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Journal articles on the topic 'Womanism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Alharbi, Aisha. "Unveiling the Depths of the African Woman Experience: An Africana Womanist Interpretation of Sefi Atta's Swallow." International Journal of Literature Studies 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijts.2024.4.1.4.

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This study is an attempt to analyse Sefi Atta's novel Swallow (2010), from an Africana womanist perspective. The objective is to contribute a deeper and more unique understanding of the African woman’s experience. Additionally, it seeks to challenge the superficial labelling of S. Atta as merely a feminist, based on Western standards. The research adequately demonstrates the key features of Africana womanism that are effectively integrated by the female protagonists in Swallow. The traits of these womanists encompass authenticity, true affiliation via sisterhood, compatibility with males and a natural aptitude for mothering and caring. This study assesses the African woman’s struggle against patriarchal oppression and subjugation, aided by the doctrines of Africana womanism. The research highlights the importance of Africana womanism as an essential theoretical framework for evaluating women's experiences and accomplishments in African and African American literature, using the principles of Africana womanism.

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Ratna Hasanthi, Dhavaleswarapu. "Womanism and Women in Alice Walker’s The Temple of My Familiar." Shanlax International Journal of English 7, no. 2 (March 17, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v7i2.322.

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African-American women have been inappropriately and unduly, stereotyped in various contrasting images as slaves post-slavery, wet nurses, super women, domestic helpers, mammies, matriarchs, jezebels, hoochies, welfare recipients, and hot bodies which discloses their repression in the United States of America. They have been showcased by both black men and white women in different ways quite contrary to their being in America. Toni Morrison, Alice Walker, Gloria Naylor, Gayl Jones, Paule Marshall, Sonia Sanchez, Toni Cade Bambara, to name a few writers, have put forth the condition of black women through their works. They have shown the personality of many a black women hidden behind the veils of racism, sexism, classism and systemic oppression of different sorts. Walker coined the term Womanism in her 1984 collection of essays titled In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens: Womanist Prose. Womanism advocates consensus for black women starting with gender and proceeding over to race, ethnicity and class, with a universal outlook. Womanism offers a positive self-definition of the black woman’s self within gendered, historical, geographical, ethnic, racial and cultural contexts too. Walker’s novel The Temple of My Familiar 1989 is a womanist treatise putting forth the importance of womanist consciousness and womanist spirit. The novel is a tribute to the strength, endurance and vitality of black womanhood. The novel revolves around three pairs of characters and their lives to showcase the lives of African Americans and coloured population in America. The three couples namely Suwelo and Fanny, Arveyda and Carlotta, Lissie and Hal showcased in the novel, belong to different age groups and different, mixed ethnicities. Through them, Walker depicts the lives of marginalized population in America, and the umpteen trials they face for being who they are. Furthermore, this paper showcases how Womanism as a theory can really enliven the life of the black community, especially black women when put into practice.

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Izgarjan, Aleksandra, and Slobodanka Markov. "Alice Walker’s Womanism: Perspectives Past and Present." Gender Studies 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10320-012-0047-0.

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Abstract The article charts the development of womanism as a movement which has presented an alternative to feminism. It advocates inclusiveness instead of exclusiveness, whether it is related to race, class or gender. Womanism provided political framework for colored women and gave them tools in their struggle with patriarchy which imposed restrictive norms and negative stereotypes on them. It also tackled the restrictiveness of feminism which was especially evident in the field of literary scholarship. Womanism is also related to new movements within feminism such as womanist theology and eco-feminism

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Choudhary, Prity Kumari, and Dr Samir Kumar Sharma. "Concepts of Womanism/ Feminism in A Life Apart: An Autobiography by Prabha Khaitan." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, no. 5 (2023): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.40.

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Even though the concept of Womanism has roots in Black Feminism, still it can form some relevance and connection with Indian Feminism. Alice Walker (1944-) an African Black woman writer has positioned “Womanist/Womanism” in her critically acclaimed collection of essays, “In Search of Our Mother’s Gardens: Womanist Prose”. Roughly, in Post-Independence India, women’s active involvement in politics advances their positions. The proportion of women in the Indian Education System skyrocketed. Due to awareness, Indian women make decisions in the realms of social, economic, and religious issues as well. Now, women lawyers, activists, politicians, administrators, and others focus on the upliftment of women’s conditions in India. These give birth to women-specific organizations, acts, amendments, and laws. In Indian Feminism based on the above-discussed layouts, there have been three waves in the last eighty years. Indian Womanism can be one of the most significant segments of Indian Feminism of the contemporary era. The primary aim of the Researcher is to conceptualize Indian Womanism while unwrapping the palimpsest narrative of Prabha Khaitan’s autobiography named A Life Apart. The second contention is to situate Prabha Khaitan as the best possible exemplar of an Indian Womanist instead of an Indian Feminist in the background of A Life Apart: An Autobiography.

