Dissertations / Theses: 'Women's safety'

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Sheard, Laura. "Women's use of public spaces and their safety : journeys, experiences and opinions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521529.

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Brooks, Oona. "Negotiating power, resistance and control : young women's safety in bars, pubs and clubs." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2049.

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Contemporary young women would appear to enjoy greater freedoms to consume alcohol and socialise in bars, pubs and clubs than their predecessors. However, concern about women’s level of alcohol consumption, drink spiking and drug-assisted sexual assault have contributed to a renewed focus on safety advice for young women in these social settings. This thesis examines the views, experiences and behaviours of 35 young women in relation to their safety in bars, pubs and clubs using qualitative data from interviews and focus groups with young women (18-25 years) in Scotland. Exploring the divergent claims made within feminist structural and poststructural perspectives, this thesis develops a nuanced understanding of young women’s safety in bars, pubs and clubs by drawing upon the theoretical concepts of power, resistance and social control. Constraints on women’s leisure imposed by patriarchal structures, safety concerns and notions of ‘appropriate femininity’, formed a significant focus of early feminist theorising in this area. More recently, however, poststuctural feminist theorists have highlighted the opportunities that leisure experiences may offer women for liberation by providing a means to resist conventional cultural discourses around feminine identities. To a certain extent, the findings from this study challenge the conventional construction of consuming alcohol and socialising in bars, pubs and clubs as a masculine leisure pursuit, by identifying this leisure activity as a central aspect of young women’s social lives. However, young women’s experiences and behaviours within bars, pubs and clubs remain significantly structured by gender and young women perceive the risks that they experience in these settings to have increased over time. The continuing salience of gender is evident in the way that women access bars, pubs and clubs, their safety concerns and experiences, and ultimately their behaviour within these venues. Young women’s safety concerns in this context are overwhelmingly related to the fear and reality of sexual violence, lending credence to social control theories espoused by radical feminists. These concerns and the individualising discourse embodied within safety literature results in women normalising and taking individual responsibility for preventing sexual assault. This reflects the positioning of sexual violence as an inevitable fixed reality, thus evading the need to question the behaviour of men who choose to sexually assault and harass women in bars, pubs and clubs. Safety behaviours adopted by young women in bars, pubs and clubs are complex and contradictory in that they simultaneously adopt, resist and transgress those advocated within safety literature. Since these safety behaviours are inextricably linked to normative femininity and gendered expectations of women’s behaviour in bars, pubs and clubs, they are more adequately theorised as ‘accommodating techniques’ than ‘resistant practices’. These findings pose significant difficulties for locating women’s experiences of consuming alcohol in bars, pubs and clubs within a poststructuralist framework of liberation and freedom; in some respects, it would appear that women’s behaviour within these social spaces is subject to heightened regulation and control. While poststructural theorising about power and resistance is of some assistance in illuminating the process of how safety concerns regulate women’s behaviour, alongside the possibility of resistance, understanding young women’s safety is best served by an appreciation of feminist structural perspectives which highlight the salience of gender, and in particular the power of gendered norms and taboos which continue to operate with regard to women’s sexuality. Ultimately, bars, pubs and clubs remain a social space infused with gendered expectations and risks.

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Thorgren, Andrea, and Niavarani Mona Ghasemi. "When darkness falls: Women's safety in refugee camps : A systematic literature review on the role of energy solutions for women." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Utveckling och internationellt samarbete, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45637.

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Since the end of the 1990s, the number of forcibly displaced people has increased from 33 million to 80 million at the end of 2019. The living conditions within the refugee camps have progressed beyond emergency assistance, with the main objective being to provide short-term protection in refugee camps designed for short-term stays. However, the average time spent in a refugee camp is 20 years, and refugees often lack food security and power supply to meet basic needs such as cooking or lighting. Refugee settlements are stressful and unstable environments, especially for women and girls, who are vulnerable to various sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) forms. A systematic literature review of eight peer-reviewed articles and seven semi-structured interviews are used in this study to assess the effectiveness of humanitarian energy initiatives in reducing SGBV against women in refugee camps. In this thesis, a feminist lens is used to shed more light and unlock place-based challenges to sustainable energy solutions. Our study's findings indicate that establishing a link between sexual and gender-based violence and energy is difficult, and we cannot rule out the possibility of an existing link. We assert, however, that the most effective approach to reducing SGBV among refugee women is not through energy interventions but through a combination of mixed long-term solutions that address the root causes of violence.

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Frimoth, Margaret Ruth. "Breaking silence, shifting culture| A partnership model of intentional safety for child survivors of sexual abuse." Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3560743.

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Nestled into an isolated, rural community along the Pacific Northwest Oregon coastline, the first Victory Over Child Abuse (VOCA) Camp for girls was held in 1988. Four years later, VOCA Camp for boys was initiated. The two separate camps provide intentionally safe camp environments for child survivors of sexual abuse. The VOCA Camp program continues annually.

The VOCA Camp story disrupts the belief that humans are innately violent and presents the camp program as a working model of partnership, directly linked to Riane Eisler's Cultural Transformation Theory.

This dissertation weaves feminist ethnographical analysis with Eisler's description of four cornerstones necessary for cultural transformation to occur. Public and archival documentation, personal reflections, past participant statements, camp stories are used to illustrate the camp's culture and to tell the unique story of the camp program as a working model of partnership. As such, this dissertation portrays the VOCA Camp story as a step toward the elimination of child sexual abuse.

This research is significant because it acknowledges that cultures, organizations, and families that orient toward systems of partnership are more apt to manifest environments where the abuse of children is reduced and potentially eliminated.

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Gerald, Clearlight. "Strategic responses to the geographical problems of women's fear, a case study of Concordia University's student safety patrol." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/MQ47782.pdf.

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Shivdas, Meena M. "Resisting stigma and interventions : situating trafficked Nepali women's struggles for self-respect, safety and security in Mumbai and Nepal." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401987.

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Huffman, Debra Kay 1952. "Fear in the landscape: Characteristics of the designed environment as they relate to the perceived and actual safety of women from assault and rape." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278604.

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Research has shown that women perceive, use, and experience space differently than men, in part, because of gender issues and fear of victimization for violent crimes. Recent research has focused on the built environment, violence against women, and the social context of a university. The research study described here investigated women's perception of and actual safety from assault and rape on The University of Arizona campus. Sites perceived as safe and unsafe were identified from responses of 100 women students and administrators. Police reports of 132 campus assaults of women were used to identify sites of past rapes and assaults. Two outdoor sites were assessed in a preliminary study of two environmental audit methods. Findings from this study indicated that respondents perceived the campus as being very safe during the day but unsafe at night. Sites of previous assaults on women overlapped little with the areas women associated with fear.

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Ravn, Ferma. "Women's perspectives of safety in supportive housing on Vancouver's Downtown Eastside and Downtown Core : "this is high emotion here. You're dealing with life here"." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54602.

