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1

Muhammad, Lawal. "Women Entrepreneurs and Survival of Small Scale Enterprises in Nigeria." Journal of Research in Emerging Markets 1, no. 1 (April 8, 2019): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/jrems.v1i1.314.

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This research set out to analyze the women entrepreneurs and survival of small–scale enterprises in Nigeria. The objective of this paper is to determine the extent of women entrepreneurs and survival of SSEs in Nigeria. One Hundred and Twenty Eight (128) questionnaires were retrieved for analysis. Data collected were analyzed using multiple regressions. The results revealed that Women entrepreneurs experience and women entrepreneurs’ level of education have significant effect on the survival of small scale enterprises in Nigeria. The study therefore, concluded that an increase in training or improvement in the activities of women entrepreneurship will lead to a significant increase in the maintenance and sustainability of SSEs in Nigeria. This paper recommended that since, women entrepreneurs experience and high level of education led to the survival of SSEs in Nigeria therefore, the Nigerian government should provide an avenue for adequate funding, training on entrepreneurship, provision of infrastructural facilities and enabling environment in order to enhance the women entrepreneurial activities as this would translate to increase in an income generation, provision of employment and reduction of poverty in Nigeria. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Women Entrepreneurs, Small Scale Enterprises, Women Entrepreneurship and Survival.
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2

Muhammad, Lawal. "Women Entrepreneuurs and Survival of Small Scale Enterprises in Nigeria." International Conference on Advances in Business, Management and Law (ICABML) 2, no. 1 (March 2, 2019): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/icabml-cp.v2i1.269.

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This research set out to analyze the women entrepreneurs and survival of small–scale enterprises in Nigeria. The objective of this paper is to determine the extent of women entrepreneurs and survival of SSEs in Nigeria. One Hundred and Twenty Eight (128) questionnaires were retrieved for analysis. Data collected were analyzed using multiple regressions. The results revealed that Women entrepreneurs experience and women entrepreneurs’ level of education have significant effect on the survival of small scale enterprises in Nigeria. The study therefore, concluded that an increase in training or improvement in the activities of women entrepreneurship will lead to a significant increase in the maintenance and sustainability of SSEs in Nigeria. This paper recommended that since, women entrepreneurs experience and high level of education led to the survival of SSEs in Nigeria therefore, the Nigerian government should provide an avenue for adequate funding, training on entrepreneurship, provision of infrastructural facilities and enabling environment in order to enhance the women entrepreneurial activities as this would translate to increase in an income generation, provision of employment and reduction of poverty in Nigeria.
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3

Mohammed, Kabir, Hazril Izwar Ibrahim, and Khairul Anuar Mohammad Shah. "Empirical Evidence of Entrepreneurial Competencies and Firm Performance: A Study of Women Entrepreneurs of Nigeria." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijek-2017-0005.

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Abstract The purpose of current study is to investigate the effects of entrepreneurial competencies on firm performance of businesses owned by Nigerian women entrepreneurs. The 200 respondents of this study are women entrepreneurs operating micro-business units in Kaduna state, Nigeria. Survey questions was used to collect data. The study utilises SPSS and SmartPLS 2.0 to analyse the data. The findings indicated that strategic, opportunity and organizing competencies significantly affect the firm performance of women entrepreneurs in Nigeria.
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Nkemdilim, Alozie, and Obiora Nkiru. "EXAMINING STATUS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS; COMPARISM WITH MEN COUNTERPARTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA." International Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences, Environmental Studies & Technology 5, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijarssest.v5.i2.04.

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This paper discussed the status of women entrepreneurs in Nigeria, It discovered and addressed the different challenges, obstacles and regrets of Nigerian Women entrepreneurs despite all their efforts and interests in business. Most of the literature has been mainly theoretical qualitative. This paper contributes to addressing the gap and comparing the Nigerian Women entrepreneurs with their men counterparts. The exploratory factor indicated that Nigerian Women entrepreneurs are highly marginalized compared to the men counterparts which includes the aspects of tradition and cultural belief even when they struggle as much as their men counterparts, if not more. The paper suggested that Nigerian Women need to be supported, improved and motivated if not more than the men counterparts, the motivations can be targeted to promote sustainable entrepreneurship in addition to complementary support such as improving business management skills and competencies for sustainable women entrepreneurs.
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Fayokemi Eunice, Aremu, and Festus M. Epetimehin. "Motivation of Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria." Sumerianz Journal of Social Science, no. 312 (December 15, 2020): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjss.312.162.170.

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This study examined motivation of women entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It also identify motivational factors that motivate women entrepreneurs and the influence of motivational factors of women entrepreneurs in Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted and the population consisted of 120 women entrepreneurs, out of which 100 women were selected in Lagos State through simple random sampling technique. Data generated through questionnaire were analysed using frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, F-statistics and multiple regression (R2) analysis at 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed that motivational factors are positive on women entrepreneurs (r=.352**, P(.000)<.01). It is concluded that there are motivational factors such as competence motivation, affiliation motivation, incentive motivation and power motivation to mention but few that drive women to engage in entrepreneurship in Nigeria. It is recommended that women entrepreneurs should use those factors that motivate them to take up entrepreneurship to encourage other women to participate either fully or partially in entrepreneurship process.
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6

Halkias, Daphne, Chinedum Nwajiuba, Nicholas Harkiolakis, and Sylva M. Caracatsanis. "Challenges facing women entrepreneurs in Nigeria." Management Research Review 34, no. 2 (January 25, 2011): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01409171111102821.

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7

Ibrahim, Hazril Izwar, Mohammed Kabir, and Mohamad Khairul Anuar Mohd Shah. "Competencies of Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria: Cost Strategy as a Mediator." International Academic Journal of Business Management 05, no. 02 (December 12, 2018): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/iajbm/v5i2/1810033.

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8

Zivkovic, Jelena. "Participation of women entrepreneurs in northern Nigeria." IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 19, no. 1 (2014): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-191495104.

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9

A.O, Ademola, Adegboyegun A.E, Kazeem B.L.O, and Akanbi T.A. "Reasons for low patronage of microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs in nigeria." Journal of Management and Science 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.10.5.