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5

Taylor, Janette Y. "Womanism." Advances in Nursing Science 21, no. 1 (September 1998): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00012272-199809000-00006.

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6

Ruhina, Jesmin. "Continuity of Womanist Ethos: Intertextuality in Select Novels of Alice Walker." University of Bucharest Review. Literary and Cultural Studies Series 10, no. 1 (October 5, 2021): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31178/ubr.10.1.4.

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This study uses the relational content analysis method and theories of intertextuality, intersectionality, and womanism to explore the continuity of womanist ethos in select novels of the African-American novelist Alice Walker. It attempts to explore Walker’s use of womanism as an intertextual trope in The Third Life of Grange Copeland (1970), Meridian (1976), The Color Purple (1982), The Temple of My Familiar (1989) and Possessing the Secret of Joy (1992); Walker’s portrayal of Celie-Shug as a perfect womanist couple in Color Purple and their reappearance in Temple as mother trees; foremothers as role models in Third Life and Temple; Walker’s telling and retelling of Tashi’s life-long suffering from female genital mutilation (FGM) in Color Purple, Temple, and Possessing – the subject of this paper.

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7

Shrivastwa, Bimal Kishore. "A Study of Feminine Ties in Walker’s The Color Purple." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation 1, no. 3 (November 26, 2022): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajiri.v1i3.691.

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The research aims to probe into the womanism and relationship of women in Alice Walker’s novel, The Color Purple. Its central concern is to analyze the motive behind the intense and lesbian relationship of such leading female characters of the novel as Celie and Shug. The research tool taken to analyze why the chief characters of the novel prefer women’s culture and women’s emotional flexibility is ‘womanism’, a theory first popularized by Alice Walker herself, and queer theory of Judith Butler. The principal finding of the paper is that Celie, Shug, and other female characters of The Color Purple look womanish, that is make courageous, willful, and even lesbian relationship among themselves to display their strength and to resist being the commodities of men. The researchers intended to survey the female relationships and womanism in other works are expected to take the work as a reference.

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Asiegbu, Perp’ st Remy. "Orara as a symbol of feminine beauty and meekness in select novels of Igbo female writers." AFRREV LALIGENS: An International Journal of Language, Literature and Gender Studies 9, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/laligens.v9i1.5.

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The similitude that exists in the depiction of the major characters of pioneer Nigerian female writers (who are, incidentally, Igbo) tasks the mind as it reflects on a possible cause of this semblance. This paper located a double pronged characteristic that is shared by all the major characters in the works under study – one of beauty and gentle spirit. These features have a symbolic significance (Ọrara) in an Igbo sub-culture (Mbaise). Ọrara, a snake, is one of the symbols in Mbari representing feminine beauty and meekness in repressed strength – traits that womanism upholds. Text analysis, oral tradition and interviews provide points that aid the study of the relationship between these concepts – female characters, Ọrara and womanism. It is deduced that the identical characterization in the works of Igbo female writers - Nwapa’s Efuru and Idu; Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood and The Bride Price; and Okoye’s Behind the Clouds and Chimere - has its root in the writers’ re-creation of the real experiences of the ordinary woman in the Igbo society whose natural reactions to her plight gravitates more to the womanist than the feminist angle, producing traits that are similar to those of Ọrara. And while womanism is not new in relation to the study of the works of Igbo female writers, it has not been studied against a significant symbol in the Igbo tradition. Ọrara is, thus, seen as the ideological locus for womanism and may be put under further scrutiny to establish it as the muse of Igbo female writers. Key Words: Womanism, Characters, Beauty, Meekness, Symbol, Ọrara, Igbo.

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Dove, Nah. "African Womanism." Journal of Black Studies 28, no. 5 (May 1998): 515–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002193479802800501.

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10

Arnold-Patti, Abby. "The Africana Womanist Rhetoric of Frances Ellen Watkins Harper." Journal for the History of Rhetoric 26, no. 1 (March 2023): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.1.0035.

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Abstract To read Frances Ellen Watkins Harper’s corpus of poetry, oratory, and political activism through the lens of feminism is to erase the Afrocentric logics of her rhetoric, but examining her work through the lens of Afrocentricity broadly obscures her radical views on the role of women in society. Africana womanism offers a paradigm through which one can analyze her rhetoric in a way that honors her Blackness and her womanhood—an ethic she insisted on throughout her life. This article elucidates the theory of Africana womanism and highlights evidence of Africana womanist thought in the rhetoric of Watkins Harper, deepening our understanding of women’s contributions to the organizing work and activism of nineteenth-century Black Americans.

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11

THAKUR, SNEHA. "Womanism: Formulated by Society." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/june2014/65.

