Relevant bibliographies by topics / Witnesses

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Witnesses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Witnesses"

1

Marhumah, Ema. "Kesaksian Perempuan Dalam Hadis Nabi." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 8, no. 1 (2009): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2009.81.53-75.

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The provision of women's rights to become witneses promoted by Islam during the life of the Prophet Muhammad was indeed a high achietlement considering the tradition of the era which did not recognize women's rights to become witnesses in legal affairs. The Prophet permitted women to act as witnesess not only on trade, but also in courts for public disputes. This is because the essential thing in the affair of giving witness does not lie in the type of the sex of the witness, but on the capacity, expertise of the witness in performing their task to attain justice. In short there is no preference in the sex of a witness; men and women have rights become witnesses as far as they have intellectual cabability to do so.
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Maras, Katie, Coral Dando, Heather Stephenson, Anna Lambrechts, Sophie Anns, and Sebastian Gaigg. "The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims." Autism 24, no. 6 (2020): 1449–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908986.

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Autistic people experience social communication difficulties alongside specific memory difficulties than impact their ability to recall episodic events. Police interviewing techniques do not take account of these differences, and so are often ineffective. Here we introduce a novel Witness-Aimed First Account interview technique, designed to better support autistic witnesses by diminishing socio-cognitive and executive demands through encouraging participants to generate and direct their own discrete, parameter-bound event topics, before freely recalling information within each parameter-bound topic. Since witnessed events are rarely cohesive stories with a logical chain of events, we also explored witnesses’ recall when the narrative structure of the to-be-remembered event was lost. Thirty-three autistic and 30 typically developing participants were interviewed about their memory for two videos depicting criminal events. Clip segments of one video were ‘scrambled’, disrupting the event’s narrative structure; the other video was watched intact. Although both autistic and typically developing witnesses recalled fewer details with less accuracy from the scrambled video, Witness-Aimed First Account interviews resulted in more detailed and accurate recall from autistic and typically developing witnesses, for both scrambled and unscrambled videos. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique may be a useful tool to improve autistic and typically developing witnesses’ accounts within a legally appropriate, non-leading framework. Lay abstract Autistic people may be more likely to be interviewed by police as a victim/witness, yet they experience social communication difficulties alongside specific memory difficulties that can impact their ability to recall information from memory. Police interviewing techniques do not take account of these differences, and so are often ineffective. We developed a new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses, referred to a Witness-Aimed First Account, which was designed to better support differences in the way that autistic witnesses process information in memory. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique encourages witnesses to first segment the witnessed event into discrete, parameter-bound event topics, which are then displayed on post-it notes while the witness goes onto freely recall as much information as they can from within each parameter-bound topic in turn. Since witnessed events are rarely cohesive stories with a logical chain of events, we also explored autistic and non-autistic witnesses’ recall when the events were witnessed in a random (nonsensical) order. Thirty-three autistic and 30 typically developing participants were interviewed about their memory for two videos depicting criminal events. Clip segments of one video were ‘scrambled’, disrupting the event’s narrative structure; the other video was watched intact. Although both autistic and non-autistic witnesses recalled fewer details with less accuracy from the scrambled video, Witness-Aimed First Account interviews resulted in more detailed and accurate recall from both autistic and non-autistic witnesses, for both scrambled and unscrambled videos. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique may be a useful tool to improve witnesses’ accounts within a legally appropriate, non-leading framework.
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Suhaimi, Suhaimi. "PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DALAM BEBERAPA TINDAK PIDANA DAN PENGADILAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA." Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan 15, no. 2 (2020): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v15i2.3042.