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This qualitative research project sought to explore women’s perspectives of safety in supportive housing within Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside (DTES) and Downtown Core (DC). Feminist participatory action research and intersectionality theory were utilized as a research framework. Ten participants, most of who were Aboriginal, were recruited for this project and focus groups and interviews were used for data collection. Five themes were identified using open coding. The first theme focuses on how intersecting stigmas impacted participants’ experiences and perspectives of safety within supportive housing. The second centers on how experiences of trauma informed some women’s housing decisions. The third theme portrays how the location of supportive housing was key to participants’ feelings of safety in their housing and surrounding neighborhoods. The fourth shows that participants viewed safety largely as security measures that were respectful of tenants’ rights to privacy and independence. The fifth theme reveals that pervasive problems in supportive housing put participants at everyday risk. These pervasive problems were identified by participants as being bedbug infestations, dangers associated with sharing bathrooms, social conflict, and negligence from staff and management. The findings of this research project suggest that women’s perspectives of safety were informed by their interlocking social locations, as well as their unique life experiences. This resulted in women having a range of views on what created safety in supportive housing. The findings also indicate that a significant portion of supportive housing stock is substandard in the DTES and DC, especially those that are single room occupancy (SRO) hotels, putting women at risk on an ongoing basis.
Arts, Faculty of
Social Work, School of
Graduate

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Padilla, Herrera Andrea Michelle. "Rural Women's Empowerment Through the Bono de Desarrollo Humano in Loja, Ecuador." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1585909837570404.

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Schwartz, Jana E. "The Impact of Cargo Bikes on the Travel Patterns of Women." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1584.

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There are a number of issues preventing the rollout of cargo bikes as a transportation mode in the United States. One concern that has been raised is whether cargo bikes can function as a gender equitable transportation solution in the United States, given documented gender gaps in national bike riding statistics and ongoing inequities in childcare in 2-parent heterosexual households. The research is aimed at reviewing the practicality, enjoyment, and outcome of cargo bike use as a gender equitable transportation solution. This research contributes to new knowledge in gender equitable transportation in 2 ways — a) gender-focused analysis of survey data regarding cargo bikes use; b) extended open-ended interviews with mothers with cargo bikes. Qualitative and quantitative data from surveys and interviews explore the influence of cargo bikes on transportation patterns and follow how behavior, attitude, spatial context, and perception varies between riders. Specific attention is given to the use of cargo bikes by women with children, as this demographic represents a minority group in the bicycle community and a group who could benefit most from the capabilities of a cargo bike design. Research shows, mothers spend more hours a day around their children and take part in more child-related activities. Therefore, the comfort and feasibility of the cargo bike for women with children becomes the topic of exploration to determine whether this mode type is a functional substitution for trips usually made by an automobile. Through the collection of a nation-wide survey of cargo bike riders and in-person interviews with mothers in San Luis Obispo, CA who currently use a cargo bike to transport their children and goods, the research assesses the travel patterns of women and the emotional and physical benefits cargo bikes can provide to this specific demographic. Results show that benefits of cargo bike use include boding opportunities with children and a more enjoyable commute, while barriers to use include ill-performing bicycle infrastructure and time allocation for trips made by the cargo bike, in comparison to the automobile. Mode substitution behavior from the automobile to the cargo bike is geographically and culturally specific, but as results from both parts of the study show, women are receptive to cargo bike use and demonstrate a powerful demographic that has the potential to influence the travel patterns of current and future commuters to shift away from automobile dependency.

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Cruz, Serena. "In Search of Safety, Negotiating Everyday Forms of Risk: Sex Work, Criminalization, and HIV/AIDS in the Slums of Kampala." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2293.

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This dissertation offers an in-depth descriptive account of how women manage daily risks associated with sex work, criminalization, and HIV/AIDS. Primary data collection took place within two slums in Kampala, Uganda over the course of fourteen months. The emphasis was on ethnographic methodologies involving participant observation and informal and unstructured interviewing. Insights then informed document analysis of international and national policies concerning HIV prevention and treatment strategies in the context of Uganda. The dissertation finds social networks and social capital provide the basis for community formation in the sex trade. It holds that these interpersonal processes are necessary components for how women manage daily risks associated with sex work and criminalization. However, the dissertation also finds that women’s social connections can undermine the strategies they need to manage their HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment. This is because current HIV/AIDS policies prioritize individual behavioral change practices that undermine the complex interpersonal activities developed by women to stay alive. In response, this dissertation concludes that social networks are fundamental to the formation of sex work communities and to the survival of women in the sex trade and should be considered in future HIV policies and programs intending to intervene in the HIV epidemic of female commercial sex workers in Kampala, Uganda.

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Salgado, Heloisa de Oliveira. "Cuidado materno livre de danos e prevalência de depressão pós-parto: inquérito \'Nascer no Brasil\', Região Sudeste, 2011 e 2012." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-02082017-173259/.

