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Gwanvalla, Delphine Ngehndab. "A study of women's representation in relation to poverty: a case study of The Post March 2009." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007144.
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The media, specifically tabloids, have the potential to portray poverty-related issues in a manner that informs the public and government about the experiences of people living in poverty so that it can be tackled with urgency. Poverty has blighted the lives of many, especially women, children and widows in Cameroon. The role of the media in reporting the plight and suffering of the ‘masses’ potentially shapes the way in which these issues are handled by those in authority. The study notes that the tabloid press has the potential to expose certain experiences of ordinary people thereby constituting that alternative sphere for the disadvantaged. The study investigates the manner women are represented in The Post which is an English tabloid published in Cameroon. The representation of women in this study looks at the institutional policies which drive the representation of women in news constructs, analyses the news values which shape news production, and uses Thompson’s modes of ideology to unravel the underlying meanings in the reported stories. The study is inspired by the claims that since women make up the majority of the world's poor, so too would media representations depict them as such. It utilises thematic analysis to understand the manner in which women are represented in The Post. It also uses interviews with the regional bureau editor of the North West region to probe what news values and institutional policies drive the stories on women’s poverty. Document analysis is used to better comprehend the institutional guidelines which govern the representation of women during the month of March 2009.
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Wallaert, Hélène. "Mains agiles, mains d'argile: apprentissage de la poterie au Nord-Cameroun. modes d'acquisition des compôrtements techniques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211720.
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Klein, Megan Lynn. "Perceptions of ability to refuse sex among single women in urban Cameroon." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/103.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2003.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Sociology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Yotebieng, Kelly A. "The capacity to aspire among Rwandan urban refugee women in Yaounde, Cameroon." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1552294376449228.
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Chapnkem, Wenceslaw Chap. "Perceptions of Access to Healthcare in Cameroon by Women of Childbearing Age." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6981.
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Increased poverty and unemployment rates, minimal investment in social amenities, a shortage of healthcare professionals, poor infrastructure, inadequate social services, and poor institutional and political leadership have weakened the healthcare status of Cameroon's women who have reached the age of childbearing. The World Health Organization expressed increased urgency for healthcare providers and patients to develop new healthcare policies to eliminate health-related disparities. The aim of this phenomenological study was to examine the perceptions of women of childbearing age living in Mamfe rural community in regard to Cameroon's healthcare system and its impact on their lives. The theoretical foundation of the study was the healthcare utilization model. Interviews were conducted with 10 women participants, ages between 18 and 45. The data collected through semistructured interviews were analyzed using NVivo 11 and the Colaizzi 7-step processes to identify themes and subthemes. Study findings revealed systemic challenges that affected healthcare access which need to be adequately addressed to reduce maternal and child mortality among women of child-bearing age. The study findings could foster social change by improving the development of healthcare standards, as well as illustrating methods of increasing the level of access to healthcare services among women of childbearing age.
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Alexandra, Diwouta T. Christele. "The place of women in the political sphere: a comparative study of Cameroon and South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This thesis compared the status of women's political participation in Cameroon and South Africa through an assessment conducted against the backdrop key of international, regional and national human rights standards. The aim of this thesis was not only, to be conscious of women's absence in politics, but to also take steps to redefine sound strategies to implement gender equality in terms of the political participation of women on the part of governments.
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Ngujede, Ahone Esther-Alice. "Experience with Social Support Systems Among Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence in Cameroon." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2326.
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The southwest and northwest regions of Cameroon have experienced high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV). Limited information is available about IPV victims' experiences with social support systems. This phenomenological study was aimed at investigating IPV victims' lived experiences with social support systems in Cameroon. Some of these systems are the judicial system, police officers, hospitals and clinics, and domestic violence agencies. The Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM) were used to understand how 8 self-identified victims of IPV were able to discuss their lived experiences with social support systems. The research questions addressed women's experiences with social support systems as victims of intimate partner violence. The study also addressed participants' willingness to use social support systems again if the systems were made available to them. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews using a purposeful-criterion sample that discussed the themes developed after the interview. The participants were selected with the help of 2 local domestic violence organizations based in the northwest and southwest regions of Cameroon. Study findings, which were generated via inductive analyses, indicated that victims sought the help of social support systems at least 3 times in hopes of changing their situation but were not satisfied with these systems. The study conveys social change by encouraging the need to educate social support systems in implementing and developing culturally-sensitive programs to eradicate IPV in Cameroon.
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Ngo, Yebga Noël Solange. "Expériences et normes liées à la procréation au Cameroun : Une ethnographie locale à partir de l’exemple du recours à l’avortement à Eséka et à Maroua." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3013.
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Notre thèse porte sur le recours à l’avortement au Cameroun dans deux villes, Eséka et Maroua. Nous avons pour ambition de comprendre les sollicitations liées au recours à l’avortement en milieu urbain dans un contexte où existent des dispositions médicales et légales particulières. Une étude empirique a été réalisée dans les deux localités. De ce travail de terrain, nous avons observé qu’il existe pour les femmes au niveau médical, la possibilité d’une prise en charge des soins après un avortement, quelles que soient les conditions de sa réalisation. Au niveau légal, la décision d’avorter en dehors des conditions légales définies reste problématique pour les femmes et pour ceux qui recourent à l’avortement en dehors de ce cadre-là. Nous affirmons que les normes procréatives auxquelles les femmes sont confrontées au quotidien, surtout celles relatives à la grossesse en particulier, peuvent les amener à recourir à l’avortement, bien que cela soit fortement et légalement réglementé. L’approche du sujet associe à la fois la théorie sociologique de l'expérience, la démarche ethnographique du contexte (global et local) et l'étude des cas liés au recours à l'avortement. Partant de cette perspective, nous analysons le recours à l’avortement à partir des expériences et vécus individuels des femmes en matière de procréation et de la grossesse d’une part, ainsi qu’à partir des difficultés liées aux normes imposées par les institutions sociales comme la famille ou l’État d’autre part. Il s’agit surtout de montrer par cet exemple local, les difficultés de mise en œuvre des recommandations formulées à l’échelle internationale au niveau local dans le cas particulier de l’avortementOur thesis is about the abortion in Cameroon in two cities Eséka and Maroua. We aim to understand the stresses related to abortion in urban areas in a context where there are specific medical and legal provisions. An empirical study was conducted in two locations. This fieldwork, we observed that there is for women at the medical level, the possibility of support for post-abortion care, regardless of the conditions of its realization. From a legal standpoint, the decision to have an abortion outside the defined legal requirements remains problematic for women and for those who resort to abortion outside this framework. We affirm that procreative norms that women face daily, in particular those related to pregnancy, can encourage them to resort to abortion, although this is highly regulated. The theoretical framework combines both sociological theory of experience, the ethnographic approach of the context (global and local) and the cases studies related to abortion. From this perspective, we analyze the abortion from the experiences and individual stories of women related to procreation and pregnancy in one hand, as well as from difficulties related to norms imposed by social institutions like the family or the State in the other hand. This is mostly to show through this specific experience, implementation challenges that come with the translation of recommendations made at the international level to the local level in the particular case of abortion
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Amaah, Penn. "Contraceptive use and fertility intentions of HIV-positive women in two health districts in Yaounde, Cameroon." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6222.
