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Carango, Kathryn Price. "An analysis of President Barack Obama's Global Health Initiative within the framework of a women-centered approach to the socialdeterminants of health." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45170757.
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Gordon, Roberta June. "Pregnant women's perception and application of health promotion messages at community health centres." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Studies have shown that pregnant women do understand and value information of their unborn child. However, those providing health promotion services often focus on medical procedures and health education messages, ignoring the cultural, socio-economic and psychological dimensions that impact on women's health. This research aimed to look at a specific component of health promotion, i.e. health promotion messages shared with pregnant women attending Stellenbosch and Klapmuts Community Health Centre Antenatal Health Promotion Programme and their perceptions of how they apply messages in their daily lives.
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Bitangaro, Barbara Kagoro. "The role of gender relations in decision-making for access to antiretrovirals. A study of the AIDS Support Organisation (TASO) clients, Kampala district, Uganda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The way gender relations influence access to care and treatment particularly access to antiretroviral medicines is a challenge to HIV/AIDS programmes and to the individuals and families with HIV. Gender norms that push women and men to adhere to dominant ideals of femininity and masculinity may restrict women's access to economic resources, health care and fuel the spread of HIV. The aim of this study was to determine the role of gender relations in influencing decision-making for access to antiretroviral medicines between partners and in the family.
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Valencia, Venus Zamarripa. "A descriptive study of Orange County Latinas' breast cancer knowledge levels." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2852.
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Hembroff, Nicole, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Orthodox Hindu attitudes to menstruation / Nicole Hembroff." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Religious Studies, c2010, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2600.
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Although menstruation is a biological process that occurs for women of a sexually
mature age, many cultures associate it with symbols that shape and affect women's lives
within these societies. This thesis examines orthodox Hindu beliefs about the origin and
meaning of menstruation, which is fundamentally viewed negatively (i.e., adharmically).
Drawing upon sources from the earliest to more recent Dharmasastra literature, the thesis
demonstrates that orthodox Hindu menstrual taboos derive from menstruation's adharmic
associations, which in turn affect attitudes towards women. The Dharmasastras also
attempt to realign women with dharma by prescribing appropriate roles for them and act
in tandem with the Hindu goddess tradition. Orthodox interpretations of Hindu goddesses
configure these deities to serve as dharmic models "for" and " o f women, thereby
transmitting dharma to women in ways that are perhaps more meaningful, accessible, and
effective than the sastric literature alone.
ivviii, 102 leaves , 3 leaves of plates : ill. ; 29 cm
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Evans, Gina. "Psychosocial and cultural predictors of dietary fat intake in African American women." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1354641.
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The present study explored whether African American women's level of dietary fat intake could be predicted by the variables of food preferences and preparation methods, support for healthy eating from family and friends, attitudes toward health, and acculturation. The present study also explored whether African American women's level of dietary fat intake could be predicted by the variables of food preferences and preparation methods, support for healthy eating from family and friends, and attitudes toward health, as moderated by acculturation.Information was obtained from five hundred and nintey nine African American females between the ages of eighteen and forty four. The women were recruited from a Midwestern univeristy, an undergraduate and graduate chapter of an African American sorority, two African American professional organizations, and through the snowball method. Particpants completed a Demographic Questionnaire, The Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire, The African American Acculturation Scale Short Form, The Health Attitudes Scale, The Social Support Scale, and The Eating Patterns Subscale on the Eating Habits Questionnaire. The data was collected via hardcopy and InQsit, an online survey program.Numerous preliminary tests were run to screen the data for outliers, linearity, and multicollinearity. Then, two forced entry multiple regressions were performed. In the first analysis, the overall model was a significant predictor of dietary fat intake. African American women's preferred foods, positive and negative support from friends, overallconcern for health, and intentions to adopt positive health practices are significant predictors of their level of dietary fat intake. In fact, these variables acccounted for almost half of the amount of variance in dietary fat intake. The second model was not significant and acculturation was not a significant predictor or moderator of dietary fat intake. Although acculturation was proven to be influential to dietary behaviors in African Americans in previous literature, the findings were not confirmed in this study.Multiple possibilies may explain the lack of significant findings between level of acculturation and dietary fat intake. The women in the current study were of a higher educational and income status than women in previous studies indicating significant findings. This difference in education and income, among other factors, may account for the difference in significant findings. The information gained in this study can be used to develop pschoeducational and treatment programs aimed at helping African American women prevent or treat health problems associated with poor eating habits. Several research implications are also noted.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Armeni, Elizabeth. "Menstruation goes public : aspects of womens's menstrual experience in Montreal, 1920-1975." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26674.
