Journal articles: 'Wok design'

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Wu, Swei-Pi, Chien-Chung Jen, Chien-Hsin Yang, Te-Hong Chien, and Chia-Hui Lin. "The Ergonomic Design of Bent-Handled Wok for Female Cooks’ Wok Flipping Task." Journal of Food Research 5, no. 1 (December 27, 2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v5n1p58.

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Conventional straight-handled woks and the ergonomic bent-handled woks under different wok sizes were evaluated using the psychophysical approach. Twelve female subjects were tested using 15 different woks in a random order. The independent variables were the wok handle angle (with two angles of 25˚, 10˚ for traditional wok, and three angles of -5˚, -20˚ and -35˚ for bent-handled wok) and the wok size (with three diameters of 33 cm, 36 cm and 39 cm). The criterion measures included maximum acceptable weight of flipping (MAWF), wrist angle and subjective rating. The results showed both the handle angle and wok size significantly affected the maximum acceptable weight of flipping, wrist angle and subjective rating. The bent-handled wok is superior to the straight-handled wok, and the size-weight illusion effect is significant. In general, a small wok (33 cm diameter) with an ergonomic bent handle (-35˚) is ideal for females to decrease the risk of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders when performing the flipping task.

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Zhao, Z., T. T. Wong, C. W. Leung, and S. D. Probert. "Wok design: thermal-performance influencing parameters." Applied Energy 83, no. 4 (April 2006): 387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2005.04.002.

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Ko, Hungtang, and David L. Hu. "The physics of tossing fried rice." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 163 (February 2020): 20190622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0622.

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Fried rice is a 1500-year-old dish that is prepared using wok tossing, a technique that enables food to undergo temperatures of 1200°C without burning. Tossing of the heavy wok at high speed may be one contributor to shoulder pain, which is reported by 64.5% of Chinese restaurant chefs. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we report the wok tossing kinematics of five professional restaurant chefs. The wok toss has a period of 0.3 s and involves two directions of movement: translation, which slides the rice along the wok, and rotation, which throws the rice into the air. We report the chosen kinematics of the chefs and use a theoretical model to predict the trajectory of rice based on projectile motion. Using our model, we rank all possible kinematics in terms of three metrics: the proportion of the rice that is tossed, its flight height and the angular displacement of the rice. We identify an optimal regime for making fried rice and suggest ways that wok tossing may be improved. This study may inspire the design of stir-fry robotics and exoskeletons to reduce the rate of muscle strain injury among professional chefs.

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Budiyanto, Tri, Nyoman Adiputra, I. Dewa Putu Sutjana, and Ketut Tirtayasa. "Application of RULA analysis on work posture improvement to reduce workers’ fatigue and musculoskeletal complaints and to accelerate processing time of wok molding." International research journal of engineering, IT & scientific research 5, no. 4 (June 7, 2019): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v5n4.648.

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The aim of the research was to analyze the work posture of the workers using the RULA method. The research was conducted experimentally by applying the treatment by subject design using 12 samples which were given two treatments; wok molding workers with the former molding facility (P0), and wok molding workers with the new molding facility with the ergonomic intervention (PI). Conclusion of this research is the RULA analysis result on the work posture of placing the end work on the temporary place (P0) gave a score of 7. This score shows a high-risk level and needs work posture improvement immediately. The work on PI showed the RULA score of 3, which means that there is a decrease from a high risk at a low-risk level. The average time needed to mold a wok on P0 was 1.46 minutes/unit, and on PI was 1.23 minutes/unit or down 18.7%. Therefore it recommended for wok molding worker to use ergonomic work posture (PI).

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Broberg, Ole. "Design of New Food Technology: Social Shaping of Working Environment." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 8 (July 2000): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004400804.

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A five-year design process of a continuous process wok has been studied with the aim of elucidating the conditions for integrating working environment aspects. The design process is seen as a network building activity and as a social shaping process of the artefact. A working environment log is suggested as a tool designers can use to integrate considerations of future operators' working environment.

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Indartuti, Endang, and Radjikan Radjikan. "EFEKTIFITAS PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN KEMITRAAN INDUSTRI BATIK RUMAHAN ‘BATIK MOCH. SALAM’ DI DESA NGARESREJO, KECAMATAN SUKODONO, KABUPATEN SIDOARJO." dia 17, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v17i2.3042.

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Batik is one of the Indonesia characteristics and cultural heritages. It is the Government’s responsibility to develop batik in accordance with the local characteristics of each region. At the same time, it is the opportunity for the batik producers around the archipelago to utilize the moment. The purpose of these activities are: the procurement of printing equipment and a table cap in accordance with the desired design pattern; skills training using the tool, with the direct learning methods applied; training and helping for business management and simple bookkeeping; assisting the marketing process through training techniques and marketing strategy; making the media marketing.The applied methods are: identifying the problem and needed equipment, such as: a molding tool/ stamp, tasting table for batik, stove to the tasting table, printer wok batik; skills training in using the tools, forming the simple bookkeeping, making media marketing. The taken approach is a direct method of learning and working with participatory methods.Results and implications: the procurement of 4 printing tools following the pattern of SMEs, provision of 2 sets consisting of: Tables stove, printer wok, gas stove, regulator, gas hose, 12 Kg LPG Tube, a marketing tool. They have been handed over to the SMEs. It had been done the technical training activities and business management training and simple bookkeeping. The existence of tools increase the number of batik production more than ever

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Almeida, Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de, Fernanda Catelani, Aldo José Fontes-Pereira, and Nárrima de Souza Gave. "Retractions in general and internal medicine in a high-profile scientific indexing database." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 134, no. 1 (August 21, 2015): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2014.00381601.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Increased frequency of retractions has recently been observed, and retractions are important events that deserve scientific investigation. This study aimed to characterize cases of retraction within general and internal medicine in a high-profile database, with interest in the country of origin of the article and the impact factor (IF) of the journal in which the retraction was made. DESIGN AND SETTING: This study consisted of reviewing retraction notes in the Thomson-Reuters Web of Knowledge (WoK) indexing database, within general and internal medicine. METHODS: The retractions were classified as plagiarism/duplication, error, fraud and authorship problems and then aggregated into two categories: "plagiarism/duplication" and "others." The countries of origin of the articles were dichotomized according to the median of the indicator "citations per paper" (CPP), and the IF was dichotomized according to its median within general and internal medicine, also obtained from the WoK database. These variables were analyzed using contingency tables according to CPP (high versus low), IF (high versus low) and period (1992-2002 versus 2003-2014). The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for plagiarism/duplication. RESULTS: A total of 86 retraction notes were identified, and retraction reasons were found for 80 of them. The probability that plagiarism/duplication was the reason for retraction was more than three times higher for the low CPP group (RR: 3.4; 95% CI: [1.9-6.2]), and similar results were seen for the IF analysis. CONCLUSION: The study identified greater incidence of plagiarism/duplication among retractions from countries with lower scientific impact.

