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1
McWhite, D. Allen. "A planned strategy for evangelizing Jehovah's Witnesses." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Larsson, Anneli S. "Interviewing child witnesses /." Göteborg : Dept. of Psychology, Göteborg University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/150.
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Schuman, John Philippe. "Questions for child witnesses." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0005/MQ42686.pdf.
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Born, Frank. "The Christian witness New Testament aspects and selected implications for missiology /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Finelli, Victor F. "The interrogation of a witness in a contentious trial the affidavit versus the deposition /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Hussey, Heather Joan Catriona. "Potential jurors' perceptions of child witnesses." University of Western Australia. Centre for Forensic Science, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0151.
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This thesis describes research about potential jurors' beliefs about children as witnesses. Jurors' knowledge of memory, suggestibility and child sexual abuse was collected and analysed. The aim was to identify strengths or weaknesses in jurors' knowledge to further inform discussion on whether experts should provide evidence to jurors about children's memory, suggestibility and behaviour, in cases which involve child witnesses. This research showed that jurors from both Australia and America had correct beliefs about some characteristics of child witnesses, however they also had incorrect beliefs. The main areas where both Australian and American jurors' beliefs were incorrect was in the suggestibility and interrogation category, and the memory and ability to testify category; however both had some incorrect beliefs with respect to reactions to sexual abuse and disclosure about sexual abuse categories. These findings support the proposition that expert evidence would be beneficial in improving jurors' knowledge of child witnesses, particularly in the areas of children's suggestibility and responses to interrogation. Jurors' assessment of children's testimony is fundamental in some criminal cases, and therefore information obtained in this study has implications for any case where a child witness testifies.
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Ploeger, Matthew Brian. "Expert witnesses in federal civil litigation /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Andrews, Samantha J. "Child witnesses in Scottish criminal courts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/268512.
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Gathering evidence from young and vulnerable witnesses requires special care, and subjecting them to the traditional adversarial form of examination and cross-examination – often characterized by overly leading, complex, and confusing questioning – has come under increased scrutiny. The present program of research was designed to investigate: 1) four features of lawyers’ questioning techniques (question type [Chapter 1], linguistic complexity [Chapter 2], question repetition [Chapter 3], and question content [Chapter 4]), 2) how these parameters affected children’s responses (including an in-depth analysis of children’s propensity to express uncertainty [Chapter 5]), and 3) whether the children’s ages affected the ways they were questioned or how they responded. The sample of court transcripts was drawn from 36 trials involving 56 children aged 5 to 17 years old who testified about alleged sexual abuse in Scotland between 2009 and 2014. Analyses showed that a large proportion of the questions posed to children by lawyers were suggestive questions that implied expected responses or introduced undisclosed information. Questions were overly complex linguistically, heavily repetitious, and focused to a large extent on peripheral elements of the allegations. In response, children acquiesced to suggestions most of the time and expressed uncertainty less than might be expected, given the nature of the questioning. Overall, both prosecutors and defense lawyers were insensitive to the capacities of children of different ages. The way children are questioned in court can have negative influences on the quality of the evidence obtained, regardless of the lawyers’ roles or the children’s ages. It is suggested that, in order for trials to be fair, evidence needs to be elicited in accordance with research-informed best-practice guidelines. More advanced training, the use of intermediaries, and the Barnahus model are discussed as potential ways to support the implementation of best-practice questioning strategies.
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Maffei, Stefano. "Confrontation of adverse witnesses : a European perspective." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413125.
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Ryndak, Karen M. "Alibi Witnesses: Willingness to Provide False Alibis." UNF Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/501.
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Hamilton’s Rule (1964) involves the notion that the likelihood of an altruistic act being performed is predicted by the degree of relatedness between the recipient and the donor. Therefore, the extent to which people would be willing to lie for a defendant is a function of the degree of biological relationship between the defendant and the alibi witness. The researchers of the current study presented participants with one murder and one burglary packet containing a police report summary and a hypothetical scenario. The summary police report detailed case facts, evidence collected, and witness statements. Following their reading of the police report summary participants made judgments on witness’ credibility, defendant’s guilt and types of evidence. In the hypothetical scenarios, participants were asked to imagine their father or male friend is pleading with them to act as an alibi witness. Participants then agreed or disagreed to serve as an alibi witness. Overall, the researchers found participants were unwilling to provide false alibis, however, when they were, participants gave false alibis for their father more often than for their friend. Limitations may be a restricted sample, evidence certainty, and the yes or no decision to providing a false alibi. Future research should include an examination of individual differences and moral development.