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Abstract, Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code puts witness statements first among other evidence. Witnesses in giving their statements, both at the level of investigation, prosecution and court proceedings, sometimes experience pressure, harassment, threats, terror and even violence perpetrated by certain parties. That is why witnesses need to obtain legal protection, namely as regulated in Law No. 13 of 2006 concerning Protection of Witnesses and Victims as amended by Law No. 31 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 13 of 2006 concerning Protection of Witnesses and Victims. Several criminal acts that regulate the issue of witness protection include the crime of narcotics, the eradication of corruption, the crime of terrorism and the human rights court. Legal protection for witnesses, namely in the form of protection for the witness's personal security from physical and mental threats, so that the confidentiality and identity of the witnesses should be maintained. Witness protection is intended to be able to protect witnesses from interference, threats, terror and violence against witnesses. This will be the basis for legal certainty, law enforcement, justice and the creation of a feeling of security for witnesses.
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Mukhali, Mukhali, and Aji Sudarmaji. "The Power of Evidence of Witness Testimony in the Trial Process of Criminal Molestery Cases." Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah 19, no. 4 (2025): 227. https://doi.org/10.30659/jhku.v19i4.19539.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the strength of the evidence of witness testimony in the trial of a criminal act of indecency. To determine the strength of providing legal protection for witnesses in the trial of a criminal act of indecency. The method used by the researcher is normative legal approach & the specifications in this study include descriptive analysis. The sources and types of secondary data were obtained from literature studies. Based on the results of the study, the evidentiary power of witness statements in a trial of a criminal act of indecency depends on several factors, including: conformity with other evidence: The witness's statement must be consistent with other valid evidence. Conformity with the statements of other witnesses: The witness's statement must be consistent with the statements of other witnesses. The witness's reasons for giving a statement: The judge considers the witness's reasons for giving a particular statement. The witness's lifestyle and morality: The judge considers the witness's lifestyle and morality. The witness's obligation to take an oath: The witness is required to take an oath or promise before giving a statement in court. The Power to Provide Legal Protection for Witnesses in Trials of Criminal Acts of Indecency has not been implemented optimally, this is because there are still children's rights that have not been obtained by children who are victims of criminal acts of indecency, namely the right to receive rehabilitation, rehabilitation both psychologically, physically and spiritually, even though this is regulated in the provisions of the Child Criminal Justice System Law, namely in Article 90 paragraph (1) which states that in addition to the rights that have been regulated in the provisions of laws and regulations as referred to in Article 89, Child Victims and Child Witnesses have the right to medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation efforts, both within and outside the institution. However, this right is not obtained by child victims of criminal acts of indecency.
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Wahid, Abdul, and Abdullah Junaedi. "URGENSI SAKSI VERBALISAN DALAM PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR. 329/Pid.B/2020/PN Dgl)." Maleo Law Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56338/mlj.v6i1.2361.

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The problem that will be described in this research is how is the urgency of verbal witness in criminal cases (study of decision number 329/Pid.B/2020/PN Dgl). In obtaining legal materials, this research was carried out by conducting library research with a normative juridical approach by studying the laws and regulations and analyzing the urgency of verbal witnesses in criminal cases. The answer found in the problem is that the role of verbal witnesses in providing information before the trial is only to clarify the minutes of the investigation they have made and refute the testimony of witnesses before the trial basically does not provide evidence strength in the form of witness evidence or the judge's belief in seeking material truth as the basis for judge's considerations. in making a decision. Whereas normatively verbal witnesses are not regulated in the Criminal Procedure Code, but the practice of using verbal witnesses in the process of proving a crime in court is allowed, due to the denial or revocation of testimony by witnesses at trial. Thus, the role of the verbal witness is to test the witness's rebuttal to the truth of the Investigation Report.
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Nur, Dwi Utami Hudaya. "SAKSI KELUARGA DALAM PERKARA PERCERAIAN PADA PENGADILAN AGAMA MAROS." Bilancia: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum 14, no. 1 (2020): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/blc.v14i1.599.

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Everyone is considered capable of being a witness, unless the law dictates otherwise. The prohibition of family witnesses to be presented in divorce trials is a prohibition that is devoted to divorce cases for the sake of avoiding the witness's non-objective attitude in giving testimony. The main research problem was How is the effectiveness of the family witnesses prohibition implemented in divorce cases according to Article 172 clause (1) RBg? This study employed empirical normative legal research methods. The results showed that the implementation of the family witnesses prohibition in divorce cases at the Maros Religious Court was ineffective due to the existence of family witnesses who were still presented by the plaintiff or defendant in court on the grounds of divorce outside syiqaq by considering family closeness to husband and wife which made family witnesses know the household condition.
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Mubarak, Husni, and Sindi Rahmadani. "Dasar Pertimbangan Hakim Terhadap Kesaksian Saksi Istifadah Dalam Perkara Itsbat Nikah." El-Hadhanah : Indonesian Journal Of Family Law And Islamic Law 2, no. 1 (2022): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/hadhanah.v2i1.1581.