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Saeed, Sohail Ahmad, Ahmad Naeem, and Muhammad Mahmood Ahmad Shaheen. "Caught in Transition: Ama Ata Aidoo's Search for a New Ghanaian Woman." Global Language Review VII, no. II (June 30, 2022): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(vii-ii).28.

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This paper brings out the Womanist perspective in Aidoo’s No Sweetness Here and Other Stories. The term ‘Womanism' encapsulates the varied dynamics of the black woman's literary experience as it distinguishes itself from the feminism of the White Woman. The predicament of women in postcolonial Ghana is the focus of Aidoo’s attention. Aidoo’s vision is historical, also. In her short stories, she explores the challenges faced by women in post-independence Ghana. In the period of transition, the African woman's identity is brought into conflict with traditions and cultural modernization. Aidoo’s predominant concern is to reflect on women’s increasing alienation in contemporary African society with the help of tradition and modernity. In Aidoo’s vision, Africa’s progress is inseparable from the social, economic,political and psychological liberation of women. No Sweetness Here and Other Stories attempts to make African women aware of their agency, which is the first step towards their liberation.

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Ezeifeka, Chinwe R. "Chinweizu and Woman’s Place: A Response to Anatomy of Female Power." African and Asian Studies 20, no. 1-2 (April 27, 2021): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341488.

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Abstract This article examines the reality or illusion of the perceived ‘paradises’ of ‘female power’, the purported façade of patriarchy and the claimed pervasiveness of matriarchy in Chinweizu’s Anatomy of Female Power. By deconstructing the extreme essentialist perspectives of AFP, and in line with womanism, the article interrogates the perceived covert matriarchal power sites of the masculinist creation and argues that they essentialize woman’s place in fixed biologically defined gender spaces, hence negating the concept of societal power as exercised rather than possessed. These placements, while trivializing woman’s role in the public sphere, obviously obfuscate the acknowledged dual-sex political system in some African and Nigerian settings. Responding from the generally African and specifically Igbo experience, the work offers an alternative womanist conceptualization, beyond matriarchy-patriarchy and other gender stereotypic binaries; a humanistic form of gender fluidity where the synergy of the two genders will engender complementarity, collaboration, compromise and cooperation.

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Makombe, Rodwell. "Images of woman and the search for happiness in Cynthia Jele's Happiness is a four letter word." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 55, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.55i1.1552.

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Over the years, African ‘feminist’ scholars have expressed reservations about embracing feminism as an analytical framework for theorizing issues that affect African women. This is particularly because in many African societies, feminism has been perceived as a negative influence that seeks to tear the cultural fabric and value systems of African communities. Some scholars such as Clenora Hudson-Weems, Chikenje Ogunyemi, Tiamoyo Karenga and Chimbuko Tembo contend that feminism as developed by Western scholars is incapable of addressing context-specific concerns of African women. As a result, they developed womanism as an alternative framework for analysing the realities of women in African cultures. Womanism is premised on the view that African women need an Afrocentric theory that can adequately deal with their specific struggles. Drawing from ideas that have been developed by womanist scholars, this article critically interrogates the portrayal of women in Cynthia Jele’s Happiness is a four-letter word (2010), with particular focus on the choices that they make in love relationships, marriage and motherhood. My argument is that Jele’s text affirms the womanist view that African women exist within a specific cultural context that shapes their needs, aspirations and choices in a different way.

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Thomas, Linda E. "Womanist Approaches to the Therīgātha and the Therīgātha’s Influence on Womanism." Buddhist-Christian Studies 36, no. 1 (2016): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcs.2016.0004.

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Moore, Jeania Ree V. "African American Quilting and the Art of Being Human: Theological Aesthetics and Womanist Theological Anthropology." Anglican Theological Review 98, no. 3 (June 2016): 457–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000332861609800302.

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In her collection In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens: Womanist Prose (1983), Alice Walker explores how African American women preserved and passed down a heritage of creativity and beauty in spite of brutality. I argue in this essay that African American quilting forms a revelatory subject for the womanist project taken up by theologians. As both symbol for and implementation of the creative practice Walker heralds, quilting unearths aesthetics as vital to being human. Theologically rendered, quilting unfolds theological aesthetics for and with womanist theological anthropology. Theologically engaging historical, literary, and personal narrative, I show how womanism and quilting enrich theological conceptions of aesthetics and personhood.

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17

Huang, Zhi. "Toward Buddhist Womanism: Tonglen Practice in The Color Purple." Religions 13, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13070660.