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Menstruation is all at once a cultural, social, historical, and biological process. Intertwined, these forces create menstrual experiences which are neither fixed nor universal, but rather adaptable and transformable not only between cultures, but from within cultures as well. How these factors interrelate, what menstrual discourse they create, and how that translates into women's everyday lives, becomes the focus of this research. Structured around the relationship between prescription and reality, this study examines the interplay of those who defined the menstrual discourse: doctors, mothers, and the sanitary napkin industry, and those who experienced it.Listening to the lives of twenty-four women, born between 1910 and 1965, a complex and ambiguous tale of the menstrual experience emerges. Through their narratives, we learn the importance of early instruction by mothers; the emphasis placed on hygiene and concealment; the effect menstruation had on women's sexual, feminine, and (re)productive identity. Once women's voices are taken into consideration, it becomes clear that the dynamic between prescription deeming menstruation as unclean or deviant and women's reality is not straightforward. Women reacted to the menstrual discourse, at times they rejected it, other times adhered to it, but for the most part, simply transformed it to meet their daily needs.
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Bridges, Jennifer. "Reclaiming Female Virtue: Social Hygiene, Venereal Disease and Texas Reclamation Centers during World War I." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404551/.
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During the Progressive Era in the United States, social hygiene reformers underwent a fundamental change in their stance toward women accused of prostitution or promiscuous behavior. Rather than viewing such women as unfortunate victims of circumstance who were worthy of compassion, many Progressives deemed them as predatory villains who instead deserved incarceration, forced rehabilitation, and non-consenting medical interference. Texas, due to the many military bases within its borders, became a key battleground in this moral crusade against women as the carriers and proliferators of VD. "Promiscuous" women were seen as not only dangerous to the soldiers but also as a threat to the nation's security, creating an environment that led Texas Progressives to suppress women's civil liberties in the name of protecting soldiers. The catalyst for this change in attitude was World War I. The Great War brought to the forefront an unpleasant reality facing a significant percentage of America's fighting men: venereal disease. While combating sexually transmitted diseases was a serious medical and manpower concern for the military in the era before penicillin, the sole focus on women as the carriers and proliferators of VD led to a nationwide campaign against the "social evil" that demonized women and led to the suspension of thousands of women's habeas corpus rights. This dissertation examines how the twin crusades of Progressivism and the War to End All Wars created conditions in Texas that for many women meant appalling repression rather than progress toward the enjoyment of greater equality.
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Papole, Magdeline Kgomotso. "Exploring the factors influencing non-participation of women living with HIV/AIDS in empowerment projects attached to primary health care clinics, Tembisa, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4322.
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Thesis (MPhil (Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research was conducted to explore the experiences of people living with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (PLWAs), especially women, as well as the factors influencing their non-participation in development projects aimed at improving their socio-economic status. The study was conducted amongst PLWAs who are members of the Tembisa Main Clinic and Winnie Mandela Clinic support groups in Tembisa, South Africa. The researcher was motivated to conduct the research because in her work as a social worker she is confronted daily with PWLAs who are from disadvantaged backgrounds and are struggling to make ends meet. Initiatives have been undertaken to try and encourage self–reliance and improve the health status of these women by developing food gardens to provide them with fresh vegetables and possible income sources from these gardens. The reluctance of members of two support groups of PLWAs to stay involved in these projects encouraged the researcher to explore these issues. The researcher consulted various sources to obtain literature on the factors influencing non-participation in development projects. In addition she undertook a qualitative study, wherein twenty participants participated. The data from this study was then interpreted and compared to the literature. The findings of this study highlighted several factors such as discrimination, local beliefs, stigma and lack of support, which influence the non- participation of PWLAs in sustainable development projects. The findings of this research also indicate that developments projects often fail to thrive because of topdown decisions about the projects, the fact that there is no start-up funding available for the projects and participants who become demotivated to participate. The research therefore concludes with recommendations in order to address these problems.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is onderneem om die ondervinding van mense, veral vroue, wat met Verworwe Immuniteitsgebrek Sindroom (VIGS) lewe, te ondersoek, asook die faktore wat hulle daarvan weerhou om deel te neem aan ontwikkelingsprojekte wat daarop gemik is om hul sosio-ekonomiese status te verbeter. Die studie is onderneem onder pasiënte wat lede was van ondersteuningsgroepe by Tembisa Hoofkliniek en Winnie Mandela Kliniek in Tembisa, Suid-Afrika. Die navorser is gemotiveerd om die studie te onderneem omdat sy daagliks in haar werk as sosiale werker gekonfronteer is deur mense wat met VIGS lewe, wat uit minder bevoorregte agtergronde kom en wat sukkel om te oorleef. Inisiatiewe is onderneem om hierdie vroue se selfstandigheid te bevorder en om hul gesondheidstatus te verbeter deur groente tuine te ontwikkel om hulle van vars groente te verskaf, asook moontlike inkomstebronne uit hierdie tuine. Die onwilligheid van die lede van twee ondersteuningsgroepe om in hierdie projekte betrokke te bly, het die navorser aangemoedig om hierdie aangeleentheid verder te ondersoek. Die navorser het verskeie bronne geraadpleeg om literatuur te verkry oor die faktore wat die nie-deelname in ontwikkelingsprojekte beïnvloed. Sy het ook kwalitatiewe studie onderneem waaraan twintig respondente deelgeneem het. Die data van hierdie navorsing is daarna geïnterpreteer en met die literatuur vergelyk. Die bevindinge van hierdie navorsing het verskeie faktore uitgelig wat die niedeelname beïnvloed van mense wat met VIGS lewe, soos diskriminasie, plaaslike gelowe, stigma en gebrek aan ondersteuning. Die navorsing het ook bevind dat ontwikkelingsprojekte dikwels nie floreer nie as gevolg van die ‘topdown’ besluitneming oor die projekte en omdat daar nie genoegsame vooraf befondsing beskikbaar is vir die projekte nie en die deelnemers dus demotiveer om verder deel te neem. Die navorsing sluit dus af met voorstelle om hierdie probleme aan te spreek.