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This research is based on a case which registered in Mahkamah Syar’iyah Kualasimpang as case number 10/Pdt.P/2021/MS.Ksg about istbat nikah wherein this case the witnesses who gave their testimonies were istifāḍah witnesses whereas an istifāḍah witness does not meet the criteria as a witness nor meet the matril requirements as regulated in clause 171 verse (1) HIR, clause 308 Rbg and 1907 The Book Of Civil Law all of which say every witness has to give their testimony based on what they saw, heard and experienced in an event while an istifāḍah witness had only heard rumor or story from someone else that an event has occurred. Based on this witnesses’ testimonies, judges authorized istifāḍah witnesses to give their testimonies to be heard in trial. Therefore researcher is interested to study further on howcome judges to consider the authorization of istifāḍah witnesses testimonies in istbat nikah case number 10/Pdt.P/2021/MS.Ksg and how Islamic law views the use of istifāḍah witnesses’ testimonies in an istbat nikah case. The methods used in this research are field study method and library study method with juridical normative approach. The result of the research claims that istifāḍah witnesses’s testimonies can be heard in trial as long as the testimonies given cannot be proved otherwise then the testimonies are true, it means as long the testimonies cannot be denied by another evidence, then two evidences in a form of document and testimony are sufficient, and by considering the matching of the testimonies given by the two witnesses then the testimonies given by istifāḍah witnesses are acceptable as judges’ preasumption, Islamic law views this matter can only be applied in some cases, one of which is istbat nikah case, with this in mind judges grant the pleader I and the pleader II their plead.
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Buzescu, Gheorghe. "Aspects concerning the hearing of witnesses." Technium Social Sciences Journal 54 (February 9, 2024): 179–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v54i1.10617.

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The subject matter of the present study consists of a theoretical and practical account of the modality of hearing the witness in the judicial process, also illustrated by the title of the present study, in this lecture I tried to deal with a series of theoretical and practical issues from the field of criminal procedure, criminalistics and penal, salts have been elaborated by various authors in the specialty polishes. We cannot talk about the key procedures applied to the hearing of witnesses, without knowing the criminal procedural provisions that regulate the given field, and at the same time, without knowing the personality of the witness from a psychological point of view. The conducted study deals with the well-known keys and methods regarding interviewing witnesses. Complete problems are addressed regarding witness depositions with obvious implications both in the criminal investigation phase and in the judicial sequestration phase. The given field has been subjected to numerous trials, taking into account the degree to which the criminalistic key procedures carry it, being a significant one, applied to the hearing of the witness, both from a theoretical point of view and from a practical point of view. The purpose and objectives of this work they consist in studying the mode of hearing the witness with a view to the fair settlement of the case. Achieving this goal requires solving several problems, respectively: Delimitation of the theoretical basis on the psychological process of forming witness statements; Identifying the rights and obligations of the witness; Defining the elements and types of information reception; Trying to remember the facts; Representation of the reproduction of facts; Presentation of preparation for the hearing of witnesses; Determining and clarifying theoretical approaches regarding the hearing of witnesses; Presentation of the means of recording the statements of the witness; The substantiation and highlighting of the general expectations of hearing minor witnesses; Highlighting the peculiarities of the hearing of other groups of witnesses. In the first chapter, I carried out a study on a general representation of the psychological process of training witness statements. Thus, I referred to the rights and obligations of witnesses, I related the elements and types of information reception, and I made an analysis on them. Also, we realized the resume of notions and the importance of the witness's statements, we highlighted the characteristics of the memorization of facts and of the reproduction of facts. In the second chapter, I made a study on the preparation procedures for the hearing of the witnesses and I related the key of the hearing of the witnesses, and in the last paragraph of this chapter I presented the means of recording the statements of the witness. In the third chapter, I performed an analysis of the general expectations of the hearing of minor witnesses and the particularities of the hearing of other categories of witnesses. In the end, I presented the impressions left after the study carried out, presenting at the same time different opinions, presumably also some recommendations regarding the studied field.
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Abel, Zachary, Jeffrey Bosboom, Michael Coulombe, et al. "Who witnesses The Witness? Finding witnesses in The Witness is hard and sometimes impossible." Theoretical Computer Science 839 (November 2020): 41–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2020.05.031.

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Mubarok, Atus Ludin. "Kedudukan Saksi Non Muslim dalam Perkawinan Menurut Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia." Mutawasith: Jurnal Hukum Islam 4, no. 1 (2021): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47971/mjhi.v4i1.307.

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In the field, it often happens that a Muslim marries a convert to a Muslim woman with a large non-Muslim family status. In marriage, converts submit non-Muslim witnesses. What is the status of their testimony according to the law. The purpose of this study was to determine the position of non-Muslim witnesses to marriage according to the legislation with a qualitative method, a literature study approach. Source of data in the form of legislation related to family law. It is done by deductive-inductive method. From the discussion, it can be concluded that the Indonesian laws and regulations stipulate that marriage witnesses must be Muslim. A non-Muslim is not accepted as a witness to a marriage. In the case of divorce and reconciliation, the witness's special religious requirements are set. There is an opportunity for non-Muslims to be witnesses in ruj'u and divorce cases. Divorce on the grounds of shiqaq must be heard from witnesses who come from the husband and wife's family. That is, Article 76 of Law no. 7/1989 paragraph (1) still applies to family and close people of husband and wife who are non-Muslims and must provide testimony as witnesses.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Witnesses"

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McWhite, D. Allen. "A planned strategy for evangelizing Jehovah's Witnesses." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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Larsson, Anneli S. "Interviewing child witnesses /." Göteborg : Dept. of Psychology, Göteborg University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/150.

