e-health system depends on internal and external factors. There is a great potential for implementing e-health in Zimbabwe if these factors are taken into consideration. Otherwise, Zimbabwe will continue to lag behind in the implementation of e-health systems in public hospitals.
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"High Capacitive Secure Image Transmission Over Wireless Channels." International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering 10, no. 2 (April 5, 2021): 564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2021/161022021.
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Expansion of internet connectivity and its usage globally has increased various demands of providing security for the data transmission. Telemedicine is a modern way of medical care that can be extended to any remote place across the globe. This medical care practice is a result of the deployment of communication systems and information technology into healthcare system. With this technology the diagnosed data can be shared with physician and take his consultation remarks and also physicians can access to diagnostic archive and share for medical practice and learning. However, this exchange of information is confined with several risks of data theft when they are shared in open networks and hence they are to be protected with high security algorithms. This paper provides a high capacitive security algorithm for protecting the images with hidden confidential information. The approach provides a two-way security by encrypting the clinical information initially and embedding it imperceptibly in the concerned image so that the user on other can obtain both the visual and text data at same instance
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ITINSON, K. S. "PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANTS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH CARE." AZIMUTH OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: PEDAGOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY 10, no. 34 (February 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26140/anip-2021-1001-0032.
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The purpose of this article is to study the functional capabilities and field of application of digital personal assistants in medical education and healthcare. The author of the article confirms that medical students and doctors use digital assistants to treat patients, obtain medical information and data on diseases, their symptoms, the dosage of appropriate drugs, as well as personal use. It is important to note that digital personal assistants are effectively used in a healthcare organization, but they must be integrated into existing systems in the organization and connected to the network for communication and data sharing. The article uses methods of complex theoretical and descriptive analysis. The scientific novelty of the work is that students and doctors have been found to use digital personal assistants to obtain drug and clinical information, to support clinical decision-making, to prescribe treatment to patients, to view laboratory results on wireless communication. Doctors use digital assistants to collect, modify, store patient data in the process of providing medical care, after which all information is synchronized with the central computer. The author notes that the nature of the use of digital assistants in medicine depends on factors such as functionality, an electronic platform, data security, their confidentiality, and functions in the medical field. Of course, novice physicians and students use personal digital assistants, especially in the process of continuous medical training. The practical significance of the work is due to the fact that the author conducted a study that found that digital assistants provide alternative ways of training, help future doctors systematize medical information, support medical decisions, including in the process of prescribing diagnostic studies and treatment, and lead to a reduction in medical errors.
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Jeyabharathi, D., D. Kesavaraja, and D. Sasirekac. "iEpilepsy monitoring and alerting system using machine learning algorithm and WHMS." Journal of Applied Research and Technology 18, no. 3 (June 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2020.18.3.1085.
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Advances in wireless electronics devices have led to easy design and develop of wearable sensor systems for health monitoring. These wireless sensors have been considered as one of the most important technologies that can change the future and has garnered lots of attention in the scientific community and the industry during the last years. These devices consist of small battery with limited computation and radio communication capabilities. These wireless sensor systems has become essential in such domains as industrial operations, health care, environmental infrastructure and research and development. Accelerometer sensor added with these wireless devices value to automatically detect seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy patients. The accelerometer sensor that is used in the wireless device is used to calculate the vibration threshold developed in the body. After calculating the threshold with various thresholds factors that has occurred in the body using seizure detection algorithm the device sends alerts to emergency contacts. In the future, we’ll see the mixing of a huge array of wireless networks into existing specialised medical technology. The aim of this paper is not to criticize, but to serve as a reference for researchers and developers in this scientific area and to provide direction for future research improvements.
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Gautam, Ashu, Rashima Mahajan, and Sherin Zafar. "Performance Analysis of Hybrid Protocol under Distributed Denial of Service Attack in remote healthcare systems." Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 13 (September 4, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666255813999200904162707.