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Liu, Shing-bun Ricky. "An analysis of witness protection policy in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25139587.
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Greenwood, Megan. "Watchful witnesses : a study of the Crypt Memory and Witness Centre at St George's Cathedral and its Bearing Witness exhibition process." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10507.
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This thesis examines four themes that surface through the Crypt Centre's activities towards its upcoming exhibition entitled Bearing Witness. The themes include the role of remembrance, bearing witness, the parameters of inclusions and exclusions, and the Crypt Centre's physical and symbolic significance.
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Gühne, Otfried. "Detecting quantum entanglement entanglement witnesses and uncertainty relations /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972550216.
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Harms, Paul Davis. "Perceptions of child-witnesses in sexual abuse trials." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0006/NQ35175.pdf.
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Younger, Crystal. "Characteristics of Effective Expert Witnesses in Rehabilitation Counseling." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/278.
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Vocational expert witnesses are retained to perform vocational assessments and provide vocational rehabilitation counseling services to disabled individuals. They are often required to testify as expert witnesses at trials on cases in which they have evaluated disabled individuals or provided rehabilitation counseling services to disabled clients. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of effective vocational expert witnesses. Certified Rehabilitation Counselors (CRCs) who were members of the International Association of Rehabilitation Professionals (IARP) were asked to complete the Rehabilitation Counselor Questionnaire and Survey and nominate effective vocational expert witnesses for this study. A total of 346 certified rehabilitation counselors participated. Ninety five of the 346 respondents were nominated by their peers as effective vocational expert witnesses. Results of this study determined that rehabilitation counselors who were nominated by their peers as effective expert witnesses were more effective than rehabilitation counselors who were not nominated as effective expert witnesses in a number of areas: Rehabilitation counselors who were nominated as effective expert witnesses have more self-confidence, enjoy debating more, enjoy conducting research more, enjoy administering tests more, utilize subjective sources more often in forming opinions, are more comfortable speaking generally or before a judge or jury, more often identify providing expert testimony as one of their favorite tasks, and get anxious less often before they testify. Rehabilitation counselors nominated as effective expert witnesses are significantly different from rehabilitation counselors who were not nominated by their peers as effective expert witnesses in that nominated counselors have a high number of court appearances annually, hold a state license as a counselor more often, and have been a rehabilitation counselor for a long time.
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Ong, Lee Za. "Wisconsin attorneys in selection of vocational expert witnesses." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999ong.pdf.
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Schoeman, Ulrike Charlotte Wanda. "A Training program for intermediaries for the child witness in South African courts." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11032006-175438.
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Perez, Christina. "Narrative Abilities and Resistance to Suggestion in Monolingual and Bilingual Children: Implications for Forensic Interviews." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1556563428655542.
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Stevenson, Kim. "Competency and credibility : the evidence of children in cases of child sexual abuse." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283033.
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Hall-Lavoie, Debra Margaret. "The role of occupational therapy expert witnesses in Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq22601.pdf.
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McCarthy, Brian Rice. "God's special concern for the poor some biblical witnesses /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Holton, Robert. ""Jarring witnesses"; : modern fiction and the representation of history." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74577.
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This thesis begins by surveying briefly the discussion in philosophy of history of the function of point of view as a formal, a cognitive, and a cultural determinant in narrative historiography in relation to Bourdieu's theory of doxa and heterodoxy and Bakhtin's concept of heteroglossia. With this theoretical framework established, a number of modern novels concerned with history are then explored. Chapters devoted to Conrad's Nostromo, Ford's Parade's End and Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom! examine the ultimately orthodox historiographical points of view of these novels, while a chapter on the fiction of black American women engages the problem of historiography from the margins of the dominant culture. In the final chapter, Pynchon's V. is the focus of a discussion of postmodernism in relation to historiographic discourse.
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Cliff, Louisa. "New measures for witnesses : are they performing as anticipated?" Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2784/.
