Relevant bibliographies by topics / Women – Employment – Sociological aspects

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Women – Employment – Sociological aspects'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Women – Employment – Sociological aspects"

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Burbyka, Mykhailo, Alyona Klochko, Mykola Logvinenko, and Kateryna Gorbachova. "Separate aspects of legal regulation of women’s labour rights." International Journal of Law and Management 59, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-02-2016-0021.

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Purpose This paper aims to cover the problems arising in the process of women employment. The purpose is to investigate problems arising in the process of women employment, to analyse the existence of discriminatory aspects with regard to certain categories of workers, and to give recommendations for overcoming discrimination against women in the labour market. Design/methodology/approach The research was based on formal–logical and general scientific cognitive methods (analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization and deduction and induction). Systems and functional methods were used. The methods of concrete-sociological researches were used to gather, analyse and process legal information. The comparative-legal methods determined the actual realization of gender equality principles in different countries. Findings The Ukrainian labour legislation is imperfect and should be reformed, so as to not only declare but also protect women’s rights, in accordance with the current realities and fluctuations in the labour market. Practical implications The research helps overcome gender and age discrimination in Ukraine’s labour market, especially the relations that emerge at the employment stage. Discrimination against women at this stage is one of the most common forms of gender inequality. Originality/value Certain gaps in the labour legislation were found. The level of conformity of the current labour-relations-regulating legislation with the policy of equal rights and opportunities for women and men was determined. Recommendations, aimed at changing legal regulations to prevent gender discrimination, were developed, with a view to solving existing gender-related problems in the field of labour.
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Hadley, Robin A. "‘It's most of my life – going to the pub or the group’: the social networks of involuntarily childless older men." Ageing and Society 41, no. 1 (July 3, 2019): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000837.

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AbstractThe social networks of older people are a significant influence on their health and wellbeing. Adult children are an important element in their parent's network and provide the majority of informal care. The morphology of personal networks alters with age, employment, gender and relationships. Not having children automatically reduces both vertical familial structure and affects the wider formal and informal social links that children can bring. Childless men are missing from gerontological, reproduction, sociological and psychological research. These fields have all mainly focused on family and women. This paper reports on an auto/biographical qualitative study framed by biographical, feminist, gerontological and lifecourse approaches. Data were gathered from semi-structured biographical interviews with 14 self-defined involuntarily childless men aged between 49 and 82 years old. A latent thematic analysis highlighted the complex intersections between childlessness and individual agency, relationships and socio-cultural structures. The impact of major lifecourse events and non-events had significant implications for how childless people perform and view their social and self-identity. I argue that involuntary childlessness affects the social, emotional and relational aspects of men's lived experience across the lifecourse.
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Gavrilyuk, T. V. "Genderproblematics inwestern class analysis: the dynamics oftheoretical approaches." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 24, no. 4 (January 12, 2019): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2018-24-4-26-40.

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The article represents an analytical review of the axiomatics of sociological approaches to class analysis, taking into account gender diferentiation since the 1940s till nowadays. Te problems of primary units selection of the class analysis, conceptual grounds for determining the class position of women and the features of their social status, conditioned by this position, ways of normalizing gender inequality in conventional approaches and criticizing their legitimacy have been considered in the research. It has been found that within the framework of the structural and functional approach of T. Parsons, the class status of the individual is ascetic, the main mechanism for its acquisition and transmission is kinship, while gender inequality is regarded as condition for maintaining the stability of the social system. Te changing structure of employment and women’s emancipation has led to the revision of the conventional approach foundations by problem consideration of families as the primary units of class analysis. Subsequently, the dominant approach of J. Goldthorpe eliminates the gender inequality aspect, linking the class position of the household with the position of the partner who plays a leading role in its economic provision. E.O. Wright’s approach, representing an infuential neo-Marxist alternative model of class analysis, presupposes the existence of an individual actor as the initial element of class analysis. At the same time, the author emphasizes the existence of exploitation relations in the family, as well as the high degree of risk and uncertainty of the social status of a signifcant number of women. Awareness of the role of individualization in social dynamics, changes in the structure of the global economy and the consequences of de-industrialization in the 1990s changed the original axiomatics of class analysis. Te focus of attention has shifed from the disputes about the criteria of class diferentiation to the analysis of real diferences in people’s way of life, generated by social inequality. Modern studies of social inequality take into account the intersection of gender, class, racial and other characteristics of individuals and communities.
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Yarasheva, A. V. "Regional aspects of youth labor employment." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2018-4-45-52.