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Introdução: No Brasil, a elevada taxa de cesárea, o uso excessivo e rotineiro de intervenções no parto vaginal, as taxas elevadas de morbimortalidade materna e a inobservância de direitos básicos das mulheres são pontos críticos da assistência obstétrica. No plano internacional, as evidências de que a assistência pode causar danos promoveu o movimento pela segurança da paciente, com a criação de estratégia inovadora para a promoção do cuidado livre de danos (harm free care). Este compreende o dano a partir da perspectiva da paciente, medido por meio de termômetros de segurança. Objetivos: Verificar a frequência, e fatores associados, de danos causados pela assistência às puérperas e aos recém-nascidos do Sudeste brasileiro durante e após o parto, e a associação destes danos com sintomas de depressão pós-parto (DPP) entre 2011 e 2012. Método: A partir do Nascer no Brasil: Inquérito Nacional sobre Parto e Nascimento, verificou-se a frequência dos cinco danos previstos no Termômetro de Segurança da Maternidade (TSM), utilizado neste estudo como referência. Também se verificou a prevalência de DPP nas puérperas da Região Sudeste do Brasil (n=10.155), com até um ano de pós-parto, utilizando-se a Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo (EPDS). Resultados: Entre os danos, separação mãe-bebê, cesarianas e traumas perineais foram aqueles que apresentaram maior frequência (69,5 por cento , 52,6 por cento e 37,5 por cento , respectivamente). Relatos de desrespeito, abuso e maus-tratos foram observados em 44,6 por cento das mulheres. O cuidado livre de dano correspondeu a 2 por cento . Ter sofrido uma cesariana dobrou a chance de ter um dano (OR:2,21; IC95 por cento 1,20 - 4,07), e quadruplicou a chance de ter dois ou mais danos (OR:4,08; IC95 por cento 2,27 - 7,32). A prevalência de casos prováveis de DPP foi de 25,8 por cento . Entre os fatores de risco associados, identificaram-se fonte de pagamento pública (OR=1,80; IC95 por cento 1,44 - 2,23); ensino fundamental incompleto ou completo (OR:1,64; IC95 por cento 1,37 - 1,96); ser das classes C, D ou E (OR:1,24; IC95 por cento 1,02 - 1,50); fumar durante a gestação (OR:1,62; IC95 por cento 1,20 - 2,18); não desejar engravidar naquele momento (OR:1,52; IC95 por cento 1,22 - 1,90); ter tido uma ou duas (OR:1,55; IC95 por cento 1,24 - 1,94) e três ou mais gestações anteriores (OR:2,10; IC95 por cento 1,52 - 2,90); referir a experiência do parto como regular, ruim ou péssima (OR:1,47; IC95 por cento 1,12 - 1,93) e ter sofrido três danos no TSM (OR:1,35; IC95 por cento 1,12 - 1,62) e quatro ou mais danos (OR:2,81; IC95 por cento 1,90 - 4,16). Conclusão: A assistência ao parto, na Região Sudeste do Brasil, promove alta frequência de danos evitáveis, tratando-se de importante problema de saúde pública. O cuidado livre de dano é exceção no Brasil (2 por cento ). Fatores socioeconômicos estão associados à DPP, assim como fatores relacionados à assistência ao parto, especialmente quando ocorridos em hospital público. Fatores de risco que indicam vulnerabilidade individual ou que estão relacionados a paridade também se mostraram associados
Introduction: In Brazil, the high rates of cesarean section, the excessive and routine use of interventions in labor, the high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality, and the non-observance of basic human rights are critical points of obstetric care. At the international level, however, evidence that assistance can cause harm has given rise to a patient safety movement, which in turn has led to an innovative strategy being created to promote harm free care, based on the understanding of harm from the patients perspective and on \"safety thermometers\". Objectives: To verify the frequency and the associated factors of harm caused by care, to southeastern Brazilian postpartum women and their newborns during and after childbirth, and the association of these harms with symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD) between 2011 and 2012. Method: This study searched the Born in Brazil Survey database for the five harms under the Maternity Safety Thermometer (MST), which was used as a reference. The prevalence of PPD in postpartum women in the southeastern region of Brazil (n = 10,155) was also verified, up until one year postpartum, using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Results: Among all harms, mother-baby separation, cesarean sections, and trauma to the perineum ranked highest in frequency (69.5 per cent , 52.6 per cent , and 37.5 per cent , respectively). Reports of disrespect, abuse and mistreatment (DAMT) were observed in 44.6 per cent . Harm-free care totaled less than 2 per cent . Having a cesarean section doubled the chance of a harm (OR: 2.21, 95 per cent CI 1.20 - 4.07), and quadrupled the chance of two or more harms (OR: 4.08; 95 per cent CI 2.27-7.32). The prevalence of probable cases of PPD was 25.8 per cent . Among the associated risk factors, this study found: public payment sources (OR = 1.80, 95 per cent CI 1.44-2.23); incomplete or incomplete elementary schooling (OR: 1.64; 95 per cent CI 1.37-1.96); lower income brackets (C, D, or E) (OR: 1.24, IC95 per cent 1.02 - 1.50); smoking during pregnancy (OR: 1.62; 95 per cent CI: 1.20 - 2.18); not wanting to become pregnant (OR: 1.52; 95 per cent CI 1.22-1.90); having one or two (OR: 1.55, 95 per cent CI 1.24-1.94) or three or more previous pregnancies (OR: 2.10; 95 per cent CI 1.52-2.90); considering the birth experience fair, bad or very bad (OR: 1.47, 95 per cent CI 1.12-1.93), having suffered three MST-listed harms (OR: 1.35, 95 per cent CI, 1.12-1, 62), and having suffered four or more harms (OR: 2.81; 95 per cent CI: 1.90 - 4.16). Conclusion: Childbirth care in the southeastern Brazil, the most developed region in the country, is marked by a high frequency of preventable damages, which translates as a significant public health problem. Harm free care is an exception in Brazil (2 per cent ). Socioeconomic factors are associated with PPD, as well as factors related to childbirth care, especially when birth takes place in a public hospital. Risk factors that indicate individual vulnerability or risk factor related to parity are also associated

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Guessoum-Benderbouz, Yasmine. "Planning for womens safety in the city centre." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243670.

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Maxfield, Mary. "The Safety Net: Troubling Safe Space as a Social Justice Aim." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1460105175.

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Gibbs, Haley. "Preventable Illness: the Costs of Catheter-associated UTI in Modern Healthcare." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1406.

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Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are not uncommon in healthcare facilities. They are usually prevented by sanitation techniques and by maintaining a high standard of care. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) make up a large percentage of hospital-acquired infections and are often the most preventable type of HAI. Patterns in infection rate could provide new ideas on prevention techniques, which might further reduce infection rate, saving lives and cutting costs. CAUTI infection rate was measured from January KJIY to September KJIL and was differentiated based on hospital ward as well as month and season. Overall, ICU units tended to have a higher CAUTI infection rate than ward units, particularly in January, February, April, and May. The CAUTI infection rate was highest in the ICU units during spring and May, and lowest during fall and October. In the ward units, the CAUTI infection rate was highest during summer and March, and lowest during winter and February.

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Bergdahl, Lina. "Women’s Perceived Safety on Public Transport Journeys : A Qualitative Study." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260324.

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Women feel more fear than men in public space and when using public transport. This is an inequality in our society which limits women’s mobility and access to public goods. This study aims to qualitatively explore how women experience their public transport trips from a perceived safety perspective in a study of Gullmarsplan. Which elements women focus on during the trips and what they perceive as unsafe was explored, as well as what behaviors and strategies women use to manage their fear of crime. This was explored by first collecting travel diaries using a whole journey approach and then by narrowing the study down to performing walk-alongs in the walking environment at Gullmarsplan. The study found that women focus mostly on the social environment and that their reflections on the physical environment usually are related to perceived indicators of social incivilities and risk of victimization. Gullmarsplan was generally perceived as quite safe during the day but during evenings and nights most women avoided certain places which usually were secluded, difficult to survey or were perceived to attract dangerous others. Defensive adaptation strategies, mainly avoidance strategies and vigilance, were found to be the most commonly used safety strategies by women. Women’s fear of crime likely cannot be completely designed away in the physical environment but will require structural changes that promote gender equality in our society. With that noted, it is important that urban planners and designers are aware of how the physical environment affects women’s perceived safety. This study found that principles of CPTED generally made women feel safer, particularly important were good lighting and natural surveillance. Green spaces such as parks were found to often be avoided by women after dark. The geographical location and use of safety principles such as CPTED is thus especially important at such locations. Urban planners and designers have the power to shape public spaces that are accessible and safe. Public policies and design that promote equality in access to and use of public space is a feature of a more just democratic society.

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Hughson, E. Anne. "Women & abuse, their meaning of safety." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq21581.pdf.

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Rhodes, Stephanie Marie. "The Environmental Design Barrier:Gendered Perceptions of Safety on The Ohio State University Campus." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555323315548223.

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Monahan, Genevieve Louise. "Cultural knowledge of women in the construction industry related to occupational health and safety." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276752.

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The following study identifies and describes the cultural knowledge of women working in the construction industry regarding occupational health and safety. Data was gathered on 6 female construction workers, using the techniques of participant observation and the ethnographic interview. Results of the field observation and the interviews revealed that the women had a high level of knowledge of many work place hazards. They were also aware of kinds of accidents and injuries and a number of ways of cutting down on the hazards. Less was known about chronic, progressive, as opposed to acute injury. Despite their belief that most accidents were preventable, the women described a variety of reasons for not taking precautions. The major reasons given involved peer pressure and lack of time.

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Strong, Via. "Femininitiy and sexual well-being| Pleasure, authenticity, and safety across the female lifespan." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3733636.

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Traditional femininity is a construct that impacts women throughout their development and manifests through inauthenticity in relationships, self-objectification and inauthentic sexuality. Traditional femininity has been associated with greater depression, body shame, dissociation, and negative sexual outcomes. Traits of traditionally defined femininity can impede women’s ability to assert their sexual wants and needs and can increase the likelihood of negative health outcomes and negative psychological consequences, all of which impact relationship satisfaction and sexual well-being. To date, the majority of research in this area has focused on adolescent and college aged women. The current study addressed the gap in existing research by focusing on women in their 30s (n=146) and women in their 60s ( n=81). The study assessed their level of traditional femininity ideology (TFI) and exploring whether their degree of TFI impacted their sexual well-being. The study took a quantitative approach and 230 participants were recruited through the internet to complete the studies survey. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the two age cohorts on a measure of inauthenticity in relationships. Participants in their 30s were found to engage in greater self-objectification than the 60s cohort, and the study found that women in their 30s enjoyed sexualized attention to a greater degree than did the women in their 60s. Although the study had hypothesized that there would be a relationship between the participants’ level of TFI and their sexual well-being, no relationship was found. Implications for future research and application for clinical practice are discussed.