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Murtagh, Madeleine Josephine. "Intersections of feminist and medical constructions of menopause in primary medical care and mass media: risk, choice and agency." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm9851.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-288). Examines language used by general practitioners and in mass media to ask 'what are the implications of constructions of menopause for health care practice and public health for women at menopause?'. Presents the findings of qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with nine general practitioners working in rural South Australia and qualitative and quantitative analyses of 345 south Australian newspaper articles from 1986 to 1998.
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Warren, Ann Marie. "Partner abuse: Health consequences to women." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5534/.
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Intimate partner violence is endemic in the United States. According to the American Medical Association (1992), one-fifth to one-third of women will sustain violence from a partner or ex-partner in their lifetime. The relevant literature was organized by ICD-9-CM categories. This study examined the health consequences of partner abuse in a sample of community women using a sample consisting of 564 women in three ethnic groups. Because prior research has failed to account for variations by type of abuse on health consequences, this study assessed psychological abuse, violence and sexual aggression by women's partners. To determine whether or not different types of abuse had an effect on women's health, hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. The regression equations were calculated for women within each ethnic group to facilitate identification of similarities and differences and to control for ethnic differences in risk for specific diseases. The results were consistent with past research on health consequences of abuse and extended the prior literature by showing that psychological abuse had a pervasive effect on health conditions, distress and use of health care resources. Additionally, ethnic differences emerged. As expected, ethnicity appeared to function as a moderator. Clinical implications and recommendations are made for future research, suggesting the development of a new assessment tool for partner abuse screening.
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Cooper, Diane. "Women's social position and their health : a case study of the social determinants of the health of women in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14955.
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Includes bibliographical references.This thesis examines the social determinants of women's health status, health knowledge and knowledge and use of health services in a peri-urban area, using Kbayelitsha in Cape Town, South Africa as a case study. It argues for the importance of women's health as a specific focus, looks at some trends in women's health internationally over the past two decades and reviews the main factors affecting women's health. Some key issues in women's health of special relevance to developing countries such as South Africa are discussed. There is a special focus on newly urbanised women in peri-urban areas. Against this background the results of a community-based survey, preceded by indepth interviews, and conducted amongst 659 women in Kbayelitsha in 1989 and 1990 are presented. Data collected were statistically analysed using unIvariate,, bivariate and multivariate analysis. A number of priority social and health problems are identified: poverty; poor environmental conditions; lack of education, partlcularly skills training appropriate for finding work and the subordinate social status of women. Major health concerns included reproductive tract infections, especially sexually transmitted diseases, infertility, contraceptive use and ante-natal care during pregnancy. There were inadequacies in cervical screening conducted by health services and deficiencies in respondents' knowledge of AIDS. cervical smears and where to obtain various health services . Young, newly urbanised women, living in the poorly serviced and unserviced informal housing areas were partlcularly vulnerable in their socio-economic and health status within a peri-urban African community such as Khayelitsha. They also had poorest health knowledge and least knowledge of where to acquire health services. Some recommended interventions focussing on certain of these areas are suggested. It is argued that changes in the provision of women's health services within a primary health care setting can only be part of the process of improving women's health. Improvements in women's economic status and their social status are fundamental to any initiatives to improve their health status.