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Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health)HIV-positive women may desire to have children, plan their family size or avoid becoming pregnant. The choice to use or not to use a contraceptive method depends on this desire which is influenced by their fertility intentions. Among HIV-positive women who are avoiding unintended pregnancy, the use of condoms on their own or with another contraceptive method also lessens the possibility of infecting uninfected partners in sero-discordant relationships and prevents possible vertical transmission to the infant. Barrier methods like the condom used alone or in combination with other methods provide HIV-positive women with protection against pregnancy and against the transmission of HIV. Several factors including their fertility intentions influence their uptake and use of these various methods. In urban health districts in Yaounde in Cameroon where the prevalence of HIV in women remains higher than the national average and with observed increasing rates of abortions within this population, very little information is available both about their fertility intentions and contraceptive use. An understanding of the fertility intentions of HIV-positive women and their uptake and use of dual protection is helpful in informing family planning activities for HIVpositive persons and possibly informing services to provide safer options for conception in HIV-positive women.
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Diwouta, Tiki Christele Alexandra. "The place of women in the political sphere: a comparative study of Cameroon and South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1077.
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"Issues of gender have always, and continue to, inhibit women from access to public office. With the increase of gender mainstreaming and struggle for equality, the internntional community has become increasingly aware of the absence of women in politics. The aims of this dissertation is not only, however, to be conscious of women's absence in politics, but to also take steps to redefine sound strategies to implement gender equality in terms of the political participation of women on the part of governments. This dissertation will focus on the place accorded to South African women in relation to the consolidation of a fairly new democracy, compared and contrasted to the struggle of their Cameroonian counterparts within the context of a much older democracy. Moreover, ratified conventional instruments as well as domestic constitutional dispositions currently in force in Cameroon dictate gender equality, thus calling for the implementation of special measures to enhance the participation of women. Yet, there have been no serious efforts on the part of Cameroon to revise or abrogate numerous coexisting discriminatory provisions and practices that perpetrate systematic discrimination against women in various ways within existing institutions. ... Chapter one sets out the scope of the study through the identification of the research problem and outlines the chosen methodology. This chapter also states the aims and objectives of the paper as well as its limitations. Chapter two considers the international and regional provisions governing women's rights. The main aim of this chapter is to recoup dispositions in human rights instruments with specific reference to gender equality and the participation of women in public life. Chapter three gives a historical backdrop of the participation of women in politics in both countries and sets out the domestic and constitutional provisions that relate to the status of women in politics in both Cameroon and South Africa. It also contains case studies to elucidate the particular challenges faced by women in these two countries. Chapter four analyses the extent to which Cameroon and South Africa have complied with international, regional as well as national human rights standards pertaining to women's political participation rights. The final chapter will contain conclusions and recommendations." -- Introduction.Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2004.
Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Letitia van der Poll, Faculty of Law of the University of the Western Cape, South Africa
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Endeley, Joyce Bayande Mbongo. "Women farmers'perceptions of the economic problems influencing their productivity in agricultural systems : Meme Division of the southwest province, Cameroon /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487326511716681.
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Merlat, Tchoutchoua Bonjawo Honorée. "Les jeunes filles « soutien de famille » à Yaoundé : analyse sociologique d’un phénomène répandu mais invisible." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100006/document.
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Cette thèse examine la contribution économique des jeunes filles de Yaoundé (Cameroun) aux ressources de la famille de naissance. Phénomène très peu étudié dans le domaine des sciences sociales, l’objectif était d’en faire un objet de recherche à part entière. L’étude mobilise des entretiens semi-structurés auprès de 45 femmes (hébergées, chefs de ménage et mariées). Il ressort des résultats que le soutien économique de ces jeunes filles au profit de leur famille ne se fait pas spontanément. C’est la résultante d’un long processus intégrant les configurations sociales, familiales et individuelles particulières. Il apparaît également que contrairement aux idées véhiculées par les féministes, le bourreau des femmes n’est pas toujours l’homme mais la famille et principalement la femme.En effet, les femmes sur qui repose l’essentiel des dépenses familiales, sont placées dans la position ambivalente de devoir sacrifier l’autonomie future d’autres femmes, plus jeunes et plus vulnérables et qui parfois sont leurs propres filles, en leur déléguant les charges financières qui en principe leur incombent. Ainsi, ces jeunes filles sont des « aînées économiques » d’une part et des « cadettes sociales » d’autre part. Si notre étude présente la grande majorité de nos enquêtées comme des personnes jouant le rôle de « soutien économique » de famille, leur élan à soutenir financièrement les membres de leur famille de naissance cache de grandes blessures personnelles. En effet, ce rôle de soutien de famille a des retentissements négatifs sur leurs projets de vie, notamment leur déclassement sur le marché matrimonial, des difficultés à concevoir des enfants et leur incapacité à mettre des économies de côté qui pourraient leur être utiles dans leur vie futureThis thesis examines the financial contributions of young girls in Yaoundé (Cameroon) to their family resources. Little attention has been given to the phenomenon of young girls as breadwinner in research in the social sciences; thus, our objective through this work is to try to make it a subject of research in itself. Our study analyses semi-structured interviews with 45 women (hosted, heads of households, married). The results show that these young girls’ economic support to their family does not happen spontaneously. It is the result of a long process incorporating the specific social, family and individual configurations. It also appears that unlike the ideas conveyed by some feminists, the person exerting domination over women is not always the man but rather the entire family and mainly they are women.Women, who bear the bulk of the family's expenses, are placed in the ambivalent position of having to sacrifice the future autonomy of younger and more vulnerable women who are sometimes their own daughters. Parents thus delegate to children the financial burden that they are supposed to support. So these girls, whose economic responsibilities are considered as very important on the one hand, are socially considered as minors on the other hand.Although our study shows the vast majority of our respondents as individuals acting like breadwinners, their energy to support their families of birth results in great injuries. The role of breadwinner has negative repercussions on their life projects, namely, downgrading on the marriage market, difficulties in conceiving children and inability to put aside their own savings, that could be useful in their future life just to name a few
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Muko, Kenneth Ngwambokong. "Influence of Mothers-in-Law on Infant Feeding Practices of Mothers Living With HIV in Rural Cameroon." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3313.
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Mothers living with HIV (MLHIV) face complex challenges regarding infant feeding practices, which often restrict their ability to adhere to their chosen or medically recommended feeding behaviors. Mothers-in-law (MIL) enjoy significant influence and participate actively in the rearing of grandchildren in Cameroon. However, the extent to which MIL influence infant feeding behaviors of their daughters-in-law have not been studied. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used in this phenomenological study to explore how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influenced infant feeding practices of 9 MLHIV in rural communities of the North West Region of Cameroon. The five steps of data explicitation detailed by Groenewald were used to analyze the data. Findings indicated that MLHIV who were in close contact with their MIL experienced strong influence towards infant feeding practices of their babies. While MLHIV who were practicing exclusive breastfeeding received support for appropriate infant feeding practices, those giving their babies artificial milk were influenced to adopt inappropriate feeding practices, specifically mixed feeding. The study results may be used to promote positive social change by improving on the infant feeding practices of MLHIV. This could lead to a reduction of mother to child transmission of HIV.