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Pence, Ellen. "Safety for battered women in a textually mediated legal system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ28298.pdf.

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Lee, Euijung. "Safety practices of older women in three Korean apartment complexes." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05092009-040414/.

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Choi, Yoon Joon. "DETERMINANTS OF CLERGY BEHAVIORS PROMOTING SAFETY OF BATTERED KOREAN IMMIGRANT WOMEN." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2352.

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Studies have shown that not only are clergy members the first persons from whom battered women seek help, but also a great number of clergy counsel battered women every year (Martin, 1989; Rotunda, Williamson, & Penfold, 2004). The role of the church and clergy are especially critical for the Korean immigrant community in the U.S. because Korean immigrants greatly underutilize existing services and rely heavily on their respective churches for assistance with various issues, including domestic violence (Boodman, 2007; Kim, 1997). Korean churches and clergy members have the potential to be active partners in providing intervention services and to serve as a major force for preventing domestic violence, yet there is no study that directly examines Korean clergy’s responses to domestic violence in their congregations and the factors related to their responses. Recognizing this gap in knowledge, this study was designed to examine how patriarchal, religious, and cultural values of Korean clergy members affect their responses to domestic violence in their congregations. Based on the radical feminist theory and intersectionality theory, it was hypothesized that younger clergy, clergy that have lived longer in the U.S., clergy with more pastoral counseling education, clergy with less religious fundamentalist beliefs, clergy with more egalitarian gender role attitudes, and clergy who do not adhere strongly to Korean cultural values will indicate more behaviors that promote safety of Korean battered women. A cross-sectional survey design utilizing mixed methods was used in this study with data collection through mail and online surveys. The sample was drawn from the Korean Business Directory (The Korea Times Washington D.C., 2010) that includes mailing addresses and phone numbers of 388 Korean American churches in Virginia and Maryland. A total of 152 Korean American ministers participated in this study by completing and returning a self-administered mail survey or accessing a web-based survey, yielding a 40.5% return rate. Results from both quantitative and qualitative analyses indicated that many Korean American clergy are torn between safety of battered women and sacredness of marriage in responding to domestic violence cases in their church. They first try to work toward reconciliation of couples through couples counseling and marriage enrichment seminars, and when this effort is not successful, then they refer to other resources such as domestic violence programs and therapists. Younger Korean American ministers, ministers who have lived in the U.S. longer, and ministers who adhere to Korean cultural values less were more likely to endorse behaviors that promote safety of Korean battered women. Religious fundamentalist beliefs, pastoral counseling education, and gender role attitudes did not account for a significant amount of variance associated with Korean clergy responses to domestic violence. Many Korean American clergy considered themselves as important figures who are best suited to deal with cases of domestic violence in their churches and recognized the need to work and build collaborative relationships with other professionals. Only small number of Korean American clergy felt well prepared to deal with domestic violence cases; however, they are willing to attend training on domestic violence, and many of them stressed the importance of clergy training on domestic violence in ensuring safety of battered women. Implications for social work practice and research are discussed.

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Johnson, Susan Penny. "Child welfare and domestic abuse the intersection of safety and accountability /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Family and Child Ecology, 2006.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 227-240). Also issued in print.

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Washburn, Alex. ""Safe, Sound, and Sexy": Community-Based Women's Health Programming." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/590.

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Comprehensive sex education is a determinant of sexual health outcomes and healthy sexual/reproductive behaviors. The need for engaging, accessible, inclusive sex education conducted by community health workers is necessary to combat larger national issues such as the rising rates of sexually transmitted infections. After conducting summer research where I interviewed health educators about what makes health education programs successful, I planned, implemented, and created a sex education program at Scripps College. The event covered the topics of female anatomy, sexually transmitted infections, safer sex/barrier methods, and consent/communication in sexual relationships. The presentation mainly consisted of a PowerPoint that was supplemented with an interactive activity, a raffle and giveaway items, demonstrations of various barrier methods, and a question-and-answer session at the end. Through an evaluative survey, I received an overwhelming amount of positive feedback that indicated that many students learned new information and were likely to make concrete changes to their sexual/reproductive choices because of the program. The most common critical feedback requested that this program be repeated in more depth and cover additional topics such as conception and female orgasm.

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Loureiro, Cardoso Victória. "Light, visibility and perceived safety: a case study on how light levels and light distribution are related to women’s perceived safety in the urban environment of Stockholm city." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297954.

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This thesis investigates the relationship between light, visibility and women’s perceived safety through a case study. Specifically, it investigates visibility related to light levels and light distribution at four bus stops in urban areas of Stockholm, Sweden. The methodology is divided into Literature review and Case study. The first provides an overview on theories related to visibility, light and perceived safety in the urban environment. Then, the Case study presents an investigation through Qualitative and Quantitative research. The Qualitative research is divided into three steps: (1) firstly, four bus stops are selected in urban areas through the Light Zones concept tool [12] and analyzed by the author through the V/P Theory [11]; (2) then, the relationship between light, visibility and women’s safety perception is evaluated through an online form; (3) and finally, this relationship is further investigated during on-site interviews in order to explore how light distribution affect women’s perception. During the Quantitative research, Luminance and Illuminance measurements are developed in order to assess light levels and light distribution at the area of the four bus stops. From the results of all methodology steps, the relationship between light, visibility and women’s perceived safety was discussed and three main factors were assessed to be important to women’s perceived safety at bus stop areas. The first factor is connected to light distribution, and this thesis understood that women’s perceived safety is connected to light on their immediate surroundings, rather than on further distances. The second factor is connected to light levels, and it was concluded that higher light levels on immediate surroundings increase visibility thus, increasing safety perception. The third factor is connected to the experienced light, in which this thesis recognized that previous experiences and contexts related to light influence how women perceive safety in urban spaces.

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Wong, Yuen-ha, and 黃婉霞. "Women survivors of intimate partner violence: reducing depressive symptoms and promoting safety behaviours." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46425172.

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Ferguson, Cynthia Tara. "Interpersonal Safety of Active Duty Women in the Deployed Environment of Bagram Afghanistan." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/261.

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In the United States Armed Forces, 30% of women in the military suffer physical assault each year; in 2009, there were 22 reported cases of sexual assault in the U.S. Central Command. Aggravated assault, gang violence, sexual assault, homicide, and suicide can damage the morale of military personnel at a deployed site and collectively cost millions of dollars over time. Interpersonal violence in the United States military is destructive to the military system and directly diminishes mission readiness. This study was designed to illuminate the environmental, cultural, and political influences that affect interpersonal safety among military women in the deployed environment of Afghanistan with the goal of discovering mechanisms to improve interpersonal safety for that population. Grounded theory was used to analyze data obtained from U.S. military women in Bagram, Afghanistan and their environment concerning interpersonal safety. This information was used to generate a relational social theory based on themes, patterns, and relationships; the theory of US Military Interpersonal Safety, Violence Prevention, and Response. This theory is intended to improve interpersonal safety as well as prevent and counter violence in the deployed setting. Applying this theory is expected to promote better assessment, development, implementation, and evaluation of violence prevention and response healthcare programs meant to mitigate violence and assist military members who have been victims of violence. This study promotes positive social change by identifying precursors of interpersonal violence in a deployed environment and creating a strong foundation for understanding how to prevent interpersonal violence and create response programs to address this issue.