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That microfinance banks are established to improve the socio-economic conditions of women especially in rural areas is a well-known fact, however in recent times, women entrepreneurs in Nigeria are no longer patronizing Microfinance banks like before. This calls for a research into factors responsible for low patronage of Microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs in South West Nigeria. The study employed Average Gross Turnover, Factor Analysis, Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma statistics to evaluate the effect of Microfinance banks on performance of women entrepreneurs and to determine the reasons for low patronage of Microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs. The result showed that weak but positive relationship exist between Microfinance banks and performance of women entrepreneurs. It was also observed that harsh loan recovery methods, high interest rates, short repayment periods and high charges imposed on customers are major reasons for low patronage of Microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It is recommended that Microfinance banks should reduce their interest rates drastically and lengthen the repayment periods so as to encourage women to patronize them more and to improve their performances.
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10

Egbo, Obiamaka P., Hillary Ezeaku, Ebele Igwemeka, and Onuora M. Okeke. "Financial literacy and access: revisiting the bridges and barriers to women entrepreneurship in Nigeria." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 29 (May 18, 2020): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.29.05.48.

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This study analysed financial literacy and access for women entrepreneurs in Nigeria. The study is qualitative in nature and adopted an interpretive research design which employed an in-depth interviews with mainly well-informed women entrepreneurs to evaluate their interpretations and perceptions of the influence of financial access and literacy on woman entrepreneurship in Enugu Metropolis, South-Eastern Nigeria. A purposeful sampling approach comprising twenty women entrepreneurs was employed for this research. The results indicates that financial literacy was a critical factor in the growth of women-owned business, this is found especially in the business start-up phase Furthermore, our analysis revealed that revealed that financial skill is critical to the growth and smooth operation of female-owned business.
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Salaudeen, Nuraini Hashimu, and Bello Garba Kofar Sauri. "Modelling the influence of culture on Entrepreneurial competencies and business success of the women micro entrepreneurs in the informal sector of the economy." Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Ekonomi dan Bisnis 5, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.51263/jameb.v5i1.118.

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The study examines the effect of culture on the relationship between the dimensions of Entrepreneurial competencies and business success of informal women micro-entrepreneurs in the northwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The study involves both descriptive and inferential statistics. With a random sample of 361 respondents, collected from a population of women micro-entrepreneurs, through the use of questionnaire, the obtained data were analyzed with a variance-based structural equation modelling, PLS-SEM. Findings revealed that opportunity, relationship, strategic, and organising competencies all have a positive and significant impact on business success of informal women micro-entrepreneurs in northwest Nigeria. Also, culture was found to moderate the relationship between relationship competencies and business success of women micro-entrepreneurs. These findings shows that any developmental programmes geared towards enhancing the performance of informal women micro-entrepreneurs in northwest Nigeria should focus on improving their entrepreneurial competencies, and the study practically illustrates the importance of interpersonal relations, such as, social interactions, and networking activities in the business success of informal women micro-entrepreneurs.
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12

Aladejebi, Olufemi. "21st Century Challenges Confronting Women Entrepreneurs in Southwest Nigeria." Archives of Business Research 8, no. 3 (April 4, 2020): 261–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.83.8018.

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Women Entrepreneurs play a significant role in the global economy in this 21st Century. The purpose of this study is to examine the specific challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in the southwestern states of Nigeria. Data were collected from businesses owned by women who reside within the six state capitals of Southwestern states of Nigeria. The cities are Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Oshogbo, Akure, and Ado-Ekiti. Similar big cities within each state were surveyed to increase the number of respondents for state capitals where a small number of questionnaires were retrieved. Out of Seven hundred and twenty (720) questionnaires distributed, Five hundred and two (502) questionnaires were viable using the SPSS package. The questionnaire contained two sections. Section 1 for general information. Section 2 contained questions relating to motivational factors and the challenges faced by these women entrepreneurs, which, in their opinion, constitutes barriers to the successes of their businesses. The main challenges facing women entrepreneurs today in South West Nigeria are lack of adequate training, access to start-up capital, and poor family support.
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13

Abass, Salimat M. "Women Entrepreneurship Determinants in Nigeria." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 4 (April 20, 2019): 356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/04.10.2019/008.

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Women entrepreneurs have attracted the attention of organizations, policy makers and researchers as they have been identified as an important unexploited source of economic growth and development. The objective of this research is to contribute knowledge about women entrepreneurship in Nigeria and their motivations for entrepreneurship especially on MSMEs level. An empirical survey was conducted with cross-sectional data collected via questionnaire from 422 selected women respondents in six states each representing a geo-political zone in Nigeria using stratified sampling technique. Respondents are engaged in micro, small or medium enterprises in Nigeria. The study results provide strong determinant of women entrepreneurship in Nigeria. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) was employed as tools for testing hypotheses using SmartPLS 2. Findings revealed that the determinant of women entrepreneurship varies by life experiences and country. The study further discovered that a lot of women were motivated by the need for survival, family traits, education and skills, independence and need for achievement respectively in Nigeria. The study recommended that the Nigerian government should encourage women more in entrepreneurial activities and provide sound conducive business environment for women through provision of infrastructural facilities such as entrepreneurial training and skills, finance, infrastructures and credit facilities that will enhance women’s participation more in business.
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14

Makar Vandefan, Ann Terngu. "Assessing Institutional Founding Sources and Challenges Facing Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria." JWEE, no. 1-2 (June 11, 2019): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.28934/jwee19.12.pp71-79.

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This paper examines the institutional and other funding sources available for women entrepreneurs in Nigeria and the challenges faced by them in accessing these funds.The paper reveals various policies from previous governments that were aimed at exposing women entrepreneurs in Nigeria to funds through establishment of microcredit institutions in realization of the pivotal role women have in economic development most especially in small scale enterprises within ruler communities
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15

Abodunde, S. M., Kamar O. Oyeniyi, and Oyetayo O. Folajin. "Financial Literacy and Women Entrepreneurs’ Performance in Lagos State, Nigeria." Entrepreneurship Review 1, no. 2 (October 6, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/entrepreneurship-review.v1i2.185.

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Purpose: The study seeks to examine the influence of financial literacy on women entrepreneurs’ performance with particular reference to Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: A survey research design was employed for this study and a judgmental sampling technique was used to select 250 women entrepreneurs engaging in trading, teaching, fashion design, and agro-allied businesses. Mean, frequency, simple percentage, and least square method of estimation were used to analyze the data. Results: The study establishes that financial literacy is a major determinant of women entrepreneurs’ performance. Implications: The implication of this study is that if women entrepreneurs are equipped with an array of financial skills on income statement preparation, cash flow statement and cash budget preparation, the opening of a separate account for business, bookkeeping, internal control on cash, and daily cash reconciliation, they will be able to expand their businesses.
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16

Ayimoro, Oluwatoyin Dorcas, and Oluwatosin Ruth Obi. "Knowledge and Practice of Social Responsibility among Women Entrepreneurs in Akoko Land, Nigeria." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 1, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v1i3.149.