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Tonglen is a Tibetan Buddhist practice that aims at developing the practitioner’s bodhicitta. In this article, I argue that it not only finds expression in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple through the protagonist Celie, but adds more complexity to the womanist philosophy for which Walker has been ensconced in positions of influence. More specifically, Celie follows an implied Buddhist practice of tonglen; in the process of “taking in and sending out”, her bodhicitta has been generated and cultivated. Underlying her tonglen practice is Buddhist womanism demonstrating how African American women can survive the social oppression and injustice by way of acknowledging their own terrible afflictions, empathizing with those enduring intense suffering, male and female, extending their loving kindness, comprehending the absence of intrinsic entity and the principle of dependent origination, etc. In addition, the article suggests that the fight for the survival of the oppressed is a type of Buddhist practice in Walker’s Buddhist womanism.

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Malotra-Gaudet, Lauren. "A critical look at the terms feminism, Feminism, and womanism and the applicability, or not, of each in conversation with Toni Morrison’s First and Last Novels The Bluest Eye and Home." Journal of Student Research 4, no. 2 (June 3, 2015): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v4i2.235.

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For the purpose of this paper lower-case-f feminism is used as the umbrella term for the organized activity in support of women's rights and interests founded in the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. Hegemonic Feminism, aka Radical Feminism, has historically left out women who face issues alongside oppression based on gender, namely women of colour. Capital-F Feminism represents this hegemonic Feminism. Alice Walker’s womanism creates a type of feminism specifically for black women and women of colour. In this paper I explore and contrast three different types of feminism, hegemonic “Feminism” and “womanism”, to show how Toni Morrison’s first and last novels The Bluest Eye and Home are definitely womanist texts but are not necessarily considered feminist under the constraints of hegemonic Feminism. I look at the differences between the three terms to show how these novels can and do slip through the cracks and are not labeled as “feminist” texts because they do not comply with “Feminism.” Through plot and character examples I show how these novels are womanist, and because of that they are not able to be considered examples of Feminist texts and are therefore not regarded as canonical Feminist literature, though they do exemplify feminist principles, themes and ideals.

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Deyab, Mohammad. "Womanism: Definition and History." مجلة جامعة مصر للدراسات الإنسانية 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2022): 288–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjoms.2022.235010.

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Miguda, Edith. "A VIEW FROM WOMANISM." Australian Feminist Studies 25, no. 66 (December 2010): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2010.520683.

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Maparyan, Layli. "Africanity, Womanism, and Constructive Resilience." Journal of Bahá’í Studies 30, no. 3 (May 19, 2021): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31581/jbs-30.3.318(2020).

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According to the Bahá’í Writings, the Black people of the world can be compared to the pupil of the eye, through which “the light of the spirit shineth forth.” We are “dark in countenance,” yet “bright in character,” potentially the “fount of light and the revealer of the contingent world” (‘Abdu’l-Bahá, Selections 78:1). According to ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, “the blackness of the pupil of the eye is due to its absorbing the rays of the sun” (Some Answered Questions 49:5). Shoghi Effendi, quoting ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, recalls that...

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Maparyan, Layli. "Womanism and Black Women’s Health." Meridians 16, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/meridians.16.2.13.

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El-Shennawy, Marwa Mahmoud Mohamed El-Shennawy. "Alice Walker's Womanism VS Feminism." CDELT Occasional Papers in the Development of English Education 67, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 374–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/opde.2019.133842.

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Hill, Dominique C., and Durell M. Callier. "Surviving (Black) Together." Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 9, no. 2 (2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2020.9.2.53.

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How do Black feminism and womanism foster interconnectedness to one another and the sacred? What knowledges manifest through collective practices of wondering and wandering together? This essay provides reflections on our own engagements with creative-relational inquiry, manifested through our collective practice, Hill L. Waters, a scholar–artist collective rooted in love, Black queer resistance, and art as activism. Organized around and through three corresponding moments, this poetic essay embodies creative-relational inquiry and narrates our process of collectivity. Ultimately, this essay demonstrates how collectivity as a writing practice, political commitment, and identity translates Black feminist and womanist theory into praxis.

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Wang, Xiaoying, and Yiran Shen. "Patched quilt: the thematic pattern in Alice Walker’s womanist writings." Chinese Semiotic Studies 18, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 297–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/css-2022-2063.

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Abstract The womanist thinking initiated by Alice Walker not only represents her philosophical stance, but also imbues her literary writings with womanist characteristics. The pursuit of “the survival and wholeness of entire people” is the essence of Walker’s womanism, which permeates all of her writings so that her literary production demonstrates a unique artistic style with aesthetic implications. The patched quilt, known as a symbol of the artistic form of Walker’s womanist writings, is featured with the achievements of a whole by means of a fragmented and patched form. It also embodies the thematic structure in Walker’s writings which is presented in a clearly outlined pattern of “fragmented–piecing–wholeness.” By exploring the themes that constitute the thematic pattern in Walker’s writings, this paper points out that the fragmented–piecing–wholeness structure of womanist themes conveys hope for those who are oppressed by sexism and racism and those who are uncertain of their own destiny. Alice Walker has succeeded in combining her ideological content with artistic forms, and her womanist writings have not only enhanced the value of the culture of American blacks, but have also enriched literary ways of expression.