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Horner, Katrina E. "The effect of increasing physical activity on health benefits in sedentary women." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041902.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the current CDC/ACSM physical activity recommendation, ("30 minutes or more of accumulated moderate-intensity activity, most if not all, days of the week") would improve women's health through a reduction ofcoronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Twenty-one sedentary females (ages 49 ± 7 yrs.) with one or more CHD risk factors underwent baseline laboratory including: resting heart rate and blood pressure, resting electrocardiogram, body mass index, bioelectrical impedance, skinfold measures, waist-to-hip, blood lipid profile, and V02max. The VO2 was determined by an exercise treadmill test using the Ball State University Ramp protocol. The subjects were instructed on the CDC/ACSM recommendation, the physical activity survey, and given examples of moderate-intensity activity. The survey data was collected bimonthly over the six month period. The subjects reported participating in >_ 30 min. of moderate-intensity activity an average of 4 f 1 days/week with an average duration of 54 ± 26 min. On the remaining days, the subjects reported doing an average of 14 ± 6 minutes per day. Also, 90% of the women reported doing the activity in continuous bouts. Following the six month study period, the women were retested in the laboratory. Sixteen subjects completed the post-testing. The results of the sixteen women showed a significant improvements in HDL-cholesterol (51 ± 15 vs.56 ± 15 mmHg; p=<.05) and TC/HDL ratio (4.5 ± 1 vs.4.25 ± 1.3; p=<.05). There were no significant changes in the other risk factor variables examined or their V02,„.. It was concluded that the majority of previously sedentary, middle aged women can not meet the CDC/ACSM recommendations for daily activity and total energy expenditure. Additionally, it appears that when given the choice, these women choose to do activity in continuous time blocks versus breaking the daily activities into shorter time periods.School of Physical Education
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Gagné, Marie-Anik. "Worry and the traditional stress model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/NQ44434.pdf.
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Hunt, Kate. "Understanding gender and health : systematically comparing the health and health experiences of men and women." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/99/.
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Gender differences in health are the product of a complex interaction between biology and the social world. Our ascribed sex and how this is interpreted in the culture within which we live (gender) have life-long consequences for our life chances, including our health. For many years the aphorism that ‘men die quicker but women are sicker’ was presumed to encapsulate gender differences in health. The first paper presented in the thesis challenged this dominant paradigm. First, an analysis of morbidity in two British data sets showed more similarity than difference between men and women. Secondly, we highlighted earlier research with similar results which had been overlooked and failed to shake the ‘gender orthodoxy’. Thirdly, we stressed the ahistoric and decontextualised way in which research on gender and health had been conducted or reported. The remaining papers in the thesis share two underlying principles; all make systematic comparisons between men and women, and all attempt to also examine diversity within gender. All but one of the papers utilise data from the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study, a study of the social patterning of health in three age cohorts. The second paper examined the impact of paid and unpaid work on symptoms, treating each domain as being relevant in principle to the health of both women and men. The experience of paid work was the predominant influence on malaise symptoms, and unpaid work in the home did not explain any variation in men’s symptom scores. Similar associations were seen between most aspects of paid work and malaise symptom scores in both genders. The paper highlighted the dearth of literature that had compared systematically either the conditions of men’s and women’s paid work, or the health effects of the paid and unpaid work environment for men and women. Men’s ‘under-usage’ of health care is often constructed as a problem, potentially reinforcing an assumption that women ‘over-use’ health care. On average, women have more consultations with their general practitioner, but this excess is mostly apparent in the reproductive years. The third paper examined whether these gender differences exist when taking account of the underlying nature and perceived severity of illness. Women were no more likely than men to have consulted their GP in the past year amongst those reporting morbidity in any of the five condition groups, and men were more likely to have consulted amongst those who reported digestive conditions. The fourth paper takes as its starting point the strong patterning of cigarette smoking by gender (and class) throughout the twentieth century. In it we examined the relationship between ‘masculinity’ and ‘femininity’ scores using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI, an instrument developed within social psychology in the 1970s). No relationship was seen between either score and smoking in the youngest cohort, nor amongst men in the middle cohort, and in the oldest cohort there was only a suggestion of an association between higher femininity scores and smoking in men. The strongest relationship was seen between ‘femininity’ score and smoking amongst women born in the 1950s who also had a somewhat elevated risk associated with higher ‘masculinity’ scores. Suicide and suicidal behaviours are strongly patterned by gender, and the dramatic rise in suicides amongst young males in the late 1980s and 1990s in several countries was often attributed to a ‘crisis’ in masculinity. The fifth paper examines the association between serious suicidal thoughts and the same measures of ‘masculinity’ and ‘femininity’ and a measure of gender traditionalism. In both men and women in early and late middle age, we found a negative association between higher ‘masculinity scores’ and serious suicidal thoughts, and a positive association between more traditional gender role attitudes and serious suicidal thoughts at older ages. No such associations were seen in early adulthood, and no relationship was seen between serious suicidal thoughts and ‘femininity’ scores at any age. Gender differences in the pattern of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality have been described as enigmatic and one of the most striking features of cardiovascular mortality in the twentieth century. In an analysis controlling for many of the classic risk factors for CHD (smoking, blood pressure, body mass index, mental health), we found that higher ‘femininity’ scores (using continuous scores from the BSRI) were associated with a decreased risk of CHD mortality in men. No such association was seen in women, and the continuous ‘masculinity’ scores were unrelated to mortality in both women and men. Some advantages and problems with using these measures of ‘masculinity’ and ‘femininity’ in sociological research on gender and health are discussed. Previous research on one distressing side effect of some cancer treatments, chemotherapy-induced hair loss, has almost exclusively focussed on women. The final paper compares young adults’ experiences of hair loss following chemotherapy. Hair loss was a challenging aspect of the experience of cancer for both women and men which made them acutely aware of their vulnerability and visibility as a ‘cancer patient’. Both recounted negative reactions to their altered image, challenging social norms of interaction. However, there were two notable gender differences: it was only men who discussed the loss of body hair below the eyeline; and only women who spoke of being encouraged to wear wigs or offered ice helmets to delay or disguise hair loss. These differences are discussed in relation to social constructions of hair as a marker social identity, including gender. I argue that the gender-comparative approach taken reveals important commonalities across gender, highlighting a greater need for more support for men with chemotherapy induced alopecia, and makes what is not said in the women’s interviews as revealing as what is said in men’s. The concluding remarks highlight the challenges in researching gender and health, and discuss the complex ways in which gender can influence health and vice-versa.