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The main thrust of this study is to investigate the knowledge of social responsibility (SR) and the practice among women entrepreneurs of Akoko land. With the surge in entrepreneurial activities among women and the attendant peculiarities of production and marketing, the study sought to find out (i) What knowledge women entrepreneurs have on SR (ii) Do they practice social responsibility at all? and (iii) the impediments towards the practice. It does this through a qualitative method of Focus Group Discussion among 220 women entrepreneurs in the four Local Government Areas of Akoko land - Akoko North- east, North-west, South- east and South- west in the production of cassava flour, palm oil, locust bean and cellophane bags. Findings revealed that the women entrepreneurs displayed a skewed knowledge of SR in their act of communalism and philanthropy. The study therefore, recommends that there is the need to sensitize women entrepreneurs on a good understanding of SR to impact on them the responsibility of business ethics and also promote sustainable development.
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17

Okafor, Chinonye, and Roy Amalu. "Motivational Patterns and the Performance of Entrepreneurs." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2012010103.

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Over the years many research works have examined the motivation of women into entrepreneurship. Evidence has shown that several factors have been responsible for women’s involvement in entrepreneurship. These factors have multiple effects on the enterprise, irrespective of its ownership and control. Therefore, the main thrust of this paper is to examine different dimensions of motivation and their relationship with the performance of women entrepreneurs in South-West Nigeria. Both primary and secondary sources were used in gathering the data required for this paper. The instrument of questionnaire was used in conducting this research. The models of correlation coefficient and chi-square were used in analyzing the questionnaire collected from the respondents. The results show that there is positive relationship between motivational factors and the performance of women entrepreneurs in South-West Nigeria. Among other things, it was recommended that irrespective of the factor(s) that motivate women entrepreneurs into business, there is need for them to go for training and other capacity building programme so as to be equipped with the required skills for running their businesses.
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18

Abimbola, O., and A. Kolawole. "Financial Management Practices and Performance of Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria." Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting 3, no. 4 (January 10, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2017/35236.

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19

Isiwu, Prisca I., and Ifeanyi Onwuka. "Psychological Factors that Influences Entrepreneurial Intention Among Women in Nigeria: A Study Based in South East Nigeria." Journal of Entrepreneurship 26, no. 2 (July 20, 2017): 176–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971355717708846.

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The study examined psychological factors that influence women entrepreneurial intention in Nigeria. One hundred and seventeen (117) women were drawn within Enugu metropolis using purposive random sampling technique. Their ages ranged between 18 and 50 years, with a mean age of 22.07. Cross-sectional design was adopted. Job involvement (JI), self-efficacy, goal orientation and entrepreneurial intention scales were instruments used for data collection. Three hypotheses were tested. Step-wise multiple regressions were the main statistics used for data analysis. Results of the regression analysis showed that among the studied variables, only self-efficacy was a significant predictor of women participation in entrepreneurship (p < 0.01). The three dimensions of goal orientation, learning goal orientation, prove (performance-prove) orientation, and avoid (performance-avoid) orientation, were not significant predictors of women participation in entrepreneurship. Similarly, JI did not also significantly predict women participation in entrepreneurship. A good practical implication of the finding of this study is that women who develop high self-efficacy are more likely to be entrepreneurs and that strategies to build high self-efficacy among women are needed to make more women become entrepreneurs in order to enhance national/grass-root development. Limitations were made, while suggestions for further studies were stated.
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20

Orobator, Fred, and Idehen Joan Osaretin. "The INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY; THE MILLENNIUM TOOL FOR ENTREPRENEURAL EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 11 (November 30, 2019): 1358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss11.1859.

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This paper is focused on Information Communication Technology as the millennium tool for Entrepreneurial Empowerment of women. It also highlighted the diversity of information communication and technology, indicators of empowerment. Little success has been achieved in the empowerment of women in Nigeria despite efforts of government and public organisations .This paper identified information communication technology as the missing- link in the education enterprise that should be giving a priority in order to achieve the desired success in the entrepreneurial empowerment of women in Nigeria .The writer recommends among others that there should be public-private partnership to make possible innovative approach in the training of women entrepreneurs in ICT through the sponsoring of e-learning initiatives or peer-peer informal learning strategies for women entrepreneurs.
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21

Scent, Grace A. T., Christian Chima Chukwu, and Obuzor Mezewo Emerinwe. "The impacts of gender education on female entreprenuership: Breaking the glass ceilings for a prosperous new Nigeria." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 7, no. 15 (2020): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs(2020)071509.

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Gender education and entrepreneurship have become worldwide phenomena for women, particularly in patriarchy societies where all kinds of discriminations, subjugation against them are frightening realities of contemporary times. As a result, female entrepreneurship has been weighed down by poor education, social norms, and lack of access to free credit facilities. It is in this context that this paper examines the impacts of gender education on female entrepreneurship in Enugu urban, Enugu state, Nigeria. A survey design was employed and 300 respondents were selected using the simple random sampling technique. Out of this number of respondents, only 280 (90.33%) structured questionnaire were returned and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The distribution of the respondents showed 210 (75%) were female entrepreneurs, while 70 respondents (25%) were male entrepreneurs. Among the findings, an overwhelming majority of the respondents are of the view that the female entrepreneurs are important for the socio-economic transformation of the Enugu State, and by extension, Nigeria. Secondly, the study agrees that there is hardly a society where gender stereotypes do not exist but that these aspects of the gender belief system which are anti- female entrepreneurs' development have been over taken by the power of gender education. In addition, the study shows that gender education is the most viable and veritable vehicle for guaranteeing and sustaining female entrepreneurs to continue to expand entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Thirdly, this study has presented a different picture of women making some tremendous efforts in spite of all odds cannot be underestimated because their contributions have been remarkable despite the challenges they face in their quest to transform the patriarchal Igbo society, especially Enugu State. Based on this, the study concludes that the contributions of female entrepreneurs in Nigeria's entrepreneurship development cannot be underestimated because their contributions have been remarkable despite the challenges they face. In this vein, the study suggests that gender education should be a priority to halt all forms of discriminatory practices against female entrepreneurs and in the same vein, calls for elimination of prejudices and customary practices that are based on the idea of the inferiority or superiority of either sex or on stereotyped roles for men and women. Above all, government should, through financial institutions, grant free interest loans to encourage female entrepreneurs plunge themselves into businesses to sustain the breaking of the glass ceilings.
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22

Shehu, Farida Mohammed, and Al-Hasan Al-Aidaros . "A Proposed Framework on the Relationship between Islamic Microfinance Related Factors and Women Entrepreneurs Business Performance in Nigeria." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 6, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v6i4.206.