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Gattoc, Leda, Paula M. Frew, Shontell N. Thomas, Kirk A. Easley, Laura Ward, H.-H. Sherry Chow, Chiemi A. Ura, and Lisa Flowers. "Phase I dose-escalation trial of intravaginal curcumin in women for cervical dysplasia." DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622729.

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Background: This is a Phase I trial demonstrating safety and tolerability of intravaginal curcumin for future use in women with cervical neoplasia. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravaginal curcumin in healthy women. Study design: We conducted a 3+3 dose-escalation Phase I trial in a group of women aged 18-45 years. Thirteen subjects were given one of four doses of curcumin powder (500 mg, 1,000 mg, 1,500 mg, and 2,000 mg) packed in gelatin capsules, which was administered intra-vaginally daily for 14 days. The primary end point for this study was safety based on severe adverse events regarding laboratory toxicity, clinical findings, and colposcopic abnormalities. We administered an acceptability questionnaire to assess product experience and attributes. Results: No dose-limiting toxicities (0/13) were experienced (95% confidence interval: 0.0%-22.8%) in this study. The pharmacokinetics data demonstrated that curcumin and curcumin conjugates were not measurable in the serum and negligible in the urine of the study participants. Although 23 adverse events occurred during the course of the trial, all events were grade I based on the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0 and were resolved by the end of the study in an average of 9 days. Fifty-six percent of the adverse events were related to the study drug, which included genital pruritus (23% of subjects), vaginal discharge (100%), vaginal dryness (15%), abnormal prothrombin (23%), and hypokalemia (8%). Conclusion: Intravaginal curcumin was well tolerated by all subjects and safe. In this Phase I trial, there were no severe adverse events observed at any of the administered dose levels. All adverse events were grade I and did not result in early termination of the study. There was no evidence of systemic absorption or significant local absorption of intravaginally administered curcumin.

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Raymond, Meghan. "A phenomenological exploration of women's safe sex experiences in committed relationships." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289186.

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The purpose of this qualitative dissertation was to describe the experience of safe sex via consistent condom use for unmarried, young women involved in committed, long-term relationships. A phenomenological research approach was utilized throughout the study. The intent of phenomenological research is to describe and understand human experience. Phenomenology accomplishes this goal through a process of revealing the fundamental, defining structures of experience, called "essences." Essences are the invariant, shared elements of phenomena that are similar or common to anyone with that experience. Twelve women (M age = 20.6 years; M length of relationship = 19.3 months) recruited from a large, Southwestern university participated in semi-structured, individual, one-hour interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed word for word. Transcripts were submitted to an adaptation of Giorgi's (1985, 1997) phenomenological data analysis procedure. Analysis revealed four essences that defined the experience of consistent condom use within the context of long-term, committed relationships: self-protection, an unwavering internal standard, personal responsibility, and relational support. (1) Participants maintained a conscious awareness of the need to protect themselves against the perceived, realistic threats of both pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. (2) Participants' internal standard to practice safe sex was formed independently and prior to meeting their current partners. Practicing consistent condom use was a resolute and integral facet of being sexually active, such that the decision to practice safe sex within their relationships was not regarded as optional. (3) In addition, participants believed that they alone were ultimately responsible for their own health, and the majority expressed this responsibility through dual method contraceptive use (i.e., condoms and the birth control pill). (4) Characteristics of partners (e.g., supporting participants' decision to use condoms, absence of complaints about condom use) and of the relationship itself (e.g., open communication) made the practice of safe sex easier for participants. Finally, neither participants nor their partners interpreted condom use in the relationship as a sign of infidelity. Results were discussed in the context of existing research on the intrapersonal and interpersonal influences on safe sex behavior, as well as with respect to feminist literature on female sexuality.

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Nyarambi, Dumisa M. "Shared Decision-Making for Contraceptive Counseling Among Women Seeking Services at Safety Net Clinics in South Carolina and Alabama." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3958.

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Shared decision-making (SDM) for contraceptive counseling and method initiation is a hallmark of patient-centered care; SDM is associated with patient satisfaction, method continuation, and the prevention of pregnancy and short inter-pregnancy intervals. To achieve a high-quality experience for women Person-centered approach to counseling is the preferred approach to achieve SDM. Demographic factors and women’s perceptions of their providers have been linked to decision-making. Literature is lacking on SDM practices in safety net clinics, particularly in local health departments. Exploring these constructs is important to inform practices and policies for family planning. This research aimed to examine: 1) the influence of sociodemographic factors on SDM; 2) the influence of SDM on contraceptive method choice; and 3) the effect that women’s perceptions of their providers might have on SDM and associated contraceptive method choice, among non-white women in South Carolina and Alabama. Secondary data were from a longitudinal study that surveyed women of reproductive age (16 to 44 years) from the two states. The data used for this research were collected from non-white women between October 2018 and September 2020 as part of a larger evaluation effort. Bivariate and multinomial analyses were conducted to assess associations and relationships. In Study 1, significant differences in SDM were observed for income and age, with younger women and lower income women having increased odds of engaging in SDM compared to older and higher income counterparts. In Study 2, multinomial analysis indicated that, compared to those who maintained autonomy over their decision, those whose decisions were shared and provider-driven had higher odds of choosing a short-acting method over a less effective method (OR = 1.608 and OR = 2.314, respectively). In Study 3, associations between SDM and women’s perceptions of providers were observed. Compared to those who maintained decision-making autonomy and had positive perceptions of providers, those who engaged in SDM and those whose decisions were least autonomous were more likely to choose a short-acting method over other, less effective contraceptive methods. There is need to further examine whether SDM is underutilized in these settings.

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Davis, Catherine Margaret. "An investigation into Housing Association responses towards women who have become homeless because of domestic violence." Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10905/.

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Zheng, Carine. "Efficacy and Safety of Bisphosphonates for Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38849.

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Fragility fractures caused by loss of bone mass due to postmenopausal osteoporosis represent a growing morbidity worldwide. Bisphosphonates are first-line medications for fracture treatment and prevention. In the first phase, we updated a Cochrane systematic review of randomized controlled trials on alendronate, assessing its efficacy for five types of fracture prevention, quality of life, and various safety outcomes. In the second phase, we combined indirect and direct evidence to perform a network meta-analysis including alendronate and nine other bisphosphonates evaluating the comparative efficacy and safety of these treatments. Overall, 58 studies were included in the review and 83 studies in the network. Most evidence was of moderate to high quality. Alendronate and zoledronic acid were effective for preventing the most types of fractures, while off-label and unapproved bisphosphonates showed poor efficacy. More evidence is required to evaluate long-term treatment and rare adverse events.

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Dabney, Alicia L. "Exploring Pathways Toward Psychobiological Safety through Mindful Body-centered Art Making with Sheltered Homeless Women." Thesis, Notre Dame de Namur University, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=22587302.