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Schuman, John Philippe. "Questions for child witnesses." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0005/MQ42686.pdf.

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Born, Frank. "The Christian witness New Testament aspects and selected implications for missiology /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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Finelli, Victor F. "The interrogation of a witness in a contentious trial the affidavit versus the deposition /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Hussey, Heather Joan Catriona. "Potential jurors' perceptions of child witnesses." University of Western Australia. Centre for Forensic Science, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0151.

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This thesis describes research about potential jurors' beliefs about children as witnesses. Jurors' knowledge of memory, suggestibility and child sexual abuse was collected and analysed. The aim was to identify strengths or weaknesses in jurors' knowledge to further inform discussion on whether experts should provide evidence to jurors about children's memory, suggestibility and behaviour, in cases which involve child witnesses. This research showed that jurors from both Australia and America had correct beliefs about some characteristics of child witnesses, however they also had incorrect beliefs. The main areas where both Australian and American jurors' beliefs were incorrect was in the suggestibility and interrogation category, and the memory and ability to testify category; however both had some incorrect beliefs with respect to reactions to sexual abuse and disclosure about sexual abuse categories. These findings support the proposition that expert evidence would be beneficial in improving jurors' knowledge of child witnesses, particularly in the areas of children's suggestibility and responses to interrogation. Jurors' assessment of children's testimony is fundamental in some criminal cases, and therefore information obtained in this study has implications for any case where a child witness testifies.
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Ploeger, Matthew Brian. "Expert witnesses in federal civil litigation /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Andrews, Samantha J. "Child witnesses in Scottish criminal courts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/268512.

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Gathering evidence from young and vulnerable witnesses requires special care, and subjecting them to the traditional adversarial form of examination and cross-examination – often characterized by overly leading, complex, and confusing questioning – has come under increased scrutiny. The present program of research was designed to investigate: 1) four features of lawyers’ questioning techniques (question type [Chapter 1], linguistic complexity [Chapter 2], question repetition [Chapter 3], and question content [Chapter 4]), 2) how these parameters affected children’s responses (including an in-depth analysis of children’s propensity to express uncertainty [Chapter 5]), and 3) whether the children’s ages affected the ways they were questioned or how they responded. The sample of court transcripts was drawn from 36 trials involving 56 children aged 5 to 17 years old who testified about alleged sexual abuse in Scotland between 2009 and 2014. Analyses showed that a large proportion of the questions posed to children by lawyers were suggestive questions that implied expected responses or introduced undisclosed information. Questions were overly complex linguistically, heavily repetitious, and focused to a large extent on peripheral elements of the allegations. In response, children acquiesced to suggestions most of the time and expressed uncertainty less than might be expected, given the nature of the questioning. Overall, both prosecutors and defense lawyers were insensitive to the capacities of children of different ages. The way children are questioned in court can have negative influences on the quality of the evidence obtained, regardless of the lawyers’ roles or the children’s ages. It is suggested that, in order for trials to be fair, evidence needs to be elicited in accordance with research-informed best-practice guidelines. More advanced training, the use of intermediaries, and the Barnahus model are discussed as potential ways to support the implementation of best-practice questioning strategies.
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Maffei, Stefano. "Confrontation of adverse witnesses : a European perspective." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413125.

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Ryndak, Karen M. "Alibi Witnesses: Willingness to Provide False Alibis." UNF Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/501.

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Hamilton’s Rule (1964) involves the notion that the likelihood of an altruistic act being performed is predicted by the degree of relatedness between the recipient and the donor. Therefore, the extent to which people would be willing to lie for a defendant is a function of the degree of biological relationship between the defendant and the alibi witness. The researchers of the current study presented participants with one murder and one burglary packet containing a police report summary and a hypothetical scenario. The summary police report detailed case facts, evidence collected, and witness statements. Following their reading of the police report summary participants made judgments on witness’ credibility, defendant’s guilt and types of evidence. In the hypothetical scenarios, participants were asked to imagine their father or male friend is pleading with them to act as an alibi witness. Participants then agreed or disagreed to serve as an alibi witness. Overall, the researchers found participants were unwilling to provide false alibis, however, when they were, participants gave false alibis for their father more often than for their friend. Limitations may be a restricted sample, evidence certainty, and the yes or no decision to providing a false alibi. Future research should include an examination of individual differences and moral development.
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Books on the topic "Witnesses"

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Mewett, Alan W. Witnesses. Thomson Professional Pub. Canada, 1991.

