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Journal articles on the topic 'Wobe language'
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Egner, Inge. "The role of topos in the use of a Wobe particle." Argumentation 3, no. 3 (August 1989): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00128941.
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Raj, Salisu Mohammed, and Adewole A. Alagbe. "Contextualizing Morphosyntactic Features in Wole Soyinka’s Ake-the Years of Childhood." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.5.18.
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The term ‘morpho-syntax’ has a dual meaning because it is a combination of both morphology and syntax. These two are language components that a stylistician can adopt in any write-up. This act by a stylistician is what brings about the uniqueness of a write-up which is based on individual’s use of language. It is also termed the morphology of linguistics adopted by a writer to achieve communicative effectiveness. Wole Soyinka’s language is said to be complex to most readers, possibly due to the morpho-syntactic features inherent in his text. Thus, the thrust of this paper is to identify the morpho-syntactic features and to discover the reason for the complexity of Wole Soyinka’s language in his book titled: Ake- The Years of Childhood. Using the functional stylistics as our model of analysis, we examined factors that are obviously and silently responsible for his complexity of languages, such as code-mixing, direct translation from Yoruba into English, a single word or sentence having several interpretations, coinages and his sentence structures. From our analysis, we discovered that the factors mentioned above are actually responsible for the complexity of Soyinka’s language and truly his use of language stands as a barrier to general readers comprehending most of his works.
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Malicki, Jarosław. "Zapisy toponimicznych poloników i bohemików wobec zagadnienia powstania i rozwoju polsko-czeskiej granicy językowej w średniowieczu." Onomastica Slavogermanica 31 (April 10, 2020): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0474-1471.31.3.
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An analysis of the material presented in the article (geographical names, hydronyms, oronyms as well as anthroponyms) makes it possible to draw geolinguistic, onomastic and historical-linguistic conclusions concerning the Polish-Bohemian language borderland (between Silesia, Moravia and Bohemia) in the Middle Ages and to establish the areas in which the two languages could influence each other. In the 12th century, Silesia was strongly linked linguistically to the other provinces of former Poland. In the 13th century, direct contact between the Polish and Czech languages occurred in an area from Ostravice to Prudnik. In the 13th and 14th centuries contacts between the two languages in the area overlapped with German–Polish and German–Bohemian contacts. This resulted in changes of names, mixed names, spread of new naming models. Part of the language area of the Polish-Bohemian borderland became a German-speaking area. This determined the local nature of the Polish-Czech or Polish-Bohemian linguistic neighbourhood.
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Kita, Małgorzata. "Linguists Towards Language Studies in the Internet." Artes Humanae 1 (May 24, 2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/arte.2016.1.0.111.
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Bing, Janet Mueller. "Color terms and lexical classes in Krahn Wobe." Studies in African Linguistics 22, no. 3 (December 1, 1991): 277–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v22i3.107419.
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Many West African languages lack a separate category of adjectives; Krahn and Wore are also said to lack this lexical class. However, an examination of color terms in the Gborbo dialect of Liberian Krahn reveals a class of words which are neither nouns or verbs After describing the syntactic behavior of nouns and verbs and color nouns and verbs, it is shown that a third class of color words must be considered adjectives. The data supports proposals by Givon and Dixon that, universally, lexical categories are semantically based.
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Lankiewicz, Hadrian. "Zmienna norma pedagogiczna a postawy ucznia wobec nauki języka obcego." Neofilolog, no. 48/2 (June 15, 2017): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2017.48.2.02.
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Referring to critical ecological language awareness (Lankiewicz, 2015), autonomy in language learning (Benson, 2011) as well as the non-fixity of the linguistic code manifested by sociocultural and ecological studies (Harris, 1981; Otsuji and Pennycook, 2010), I put forth the need of applying the idea of a variable pedagogical norm, as postulated by Valdman (1989; 1992). The principal objective of the article is to present research elucidating the fact that the use of classroom activities respecting the pedagogical variable norm may contribute to the raising of students’ language awareness in respect to social and cultural linguistic diversity. Ultimately, this new awareness may contribute to the shift of attitudes towards language learning. The application of the variable pedagogical norm is indicative of critical language awareness of the teacher and helps develop a similar equivalent among students. Concluding, I dare say that developing autonomy in language learning seems impossible without the application of the pedagogical variable norm.
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Kasper, Gabriele. "PAPERS ON LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, LANGUAGE LEARNING AND LANGUAGE TEACHING. Henning Wode (Ed.). Heidelberg: Julius Groos, 1983. Pp. 223." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 9, no. 1 (February 1987): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100006598.
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Bonda, Moreno, and Jurgita Macijauskaitė-Bonda. "Identity and Multilingualism. An Anthropological Reading of the Representation of Alterity in Literary Katabasis." Sustainable Multilingualism 12, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 36–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2018-0002.
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Summary In a global and multilingual society, indubitable is the importance of a reflection on the Self and the Other as defined by language. This interdisciplinary study aims at investigating, the narrative reinvention of the theoretical principles involved in the definition of the anthropological identity as expounded by Francesco Remotti. Specifically, we analyse a centenary trend in European literature identifying a peculiar form of multilingualism with the non-human and the lack of identity. From Dante’s Inferno to Joyce’s The cat and the Devil, the netherworld, its inhabitants and captives are characterized by the use of several (usually not intelligible) languages. According to this literary cliché, while the clarity and precision of a single language contributes to define a human identity, the plurality of languages is often a sign of a lost identity and of not being human anymore. It is not by chance that the verses of Dante ‘There sighs and wails and piercing cries of woe/ […] Strange languages, and frightful forms of speech,/ words caused by pain, accents of anger, voices/ both loud and faint’ are echoed in Primo Levi’s If This Is a Man. Multilingualism is the central point in Levi’s memories from the time spent in a concentration camp where ‘languages absolutely not understandable [...], the orders shouted in languages [we] were not able to recognize’ and the ‘endless Babel where everyone is shouting’ symbolize the lost human condition. Both the damned souls and the prisoners of the camp are not human anymore because they have lost their language and, with it, their identity. In our study, the comparative and hermeneutic analysis of the narrative and lexical choices adopted to represent multilingualism in European literature reveals a strong connection between human identity and the purity of language intended as a manifestation of human rationality. On the contrary, a number of recurrent diegetic choices and figures of speech seem to define the non-human as a multilingual world characterized by sighs, wails and strange languages, like the Bellsybable of Joyce’s devil.