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Lemus-Aguilar, Morales-Alonso, Ramirez-Portilla, and Hidalgo. "Sustainable Business Models through the Lens of Organizational Design: A Systematic Literature Review." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 28, 2019): 5379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195379.

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The interest in sustainable business models has grown rapidly in recent years. Although some progress has been made in identifying this concept and making the practices more sustainable, little is known about the organizational design that is most appropriate for creating new business models or implementing changes in existing ones towards a sustainability approach. This paper presents a review of sustainable business models in terms of the key factors that influence firm design based on organization theory. We retrieved 394 Journal Citation Reports papers from the WoK and Scopus databases, identifying 19 papers that have addressed the interplay between both constructs. We used the Galbraith Star Model to analyze the selected papers. We discuss three key findings for the cross-fertilization of both literatures: (i) the extension of the design elements outside the firm boundaries at the inter-organizational and ecosystem levels; (ii) the emphasis on certain design elements (strategy, process, people, structure) rather than others (rewards); and (iii) the use of the organizational design construct as a tactic tool for strategy execution of the sustainable business model. We also present theoretical and practical implications for the use and further development of this framework, as well as future avenues of research.

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Rapunzelle Sunshine V. Baban and Bella P. Magnaye. "Patient Safety in Selected Healthcare Facilities in Caraga Region: An Aiken Model Approach." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 24, 2020): 538–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3895.

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This study aimed to determine the nursing organizational factors and patient safety in selected healthcare facilities in the Philippines. It utilized quantitative approach of research specifically descriptive correlational research design. The inclusion criteria of the entire population were composed mainly of 455 nurses employed among the five selected healthcare facilities in Caraga Region, Philippines within a period of 1 year and above offering inpatient and outpatient healthcare services. Results revealed that there was a positive response on organizational factors such as nursing foundations for quality care, nurse participation in hospital affairs, nurse manager leadership, ability and support and collegial nurse-physician relationships. Patient Safety with regards to supervisor/manager, wok area/unit, frequency of events reported, and communications, patient safety grade, hospital and number of events reported were positively performed and practiced. The patient safety practices were directly affected by the organizational factors being tested.

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Kulikova, E. Yu, and O. V. Vinogradova. "Risks as a cause of industrial safety inhibition in underground construction." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 7 (June 20, 2020): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-7-0-146-154.

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Underground construction is always affected by numerous hazards. The risks degrade safety and longevity of underground structures. The risk analysis shows that the main root causes of risk are the errors and ill-coordinated wok of personnel in construction and operation of an underground facility. The major risks in underground construction are described. The modes of industrial supervision over construction quality are presented. The definition of an accident risk is discussed. The majority of accidents falls at the errors of personnel, both managers and executives. Shortage of skills, lack of coordination, violation of labor discipline and deficiency of control lead to disasters in underground constructions. The required organizational arrangements are developed subject to assessment of underground structure conditions. Mitigation of technical risks should base on advance of protection technologies and equipment to ensure collective safety of workers. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve regulatory system, assessment of the industrial environment condition, mine planning and design methods, etc. Organizationally, risk reduction needs creation of social and psychological climate to motivate personnel to work safely and efficiently, including each individual and the whole company.

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Rosa, Tiago Corazza da, Ivan Ricardo Carvalho, Vinicius Jardel Szareski, Alan Junior de Pelegrin, Mauricio Horbach Barbosa, Nathan Lobler dos Santos, Tamires da Silva Martins, Adriel Somavilla Uliana, and Velci Queiróz de Souza. "Agronomic Performance and Multivariate Analysis Applied to Three-Waycross Maize Hybrids." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 5 (April 11, 2018): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n5p319.

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The aim of this wok was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three-waycross maize hybrids grown in different environments, to determine linear associations and to employ multivariate analysis for the measured traits. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in factorial scheme, arranged in three replicates. The three-way cross maize hybrids evaluated evidence phenotypic variability for the traits spike diameter, spike length, number of rows with grains, number of grains per row, cob mass and spike grains mass. The growing environment of Campos Borges-RS favors the increment of spike diameter, number of grains per row, spike mass, cob diameter, cob mass, mass of a thousand grains, spike grains mass and grain yield. Significant interactions between three-way cross maize hybrids and growing environments are verified for plant height, spike insertion height and prolificity. The traits spike diameter, mass of a thousand grains and mass of grains per spike present positive correlation with maize grain yield. The distinction of three-way cross hybrids is based on spike insertion height, spike diameter, plant height and mass of a thousand grains. The hybrids 2B688 HX® and 2A55 HX® are genetically closer, according to the biometric approach of canonical variables.

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Webb, Susan M., Iris Crespo, Alicia Santos, Eugenia Resmini, Anna Aulinas, and Elena Valassi. "MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Quality of life tools for the management of pituitary disease." European Journal of Endocrinology 177, no. 1 (July 2017): R13—R26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-17-0041.