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The route of the witness through the criminal justice system, from identification to testimony, has always been fraught with difficulty. There are innumerable sources of influence, intimidation and manipulation which can affect a witness’s performance at any point on this pathway. In recent years, and in an effort to resolve several of the issues surrounding witness performance, the British Government have introduced a number of legislative measures to improve performance at identity parades and enhance the court experience of vulnerable witnesses and thereby improve the quality of their testimony. While it seems that these measures have been generally well received, there remain some valid questions over their implementation and whether they are eliciting the desired effects. The sequential identity parade system, V.I.P.E.R. was devised primarily as a cost-cutting procedural change by West Yorkshire Police in 1999. However, V.I.P.E.R.’s design was heavily influenced by the large extant literature declaring a sequential superiority effect for target absent parades. Specifically, the data claim that sequential identity parades significantly reduce the rate of false identifications from target absent parades whilst preserving hit rates for target present parades. Yet all of the studies purporting this effect have used a very different procedure to that employed by V.I.P.E.R.; these studies use, and recommend, a strict sequential procedure whilst UK legislation requires V.I.P.E.R. parades to be shown twice. Thus the effects of using a V.I.P.E.R. parade upon rates of identification and misidentifications have yet to be empirically investigated. The results of this study revealed that there was no significant effect of parade presentation mode upon rates of correct identifications for target present parades or the rate of mistaken identifications in target absent parades. The next step for many witnesses is the progression of their case to trial. The incidence of intimidation and vulnerability of adult witnesses appears to be increasing and so a range of Special Measures, more commonly used with child witnesses, were extended to adult witnesses who meet legislative criteria. However, there again has been no investigation into the effects the use of the Special Measures for adult witnesses has upon jurors ‘perceptions of that witness, the defendant and, if there is a change in perceptions, whether they are substantive enough to alter the trial verdict. The current experiments revealed that the use of a screen does not significantly alter jurors’ perceptions and had no effect on conviction rates. The use of live CCTV links led the witness to be perceived as less credible but again this did not affect the verdict. It is the use of pre-recorded video evidence which raises the most concern; witnesses testifying in this manner are perceived as significantly less credible and believable which in turn has a significant effect upon conviction rates. However, when tested in a deliberating jury group situation, all the Special Measures were associated with the witness being perceived as more credible compared to the control condition, although these differences were not significant, and there was no significant effect upon the rate of guilty verdicts across all conditions. Overall, it appears that the implementation of both of these legislative steps have had varying degrees of success. While the V.I.P.E.R. identity parade procedure has reduced running costs it appears that there are no significant differences between V.I.P.E.R. and simultaneous procedures for either target present or target absent identity parades. Conversely, it appears that the introduction of the Special Measures for vulnerable adult witnesses has been largely well received and tentatively successful in reducing witness anxiety. The data suggest that there are no significant negative effects associated with using these Special Measures, certainly under the more ecologically valid condition of the deliberating jury group. Nevertheless, a series of policy recommendations have been made for both identity parade and testimony procedures with the aim of further enhancing the witness’s performance and experience through the criminal justice system.
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Ngane, Sylvia Ntube. "The position of witnesses before the International Criminal Court." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634756.
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This study is on the position of witnesses before the International Criminal Court (ICC) the extent to which they may be subject to the jurisdiction of this international organisation and what this tells us about the system of global governance. It seeks to ascertain that there is a cosmopolitan international community, with shared values, that are instantiated in the international criminal tribunals, and that is what justifies the exercise of jurisdiction over witnesses who provide false testimony or engage in other forms of contempt of court. The thesis evaluates the practice of the ICC, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) and the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL). The thesis examines the implications of cosmopolitan thought for the functioning of the ICC, and the implications of this for the position of witnesses before the ICC and other international criminal tribunals. The cosmopolitan theory becomes a way of understanding the assertions about international criminal institutions and a way of critiquing their practice and jurisprudence. It is used as an analytical tool to judge the extent to which these courts and tribunals exhibit cosmopolitan features. At the same time the theory is used as a normative framework to guide the permanent ICC in its dealings with witnesses and determine the position of witnesses before the ICC. Through this process the thesis reveals gaps between the theory and practice, recognising that in application and practice things like a cosmopolitan moral court are very problematic. The evidence from these criminal courts and tribunals most especially with regards to the sanctioning of witnesses for false testimony sets out how in an operational sense the assertions about cosmopolitanism are open to challenge. Notwithstanding this challenge, the thesis show how the gap between the theory and practice could be bridged and cosmopolitan features and principles could remain embedded in the permanent ICC.
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Dziemba, Friederike Anna [Verfasser]. "Disturbed witnesses in quantum complexity theory / Friederike Anna Dziemba." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1179909658/34.
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Waite, S. R. "Optical fibre witnesses of fatigue damage in composite materials." Thesis, City University London, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384019.