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Mewett, Alan W. Witnesses. Carswell, 1995.

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Leazer, Gary H. Jehovah's Witnesses: Interfaith witness associate manual. Home Mission Board, SBC, 1992.

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Lewis, Brian. Wolfenden’s Witnesses. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137321503.

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Sanra, Nancy. No witnesses. Rising Tide Press, 1995.

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Kern, Herbert. Jehovah's Witnesses. Concordia Pub., 1995.

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Pearson, Ridley. No witnesses. Hyperion, 1994.

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Commissioner, Tasmania Office of Law Reform. Child witnesses. The Commissioner, 1990.

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Stout, Rex. Three witnesses. Bantam Books, 1994.

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Stout, Rex. Three witnesses. Bantam, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Witnesses"

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Leaman, Thomas L., and James W. Saxton. "Witnesses." In Preventing Malpractice. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1121-6_5.

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Carr, Mary Ann. "Witnesses." In The Great Chocolate Caper. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003238805-29.

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Green, Jennifer, and Michael Green. "Jehovah’s Witnesses." In Dealing with Death. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7216-3_20.

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Eisenberg, Ronald L. "Expert Witnesses." In Radiology and the Law. Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2040-4_5.

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Huang, Ronald. "Jehovah’s Witnesses." In The Perioperative Medicine Consult Handbook. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19704-9_21.

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Chandrasekhar, Shobana. "Jehovah’s Witnesses." In Consults in Obstetric Anesthesiology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59680-8_93.

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Budroni, Costantino. "Dimension Witnesses." In Temporal Quantum Correlations and Hidden Variable Models. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24169-2_5.

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Nemeth, Charles P. "Lay Witnesses." In Law and Evidence, 3rd ed. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003267140-5.

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McGourlay, Claire, Mark Thomas, Suzanne Gower, and Joyce Claudia Choo. "Witnesses I." In Evidence: Law and Context, 6th ed. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003416098-4.

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McGourlay, Claire, Mark Thomas, Suzanne Gower, and Joyce Claudia Choo. "Witnesses II." In Evidence: Law and Context, 6th ed. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003416098-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Witnesses"

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Dromgool, Mark B. "When Technical Expertise Turns to Advocacy Dueling Technical Experts – Part II." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02859.

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Abstract How can two or more experienced coatings or corrosion industry practitioners – having vast amounts of knowledge in their specialist field and with a history of obedience to the scientific doctrine of being fact-finders and fact-interpreters – look forensically at the same evidence connected, for example, with a coatings or lining failure, and then stand up in court as expert witnesses to become active campaigners for their client’s position and present totally different causes, mechanisms or consequences? The dueling between expert witnesses in litigation diminishes the ethical standing of true technical experts, whose duty – as articulated in what is known as a Code of Conduct for Expert Witnesses in most legal jurisdictions – is to provide expertise, knowledge and independent evidence of facts and opinion to the court that it does not have of itself. This paper presents some examples of the sort of dueling that technical experts in disputes can resort to as they transform from technical experts into advocates. Part I of this paper (NACE 2009, Paper 090381) provided advice to technical experts in their field who may be called as expert witnesses in dispute or court proceedings. It also described the process by which expert witnesses may provide evidence in a typical court situation.
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Wenzel, Baris, Eberhard Möller, Benjamin Schmid, and Christiane Weber. "Creating an openly accessible database for bridges and engineering models and their digital twins – the bridge over the Rhine by Fritz Leonhardt as a case study." In IABSE Congress, San José 2024: Beyond Structural Engineering in a Changing World. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2749/sanjose.2024.0661.

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<p>For a research project, founded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), an interdisciplinary team of civil engineers, construction historians, restorers, and architects has set itself the goal of documenting and preserving the last witnesses of the method of model analysis, where physical measurement models were used as a tool to examine the structural behaviour of load-bearing constructions in the era of high modernity. This contribution gives an insight into how digital twins are created, as well as how the data and information on these last witnesses were collected, stored, and processed using as an example the bridge near Emmerich designed by Fritz Leonhardt (1909-1999) and tested at the material testing institute (MPA) Stuttgart. To maximize the benefit of the collected data, it will be made publicly accessible in a database. This contribution will provide insight into the creation of the database, the diversity of the data and file formats.</p>
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Farcasiu, Marcela. "WITNESSES’ ANSWERING STRATEGIES IN THE ROMANIAN WITNESS EXAMINATION." In NORDSCI International Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2019/b2/v2/34.