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Background In the last few years, quality of life (QoL) has become an outcome measure in patients with pituitary diseases. Objective To describe the available data on QoL impairment evaluated with questionnaires in patients with pituitary diseases. Design Critical review of the pertinent literature and pragmatic discussion of available information. Methods Selection of relevant literature from PubMed and WOK, especially from the last 5 years and comprehensive analysis. Results QoL is impaired in all pituitary diseases, mostly in acromegaly and Cushing’s disease (similar to other causes of Cushing’s syndrome), but also in non-functioning pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas, especially in the active phase of the disease. Nevertheless, even after endocrine ‘cure’, scores tend to be below normative values, indicative of residual morbidity after hormonal control. The presence of hypopituitarism worsens subjective QoL perception, which can improve after optimal substitution therapy, including recombinant human growth hormone, when indicated. Conclusions To improve the long-term outcome of pituitary patients, helping them to attain the best possible health, it appears desirable to include subjective aspects captured when evaluating QoL, so that the affected dimensions are identified and if relevant treated. Additionally, being aware that treatment outcome may not always mean complete normalisation of physical and mental issues related to QoL can be a first step to adaptation and conforming to this new status.

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Meng, Fanwei, Yongbiao Hu, Pengyu Ma, Xuping Zhang, and Zhixiong Li. "Practical Control of a Cold Milling Machine using an Adaptive PID Controller." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 6, 2020): 2516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072516.

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This paper presents a supervised Hebb learning single neuron adaptive proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for the power control of a cold milling machine. The proposed controller aims to overcome the deficiency of the current power control algorithm, and to achieve as high an output power as possible for the cold milling machine. The control process and system model are established and presented to provide the insight and guidance to the controller design and analysis. The adaptive PID controller is developed using a supervised Hebb learning single neuron method with detailed algorithm and structure analysis. The field test is performed to validate the proposed single neuron adaptive PID control for the power control. In the test, the 8 cm-depth milling is conducted on a cement concrete pavement in which the cement is not well-distributed. The test results show that when the machine speed is adjusted by the machine itself or manually without the adaptive power control system, the machine is often overloaded or underloaded, and the average work speed is 2.4m/min. However, when the adaptive control system is implemented on the machine, it works very close to its rated work condition during its work process. With the developed controller, the machine work speed is adjusted in time to the load variation and uncertain dynamics. The average machine work speed can reach up to 2.766 m/min, which is 15.25% higher than the wok speed of the machine without an adaptive power control system.

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Bhattacharyya, Som Sekhar, and Surabhi Verma. "The intellectual core and structure of international business strategies (IBS)." Review of International Business and Strategy 29, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 180–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-01-2019-0013.

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Purpose International Business Strategies (IBS) literature deliberated on the strategic planning and strategy implementation of home country firms in foreign markets. IBS had become a very potent growth strategy for firms. IBS as a body of knowledge had become substantial in the last few decades of research. To this end, and as a complex field of study, this paper aims to conceptually map this IBS literature. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to present a visual mapping of intellectual structure in two dimensions and to identify the subfields of IBS through co-citation analysis. Design/methodology/approach All the citation documents were included in the Web of Knowledge (WoK) database between the years 1993 and 2018. For the multivariate analysis, this study applied a sequence of statistical analyses including factor analysis, multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Through these techniques, this research study tried to summarize the condition and status of IBS research by classifying the IBS literature into four categories. Findings IBS literature has been classified into four categories, namely, evolutionary aspects of IBS; firm strategic objectives and IBS; institutional theory and IBS in emerging economies; and foreign market entry strategies for internationalization. Research limitations/implications Based upon the basis of the analysis of extant research in IBS, the current and future extension research topics have been presented. This would help future researchers to understand the white spots for undertaking research in future. Originality/value This was one of the very first studies that mapped the International Business Strategy literature and categorized IBS literature.

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Diaz-Delgado, Maria Fernanda, Hermenegildo Gil, Raul Oltra-Badenes, and Hugo Ernesto Martinez-Ardila. "Detonating factors of collaborative innovation from the human capital management." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 14, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-10-2019-0102.

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Purpose This paper aims to offer an understanding of the actions which facilitate the open innovation achievement in companies from the management of their human capital. Although innovation contributes to keep competitive advantages in time, small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) hardly innovate because of the high expenses involved. The current problems also demand solutions that incorporate characteristics which are responsible for both the environment and society. Design/methodology/approach The actions in the study are called “Detonating factors of innovation,” and they obey the practices taken from a thorough exercise of systematic review on the previous scientific literature in the ISI Wok and Scopus databases for the period 2007-2019. Articles associated with open innovation and organizations were also reviewed, along with those containing detonating factors. Findings Human capital is exposed in this study as the primary and fundamental resource of any organization with the capacity to modify and impose the social and environmental factors in the solutions to global problems process. Thus, it was found that the detonating factor is linked to the selection of employee profiles, training, resource availability, incentive models, communication and work environment. Originality/value Open innovation literature is based more on large companies than on small ones, and in almost no case is it sought to be a tool for social development, but for technological development. The contribution of this study allows the advancement in the state of the art and also serves as an instrument to inspire SMEs to associate for innovation purposes, apart from including socially and environmentally responsible characteristics.

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Amegbe, Hayford, and Christian Nedu Osakwe. "Towards achieving strong customer loyalty in the financial services industry." International Journal of Bank Marketing 36, no. 5 (June 4, 2018): 988–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-06-2017-0120.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a better understanding of the practical matter of customer loyalty (CLOY) in the banking industry context. As such, this paper explores, in detail, the antecedent factors to building strong CLOY. More specifically the focus is on the constructs of customer care (CARE), product/service offerings appeal (PSOA), customer satisfaction (CSAT) and brand trust (TRUS). Design/methodology/approach This wok relies purely on a positivist research paradigm. In doing so, structured questionnaires were administered to research subjects. For statistical processing, the PLS-SEM technique was deemed appropriate. Findings The two biggest takeaways of this work are the findings about the indirect influence of PSOA and CARE on CLOY. This paper reveals the relations to be sequentially mediated by CSAT and TRUS. Besides, data support the mediating effect of CSAT on CARE-TRUS link, as well as the mediation of TRUS on CSAT-CLOY link. Other findings indicate PSOA and CARE are key determinants of CSAT, CARE is also a key determinant of TRUS. Research limitations/implications There are limits that come with the present analysis. One of the major limits is in the fact that it was conducted in a single country’s setting, thus limiting the generalizability of the research findings. As a result, this research report merits to be adequately scrutinized in differing financial landscapes. Finally, the broader implication of this research is that the road toward achieving strong CLOY is far more complex than previously imagined. Practical implications To generate sustained CLOY, a solid starting point for bank products managers in particular is to design more attractive products for their target audiences. Meanwhile, the special role of quality CARE cannot be overstated (enough), and so managers should allocate more resources in this area. In sum, this study encourages financial services managers to continue to pay greater attention to critical dimensions related to CLOY, such as PSOA, CARE, CSAT and TRUS. Originality/value The present analysis provides a clearer explanation of how the above-mentioned constructs are interconnected together. By using top Ghanaian banks’ customers as a test case for the research, the authors are helping to develop a more balanced approach to achieving sustained CLOY. Finally, the value of this work rests in the complex relations studied