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Rodgers, Selena T. "Womanism and Afrocentricity: Understanding the intersection." Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 27, no. 1-2 (December 16, 2016): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2016.1259927.

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Saidi, Umali, and Charles Pfukwa. "Editorial: Special Issue on Womanism & Culture." DANDE Journal of Social Sciences and Communication 2, no. 2 (2018): iv—v. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/dande.v2i2.44.

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Articles in this Issue celebratewomanhood, aspects that characterize it and directs our attention to gendered discourses that seek to unearth the idea that women have always fought for their rights and actively participated in various ways in the sustainable development of African societies. Articles approach the concept of ‘Womanhood’ or ‘Womanism’ in its localized and broadest sense drawing on key cultural issues on which power struggles or otherwise emanate from. They point out areas of success showing what African societies can achieve through womanhood or other cultural dynamics. As womanhood seeks to maintain an inclusive culture in African societies, some aspects of sustainable development are addressed. Drawing much from the Zimbabwean realities and the region, these articles reveal, in a subtle way, efforts by women actively participating in discourses of nationhood as well as recommending in considerable ways how on one hand women make significant contributionsin national culture; on the other hand,aspects of healing and reconciliation are also subtlety addressed. The articles augment voices on gender discourses, culture and nation building, however, in a very unique way.

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Gaines, Rondee. "W(holy) Awareness." Journal of Communication and Religion 43, no. 3 (2020): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jcr202043317.

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In an era of #BlackLivesMatter, more attention has been given to the historically disproportionate level of state-sanctioned violence against Black men, along with the health disparities and the corresponding higher mortality rates that impact them and the Black community. In response to these socio-political inequalities brought to the forefront by the COVID-19 pandemic, protests, speeches, and rallies convened around the country. Yet, there is still a need for an intervention that creates a communal culture of sacred space for Black men. This article reports on a case study examining Jazz for Prostate Cancer Awareness, which used a womanist frame for religious health education. Womanism aims to liberate the entire being, including the mind, the body, and the soul, of Black women (and men), which works well as an intervention and an alternative to the status quo public health education strategies.

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Smith, Dianne. "Living Memories of Womanlishness/Womanish and Womanism: Finding Voice on the Heels of Thinkers and Do-ers." Educational Studies 54, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131946.2017.1391097.

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Ariesta, Fanny, and Liliana Muliastuti1. "DISKRIMINASI RAS DALAM FILM THE HELP KARYA TATE TAYLOR (Kajian Feminisme)." BAHTERA : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 2 (July 2, 2017): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/bahtera.162.04.

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AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti dan menjelaskan unsur-unsur intrinsik dandiskriminasi ras yang terdapat dalam film The Help karya Tate Taylor berdasarkan kajianfeminisme. Diskriminasi ras dikaji berdasarkan teori womanisme dari Layli Philips.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi.Temuan dalam penelilitian ini mencakup (1) unsur fiksi yakni unsur intrinsik dalam filmThe Help karya Tate Taylor meliputi penokohan, tema, alur dan latar (2) usaha-usaha yangdilakukan perempuan dalam menghadapi diskriminasi ras digambarkan dalam film TheHelp karya Tate Taylor berdasarkan unsur-unsur fiksi (3) bentuk-bentuk perilakudiskriminasi ras yang digambarkan dalam film The Help karya Tate Taylor berdasarkanunsur-unsur fiksi. Teori womanisme yang digunakan untuk mengkaji film The Help,melawan tiga bentuk penindasan yakni penindasan ras, kelas sosial dan gender. Konsep antioppressionist digunakan untuk menganalisis usaha-usaha yang dilakukan perempuan kulithitam untuk berjuang melawan penindasan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapatberguna dalam proses pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra, khususnya kajian feminismesehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik maupun pembaca dalammemahami sastra.Kata kunci : anti oppresionist,diskriminasi ras,feminisme,film,womanisme.AbstractThis research is aimed to analyze and explain intrinsic elements and racial discriminationin The Help movie by Tate Taylor based on the study of feminism. Racial discrimination isexamined based on theory of womanism by Layli Philips. This research was qaulitativeresearch which used content analysis method. The findings of this research are included (1)to describe fiction elements (intrinsic elements) in The Help movie directed by Tate Tayloras follows, character, theme, plot and setting (2) to analyze black womenâ€™s struggles whenfaced racial discrimination in The Help movie based on fiction elements (3) to reveal formsof racial discrimination in The Help movie based on fiction elements. The theory ofwomanism is used to analyze three kind of oppression as follows : racial discrimination,social class and gender in The Help movie. The concept of anti oppressionist is used toanalyze black womenâ€™s struggle in facing oppression. The result of this research is expectedto be useful in the process of learning language and literature. It especially focused on thetheory of feminism in order to improve the ability of learners and readers in understandingliterature.keywords : anti oppressionist, feminism, film, racial discrimination, womanism.