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The primary goal of this research study was to explore the effects of a trauma-informed intervention on relaxation and body awareness in sheltered homeless women, where trauma history can be a pathway to homelessness, and the experience of homelessness itself can be traumatic. The study took place at three interim housing locations along the peninsula of the greater San Francisco Bay Area and utilized a quantitative quasi-experimental one-group pretest/posttest design with qualitative inquiry. Quantitative data was gathered via the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) and a 10-item revised Scale of Body Connection (SBC). A brief closing questionnaire provided insights into this population and their experience of this intervention. Overall quantitative results suggest that participants experienced a significant reduction in distress toward ‘peaceful, calm, relaxed’ as a result of engaging in this research intervention. Results did not reflect a significant change to participants’ body awareness. Overall qualitative results showed a strong preference toward the mindful body-centered art making component of the intervention, participant insights relating to the value of self-expression and retaining a sense of control, and self-report increases to participants’ sense of calm, relaxation, and ease throughout this creative process. Over time, it is thought that regular engagement with mindfulness and art therapy would foster a return to more optimal arousal regulation and grounded body awareness in the context of trauma and chronic stress, while also promoting a sense of person-led empowerment.

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Snyder, Karen. "Body wise : perceptions of health and safety risks for Latina apple warehouse workers in Washington State /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6515.

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Linabary, Jasmine R. "Constructing Digital 'Safe' Space| Navigating Tensions in Transnational Feminist Organizing Online." Thesis, Purdue University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10608601.

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Despite decades of advocacy, women still struggle to gain access to public spaces, in particular to spaces of power such as formal governance and decision-making processes, economic sites, and media institutions. Globalization has enabled the emergence of transnational feminist organizing in response to these exclusions, yet scholars have largely not attended to the spaces within which transnational feminist organizing takes place and the implications of those spaces. These spaces matter as they have the potential to both disrupt and reproduce existing power relations and exclusions. This study identified digital space as a site of transnational feminist organizing and explored how digital ‘safe’ counter-spaces are communicatively constructed and their potentials and limitations for organizing across difference. As an engaged feminist project, this study also had an action goal of creating safer and more inclusive counter-spaces for women to gain a voice and organize collectively. Specifically, this project aimed to contribute to the transformation of such spaces to further enable women’s mobilizing and organizing for social change. In this study, I adopted a critical transnational feminist lens and drew on scholarship in the areas of transnational feminist organizing, space, and tension. In line with this study’s engaged feminist approach, I conducted what I termed a digital feminist participatory action research (D+FPAR) project involving a collaborative partnership with the digitally based transnational feminist network, World Pulse. Data collection involved multiple qualitative and participatory online methods.

Findings from this study illuminated the ways digital counter-space is discursively and materially constructed as ‘safe’ and ‘inclusive’, how these constructions produce contradictions, and how both community and staff members respond to these contradictions. First, the digital space was communicatively constituted as safe and inclusive through particular material-discursive practices, through members’ talk and interaction enabled by the affordances of the digital space, and through interrelations with overlapping digital and physical spaces. Second, contradictions were produced when these material-discursive practices took on different meanings or made difference visible for members based on their identities, locations, or experiences, leaving members feeling simultaneously safe/unsafe and included/excluded. Third, community and staff members enacted a variety of strategies in response to these contradictions that limited and/or enhanced the potentials for organizing across difference and contributed to the ongoing construction of the digital space.

This study advances scholarship on space, transnational feminist organizing, and tension. In defining and interrogating digital space, this project contributes to theorizing the communicative construction of space, how it interrelates and is embedded with the material, and the ways digital spaces (re)produce and challenge power relations. More specifically, this project contributes to understandings of how materiality intra-acts with discourse in the construction of space to shape possibilities for organizing and produce contradictions, revealing the ways ‘safe’ counter-spaces are in a constant state of becoming (un)safe. Methodologically, this project contributes to scholarship by introducing D+FPAR, providing tools for collaborative analysis, and expanding reflexive praxis. Additionally, this study also provides practical strategies, co-constructed with participants, for individuals and organizations seeking to design ‘safe’ digital spaces for voice, participation, and collective action.

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Bashir, Kainat. "Melanoma and Tanning: A Case Study of Sun Safety Knowledge and Practices Among 15 Canadian University Women." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26161.

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The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the knowledge and perceptions on the sun, risks of prolonged exposure, tanning and beauty of young Canadian women. Conversations with 15 young pregnant women from the University of Ottawa were tape-recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed using thematic analysis and theories on gender and beauty. The results were divided into two articles, the first exploring the perception and knowledge young Canadian women have about the sun, tanning and its risks. In the first article, the themes generated were (a) perceptions of benefits and risks of sun exposure; (b) outdoor versus Indoor tanning; (c) conformity; (d) conflicting and ambiguous messaging; (e) self risk and other’s risk and; (f) no UV index awareness. The second article explores how the fifteen interviewees make sense of the sun safety messaging they are exposed to, and how they act on it. The themes identified were: (a) tanning as a social activity; (b) beauty; (c) base tanning; and (d) wearing SPF and reapplication. The overall conclusion to be drawn from this study is that while for the most part the group of women I interviewed was well informed when it came to sun safety and tanning, they still felt the pressure to tan from peers, society and the media. There were times when they shared that they were misinformed on the risks of engaging in harmful tanning practices. Further, the study contributed to finding that the vast majority of the participants admitted to not checking the UV index before going outdoors, either because they did not understand it or because they felt it would not make a difference to their daily practices and behaviours. This contradicted previous literature that emphasized on the connection Canadians often made with the environment and UV index. Impacts, implications, and future research directions are discussed in both articles.

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Briggs, Melissa L. "Measuring the benefits of safety awareness and violence prevention techniques for mentally ill women living in the community." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1045627.

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Research shows that women are at higher risk for being victimized simply because of their gender. Women with mental illness living independently are especially vulnerable, since they underreport victimization and underutilize available resources. This study evaluated the benefits of educating women with mental illness about safety and violence. Twenty women utilizing outpatient services at two community mental health centers participated in one of two 12-week groups: 15 received an educational curriculum and 5 a control condition. Outcomes were assessed using pretest and posttest measures of quality of daily life, self-esteem and perceived control over life events, awareness of available resources to them as women, awareness of violence, attitudes about safety, and confidence in abilities to protect themselves. The greatest improvement was in the curriculum women's awareness of resources. Intra-group variability, a small sample size, and other unexpected complications precluded a definitive evaluation of the curriculum, but overall results suggest further research in this area would be beneficial.
Department of Psychological Science

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Filippi, Veronique Genevieve Andree. "Validation of women's perceptions of near-miss obstetric morbidity in South Benin." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1999. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682282/.

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This thesis examines whether measurement of morbidity prevalence through survey methods provides a suitable alternative to mortality measurement for safe motherhood programme needs assessment. It considers the validity of a survey instrument by comparing results from a questionnaire on near-miss obstetric complications to hospital clinical data. Three groups of women -with severe obstetric complications, mild obstetric complications and with a normal delivery - were identified retrospectively in three hospitals in South Benin and interviewed at home using a questionnaire. The complications of interest were eclampsia, haemorrhage, dystocia and infections of the genital tract. The concept of near-miss death event was used to identify women with severe episodes of morbidity. The aim of the analysis was to find questions with very high specificity for measuring the prevalence of obstetric conditions even at the expense of sensitivity. The questionnaire was able to detect, with sufficient accuracy, eclamptic fits, abnormal bleeding in the third trimester for a recall period of at least 3-4 years, and all episodes of haemorrhage independent of timing within a shorter period of 2 years. The specificity of questions and combinations of questions for dystocia and infections of the genital tract was weak, and generated disappointing results except when information on treatment was included. Overall, better results were achieved for antepartum and acute events than complications defined as such because they are at the extreme end of a continuum. Severity only made a positive difference in the case of eclampsia with an increase in sensitivity. 1 These results are interpreted in the light of methodological constraints and findings from similar studies. Although the study could support the use of individual interview surveys for eclampsia and haemorrhage, this methodology cannot be readily recommended in view of the insufficient specificity reported elsewhere. The way forward in terms of morbidity information as well as the future of the near-miss concept is presented in the final chapter.