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Polo-Vargas, Jean David, Manuel Fernández-Ríos, Mariana Bargsted, Raúl Ramírez-Vielma, Moisés Mebarak, Milton Zambrano-Curcio, Jessica Collazo, Lina Calderín, and Melissa Guerra. "Relación entre el diseño del trabajo, engagement, y satisfacción con la vida." Psicología desde el Caribe 35 (February 28, 2019): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/psdc.35.158.74.

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Polo-Vargas, Jean David, Manuel Fernández-Ríos, Mariana Bargsted, Raúl Ramírez-Vielma, Moisés Mebarak, Milton Zambrano-Curcio, Jessica Collazo, Lina Calderín, and Melissa Guerra. "Relación entre el diseño del trabajo, engagement, y satisfacción con la vida." Psicología desde el Caribe 35, ed. especial (February 28, 2019): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/psdc.35.5.158.74.

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Tiburcio García, Carmen, and Alejandro Sánchez Vázquez. "¿El pensamiento de diseño funciona? El caso de los Piesu2 terapéuticos." Economía Creativa, no. 10 (November 22, 2018): 89–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.46840/ec.2018.10.05.

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Este trabajo plantea el panorama actual del contexto social del ejercicio del diseño, mismo que se ha modificado por el impacto tecnológico, lo que de acuerdo con algunos autores pone en tela de juicio la pertinencia de esta profesión en esta época. Ante ello se expone la emergencia de nuevos enfoques del diseño, principalmente el del Design Thinking, cuestionando si realmente funciona ya que, aunque parece ser un método en boga, cuenta con detractores. Esta discusión culmina con preguntas que proponen la reflexión sobre este modelo. Para abordar dicha reflexión se expone el caso de un proyecto realizado con base en el Design Thinking, se trata de la marca Piesu2 Terapéuticos que se fundamenta en el concepto de la rehabilimaginación acuñado por su autor. Este proyecto propone la resignificación de la rehabilitación motriz desde la percepción de los pacientes infantiles para mejorar su experiencia y alcanzar los objetivos clínicos.

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Tosi, Francesca. "Ergonomics in Design and Design in Ergonomics." Work 66, no. 4 (September 17, 2020): 909–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203235.

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Hill, Emorcia V., Michael Wake, René Carapinha, Sharon-Lise Normand, Robert E. Wolf, Keith Norris, and Joan Y. Reede. "Rationale and Design of the Women and Inclusion in Academic Medicine Study." Ethnicity & Disease 26, no. 2 (April 20, 2016): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.26.2.245.

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Background and Objective: Women of color (WOC) (African American, Hispanic, Native American/Alaskan Native, and Asian American) faculty remain disproportionately underrepresented among medical school faculty and especially at senior ranks compared with White female faculty. The barriers or facilitators to the career advancement of WOC are poorly understood. The Women and Inclusion in Academic Medicine (WIAM) study was developed to characterize individual, institutional and sociocultural factors that influence the entry, progression and persistence, and advancement of women faculty in academic medical careers with a focus on WOC.Methods: Using a purposive sample of 13 academic medical institutions, we collected qualitative interview data from 21 WOC junior faculty and quantitative data from 3,127 (38.9% of 8,053 eligible women) respondents via an online survey. To gather institutional data, we used an online survey and conducted 23 key administrative informant interviews from the 13 institutions. Grounded theory methodology will be used to analyze qualitative data. Multivariable analysis including hierarchical linear modeling will be used to investigate outcomes, such as the inclusiveness of organizational gender climate and women faculty’s intent to stay.Conclusion: We describe the design, methods, rationale and limitations of one of the largest and most comprehensive studies of women faculty in academic medicine with a focus on WOC. This study will enhance our understanding of challenges that face women, and, especially WOC, faculty in academic medicine and will provide solutions at both the individual and institutional levels. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(2): 245-254; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.245

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Zhou, Yongquan, Ying Ling, and Qifang Luo. "Lévy flight trajectory-based whale optimization algorithm for engineering optimization." Engineering Computations 35, no. 7 (October 1, 2018): 2406–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-07-2017-0264.

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Purpose This paper aims to represent an improved whale optimization algorithm (WOA) based on a Lévy flight trajectory and called the LWOA algorithm to solve engineering optimization problems. The LWOA makes the WOA faster, more robust and significantly enhances the WOA. In the LWOA, the Lévy flight trajectory enhances the capability of jumping out of the local optima and is helpful for smoothly balancing exploration and exploitation of the WOA. It has been successfully applied to five standard engineering optimization problems. The simulation results of the classical engineering design problems and real application exhibit the superiority of the LWOA algorithm in solving challenging problems with constrained and unknown search spaces when compared to the basic WOA algorithm or other available solutions. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an improved WOA based on a Lévy flight trajectory and called the LWOA algorithm is represented to solve engineering optimization problems. Findings It has been successfully applied to five standard engineering optimization problems. The simulation results of the classical engineering design problems and real application exhibit the superiority of the LWOA algorithm in solving challenging problems with constrained and unknown search spaces when compared to the basic WOA algorithm or other available solutions. Originality value An improved WOA based on a Lévy flight trajectory and called the LWOA algorithm is first proposed.

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Pittman, Joyce, and Tamilyn Bakas. "Measurement and Instrument Design." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 37, no. 6 (2010): 603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/won.0b013e3181f90a60.

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Safin, Stéphane, Pinky Pintus, and Catherine Elsen. "Ergonomics in design and design in ergonomics: Issues and experience in education." Work 66, no. 4 (September 17, 2020): 917–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203237.