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Ward, Jessica. "The relationship between exercise and physical self-concept among nonparticipants, exercisers, and athletic college females." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221292.
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This research examined the relationship between beliefs about physical activity, physical activity levels, age and the promotional practices for physical activity employed by Air Force squadron commanders. Additionally, differences in levels of promotional practice were evaluated based on group, MAJCOM and rank of the commander. Web based surveys were completed by 178 commanders at bases world-wide.Positive correlations were observed between physical activity and both personal benefit beliefs and organizational benefit beliefs (417 and .298, p <.001, respectively). Using a step-wise linear regression, only age and personal benefit beliefs had small predictive value for promotion practices score (R2 = .063 for age and personal benefit beliefs combined, p < .001). The difference in mean promotion practices score between some MAJCOMs was significant. Open-ended responses provided insight into practices and beliefs.Fisher Institute for Wellness and Gerontology
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Roussy, Joanne Marie. "How poverty shapes women's experiences of health during pregnancy, a grounded theory study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0028/NQ38967.pdf.
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Gerber, Roné. "Exploring the perceptions of women with rheumatoid arthritis of how their illness impacts their relationship with their intimate partner." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2069.
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Magister Psychologiae - MPsychThis study explored women's perceptions of how their illness (Rheumatoid Arthritis- RA) affects their relationship with their intimate life partner. RA is a chronic, inflammatory, auto-immune illnes, which mainly affects the synovial membranes of multiple joints. This highly inflammatory poly-arthritis may lead to joint destruction, chronic pain, deformity and loss of functioning as unfortunate outcomes of the established illness. RA affects key life domains such as psychological well-being, social well-being, family and couple relationships, employment, loss of independence and restrictions in daily functioning.
South Africa
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Clark, Lauren. "Mormon women and the role of religion in obtaining relevant health care." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276791.
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Using the qualitative methodology of grounded theory, decision-making about health and illness situations was studied in a sample of six women members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons). The purpose of the study was to identify the process used by Mormon women in deciding when to use available healing alternatives, namely self care, the laying on of hands, biomedical practitioners expertise, and social support networks. The identified process, called the "Mormon Woman's Decision-Making Road-Map to Health," is composed of the categories of Protecting Health, Diagnosing a Problem, Considering Possible Treatment Actions, and Evaluating Treatment Effectiveness. The process described in the Road Map to Health model is helpful to health care professionals who seek to understand and influence the health care decision-making of their clients.
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Carter, Alice Powers. "Biopsychosocial Factors Related to Health among Older Women." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277811/.
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Older adults are more vulnerable to the ill effects of life stress due to physiological changes associated with aging that result in decreased immunocompetence. Stressors interacting with an aging immune system may produce further declines in health. Variables shown to modulate the effect of stressors on neuroendocrine and immune function and health include social support, personality, coping style, and health locus of control. A comprehensive model is proposed that includes: life stressors, social resources, psychological resources, interaction between stressors and social resources, neuroendocrine and immune function, and symptomatology. This model was evaluated using structured equation modeling. Participants were 97 active, community dwelling, older women, ranging in age from 60 to 93 years.
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Dunk, Pamela Wakewich. "My nerves are broken : the social relations of illness in a Greek-Canadian community." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64074.
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Bartholomew, Michelle L. "Health experiences of older African Caribbean women living in the UK." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2012. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/17501/.