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The article addresses the issues of youth employment and factors affecting the success of employment. Based on official statistics, unemployment rates are compared by age groups in the federal districts ofRussia. The analysis of the situation inMoscowand in the regions of theFar Eastrevealed the most vulnerable in terms of employment group of the population – from 15 to 29 years. According to the results of their own sociological research carried out in the metropolitan metropolis, there are presented: channels for finding vacancies, reasons that impede the employment of young people, difficulties in communicating directly with employers, and willingness to retrain. The greatest problems in the employment of young people (including graduates of universities and colleges) are the lack of necessary experience and an appropriate level of education. It is revealed that the most effective ways of finding jobs for young people are special sites on the Internet and contacting the city employment service. The structure of young unemployed by level of education in the Russian macro-regions is considered. Comparison of the situation in the regions of the Far East and inMoscowshowed the presence of similar problems, including an oversupply of trained specialists in the professions lawyer, economist, manager. The imbalance between the needs of the labor market and the supply of young labor requires decision-making at the federal and regional levels.
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Grimov, Oleg. "Commissioned educational and scientific works as a freelance activity: socio-economic aspects." Economic Annals-ХХI 186, no. 11-12 (December 28, 2020): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v186-17.

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Nowadays, a large segment of shadow economy is related to educational and scientific works to order. It is characterized by significant demand. Special types of social and economic entities, their practices and interactions are formed in the structure of this market. However, meaningful characteristics of such employment are virtually unexplored. It can be noted that the place of this employment in the general context of freelance is not sufficiently studied. Its professional structure, its specifics and financial and economic characteristics, as well as social values and attitudes of performers of commissioned works, are not sufficiently studied. This paper is aimed at filling these gaps. The purpose of the paper is a socio-economic analysis of employment in preparing commissioned educational and scientific works. The results of the author’s sociological study (an expert survey of work performers, N = 48), as well as statistical and secondary sociological data are given. Social and economic parameters of preparing commissioned educational and scientific works are considered. An analysis of economic characteristics of commissioned educational and scientific works was carried out; a typology of motivations of this employment is given. The author concludes that preparation of commissioned works has social and economic attractiveness for performers in the general context of informal employment. Mechanisms for professionalization and continuation of this activity are being formed, which has an impact on market and educational institutions.
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Glower, Judith. "Women and Scientific Employment." Science & Technology Studies 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55149.

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In the first section of this paper I present a brief picture, using available data, of the current situation of UK women in scientific education and employment. I then discuss the need for new data and describe some of the initiatives which have been taking place, primarily at the European level, to redress this issue. In the third section, having listed the various arguments which can be found in the literature about why the ‘women and science’ issue matters, I focus particularly on a new development in European Commission thinking: the link with the ‘science and society’ perspective. Finally, I offer some thoughts about the limitations of gathering quantitative data only, arguing that qualitative research into the institutions of science is also required if we are to understand more about the cultural aspects of science that appear to be persistently alienating for girls and women.
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Bobkov, V. N. "Characteristics of Instability of Standard and Non-standard Employment in Contemporary Russia." World of new economy 12, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2018-12-3-128-139.

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Precarious employment is becoming more and more widespread in the world and inRussia. It is the destruction of the traditional standard model of employment, labour and social rights of workers to secure and sustainable employment. This is one of the problematic areas of modern social relations, exacerbated by the industrial revolution 4.0, globalization of global relations in all areas and their use in the interests of national and world capital. In the article, the author characterizes the essence of precarious employment and presents the results of a sociological study of precarious employment in a representative group. It allowed expanding the sociological tools of its study and the use of sociological indicators to identify groups of workers in relation to precarious employment. The author also studied the parameters of the specified representative group, clarified the indicators of precarious employment and their quantitative values that identify certain aspects. As a result, the author identified four profiles of contemporary employment inRussia, characterized by increasing signs of precarious employment and gave their comparative characteristics. Further, the author described the differences in socio-demographic, socio-labour and economic characteristics of workers belonging to different profiles of employment. On this basis, the author justified the need to transform labour, civil and other legislation, which would allow more fully using the advantages of standard and flexible employment for employees of various segments of the Russian labour market, ensuring, at the same time, compliance with their labour and social rights.
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Żulicki, Remigiusz. "The employment of Łódź University tourism and recreation graduates: A sociological analysis." Turyzm/Tourism 27, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.27.1.16.