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Ross. "Katie Geneva Cannon and the Soul of Womanism." Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 35, no. 2 (2019): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jfemistudreli.35.2.22.

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Ordu, Stanley. "Womanism and Patriarchy in Chimamanda Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus." LITINFINITE JOURNAL 3, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47365/litinfinite.3.2.2021.61-73.

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Siddiqui, Abdul Wahab. "A STUDY OF ‘WOMANISM’ IN ANITA DESAI'S NOVELS." Journal of Advance Research in Science and Social Science 3, no. 1 (April 21, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46523/jarssc.03.01.08.

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Duran, Jane. "African NGO’s and Womanism: Microcredit and Self-Help." Journal of African American Studies 14, no. 2 (October 8, 2009): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12111-009-9109-2.

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Jesse Bijimi. "(Re)Examining Womanism in Phoebe Jatau’s The Hound." Creative Launcher 7, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2022.7.6.12.

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Over the years, there has been a proliferation of writing by women authors in Northern Nigeria, central to their concern, is negotiating between what culture is and is not, especially as it relates to the women folks. With literature’s overwhelming role, in its stance as the mirror of the society, is the forceps with which one can gather the customs, believes, thoughts and value systems of a people, thus; learning about how their culture(s), could make or mar them. This explains why the Northern Nigerian woman as a prototype of the African woman has her role(s) defined by history, religion and cultural practices. In light of the foregoing, this paper finds that, this phenomenon called culture (in all its social forms, material traits of a racial, religious or social group) with its cancerous fangs on the livelihood of the average African woman, has today been reconfigured by the Womanist strand of feminism to the extent its impact are both felt and visible. Thus; this paper unknots the nitty-gritties of Africans perception of womanhood by the males and how the woman also sees herself and/or expects to be seen with particular focus on Phoebe Jatau’s The Hound. By this, it shows that contemporary female writers in Northern Nigeria and Africa at large have both re-evaluated themselves and are akin to the significance of their place, thus; crushing the patriarchal hold of their individual societies on them, and in the long run, assuaging their worth as less than humans.

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Yeboah, Philomena Ama Okyeso, Confidence Gbolo Sanka, and Lucy Korkoi Bonku. "Some Womanist Inscriptions in Ebony Reigns’ Song Maame Hwɛ: A Literary Approach." kata 25, no. 1 (June 9, 2023): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/kata.25.1.16-30.

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Music is a part of life in Ghana. Studying a people’s music brings one closer to understanding them since music and reality are intertwined. Despite this reality, the contribution of popular music to national discourse has not received adequate research attention in Ghana. This paper sets out to study the lyrics of one of the songs of Ebony Reigns (Opoku-Kwarteng Priscilla), a Ghanaian musician who died few years ago. Using the womanist theory, the paper investigates how the tenets of this theory are inscribed in the song, the problems that womanism addresses in the song and their implications to the Ghanaian youth. The researchers conclude from the analysis in the paper that the youth have to use social media with caution; they need to listen to advice from the elderly in choosing life partners and the African woman needs to fight for self-expression and liberation through positive cultural means.

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Blackman Carr, Loneke T., and Jameta Nicole Barlow. "Black Feminism and Womanism: A Narrative Review of the Weight Loss Literature." Ethnicity & Disease 33, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.33.4.170.

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Objective Black Feminism and Womanism offers an interdisciplinary lens and practice to center Black women’s health, engage relevant health, and create Black women–informed solutions to address obesity. The purpose of this review article is to employ Black Feminism and Womanism to examine approaches and results of Black women–centered behavioral weight loss interventions. Methods A narrative review of Black women–centered behavioral weight loss interventions was conducted. To be included, articles met the following criteria: published between 2012 and 2022, standard behavioral treatment for weight loss, randomized design, weight loss outcomes stratified by race and gender, sample size of at least 75 individuals, adults at least 18 years of age, and at least 51% Black women in the sample. Results Eight studies met the inclusion criteria for a Black women–centered behavioral weight loss intervention and were evaluated. Findings indicate that weight loss among Black women was mostly low, below the clinical target of 5 to 10% weight loss. Intervention designs ranged widely in their approach to respond to the context of Black women’s lives, with little consistency between designs. Conclusions To make meaningful improvement in the effectiveness of behavioral weight loss interventions for Black women, new approaches are critical. Approaches grounded in Black Feminism and Womanism can provide the essential foundation to generate new knowledge, novel hypotheses, and intervention designs that fully attend to the lived context of Black women, including consideration of the potential health effects of gendered racism.