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This thesis examines older (60-75 years) African Caribbean migrant women‟s experiences of health and the extent to which these connect with identity across the life-course. It draws on their accounts to consider how gender, migrant and ethnic identity are produced and constructed in later life. The thesis considers the religious experiences of older African Caribbean women and how these influence health and well-being. The relationship between past and present homeland experiences, traditions and homeland produce such as food and medicine, is further examined. The aim here is to identify how the maintenance of ethnic and cultural identities influences their perceptions of health, western healthcare and medical practices. The key theories examined relate to identity construction and how identity categories are inter-dependant, constantly changing and made up of boundaries that are not totally fixed. In addition to this, the formation of religious identity is examined to see the extent to which religion and its practices are contained within certain parameters and constraints which can structure the nature of both self-representation and subjectivity. The gendered nature of knowledge is also examined to ascertain how knowledge influences individual power and how power can influence the connections between the body, surveillance and health. A qualitative and in depth interpretative analysis guided by feminist epistemological and ontological thought is used. A methodological aim was to deconstruct the universal categories of women‟s experiences, in order to enable insight into the different types of regulation that define the individual experiences of older migrant African Caribbean women living in the UK. A second aim within the research process was to explore how the researcher‟s biography influences and is influenced by the biographies of the research participants. The key findings suggest past experiences have impacted on the health and well-being of African Caribbean women in later life. For instance, life-course inequalities had a direct impact on their health and life-fulfilment as they grew older. The experiences of older African Caribbean women link to the construction of both their ethnic and cultural identity, and these identities are constructed in such a way as to maintain the self and identity boundaries. Religion and its practices are of immense importance to older African Caribbean women. It is through such activities that many were able to cope with hardship and the effects of multiple oppressions. These have influenced how older African Caribbean women perceive and maintain their health and well-being. In understanding the lives of older African Caribbean women, it is important to consider the ways in which cultural, migratory and social experiences shape their experiences of health and well-being in later life; in order to acknowledge diversity through the recognition and acceptance of difference.
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Woo, Violet Ryo-Hwa. "The effects of moderate exercise on dietary intake, iron status, and cardiovascular endurance of 56- to 67-year-old women." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41533.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of moderate exercise on iron status, dietary intake and cardiovascular fitness in 56- to 67-year-old women. Women 56- to 67-years-old were randomly assigned to two groups: exercise (n=8) or non-exercise (n=9) groups. Women in the exercise group cycled on an ergometer three days/week, 30 minutes/session at 70-75% maximal heart rate for 10 consecutive weeks. At weeks 0 and 11, submaximal treadmill stress tests were obtained to determine cardiovascular fitness level. Venous blood samples were also obtained at weeks 0 and 11 to determine serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations. Three-day dietary and activity records were obtained from each subject at weeks 0 and 10. Using paired t-tests for statistical analysis, the data indicated a significant increase in time to reach 70% maximum heart rate (p<0.001), a significant decrease in average heart rate/grade (p<0.05) and a significant increase in hemoglobin concentrations (p<0.01) in the exercise group at week 11. Student t-tests indicated significant differences between the groups in hemoglobin concentration at week 0 (p<0.005) and hematocrit concentration at weeks 0 and 11 (p<0.05). The exercise group had significantly lower vitamin C and monounsaturated fatty acid intake than the non-exercise group at week 0 (p<0.05). No other significant differences in nutrient intakes were observed between or within the two groups. Caloric intakes varied widely between the two groups, ranging from 1223.0 ± 248.4 to 1533.3 ± 480.8 kcal at weeks 0 and 10 in the exercise group; 1270.1 ± 376.3 to 1348.7 ± 334.8 kcal in the non-exercise group. Intakes of zinc were less than 70% of the 1989 RDA in both groups, ranging from 56.9 ± 14.6 to 66.6 ± 16.3 percent. The results indicate that moderate exercise does not significantly change the dietary intake and all parameters of iron status but enhances the cardiovascular fitness level in 56- to 67-year-old women.Master of Science
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Tibbetts, Dorothy S. "Women who Select Naturopathic Health Care During the Menopausal Transition: A Study in Grounded Theory." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4879.
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A grounded theory method was used to investigate the experiences of women who use naturopathic medicine, a system of alternative therapy, for health care during the menopausal transition. Transcripts of 16 in-depth interviews with women who received naturopathic health care during the menopausal transition were analyzed with respect to three research questions: (a) Why do women seek naturopathic health care during the menopausal transition? (b) Do women who use naturopathic treatment for menopausal health care share similar experiences of menopause? and ( c) Are women satisfied with the naturopathic treatment they receive for menopausal health care? Conditions leading to informants' use of naturopathy were represented by two categories: Practicing natural self-care, and Rejecting the conventional medical system Experiences of menopause were represented by three categories: It's not a singular event, Paying attention to changes in and around me, and Information helps. Informants' satisfaction with naturopathy for menopause-related health care was represented by four categories: Naturopathy is consistent with engaging in natural self-care practices, Naturopathy is effective in treating troubling menopausal signs, Naturopathy addresses individual and interrelated aspects of menopause, and Naturopathy provides moral and informational support. Continued analysis of the data revealed a core category, Exchanging infonnation, that provided a foundation for the theoretical model representing the experience of women who use naturopathic health care at menopause. The grounded theory developed in this study may be useful to health professionals by increasing understanding of the naturopathic health care option for menopausal women. Suggestions for further study include quantitative evaluation of components of the theory developed in this study, continued qualitative and quantitative investigation of aspects of information exchange between patients and their conventional and alternative practitioners, application of grounded theory methodology to studies of women's use of hormone replacement therapy, and application of grounded theory methodology to studies of patients' selection of alternative medicine for health matters other than menopause.