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Introduction: The future of healthcare systems relies on faster communication between sensors and smart devices, which can assist in taking decisions for betterment of patients. The responsiveness of wireless health care system in case of medical urgencies is crucial factor for survival of patient’s life. The routing protocol of infrastructure less based are playing key role in sending the information in such medical related emergencies. Therefore, it is important to study and identify the best routing protocol in wireless healthcare based system using Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETS). Methods: MANET routing protocols such as Ad-hoc On Demand Vector (AODV), Secure AODV (SAODV) and Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP) through their routing environment are simulated through this research study. It is essential to highlight the effect of various attacks affecting the routing methodology of these protocols. Since Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is popularly talked about and is most vulnerable attack present in MANET environment, so this research study analyses AODV, SAODV and HWMP under DDoS attacks through various simulation parameters. Results: In this research study, most suitable routing protocols to handle DDoS attacks are simulated and estimated in terms of delay and packet delivery ratio in the scenario of changing nodes. This aids in providing implications to enhance existing protocols and alleviate the consequences of DDoS investigation by such attacks. Discussion: For ensuring the optimized routing, privacy and security of patient’s data during transmission in healthcare sector, MANET could be used as one of the important technology combined with IoT. For dealing with end to end data transmission of patient's sensitive data, MANET protocol plays a vital role in sending the information securely. Conclusion: The performance of AODV, SAODV and HWMP (Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol) are compared and tabularized which are the most popularly utilized protocols in healthcare environment. The simulation results shows that the HWMP out performed than AODV and SAODV routing protocol, in terms of evaluation metrics namely end-to-end delay and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and could be considered as much less vulnerable against DDoS attacks prevailing in wireless healthcare sector using MANET.
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Nguyen, Nam, Etienne Leveille, Elena Guadagno, Luc Malemo Kalisya, and Dan Poenaru. "Use of mobile health technologies for postoperative care in paediatric surgery: A systematic review." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, June 30, 2020, 1357633X2093468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x20934682.
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Introduction Mobile health (mHealth) is the use of mobile communication devices such as smartphones, wireless patient monitoring devices and tablet computers to deliver health services. Paediatric surgery patient care could potentially benefit from these technologies. This systematic review summarises the current literature on the use of mHealth for postoperative care after children’s surgery. Methods Seven databases were searched by a senior medical librarian. Studies were included if they reported the use of mHealth systems for postoperative care for children <18 years old. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate. Results A total of 18 studies were included after screening. mHealth use was varied and included appointment or medication reminders, postoperative monitoring and postoperative instruction delivery. mHealth systems included texting systems and mobile applications, and were implemented for a wide range of surgical conditions and countries. Discussion Studies showed that mHealth systems can increase the postoperative follow-up appointment attendance rate ( p < 0.001), decrease the rate of postoperative complications and returns to the emergency department and reliably monitor postoperative pain. mHealth systems were generally appreciated by patients. Most non-randomised and randomised studies had many methodological problems, including lack of appropriate control groups, lack of blinding and a tendency to devote more time to the care of the intervention group. mHealth systems have the potential to improve postoperative care, but the lack of high-quality research evaluating their impact calls for further studies exploring evidence-based mHealth implementation.
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Oh, Sechang, Hyeokjun Kwon, and Vijay K. Varadan. "Ubiquitous Health Monitoring System for Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea With Zigbee Network and Wireless LAN." Journal of Nanotechnology in Engineering and Medicine 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4003927.
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The Greek word “apnea” literally means “without breath.” The three types of apnea are obstructive, central, and mixed. Obstructive is the most common type. Despite the difference in the root cause of the three types of apnea, people with untreated sleep apnea stop breathing repeatedly during their sleep, sometimes hundreds of times during the night and often for 1 min or longer. Sleep apnea can cause high blood pressure and other cardiovascular diseases, memory problems, weight gain, impotency, and headaches. Sleep apnea may be responsible for job impairment and motor vehicle accidents. Apart from the physical health risks, sleep apnea can lead to social problems when left undiagnosed or untreated such as a high amount of unnecessary health care cost. Sleep disorder is diagnosed with polysomnography, an overnight sleep study, by monitoring electrical activity of brain, heart, eye movement, muscle activity, breathing pattern, and other physiological signals. Because polysomnography requires overnight monitoring by a sleep technologist with full sleep staging, polysomnography is expensive, inconvenient, time consuming, and labor intensive. Although some systems provide home based diagnosis, most systems record the sleep data in a memory card. The patient must send the memory card to a medical center through the mail or internet. The real-time monitoring is not performed and a patient can experience life threatening episodes by not receiving proper feedback from a medical center or a physician. We propose a wireless health monitoring system to diagnose sleep apnea, which enables the global monitoring of biomedical signals. A patient does not need hospitalization and can be diagnosed and receive feedback at home. The system supports monitoring five different biomedical signals to diagnose sleep apnea: electrocardiogram with dry electrodes (no gel), body position, nasal airflow, abdomen/chest efforts and oxygen saturation. The system consists of three units: a wireless transmitter, a wireless receiver, and a monitoring unit. A wireless transmitter unit sends the measured signals from sensors to a receiver unit with Zigbee communication. The receiver unit, which has two wireless modules, Zigbee and Wi-Fi, receives signals from the transmitter unit and retransmits signals to the remote monitoring system with Zigbee and Wi-Fi communication, respectively. By using both the Zigbee network and wireless LAN, the system can achieve low power consumption in a local monitoring area with the feature of the Zigbee standard. The system also provides wide data coverage and easily extends its sensor network to the Internet with the Wi-Fi standard. The features of the system and the results of the continuous monitoring of vital signals are presented.