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Microfinance plays a key role in poverty alleviation, employment generation, mitigating rural urban migration, utilization of local resources and raw materials and contributing to the gross domestic product (GDP) of Nigeria. Women, majority of who are poor and engaged in informal micro, small and medium scale businesses are mostly the target of microfinance institutions. However, women entrepreneurs find it difficult to have access to the products and services of the conventional banks due to their stringent lending requirement. The presence of Islamic banking which promotes the profit and loss sharing (PLS) concept increases the awareness among women entrepreneurs to alternative funding sources. Despite availability of financing options, women entrepreneurs are constrained by their reluctance to use interest based microfinance services. This paper aims to provide a proposed framework that examines the impact of Islamic investment and financing contracts (Murabaha financing and Mudharabah savings) and other microfinance related factors (training, social capital and self-esteem) on women entrepreneurs business performance. Religiosity is a new moderating variable within the framework that is hypothesized to enhance business performance of women entrepreneurs. The proposed framework will fill the gap in Islamic banking and finance studies since the area of Islamic microfinance and the moderating effect of religiosity has not been empirically investigated.
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23

Kuranga, Mutiat Oyinlola. "Work Life Balance and Service Delivery Among Women Entrepreneurs in South-Western Nigeria." Financial Internet Quarterly 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2020-0025.

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Abstract Businesses in the twenty first century are characterized by persistent changes, uncertainties and undue pressure to meet demands and increase productivity. For women entrepreneurs, they are expected to combine this with the statutory responsibility of taking care of their children, families and home front. Managing these different roles and responsibilities usually influences the business performance and family life and may impact their service delivery. Hence, the study examined the impact of work-life balance on service delivery among women entrepreneurs in south-western Nigeria. A total of 379 respondents were selected from a population of 25,122 members of the Nigeria union of tailors in Lagos, Oyo and Osun state using multistage sampling techniques. Primary data was collected through the use of a structured self-administered questionnaire and a structural equation model (SEM- PLS) was adopted for the analysis. The result shows work demands, wellbeing, family workload and spousal support with coefficients 0.219, 0.101, 0.061 and 0.563. The study also found that every unit change of work-life balance would lead to a 0.792 unit change in service delivery. Therefore, the study concludes that work-life balance contributes significantly to the service delivery of women entrepreneurs. The study recommends that women entrepreneurs should effectively manage their work and family roles, ensure creativity and flexibility in their work domains and seek support to enable them to deliver efficient service and achieve overall performance in their business.
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Otunaiya, A. O., O. I. Ambali, and A. O. Idowu. "Profitability and Constraints Analysis of Women Entrepreneurs in Lagos State, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Business Management 5, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/ajbm.5.5811.

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Karthihai Selvi, V., and S. Muthupandi. "A Perspective Study of Women Micro-Entrepreneurs in the Rural Areas of Osun State, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Managerial Science 10, no. 1 (May 15, 2021): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2021.10.1.2671.

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The socio-economic contributions of rural-women entrepreneurs in many countries have not been properly captured in the right perspective. Consequently, the economic potentials of this category of rural dwellers have been underutilized. This empirical study highlights some salient features of these entrepreneurs and their microenterprises. Their demographic characteristics as well as motivation factors, among others, were collected from a purposive sample of one hundred- and fifty-women micro-entrepreneurs from five rural areas in Aiyedire Local government Area (LGA) of Osun state using structured questionnaires. The interview technique, alongside a consideration of relevant extant literatures was also utilized to increase the richness of the data obtained. The information obtained in the survey was analyzed using simple descriptive statistical tools with the support of the computer statistical software SPSS 14.0.In conclusion, the women micro-entrepreneurs make significant contributions to the socio-economic well-being of their families, the rural communities as well as the country at large. It is recommended that for such contributions to be more substantial, the entrepreneurial capabilities of these women need to be further enhanced through gender specific supports that are rural friendly.
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ESSIEN, Adeola Adesola. "Informal Entrepreneurial Network Education as a Catalyst for Women’s Enterprises Sustainability: Evidence From Nigeria." Business and Management Studies 7, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v7i2.5191.

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Extant studies in the literature have found that informal entrepreneurship education has concentrated largely on technical skills and has continually ignored the current needs of informal entrepreneurs at the stage of entry and development performance of most informal enterprises. In spite of Africa informal sector that accounted for 85.5% informal enterprises in size than other continents, yet, it is worrisome that the sub-Saharan Africa contribution of informal sector to gross domestic product (GDP) between 2000 and 2010 has dropped from 63.6% to 55%, resulting to rising poverty rate, alarming youth unemployment rate, higher enterprises closure rate, and indeed, declining unstable enterprises. As such, this study empirically examines the impact of informal entrepreneurial network education on women’s enterprises sustainability in Nigeria, using NECA Women entrepreneurs association. To achieve this specific objective, the study decomposed informal entrepreneurial network into three networks, the NECA Women entrepreneurs association, the Government agencies association, and the social media platform and the average value represent the informal entrepreneurial network education to regress on the dependent variable, the women enterprises sustainability. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed and administered via the google survey from the six-geopolitical regions in Nigeria. The study employed statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) to estimate the research questions and the impact of informal entrepreneurial network education on women enterprises sustainability, using descriptive statistics and OLS regression respectively. The descriptive results found that of the three informal entrepreneurial networks, NECA women association exhibited a strong interactive (3.28 of 5.00 Likert scale) entrepreneurial network education than use of government agencies and social media platform that exhibited weak interactive (1.8 and 1.94 of 5.00 Likert scale) enterperneurial network education among informal entrepreneurs in Nigeria. In addition, OLS regression result found that all three informal entrepreneurial networks education has a 38.9% impact on women’s enterprises sustainability within the study periods of October and December, 2020 in Nigeria at 1% level of significance. Based on the results, the study concluded that NECA women entrepreneurial interactive network outperformed both government agencies and social media interactive networks and thus, the study recommends that the NECA women entrepreneurs should consolidate more than the economic perspective by extending to the remaining triple bottom line factors such as environmental and social factors as to meet both current needs and future generation needs of the enterprises stakeholders in this study.
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Etim, Ernest S., Robertson K. Tengeh, and Chux Gervase Iwu. "Integration of Information and Communication Technology into Women Entrepreneurship in Uyo, Nigeria." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 4(J) (September 14, 2018): 118–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i4(j).2413.