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Mumah, Joyce Ndueh. "Socioeconomic Status, Women, and HIV: Do the Determinants of Female HIV Vary by Socioeconomic Status in Cameroon?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1110.
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The HIV/AIDS epidemic is argued to be one of the greatest health challenges facing Sub-Saharan African countries, with more than 25 million Africans currently infected. Social epidemiology posits that for most types of illness, there is an inverse relationship between indicators with SES. In most developed nations, and in some developing countries, the incidence of HIV follows this classic pattern, with the poor having the greatest risk of infection and eventual mortality. However, a growing body of research on HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa suggests an intriguing reversal of this pattern, particularly with respect to HIV among women. In the Cameroonian case most specifically, previous research indicates that higher socioeconomic status women present higher rates of HIV infection compared to low socioeconomic status women, albeit rates higher than those in the United States. However, the mechanisms of risk appear to be distinct for each group. Using data from the 2004 National Demographic and Health
Survey (DHS) in Cameroon, this paper explores relationships between the various indicators of socioeconomic status and HIV, as well as estimates and tests a series of multivariate models designed to highlight the distinct causal pathways that put higher SES women at increased risk of HIV.
In general, my results show that women with increased resources had higher rates of HIV, confirming results published elsewhere. Additionally, women with riskier sexual behaviors also presented higher rates of infection. Counterintuitively, however, women with increased knowledge of HIV, more domestic making authority, and access to health care all had higher rates of HIV infection.
Multivariate analysis revealed that the mechanisms of risk varied by socioeconomic status. For women in low socioeconomic group, what seemed to increase their risk was relative inequality (i.e. having a partner outside their socioeconomic bracket). Conversely, for women in the high socioeconomic group, their own sexual behavior seemed to account for their higher rates of HIV infection. What the results of this study indicated therefore was that the mechanisms of risk differed by SES and different approaches targeting each sub-group were needed to effectively combat the disease.
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Ellis, Christina M. "An integrated model for conservation case study on the role of women in the commercial bushmeat trade in Cameroon /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0007/MQ59545.pdf.
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Winter, Frank [Verfasser]. "Arthrospira platensis as nutritional supplementation for adult women infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Yaoundé, Cameroon / Frank Winter." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1092995935/34.
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Ndifor, Ngechop Yvonne Claire. "Financial services as a transformative social change mechanism : the case of microfinance partnerships with women entrepreneurs in Cameroon." Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/66035/.
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Over the past decades social problems, and poverty in particular, have been of great concern to international organisations, academics and practitioners. The multidimensional nature of poverty has made intervention programs aimed at alleviating poverty very challenging. Social partnerships have been hailed for their potential to bridge the challenges, difficulties and differences faced by individual sectors, and offer useful solutions and compromise that fulfil the mission of the partners and the overall objective of addressing the social problem set out by such partnerships. Previous studies on cross-sector partnerships have not looked at change specifically at the micro (individual) level and the role of the intended beneficiary in the partnership process. The study examines the interaction of poor women and microfinance institutions in cross-sector partnerships involving microfinance institutions and non-profit organisations in Cameroon in Sub-Saharan Africa. The thesis examines two case studies whose main objective and motive is to address poverty as a social issue prevalent in communities in the North West and South West regions of Cameroon. It focuses on the formation and implementation processes of such partnerships, with particular attention on the role of the beneficiary that is, the voice of the beneficiary in the process and outcome of the partnership. The active involvement and participation of beneficiaries has a higher potential for transformative social change. The study focuses on value creation processes at the micro (individual) level for the intended beneficiaries of the two partnership case studies. By studying the interaction process between microfinance institutions and non-profit organisations in cross-sector partnerships, it aims to identify areas within the interaction process with the potential to increase value creation through capability development, and the enhancement of functioning for the beneficiaries. It also aims to identify opportunities for the involvement and participation of the beneficiaries in partnership processes that facilitate transformative social change and impact on the partnership organisations. This thesis argues that, involving beneficiaries in the formation and implementation processes of cross-sector partnerships for poverty alleviation, is essential to maximise financial services for transformative social change.
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Warri, Denis. "Perceptions of pregnant women on reasons for late initiation of antenatal care in Nkwen Baptist Health Center, North West Region, Cameroon." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6894.
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Magister Public Health - MPHBackground: Antenatal care serves as a key entry point for a pregnant woman to receive a broad range of services and should be initiated at the onset of pregnancy (WHO, 2016). Cameroon has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world (UNICEF, 2016). The majority of pregnant women in Cameroon initiate antenatal care after the first trimester (Njim, 2016). Most studies on initiation of antenatal care in Cameroon have not explored in greater depth the reasons why most of the pregnant women initiate antenatal care late. Methodology: The aim of the study is to understand the reasons why pregnant women initiate antenatal care late in Nkwen Baptist Health Center, North West Region, Cameroon. It is an exploratory study and applied purposive sampling to recruit eighteen pregnant women and three key informants for data collection through individual interviews. Pregnant women who initiated antenatal care after the first trimester were recruited during antenatal care clinics and interviewed in a room at the antenatal care unit. Key informants were midwives working at the antennal care unit. Participation in the study was voluntary. Participants were explained the purpose of the study and signed a consent form if they were willing to participate in the research. Participation in the research did not inhibit the respondent’s access to care. Data was collected using an audio tape and analyzed using Thematic Coding Analysis (TCA) to identify recurring themes that emerged from the data to adequately describe the perceptions of respondents on the reasons for late initiation of antenatal care.
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Agbaw, Margaret Niger-Thomas. ""Buying futures", the upsurge of female entrepreneurship crossing the formal and informal divide in Southwest Cameroon /." Leiden : Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies, Universiteit Leiden, 2000. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/46758493.html.
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Bayen, Bessem Priscilia. "The Effects of Female Genital Mutilation in Cameroon : Case Study: Ejagham Community of Eyumojock sub-division." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54025.