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Kask, Kristjan. "Trying to improve child and young adult witnesses' performance." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31252.
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As the number of children who testify in court increases, so does the need to obtain accurate information.;The present PhD thesis aimed to examine possible ways of trying to improve child and young adult witnesses' testimony. The author was particularly interested in questioning methods with children, young adults' person descriptions, and face recognition and identification ability of both children and young adults (including the ability to recognize different race faces). Chapter 1 reviews the relevant literature.;Chapter 2 presents a meta-analysis of identification studies involving children. Chapter 3 examines Estonian investigators' questioning styles with child witnesses focusing on the length and type of details in children's answers to questions. Chapter 4 examines the effects of using a person in young adult witnesses' visual field as a comparison (or 'standard) to assist their recall of a previously seen, different person. Chapters 5 and 6 present the comparison of Estonian children's and young adults' face recognition ability of different race faces, as there appear to have been published no studies of the cross-racial effect in less 'westernised' societies, such as in Estonia. Also new sequential target presentation methods were used.;All results are discussed with reference to previous findings.
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Kot, Sarina (Sarina Ying-Lai). "Intensive Play Therapy with Child Witnesses of Domestic Violence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277690/.
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This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of intensive play therapy as a method of intervention for child witnesses of domestic violence. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of intensive play therapy in: (a) improving the self-concept of child witnesses of domestic violence; (b) reducing internalizing behavior problems, such as withdrawal, somatic complaints, anxiety, and depression, of child witnesses of domestic violence; (c) reducing externalizing behavior problems, such as aggression and delinquency, of child witnesses of domestic violence; (d) reducing overall behavior problems, including internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, and social problems, thought problems, and attention problems, of child witnesses of domestic violence; and (e) improving play behaviors in the areas of affection, contact, physical proximity, self-direction, aggression, mood, play themes, and food nurturing themes.
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Tomblinson, Shauna. "Speech-Language Pathologists as Expert Witnesses in Court Cases." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2823.
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The purpose of this study was to discover if as an expert witness, an SLP can make a significant impact on the decision made by juries in the cases of defendants with a traumatic brain injury compared to no expert witness testimony. Participants were recruited from a pool of individuals who met the requirements to be a potential juror in the state of Illinois. Participants completed a survey regarding their opinions on defendants with TBI in court cases. The survey was created with the online survey generator software, “Google Forms” in order to determine if individuals would judge a defendant differently when informed of the expert witness testimony of an SLP. Results suggest a positive correlation between exposure to SLP testimony and greater leniency or rehabilitative tendencies in legal judgment. The implications of these results shine a very important light on the issue of individuals with TBI inside the criminal justice system. If cases continue to be held in a court of law without the input of specialized SLP expert knowledge, it would be difficult to say if true justice is served for each individual. With SLP expert testimony, the number of individuals with TBI who are behind bars as a result of ill-informed jury sentencing could be significantly reduced.
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Tan, Christine Joy. "The identity of the two witnesses in Revelation 11." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Bucur, Bogdan Gabriel. "Angelomorphic pneumatology : Clement of Alexandria and other early Christian witnesses /." Leiden : Brill, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789004174146.
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Kellett, Brandi Bingham. "Haunting Witnesses: Diasporic Consciousness in African American and Caribbean Writing." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/510.
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This project examines the ways in which several texts written in the late twentieth century by African American and Caribbean writers appropriate history and witness trauma. I read the representational practices of Toni Morrison, Ernest Gaines, Paule Marshall, and Fred D'Aguiar as they offer distinct approaches to history and the resulting effects such reconstituted, discovered, or, in some cases, imagined histories can have on the affirmation of the self as a subject. I draw my theoretical framework from the spaces of intersection between diaspora and postcolonial theories, enabling me to explore the values of the African diaspora cross-culturally as manifested in the representational practices of these writers. This study creates an opening into recent discourses of the African diaspora by comparing texts in which the effects of history rooted in diaspora are explored, both in how this history cripples with the impact of trauma and how it empowers dynamic self-actualization and the resistance of the status quo. I argue that in these novels, challenging hegemonic historical narratives and bearing witness to the past are necessary for overcoming the isolating and disempowering effects of trauma, while affirming diasporic consciousness enhances the role of communal belonging and cultural memory in the process of self-actualization.
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Paterson, Helen M. Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Co-Witnesses and the effects of discussion on eyewitness memory." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20663.