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Globally, entrepreneurship has steadily become the leading trend associated with growth regionally as well as nationally. It has lent itself to the significant and sustainable development of locally available resources and of human and social capital. More so, the establishment of microenterprises, together with small and medium scale businesses by women, is the most recognizable route to job creation, poverty alleviation, family well-being and women empowerment; apart from the social benefits accrued and direct impact to the community and environment. Unfortunately, despite the substantial resources invested by national and regional governments, international development organizations and other stakeholders for the enhancement of women entrepreneurship, several constraints still prevent women from attaining optimal performance in terms of business growth, annual turnover, and market capitalization. The use of information and communications technologies (ICT) has been suggested as another appropriate medium to assist with some of these challenges. A total number of 50 targeted female entrepreneurs in Uyo metropolis, Nigeria, were purposively sampled to take part in this study. Quantitative research design using semi-structured questionnaires was used to explore the influence of ICT on the entrepreneurial activities of female entrepreneurs. Descriptive and inferential statistics were adopted to interpret the primary data. Binary Logistics Regression resulted in Wald value =1.353 and p=.245, which is >> .05. The Wald chi-square test led to the rejection of the null hypothesis because of the p-value. Therefore, the leveraging of ICT tools did not have a significant effect on entrepreneurial activities among women entrepreneurs in the educational sector.
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Radović-Marković, Mirjana, and Priscilla Achakpa. "Employment Women Through Entrepreneurship Development and Education in Developing Countries." JWEE, no. 1-2 (June 29, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.28934/jwee18.12.pp17-30.

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Women entrepreneurship is today one of the major factors contributing to a country’s prosperity and to the global market in general. However, females still own and manage significantly fewer businesses than men. Especially, women in developing countries face disadvantages and discrimination. Compared to their male counterparts, women in developing countries have a lower level of education and skill training. Another important challenge for female entrepreneurs in developing countries is the issue of safety and protection of women, especially those operating in the informal economy. The most female entrepreneurs in developing economies are motivated to start their businesses out of necessity, reflecting lack of employment alternatives or dissatisfaction with existing employment. The overall nature and extent to which female entrepreneurship can develop in developing economies is greatly influenced by project to strengthening them. In line with this, the aim of our research was to explore the impact of one of these programmes -GWIN project and its effect to empowering women in Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was concluded that GWiN project plays a significant role in the economic development of women in Nigeria through the benefits of various supports to them.
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Nwoke, Mary Basil. "Relationship between Natural Economic Resource and Vocational Choice among Nigeria Youth: Psychological Implications." Asian Social Science 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n1p84.

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<p>This study investigated the relationship between natural economic resources and vocational choice among Nigerian youth. The study grouped the country into three regions, eastern, western and northern regions. This study, first of its kind, explored vocational choice among Nigerian youth. Thirty-six participants, twelve from each region (6 men, 6 women) completed the semi-structured interviews and qualitative data collected was analyzed using a grounded theory approach. The findings presented a preliminary understanding of the relationship between natural economic resources and vocational choice among Nigerians. Qualitative interviews unveiled the presence of natural economic resources that provide vocations to Nigerians. Palms in the east provide the greatest vocational choice. Cocoa in the west provides the greatest vocational choice. Game reserve in the north gainfully employs people. Psychologically, people value the gift of nature in their locality. Finally through thematic analysis, the study revealed that things have changed with education, science and technology. Some Nigerians have become entrepreneurs by utilizing the natural resources prevalent in their environment. Entrepreneurs play an integral role in creating job opportunities and alleviate unemployment in Nigeria.</p>
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Abimbola O, Ademola, Adegoke Kolawole A, and Adegboyegun Adekunle E. "Nexus between Informal Financial Institutions (IFIs) and Performance of Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria." Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance 03, no. 10 (October 31, 2019): 374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2019.v03i09.002.

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Victor, ADIM, Chidiebere, ADELAIYE M.B.O, and ADUBASIM, Ikechukwu Ernest. "Entrepreneurial Networking and Women Entrepreneurs’ Contribution to Employment Creation in Rivers State, Nigeria." International Journal of Business, Economics and Management 5, no. 3 (2018): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.62.2018.53.56.67.

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R.I, Umejiaku. "Access to Credit on the Growth of Women Entrepreneurs in Jos, Plateau State: The Influence of Financial Support Services." International Journal of social Sciences and Economic Review 2, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36923/ijsser.v2i1.51.

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Purpose of the study: The activities of women represent an untapped source of economic growth in any developing economy, and entrepreneurship is one way of using that vast pool of human resources as intermediaries for wealth creation. For this reason, the strong linkage between financial sector services and women entrepreneurship has continued to generate tremendous interest among researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders both at the national and international levels. The primary goal remains how to deepen financial inclusion of women to enhance their participation in entrepreneurship activities. Methodology: The study thus examines the influence of financial support services on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Jos, Plateau state. The study adopted a descriptive research design and applied multiple regression techniques for empirical analysis. Findings: Findings from the analysis revealed that financial credit awareness has a positive and significant impact on the growth of women entrepreneurs in Jos metropolis. This is basically because most women entrepreneurs have received invaluable business information from the financial sector, which has gone a long way to impact positively on the development of their business in Plateau state. Similarly, access to credit had no significant influence on the growth of women entrepreneurs in Jos metropolis. Lack of collateral, inadequate income statement, and high interest charged on loans made access to credit difficult for women entrepreneurs residing in Jos metropolis, and thus, it has stagnated their business growth. In addition, financial guarantor has an insignificant impact on the growth of women entrepreneurs. Application: Based on these findings, financial institutions should strive to reduce the stringent conditions attached to loan guarantors to ensure easy accessibility of credit by women entrepreneurs to realize a significant impact on their entrepreneurial contribution to the productivity in the state. Novelty/Originality: There is need for the government to develop a policy that will enhance credit assurance services and improve financial information infrastructure for financial accessibility of women-owned businesses in Nigeria
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Olateju, Adijat Olubukola. "Factors that Influence Men and Women Participation in Microcredit Programme in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Case Study of Cowries Microfinance Bank (CMD)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 13 (May 31, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n13p75.