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ABSTRACT Female genital mutilation and circumcision (FGM/C) is an expression that describes social and traditional actions performed for the removal of the clitoris and inner lips; labia minora as well as part of the outer lips; labia majora. The research has addressed the effects of this action on women in Ejagham community of the Southwest region of Cameroon. The study focuses on effects revealed during the research, including voices of the women who had undergone FGM/C, excisors recount, violence against women physical, psychological, social, and sexual effects. In traditional African societies, cultural values should be upheld with dignity to humankind. Our traditional practices too, need to give honour to our bodies. Therefore, opinions from different groups within the Ejagham community are revealed in the discussion. More so, the study also found out that FGM/C was a practice performed on the girls and women on the cultural and traditional beliefs that the process signifies a rite of passage from girl to womanhood. The process caused pain and violated the right of the young girls. The findings revealed that there are divided opinions on FGM/C within the community. Custodians of the Ejagham tradition that are in favour of the practice are conflicting with those who are against the practice on medical and human right justifications. These different platforms play a prominent role in the various perceptions held by the people. A significant segment of the Ejagham community, together with some representatives of the international community, NGOs and the government of Cameroon are involved in efforts to bring about change in the community by eliminating the tradition through community-based awareness programs. These programs that are accessible by everybody has empowered people in the community with knowledge on the subject and provided the necessary resources that will help in eliminating the practice. The efforts have initiated a changing climate in the community; however, this does not yet mean that the tradition has been abolished. The paper shall also discuss the traditional and cultural reasons for the practice of FGM in Cameroon. The author will state International instruments, Conventions, the National laws, Action plan that is to eliminate or lead to the abandonment of FGM practices in Cameroon. The paper will conclude with suitable suggestions to eradicate the practice of FGM/C, which is against Human Rights. Keywords: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting, Human Rights, Ejagham, Community, CameroonComments from the Examiner have been included in the thesis
Master in Peace and Development WorkABSTRACT Female genital mutilation and circumcision (FGM/C) is an expression that describes social and traditional actions performed for the removal of the clitoris and inner lips; labia minora as well as part of the outer lips; labia majora. The research has addressed the effects of this action on women in Ejagham community of the Southwest region of Cameroon. The study focuses on effects revealed during the research, including voices of the women who had undergone FGM/C, excisors recount, violence against women physical, psychological, social, and sexual effects. In traditional African societies, cultural values should be upheld with dignity to humankind. Our traditional practices too, need to give honour to our bodies. Therefore, opinions from different groups within the Ejagham community are revealed in the discussion. More so, the study also found out that FGM/C was a practice performed on the girls and women on the cultural and traditional beliefs that the process signifies a rite of passage from girl to womanhood. The process caused pain and violated the right of the young girls. The findings revealed that there are divided opinions on FGM/C within the community. Custodians of the Ejagham tradition that are in favour of the practice are conflicting with those who are against the practice on medical and human right justifications. These different platforms play a prominent role in the various perceptions held by the people. A significant segment of the Ejagham community, together with some representatives of the international community, NGOs and the government of Cameroon are involved in efforts to bring about change in the community by eliminating the tradition through community-based awareness programs. These programs that are accessible by everybody has empowered people in the community with knowledge on the subject and provided the necessary resources that will help in eliminating the practice. The efforts have initiated a changing climate in the community; however, this does not yet mean that the tradition has been abolished. The paper shall also discuss the traditional and cultural reasons for the practice of FGM in Cameroon. The author will state International instruments, Conventions, the National laws, Action plan that is to eliminate or lead to the abandonment of FGM practices in Cameroon. The paper will conclude with suitable suggestions to eradicate the practice of FGM/C, which is against Human Rights. Keywords: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting, Human Rights, Ejagham, Community, Cameroon
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Elad, Elizabeth M. "Analysis of the perception of HIV/AIDS as it relates to sexual behaviors, cultural norms and economic factors among women in Cameroon, West Africa." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2008. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/57.
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This study analyzed the perception of HIV/AIDS as it relates to sexual behaviors, cultural norms, and economic factors among the women in Cameroon, West Africa. Ninety-one survey participants were selected for the study utilizing non-probability convenience sampling. The survey questionnaire utilized a four-point continuum Likert scale. Findings from the study revealed that 30% of the respondents did not have any personal knowledge of HIV/AIDS. However, 70% of the respondents indicated that they did have some level of personal knowledge about HIV/AIDS. As well, 53.4% stated that their sexual behavior was influenced by their personal knowledge of H1V/AIDS.
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Djetcha, Sophie. "Hommes et femmes dans le traitement social de l'infection à VIH au Cameroun." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32075/document.
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L'épidémie de VIH a introduit la question du risque et de la maladie dans les rapports entre les femmes et les hommes. Parmi les stratégies mises en place du niveau individuel au niveau collectif, différentes selon les situations et inscrites dans des représentations infléchies par le contexte culturel, celles relatives aux personnes atteintes par le VIH sont primordiales. Ce « traitement social » est marqué par des différences et des similitudes entre les hommes et les femmes, qui induisent certaines recompositions des rapports entre hommes et femmes. Cette recherche, qui relève simultanément de l'anthropologie médicale et de l'anthropologie du genre, décrit et analyse la dimension du genre dans le traitement social de l'infection à VIH dans le système de soin au Cameroun. L'analyse des représentations de la maladie à travers les messages sanitaires des années 1980 à 2000 révèle les stéréotypes de genre prévalent dans la société camerounaise et leurs usages dans la prévention. L'expérience d'hommes et de femmes vivant avec le VIH dans le système de soin montre ensuite des différences entre leurs perceptions et conduites, qu'ils soient patients ou professionnels de santé, de l'annonce du statut jusqu'à sa révélation au partenaire. Puis c'est à travers l'expérience du traitement antirétroviral que des différences entre les hommes et les femmes apparaissent dans le système de soin. Enfin, l'étude de la gestion de la sexualité, de la procréation et de l'allaitement montre comment les rôles sociaux des hommes et des femmes se construisent de manière particulière pour des personnes vivant avec le VIH, dévoilant un aspect du genre dans la société camerounaiseThe HIV epidemic has brought the issue of risk and disease into relations between women and men. Among the strategies set up from the individual to the collective level, varied in different situations and shaped by culturally framed representations, those relating to people living with HIV are crucial. This "social treatment" is marked by differences and similarities between men and women, which induce some reconstructions of the relationships between men and women. This research, which belongs simultaneously to the fields of medical anthropology and anthropology of gender, describes and analyzes the gender dimension of the social treatment of HIV infection in the health care system in Cameroon. The analysis of disease representations through health messages from 1980 to 2000 reveals the gender stereotypes prevalent in the Cameroonian society and their use in prevention. The experience of men and women living with HIV in the health care system then shows the differences between their perceptions and behavior, whether patients or health professionals, from announcement of HIV status by health professionnals to disclosure to partner. Then men and women’s experience of antiretroviral therapy reveal gender dimensions in the health care system. Finally, the study of the management of sexuality, pregnancy and infant feeding shows how the social roles of men and women are built in a special way for people living with HIV, as a window an aspect of gender in Cameroonian society
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Atanga, Pascal Nji [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Hölscher. "Retention-in-care, adherence and treatment outcomes in a cohort of HIVpositive pregnant and breastfeeding women enrolled in a pilot project implementing “Option B+” in Cameroon / Pascal Nji Atanga ; Betreuer: Michael Hölscher." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/113104035X/34.
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Chofor, Che Christian-Aime. "Educational opportunities for the girl child in Africa : a necessary revisit of the discrimination factor with reference to Egypt, South Africa and Cameroon." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/985.