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This article is focused on selected aspects of the economic ‘fate’ of Tourism and Recreation graduates of the University of Łódź (UŁ). Its aim is to seek answers to the question: ‘What determines graduate employment?’ Surveys conducted by the Career Office of University of Łódź among graduates one year after graduation in 2014, 2015 and 2016 are the empirical basis. Tourism and Recreation graduates were compared with others from the Faculty of Geographical Sciences UŁ. The logistic regression technique was used to predict the status of graduate employment based on independent variables. The strongest predictors of graduate employment were structural and institutional characteristics. The quantitative results were interpreted in the context of the modern role of universities.
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Żulicki, Remigiusz. "THE EMPLOYMENT OF ŁÓDŹ UNIVERSITY TOURISM AND RECREATION GRADUATES: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS." Turyzm 27, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tour-2017-0008.

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Abstract This article is focused on selected aspects of the economic ‘fate’ of Tourism and Recreation graduates of the University of Łódź (UŁ). Its aim is to seek answers to the question: ‘What determines graduate employment?’ Surveys conducted by the Career Office of University of Łódź among graduates one year after graduation in 2014, 2015 and 2016 are the empirical basis. Tourism and Recreation graduates were compared with others from the Faculty of Geographical Sciences UŁ. The logistic regression technique was used to predict the status of graduate employment based on independent variables. The strongest predictors of graduate employment were structural and institutional characteristics. The quantitative results were interpreted in the context of the modern role of universities.
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Tóth, Olga, and Péter Róbert. "Sociological and Historical Aspects of Entry into Marriage." Journal of Family History 19, no. 4 (September 1994): 351–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909401900403.

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This study analyses the timing of first entry into marriage of Hungarian men and women born between 1916 and 1967. Marriages take place at a considerably earlier age than the West European average, and at the same time show significant differences between cohorts. In the course of the analysis we consider the social and economic circumstances which affect the timing of entry into marriage, and we connect the variables of men and women's educational attainment with their age at marriage. In each cohort we examine the sociological characteristics of those who marry significantly earlier or later than the average for their generation, i.e. than the “normal” age.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women – Employment – Sociological aspects"

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Hou, Rong. "Attitude change in female undergraduates toward occupation goals and role orientation." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1558.

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Evetts, Julia. "Sociological aspects of women in primary teaching : career contexts and strategies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28436/.

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This collection of articles and the book are a product of one piece of research on the careers of women in teaching. The research began with a statistical analysis of the career characteristics of women and men in teaching in one educational authority using data collated from Teachers' Service Cards. Then the research focused on women in primary teaching. Career history interviews were conducted with twenty-five married women who were headteachers of primary or infant schools from two educational areas of an English midlands county. The data for the research consisted of the Teachers' Service Cards, the interview material, together with DES official statistics on Teachers in Service. The articles appear in the order they were published. The first article contains an examination of material from the Teachers' Service Cards. Articles two, three and four are analyses of aspects of the women head teachers subjective careers based on the interview data. The fifth article examines aspects of the local labour market for primary teachers using the interview data. The sixth article argues that the use of career history material can make a significant contribution to sociological understanding about careers. The seventh article uses official statistics to explore the effects of the wider contexts of expansion and contraction on primary teachers careers. The book represents an attempt to bring together the themes and issues in the articles and to develop them further.
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Wålander, Sara. "Women taking up employment : - A sociological gender-study on Argentinean women's way towards emancipation." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3245.

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This study in sociology is the result of a MFS-project, sponsored by SIDA. The ideal in Argentina, at least for the upper classes, has for a long time been the man as bread-winner, the one who supports the family and the woman as the home-maker, the one who stays at home, taking care of house and children. Working-class women have always been working even though it has not been shown in the statistics. This feminist study in sociology is about what influence Argentinean women in their way towards emancipation but also about patriarchy as their biggest obstacle. The study is based on theories based on that in the world there is a world-order controlled by men. Another important theory is that it is easier for working women to reach emancipation in comparison with house-wives, because working women develop themselves in an economic as well as on a personal level. Additionally I went to the field in the Buenos-Aires area in Argentina during October until November 2000 where I did eleven interviews with Argentinean working mothers. I want to emphasize that as the interviews are eight years old, I have chosen not to integrate them very much through the essay, but instead showing them in a special chapter. I have, therefore, not given the interviews a central role in the essay. Instead, I emphasize the theories in the essay. The method I am using is qualitative method, with deep-interviews, the hermeneutic method and of course comparing theories from other authors. The conclusions I have come up with mean that the post-modern feminism is an important tool to understand the diversity of women and womens´ different conditions around the world. By realising these differences it would become easier to challenge the widespread patriarchy in Argentina. Argentinean women could reach emancipation by labour work and education that contribute to development on an economic and on a personal level. Even doing a voluntary work would contribute to this self-esteem and consciousness that are crucial for women on their way towards emancipation.