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The research presented in this thesis was designed to investigate the effects of co-witness information on the accuracy and completeness of eyewitness memory. Co-witness information is defined as information that one eyewitness conveys to another about an event that they both observed. Very little research has focused on co-witness discussion, so the first two studies surveyed real eyewitnesses and police officers to determine how often witnesses discuss the event with one another. The results from these surveys suggested that co-witnesses commonly talk about the event with each other and this outcome provided a clear justification for studying the effects of co-witness discussion on memory. Previous research on co-witness discussion has reached inconsistent conclusions, and the possibility exists that these discrepancies are due to methodological differences. Therefore, this research aimed to determine whether co-witness discussion helps or hinders individual recall, and to investigate this within a closely defined methodological set. In a series of five experiments, participants were shown a crime video and then asked to discuss the video in groups (some of which received experimentally induced misinformation from a cowitness). Following the discussion, participants were asked to give their individual accounts of what happened. These experiments showed that exposure to postevent information from a co-witness can cause people to incorporate this information into their individual testimonies, regardless of the accuracy of the information. This phenomenon has become known as 'memory conformity'. Relevant theories were tested in order to contribute to knowledge regarding the causes of memory conformity. Furthermore, the experiments also aimed to establish whether it is possible to mediate any negative effects of co-witness discussion by employing our theoretical understanding of the causes of memory conformity. Five approaches were utilized in an attempt to reduce the negative effects of co-witness discussion: warnings about possible misinformation, source monitoring, free recall, confidence ratings, and 'remember/know judgments' (Tulving, 1985). Some evidence was found to suggest that when using 'remember/know judgments' it may be possible to distinguish 'real' memories from information obtained from a co-witness. These results are discussed in terms of theoretical and practical implications.
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Burris, Allen Wayne. "A critique of the Jehovah's Witnesses' teaching concerning future punishment." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.
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Jonas, Nina E. "The role of witnesses in the procedural law of Ḥudûd /". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64000.
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Holden, Andrew. "Millenarianism, risk and modernity : an ethnography of the Jehovah's Witnesses." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302365.
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Sattar, Ghazala Roohi. "The interviewing and preparation of child witnesses for legal purposes." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323288.
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The thesis focused on three areas in the child eyewitness literature that have received limited research attention: (1) the use of props to facilitate children's recall; (2) the effect of individual differences (in particular ethnicity) on children's recall; and (3) the preparation of children for court. Three recently developed prop-based techniques designed to facilitate children's recall were evaluated. The felt board technique did not significantly increase children correct (and erroneous) free recall, thus supporting the previous limited research (Poole, 1992). The auditory feedback technique also did not significantly increase children's correct (and erroneous) additional recall, though descriptive analyses suggested this technique to be most beneficial for older children. The pictorial cue cards technique did not significantly increase children's correct (and erroneous) free recall. Descriptive analyses revealed that children who were instructed in how to use the cue cards provided more correct free recall and less erroneous free recall than children who practised using the cue cards before the interview. Children'S ethnicity and interviewer's ethnicity were not found to significantly effect children's recall but did have some effect on children's response to questioning. The findings of the interview studies suggested that greater attention needs to be given to the examination of how individual differences affect children's recall. Professionals who were surveyed about their views and experience of preparation of child witnesses for court were found to be aware of the systeminduced trauma suffered by child witnesses and thus the need to support them with preparation. Overall, professionals' experience suggested that child witnesses received preparation that was often insufficient and variable in quality. The survey findings highlighted the need for further research in this neglected area and for better training and greater resources for professionals tasked with supporting child witnesses.
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Maccini, Robert Gordon. "Her testimony is true : women as witnesses according to John." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU059919.
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The Gospel of John records a cosmic lawsuit between God and the world with Jesus at the centre. Jesus, tried and condemned by worldly opponents, is retried before readers. John presents witnesses for Jesus, challenging readers to weigh their testimony and decide in Jesus' favour, that he is the Messiah. Among the witnesses, John presents several women. Since women in first-century Palestine were in most cases barred from giving juridical testimony, it might seem that John is undermining his purpose. Old Testament, pseudepigraphal, rabbinic, and apocryphal writings demonstrate that the exclusion of women from testifying was based on technical grounds and no inherent incompetence, although many felt that women were unreliable to witness. Further, women's exclusion was not comprehensive, and they could give juridical evidence in certain situations. Women also had a longstanding history of competence and leadership in religious testimony: prophecies, prayers, songs, confessions, oaths, and vows. The women whom John presents are Jesus' mother, the Samaritan, Martha and Mary, the women at the cross, Mary Magdalene, the mother of the blind man, and Annas' doorkeeper (the story of the adulterous woman is a later addition to John's Gospel). These women offer convincing, tentative, or no testimony, depending upon the situation. In no case does any one of these women offer a testimony that breaches the laws and customs governing women's capacities as witnesses. Thus, John's readers would be able to evaluate the testimony of the women no differently than that of the men. Narratologically, the women function as individuals, and John does not have any interest in or treat them as a gender class. Historically, because the women's testimonies fall within the legal, religious, and social bounds of Jesus' culture, John gains credibility as an historian, albeit one whose Gospel has a persuasive purpose and rhetorical cast.