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Frank, Beth. "Conjoint treatment : impact on married couples with and without PMS." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917831.
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The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a marital systems approach to the treatment of women with self-referred premenstrual syndrome. The first purpose of the study was to identify any significant differences on the Global Distress Scale of the Marital Satisfaction Inventory and the Causal Dimension Scale between (PMS+) and (PMS-) married couples before and after marital treatment. The second purpose of the study was to determine any significant differences on dependent measures of averaged marital ratings between (PMS+) and (PMS-) wives during thecycle ratings between (PMS+) and (PMS-) wives.Nine married couples participated in a group comparison study through Community Hospitals of Indianapolis, Indiana. The study was conducted in two phases, including a three month assessment phase followed by a two month treatment phase. Four married couples whose wives met the DSM-III-R's diagnostic criteria for Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder were included in the (PMS+) group. Five married couples whose wives did not meet the diagnostic criteria for LLPDD were included in the (PMS-) comparison group.Statistical analyses revealed significant time effects; assessment and treatment purpose of the study was differences on dependent phase of the study. The third to identify any significant measures of averaged menstrual no three-way or two-way interactive effects for any of the three hypotheses. The results clinically support the notion of treating marriages with PMS versus solely treating women with PMS. Regardless of whether wives prospectively confirmed premenstrual symptoms, treatment involving the marriage impacted menstrual cycle symptom ratings and perceptions of the marriage positively.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Bender, Melissa Ann. "An investigation into disordered eating among athletes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3390.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference between athletes and non-athletes by addressing prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders, the risk factors associated with the disease(s), and health concerns for those suffering with disordered eating.
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Boyer, Duane, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Defining moments in men's lives: A study of personal narratives." Deakin University, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050727.123714.
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This study explores the defining moments in six mens lives. The empirical dimension of the research is built around the personal narratives these men tell of their lives across a series of four interviews. The central research theme is the notion of the defining moment as a key element in the processes of establishing how men understand and interpret the events and incidents that have shaped their lives. In the context of this study, the defining moment is seen as the moment or period in time when an individual gives definition to a specific event or experience, as a transition point with (potentially) life-altering consequences. Some of the thematic structures presented include relationships with significant adults (parents, teachers), masculinity, self-harm, schooling, mental illness, isolation, loneliness, stress and relationships with peers.
In my pursuit of a methodology that could accommodate the aims of this study, I explored the process of meaning through the qualitative paradigm. Drawing on the principles of qualitative research, as applied through narrative inquiry, I deployed a semi-structured interview format to collect the lived experiences of participants. By privileging the stories that individuals tell of their experiences, the narrative method recognises that data are inexorably located in the contextual and contingent. The experiences and narratives that are presented in this thesis are built around the authentic voices of participants.
The study presents a warrant for working with mens defining moments to disrupt, alter and redefine their attitudes and behaviours in order to improve their lives. Based on the insights gleaned through this study, I argue that there are defining times/points in peoples lives where their experiences can be life altering. When these experiences involve uncertainty, anxiety, stress and other pernicious effects, their longer-term consequences can be devastating. The study confirms existing research, that men are reluctant to seek help or reveal their insecurities during such times, therefore making them particularly vulnerable to defining moments.
The conclusion of this thesis establishes some broad recommendations pertaining to working effectively with men and their defining moments. I focus particular attention on the place of schooling and education in helping individuals recognise and respond to the early symptoms of what is potentially a life-altering experience. Schools and, by association, teachers need to be actively and strategically involved in this process. To this end, I argue the need for targeted interventions that are both sensitive and timely. In their engagements with young males, parents, teachers, coaches and mentors need to be particularly attuned to their silent screams for help.
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Gardner-Ray, Janet. "The impact of social groups and content on the maintenance of health behavior practices over a one-year period." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1036819.