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Smółkowa, Teresa. "Języki zachodniosłowiańskie wobec pożyczek angielskich w ostatnim dwudziestoleciu – gramatyka, leksyka, pragmatyka, uwarunkowania społeczno-kulturowe." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 50 (December 31, 2015): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2015.013.
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West Slavic languages and English loanwords in the last two decades – an overview of grammar, lexicon, pragmatics and the socio-cultural contexThe recent decades, as is generally acknowledged, have been a period of profound changes in Central and Eastern Europe. These changes are reflected in the lexicon. Nominative needs have caused a remarkable vocabulary growth, with loanwords constituting a numerous and still growing group. The main research goal of the authors of the monograph project introduced in this article is to look into the influence of the English language upon West Slavic languages. The effect of Anglicisms on the phonetic, morphological and lexical subsystems will be subject to an in-depth examination. Of particular importance will be the adaptative processes affecting these loanwords in Czech, Polish and Slovak. The authors will also take into account the pragmatic aspect of borrowings as well as their functioning in the social and cultural context. This contrastive approach will make it possible to indicate similarities and differences in the process of assimilating English borrowings into West Slavic languages. Języki zachodniosłowiańskie wobec pożyczek angielskich w ostatnim dwudziestoleciu – gramatyka, leksyka, pragmatyka, uwarunkowania społeczno-kulturoweArtykuł jest poświęcony omówieniu planowanej monografii na temat nowszych i najnowszych pożyczek angielskich w językach: czeskim, polskim i słowackim. Ostatnie dziesięciolecia były, jak wiadomo, okresem zasadniczych zmian w Europie środkowo-wschodniej. Zmiany te odzwierciedla leksyka. Potrzeby nominatywne spowodowały ilościowy wzrost słownictwa, w którym odrębną grupę – liczną i ciągle rosnącą – stanowią pożyczki. Zasadniczym celem badaw czym autorów monografii jest odpowiedź na pytanie, jaki jest wpływ języka angielskiego na języki zachodniosłowiańskie. Przedmiotem szczegółowych rozważań będzie oddziaływanie anglicyzmów na podsystemy fonetyczny, morfologiczny, leksykalny. Za ważne uznaje się zwłaszcza prześledzenie procesów adaptacyjnych tych pożyczek w języku czeskim, polskim i słowackim. Autorzy uwzględnią także aspekt pragmatyczny zapożyczeń oraz ich funkcjonowanie w kontekście społecznym i kulturowym. Ujęcie konfrontatywne umożliwi wskazanie podobieństw lub różnic w procesie przyswajania przez języki zachodniosłowiańskie pożyczek angielskich.
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Spychała-Wawrzyniak, Małgorzata. "PROBLEMATYKA BADAŃ DOTYCZĄCYCH POSTAW WOBEC UCZENIA SIĘ JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH NA PRZYKŁADZIE JĘZYKA HISZPAŃSKIEGO." Neofilolog, no. 55/2 (December 31, 2020): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2020.55.2.4.
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Attitudes, including beliefs, values, and motivation are within the scope of interest of numerous fields of study such as psychology, philosophy, sociology, and anthropology. In psychology, attitudes related to affective, cognitive and, in particular, behavioral reactions are studied. It is believed that attitudes do not only affect the behavior of the individual, but also their ways of evaluating specific actions. At the same time, empirical research in this area is extremely problematic and conditioned by many individual differences (e.g. age, gender, place of residence, personality traits, etc.). On the other hand, in glottodidactics, the common trend in this type of research is analysis of students' attitudes (including motivation) towards a foreign language and its culture(s). The purpose of the article is to briefly present the methodology of research on attitudes towards learning different languages. First, we review the concepts of attitudes, beliefs, values, and motivation from a psychological and didactic perspective. We also focus our attention on the types of attitude measurement used (which include motivation). Finally, we present some results of research conducted for the first time in Poland in the field of attitudes and motivation of secondary school students towards learning Spanish.
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Spychała-Wawrzyniak, Małgorzata. "PROBLEMATYKA BADAŃ DOTYCZĄCYCH POSTAW WOBEC UCZENIA SIĘ JĘZYKÓW OBCYCH NA PRZYKŁADZIE JĘZYKA HISZPAŃSKIEGO." Neofilolog, no. 55/2 (December 31, 2020): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2020.55.2.4.
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Attitudes, including beliefs, values, and motivation are within the scope of interest of numerous fields of study such as psychology, philosophy, sociology, and anthropology. In psychology, attitudes related to affective, cognitive and, in particular, behavioral reactions are studied. It is believed that attitudes do not only affect the behavior of the individual, but also their ways of evaluating specific actions. At the same time, empirical research in this area is extremely problematic and conditioned by many individual differences (e.g. age, gender, place of residence, personality traits, etc.). On the other hand, in glottodidactics, the common trend in this type of research is analysis of students' attitudes (including motivation) towards a foreign language and its culture(s). The purpose of the article is to briefly present the methodology of research on attitudes towards learning different languages. First, we review the concepts of attitudes, beliefs, values, and motivation from a psychological and didactic perspective. We also focus our attention on the types of attitude measurement used (which include motivation). Finally, we present some results of research conducted for the first time in Poland in the field of attitudes and motivation of secondary school students towards learning Spanish.
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Żelazny, Walter. "Wspólnoty Europejskie wobec problemów językowych." Language Problems and Language Planning 27, no. 1 (February 25, 2003): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.27.1.03zel.