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"This paper is therefore inspired to look at education with respect to girl children in Africa. This paper, by drawing inspriation from other settings, is also motivated by the need to find solutions on how best the rights of the girl child can be protected in conjuction with the educational policy of African countries. ... The study is divided into six chapters. Chapter one provides the context in which the study is set, the objectives of the study and its importance. Chapter two examines the importance of the right to education and in education and takes note of the issue of discrimination with respect to girl child education in Africa. In chapter three various international treaties that concern provisions on education and the discrimination factor as to gender are identified. Also in the international milieu, the role of international bodies in the effective and efficient insurance of girl child education is included. Chapter four examines on a regional level, the extent to which the African Commission has effectively monitored the provision of the African Chater. The African Children's Charter and the Draft Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women (the Draft Women's Protocol) in Africa are also discussed in relation to provisions in the African Charter and work done on girl child education by the African Commission. In this chapter, a comparative study is also done of instruments and the implementation mechanisms offered by the Inter-American and European systems to the African human rights system in terms of the girl child education. This is so because in terms of experience, jurisprudence and institutions, these systems are considered to be more advanced than the African human rights sytem. Finally chapter five discusses girl child education on a national level in Africa. This chapter focuses on the experiences of South Africa, Egypt and Cameroon. Educational policy and other national legislative instruments such as the constitutions of these countries are included. In the conclusion, the paper puts forward recommendations to assist new and old African democracies in advancing an administrative and political approach to the issue of discrimination with respect to girl child education." -- Chapter 1.Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Enid Hill at the Department of Political Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, The American University in Cairo, Egypt
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Kelly, Tara B. "Plants, power, possibility : maneuvering the medical landscape in response to chronic illness and uncertainty." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d502bb7-8773-41f8-b71e-fe3f78b89cb0.
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This thesis is concerned with plants, chronic illness and medicine in Oku, Northwest Region, Cameroon. I focus on patient strategies to obtain effective medical outcomes, and on how such outcomes may be obtained through seeking traditional medicine in Oku. I argue that biomedical notions of efficacy do not appropriately represent the central and diverse roles that plants play in traditional medicine nor do they correctly represent how people in Oku evaluate the efficacy of plant-based traditional medicine. I argue instead that efficacy must be understood in terms of the emic concept of power. This power is understood to be located in the Oku landscape, which is still uniquely forested and said to embody powerful ancestral spirits. With plants as the primary tangible material of power, and traditional doctors in Oku as those who claim exclusive rights to manipulate and disperse such power, I discuss traditional medicine in Oku as a system wherein power from the natural landscape is drawn upon to challenge harmful powers feared to derive from the social arena. Using the pragmatic and phenomenological approaches, I show how patients evaluate the efficacy of a medical treatment based on their bodily experiences, and how their actions, as revealed in their therapeutic trajectories, reveal their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a given diagnosis and/or therapy. I discuss how enduring illness generates and exacerbates bodily, treatment-outcome, social, and psychological uncertainties. In this context, effective outcomes can be understood as those which address and limit these uncertainties and anxieties while offering ways to imagine hopeful prognoses. This thesis then outlines the major sources of uncertainty, people’s responses to such uncertainties, and what people might achieve in terms of limiting uncertainties by seeking traditional medicine in Oku.
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Durin, Corinne. "Filles de Femme de Cuivre d'Anne Cameron : mythe, langage et féminisme." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68085.
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The shift in paradigm which gave rise to relativism has brought about a number of reconsiderations of the critical act--reconsiderations which question in a fundamental way the objectivity of the subject, the autonomy of the object of study, and the neutrality of language. Recent advances in the field of translatology participate in this shift in paradigm, insofar as they dismantle the discourse of transparency and restore to translators their primary role in the reception/re-enunciation of the source text.A study of the production and reception of Anne Cameron's Daughters of Copper Woman (1981) demonstrates the extent to which the translator, in choosing to take on the stakes arising from the source text, becomes responsible for her/his performed act of mediating.
Furthermore, the translator must be prepared to accept the subjectivity of her/his own reading and ideological convictions, and to contest the value of invisibility traditionally attached to the translator' s role. Analysis of the translations of the first ten short stories of Daughters of Copper Woman illustrates how the translator's ideological stance orients her translation choices. In this thesis, the translator's process of textual intervention is examined from two distinct but complementary perspectives--the feminist and the Bermanian.
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Parlin, Melissa J. "“Great Resolve Comes Flashing Thro’ the Gloom”: Julia Margaret Cameron’s Writings and Photographic Legacy Illuminate a Resilient Vision of Victorian Women." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1273154377.
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Alasah, Akogutuh A. "Women's empowerment and community development in Cameroon : a case study of NGOs and women's organisations in the Northwest Province." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/69585/.
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This thesis investigates a contemporary issue in developing countries within the context of the Cameroon North-West Region. It seeks to understand how government policy and development organisations in Cameroon are empowering women and promoting their role in the community development (CD) process. It investigates and analyses the causes of gaps between policy implementation at the grassroots level which prevents women benefiting fully from the programmes initiated by government at the central level. The research is an empirical study which employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, informed by feminist paradigms and guided by the Interpretivists epistemological stand point. The case is the North-West Region of Cameroon, with particular focus on women’s development Non-Governmental Organisations and Women’s Groups. Semistructured interviews, questionnaires, focus groups and documentary analysis were the main methods of data generation. In seeking to understand why women’s role in the process of CD is still limited to basic activities at the household and local community levels it has become necessary to examine gender roles within the Cameroon socio-cultural milieu to observe how these are affecting the overall development process. The Government’s initiative to empower women all over Cameroon and promote their influence in the community is in recognition of the pivotal role they play in uplifting living standards and alleviating poverty particularly in the rural communities, which also falls within the government’s overall development plan for the nation. The research has found that recent efforts to promote this through policy and targeted programmes for women at the grassroots have been thwarted by a severe deficiency in financial and human resources, poor communication networks, high rates of illiteracy among women, corruption, politics of ethno-regional segregation and the lack of a mechanism for enforcing legislation. The thesis has thus, unpacked the rhetoric of government initiated programmes and the gaps between policy and implementation at the grassroots level. A new understanding or perception to the concept of empowerment which focuses on economic and welfare needs, different from the conventional meaning has been brought out through this research. This suggests that definitions of concepts such as empowerment must be brought within a specific sociocultural and political context. The thesis has made recommendations for what is required to be done if women are to be in the driving seat for rural development in Cameroon and the North-West Region in particular. The thesis concludes that Community Development and Women’s Empowerment are two complementary processes in Cameroon. While Community Development has a long history in the country and has been hailed as the total approach to development especially in the North-West Region, women’s empowerment on the other hand is generally considered a secular concept from the West which still has no place yet in any of Cameroon’s sub-cultural groups not least in the North-West Region. Local perceptions are that women should be empowered if only this means increasing their economic opportunities to earn and bring more money into the family and community and not more
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Wogaing, Jeannette. "Maternité et décès maternels à Douala (Cameroun) : approche socioanthropologique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG041.