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Gagné, Marie-Anik. "Worry and the traditional stress model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/NQ44434.pdf.

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Moriyama, Nancy Yoshie. "Eating disorders in Japanese women : a cross-cultural comparison with Canadian women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ43919.pdf.

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NORTHCUTT, CECILIA ANN. "PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SUCCESSFUL CAREER WOMEN." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184089.

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This study used a questionnaire designed to identify personal characteristics that successful career women have in common across career fields. Information was elicited on self-esteem, achievement motivation, self-descriptive words, ethnicity, age, income level and occupational field, among other things. Subjects were women publicly recognized as successful by their peers. Twenty three of the sample (n = 249) were randomly selected for interviews. The questionnaire responses were analyzed to identify differences in self-esteem and achievement motivation between occupational fields, age, income levels, ordinal positions and other independent variables. Collectively, the results identified a high degree of self-esteem as the strongest characteristic shared by these successful career women. Additionally, self-esteem was affected by ordinal position of the subjects and related to the level of the women's perceived success and emotional compensation satisfaction. The career women defined the major components of success as: (1) achieving one's personal goals, (2) receiving recognition from others, (3) enjoying one's work, and (4) contributing to the community, to others, etc. The career women generally described themselves as responsible, competent, and hardworking. Non-traditional career women described themselves somewhat differently, as responsible, enthusiastic and confident. There was no statistical support for a relationship to achievement motivation. This finding, combined with the career women's definition of success, shows that items used in the questionnaire did not measure achievement motivation for this group. Several conclusions were drawn from the data analysis: (1) career women who have been publicly recognized by their peers have a high level of self-esteem; (2) women have a unique pattern of career development; (3) women focused more on "contributing to society/to others" than on "earning a high salary," and (4) women defined themselves as "hardworking" rather than "achievement oriented." Hypotheses made on the basis of previous research on career women and on Individual Psychology theory were generally supported. Future research on career women would be appropriate.
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Earnshaw, A. P. Russell. "The experience of job insecurity for women university graduates in temporary and contract jobs in Vancouver." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26808.

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Field research was used to document the psychological and contextual experience of job insecurity for 15 graduate women in jobs with limited tenure and protection. Single, hour-long, intensive focused interviews were used, employing a projective technique. Transcripts of taped interviews were analyzed for factors associated with positive and negative emotional shifts. Factors were categorized and grouped into domains, which included: the nature of the subjects' job insecurity; effects on work performance, work relations, emotional and physical health, finances, leisure, and, personal and family life. The experience was shown to fit a transition model of loss and adaption to change. Major stressors were uncertainty, financial fears, pressure to perform, loss of trust, job search and career fears. Typical cognitions included: self doubt; feeling unappreciated, disillusioned, powerless and isolated. Cynicism and feeling compromised were less common reactions. Work relations, and work performance were generally adversely affected as were leisure activities and family life. Financial retrenchment was common. All subjects reported stress and anxiety; some reported depressive symptoms. Thirteen coping strategies were identified. Cognitive coping was prominent, in particular, denial-like processes used to maintain optimism. "Good coping" and "poor coping" profiles were developed from the data.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Schopp, Georgeanne. "Reciprocity in middle aged women's same-sex close friendships : a qualitative study /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020142/.

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Kimberling, Cheryl Gray. "The Sociological Factors Associated with the Career Development of Women Theological Graduates." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332363/.