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Rok 2001 został proklamowany przez Radę Europy, a następnie przez Unię Europejskþ Rokiem Języków, głównie celem uhonorowania europejskich języków mniejszościowych. Na tę okazję Komisja Unii Europejskiej przedstawiła raport Les Européens et les langues. Raport został opracowany w sposób rutynowy, podobnie jak cała seria podobnego typu raportów i opracowań dot. opinii Europejczyków na najróżniejsze tematy. Dowiadujemy się z niego, że Europejczycy posługujþ się jako pierwszym językiem obcym angielskim (41%), następnie francuskim (19%) oraz niemieckim (10%). Niestety, omawiany raport zawiera mnóstwo błę dów rzeczowych i metodologicznych oraz absurdalnych konkluzji. Najważniejsze dotyczþcþ definicji języka ojczystego i takich niedorzeczności jak konstatacja, że języki ojczyste sþ najczęś ciej językami narodowymi. Raport nie wymienia wśród języków ojczystych katalońskiego, którym posługuje się w Europie więcej lokutorów niż irlandzkim, luksemburskim i duńskim, wziętymi razem. Dowiadujemy się, że 11,6% Europejczyków posługuje się swym pierwszym obcym wyuczonym językiem, a 3,2% drugim obcym wyuczonym językiem do kontaktów z własnymi rodzinami. Skþd coś podobnego pojawia się w owym raporcie, jeśli wiemy, że zaledwie 2% Europejczyków zmieniło swoje miejsce zamieszkania przenoszþc się ze swego państwa? Tymi “obcymi” językami sþ arabski i turecki, dla których w raporcie nie znajdujemy definicji. Nie wiemy, czy sþ one traktowane jako języki europejskie, czy jako języki Europejczyków. W ankietach pojawiajþ się sugerujþce odpowiedź pytania, jak na przykład, czy angielski winien być powszechnym środkiem komunikacji w Europie? Szczytem głupoty i rasizmu jest pytanie: czy uważa Pan/Pani, że musimy wziþć w obronę nasze języki przed językami nowych krajów członkowskich. Można postawić pytanie co do sensowności opracowania i publikacji tego raportu, a co za tym idzie co do sensowności wydawania pokaźnych sum na tego typu opracowania, skoro raport nie wnosi nic ponad to, co już wiemy o sytuacji jêzykowej Europy, nie mówiþc o braku jego objektywności i o absurdalnych konkluzjach.
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Piechota, Dariusz. "Rehabilitacja starości. Glottogeragogika jako wyzwanie wobec ageizmu." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio N – Educatio Nova, no. 5 (December 31, 2020): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/en.2020.5.441-452.
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The article is devoted to analysing and interpreting seniors as a new group of active students who learn foreign languages. Changes in the social structure confirm the thesis of sociologists that the 21<sup>st</sup> century will be the period of emancipation of seniors. Active nestors in the public space will become not only depositaries of history, culture and tradition, but also take an important voice in intergenerational discussion, breaking negative stereotypes shaping the attitude of ageism. The involvement and interest of modern seniors in the course of classes organized by Third Age Universities prove that they are able to use the life opportunities offered by the retirement period. Therefore, the challenge for contemporary glottogeragogues is to develop programs, textbooks and teaching aids for learning foreign languages, taking into account the needs and interests of seniors.
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Karas, Marcin. "Apologetyka Teodoreta z Cyru wobec filozofii Platona." Vox Patrum 40 (March 15, 2002): 317–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.7987.
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The considerations allow us to say that ancient literature (even in philosophical sphere) was important for the Church writers not only by its rhetorical function, but also by the historical one to give a full and complete view of ancient culture as well as various myths and superstitions accepted by well educated pagan groups of the late Roman Empire. The discussed questions should be more particularly analyzed using Greek-language editions and modem historical literature. The works of Theodoret can also answer other questions raised by historians.
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Weber, Silja. "Performing a conference: SCENARIO Forum 2014." Scenario: A Journal of Performative Teaching, Learning, Research VIII, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/scenario.8.2.13.
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"Finally a place where I don't have to explain the basics of what I do. Now we can get to the interesting questions!" was one common tenor in the many fascinating conversations I found myself having at the SCENARIO Forum conference. In various different keys, this sentiment wove through the papers, presentations, and workshops by applied theatre practitioners, performance artists, foreign language teachers/researchers representing a spectrum of languages and age groups from preschool to university, drama teachers, researchers from areas like second language studies, neuroscience, and cultural and literary theory, education specialists, and various hybrids of those categories. The SCENARIO Forum International Conference on Performative Teaching, Learning, and Research was held May 29-June 1, 2014, on the campus of University College Cork (UCC), Ireland. It was, in a way, the live manifestation of the work of Manfred Schewe (UCC) and Susanne Even (Indiana University Bloomington, IN, USA), who co-founded the online journal SCENARIO1 in 2007 and have co-edited it ever since. The focus of the journal is the use of drama and theatre in additional language teaching and it has cultivated a diversity of perspectives and genres since its inception, not least by being bilingual (German/English). It is the only ...
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Shamsi, Marzieh, Sohila Faghfori, and Seyed Ali Booryazadeh. "Ritual/Carnival Performance in Wole Soyinka’s The Road." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 5, no. 9 (September 20, 2015): 1935. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0509.24.
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Osakwe, Mabel I. "Wole Soyinka's Poetry as Bilingual's Creativity." World Englishes 18, no. 1 (March 1999): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-971x.00122.
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Gawełko, Marek. "Polszczyzna wobec tendencji języków indoeuropejskich do szyku progresywnego (człon nadrzędny → człon podrzędny)." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 45 (September 25, 2015): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2010.002.
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Polish against the tendency of changing word-order in indo-European languages (left-branching shift to right-branching)One of the evolutive tendencies in indo-European languages is the gradual shift toward right-branching constructions (the head precedes the modifier). The right-branching has begun to dominate in the Romance languages; but not in Latin and not in Polish. However, these languages show this tendency, too; Latin in a lesser degree than Polish. Despite the innovations, Latin still displayed a considerable number of left-branching constructions, which it inherited from the protolanguage. Its specificity is that the basic construction (OV) is archaic, but some others, such as NG, Vmod Inf, N, Rel, NA are innovations. The majority of archaic constructions used in Latin are also acceptable in Polish, but they are much more rare.Contrary to the Romance languages, Polish 1) uses sometimes archaic constructions, and 2) its right-branching constructions are relatively rare.
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Goczał, Ewa. "Odnajdując „wspólny język ognia”: Jerzy Ficowski wobec mistycyzmu żydowskiego (prolegomena)." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 16 (December 11, 2017): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.16.9.