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BACKGROUND: Articulating design and ergonomics skills through education is a major challenge for both fields. Indeed, professional ergonomists are increasingly deeply involved in design processes, and ergonomics education should train them in design skills. As courses in ergonomics education are often time-constrained, it is difficult to mobilize students in real-scale projects and to involve them in design processes. Conversely, activity analysis and active involvement of users in design projects (through co-creation or co-design processes) are rarely convened in architecture and design curricula. OBJECTIVE: It is therefore necessary to develop effective and relevant pedagogical settings, enabling students of both fields to develop their abilities and equip them to act in concrete design situations. METHODS: In this paper, we describe a large-scale pedagogical setting involving groups of students from different disciplines gathered around a real-scale design project (re-shaping the waiting room of a mental health center). The ergonomics students’ main task is to analyze the needs and real activities of end-users; the interior design students’ task is to produce the design project. This communication more precisely focuses on describing the ergonomics students’ fieldwork and the practical and pedagogical innovations put in place to help them face the various challenges encountered during the project. RESULTS: Based on formal feedback from students, teachers and stakeholders, we address three main challenges: (1) dealing with the temporal constraints of the intervention, (2) documenting and observing a sensitive situation and (3) involving end-users to place them at the core of the design process. For each challenge, we describe the issue at stake, the work conducted to deal with this issue, and eventually the feedback collected from students, teachers and stakeholders. CONCLUSION: The paper concludes with an analysis of success and failure factors for such pedagogical settings, in particular for physical enquiry devices, co-creation processes, and co-constructed pedagogical settings. It shows the impact of these settings for students, but highlight that collaboration between ergonomists and designers is a key issue for learning in a positive experience.

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Kim, Jun Sik, and Byung Yong Jeong. "Universal safety and design: Transition from universal design to a new philosophy." Work 67, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203261.

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BACKGROUND: The philosophy of universal design contributes to providing age-friendly products and environments in the ageing society. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to establish the philosophy of universal safety and design to ensure the safety and health of product users and production workers. METHODS: The concept and principles of universal safety and design are developed based on the limitations of universal design and the necessity of a new philosophy. RESULTS: Requirements of physical support, flexibility, accessibility, ensuring safety and health, diversity and inclusion, and sustainability are proposed for implementing the universal safety and design philosophy. Also, the guidelines for applying the universal safety and design philosophy are presented. CONCLUSIONS: The principles presented in this study can be applied to reduce incidents and ensure productivity in customers and production workers by helping them to work efficiently, comfortably, and safely.

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Tong, Wangyu. "A Hybrid Algorithm Framework with Learning and Complementary Fusion Features for Whale Optimization Algorithm." Scientific Programming 2020 (February 18, 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5684939.

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It has been observed that the structure of whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is good at exploiting capability, but it easily suffers from premature convergence. Hybrid metaheuristics are of the most interesting recent trends for improving the performance of WOA. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm framework with learning and complementary fusion features for WOA is designed, called hWOAlf. First, WOA is integrated with complementary feature operators to enhance exploration capability. Second, the proposed algorithm framework adopts a learning parameter lp according to adaptive adjustment operator to replace the random parameter p. To further verify the efficiency of the hWOAlf, the DE/rand/1 operator of differential evolution (DE) and the mutate operator of backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSA) are embedded into WOA, respectively, to form two new algorithms called WOA-DE and WOA-BSA under the proposed framework. Twenty-three benchmark functions and six engineering design problems are employed to test the performance of WOA-DE and WOA-BSA. Experimental results show that WOA-DE and WOA-BSA are competitive compared with some state-of-the-art algorithms.

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Ramanavičius, Simonas, Milda Petrulevičienė, Jurga Juodkazytė, Asta Grigucevičienė, and Arūnas Ramanavičius. "Selectivity of Tungsten Oxide Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method Towards Some Volatile Organic Compounds and Gaseous Materials in a Broad Range of Temperatures." Materials 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030523.

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In this research, the investigation of sensing properties of non-stoichiometric WO3 (WO3−x) film towards some volatile organic compounds (VOC) (namely: Methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone) and ammonia gas are reported. Sensors were tested at several temperatures within the interval ranging from a relatively low temperature of 60 up to 270 °C. Significant variation of selectivity, which depended on the operational temperature of sensor, was observed. Here, the reported WO3/WO3–x-based sensing material opens an avenue for the design of sensors with temperature-dependent sensitivity, which can be applied in the design of new gas- and/or VOC-sensing systems that are dedicated for the determination of particular gas- and/or VOC-based analyte concentration in the mixture of different gases and/or VOCs, using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

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Hasan, Mustafa Wassef, and Nizar Hadi Abbas. "Controller design for underwater robotic vehicle based on improved whale optimization algorithm." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i2.2288.

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This paper presents the impact of introducing a two-controller on the linearized autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) for vertical motion control. These controllers are presented to overcome the sensor noise of the AUV control model that effect on the tolerance and stability of the depth motion control. Linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is cascaded with AUV model to adapt the tolerance and the stability of the system and compared with FOPID established by the improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) to identify which controlling method can make the system more harmonize and tolerable. The developed algorithm is based on improving the original WOA by reshaping a specific detail on WOA to earn a warranty that the new IWOA will have values for the update position lower than the identified lower-bound (LB), and upper-bound (UB). Furthermore, the algorithm is examined by a set of test functions that include (unimodal, multimodal and fixed dimension multimodal functions). The privileges of applying IWOA are reducing the executing time and obtaining the semi-optimal objective function as compared with the original WOA algorithm and other popular swarm-intelligence optimization algorithms.

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Reinert, Fabíola, and Leila Amaral Gontijo. "How to integrate ergonomics into product design through the user centered design approach." Work 63, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-192901.

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Székely, István, Endre-Zsolt Kedves, Zsolt Pap, and Monica Baia. "Synthesis Design of Electronegativity Dependent WO3 and WO3∙0.33H2O Materials for a Better Understanding of TiO2/WO3 Composites’ Photocatalytic Activity." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (June 27, 2021): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070779.