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Siegel, Suzie. "Safe at Home: Agoraphobia and the Discourse on Women’s Place." Scholar Commons, 2001. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3881.

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My thesis explores how discourse and material practices have created agoraphobia, the fear of public places. This psychological disorder predominates among women. Throughout much of Western history, women have been encouraged to stay home for their safety and for the safety of society. I argue that agoraphobic women have internalized this discourse, expressing fears of being in public or being alone without a companion to support and protect them; losing control over their minds or their bodies; and endangering or humiliating themselves. Therapeutic discourse also has created agoraphobia by naming it, categorizing the emotions and behaviors associated with it, and describing the characteristics of agoraphobics. The material practice of therapy reinforces this discourse. Meanwhile, practices such as rape and harassment reinforce the dominant discourse on women’s safety. I survey psychological literature, beginning with the naming of agoraphobia in 1871, to explain why the disorder is now diagnosed primarily in women. I examine nineteenth-century discourse that told women they belonged at home while men controlled the public domain. In 1871, the Paris Commune revolt epitomized the fear of women publicly out of control. I return to Paris a century later for a reading of the novel Certificate of Absence, in which Sylvia Molloy explores identity through the eyes of a woman who might be labeled agoraphobic. I ask whether homebound women are resisting or retreating from a hostile world. Instead of seeing agoraphobia only as a personal problem, people should question why so many women fear themselves and the world outside their home. My methodology includes an analysis of nineteenth-century texts as well as current media, prose, and poetry. I also support my arguments with material from professional journals and nonfiction books in different disciplines. Common to feminist research, an interdisciplinary approach was needed to situate a psychological disorder within a social context.

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Carter, Rachel. "The Domestic Violence Act (116 of 1998) : increased safety for women experiencing domestic violence in South Africa?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3597.

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Stetson, Randall. "Exploring the association between perceived safety of household children in the neigborhood and levels of depressive symptoms among Spanish speaking Latina adults living in a high crime, low income neigbhorhood." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10108202.

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Previous research has confirmed that neighborhood level social factors (e.g. crime, safety) present chronic stressors that increase risk for depression in residents of economically disadvantaged neighborhoods. U.S. Latinos experience higher levels of poverty and thus are more likely to live in poor neighborhoods. In this study it was hypothesized that adult Latina women who reported (1) higher levels of worry regarding the general safety of their household children in the neighborhood, (2) higher levels of worry regarding influence of bad friends on their household children, and (3) higher levels of worry regarding their household children being exposed to drugs and alcohol, would also report higher levels of depression after controlling for the individual level characteristics of level of acculturation, education, age, income and marital status. This study used a cross-sectional survey design and a convenience sample of 136 Latina women. Depression was measured using the CES-D Spanish version. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the first step consisting of control variables was significantly correlated with depression, R² =.14, F (5,130) =4.261, p = .001. In step two, after entering the neighborhood level variables, the resulting R² increased significantly, R² = .21, F (1, 129) = 10.937, p < .001. The relationship between depression and each CES-D subscale was also explored. Understanding both micro and macro level factors that contribute to depression is essential for developing complex multi-level explanatory models and designing effective interventions. This study contributes to an emerging critical framework that illustrates how public policy influences the more proximal mechanisms that contribute to mental health and health problems.

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Haldiman, Kathryn. "Perceptions of safer sexual behaviors among women who have sex with women." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6579.

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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 33 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-27). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.

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Arendt, Fanny. "Securing the society - a woman's risk to take? : A field study on how women’s perception of safety is impacted by engaging in prevention of violent extremism." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393927.

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This study explores how women’s perceptions of safety is impacted by participating in a program aimed at preventing violent extremism (PVE). The theoretical framework mainly draws on literature on women and conflict prevention, sacred values and human security studies. In combining theoretical arguments from these fields, I hypothesize that women’s perception of safety will be negatively impacted by participating in PVE-programs. That is because their participation will challenge sacred gender norms by taking up leadership roles in the community that usually belong to men. As a result, hostile reactions from community members will follow, i.e. from those whose sacred values are challenged, which in turn is expected to impact women’s perception of safety negatively. This thesis applies qualitative methods and to compare between two groups of women who participate in a PVE-program through different roles, and one group of non-PVE-participating women. Semi-structured interviews were held with two PVE-participating groups (female religious leaders and female economic leaders) as well as with non-PVE-participating women in Indonesia. The purpose of this case selection is twofold. First, to examine whether the PVE-participation in itself has an effect on women’s perceptions of safety. Second, to explore whether to explore whether certain roles that women take in a PVE-program challenge sacred gender norms more than others, and as such, leads to more negative perceptions of safety. The results indicate that PVE-participants challenge sacred norms, however, these norms do not always have a gendered underpinning, but are more religious in nature than anticipated. Contrary to my hypotheses, women’s perception of safety is not necessarily negatively impacted by participating in PVE-programs. The results rather indicate that women’s perception of safety can be both positively and negatively impacted by their participation, mainly depending on how their participation is understood by others. Additionally, PVE-participating women mainly challenge gender norms before they begin their participation, instead of during its active phase. As such, the results suggest that time aspects are important to fully understand women’s perception of safety.

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Sara, Larsson. "Fysiska miljöns möjlighet till ökad trygghet i det offentliga rummet : En intervjustudie kring Stationstunneln i Umeå stad." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122020.

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Abstract The public space is often perceived as more unsafe for women than for men and it is therefore a question of gender equality. Opinions differ on how the public space should be changed to improve women’s feelings of security. This case aims to discuss the possibility to change the physical environment to create a safer public space for women. This study is a case study focusing on the so called Stationstunneln located on Järnvägstorget in Umeå municipality. Stationstunneln was inaugurated in 2012 and had the aim to increase both women and men´s perceived safety in the public space. The tunnel has with its shape, lighting etcetera, aimed to increase security. This is as mentioned a gender issue and the topic is important to be able to continue the work for a more equal society. The result of this study is based on six semi-structured interviews and has a qualitative approach. The interviews were conducted with six female respondents who all have a relation to Stationstunneln in Umeå municipality. Three of the respondents also had a relation to the previous tunnel located on Järnvägstorget called Hagatunneln. The interviews have been analyzed through thematic analysis. The results of the study demonstrate that light and people in motion is the key factors in what makes the respondents feel safe in public spaces. All of the respondents agreed that Stationstunneln compared to Hagatunneln was seen as bright and had people in motion and that was some of the reasons why they felt safe in Stationstunneln. They also thought the place felt welcoming and safe when it comes to the trafic which also made them feel safe in and around the tunnel. However, many of the respondents said that they didn´t feel safe in and around the tunnel during the evenings because of the people occupying themself there at night. Overall, the respondents agreed that the design was important for their perceived safety in the public space. Keywords: Public space, safety, women, physical environment, tunnel, gender equality.