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Finding the “common language of fire”: Jerzy Ficowski on Jewish mysticism (prolegomena) This article is an attempt to outline the relationship between the work of Jerzy Ficowski and the Jewish mystical thought that was brought in this paper to a kabbalistic element – a synthesis of components considered basic for two great currents of the non-orthodox Judaism: Kabbalah and Hasidism. At the level of content they consist of the motifs of the Book, Word and Letter, Angels and Light, the messianic topos of the Just, cosmogonic and eschatological myths, as well as specific, non-linear recognition of time – which are strongly present in the poetry of the author of the Regions of the Great Heresy. At the level of structure there are noticeable the emanation model and the duality of language and imagination, of matter and spirituality – diametrically different elements, yet gravitating toward the ultimate unity. The text, containing references to translation and “Schulzian” output of Jerzy Ficowski, is focused on his poetry and is an introduction to its aspectual monograph.Key words: contemporary Polish poetry; Jerzy Ficowski; Jewish mysticism; Kabbalah; Hasidism;
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Jokiel, Małgorzata. "Norma i uzus w dydaktyce przekładu specjalistycznego wobec oczekiwań rynku pracy." Investigationes Linguisticae 39 (May 31, 2019): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/il.2018.39.5.
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The author focuses on issues related to university teaching of interpretation and translation: consecutive interpretation and sight translation in respect of a specialist language, in particular the economic one. The starting point for further considerations is the presentation of the characteristics of the above-mentioned specialist language and the question regarding the role and importance of specialist knowledge and quality criteria in the process of interpretation and translation teaching. From the viewpoint of author’s own teaching and practical experience, an attempt is made to diversify priorities, goals and methodological approaches in relation to the above-mentioned forms of interpretation and translation. Market requirements and expectations of potential employers, resulting from job advertisements, become of a particular importance in this context, as they need to be taken into consideration in order to optimize teaching of interpretation and translation.
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Kamusella, Tomasz. "The History of the Normative Opposition of “Language versus Dialect”: From Its Graeco-Latin Origin to Central Europe’s Ethnolinguistic Nation-States." Colloquia Humanistica, no. 5 (December 17, 2016): 164–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/ch.2016.011.
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The History of the Normative Opposition of “Language versus Dialect”: From Its Graeco-Latin Origin to Central Europe’s Ethnolinguistic Nation-StatesThe concept of “a language” (Einzelsprache, that is, one of many extant languages) and its opposition to “dialect” (considered as a “non-language,” and thus subjugable to an already recognized language merely as “its” dialect) is the way people tend to think about languages in the West today. It appears to be a value-free, self-evident conception of the linguistic position. So much so that the concept of “language” was included neither in Immanuel Kant’s system of categories, nor in the authoritative Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe: Historisches Lexikon zur politisch sozialen Sprache in Deutschland. This paper sketches the rise of the “dialect vs language” opposition in classical Greek, its transposition onto classical Latin, and its transfer, through medieval and renaissance Latin, to the early modern period. On the way, the Greek and Latin terms for “language” (and also for “dialect”) sometimes functioned as synonyms for peoples (that is, ethnic groups), which – importantly – contributed to the rise of the normative equation of language with nation in the early nineteenth century. It was the beginning of the ethnolinguistic kind of nationalism that prevails to this day in Central Europe. Dzieje normatywnej dychotomii języka i dialektu: Od greko-łacińskich źródeł po państwa etnicznojęzykowe Europy ŚrodkowejPojęcie języka jako jednego z wielu (Einzelsprache) stawiane w diametralnej opozycji do „dialektu” (czyli „nie-języka”, który normatywnie musi zostać przyporządkowany jakiemuś już wcześniej uznanemu językowi jako jeden z jego dialektów) stanowi formę pojęciową, poprzez pryzmat której postrzega się języki i dyskutuje o nich we współczesnym świecie Zachodu. Z powodu powszechnego uznania owa forma pojęciowa wydaje się tak oczywista i wolna od nacechowania ideologicznego, że Immanuel Kant nie uwzględnił języka w zaproponowanym przez siebie systemie kategorii filozoficznych, podobnie jak i autorzy niezmiernie wpływowego dzieła z zakresu historiografii i socjologii politycznej o znamiennym tytule Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe: Historisches Lexikon zur politisch sozialen Sprache in Deutschland. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiam wyłonienie się opozycji języka wobec dialektu w starożytnej grece oraz jego recepcję na gruncie łaciny od starożytności rzymskiej po okres nowożytny. W ciągu wieków utarło się używanie greckich i łacińskich terminów w odniesieniu do „języka” jako synonimów na określenie ludów (czy też grup etnicznych), co we wczesnym XIX stuleciu silnie wpłynęło na wykształcenie się normatywnego zrównania języka z narodem. Stanowiło to początek fenomenu znanego pod nazwą „nacjonalizmu etnicznojęzykowego”, który na poziomie państw dominuje po dziś dzień w całej Europie Środkowej.
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Kihara, Makiko. "Waśnie martyrologiczne Wielkiej Emigracji. Demokraci wobec Mickiewicza." Prace Literackie 58 (April 28, 2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0079-4767.58.5.
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Today, the martyrological discourse is one of the most conspicuous traditions of Polish Romanti-cism. When searching for the genesis of this discourse, one cannot overestimate the importance of the literary and political activities of Adam Mickiewicz from the autumn of 1832 to the middle of 1833. However, little is known about the problem of the resonance of Mickiewicz’s martyrological language and about how this discourse functioned in various texts of the Great Emigration. This paper attempts to answer those questions in reference to left-leaning texts of Komitet Narodowy Polski (KNP) and To-warzystwo Demokratyczne Polskie (TDP) from the 1830s. A study of the writings of KNP has led the author to the conclusion that they represent a common martyrological code of the emigration’s logo-sphere, while the TDP publications constitute an interesting variation of the martyrological collective imagination. The original character of the martyrological expression of the democrats stems from their views on the role of the people in regaining independence. On the other hand, certain common traits existed between TDP and Mickiewicz, which demonstrates that democrats modified the martyrological framework as a national narrative established by Mickiewicz.
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Djité, Paulin G. "Correcting Errors in Language Classification." Language Problems and Language Planning 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.12.1.01dji.