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The design of a semiconductor or a composite semiconductor system—with applications in materials science—is complex because its morphology and structure depend on several parameters. These parameters are the precursor type, solvent, pH of the solution, synthesis approach, or shaping agents. This study gives meaningful insight regarding the synthesis design of such WO3 materials. By systematically alternating the precursor (sodium tungstate dihydrate—NWH, or ammonium tungstate hydrate—AMT), subsequently shaping the agents (halide salts—NaX, KX, or hydrohalic acids—HX; X = F−, Cl−, Br−, I−), we have obtained WO3 semiconductors by hydrothermal treatment, which in composite systems can enhance the commercial TiO2 photocatalytic activity. We investigated three sample series: WO3-NWH-NaX/WO3-NWH-KX and, subsequently, WO3-AMT-HX. The presence of W+5 centers was evidenced by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. W+5 and W+6 species affected the band gap values of the NaX and KX series; a higher percentage of W+5 and, subsequently, W+6 caused a redshift, while, regarding the HX series, it led to a blue shift. Increased electronegativity of the halide anions has an unfavorable effect on the composites’ photoactivity. In contrast, in the case of hydrohalic acids, it had a positive impact.

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Punchihewa, Himan K. G., and Diane E. Gyi. "Reducing work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) through design: Views of ergonomics and design practitioners." Work 53, no. 1 (August 7, 2015): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-152126.

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Erol, Tugra, Cyriel Diels, James Shippen, and Dale Richards. "The visual categorization of production automotive seats on descriptors of comfort." Work 68, s1 (January 8, 2021): S69—S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-208007.

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BACKGROUND: The role of appearance of automotive seats on perceived comfort and comfort expectancy has been acknowledged in previous research but it has not been investigated in depth. OBJECTIVE: To identify the effects of the appearance of production automotive seats, based on the hypothesis that visual design differentiations are affective in creating comfort expectations. The significance of the descriptors Sporty, Luxurious and Comfortable and the associated visual design attributes was of interest. METHOD: Images from 38 automotive production seats were used in an image-based card sorting app (qCard) with a total of 24 participants. Participants were asked to categorize the different seat designs varying from 1: least, to 9: most for all three descriptors.The resulting data was analyzed using hierarchical clustering analysis. RESULTS: The results indicated that the perceived Sporty, Luxurious and Comfortable were descriptor items that significantly differentiated seats with certain design attributes. It was found that for the Sporty perception the integrated headrest design and angular shapes were key. On the other hand, the Comfort perception was characterised by seating with a separate headrest and rounded seat back/cushion shapes. CONCLUSIONS: For seat design processes, the method enables a practical way to identify elements conveying Sporty, Comfortable and Luxurious perception.

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Kim, Amy, Shuoqi Wang, Ji-Eun Kim, and Dorothy Reed. "Indoor/Outdoor Environmental Parameters and Window-Opening Behavior: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis." Buildings 9, no. 4 (April 20, 2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9040094.

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In moderate climates, the operation of windows is the most common way to control for thermal comfort. Window-opening behavior (WOB) is a complex process influenced by multiple factors, yet only simple bi-variate analyses between variables obtained from longitudinal datasets have been examined. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of indoor and outdoor environmental parameters on WOB using a statistical modeling approach called “structural equation modeling.” The results show that the indoor environmental parameters, such as operative temperature and air velocity, mediated the relationship between the outdoor environmental parameters, such as outdoor air temperature and wind gust, and the WOB. The indoor wet-bulb globe temperature rose as the solar radiation increased, and subsequently, both parameters affected the WOB. Also, an increase in outdoor wind gust led to higher indoor air velocity, which in turn resulted in a lower chance of occupants opening the window. By enhancing our understanding of the relationship between these theoretical parameters, improved design strategies on the mediating parameters can be prioritized and communicated early in the building design phase leading to more informed design decisions.

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Boursianis, Achilles D., Maria S. Papadopoulou, Marco Salucci, Alessandro Polo, Panagiotis Sarigiannidis, Konstantinos Psannis, Seyedali Mirjalili, Stavros Koulouridis, and Sotirios K. Goudos. "Emerging Swarm Intelligence Algorithms and Their Applications in Antenna Design: The GWO, WOA, and SSA Optimizers." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 8330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188330.

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Swarm Intelligence (SI) Algorithms imitate the collective behavior of various swarms or groups in nature. In this work, three representative examples of SI algorithms have been selected and thoroughly described, namely the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA). Firstly, the selected SI algorithms are reviewed in the literature, specifically for optimization problems in antenna design. Secondly, a comparative study is performed against widely known test functions. Thirdly, such SI algorithms are applied to the synthesis of linear antenna arrays for optimizing the peak sidelobe level (pSLL). Numerical tests show that the WOA outperforms the GWO and the SSA algorithms, as well as the well-known Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO), in terms of average ranking. Finally, the WOA is exploited for solving a more computational complex problem concerned with the synthesis of an dual-band aperture-coupled E-shaped antenna operating in the 5G frequency bands.

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Majeed, M. A. Mushahhid, and Sreehari Rao Patri. "A hybrid of WOA and mGWO algorithms for global optimization and analog circuit design automation." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 452–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-04-2018-0175.

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PurposeThis paper aims to resolve the sizing issues of analog circuit design by using proposed metaheuristic optimization algorithm.Design/methodology/approachThe hybridization of whale optimization algorithm and modified gray wolf optimization (WOA-mGWO) algorithm is proposed, and the same is applied for the automated design of analog circuits.FindingsThe proposed hybrid WOA-mGWO algorithm demonstrates better performance in terms of convergence rates and average fitness of the function after testing it with 23 classical benchmark functions. Moreover, a rigorous performance evaluation is done with 20 independent runs using Wilcoxon rank-sum test.Practical implicationsFor evaluating the performance of the proposed algorithm, a conventional two-stage operational amplifier is considered. The aspect ratios calculated by simulating the algorithm in MATLAB are later used to design the operational amplifier in Cadence environment using 180nm CMOS standard process.Originality/valueThe hybrid WOA-mGWO algorithm is tailored to improve the exploration ability of the algorithm by combining the abilities of two metaheristic algorithms, i.e. whale optimization algorithm and modified gray wolf optimization algorithm. To build further credence and to prove its profound existence in the latest state of the art, a statistical study is also conducted over 20 independent runs, for the robustness of the proposed algorithm, resulting in best, mean and worst solutions for analog IC sizing problem. A comparison of the best solution with other significant sizing tools proving the efficiency of hybrid WOA-mGWO algorithm is also provided. Montecarlo simulation and corner analysis are also performed to validate the endurance of the design.