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Financial inclusion is paramount for economic growth, economic development, job creation, and poverty reduction. Evidence has shown that to ensure financial inclusion policy measures and developmental programmes need to be country specific and should be based on individual country's gender gap. Given this, this study examined the factors that determine men and women entrepreneurs’ access to microcredit programme in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 359 female micro-entrepreneurs and 191 male microentrepreneurs were selected through a simple random sampling method among the customers of Cowries Microfinance Bank (CMB). Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The results of the logistic regression show that only four of the variables used in measuring the determinants of participation in the credit programme were significant for the male entrepreneurs while for the female entrepreneurs, almost all the variables were significant except the age variable of the respondents. It is therefore, recommended that policymakers, microfinance banks, NGOs are advised to consider the age, number of years of education, political involvement and experience of the male entrepreneurs when granting loan facility to the male. However, for the female entrepreneurs, policymakers should take cognizance of the marital status, years of education, experience acquired in the business, size of the household, political membership, and level of income when providing credit facilities to the female entrepreneurs. Consequently, this will help to ensure that loan facility is given to the right person so that the gender gap regarding credit accessibility are closed, thereby leading to economic growth and sustainable economic development.
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Patience, Ifenyinwa Opata, and Nnedinso Arua Rosemary. "Assessment of the performance of informal women entrepreneurs in Enugu State, south east Nigeria." African Journal of Agricultural Research 12, no. 11 (March 16, 2017): 923–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2016.10851.

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Obinna, Leo O., and Oluchi Ada Maduka. "Training needs of rural women entrepreneurs in non-farm enterprises in Imo State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 21, no. 3 (January 12, 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v21i3.8.

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Yusuff, Olabisi Sherifat. "Reproductive Rights and Reproductive Choice of Yoruba Women in Southwestern Nigeria." Advanced Journal of Social Science 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajss.6.1.138-151.

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While some social and health comes have improved significantly for women, significant gaps remain in the achievement of reproductive health rights and women’s choice. Women are still constrained by social, legal, religious and cultural impediments and family power dynamics from acting on their desires. The objective of this paper therefore is to examine the reproductive rights and choice of women entrepreneurs in South Western Nigeria Ibadan. The study adopts Rational Choice Theory and Gender role theory as theoretical guide. Quantitative and qualitative methods of data generation were employed. One Hundred and Twenty questionnaires were distributed to women with ten years marital experiences. The distribution of hundred and twenty questionnaires to women respondents was obtained through snowball method. Only In-depth interview conducted among 24women through purposive sampling techniques was employed to generate qualitative data. Quantitative information was analysed through simple percentage and frequency distribution. Findings from the study revealed that women’s reproductive decision-making processes are greatly influenced by their partners ranging from their age at first marriage, their access to family planning and abortion., which also given by the women as challenges on their reproductive rights in Sango, Ibadan.
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Mehdi, Mokhalles Mohammad, Sandip Rakshit, and Jelena Zivkovic. "Yola EcoSentials, Nigeria: waste-to-wealth community social enterprise." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 11, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-10-2019-0259.

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Learning outcomes • Identify challenges of operating a start-up business. • Understand the social enterprise and role of gender (women entrepreneurship). • Assess the responsibility of unskilled women entrepreneurs and the challenges faced by them. • Describe business and marketing strategies adopted in market segmentation and product promotion. • Discuss strategies adopted to sustain a small business. Case overview/synopsis Yola EcoSentials (YES) was a social enterprise originated from the American University of Nigeria, Yola, capital city of Adamawa, Nigeria. It was established in September, 2012. It started with the mission to improve the environment, reduce waste and empower women. It engaged in production of hand bags, wallets, table mats and iPad bags from the recycled waste items such as nylons. YES was founded and spearheaded by Charles Reith (Chief Executive Officer). YES faced certain major challenges in expanding its business, namely, maintenance of quality products and accountability of business operations including personal income savings plan and source of new customers. Moreover, YES was having a serious concern of project sustainability because of the availability and division of insufficient raw materials to operate their business. To overcome these challenges, in December 2016, YES planned to devise its growth strategy to operate their business run by local women in Yola, Nigeria. Complexity academic level Undergraduate and graduate early stage programme. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Ehinmowo, Olubukola Omotinuke, Adewale Isaac Fatuase, and Sylvester Oluwadare Ojo. "Poverty Profiles and Technical Efficiency Nexus: A Case Study of Women Entrepreneurs in Oyo State, Nigeria." Greener Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (January 20, 2016): 019–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjss.2016.1.122315173.

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39

Shitu, Sidikat, and Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola. "Investigating Socially Sustainable Behaviour of Local Actors in the Supply Chain of Shea Butter in Rural Borgu, Nigeria: From a Role Theory Perspective." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2017.1.1.2.

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The Shea butter industry in Nigeria is fragmented, private-driven and less regulated. This paper explores the roles, practices, and behaviour of local supply chain stakeholders who mainly consist of rural women entrepreneurs that engage in Shea nut picking and Shea butter processing. Also, the research examines the local buying agents (LBA) who serve as the middlemen between the rural women and the exporters of Shea butter. This study deploys qualitative research design, guided by the Role theory. The study reveals that the rural women and the local buying agents are the key stakeholders who participate in the agricultural supply chain. Granting the fundamental principle of the sustainable supply chain, the findings indicate that the present active engagement and practices of these local stakeholders do not align with the principles of the sustainable supply chain. The study also exposes that factors such as gender disparity, weak access to financial support, and information asymmetry are major contributors to the present roles, practices, and behaviour of the local actors. The current study, therefore, put forward several recommendations to the Nigerian Government to encourage the construction of sustainable engagement and sustainable supply chain in the rural supply chain network.
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Adisa, Toyin Ajibade, Chima Mordi, and Babatunde Akanji. "Freedom and flexibility: the work–family balance of single female entrepreneurs in Nigeria." Employee Relations: The International Journal 43, no. 5 (March 11, 2021): 1232–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-07-2020-0332.

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PurposeWork–family research has mainly focused on nuclear families, neglecting other types of families, such as single self-employed parents. To what extent does the freedom and flexibility attached to being single and self-employed hinder or enhance single parents' work–family balance? Using role theory as a theoretical lens, this study examines single-self-employed parents' work–family balance.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the accounts of 25 single self-employed parents in Nigeria, the article uses semi-structured interviews to examine how this group achieves work–family balance.FindingsWe found that the freedom and flexibility associated with being single and self-employed form a double-edged sword that increases the spate of singlehood and intensifies commitments to work, altogether preventing the participants in the study from achieving work–family balance. The findings also indicate that singlehood and a lack of spousal support cause and exacerbate work–family imbalance for this group. The findings further indicate that the reconstruction of functions, and the recreation of the traditional masculine gender role overwhelm single self-employed women in their entrepreneurial activities, thereby causing a lack of time and the energy required to function well in a family role, thus creating imbalance between the different spheres of life.Research limitations/implicationsThe extent to which the findings of this research can be generalised is constrained by the limited sample and scope of the research.Practical implicationsWhile literature espouses freedom and flexibility as important ingredients needed to achieve work–family balance, this study shows that they enhance inter-role role conflict. The study suggests creation of private or family time, devoid of work or entrepreneurial engagements, for single female entrepreneurs. This will ensure quality time and energy for the family and for fresh relationship – all of which will impact business positively.Originality/valueRather than enhancing work–family balance, the freedom and flexibility attached to being single and self-employed remain the main source of work–family imbalance for Nigerian single self-employed parents.
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Akinbami, Catherine Abiola O. "Migration and Climate Change Impacts on Rural Entrepreneurs in Nigeria: A Gender Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 9, 2021): 8882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168882.