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Because it is representative of other Southern Baptist seminaries and distinguished by a vigorous graduate program, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary (SWBTS) was chosen as the institution from which the population was taken. The study, conducted in 1984, collected data about women graduates of SWBTS for the years 1975, 1978, and 1981, with the following purposes: (1) to develop a profile of women who choose seminary education as an avenue of career preparation; (2) to determine the degree of influence of significant others --individuals in the family, school, peer group, and the church -- on women pursuing graduate education in order to prepare for ministry vocations. Among the findings of the study are these observations: 1. Despite a consistently supportive role from church pastors about respondents' career choices before, during, and after seminary, few seminary graduates encountered clergywomen as role models, or received material support from their home churches, and many encountered gender bias and discrimination as they sought ministry-related careers throughout their educational careers and afterwards. 2. The most desired career choices expressed by respondents include missionary, age group minister, counselor, minister of education, and college or seminary teacher. 3. The least desired career choices of respondents include minister of music, graded choir director, church musician, minister of outreach, pastor, associate pastor, chaplain, and recreation specialist. 4. Mothers, fathers, campus ministers, close friends, fellow seminary students, and missionaries and mission activities were cited, variously, as positively influencing seminary graduates at different stages of their careers. The study's conclusions include the further observation that despite disturbing discrimination against them, the women querried remained faithful to the Southern Baptist denomination, desired to serve, and wished for self improvement in their study and growth.
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Gonick, Marnina K. "Working from home : women, work and family." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63862.

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Books on the topic "Women – Employment – Sociological aspects"

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Institut de recherche pour le développement (France), ed. Femmes, économie et développement: De la résistance à la justice sociale. Toulouse: Érès, 2011.

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Haug, Frigga, Sabine Gruber, and Stephan Krull. Arbeiten wie noch nie!?: Unterwegs zur kollektiven Handlungsfähigkeit. Hamburg: Argument, 2010.

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Cross-class families: A study of wives' occupational superiority. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press, 1986.

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Tourism and gender relations: A sociological analysis. Colombo: Sadeepa Publishers, 2010.

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Work time: Conflict, control and change. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2012.

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Gregory, Abigail. Women's work in Britain and France: Practice, theory, and policy. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

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Showunmi, Victoria. Why British Black women have difficulty finding employment: A sociological analysis. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 2012.

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Russell, Alice. Harmonization of employment conditions in Britain: Some causes and consequences. Aberystwyth: University College of Wales, Dept. of Economics and Agricultural Economics, 1992.

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Emori, Itsuo. Rekishi no naka no josei: Jinruigaku to hōshakaigaku kara no kōsatsu. Tōkyō: Sairyūsha, 1995.

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Huntly, Alyson. Employment. [Toronto]: Division of Mission in Canada, United Church of Canada, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Women – Employment – Sociological aspects"

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Aytekin, Güner Koç. "Importance of Women Employment in Economy." In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science, 188–206. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6301-3.ch010.

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Women, who make up half of the world's population, are one of the key elements for social progress and development. However, women's participation in economic life, the level of utilization from social and economic development, unfortunately, is not directly proportional to the population. In a global sense, women live profound inequalities in many ways such as the economy, education, health, and social, which in turn significantly affects global development in a negative way. Women taking part in economic life ensures participation of them in the workforce at the ideal level and increases employment which is one of the main requirements of sustainable growth and development and is also the key to achieving a sustainable and balanced structure of growth and development. The low level of female employment at international standards leads to structural, economic, and social negativity in many aspects for a country. In this chapter, Turkey's case is discussed by investigating the place and the importance of women in the economy.
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Williams, David, and Dawn Dickson. "Women in Finance and Gender Pay." In Eversheds Sutherland: The Employment Practitioner’s Guide to Financial Institutions: Key Aspects of the Regulatory Framework. Bloomsbury Professional, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781526504234.chapter-011.

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Solera, Cristina. "Conceptualising influences on women’s employment transitions: from various sociological and economic theories towards an integrated approach." In Women in and out of paid workChanges across generations in Italy and Britain, 14–51. Policy Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781861349309.003.0002.

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"Indigenous Knowledge as Resource to Poverty." In Sociological Perspectives on Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction in Rural Populations, 237–53. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4646-8.ch010.

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This chapter examines the ways in which African rural youths and women seek opportunities to innovate and adapt indigenous knowledge as a locally developed resource of community resilience in the attempt to reduce household poverty. Two case groups are discussed in this chapter, and both engaged in self-employment enterprises. The groups drew upon their ecological and cultural knowledge, enabling themselves through shoestring budgets to sustain their livelihood and community wellbeing. The chapter shows that unemployment affects young people and rural women from all occupations and ethnic groups, a situation that puts them in a vulnerable and precarious living condition and possibly in poverty trap. The analysis showed that for most of youth found on the Tanzania's streets and urban municipalities, a secondary education has not proven useful in practical knowledge, skills, values, or attitudes necessary to enter the world of work or to become self-employed.
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Birbaumer, Andrea, Marianne Tolar, and Ina Wagner. "Biographical Stories of European Women Working in ICT." In Information Communication Technologies, 472–79. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-949-6.ch031.