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Li, Ze Lun, Yi Ke Tang, Chuan De Zhou, and Jing Xu. "Optical Properties of Hydrogen Sensitive Films for Surface Plasmon Resonance Optic-Fiber Micro-Sensor." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.260.

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Tungsten oxide (WO3) film material is applied extensively because of its electrochromic property, gasochromic property, photochromic property, electrochemistry, etc. Based on the preliminary study on the preparation and hydrogen sensing properties of platinum-doped WO3 films, we studied the optical properties of hydrogen sensitive WO3 films for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optic-fiber micro-sensor. In this work, firstly, the structure of SPR optic-fiber hydrogen micro-sensor was discussed. Secondly, we studied the transmissivity of the platinum-doped WO3 films. Thirdly, the reflection index of the films in different environments was discussed. This work can provide theory support for the design of SPR optic-fiber micro-sensor.

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Lara-Valencia, Luis A., Daniel Caicedo, and Yamile Valencia-Gonzalez. "A Novel Whale Optimization Algorithm for the Design of Tuned Mass Dampers under Earthquake Excitations." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (July 2, 2021): 6172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136172.

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This paper introduces a novel methodology for the optimum design of linear tuned mass dampers (TMDs) to improve the seismic safety of structures through a novel Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The algorithm is aimed to reduce the maximum horizontal peak displacement of the structure, and the root mean square (RMS) response of displacements as well. Furthermore, four additional objective functions, derived from multiple weighted linear combinations of the two previously mentioned parameters, are also studied in order to obtain the most efficient TMD design configuration. The differential evolution method (DEM), whose effectiveness has been previously demonstrated for TMD applications, and an exhaustive search (ES) process, with precision to two decimal positions, are used to compare and validate the results computed through WOA. Then, the proposed methodology is applied to a 32-story case-study derived from an actual building, and multiple ground acceleration time histories are considered to assess its seismic performance in the linear-elastic range. The numerical results show that the proposed methodology based on WOA is effective in finding the optimal TMD design configuration under earthquake loads. Finally, practical design recommendations are provided for TMDs, and the robustness of the optimization is demonstrated.

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Yu, Ke, Liyun Zhang, Yanling Zhang, Qian Yu, Xiaohong Li, and Sujatha Krishnamoorthy. "Design of a workstation based on a human-interfacing robot for occupational health and safety." Work 68, no. 3 (March 26, 2021): 863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203420.

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BACKGROUND: Robots communicate with the physical world program with the mechanic’s simulations. They recommend that people-to-people robotics will prepare for cognitive models. Presently, there is a considerable concern for greater flexibility and efficiency in the scope of human-robot interfacing collaboration across hospitals. Nevertheless, interfacing is still in its infancy in manufacturing; industrial practitioners have many questions and doubts about the efficiency of the device and the health of human operators. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, research on processes and methods of design is required to ensure that the intended human-computer interaction-based workstations effectively meet system performance, human safety, and ergonomics standards for realistic applications. This study provides a design process for a workstation appropriate for occupational health and safety. This article outlines the perspectives learned from incorporation into the preparation and operation of robotics of digital cognitive models. RESULTS: This ends with an overarching game-theoretical model of contact and analyses how different approaches contribute to effective communicating activities for the robot in its interaction with people. CONCLUSION: The new feature of this design process is the approach for testing alternative workstation designs, taking into account efficiency and safety features with computer simulations.

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Tosi, Francesca, and Alessandra Rinaldi. "Experimenting new design languages in contemporary home design." Work 41 (2012): 1493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2012-0343-1493.

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Margules, Christopher R. "The Wog Wog Habitat Fragmentation Experiment." Environmental Conservation 19, no. 4 (1992): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290003143x.

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An experiment to study the effects of habitat fragmentation on biological diversity was commenced in an Eucalyptus forest, in February 1985, at Wog Wog in southeastern New South Wales, Australia. The two hypotheses which are being tested are (1) that habitat fragmentation reduces biological diversity, and (2) that the reduction in diversity is fragment-size dependent.The experimental design consists of three fragment-sizes replicated six times. The sizes are 0.25 ha, 0.875 ha, and 3.062 ha, the two larger ones being progressively c. 3.5 times the size of the smaller ones. Four replicates (12 fragments) were retained as Eucalyptus forest when the surrounding land was cleared for a softwood (Pinus radiata) plantation. Two replicates (six fragments) are controls in an adjacent State Forest.The sampling is stratified into slopes, drainage lines, and inner and outer zones, with samples replicated twice in each stratum. Thus, there are two outer slope and two outer drainage-line sample sites, and two inner slope and two inner drainage-line sample sites. This gives 144 permanent sample sites within the Eucalyptus forest.Following the experimental treatment, a further 44 permanent sample sites were established between the fragments. Aranae, Phalangida, Formicidae, Scorpionidae, Diplopoda, Coleoptera, and vascular plants, are the main groups of organisms involved in the experiment. Mosses and liverworts, breeding birds, small ground-mammals, skinks, and bats, are also being monitored.Monitoring commenced in February 1985. The experimental treatment, i.e. forest fragmentation, took place during 1987. Two years after the treatment there were still no experimental results, because of the inherent delays in sorting and identifying the arthropods, and in establishing and managing the very large database involved. However, the analysis of some pre-treatment data is used to assess the experimental design. This analysis demonstrates the importance of adequate replication in ecological field experiments.

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Wang, Ji-Chao, Weina Shi, Xue-Qin Sun, Fang-Yan Wu, Yu Li, and Yuxia Hou. "Enhanced Photo-Assisted Acetone Gas Sensor and Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation Using Fe-Doped Hexagonal and Monoclinic WO3 Phase−Junction." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10020398.