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Etre mère est une aspiration pour de nombreuses femmes, même si à Douala, elles continuent de payer du lourd tribut de leur vie, l’accouchement. Paradoxalement, la réalité vécue par elles, enceintes et le personnel affecté à leur prise en charge reste méconnue ou ignorée par le grand public. Afin de comprendre ce phénomène, nous avons mené une enquête sur la base d’observation et d’entretiens avec les femmes enceintes, le personnel médical et paramédical et la parentèle de la parturiente de mars 2008 à décembre 2010 dans cinq établissements hospitaliers de la ville de Douala et ses environs. Cette recherche appréhende les éléments du discours pour re-construire le contexte anthropologique qu’il génère et dont il est le produit. Elle a permis de comprendre la contradiction entre la valorisation du statut de la parturiente et l’a-normalité des comportements pendant la parturition. Il en résulte un problème de concordance entre des attitudes culturellement marquées et des normes sanitaires. Les femmes, sans toutefois ignorer leur vulnérabilité et les conditions qui favorisent une fin heureuse de la grossesse, ne commencent que tardivement les consultations prénatalesBecoming a mother is the yearning of many women, even though in Douala, they continue to heavily pay with their very lives the act of childbirth. Paradoxically, the reality about what they go through while being pregnant, and the personnel assigned to manage them remains unrecognized or ignored by the general public. In order to understand this phenomenon, we carried out an enquiry based on observations and discussions with pregnant women, the medical/paramedical personnel, and the relatives of the parturient from March 2008 to December 2010, in five health institutions in the town of Douala. This research takes into account the various elements of discussion to rebuild the anthropological context generated by it, and of which it is also the product. It enables us to understand the contradiction between the valorisation of the parturient status, and the behavioural abnormalities during parturition. As a result, a concordance problem arises between the culturally marked attitudes, and the health norms. Though being vulnerable and aware of the conditions that favour a happy end of the pregnancy, the women still begin prenatal consultations late
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Banks, Amy Ellen Kuzniar Alice A. "Look at the woman I've become camp, gender and identity in Rainer Werner Fassbinder's The Marriage of Maria Braun and John Cameron Mitchell's Hedwig and the Angry Inch /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1560.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in the department of English and Comparative Literature." Discipline: English; Department/School: English.
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Nkolo, Asse Sosso Ginette Patience. "Les femmes entrepreneures dans la société politique camerounaise." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0067/document.
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Avec le retour du multipartisme au Cameroun dans les années mil neufcent quatre-vingt-dix, l’État camerounais voit émerger des nouveaux acteursparmi lesquelles les femmes entrepreneures. L’objectif de cette thèse est dedéterminer quels enseignements structurels, les dynamiques sociopolitiquesdes femmes entrepreneures dans la sphère sociopolitique nous livrent sur lefonctionnement du système politique camerounais à l’aune du genre. A traversce questionnement, l’objectif est de voir dans quelle mesure l’entrée desfemmes en général et l’intégration des femmes entrepreneures en particulierdans le système politique entraînent un changement d’ethos de la vie politiquecamerounaise fortement imprégnée de l’ethos de la notabilité-séniorité et de lamasculinité et fortement caractérisée par la gouvernance de la manducation etla politique de l’autoreproductionWith the return to multi party system in Cameroon in the 1990s,Cameroon’s state witnessed the rise of new players, including womenentrepreneurs. This thesis aims at determining the structural lessons learnedfrom the sociopolitical dynamics of women entrepreneurs in social and politicalsphere about the functioning of Cameroon’s political system with regard togender. Through this inquiry, our goal is to see how the entry of women ingeneral and mainstreaming of women entrepreneurs in particular in the politicalsystem results in a change of ethos on cameroon’s political life which is stronglymarked by the ethos of notability-seniority and manhood and mainlycharacterized by the governance of manducation and policy of self-replication
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Manguelle, Dicoum Biyong Marthe-Adèle. "Etude des hormones de la reproduction chez l'homme et la femme camerounais." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066647.
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Dosage chez 226 hommes et 179 femmes ages de 16 a 60 ans, des gonadotrophines et des hormones steroides sexuelles. L'etude des resultats en fonction des donnees concernant des populations de divers continents, fait apparaitre de petite differences mais surtout une grande stabilite ausi bien dans les profils que dans les valeurs des hormones etudiees par l'ensemble des populations
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Tanga, Pius Tangwe. "Social welfare policy towards female-headed households in Cameroon." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3482.
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The aim of this study was to explore social welfare policy towards female-headed households (FHHs) in Cameroon and to suggest ways of transforming the sector at policy and practical levels in order to ensure that the needs of members of FHHs are effectively met within a social development praxis. The methodology used in collecting data was semi-structured questionnaires, one for female household heads and the other for officials of the Ministry of Social Affairs (MINAS) and Ministry of Women's Affairs (MINCOF), supplemented by documentary sources. The target populations were made up of 85 officials and 14,535 female- households heads where a stratified random sample and
purposive sample of 25 and 335 respectively, were selected. Triangulation method was used in both the collection and analysis process. There were eight critical research questions postulated to guide the study, and the major
findings of the study included the following: Firstly, the economic conditions of FHHs were found to be fairly satisfactory. However, with the all-embracing responsibilities to themselves and their dependents, it was argued that this could offset their economic viability. Secondly, social services from various stakeholders were rated differently. From the National Social Insurance Fund (NSIF), social service delivery was rated to be below average, with corruption and long duration of processing of documents was perceived as factors causing inefficiency. Recurrent complaints and claims reported by
female household heads to MINAS included financial and other support though female-households heads rated their services to them as satisfactory, as complaints and claims reported were processed within a reasonable time. The main problems with MINAS were perceived to be a shortage of staff and poor working conditions. However, MINAS's empowering activities were found to be less than empowering. Also, those of women's empowerment centres (WECs) were not empowering, given the lack of befitting infrastructure and staff shortages. Thirdly, no form of social grant exists for members of FHHs, except occasional financial assistance to victims of calamities. Furthermore, the findings revealed that although most of the officials were acquainted with their ministerial objectives, which many held as relevant but unattainable and inapplicable. Many officials were not acquainted with current legislation on women. Ministerial objectives were perceived to be broad, compounded by staff shortages and low budgetary allocations. The findings also revealed that a majority of the staff of both ministries do participate differently in social welfare policy processes, especially due to their different professional orientations. Again, other basic social services such as healthcare and schools were provided in communities where members of FHHs live but were found to be expensive. The nonexistence of creches in most communities posed a huge problem to working female household heads who are forced to leave their children with others such as relatives, neighbours and other children putting them at risk. Others are forced to pay for babysitting from their meagre resources. Finally, female household heads suggested that to improve their lives, they need education and sensitisation on their rights and the initiation of special programmes for them as well as social grants , among other things. The above findings led to the following conclusions. Firstly, social welfare policy responses to the needs of women, especially members of FHHs, are narrowly based. Most of the few existing social welfare services are not accessible to many members of FHHs, especially given the fact that they have not been identified as needing special attention. Social welfare policy is based on the concept of gender equality without the recognition of the needs and aspirations of members of FHHs. Secondly, little legislation exists with regard to members of FHHs as a whole, except for some isolated pieces in favour of divorced and widowed women. Therefore, social welfare policy is not responsive to members of FHHs in Cameroon. Furthermore, social service delivery by social workers is limited in scope, as they are primarily engaged in curative rather than developmental social work, which is all-embracing. Similarly, the staff is not well acquainted with social welfare policy processes or other legislation pertaining to women whom they are serving. The factors, among others, responsible for this are the lack of a knowledge base and training deficiencies of the staff of these ministries. Finally, female household heads have utilised their ingenuity in the struggle against the current economic malaise through self-employment, full and
part-time/casual employment. However, the warding-off of poverty is an illusion given the diverse nature of their responsibilities. In the light of the above findings and conclusions, recommendations were made to various stakeholders. The need for social welfare policy to be responsive to women's
needs and aspirations, especially members of FHHs as well as the need to develop women-centred care was recommended. Also, policy makers were urged to institute social grants for members of FHHs and income security for children from FHHs. Furthermore, empowerment programmes such as job and skill training backed by low interest loans were also recommended in all divisions to strengthen capacity building. Again, basic quality affordable and accessible healthcare, childcare and education were recommended for female household heads and their children. Finally, recruitment and training of social workers as well as increased budgetary allocations and the institution of a gender perspective in the budgetary process were also put forward.