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Saxena, Sulekha, V. K. Gupta, P. N. Hrisheekesha, Ram Sewak Singh, and Vishesh Singh. "Aimed robot: autonomous & iot controlled medical assistance robot." Coronaviruses 01 (November 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666796701999201126164436.
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: This paper describes the emerging role of robots in health care and integrated environments with special concerns related to the management and control of the spread of novel coronavirus 2019. The primary use of such robots is to reduce human interaction and to ensure cleanliness, fertility, and support in the hospitals and facilities such as isolation. This will lead to a reduction in the life-threatening risk for medical professionals and physicians who have played a significant role in the management of infectious diseases like coronavirus. The purpose of this work is to highlight the importance of medical robots in general and to link their use in the field of medical assistance so that hospital administrators can use the medical robots for different treatment processes. The work involves the design and development of an AUTONOMOUS and IoT CONTROLLED MEDICAL ASSISTANCE ROBOT (AIMED) which is designed as a potential answer for any irresistible ailment particularly for Coronaviruses Outbreak. AIMED ROBOT is utilized to limit individual to-individual contact and to guarantee cleaning, sanitization and backing in emergency clinics and comparable offices, for example, food and medication conveyance in isolate emergency clinics/offices. Voice communication can also be established between control room and patient through wireless network. This data is sent to the doctor and staff using communication network which help in monitoring the patient condition without human interaction. Hand Sanitization, food delivery and waste collection system is also provided in the robot for quarantine zones. This is despite the popularity of telemedicine, which also applies to similar situations. In fact, the recent success of the Korean and Chinese health sectors in gaining effective control of the coronavirus epidemic would not have been possible without the use of state-of-the-art technology. Background: In the quick advancement of innovation, there are numerous sorts of robots with different details and capacities. The AIMED Robots are being developed for hospitals to deliver medicines, food and for taking live data from patient by self. A few issues are confronted in regards to the limitation of explicit places around and inside the clinic on the grounds that different robots were utilizing landmark recognition. Along these lines, to take care of this issue in which the robot can convey things to any patient from anyplace. Objective: The objective of this work is to highlight the importance of medical robots in general and to link their use in the field of medical assistance so that hospital administrators can use the medical robots for different treatment processes. Methods: The work involves the design and development of an AUTONOMOUS and IoT CONTROLLED MEDICAL ASSISTANCE ROBOT (AIMED) which is designed as a potential answer for any irresistible ailment particularly for Coronaviruses Outbreak. Results: AIMED Robot goes through three testing stages. In the final stage one complete embedded system is designed by embedding each tested sub-system and then this final embedded system is tested. All the project goals which was planned as ‘Solution to Problem Statement’, has been achieved properly. Conclusion: This paper provides an overview of the robotics and therapeutic potential of robotics in specific environments with COVID-19 epidemic control. The AIMED robot introduced in this paper is a piece of emergency clinic and care focus computerization framework. Multiple patients are placed for stop-over, doctor prescription regarding the patient health. It can be very useful to counter infectious disease like SARS, MERS or Covid-19 etc. This work confirms that the introduction of medical robots has significantly increased the safety and quality of health care systems compared to manual systems due to the digitalization of health care.
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Merzougui, Rachid,, and Mohammed Feham. "Algorithm of Remote Monitoring ECG Using Mobile Phone: Conception and Implementation." African Journal of Information & Communication Technology 5, no. 2 (June 26, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajict.v5i2.1127.
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Researches in the medical remote monitoring at home have taken a great consideration and care in wireless
communication these last years.