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The development of WO3-based gas sensors for analysis of acetone in exhaled breath is significant for noninvasive diagnosis of diabetes. A series of Fe-doped hexagonal and monoclinic WO3 phase−junction (Fe−h/m−WO3) sensors were synthesized by the hydrothermal calcination method, and the influences of operating temperature and light irradiation on the response were studied. Under light emitting diode (LED) illumination, Fe−h/m−WO3 exhibited higher responses to acetone than those of the undoped WO3-based sensors at an operating temperature of 260 °C with 90% relative humidity, and good linearity between response and acetone concentration (0.5 to 2.5 ppm) was achieved under the 90% relative humidity condition. Meanwhile, the optimal Fe−h/m−WO3 sensor exhibited high selectivity and stability for a duration of three months. The excellent sensing performance of Fe−h/m−WO3 was attributed to the formation of phase−junction and Fe doping, and these were beneficial for the separation of photon−generated carriers and oxygen adsorption on the WO3 surface, promoting the generation of superoxide radicals, which was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance and photocurrent tests. Additionally, the Fe−doped WO3 phase−junction sample also showed good photocatalytic performance for rhodamine B degradation. This study may provide some insights into rational design of new types of gas sensors and offer an alternative for noninvasive diagnosis of diabetes.

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Anjani, Shabila, Manon Kühne, Alessandro Naddeo, Susanne Frohriep, Neil Mansfield, Yu Song, and Peter Vink. "PCQ: Preferred Comfort Questionnaires for product design." Work 68, s1 (January 8, 2021): S19—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-208002.

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BACKGROUND: Selecting the most suitable questionnaire(s) in comfort research for product design is always a challenge, even for experienced researchers. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is to create a list of Preferred Comfort Questionnaires (PCQ) for product design to help researchers in the selection of questionnaires for comfort research. METHODS: Fifteen questionnaires that are often used in comfort research for product design were selected as candidate questionnaires. During the Second International Comfort Congress (ICC 2019), 55 researchers and practitioners working in the field of comfort joined together in a workshop to rate these questionnaires individually as well as rank them in groups based on their experience. The criteria of rating and ranking included easiness to answer, easiness for data interpretation, time needed to complete, the need for prior training, as well as mapping the applicable design phases and field of application. RESULTS: The elicited responses related to each questionnaire were analyzed. For comfort research in five proposed application fields and four design phases, the preferred questionnaires were highlighted and categorized into four categories: preferred questionnaire, suitable for less prior training, suitable for fast completion and generally applicable, which led to a list of PCQ for product design. CONCLUSION: We expect that the PCQ list can be used as a useful instrument to help researchers in selecting questionnaires for comfort research in product design.

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Güzelci, Orkan Zeynel, and Sinan Mert Şener. "An Entropy-Based Design Evaluation Model for Architectural Competitions through Multiple Factors." Entropy 21, no. 11 (October 30, 2019): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21111064.

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Generally, the evaluations in architectural competitions are based on quality where many criteria are involved. Additionally, many other inter-related criteria, identified by the members of the jury, emerge during jury evaluation. Hence, a great number of criteria play a role, with varying degrees of importance, in the evaluation process. The order of importance and weights of criteria (factors) in the evaluation phases are not fixed and differ according to the approaches of the jury members. The objective of this study is to investigate whether subjective means of evaluation can be associated with an objective and computable evaluation model. Entropy, an objective method used to measure disorder in buildings, offers significant potential in enhancing the comprehensibility of subjective tendencies in jury evaluation of architectural competitions. Previous studies have identified an inverted U relationship between entropy and subjective responses based on single and multiple factors. The Entropy-Based Design Evaluation Model (EBDEM), a method, analyzes the level of objectivity in jury evaluation and questions the predictability of evaluations through examining the relationship between the entropy values of projects and success outcomes. The Weighted Overall Entropy (WOE) was obtained by multiplying multiple factor entropy values with different weight coefficients with the purpose of ranking each project on an inverted U graph similar to jury results. The relationship between WOE values calculated and the ranking of the projects in the competitions were investigated. The findings within this study indicate that there are no relationships between single factor entropy values and ranking of the projects. Additionally, it was found that WOE values calculated for single-competition compared to multiple-competitions were more similar to jury evaluation results.

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Garrido-Barros, Pablo, Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach, Roc Matheu, Xavier Sala, and Antoni Llobet. "How to make an efficient and robust molecular catalyst for water oxidation." Chemical Society Reviews 46, no. 20 (2017): 6088–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00248c.

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Bagnara, Sebastiano, and Simone Pozzi. "Design for reflection." Work 41 (2012): 1108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2012-0289-1108.

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Yang, Zhiguang, Chaosheng Zhu, Zhiqiang Hou, and Peng Peng. "Effect of oxygen vacancies on the surface morphology and structural properties of WO3– x nanoparticles." Materials Express 9, no. 7 (October 1, 2019): 773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2019.1567.

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WO3 is an essential material for energy storage and catalytical technology, the oxygen vacancies level will play an essential role in its potential application. In this paper, porous tungsten oxide (WO3–x) with various oxygen contents was quickly fabricated by a microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method. A detailed characterization of structure and morphology features with the plasma handling process was recorded by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The etching mechanism of porous WO3–x under H2 plasma was discussed based on the systemically characterization. These results will help us to design the active sites or structure in the metal oxide materials.

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Konsti-Laakso, Suvi, Virpi Koskela, Suvi-Jonna Martikainen, Helinä Melkas, and Laura Mellanen. "Participatory design of a social enterprise for rehabilitees." Work 55, no. 1 (September 27, 2016): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-162383.

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Tosi, Francesca. "Ergonomics in Design, current development and new challenges." Work 66, no. 4 (September 17, 2020): 913–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203236.

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Ahearn, David J., Martha J. Sanders, and Claudia Turcotte. "Ergonomic design for dental offices." Work 35, no. 4 (2010): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2010-0986.

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Marques, Luiz Guilherme Oliveira, and Vânia Maria Batalha Cardoso. "Informational ergonomics and design: signage design for Monte Sião Camp." Work 41 (2012): 1553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2012-0352-1553.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Wok design'

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