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SOMMAIRE Corriger des erreurs dans la classification langagière: Noyau monolingue et satellites multilingues Cet article présente un exemple de division langagière arbitraire (Guéré/Wo-bé), et montre pourquoi il est possible de soutenir qu'il existe en Côte d'Ivoire des noyaux monolingues et des dialectes périphériques. La nomenclature des langues en Côte dlvoire et en Afrique exagère la diversité linguistique et donne une fausse impression de désunion des populations. Cet article propose l'intégration des données sociolinguistiques, telles que les attitudes langagières, dans les méthodes d'analyse de la classification langagière et prétend que cette nouvelle approche aura des implications importantes pour la planification langagière et les politiques de langues en Côte d'Ivoire et en Afrique. RESUMO Korekti erarojn en lingvo-klasifado: Unulingvaj nukleoj kaj multlingvaj satelitoj Tiu ci artikolo priskribas kazon de arbitraj lingvolimoj (Guéré kontraǔ Wobé), kaj montras kiel oni povas argumenti, ke troviĝas en Ebura Bordo unulingva nukleo kun multlingvaj satelitoj. Konstatoj pri la nombro de lingvoj en Ebura Bordo kaj en Afriko generale emas troigi la lingvan diversecon kaj donas impreson pri disdivideco de la enloĝantaro esence faisan. La artikolo proponas integrigon de donitaĵoj pri lingvosinteno (memraportaĵoj) en analizajn metodojn de lingvo-klasifado kaj atentigas pri la implicoj de tia aliro al lingvoplanado kaj lingvopolitiko en Ebura Bordo kaj en Afriko.
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Ruda, Oksana. "Polityka językowa Polski i Czechosłowacji wobec mniejszości ukraińskiej w okresie międzywojennym na przykładzie szkolnictwa Galicji i Zakarpacia." Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne 23 (November 29, 2017): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1643-0328.23.10.
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Language policy of Poland and Czechoslovakia concerning the Ukrainian minority in the interwar period on the example of the schooling of Galicia and TranscarpathiaIn the article the international treaties and internal laws and orders of Poland and the Czechoslovakia, which regulate the linguistic rights of national minorities in field of education are studiedInternal legislation of the Czechoslovakia guaranteed free use of minority language both orally and in writing, and provided the right for national minorities to study in their native language in public primary, secondary and higher educationOn the contrary, in the constitutional acts of Poland only the right of minorities to study their mother tongue in public primary schools was guaranteed. Due the prevalence of Ukrainians in Galicia, the Polish authorities with respect to these territories performed different national and language policy aimed at deepening regional differences and assimilation of the Ukrainian population.
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Olusegun, Elijah Adeoluwa. "The àwàdà phenomenon: Exploring humour in Wole Soyinka’s Alápatà Apátà." European Journal of Humour Research 6, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ejhr2018.6.4.olusegun.
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This article explores the deployment of humour in Wole Soyinka’s new and full-length play Alápatà Apátà. The emergence of Moses Olaiya (otherwise known as Baba Sala) on the Nigerian theatre scene at a time it was dominated by such colossuses as Hubert Ogunde, Duro Ladipo, and Kola Ogunmola, as a popular jester and comic actor has elevated the phenomenon called áwàdà to a popular form of art. The idea of serious theatre involving mostly tragedy had dominated the Nigerian theatrical scene to an extent that little attention is devoted to the less popular form of comedy until it was given impetus by the dexterity of Moses Olaiya. In the dramatic literary circle, Wole Soyinka bestrides the Nigerian space with his biting and humorous satire in such plays as The Lion and the Jewel, The Jero Plays, Childe International amongst others. With a great mastery of satire and humour, in his most recent play Alápatà Apátà, we witnessed a reincarnation of Moses Olaiya. However, Soyinka does not focus only on the character of Moses Olaiya (whom he dedicates the play to), he explores the misapplication of Yoruba language’s accent resulting in semantic oddity. The incongruity that can arise from the misunderstanding of language and its nuances is brought to the fore in our understanding of the theoretical exploration of the phenomenon called áwàdà. This article thus situates Wole Soyinka’s Alápatà Apátà within the literary and theatrical explication of humour in the Nigerian context showing that ‘that which is comic’ resonates as a universal human phenomenon irrespective of language.
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Hildebrandt. "“Woe Is Me!”: The Book of Jeremiah and the Language of Despair." Journal of Biblical Literature 139, no. 3 (2020): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.15699/jbl.1393.2020.3.
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Hildebrandt, Samuel. "“Woe Is Me!”: The Book of Jeremiah and the Language of Despair." Journal of Biblical Literature 139, no. 3 (2020): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2020.0025.
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Ritchie, Carlo James Waskowski. "“Caint na ndaoine”. The Irish Language as a Precedent for Standardisation." Adeptus, no. 8 (December 22, 2016): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/a.2016.014.
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“Caint na ndaoine”. The Irish Language as a Precedent for StandardisationCritics of the standardisation of the Irish language argue that the “modernisation” of the Irish orthography has been detrimental to the preservation of the various dialects that form native spoken Irish. The effects of standardisation on Irish consequently form an important precedent for language standardisation. The potential alienation of a language’s native speakers is an outcome of standardisation that is obviously destructive for a language community that exists in a minority. The issues that surround the movement for a standardised Plattdeutsch are similar to those faced in the standardisation of Modern Irish. Since the recognition by the European Union of Low German (Plattdeutsch) as a regional language in 1998, there has been newfound momentum in the movement for its reestablishment as a unified language of Northern Germany. One of the great difficulties of this movement however is the lack of any universal orthography due to the separate nature of the language’s dialects. Given the sociolinguistic similarities of these two (albeit unrelated languages), a study of the effects of the standardisation of Irish is useful for an assessment of the possibility of a standardised Plattdeutsch. “Caint na ndaoine”. Język irlandzki jako precedens standaryzacjiKrytycy procesu standaryzacji języka irlandzkiego uważają, że „modernizacja” irlandzkiej ortografii zaszkodziła ochronie wielu dialektów składających się na oralny język natywnych Irlandczyków. Skutki standaryzacji irlandzkiego stanowią więc ważny precedens standaryzacji języków. Możliwe wyobcowanie natywnych użytkowników języka jest w oczywisty sposób destrukcyjnym dla trwania wspólnoty mniejszościowej rezultatem procesu standaryzacji. Zagadnienia towarzyszące ruchowi na rzecz standaryzacji języka dolnoniemieckiego są podobne do problemów standaryzacji, wobec których stanął współczesny irlandzki. Uznanie przez Unię Europejską dolnoniemieckiego (Plattdeutsch) jako języka regionalnego w 1998 dało nową siłę ruchowi na rzecz ustanowienia go ujednoliconym językiem północnych Niemiec. Jedną z wielkich trudności tego procesu jest brak uniwersalnej ortografii, co wynika z różnorodności dialektów tego języka. Zważywszy na socjolingwistyczne podobieństwo tych dwóch (niespokrewnionych ze sobą) języków, studium efektów standaryzacji języka irlandzkiego jest użyteczne dla oceny możliwości standaryzacji dolnoniemieckiego.