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This paper focuses on the answering strategies used by witnesses in the Romanian witness examinations. The Romanian witness examination is governed by the judge-lawyer-witness triad, with the judge acting as the intermediary between the lawyer and the witness. In the Romanian courtroom (belonging to the inquisitorial system of justice), witnesses are not as constrained by the system as the American ones. Therefore, some of them may use some strategies through which they reprimand the judge or the system of justice. Such strategies include counter-questioning strategies and dispreferred answers.
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Pejaković-Đipić, Silvija, and Željko Karas. "TWO-WITNESS RULE DURING HOME SEARCH IN THE LIGHT OF THE COVID PANDEMIC." In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22432.

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Authors are analysing the extent of acceptance of rule on mandatory presence of two witnesses during a home search in national criminal proceedings in EU Member States. While some police powers in Croatia are regulated using modern forms of protection of suspects’ rights, some other investigative actions are regulated using rules that are uncommon in EU. Home search has a historic model of obligatory presence of two witnesses. These witnesses are often randomly selected among citizens, they are not legal professionals. A suspect has no right to reject witnesses if he considers that they could violate his privacy or health rights. Besides that, the Two-witness Rule has a peculiar impact on the evidence law. Items found during home search cannot be legally used if only one witness was present. According to such consequence, this rule actually requires a certain number of witnesses to prove a fact. Such requirements on number of witnesses have been abandoned in modern evidence law. The results of the analysis of the EU Member States show that the rule on the mandatory presence of two witnesses is widespread only in some post-communist systems. When it comes to EU criminal procedure codes (CPCs), the mandatory presence of witnesses exists in Croatian, Slovenian and Bulgarian CPC. The study is showing influence of former Russian CPC in post-Soviet era as well as the influence of former Yugoslav CPC. Regarded as the relic of the past, these procedural guarantees of home inviolability in the cases of home search should be reassessed and improved. In the context of COVID crisis, mandatory presence of witnesses presents challenge for the protection of suspect’s and witnesses’ health. Observed from the suspect’s right to protect his health or the witnesses’ right not to expose themselves to potentially health endangered situations, finding witnesses presents even more complexed mission. If the suspect is in COVID quarantine and the search must be conducted, can witnesses be forced to enter such premises? In case that suspect requires fully vaccinated witnesses who can present valid COVID Certificate or negative PCR test, how could his requirement be fulfilled? The possible solution for both evidence law and health reasons could be the use of modern technologies such as video recording that could replace mandatory witnesses presence. Finally, it would be more appropriate to respect the suspect’s choice on protection of his rights or to use modern technical means or defence lawyer, as in other investigative actions in criminal procedure.
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Zipse, W., and Daleep C. Mohla. "Expert witnesses: The basics." In 2014 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference (PCIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pcicon.2014.6961881.

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Stuart, J. "Expert witnesses - forensic engineers." In IEE Colloquium on `Principles of Law for Engineers and Managers'. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19961317.

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Asif, Sana, Byungjin Jun, Fabián E. Bustamante, and John P. Rula. "Networked systems as witnesses." In IMC '21: ACM Internet Measurement Conference. ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3487552.3487831.

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Wu-chang Feng and Travis Schluessler. "The case for network witnesses." In 2008 4th Workshop on Secure Network Protocols (NPSec). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/npsec.2008.4664874.

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Asadi, Ali, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Hongfei Fu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, and Mohammad Mahdavi. "Polynomial reachability witnesses via Stellensätze." In PLDI '21: 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3453483.3454076.

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Wu, Larry T. H., Eric Y. Zhu, and Li Qian. "Machine Learning Derived Entanglement Witnesses." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2021.fw3n.1.

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Reports on the topic "Witnesses"

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Clarke, E., O. Grumberg, K. McMillan, and X. Zhao. Efficient Generation of Counterexamples and Witnesses in Symbolic Model Checking. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada288583.

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McKay, Jaclynn, Mikalaa Martin, Micaela Ascolese, and Gabby DiEmma. North Carolina State University and the Forensic Technology Center of Excellence Two-Part Virtual Workshop Series: Qualifications of an Expert Witness for Legal Professionals—The Daubert and Frye Standards. RTI Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.cp.0017.2312.