The set of these researches is linked to the aging population and lack of infrastructures of reception for persons
exposed to accident’s risks in their daily life or degradation of their health in short time. The principal objective is
to permit a taking off for medical and social dependant people as aged ones, handicapped, in order to the
adaptation with their environment domestically and make up their incapacities. In this case, it is indispensable to
make a diagnostic in a real time and managed really the given data of patients between medical actors with the
permanent security insurance of highly risky patients.
Furthermore, the need to make a speed diagnostic of patients and to detect their health state with efficacy
permits the gain of time in their taking off.
The stakes of setting up such systems are numerous, so much for patients, medical staff and the society
generally. So, it is useful to detect and prevent the occurrence of critical situations of a person at home, implying
the transmission of message and alarms to actors concerned and ready to intervene in case of necessity.
Our attention has been focused on the choice of a relevant work. It concerns an application on a mobile terminal
(MIDlet) for monitoring patient in a non-hospital setting. This paper recalls a complete architecture of an
economic wireless transmission system with the implementation of an effective algorithm, adapted to the mobile
terminal, allowing to the doctor to have the results of analysis of ECG data wirelessly.
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A.K, Vaishnave, Jenisha S.T, and Tamil Selvi S. "IoT Based Heart Attack Detection, Heart Rate and Temperature Monitor." International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Technovation, November 2, 2019, 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjmtcon9.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is inter communication of embedded devices using networking technologies. The IoT will be one of the important trends in future; can affect the networking, business and communication. In this paper, proposing a remote sensing parameter of the human body which consists of pulse and temperature. The parameters that are used for sensing and monitoring will send the data through wireless sensors. Adding a web based observing helps to keep track of the regular status of patient. The sensing data will be continuously collected in a database and will be used to inform patient to any unseen problems to undergo possible diagnosis. Experimental results prove the proposed system is user friendly, reliable, economical. IoT typically expected to propose the advanced high bandwidth connectivity of embedded devices, systems and services which goes beyond machine –to – machine (M2M) context. The advanced connectivity of devices aide in automation is possible in nearly all field. Everyone today is so busy in their lives; even they forget to take care of their health. By keeping all these things in minds, technology really proves to be an asset for an individual. With the advancement in technology, lots of smart or medical sensors came into existence that continuously analyzes individual patient activity and automatically predicts a heart attack before the patient feels sick.
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Rana, Arun Kumar, and Sharad Sharma. "Internet of Things Based Stable Increased-throughput Multi-hop Protocol for Link Efficiency (IoT-SIMPLE) for health monitoring in Wireless Body Area Networks." International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control 11 (January 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210327911666210120125154.
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Aims: Health monitoring in Wireless Body Area Networks. Background: A medical wireless body area network activated by IoT is mainly concerned with transmitting the quality details to the doctor within a fair period. The explosion of wearable gadgets and recent developments in miniature sensors illustrate the technological viability of any universal tracking program. IoT incorporates a range of tools fitted with sensing, recognition, communication, etc. Objective: To improve the medical facility. Method: The Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare applications is an operational scenario for IoT systems that has attracted interest from large fields of study in the last few years. Internet of Things Based Stable Increased-throughput Multi-hop Protocol for Link Efficiency (IoT-SIMPLE), the IoT ties both topics to the healthcare network effortlessly. IoT enables the sensing, retrieval, and connectivity of all facilities or functional criteria and biomedicine. It puts the surgeons, the patients together And nurses can roam without any restrictions through smart devices, and each entity. Now work is underway to improve the healthcare sector by rising prices and increasing patient care quality. The route determines the route between the nodes and the sink. In this paper, we propose a protocol in WBAN that transmits body sensing data from various sensors, installed on the human body, to sink nodes using a multihop routing technique. Our key goal is to increase WBAN’s total network existence by raising cumulative energy usage. The residual energy parameter governs the usage of energy by the sensor nodes while the distance parameter ensures that the packet is effectively transmitted into the sink Result: Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed protocol very energy efficient and maximizes network stability for longer periods. Conclusion: Throughout this paper, we suggest a method for route data to WBANs. The suggested system uses the expense feature to choose the correct path to fall. The costs of the nodes and their spread from the drain are dependent on residual electricity. Nodes with a lower cost function value are selected as the parent node. Other nodes are parent node children and send their data to parent node. Our simulation tests demonstrate that the suggested routing scheme increases the network reliability period and the packet sent to the sink and in future more numbers of sensors can be used to extend this work to measure throughput, network lifetime, and end-to-end delay.