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Birdsong, Destiny. "ILLNESS AND THE LANGUAGE OF POETRY." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2105.
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Abstract Two interactive workshops were conducted: one for training healthcare professionals in nursing, PT, and pharmacy, and another for the continuing education for caregivers of HIV-positive patients. Active Listening and Visual Learning Strategies for Healthcare Professionals discussed the importance of using active listening skills to better hear, understand, and treat patients. Activities included viewing one WOE respondent’s artwork and hearing a clip of the respondent’s interview, followed by a facilitated discussion of how the respondent’s story about her childhood shed light on her art. Additionally two published poems about bodies and illness were shared, with discussion of how each poem’s circuitous narrative nature offered clues about the speaker’s illness and outlook on life. Cultural Humility’s activities focused on utilizing poetry to discuss how caregivers can use active listening strategies to better understand how patients cope with life-changing illnesses, and how they incorporate the challenges of those illnesses into rich, fulfilling lives.
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Uwen, God’sgift Ogban, and Eno Grace Nta. "Nigerian English Usage in Literature: A Sociolinguistic Study of Wole Soyinka’s The Beatification of Area Boy." English Linguistics Research 10, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v10n1p56.
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This paper examined the imbalances created by social situations and captured in the English language usage by the characters in Wole Soyinka’s The beatification of area boy. The play, set in the busy city of Lagos, is a theatrical typification of the Nigerian society that creates variety differentiation in language use. The sociolinguistic data for the analysis were extracted from the primary text. The findings indicate that, in the play, Soyinka succinctly displays characters as linguistic pointers to showcase the peculiarities in Nigerian English usage that differentiate the linguistic behaviours of Nigerians from other Englishes. The study reveals the categorisation of the ‘spoken’ varieties into Nigerian Pidgin, Incipient bilingual, Local colour variety and the Nigerian literary variety. These features which manifest at the phonological, semantic, lexical, syntactic and pragmatic levels altogether combine to represent the typical linguistic situation in a non-native speaker environment. The linguistic variations, when juxtaposed with sociolinguistic variables, explicitly express the domestic adaptations and modifications in English language usage suggestive of the playwright’s representation of the Nigerian multilingual society.
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Matterson, Stephen, Ronna C. Johnson, and Nancy M. Grace. "Girls Who Wore Black: Women Writing the Beat Generation." Modern Language Review 99, no. 2 (April 2004): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3738781.
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Dabert, Dobrochna. "Alternatywy wobec jednowymiarowości. Fenomen polskiej kultury niezależnej w PRL." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 40 (September 14, 2021): 357–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2021.40.17.
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In this article devoted to the independent culture in Polish People’s Republic, I put into dichotomic doubt the concept based on the clear division between the official and independent culture. The forms of creative activity that escaped the state censorship between 1976 and 1989 radically disrespected the directives of the state’s cultural policy, yet many years before the emergence of ‘the second circulation’, there were already numerous initiatives that sparked a rich spectrum of independent activity. The authors’ strategies to remain independent changed over time, to varying extent distanced the authors from the official artistic life and differed depending on the character of the authors’ intellectual activity. In the article, I attempt to prove the relatively weak influence of the ‘official dependent culture’ that fully respected the authorities’ instructions, and I propose a classification of creative strategies that also emerged in the official culture and allowed for a relatively free development of art and science. Using multiple examples from literature, cinema, visual arts, music and science, I discuss ‘controlled culture escaping the ideological instructions’, ‘official niche culture’, ‘culture confronting the limitations’, ‘licensed Catholic culture’, ‘second circulation culture’ and ‘third circulation culture.’ The practice of searching for a way out of the official one-dimensionality allowed Polish cultural identity to continue and save its most valuable intellectual and artistic values.
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Raczek-Karcz, Marta Anna. "Sztuka wobec antropocenu – wybrane strategie artystyczne." Przegląd Kulturoznawczy, no. 1 (47) (2021): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843860pk.21.006.13460.
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Art and the Anthropocene – Selected Artistic Strategies The article presents an analysis of the artistic projects of three graphic artists who for nearly a decade have been trying to illustrate the causes and effects of the Anthropocene in various ways. Each of the authors in question uses a separate language of forms and different artistic tools, but their common goal is to establish, as Angelos Koutsourakis excellently put it, “dialectical representation of the Anthropocene” based on “self-reflexive representational tropes”. This self-reflexivity is not about constantly reminding that what is in front of the viewer’s eyes and what he/she experiences when entering the space of the installation is an artistic construction, but to sensitize him/her to the fact that what he/she looks at and participates in – both through form and the content – is a way of representing the causes that produce specific effects and the effects behind which specific processes lie. In the case of Sean Caulfield, it is about making the viewer aware of the cumulative effect of individual actions, which, when depicted in the form of a gradually destroyed installation, direct attention to individual acts causing global changes. On the other hand, Angela Snieder sensitizes the viewer to the influence that the historical conditions shaping the production processes influenced the way people perceive nature. The artist uses the visual attractiveness of the dioramas to blur the border between what is natural and what is industrial, ultimately confronting the viewer with the artificiality of the created reality. While Ellen Karin Maehlum raises the problem of connection between histories often treated separately: human and natural. The organisms shown by her are creations in which natural factors and those resulting from human influence on the environment combine with each other. Recognizing this fact allows us to consider natural and human history as interconnected vessels and realms that interact with each other. The article analyzes the strategies used by these artists to establish an engaging dialogue between them and the viewers, which may result in awakening the viewers’ awareness of the complex causes and effects of the Anthropocene.