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Feeser, Pamela A. "Buying the vineyard, different options for living playing and hoping in non-violence and safety, DOLPHINS." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.108-0028.

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Thesis (D.Min.)--South Florida Center for Theological Studies, 2003.
DOLPHINS stands for "Different Options for Living Playing and Hoping In Non-violence and Safety" Includes bibliographical references.

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Siegel, Suzie. "Safe at home [electronic resource] : agoraphobia and the discourse on women's place / by Suzie Siegel." University of South Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000025.

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Title from PDF of title page.
Document formatted into pages; contains 90 pages.
Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references.
Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format.
ABSTRACT: My thesis explores how discourse and material practices have created agoraphobia, the fear of public places. This psychological disorder predominates among women. Throughout much of Western history, women have been encouraged to stay home for their safety and for the safety of society. I argue that agoraphobic women have internalized this discourse, expressing fears of being in public or being alone without a companion to support and protect them; losing control over their minds or their bodies; and endangering or humiliating themselves. Therapeutic discourse also has created agoraphobia by naming it, categorizing the emotions and behaviors associated with it, and describing the characteristics of agoraphobics.
The material practice of therapy reinforces this discourse. Meanwhile, practices such as rape and harassment reinforce the dominant discourse on women&softsign;s safety. I survey psychological literature, beginning with the naming of agoraphobia in 1871, to explain why the disorder is now diagnosed primarily in women. I examine nineteenth-century discourse that told women they belonged at home while men controlled the public domain. In 1871, the Paris Commune revolt epitomized the fear of women publicly out of control. I return to Paris a century later for a reading of the novel Certificate of Absence, in which Sylvia Molloy explores identity through the eyes of a woman who might be labeled agoraphobic.
I ask whether homebound women are resisting or retreating from a hostile world. Instead of seeing agoraphobia only as a personal problem, people should question why so many women fear themselves and the world outside their home.My methodology includes an analysis of nineteenth-century texts as well as current media, prose, and poetry. I also support my arguments with material from professional journals and nonfiction books in different disciplines. Common to feminist research, an interdisciplinary approach was needed to situate a psychological disorder within a social context.
System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.

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48

Mugweni, Esther. "Empowering married Zimbabwean women to negotiate for safer sex." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.713514.

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Abstract:

Zimbabwe has experienced one of the largest HIV/AIDS epidemics. Heterosexual transmission accounts for the highest number of new infections. Current HIV prevention strategies rely heavily on changing individual behaviour to take up safer sex practices. However sexual activity is not just an individual attribute but behaviour negotiated between two people in a wider socio-cultural context particularly in marriage. There is thin literature on specific socio-cultural barriers that married women face when they negotiate for safer sex in marriage or context specific strategies to combat these barriers. This three phase study used qualitative data, collected through 4 focus group discussions, 36 semi-structured interviews with married men and women and 12 semi-structured interviews with HIV program implementers. Data were collected to examine the socio-cultural context of sexuality in marriage and identify interventions for empowering married women to negotiate for safer sex. The findings provide a contextually embedded analysis of the determinants of sex and sexuality in marriage and how these may shape powerlessness to negotiate for safer sex. Sexual satisfaction was perceived as a crucial aspect of sexuality in marriage with orgasm, sexual communication, sexual performance and frequency of sexual activity being crucial overlapping factors that contributed to it. Gender norms affected achieving sexual satisfaction in marriage, occurrence of forced sex and concurrent sexual relationships. Personal, social and cultural meanings of sex in a marriage along with ineffective communication and pressure from external social relationships were identified as barriers to safer sex uptake in marriage. Context specific interventions to address these barriers to safer sex practice in marriage were identified and assessed for socio-cultural and organisational feasibility. Future HIV interventions must go beyond narrowly advocating for safer sex strategies but address the complex socio-cultural determinants of sex in marriage.

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49

Du, Toit Linda Dorothea. "Food safety practices and dietary intake of female students in self-catering residences at the Cape Technikon." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/767.

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Thesis (MTech (Consumer Science: Food and Nutrition))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2004
Concems have been voiced regarding the food practices and dietary intake of students since residences changed from a catered to a self-catering food provision system. In this study, the purchasing, storage, food preparation practices and dietary intake of female students living in self-catering residences at the Cape Technikon in Cape Town, South Africa, were investigated. A sample of 60 students, representative of the female students living in self-catering residences, participated. A structured interview, together with direct observation, using an observational checklist, was used to determine whether food practices complied with food safety guidelines. As self-reported and actual behaviour may differ, the reported food safety behaviour was compared with the observed behaviour. The mean food and beverage intakes were determined using two 24-hour dietary recalls covering a week and weekend day. Intakes were compared with the recommendations of the Daily Food Guide and the South African Food-Based Dietary Guidelines. Nutrient intakes were analysed using dietary analysis software. Nutrient intakes were compared with the Dietary Reference Intakes for their gender and age grouping. Intakes of S 67% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance/Adequate Intakes or below were deemed as inadequate. The weight status of the students was also determined and compared to the health maintenance Body Mass Index range of 20 to 25 kg/m2 . Results indicated that some, but not all food safety guidelines were followed. Both positive and negative practices were reported and observed.

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50

Valdez, Marina. "Ethnic Identity, Womanist Identity, and Young Adult Latinas’ Safe Sex Practices." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12023.

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xv, 142 p. : ill. (some col.)
Young Latina women are at risk for unwanted pregnancy and sexually-transmitted infections. Researchers have suggested that factors such as self-efficacy and relationship power dynamics may contribute to difficulty in negotiating safe sex practices. For women in heterosexual relationships, the most common prevention practice--condom use--requires partner cooperation. Sociocultural variables related to gender role socialization can adversely affect a woman's ability to negotiate condom use. I developed and tested a model of sociocultural predictors of Latina women's safe sex practices. The predictors included ethnic identity, acculturation, womanist identity, gender role attitudes, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual relationship power. I surveyed 210 young adult Latina women via an online survey that was disseminated across the United States via social networking websites and email. I used path analysis to investigate the fit of the hypothesized model with the data, first to predict condom use and second to predict sexual history exploration. Results indicated that the hypothesized model predicting the safe sex practice of exploring a partner's sexual history had a good fit to the data, whereas the model predicting condom use did not provide an adequate fit to the data. These findings suggest that young adult Latinas' exploration of a partner's sexual history is more likely to occur when women have stronger ethnic identity and womanist identity, more egalitarian gender role attitudes, and higher levels of partner dominance and control in their relationship. The model accounted for 16% of the variance in sexual history exploration. Although the variance explained was low, this model is still informative of the factors that contribute to sexual history exploration. Exploring a potential partner's history is an important aspect of safe sex practices that can have major implications for healthy sexual decision-making. Understanding an individual's cultural identity via ethnic and womanist identity, as well as considering sociocultural (e.g., gender role attitudes) and interpersonal (e.g., relationship power) factors, can inform prevention efforts that will contribute to safe sex behavioral outcomes. Other factors that may contribute to safe sex practice outcomes that were not accounted for by the models are noted. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Committee in charge: Dr. Ellen H. McWhirter, Chairperson; Dr. Linda Forrest, Member; Dr. Joseph Stevens, Member; Dr. Lynn Fujiwara, Outside Member

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Women's safety'

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