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There is a deep gender imbalance in information and communication technology (ICT) professions which are only about 17% female (compare Valenduc et al., 2004, p. 19) and, simultaneously, an unsatisfied demand for ICT professionals at intermediate and high levels. Although varying in different sectors and countries, a gender imbalance and a skills shortage are common features of the ICT labour market in Europe. This is an obstacle to the development of the knowledge economy and the achievement of social cohesion. The project WWW-ICT1 implements an integrated approach to the various aspects and dimensions of gender gaps in ICT professions, covering explicative factors linked to education and training, working and employment conditions, professional and technical culture. Most existing studies have limitations and gaps. They are often limited to classical computer professions, while WWW-ICT intends to encompass new professions linked to new communication technology, also taking into account the vocational training system. Studies of the shortage of ICT professionals are mostly centred on the demand/supply relation, while we focus more on the role of professional models and professional trajectories as a factor of integration or exclusion. In general terms, employment in the ICT sector has been growing very markedly across the EU in recent years. The sector is increasingly dominated by specialist firms, which have taken over the provision of computing services for client companies. Computer services in the EU are dominated by SMEs; the majority of computer services businesses are micro-businesses employing less than ten employees (Björnsson, 2001). Despite the predominance of micro-businesses, there is a huge concentration of employment in bigger companies. This is the context within which women are employed in ICT.
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Abdel-Hameid, Shahira O., and Elisabeth Wilson. "Gender, Organization, and Change in Sudan." In Handbook of Research on Women's Issues and Rights in the Developing World, 107–20. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3018-3.ch007.

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The position of women and role of gender in Sudan has been researched from anthropological, sociological and economic traditions. This study will review the position of Sudanese women within the formal employment sector, setting this within the specific political, economic and social context of the country. In addition, it will examine women in political and voluntary settings, as these are also important decision making arenas. There has been little published material previously on this topic. The study draws on secondary data from unpublished studies and master's dissertations, and also grey material available in Sudan. In addition, semi-structured interviewing of a purposive sample of selected informants was used. The data were analysed thematically. The findings were that many behavioural patterns seen elsewhere were evident in Sudan, such as stereotyping and discrimination. However, educated Sudanese women sought equality within a man's world, unlike the equal but different gender roles found by Metcalfe (2007) in parts of the Middle East.
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Arslan, Hicabi, and Aslihan Topal. "Evaluation of Women's Perspectives in the East Societies on New Media News." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 778–98. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7180-4.ch044.

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Turkey is located frequently in women's media. The representation of women in the media, which should be evaluated in many aspects such as sociological, psychological, political, economic, and legal, has been frequently the subject of academic studies. In the country and in the world, women can generally find their place in the media within the social roles assigned to them. The view of countries towards women is also shaped by the effect of cultural, economic, political, and social structures. In Eastern cultures, the woman is usually burdened with roles in need of protection, such as the woman of her home, the mother of her child, a good wife, a self-sacrificing woman who lives at home.
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Czibere, Ibolya, and Andrea Rácz. "Characteristics of and gender differences in young Hungarians’ attitudes and intentions on emigration." In Global Youth Migration and Gendered Modalities, edited by Glenda Tibe Bonifacio, 257–76. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447340195.003.0014.

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This chapter is based on the Hungarian Youth Research 2012, in which 8000 young people aged 15-29 were interviewed within a national representative sociological examination. In this study, the issue of international migration, especially of foreign employment trends, and the mobility intentions and attitudes of young Hungarians in terms of gender differences are examined.The global social contexts of the migration process in Hungary are examined through the theory of dual or segmented labor market, mobility theories, and models of integration. In 2011, many European Union's member states opened their labor markets to Hungarian workers, so more and more young people consider working abroad within the legal framework as an attractive prospect. This chapter analyzed what causes and motivations lie behind international migration, and what factors influenced young Hungarians to work or study abroad. It also discussed the factors that increase or hinder the migratory propensity, and the differences of opinion between young women and men.
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Lyon, E. Stina. "Karl Mannheim and Viola Klein: Refugee Sociologists in Search of Social Democratic Practice." In In Defence of Learning. British Academy, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264812.003.0012.