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Blair, Yvette R. "Womanish and sassy: Remembrance, retelling, and liberation of her (Matthew 26:6–13)." Review & Expositor 117, no. 1 (February 2020): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034637320904355.

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This article examines the story of the unnamed woman in Matt 26:6–13 through the lens of womanist theology and Black liberation theology. By encountering the text through the experiences of Black women, womanist theology dismantles patriarchy, unmutes the woman’s voice, liberates her, and redefines an epistemology that is healing, restorative, and transformative. Readers are invited to explore how her sass and womanish behavior were critical in her ministry of anointing and preparing Jesus for his impending burial. Jesus endorses and acts as a co-liberator in the woman’s freedom, declaring that her story would forever be remembered and retold.

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Warren-Gordon, Kiesha, and Angela Jackson-Brown. "Critical Co-Constructed Autoethnography: Reflections of a Collaborative Teaching Experience of Two Black Women in Higher Education." Journal of Black Studies 53, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219347211057445.

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Within this paper, two Black women teaching at a predominantly white institution of higher education utilize critical co-constructed autoethnography to reflect on their experiences of using a Womanist approach to co-teach two capstone courses during a global pandemic. Womanism is an epistemology focused on the experiences and concerns of Black women. Using this collaborative inquiry technique, we explore how forms of systemic racism within predominantly white institutions affects our ability to teach and grow as researcher in our specific fields. Critical co-constructed autoethnography is a methodology steeped in critical theory, critical pedagogy, and critical race theory that reflects the tempo, uncertainty, and complexity of research relationships that creates spaces for collaborating researchers to work across differences. We conclude this paper by highlighting the value of using co-constructed autoethnography as a method of articulating the voices of those who have traditionally been underrepresented in academia. This method also allows for the congruency of voices, which is a limitation within traditional autoethnography.

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Gray, Frances. "Deeper Shades of Purple: Womanism in Religion and Society." International Journal of Public Theology 3, no. 3 (2009): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973209x438319.

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Huff, Stephanie, Debbie Laliberte Rudman, Lilian Magalhães, and Erica Lawson. "‘Africana womanism’: Implications for transformative scholarship in occupational science." Journal of Occupational Science 25, no. 4 (August 9, 2018): 554–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2018.1493614.

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Yao Zhong and 이일수. "The Literary Embodiment of “Womanism” in Alice Walker’s Novels." American Fiction Studies 26, no. 3 (December 2019): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.34240/amf.2019.26.3.003.

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Tonleu, Madeleine, Annamarie De Beer, and Elisabeth Snyman. "Womanism in Crépuscule du tourment: Mélancolie by Léonora Miano." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 59, no. 2 (October 25, 2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tl.v59i2.13047.

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In this article we examine the notion of womanism as portrayed in the 2016 novel Crépuscule du tourment: Mélancolie ( Twilight of Torment: Melancholy ) by the Franco-Cameroonian author Léonora Miano . We explore how four female characters are subjected to discrimination on various levels: racial, sexist, and even linked to social divisions. We furthermore trace the religious, historical, cultural and sexual aspects of the identity crisis that each character undergoes. The tales by these four voices depicting their suffering and different defence strategies finally point to the womanism of the author herself which this article aims to discuss drawing on a range of definitions provided by scholars such as bell hooks, Molara Ogundipe-Leslie and Alice Walker. Our reading of the novel focusses on the mechanisms of resistance (exploration of homosexual relations, recourse to afrocentricity) deployed by these female characters in an environment where neither Western feminism nor activism seem to respond to the complexity of their alienation. Miano’s heroines attempt to reconstruct their identities in terms of culture, territory, the other and the “self”. Their revolt and courage to speak out constitute acts of self-determination. This emancipatory quest leads to a form of hybridity that embraces both modernity and traditional values, with its myths and customs, and which results in a reconstructed and plural identity. It also constitutes an approach by an African author that embraces both a return to the self and an openness to the outside world.

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Fakayode, Omotayo I. "Translating Black Feminism: The Case of the East and West German Versions of Buchi Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood." Revista Ártemis 27, no. 1 (July 11, 2019): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1807-8214.2019v27n1.46703.

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Feminism in Translation Studies has received a considerable amount of attention in the West, most especially in Canada from where it emanated. Also, studies in translation and Black Feminism have been carried out by scholars such as Silva-Reis and Araujo (2018) and Amissine (2015). There has, however been few studies focusing on the translation of literary texts by African feminist writers into German. This study therefore examined how Womanism in Buchi Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood was transferred into German. Against this backdrop, the two translations published during the division of Germany into two states by different political ideologies were analyzed. In doing this, Postcolonial Theory of translation as conceived by Spivak (2004) was employed. The study aimed at determining how translation mechanisms have influenced the manner in which black feminist activism is represented in a distinct socio-cultural environment. This is with the focus to indicate how Womanism is represented differently in the two German translations of the African novel.