Social workers, it was recommended, need to practice all-embracing developmental social work. This could be enhanced through organising seminars and refresher courses for staff to keep them abreast of current theoretical and practical development in the profession. Also, social workers should undertake a re-appraisal of the profession's responses to the needs of needy and vulnerable groups such as FHHs and restructure the colonial social welfare policy that still dominates their actions. Finally, the curricula of the schools of social work need to be revised to give a sound knowledge base to social workers to enhance their engagement in social development praxis. The civil society, members of FHHs and the local communities were urged to be part of the social welfare policy processes. Finally, suggestions for further study were made.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2004.
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Fontebo, Helen Namondo. "Prison conditions in Cameroon: the narratives of female inmates." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13069.
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This study explores and critically analyses the lived experiences of female inmates in six selected prisons in Cameroon. The study contributes to the available knowledge regarding prison conditions from the perspectives of female inmates– a subject which has been under researched globally and has received little attention from researchers in Cameroon. The Cameroon Penitentiary Regulation (CPR) professes to be gender neutral and, therefore, it ignores the special needs of female inmates. The central research question is: How do the national policies and laws on prison conditions in Cameroon relate to the lived and narrated experiences of female inmates? The study is informed by two major frameworks, namely, Foucault’s analytical framework from his seminal work Discipline and Punish (1977) and a feminist analytical framework, standpoint feminism, which fills the gap in Foucault’s thesis that is largely devoid of gender analysis.
The study is qualitative, using in-depth interviews and observations. It involved a sample of 38 research participants, comprising 18 female inmates, 18 prison staff members and two NGO representatives. The findings reveal that both international and national ratified policies are merely “paperwork”, lacking effective implementation in the prisons selected for this study. There is a general lack of infrastructural facilities in prisons and this prevents classification as suggested by the CPR 1992 and ratified international instruments. In general, there was a lack of educational and other training facilities in all the prisons visited. The few educational facilities available were those supported by NGOs and FBOs, suggesting that, without their presence in prisons, prison conditions would have been even more appalling than the findings revealed. Torture and corporal punishment were meted out to female inmates, regardless of the regular visits by human rights organisations to prisons. There are no provisions made for conjugal visits in the prisons. Same-sex relationships exist in Cameroonian prisons, either because of sexual preference or as a substitute for heterosexual relationships.
The reform of the dated CPR 1992 and the Cameroon Penal Code 1967 is essential. Such reform should take into consideration both the specific needs of female inmates and current debates on the imprisonment of women.Sociology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)
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Frouisou, Samuel. "Women in the church in Africa, continuity in change : the case of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Cameroon from its inception to present day, (1923-1999)." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3271.
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The thesis aims at bringing to light the immense, yet ignored, contribution of women to the establishment of Christianity in Northern Cameroon. Northern Cameroon has a quite different historical development from the south of the country, with a significant difference being the presence of Islam in the north, which dates back to the beginning of the eleventh century. However, the situation of women in the church and society in Northern Cameroon today is no different from that experienced by women throughout centuries of male domination and, indeed, still experience in most of the traditions and cultures of the African continent. In highly patriarchal societies, like the African traditional societies of Northern Cameroon, in which Islam and Christianity have increasingly silenced and isolated women, it is very difficult to see clearly the
contribution of women in social, economic and cultural domains. In Northern Cameroon, as elsewhere, women's contribution to the country's development, as well as their involvement in planting Christianity has not been, and still is not being, properly acknowledged. Everything achieved for the advancement of the well being of society, even if achieved by a woman, has been attributed to a man. Yet, as my interest in the historical development of Christianity in Northern Cameroon grew, I realised that women were at the forefront of bringing Christianity into the region, and remain the main contributors in its spread throughout the region, even though official records do not mention them as the main contributors. Hence, this oral history study has made it possible to bring to light the role of not only the women missionaries, but also the African women in a major area of public life, the church, when their contribution to it has been denied for years. Therefore, the thesis is based mostly on oral interviews since nothing is written about the work of women in the church in Northern Cameroon, apart from the reports by missionaries for their mission societies. Hence, the aim of this study has been to explore both the past and the present of Christianity in Northern Cameroon in order to make known to a wider public the extent of women 's contribution to social, cultural, and religious
change. Thirty-five people were interviewed for this study in three different
countries, Cameroon, Norway and South Africa. Twenty-seven interviewees were women, eight were men and interviews were conducted in French, Fulfulde (an African language spoken by most people in Northern Cameroon), and in English. Fifteen interviewees either served or were still serving as missionaries in Cameroon, the remaining twenty were non-missionary Cameroon nationals, except for one person from Madagascar. Most of the women who contributed to this study were involved in the women's movement in the Lutheran church in Cameroon. Apart from a group of regional leaders of the Women For Christ (WFC), who were interviewed together during their annual meeting in 1999 in Ngaoundere, all interviews took place individually, and interviews were conducted in the form of free conversation so as not to limit the informant by a question and answer format. Despite telling their stories to myself, a man, the women were enthusiastic and openly willing to relate their experiences as church members, as well as their thoughts about how they believed relations between men and women should be. An explanation for this attitude is that most of the women knew me as one of the very few Lutheran ministers in the church in Cameroon with a concern for the position of women in both church and society. The thesis concludes with proposals in favour of the women's full participation in the ministries of the church, which include the ordained ministry, and some suggestions on the necessary mutual collaboration between men and women in social, economic and political domains in Northern Cameroon.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
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Ekone, Atem Gladys. "Women's empowerment for leadership position within the Presbyterian Church in Cameroon : a missiological exploration." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8293.
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This study is designed to explore the ways in which PCC’s missional engagement with Agenda
PCC 2000 programme has effectively facilitated the empowerment of women for leadership.
Under girded with a missiological framework, the exploration draws on insights from the
concept of the Mission of God (Missio Dei) and the resulting understanding of humanity created
in the image of God (Imago-Dei) and Koinonia that are used to analyze issues of mission,
leadership and partnership. African Feminist pastoral theory and Feminist cultural hermeneutics
are applied as theories to further guide the study. The study argues that man and woman are
created with equal dignity and they both represent God’s purpose on earth. In the light of this
theological understanding the study calls into question the PCC exclusion of women from senior
leadership role within its ecclesial community.
The research question of this study s: What are the experiences of women being empowered for
leadership within PCC since the launch of the Agenda PCC 2000 programme? The
methodology of the study followed a “mixed method approach” that involves collecting and
analyzing more than one form of data in a single study as a design in addressing complex
questions in an interdisciplinary research. The process of data analysis involved making sense of
the empirical and non-empirical data to ascertain and understand the meaning of the data
obtained through interviews. Through textual criticism and discussion with women sharing their
experiences on empowerment and leadership positioning, revealed that some women are
included in leadership positions but they are alienated by the patriarchal ecclesial power
structures of the PCC.