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Although the effects of climate change are universal, some groups are more negatively affected than others, which has raised global concerns. The most affected are families involved with agriculture or that use natural resources in rural areas as a means of livelihood. This study aimed to assess the responses of rural dwellers to climate change and migration, determine the extent of climate change as a driver of migration, assess the viability of migration as an option for climate change adaptation, and evaluate the gender perspective of migration and the impact of climate change on entrepreneurial development in rural areas. A qualitative method was employed to solicit responses from respondents in selected rural areas under four different vegetation zones through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using Atlas.ti. A difference was found in gender reactions to migration due to socio-cultural factors and family responsibilities. In addition, different types of migration patterns were found to exist among men and women. The study also revealed that climate change is a major driver of migration, affects livelihood practices differently in the vegetation zones, and has a negative impact on the entrepreneurship development of the rural areas. Finally, this study provides insights into the effect of migration type on the entrepreneurship development by gender.
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Popoola, M. Ak, Am N. Brimah, and A. R. Gbadeyan. "Financial Institutions Micro Loans: A Strategy for Reducing Poverty in Nigeria." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 3, no. 3 (2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.3(3).13-17.2019.

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This article summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments in the scientific debate on the use of microcredit by financial institutions as a strategic direction for poverty reduction in Nigeria. This study is aimed at studying the impact of microcredit operations provided by commercial banks to business entities, poverty indicators of the country. Five commercial and five microfinance banks of the state of Nigeria were selected as the object of the study. Methodological support of this work includes a survey method (for accumulating primary information on obtaining correct data of respondents on the dynamics of poverty indicators, reducing unemployment, training, skills, expanding income opportunities, etc.). The article presents the results of empirical analysis, showed a significant impact of microcredit processes of financial institutions to reduce poverty indicators in Nigeria.The author notes the need for banks in Nigeria to introduce less aggressive mechanisms for profit, that is, formed on a socialist basis. Based on the results of the study, the author proposed the following recommendations: financial and institutional promotion of major microfinance banks in Nigeria; the increase in government spending on the organization of seminars to prepare and expand business opportunities for community representatives to establish their own business, simplification of mechanisms for the provision of microcredit (on the principles of gender sensitivity, in particular for women entrepreneurs) and reduction of interest rates for entrepreneurs, which will improve both the indicators of financial and economic development of the country, and will contribute to the well-being of society as a whole. Keywords: financial institutions, microfinance banks, microcredit, poverty reduction.
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Xiong, Lin, Irene Ukanwa, and Alistair R. Anderson. "Institutional influence and the role of family in poor women’s micropreneurship." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-05-2017-0162.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of how the institutions of family and culture play out in shaping family business practices. This study focusses on family business led by poor entrepreneurial women in a context of extreme poverty. Design/methodology/approach The methods included participant observation, focus groups and interviews in two poor villages in South-East Nigeria. Thematic analysis was used to develop insight about how the institutions of family and culture shape family business practices. Findings The analysis demonstrated that the family, with associated responsibilities and norms, is a powerful institution that determines women’s role and business behaviours. Poor entrepreneurial women depend on the family to run their business, but also use the business to sustain the family. They make use of their limited resources (e.g. time, money, skills) to meet families’ basic needs and pay for necessities such as children’s education. These are family priorities, rather than maximising profits. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to rural Africa, in particular to a small sample of rural women entrepreneurs in South-East Nigeria, and as such, the findings are not necessarily generalisable, but may be at a conceptual level. Practical implications The study has highlighted the need to tailor micro-enterprise development programmes that facilitate change, add values to entrepreneurial activities and support women to fulfil their roles and ease institutional pressures affecting rural women economic activities. In short, such programmes need to account for cultural institutions. Social implications This study presents insights of the influence of institutions (family and culture) in business led by rural Nigerian women. Originality/value This research fills a gap in the family business literature by offering conceptual insights about how the institutional obligations of family mean that micro-enterprising should be conceptualised as an entity, rather than as a family in business or the family business.
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Antwi Bosiakoh, Thomas, and Vera Williams Tetteh. "Nigerian immigrant women’s entrepreneurial embeddedness in Ghana, West Africa." International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 11, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 38–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijge-05-2018-0043.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of female immigrant entrepreneurs generally and more specifically Nigerian women entrepreneurs in Ghana, West Africa. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative research that draws on a broad-based research on Nigerian men and women immigrants’ entrepreneurship in Ghana. Face-to-face interviews with six women in the study are analysed here to provide insights into their motivations for and embeddedness of their entrepreneurship activities in Ghana. Findings The women’s entrepreneurship activities lend themselves to the mixed embeddedness argument in two ways: first is their ethnic embeddedness, and second their embeddedness in informality and policy framework. Also, all the women work in very trying circumstances and thus display what can be described as a “daring entrepreneurship” drive. Practical implications This paper is positioned at the intersection of ethnic embeddedness, informality and daring entrepreneurial drive by migrant women. Originality/value The paper provides an unprecedented and a refreshing account on the entrepreneurship and operational pathways of women in the margin of the global economy.
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45

Yusuff, Olabisi S. "Land Ownership Patterns and Livelihood of Women Entrepreneurs: Implications for Sustainable Development in Ado-Odo Local Government in Ogun State, Nigeria." JWEE, no. 1-2 (June 11, 2019): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.28934/jwee19.12.pp36-55.