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Tudor-Owen, Jane. "Written plans and self-evaluations in investigative interviews with witnesses." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1789.
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The PEACE model of investigative interviewing (Preparation and planning; Engage and explain; Account, clarification, and challenge [Account]; Closure; and Evaluation), has been in operation internationally since the early 1990s when it was introduced in England and Wales. The model is in operation in a number of Australian jurisdictions, including Western Australia (WA), where it was formally incorporated into interview training in 2009. While there have been a number of evaluations of the PEACE model, they have predominantly focused on the interview stages of the model; that is, Engage and explain, Account, and Closure. By comparison, the Preparation and planning and Evaluation stages of the interview process have been neglected. Further, the majority of research has originated in the United Kingdom, with limited international research specifically concerning the PEACE model, rather than interviewing generally. In addition to there being limited research in an Australian context, most research published to date has examined the interviewing of trained police officers. As such, there is a need for research examining the Preparation and planning and Evaluation stages of the PEACE model in an Australian context, with a focus on less experienced police officers.
In the present research, a sample of 37 police recruits (recruits) from the WA Police Academy conducted interviews with witnesses of mock crimes on four occasions during their 26-week recruit training. The first interview was conducted in the second week of recruits’ training; the second interview was conducted following legal and procedural training; the third interview was conducted following interview training; and the final interview was conducted at the conclusion of recruits’ training. On each occasion, recruits were provided with ten minutes to prepare for the interview and given pens and paper to formulate written plans if desired. Following this time of preparation, recruits were shown into interview rooms and conducted interviews with witnesses who had viewed a film depicting a mock crime. Recruits and witnesses completed written evaluations following each interview. The aim of the present research was to examine the interviewing practices of recruits and how these change following specific points in their training at the WA Police Academy. To address the paucity of research on the Preparation and planning and Evaluation stages of the PEACE model, the focus of the present research was to examine these stages in detail. The research presented in this thesis provides an understanding of the content of recruits’ written plans, interviews, and self-evaluations in the context of interviews with witnesses, in addition to understanding how these change following specific points in training. Further, the research provides insight into the impact of plans on interviews, and the impact of self-evaluations on plans and interviews. The first empirical chapter examines recruits’ plans; the second empirical chapter examines the impact of plans on interviews; and the third empirical chapter examines the impact of self-evaluations on plans and interviews.
Findings from the research indicate recruits emphasise the aspects of the interview relating to the account from the witness in their plans and interviews, but that this emphasis diminishes following specific points in training. With regard to the impact of plans on interviews, findings suggest recruits actively cover a high proportion of planned items in interviews and show a positive correlation between planned and covered items in the Engage and explain stage of the interview. Further, following interview training, there are a number of key interview components that are more likely to be covered in interviews when included in plans. These components generally relate to procedural instructions, or those components less obvious or intuitive to the recruit. Recruits were found to include small numbers of items in self-evaluations when asked how they would conduct their interview differently, and these most often related to questioning, procedural, or structural aspects of the interview. Findings showed recruits’ self-evaluations resulted in limited changes in interviewing practices.
The implications of these findings largely relate to the training of recruits. While the impact of plans appeared more substantive than that of self-evaluations, it is suggested that the impact of these practices may be increased if recruits are trained specifically with regard to the use of plans and what to include in them, and how to reflect on their performance and implement feedback. While the PEACE model encourages planning and evaluating by virtue of the inclusion of the Preparation and planning and Evaluation stages, it does not appear recruits are proficient in either practice, and therefore the efficacy of those practices in their present state may be limited.
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Cutshall, Judith Lynne. "Eyewitness’ characteristics and memory : an in situ analysis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25372.