If the PCC is to be effective in its missional and ecclesial endeavours’ it needs to embrace a
theology of partnership of women and men in leadership structures of the church. The study
asserted that if equal space and equity are given to both men and women to participate in
decision-making, then fresh approaches to leadership and understanding of mission will be
opened. The study concluded that the PCC can do much more in balancing the gender gap if it
follows the Trinitarian model of leadership by restructuring its male dominating pattern of
leadership that permeates its administrative structures.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.
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Nkealah, Naomi Epongse. "Challenging hierarchies in Anglophone Cameroon literature: women, power and visions of change in Bole Butake's plays." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/10444.
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Through an in-depth analysis of selected texts, this study engages with the ways in which the
Anglophone Cameroonian playwright, Bole Butake, interprets questions of gender, sex and
female power. The study traces the evolution of Butake’s vision of women from his first play
Betrothal without Libation (1982) to his latest play Family Saga (2005). The analysis focuses
on how women construct power in the imaginary worlds of Butake’s writing and how, in
turn, power is constructed through them. Questions of femininities and masculinities are
probed in an effort to determine the writer’s ideological leanings. Using a feminist
framework, particularly that postulated by acclaimed scholar Florence Stratton (1994), this
work engages with Butake’s nine published plays with the simple objective of deconstructing
the different layers of meanings embedded in the dramatic narratives’ construction of power
politics within urban and rural spaces.
This study aims to critique not only Butake’s use of imagery, allegory and other narrative
techniques in his creative imagining of women’s identities, but also the gender implications
of hierarchical formations within the worlds of Butake’s plays. Essentially, the thesis looks at
Butake’s constructions of female power and women’s agency and the implications these have
on feminist discourses.
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Ashu, G. M. "African women in political leadership : a comparative study of cameroon (1192-2011) and SOuth Africa (1994-2011) / G.M Ashu." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/16187.
Full textAbstract:
The main aim of the study was to compare the state of women's political
representation in the leadership structures of South Africa and Cameroon after
almost two decades of multi-party politics in these two African states. The
objectives were: to examine the structures and mechanisms that have been put
in place in both countries to promote and advance gender equality and women's
empowerment; to find out the obstacles which inhibit women's political
representation or their advancement; and to explore whether improved women's
representation could change Africa's political culture. The study has been
conceptualized within the theories of leadership, liberal feminism, patriarchy and
social dominance.
The unit of analysis was women in leadership structures of parliament, political
parties and government. The study used a qualitative research approach, and
designs used were comparative case-study, phenomenology and historical
designs. A stratified purposive sampling approach was used in the selection of
120 participants from political parties, NGOs and academia. There were 75
participants in South Africa and 45 in Cameroon, inclusive of males and females.
A collective case or triangulation method of data collection was also utilized
which consisted of interviews, a focus group discussion, an open-ended
questionnaire, observation and secondary data.
The study found that comparatively, there were many more women represented
in political leadership in South Africa than in Cameroon. In addition, many
structures and mechanisms have been put in place in South Africa to cater for
gender equality and women's empowerment. However, even with a high number
of women at the helm of government, this has not made the South African
society less patriarchal. Indeed, women in both countries still face many
obstacles in their quest for advancement in the political arena.
Ultimately, the study found that, evidence from South Africa, Rwanda and Liberia
showed that increased women's representation in political leadership positions
could obviously change Africa's political culture. Indicators raised were that,
women in politics would be involved in development and peace issues, gender-sensitive
policies, women's empowerment and there would be participatory
democracy.
The study recommends among other things that, though gender equity is
commendable, women's voices and grassroots opinions of both women and men
should guide processes of putting women in leadership positions. Moreover,
gender equality and women's empowerment at the community level is still a
struggle. Hence the need for educational and consciousness-raising programmes
aimed at communities which still regard women as incompetent and unable to
contribute positively to their societies.Thesis (Phd in Peace studies) North west University, Mafikeng Campus, 2012.
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Mouchingam, Mefire Laurentine. "Politiques publiques, programmes et projets sensibles au genre : cas de la communauté Mandjara au Cameroun." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20435.
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Kubíková, Kateřina. "Genderová politika Velké Británie za Davida Camerona a Tonyho Blaira." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405860.
Full textAbstract:
(in English): The aim of the theses is to map the development of feminization of two main British political parties, Conservative and Labour party from the point of view of descriptive participation, i.e. women representation in the party and parliamentary structure. Incorporation of women organization into the party structure including also integration of women's concerns into the party manifesto is another topic presented in the text. Attitude towards women advancement and women enfranchisement based on the overall perception of women identity are also included. The second part of the thesis focuses on specific premiership period of Tony Blair and David Cameron with regards to the aspect of feminization mentioned above and legislative steps and their influence on life and position of women in wider society. As a part of the theses, the comparison of both terms of office, from the point of view of their attitudes towards women's issues and strategies of promoting women political participation, are involved.
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Ebos, Mary. "Julia Margaret Cameron's Ceylonese photographs : a feminist visual cultural analysis /." 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR51698.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Women's Studies.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 336-370). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR51698
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Van, Genderen Kate. "Evelyn Cameron: a study in three parts of her photography, diary, and life in Montana." Thesis, 2017. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8546.
Full textAbstract:
Evelyn Jephson Cameron (1868-1928) was born to a wealthy merchant family outside London. At the age of twenty-five, she moved to Terry, Montana to raise horses and homestead with her husband, Ewen Cameron. Evelyn Cameron recorded their time in eastern Montana in her daily diary entries, which span over thirty-five years from 1893 to 1928. She became a self-taught professional photographer, and made thousands of photographs with large-format cameras of the people in the towns of Terry, Fallon, and Marsh. She photographed the landscape, birds, and other animals she kept as pets or encountered in the wild. She wrote in her private diary nearly every day, offering a first-person point of view of life for women in the late nineteenth-century in the American West. This thesis focuses on three particular aspects of Cameron’s life. The first chapter focuses on spaces or mediums that Cameron had access to that offered her autonomy and privacy, things which were often difficult for women to find at this time. These spaces and mediums include her photography, her diary, and her darkroom, all of which gave her different sorts of calm or control. The second chapter delves into Cameron’s photographic portraits of herself and other women, looking into how women portrayed themselves and others in the American West. Cameron depicted herself as a part of the natural world, and she also did so when capturing other women. The final chapter analyzes Cameron’s identity as a Montanan, from her conscious choice to move there to her refusal to return to Britain permanently. She gained American citizenship in 1918 and took living in Montana seriously. Her diary reveals a deep awareness of the natural world and records accomplishments and events that help to build and strengthen her relationship with her chosen home.Graduate
2018-08-25
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Dongmo, Kahou Paulette Flore. "Contribution à l’éradication des problèmes liés à la polygamie au Canada, au Cameroun et en Côte-d’Ivoire : essai féministe de théorie interdisciplinaire critique des différentes politiques de gouvernance." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21174.
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