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Land is an essential commodity everywhere in the world, for people who use it mainly as a source of livelihood, either for farming or other subsistence purposes. Land becomes a quintessential means of survival and even a natural entitlement for them and their families. Women who are the primary users of land for farming faces challenges on owning landed properties as a result of their gender. Women, frequently and systematically lack access to land rights in many countries. Yet, land rights are keys for a life with dignity; they are the basis for entitlements which can ensure an adequate standard of living and economic independence and thus, personal freedom. This study therefore aims at examining land ownership patterns and livelihood of women in Ado-Odo local government of Ogun state. The paper was hinged on Social exclusion and feminist theory. Method of data collections was triangulated. Five hundred questionnaires were distributed to participants through multistage sampling technique. While indepth interviewed were conducted for twenty respondents that were purposively picked. Quantitative data was analysed using simple percentage and frequency distribution. Hypothesis was tested with chi-square method. Qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis and ethnographic summaries. Findings from the study revealed that patterns of land ownership in Ado-Odo local government affects women livelihoods and that majority of women respondents want change, as they narrated their challenges as regards patterns of land ownership. The paper recommends that for women to have full access and rights to ownership of lands there is need to deconstruct, re-construct, and re-conceptualize customary law notions as they pertain to issues of land inheritance by women. This is important for sustainable development in Ogun state, Nigeria.
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Afolabi, E. A., and O. Smith-Kayode. "Gender Needs and Appropriate Horticulture-related Postharvest Technology Options for Rural Southwestern Nigeria." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 653g—654. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.653g.

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A pilot sustainable rural initiative project was introduced to build capacity among trade associations consisting of women engaged in fruit agribusiness. The purpose was to improve production and encourage local processing of horticultural commodities of economic importance like citrus, pineapple and mango fruits. Training the trainer approach was used to extend simple techniques of food preservation including partial processing and juice bottling to potential entrepreneurs. Skills were transferred primarily to selected extension specialists who coordinate grassroots training. The training and visit technique was utilized to measure adoption rate among the rural people. Impact of the scheme on postharvest food loss reduction is discussed in this presentation; there is ample opportunity to optimize resource utilization and increase income generation through applied horticultural technology.
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Ahmad, Aisha. "“We Have Captured Your Women”: Explaining Jihadist Norm Change." International Security 44, no. 1 (July 2019): 80–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00350.

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In recent years, jihadists across the world have transformed their gendered violence, shocking the world by breaking from prior taboos and even celebrating abuses that they had previously prohibited. This behavior is surprising because jihadists represent a class of insurgents that are deeply bound by rules and norms. For jihadists, deviating from established Islamist doctrines is no easy feat. What then explains these sudden transformations in the rules and norms governing jihadist violence? An inductive investigation of contemporary jihadist violence in Pakistan and Nigeria reveals a new theory of jihadist normative evolution. Data from these cases show that dramatic changes in jihadist violence occur when an external trigger creates an expanded political space for jihadist entrepreneurs to do away with normative constraints on socially prohibited types of violence. As these jihadist leaders capitalize on the triggers, they are able to encourage a re-socialization process within their ranks, resulting in the erosion of previously held taboos, the adoption of proscribed behaviors, and the emergence of toxic new norms.
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Onabajo, Michael Bamidele, and Adedeji Oluwaseun Adewusi. "Youth Involvement in ICT Informal Sector Jobs in Ile-Ife, Nigeria." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 10, no. 4 (October 2018): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicthd.2018100102.

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This article examines the motivators of gender notions and satisfaction in ICT informal sector jobs among youths in Ile-Ife, Osun state. A cross-sectional research design was employed to collect data. A total of 168 questionnaires and 30 in-depth interviews were administered and conducted on young ICT entrepreneurs. Findings revealed that socio-cultural factors such as peer group, parental influence, and social responsibilities have positively motivated youths to engage in ICT informal sector jobs. It also revealed that men were more prominent in ICT informal jobs like repairs, sales of mobile phones and computers, and women engage in the sale of rechargeable cards. Lastly, the study found that income (β = 0.062, p = 0.003) positively influences satisfaction with ICT informal sector jobs. The study concluded that youths are socio-culturally motivated to engage in ICT informal sector jobs. However; there are gender occupational differences in ICT informal sector jobs.
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O. M., Iroegbu, and Ubuaru L. C. "Characterization of Government Entreprenurial Human Capacity Building and its Impact on Business Profile of Women Entreprenuers in Abia State, Nigeria." Business, Management and Economics Research, no. 57 (June 20, 2019): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/bmer.57.98.103.

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This study evaluated the extent of inclusion and participation of Women in Human capacity Building of a State in Nigeria. One hundred female business owners who graduated from skill acquisition centres of Abia state were randomly sampled to determine access to capacity building programmes, relevance of skills offered in programmes and type of business operation. Results showed that the 30% women affirmation policy as implemented by Abia State Government is an important factor in women entrepreneurial development. The Human Capacity building of Women entrepreneurs are tailored as stop gap. Even as petroleum producing state with strong financial base, her human capacity building strategies lack depth and are less consistent with entrepreneurial goals of women with tertiary level education. Irrespective of the state cosmopolitan status the human capacity building strategies are challenged by male dominated bureaucracy and cultural perception of female roles. A significant number (68% ) of women endorsed government policies. Seventy (70%) percent of women with tertiary education level viewed the skills offered in human capacity building as irrelevant to their training needs and entrepreneurial aspirations.Financial independence and Technology knowledge base influenced choice of business operations. The service sector was observed as the predominant choice of women.Empowerment support facilitation was suggestive of gender disparity in capacity building programmes.
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YUSUFF, OLABISI SHERIFAT. "THE DYNAMICS OF STRATEGIC ENTRY AND MOTIVATIONS OF YORUBA FEMALE TEXTILE TRADERS IN THE BALOGUN MARKET, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 18, no. 02 (June 2013): 1350012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108494671350012x.

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Despite the significant contributions of women in economic development nationally, the unrecognized attitude of the government, lack of existing legal framework and policies, vagaries of informal economy and changes in the social–economic landscape have accounted largely for the closure of female enterprises in the informal economy. Using Yoruba female textile traders as a case study because these women have broken the "glass ceiling" and made a success of their textile trading, this paper examined the dynamics of entry and motivations of Yoruba women in textile trading. The paper synthesized Social Capital Theory by Coleman and Social Action Theory by Max Weber to explain the issue. It utilized a qualitative method of data collection. Eight focus group discussions and forty in-depth interviews were used to collect information from the women participants who were purposively chosen. The data reveal that parents, family/kinship members and friends had great influence in the strategic entry of women into textile trading in the Balogun market and the subsequent development of women's entrepreneurial activities. Yoruba female textile traders were motivated into textile trading because of economic and cultural values attached to the trade. This data is essential toward policy formulation for women's entrepreneurial development in the informal economy. This paper argues that any policies implemented for women entrepreneurs in the informal economy must be conceived, formulated and implemented with an in-depth understanding of the nuanced elements in the cultural domain within the social system, which the existing literature has yet to capture.
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