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Igwedibia, Adaoma. "A Relevance Theoretical Reading of Wole Soyinka’s The Lion and the Jewel." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.5p.144.
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There would be no communication, business transactions or propagation of culture and beliefs but for the existence of language. Language is the most important tool for communication. The utterances human beings make are being governed by situation, event or occurrences at a given point in time. Meaning is derived based on the context in which the utterances occur and this is the essence of pragmatics. This paper seeks to carry out an analysis of some extracts in Wole Soyinka’s The Lion and the Jewel using the relevance theory in pragmatics. Relevance theory as propounded by Sperber and Wilson (1986) claims to provide a logical and cognitive account of relevance in communication. The theory tends to explain communication that takes into account implicit inference. It argues that the hearer or reader will search for meaning in any given communication situation and having found meaning that fits his expectation of relevance meaning, he will stop processing. This is in effect is what this paper attempts to explore using The Lion and the Jewel. Speakers and writers often mean much more than they say or write and expect their hearers or readers to understand them. They will generally assume that some aspects of meanings that are not expressed in words are deducible from the context. This assumption is based on their shared environment, values, social conventions, words or grammatical structures.
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Goodseed, Ochulor Nwaugo. "Language and Power: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Wole Soyinka’s The Lion and the Jewel." Journal of English Language and Literature 10, no. 1 (August 31, 2018): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v10i1.383.
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The play, The Lion and the Jewel by Soyinka has been projected variously as a triumph of African culture over the Western culture. This is because it is a post-colonial write-up that came almost after the end of the struggles that got Nigeria its independence. There have been different approaches to the study of this text with respect to the struggles between the two traditions as represented by Lakunle (the Western tradition) and Baroka (the African tradition). However, this paper takes a different dimension. Its concern is to investigate, using Fairclough’s tools of Critical Discourse Analysis, some of the ideologies and power relations embedded in some discourses in the text which reveal, in the same context, that Yoruba (African) traditional marriage ideology of bride price oppresses and marginalizes women whereas Western marriage ideology empowers and helps women to discover their self-worth. In addition too, the play reveals that chauvinism in African man cannot be completely eroded no matter the level of Western education acquired. In other words, there were still other levels of imperialism within the so called “independent world” of the traditional Yoruba and at large, Africa.
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Oodseed, Ochulor Nwaugo. "Language and Power: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Wole Soyinka’s The Lion and the Jewel." Journal of English Language and Literature 10, no. 1 (September 17, 2018): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v10i1.393.
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Krylova, Тatyana. "Woe from wit: Intellect in Russian linguistic world image." Вопросы языкознания, no. 4 (August 2017): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0373658x0001020-1.
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Drozd, Andrew M., A. S. Griboedov, Richard Peace, A. S. Pushkin, Victor Terras, N. V. Gogol, Michael Pursglove, et al. "Gore ot uma / Woe from Wit." Slavic and East European Journal 41, no. 1 (1997): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/309542.
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Davidson, Lisa S., Ann E. Geers, Rosalie M. Uchanski, and Jill B. Firszt. "Effects of Early Acoustic Hearing on Speech Perception and Language for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 9 (September 20, 2019): 3620–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-h-18-0255.
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Purpose The overall goal of the current study was to identify an optimal level and duration of acoustic experience that facilitates language development for pediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipients—specifically, to determine whether there is an optimal duration of hearing aid (HA) use and unaided threshold levels that should be considered before proceeding to bilateral CIs. Method A total of 117 pediatric CI recipients (ages 5–9 years) were given speech perception and standardized tests of receptive vocabulary and language. The speech perception battery included tests of segmental perception (e.g., word recognition in quiet and noise, and vowels and consonants in quiet) and of suprasegmental perception (e.g., talker and stress discrimination, and emotion identification). Hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine the effects of speech perception on language scores, and the effects of residual hearing level (unaided pure-tone average [PTA]) and duration of HA use on speech perception. Results A continuum of residual hearing levels and the length of HA use were represented by calculating the unaided PTA of the ear with the longest duration of HA use for each child. All children wore 2 devices: Some wore bimodal devices, while others received their 2nd CI either simultaneously or sequentially, representing a wide range of HA use (0.03–9.05 years). Regression analyses indicate that suprasegmental perception contributes unique variance to receptive language scores and that both segmental and suprasegmental skills each contribute independently to receptive vocabulary scores. Also, analyses revealed an optimal duration of HA use for each of 3 ranges of hearing loss severity (with mean PTAs of 73, 92, and 111 dB HL) that maximizes suprasegmental perception. Conclusions For children with the most profound losses, early bilateral CIs provide the greatest opportunity for developing good spoken language skills. For those with moderate-to-severe losses, however, a prescribed period of bimodal use may be more advantageous for developing good spoken language skills.
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Lionnet, Françoise. "National Language Departments in the Era of Transnational Studies." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 117, no. 5 (October 2002): 1252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081202x61133.
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Common though it may be in most of the United States today, monolingualism is an aberration in most of the world. In western Europe, for example, primary schools teach foreign languages to young children; in urban areas of Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean, switching between local, vernacular languages and national tongues is a common daily occurrence among all citizens, even those who may not be literate in the traditional Western sense. In a speech for the formal inauguration of the University of California, Irvine's new International Center for Writing and Translation on 5 April 2002, the 1986 Nigerian Nobel Prize laureate for literature, Wole Soyinka, asserted that the United States is “one of the most insular, mono-linguistic communities [he has] ever encountered in [his] life.” Along with the French philosopher Jacques Derrida, author of The Monolingualism of the Other, and Bei Ling, a dissident Chinese poet, translator, and editor, Soyinka is on the executive board of Irvine's new center, an initiative funded by a large endowment from Glenn Schaeffer, a successful Las Vegas casino executive (Johnson E1, E3).