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Ovie-Jack, Matilda Eyituoyo. "Female voice and space in Fred Agbeyegbe’s The King Must Dance Naked and Woe unto Death." Tropical Journal of Arts and Humanities 4, no. 2 (2022): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47524/tjah.v4i2.50.

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This paper is to examine the fictional expression of female voice and space as a powerful feminist mode of resistance against patriarchy, while examining such terms as feminism, womanism, voice and space as they relate to female expression of self-identity. Womanism is applied in the African context to explore the social cultural setting and female struggles in Fred Agbeyegbe‟s The King Must Dance Naked and Woe Unto Death. This paper addresses issues like discrimination, stereotyping, patriarchy, oppression, and sexual rights. This study will also make known the positive transformation of the woman‟s voice and space, such that women are not marginalized but are treated equally in all spheres of life. The African woman, like most women out there can be a full time house wife and also cope with her social and political lifestyle. The study concludes that the female personnel in the two plays under investigation are those who are able to disregard and rise above patriarchy in the African cultural space.

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Ben Zid, Mounir. "Unearthing New Dimensions of Black “Womanism”: Poetic Resistance and the Journey from Absence to Self-Representation." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.6p.12.

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Significant headway has been made in investigating white feminist monolithic strategies and exploring how black females have suffered from patriarchal ideology and stereotyping, and how they were placed in an inferior position and treated as slaves and sexual machines. In research conducted on women of color, however, little attention is paid to black females’ new vision of black “womanism” and its means of struggle. With this in mind, the aim of this study is twofold. First, the goal is to elucidate why black women were victims of white prejudice, despotism, and patriarchal practices. Second, we wish to demonstrate how black females set themselves free from racial ideology and Western hegemony by opting for poetic resistance to achieve hypervisibility, seek their own spirituality, worship their black female deities, restore the joy of their motherhood, and assert their identity. The findings yielded by this research provide support for the key argument that black "womanism" and poetic resistance are the means of self-representation and liberation from Eurocentric, dehumanizing, and exclusionary ideology to repossess one's erased self.

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Mojalefa, M. J., and M. M. Makgato. "Classification of Setswana short stories." Literator 28, no. 2 (July 30, 2007): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v28i2.163.

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The aim of this article is to reclassify Setswana short stories according to their treatment of female characters. Critics such as Ranamane have classified Setswana literary works according to year of publication, without giving any valid reasons for this type of classification. This article, focusing on the development of the characterisation of women in Setswana short stories, classifies stories based on three periods, namely the phase of womanism, the experimental phase and the phase of feminism. In the phase of womanism, the outstanding features of characterisation of females include oppression and illtreatment, discrimination and segregation, ignorance, physical violence against females and limitation of the role of women to caring for the extended family. In the experimental phase, features include liberation of a female character, freedom of the whole society, agreement on marriage and working together as a team to solve the problems of society. The phase of feminism is identified by features of characterisation of females such as eradication of oppression, the fight for equality between women and men, removal of segregation and discrimination and also change across the whole of society.

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ZIRION LANDALUZE, Iker, and Leire IDARRAGA ESPEL. "Los feminismos africanos. Las mujeres africanas “en sus propios términos”." Relaciones Internacionales, no. 27 (October 29, 2014): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2014.27.002.

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En las Relaciones Internacionales, el feminismo ha generado múltiples corrientes. Diferentes feminismos han surgido en lugares particulares y se han articulado en términos locales. Con el objetivo de visibilizar estas aportaciones desde los márgenes, los feminismos poscoloniales han desafiado las bases profundamente etnocéntricas de los feminismos occidentales, y han cuestionado su supuesta neutralidad, su carácter universalizador, y su poder de representación y de creación de identidades. En el marco de estos feminismos poscoloniales, este artículo se centra en las aportaciones teóricas de los feminismos africanos. En primer lugar, pretendemos arrojar luz sobre la heterogeneidad de los feminismos propuestos por las académicas africanas durante las últimas décadas –womanism, african womanism, stiwanism, motherism y nego-feminism, entre otros–. En segundo lugar, analizamos algunas de las características comunes a estas corrientes, entre ellas, la interseccionalidad en el análisis; la necesidad de autonombrarse y de dotarse de una agenda propia; y la reivindicación de la igualdad desde lo comunitario. Estas características pueden considerarse aportaciones importantes no solo para las mujeres africanas, en particular, sino para el feminismo, globalmente considerado.

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Bollinger, Laurel, Katie Geneva Cannon, and Barbara Omolade. "Katie's Canon: Womanism and the Soul of the Black Community." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 16, no. 2 (1997): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/464367.

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김미아. "A Re-examination of ‘Womanism’: Through Alice Walker’s Main Characters." Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature 52, no. 1 (March 2010): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18853/jjell.2010.52.1.003.

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