Full textAbstract:
An extensive review of eyewitness testimony research reveals that (1) research findings are inconsistent in their assessments of the fallibility of eyewitness memory and in their attempts to delineate the factors which affect eyewitness' memory; (2) the criminal justice system questions the validity of generalizing these research findings to real-world eyewitnessing situations. It is suggested in this thesis that researchers' over-reliance on experimental methodology has led to a confused image of eyewitness' memory which is of questionable relevance to actual eyewitness situations.
A non-experimental examination of real-world eyewitnesses is therefore proposed as a first step toward collecting meaningful data relating to eyewitness memory. Two types of non-experimental research are presented in this thesis: archival research and a case study of eyewitnesses to a violent crime. The archival research, which was drawn from R.C.M. Police files, was designed as a means of gathering baseline data concerning actual eyewitnesses, for example, their gender and age and how often they are also victims of crime. The case study involved interviewing thirteen witnesses, all of whom had witnessed the same gunshooting incident. Witnesses were questioned by police at the time of the incident and interviewed by our research team four to five months later. Both statements were analyzed for the number and type of details reported and the accuracy of those details. Higher accuracy rates than those reported in the experimental literature were found in the witnesses' statements both at the time of the incident and several months later.
Although the data base established in these studies is insufficient to judge the validity or invalidity of prior eyewitness research, it does appear that experimental research has not appropriately assessed eyewitnessing ability in regard to witnessing a striking, violent real-world event. The generalizability of experimental research to this type of event is therefore highly suspect. It is concluded that the combination of archival and field research will yield the data base needed for developing an understanding of the behaviour of actual eyewitnesses.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Psychology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Waack, Bridget M. "Post event misinformation effect, source strength, and eyewitness memory conformity." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1407496841&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Oliver, Judith. "Children as witnesses : age as a factor in determining children's competence in criminal courts following disclosures of sexual abuse /." [St Lucia, Qld.], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16126.pdf.
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Gawrylowicz, Julie. "The construction of facial composites by witnesses with mild learning disabilities." Thesis, Abertay University, 2010. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/4821765e-ab7f-480f-a0e1-65c9291bbc50.
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In a criminal investigation, witnesses may get asked by the police to provide a perpetrator’s description or to generate a composite image of the perpetrator’s face. Due to their elevated vulnerability to victimisation people with a learning disability (LD) may be more likely than other members of the wider community to find themselves in such situations. Research regarding face recognition and description abilities of this group has been to some extent neglected in the eyewitness research literature. Consequently, guidance for practitioners on how to effectively generate facial composite images with LD witnesses is limited. The current research addresses this issue, by investigating basic and applied face recognition and description abilities in individuals with mild learning disabilities (mLD) during a series of experimental studies. Moreover, potential facilitating measures are introduced and assessed. Five studies were conducted during the course of this thesis. In the first study a survey was designed to collect information on currently used composite systems by UK law enforcement agencies and how operators perceive and treat witnesses with LD. The survey findings confirmed the initial assumption that individuals with LD may indeed find themselves in the situation of having to describe a perpetrator’s face to an investigative officer. Furthermore, the results emphasised the lack of guidance available to operators on how to best meet the special needs of this particular witness population. Study 2 investigated basic face recognition and description abilities in people with mLD and revealed that overall they performed at a lower level than the non-LD controls. Despite this finding, mLD individuals as a group performed above chance levels and they displayed variability in performance depending on the introduced measures. iv Studies 3 and 5 investigated these abilities in a more applied setting, namely during the construction of facial composites with contemporary facial composite systems. Study 3 revealed that composites generated with the E-FIT system, a featural system, were considerably poorer than those created by their non-LD counterparts. Studies 4 and 5 attempted to improve mLD individuals’ performance by applying visual prompts and by using a more holistic facial composite system, i.e. EvoFIT. There was little evidence of the former being advantageous for witnesses with mLD, however, EvoFIT significantly enhanced composite construction abilities in the mLD participants. Finally, the practical and theoretical implications of the main findings are discussed.
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Ibrahim, Ahmad Muhammad Ibrahim. "The testimony of witnesses and its role in Islamic criminal jurisprudence." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26632.