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The Forensic Technology Center of Excellence, a program of the National Institute of Justice, in collaboration with North Carolina State University, hosted a two-part virtual workshop series on the Qualifications of an Expert Witness for Legal Professionals. The workshop series included topics relevant to qualifications of expert witnesses in forensic disciplines, with the first workshop occurring on August 2, 2023, and centering around the Daubert standard. The second workshop occurred on October 25, 2023, and focused on the Frye standard. The workshops brought together over 800 criminal justice professionals to explore the historical basis for the Frye and Daubert standards, the issues surrounding qualifying expert witnesses, the effect of the standards on the admission of expert testimony in the courts, and the future of forensic testimony with the December 2023 revisions to Federal Rule of Evidence 702. The workshops included presentations from a diverse panel of speakers spanning the breadth of legal practitioners—including trial attorneys, professors, attorney generals, and postconviction litigators—and provided a platform for attendees to discuss legal issues related to forensic science.
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Pitman, Roger K. Incidence and Psychophysiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Breast Cancer Victims and Witnesses. Defense Technical Information Center, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb234468.

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Kamp, Alanna, Nida Denson, Rosalie Atie, et al. Asian Australians’ Experiences of Racism during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56311/dsha5548.

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"Our research looked at Asian Australians’ experiences of racism before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined how these experiences are associated with their mental health, wellbeing and feelings of belonging. We analysed how targets and witnesses respond to racist incidents, and whether they report these incidents.
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Yusupov, Dilmurad. Deaf Uzbek Jehovah’s Witnesses: The Case of Intersection of Disability, Ethnic and Religious Inequalities in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.008.

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This study explores how intersecting identities based on disability, ethnicity and religion impact the wellbeing of deaf Uzbek Jehovah’s Witnesses in post-Soviet Uzbekistan. By analysing the collected ethnographic data and semi-structured interviews with deaf people, Islamic religious figures, and state officials in the capital city Tashkent, it provides the case of how a reaction of a majority religious group to the freedom of religious belief contributes to the marginalisation and exclusion of religious deaf minorities who were converted from Islam to the Jehovah’s Witnesses. The paper argues that the insensitivity of the dominant Muslim communities to the freedom of religious belief of deaf Uzbek Christian converts excluded them from their project activities and allocation of resources provided by the newly established Islamic Endowment Public charity foundation ‘Vaqf’. Deaf people in Uzbekistan are often stigmatised and discriminated against based on their disability identity, and religious inequality may further exacerbate existing challenges, lead to unintended exclusionary tendencies within the local deaf communities, and ultimately inhibit the formation of collective deaf identity and agency to advocate for their legitimate rights and interests.
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Grossman, Michele, Mark Duckworth, Greg Barton, et al. Submission to Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security. Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56311/yszp5128.

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In May 2021, CRIS and AVERT members Professor Michele Grossman, Mark Duckworth, Lydia Khalil, Dr Joshua Roose and Dr Mario Peucker appeared as expert witnesses at the public hearings held in Canberra for the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security’s Inquiry into Extremist Movements and Radicalism in Australia. Professor Michele Grossman, Mark Duckworth, Professor Greg Barton, Dr Vivian Gerrand, Dr Matteo Vergani, Dr Mario Peucker, Professor Hass Dellal and Jacob Davey
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Rekawek, Kacper. Surveillance and Protection- Insights from the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia. International Centre for Counter Terrorism, 2025. https://doi.org/10.19165/2025.3263.