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This chapter recounts the story of a relationship forged out of a shared intellectual past, a passion for sociology as a discipline, and the circumstances of being academic refugees. Karl Mannheim (1893–1947), whose sociological writings count amongst the classics in the discipline, arrived in Britain in 1933 as one of the first beneficiaries of the Academic Assistance Council/Society for the Protection of Science and Learning (SPSL). Viola Klein (1908–1973), a pioneer in the field of the sociology of women, also arrived in Britain as a refugee from the onslaught of National Socialism, though without the assistance of SPSL. For a brief period during the war, Mannheim became Klein's Ph.D. tutor at the London School of Economics. Theirs is a story of academic success and enduring intellectual legacy, but also of the hardships of displacement, marginality, tireless networking, and backbreaking daily slog to find employment, academic recognition, and a platform from which to contribute to the country they proudly came to see as their own.
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Nugmanova, Maigul. "Enhancing Quality of Higher Education and Employability in Kazakhstan: Gender Aspects." In Education, Human Rights and Peace in Sustainable Development. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90340.

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How can the higher education system of Kazakhstan be improved so that graduates are in demand in the labor market and are prepared for the challenges of a changing world? This chapter provides an analysis of the quality assurance (hereinafter the QA) systems of European universities, national QA system analysis of Kazakhstan, Belgium, France, and Sweden; and survey of internal QA systems in Kazakhstani Universities. This chapter examines the possibilities and acceptability of applying the best European practices in Kazakhstani Universities and argues that educational reforms successful in Europe may be ineffective in Kazakhstan due to the different starting conditions to reform. This chapter agrees that improvement of the internal standards of the QA and the quality culture contribute to improving the education quality and graduates employability, provided that all other areas such as economy, business, and living standards shall comply with international standards. The main aspects of this research deal with the interrelation between quality of education and employability of graduates, interconnection between gender discrimination and restricted employment opportunities of women. The chapter argues that the quality of higher education and training of highly qualified and employable specialists are the important prerequisites of sustainable social and economic development of society.
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Conference papers on the topic "Women – Employment – Sociological aspects"

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Billig, A., and L. Nentwig. "Mecomp.net - organizational, sociological and technological aspects of a community network in the field of education and employment." In Proceedings Eleventh Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/empdp.2003.1183632.

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Erdei, Renáta J., and Anita R. Fedor R. Fedor. "The Phenomenon and the Characteristics of Precariate in Hungary: Labormarket situation, Precariate, Subjective health." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10284.

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Anita R. Fedor- Renáta J. Erdei Abstract The focus of our research is labor market integration and the related issues like learning motivation, value choices, health status, family formation and work attitudes. The research took place in the North Great Plain Region – Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza region, Debrecen, Cigánd district (exception), we used the Debrecen and the national database of the Graduate Tracking System. Target groups: 18-70 year-old age group, women and women raising young children, 15-29 year-old young age group, high school students (graduate ones) fresh university graduates. The theorethical frameworks of the precariate research is characterized by a multi-disciplinar approach, as this topic has sociological, economic, psychological, pedagogical, legal and health aspects. Our aim is to show whether There is relevance between the phenomenon of precariate and labor market disadvantage and how individual insecurity factors affect a person’s presence in the labor market. How the uncertainties in the workplace appear in different regions and social groups by expanding the theoretical framework.According to Standing precariate is typical to low gualified people. But I would like to see if it also typical to highly qualifiled young graduates with favourable conditions.It is possible or worth looking for a way out of the precarious lifestyle (often caused by objective reasons) by combining and using management and education.Are there definite features in the subjective state of health of groups with classic precariate characteristics? Results The research results demonstrate that the precarious characteristics can be extended, they are multi-dimensional.The personal and regional risk factors of labor market exclusion can develop both in different regions and social groups. Precarized groups cannot be connected exclusively to disadvantaged social groups, my research has shown that precarious characteristics may also appear, and the process of precarization may also start among highly qualified people. Precariate is a kind of subjective and collective crisis. Its depth largely depends on the economic environment, the economic and social policy, and the strategy and cultural conditions of the region. The results show, that the subjective health of classical precar groups is worse than the others.
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