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This study is mainly intended to debate the all-important principles of criminal trials involving testimony of witnesses. Since Islamic procedural and substantive criminal doctrines are inextricably linked, it is necessary to make a general survey of the penal policy of Islamic jurisprudence, before the treatment of the testimony of witnesses. This necessitated dividing the study into two parts. Part I deals with the criminal policy, classification and definition of crimes. The category of crimes has been examined in detail because it is the class of a given crime that determines the grade and kind of testimony required for its proof before the courts. Part II tackles the general theory of evidence and concentrates primarily on the testimony of witnesses as a judicial vehicle of evidence in criminal trials. The importance of this vehicle entails treating it in eight chapters which are meant to give a comprehensive idea of how the early Islamic jurist tackled and systematized this crucial segment of the jurisprudence. This examination reveals the amount of care Islamic jurists went to in the theoretical approach in order to ensure that a defendant should not be subjected to any abuse of the law. The conclusion brings together the two parts of the study and suggests possible means for further development along the lines of the principles examined in the dissertation.
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Baran, Emily B. Raleigh Donald J. "Contested victims Jehovah's Witnesses and the Russian Orthodox Church, 1990-2004 /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,90.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). ".. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History." Discipline: History; Department/School: History.
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Thompson, Robert Mac. "Mirrors and witnesses: Gabrielle Roy, Margaret Atwood, and Le Deuxième Sexe." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/2495.
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An intertexual, cross-cultural study of the Canadian woman's experience from
the Second War and Post-War era through examination of the existential crisis of the feminine
situation as addressed by the fiction of Mme. Gabrielle Roy (Bonheur d'occasion, 1945, and Rue
Deschambault, 1955), and Ms. Margaret Atwood (Cat's Eye, 1985), considered in relation to Le
Deuxième Sexe, (1949) by Mme. Simone de Beauvoir.<br>Thesis (M.A.) -- Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of English
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Nikkel, Joel David. "Expert witnesses : why the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada selects legal mobilization." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28196.
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Two recent areas of controversy include the "legalization" and the "evangelical-ization" of Canadian politics. The paper connects these two areas of controversy by examining why Canada’s largest evangelical interest group, the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada (EFC), has emerged as a frequent intervener in Canada's courts. In order to answer this question, the paper combines an analysis of the interveners at the Supreme Court 1985-2009 with a descriptive analysis of the EFC’s selection of legal mobilization that relies upon elite interviews, EFC publications, and public documents. The paper then tests the dominant explanations for interest group legal engagement (articulated as four hypotheses) against the EFC's experience. The paper shows that the EFC's selection of judicial engagement is not determined by their legal resources, the opening of political opportunities, or normative commitments to judicial review; but rather, by an “awakening” to the increased salience of the courts as a policy arena. Because of the EFC's ambivalence regarding the normative place of the judiciary in Canadian political life, I term their attitude "judicial realism". As a result of this perception, the EFC adds legal engagement to their other lobbying strategies. In order to be where important decisions are made, the EFC mobilizes in the courts. Because of this attitude towards judicial power, the evidence suggests that the EFC will continue to select legal engagement regardless of any advantages they may accrue in other lobbying arenas.
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Blackwell, Young Julie Anne. "Factors affecting the performance of witnesses and jurors in the courtroom." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273941.
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Ellis, Jacqueline. "Silent witnesses : representations of working-class women in America, 1933-1945." Thesis, University of Hull, 1995. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:12911.
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Tolksdorf, Franziska. "The competence of the International Criminal Court with regard to witnesses." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4441.
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Magister Legum - LLM<br>This research paper examines whether the International Criminal Court has the competence to compel the appearance of witnesses before it, and if the States Parties to the Rome Statute have an obligation to serve and enforce a witness summons issued by the Court. In December 2013 the Office of the Prosecutor requested the International Criminal Court to summon witnesses and ascribed to the Court the power to order some States Parties to enforce witness summonses. The defence counsel in the particular case and the Kenyan government, the requested State Party, opposed the request. In April 2014 Trial Chamber V (A) of the International Criminal Court delivered a decision on that matter in which it found that it had indeed the power to compel witnesses and to order Kenya to enforce the summonses. The decision was confirmed on appeal in October 2014. This paper analyses the issue with reference to the decision of the Trial Chamber, the judgement of the Appeals Chamber, and the assertions by the parties in the present case. It also introduces other approaches on how to deal with this issue. The paper essentially analyses the text of the Rome Statute, the history of its drafting, and compares the enabling laws and jurisdictional competence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and the Special Court for Sierra Leone with regard to the theme under discussion. The paper furthermore analyses how the domestic laws of some states deal with the matter. Finally it examines the measures that the ICC can implement to enforce its orders.