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Protection systems in Central-Eastern Europe (CEE) are different from the Dutch system. They are older and initially, i.e., pre-World War II, were built to counter the threat of politically motivated violence. Post-1989, it changed to threats from organised crime, and since the 2010s, it is changing again towards countering politically motivated acts. Each of the three systems had its own turning points – be it 2010/2018 or 2024. These energised the systems and spurred them into action, but often this is happening in a “we should have seen it coming” fashion. The most obvious case of this is Slovakia in the aftermath of the assassination attempt on Prime Minister (PM) Robert Fico, with the head of Úrad pre ochranu ústavných činiteľov a diplomatických misií MV SR – (Ministry of Interior’s) Department for the protection of “constitutional authorities” and diplomatic missions (UOUC) now admitting they failed to imagine something like this happening and failed to train for this eventuality. This now leads to a hyperactive approach from the unit and the tightening of standards. Each system is seemingly available throughout the whole country and groups protected persons (PPs) into three categories: VIPs, witnesses and crown witnesses, and harmed or threatened persons. There is also the military option for the ministers of defence – these are protected by the military gendarmerie, and there have been instances of given ministers using such units too eagerly, while, for example, attending their sports facilities or even sending them to shop for them. Two of the three systems (Czech and Slovak) are run by the unified, hierarchical police forces. In Poland, there is also the SOP (Sluzba Ochrony Panstwa or State Protection Service), which protects VIPs. Nonetheless, the organisational flowcharts are very clear and similar across the three case studies. The first group of PPs is the most visible, with ample literature available on it. The second is surrounded by a proverbial wall of silence and for the right reasons. Indeed, recent literature coming out on the topic is sometimes written by the former crown witnesses who undermine the integrity of the system as they overstress the system’s shortcomings and failures. The third layer seems most neglected – some police forces almost habitually refuse to work on this layer of the protection system, others are more zealous in this regard. Herein, however, lies the biggest difference between the three case studies – the Slovak system encourages a victim to report a crime and the police will then go after the criminal, the Polish system has seen a boom in the number of “harmed/threatened persons,” the Czech system finds itself in between the two. The command and control of the systems is centralised and hierarchical and almost totally in the hands of the police – the only exception being the Polish VIP protection unit, SOP. Hardly any other institution features in the system at all, except the prosecutor’s office, if there is a complaint against a person allegedly being the source of a given threat, or the military police, if protection is about the Minister of Defence or the chief of the general staff. State resources are also used to protect the buildings and some of the personnel from “state assets,” i.e., nationalised companies running, for example, electricity, water, gas, etc. These develop their own protection services and obtain them using, effectively, state funds, but shop for these on the proverbial market. The systems have not undergone any devolution – even in the light of threats and attacks against local figures. One might be working with the local police or its elements to counter these locally, but the command and control is very much in the hands of, at least, regional commands of the police force and the proverbial buck always stops with the police president/police commander and, subsequently, the Minister of Interior and the Prime Minister. Moreover, if local figures are to be protected (as in the aftermath of the Adamowicz assassination in Poland), this is still ordered “from on high” and then sent down the chain of command. Again, one size fits all is more evident here with police units across the countries working from a centrally ordained script. Local variations are possible and available, but there is an attempt to synchronise options and protection packages. The police forces rely on tested modalities, but allow for a degree of flexibility, depending on the situation and the resources at hand in all three sub-elements of the systems. There is a tendency to start low and upgrade if need be – the case of Lucia Plavakova in Slovakia is telling in that regard. Police forces will not share the rules and regulations governing the packages offered to a given protected person. There is a tendency to legislate for each type of PPs separately and/or enshrine the regulations governing the protection systems in, for example, police bills. Police forces suffer from recruitment issues all around the region. Its protective departments belong to the most overworked, but this is also due to the fact that some have focused on recruiting members close to retirement and not individuals keen on moving up the proverbial ladder of a given police force. As a result of this, relatively few policemen want to join these and consequently, they are understaffed. More elite units within the protection systems, for example, focusing on the protection of crown witnesses or within regional commands and working towards the protection of harmed persons, remain relatively unknown, which prevents them from leaking information but also disrupts their recruitment efforts as fellow policemen often do not know about them or their work and are thus unlikely to join them.
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Otto, Lynn. Real Witness. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1043.

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Albert, Jose Ramon, Ma Teresa Habitan, Aubrey Tabuga, Jana Flor Vizmanos, Mika Muñoz, and Angelo Hernandez. Long-Term Effects of Labor Migration in the Philippines: “Napakasakit, Kuya Eddie!”. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/dp2023.17.

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As the country witnesses a steady export of its human resources, it becomes imperative to explore not only the immediate impacts of labor migration on the Philippine economy but also its long-term consequences on both the overseas Filipino workers and the families they leave behind. This study examines the various effects of labor migration on OFWs and their families, including the economic benefits and social costs (e.g., family dynamics, child outcomes in terms of labor, health, education) of the diaspora, and what the government has done to assist these modern-day heroes. Remittances sent home by OFWs have become a major contributor to the Philippine economy, representing around 10 percent of gross domestic product. This provides income for families and supports consumer spending. However, labor migration has led to divided families and complex transnational relationships between OFWs and their families in the Philippines. While remittances support loved ones, being miles away from loved ones can cause psychic pains. Findings from interviews with OFWs and their families also suggest that young OFWs dream of retiring early but may not be provided systematic support for financial literacy. The paper calls for strengthening the reinforcement of legal frameworks, enhancing the labor market, improving social protection programs for OFWs and their families, equipping them with the necessary skills to achieve financial sustainability, and regularly monitoring OFW conditions for evidence-informed policymaking.
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Creed, Fabiola, and Rowena Bermingham. Improving witness testimony. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn607.

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Witness testimony is a written or oral statement given by an individual who has experienced an incident. It is collected during criminal investigations (including through investigative interviews, facial composites and identity parades). However, inaccurate witness testimony (such as the incorrect identification of a suspect) can lead to innocent people being wrongfully convicted. Wrongfully accused or convicted individuals are at risk of discrimination, relationship damage and poor mental health. Wrongful convictions are also costly, with a miscarriage of justice costing up to £1 million in compensation, and cause reputational damage to the police and legal system. Furthermore, the real perpetrators are not caught and may continue to harm society by committing further crime.
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