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Mikołajczak, Stanisław. "Niepodległa wobec języka polskiego, red. Renata Przybylska, Barbara Batko-Tokarz, Sylwia Przęczek-Kisielak." Język Polski 101, no. 2 (September 2021): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31286/jp.101.2.11.
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Borkowski, Andrzej. "Barokowi pamiętnikarze wobec „polskiego kodu kulturowego” — od krytyki do afirmacji (rekonesans)." Prace Literackie 58 (April 28, 2020): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0079-4767.58.2.
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The main purpose of the research is to recognize and interpret Old Polish diarists’ reflections on language and local culture in a wider cultural perspective. Literary works by J.Ch. Pasek, J. So-bieski and some foreign authors who visited the Republic of Poland have been analyzed. Two ques-tions seem to be particularly interesting in the context of this theme: what features of local culture distinguished the Poles from people in other countries and regions in Europe in the 17th century and how these differences affected the contacts with the environment and the self-esteem of the protag-onists in each work. In view of the author’s own and other people’s opinions, a multiple image of the “Polish cultural code” has been revealed, whose elements were maintained in Polish customs and mentality for a long time.
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Stachowiak, Paweł. "Kościół katolicki wobec pamięci zbiorowej Polaków. Ciągłość i zmiana." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 3 (November 2, 2018): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2012.17.3.10.
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The paper attempts to present the leading objectives and motives of the ‘Church’s policy of memory’ before and after 1989. The author states that, like many other institutions of public life, the Catholic Church implements its own policy to shape the collective memory of Poles, both in terms of legitimization and content. At the time of the Polish People’s Republic, the first and foremost objective of the ‘Church’s memory policy’ was to counteract the activities of the communist authorities, which were carrying out a project to restrict the Church’s influence to the narrowly understood field of the priesthood and which ultimately aimed at the atheization of Polish society. The emphasis on the historical symbiosis of Polishness and Catholicism served the purpose of defending the traditional form of Polish religiousness and providing the Church with social support in the struggle to maintain the public dimension of its influence. Despite the change in language, the present objective of the Church’s historical narration appears similar: to oppose these aspects of secularization trends that drive the Church away from public space and so intensifying the phenomenon of the privatization of faith. Whether in the past or present, the Church’s vision of the past is to secure its own stability as an institution and retain the role of a significant factor contributing to the national and state conscience of Poles.
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Obiegbu, Ifeyinwa Rita. "Leadership and cultural frames in Wole Soyinka’s “The strong breed”." Journal of English Studies 16 (December 18, 2018): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.3286.
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Based on insights from sociology and critical discourse analysis, this study examines how religion enables persons and institutions to legitimise power and social control in a traditional African society. It shows that religion, besides being an instrument of social cohesion and harmony, can also serve the interest of the dominant group in the curtailment of the rights of the weak and the minority. This is built on the framework that the authorisation exercised by religious institutions and their agents is essentially derived from custom, tradition and conformity. The authorities of tradition and conformity ensure that agents sustain the cultural pattern irrespective of its consequences on human rights. This paper therefore examines how religious agents in Wole Soyinka’s “The Strong Breed” (1973) use the authorities of tradition and conformity to entrench tyranny. Analyses indicate that the social contradictions and conflicts that are immanent in the society of the play are functions of distinct ideological categories/cultural frames in dramatic conflicts which make social change inevitable.
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Toplava, Antoanita. "Zu einigen Aspekten der deutsch-bulgarischen interkulturellen Kommunikation." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 125-126 (January 1, 1999): 319–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.125-126.07top.
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Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag geht auf Unterschiede in der deutsch-bulgarischen interkulturellen Kommunikation ein, die durch eine Urnfrage ermittelt wurden. Deshalb fassen die festgestellten Unterschiede Eindrücke und Erfahrungen bulgarischer fortgeschrittener Deutschlernender zusammen. Sie beziehen sich auf Phänomene der verbalen und nichtverbalen Kommunikation, wobei die am häufigsten erwähnten Abweichungen den Gebrauch der Anreden an Frauen und der vertraulichen und höflichen Form betreffen.
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Kudela, Jean. "Piotr Pałys, Państwa słowianskie wobec Łużyc w latach 1945-1948." Revue des études slaves 86, no. 1-2 (September 15, 2015): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/res.638.
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Nagy, László Kálmán. "Proza polska wobec zmian ustrojowych: krótki przegląd nowych tendencji po 1989 roku." Studia Slavica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53, no. 2 (December 2008): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/sslav.53.2008.2.15.
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Ganek, Hillary, Ron Smyth, Stephanie Nixon, and Alice Eriks-Brophy. "Using the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) System to Investigate Cultural Differences in Conversational Turn Count." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 61, no. 9 (September 19, 2018): 2246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-l-17-0370.
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Purpose This study investigates how the variables of culture and hearing status might influence the amount of parent–child talk families engage in throughout an average day. Method Seventeen Vietnamese and 8 Canadian families of children with hearing loss and 17 Vietnamese and 13 Canadian families with typically hearing children between the ages of 18 and 48 months old participated in this cross-comparison design study. Each child wore a Language ENvironment Analysis system digital language processor for 3 days. An automated vocal analysis then calculated an average conversational turn count (CTC) for each participant as the variable of investigation. The CTCs for the 4 groups were compared using a Kruskal–Wallis test and a set of planned pairwise comparisons. Results The Canadian families participated in significantly more conversational turns than the Vietnamese families. No significant difference was found between the Vietnamese or the Canadian cohorts as a function of hearing status. Conclusions Culture, but not hearing status, influences CTCs as derived by the Language ENvironment Analysis system. Clinicians should consider how cultural communication practices might influence their suggestions for language stimulation.
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Шаклеин, Виктор, and Лан Нгуен. "Информативный компонент крылатых выражений комедии А. С. Грибоедова «Горе от ума» с позиции вьетнамской языковой традиции." Вопросы теории и практики журналистики 6, no. 3 (2017): 388–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2017.6(3).388-405.
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Berkin, Adam. "?I woke myself?:The Changeover as a modern adaptation of ?Sleeping Beauty?" Children's Literature in Education 21, no. 4 (December 1990): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01466549.
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