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During a period from May, 1993 to July of 1993, 309 employees of a large telecommunication's company selfselected to participate in an eight-week health promotion program designed to assist them in changing health behaviors. The program participants were then surveyed at the end of one-year to determine if they had maintained the health behavior changes practiced during the eight-week program and the impact of family, friends and coworkers on the level the participant was practicing the health behavior changes at the end of one-year.A growing body of evidence suggests ongoing research in the area of health behavior change because health related medical claims, absenteeism and decreased productivity continue to have serious financial consequences for American business. In Corporate America, health education programs have been organized to give employees the opportunity to change negative health habits and replace them with positive health habits. The assumption being, that healthier employees': (1) use less medical benefits (2) report fewer absent sick days and (3) are more productive employees.In addition, prior research indicates that being part of a social network or having access to social group support can help individuals decrease the level they practice negative health habits and increase the level they practice positive health habits. Thus, an understanding of social group support on the behavior change process is important to education professionals evaluating the effectiveness of health education programs within the corporate setting.This research study was designed to examine a health promotion program offered to employees of a large telecommunication company and the impact social groups andcontent had on the level participants changed their health related behaviors. The research assumed that examining encouragement and discouragement provided by: (1) family, (2) friends, and (3) coworkers would lead to a greater understanding of the impact social groups had on the level a participant practiced health behavior changes at the end of one year.This research indicated that social group participation played a significant role in the level a program participant was practicing health behavior changes at the end of one year. The analysis further indicated that support from family and friends were significant factors in the behavioral change process.In addition, organizational support prior to and during the "Health Habits Challenge" program had no significant impact on the level participants were practicing health behavior changes at the end of one year. However, participants receiving organizational support prior to and during the "Health Habits Challenge" program perceived their health as having improved during the one-year maintenance phase, while participants who did not receive organizational support reported their health status had declined.Relationships reported by this research study are sufficiently strong enough to warrant further research both qualitative and quantitative, to provide health educators with a better understanding of how social groups and organizational content influence health behavior changes. The factors are potentially important, not only for theoretical and research purposes but also for making practice and policy decisions appropriate to health promotion and health education.Department of Educational Leadership
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Li, Qianhui, and 李茜晖. "Second-hand smoke exposure of pregnant women and a randomized controlled trial of brief intervention for non-smoking pregnant womenin Guangzhou, China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46939325.
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陸袁楨德 and Yuen Jean Tak Alice Loke. "Exposure of pregnant women to passive smoking and a randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of doctor's advice to non-smoking pregnant women in Guangzhou, China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31237496.
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McEwen, Marylyn. "Family adaptability, family cohesion, spirituality and caregiver strain in women as caregivers of elder kin." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558069.
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Sabina, Theresa Elizabeth. "Longitudinal changes in VOb2smax as a function of fitness training and body composition changes in women." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020156.
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Numerous cross-sectional studies have reported an inverse relationship between VO2,,,ax and age. However, few longitudinal investigations have compared the rate of decline in VO2,,.x between women who did or did not report exercise habits consistent with the 1990 ACSM position stand for quantity and quality of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if changes in exercise habits and body composition affected age-related changes in VO2.x. Subjects were 91 women (age 40.9 ± 8.8 years at baseline) tested twice between 1973 and 1996 (range of 3.1 - 21.9 years, mean interval of 9.3 ± 4.2 years). The subjects were divided into four physical activity groups based on their reported exercise habits at baseline and follow-up as: non-exercise - exercise (NE-EX; n = 21), NE-NE (n=36), EX-EX (n=19), and EX-NE (n=15). Baseline VOz,,,ax (ml-kg-1-min-1) was significantly higher for the EX vs. NE ( 38.4 ± 8.4 vs.28.8 ± 5.7; f42.2; P<.0001). ANOVA revealed significant differences between the physical activity change groups and mean percent changes in VO2. (% A ml•kg'.min'-yr') (F =10.887; P<.0001) which are listed in the following:NE-NENE-EXEX-EXEX-NE-1.081.58*-1.25-2.21* NE-EX vs. EX-NE; NE-EX vs. EX-EX; and NE-EX vs. NE-NE (P<0.05)There were differences between the following groups: NE-EX vs. EX-NE; NE-EX vs. EX-EX; and NE-EX vs. NE-NE for percent change in VO2max (nl•kg'-min 1•yr 1) with the EX-NE group having the largest decline in VO2max during the follow-up period.Using a multiple regression model after adjusting for the exercise habit groups, the exercise group scheme accounted for 27.3 percent of the variance in percent change in VO2max at step 1 of the analysis (f = 1.09; P < 0.001). Change in percent body fat and change in maximal ventilation accounted for an additional 7.2 percent and 6.5 percent of the variance at steps 2 and 3, respectively. The change in maximal heart rate accounted for an additional 2.5 percent of the variance at step 4, although the statistical significance of the contribution was low (P = 0.057). Increases in body fat and decreases in pulmonary ventilation were found associated with declines in aerobic power while a decline in maximal heart rate between the tests was associated with a decline in percent change in aerobic power.In conclusion, these data demonstrate that: 1) adoption or maintenance of a regular exercise program is associated with less decline in VO2,,. during long-term follow-up compared to women who did not exercisers, and 2) changes in exercise habits, body composition, maximal ventilation, and maximal heart rate accounted for nearly half (43 %) percent of the percent decline per year.School of Physical Education
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Anderson, Lynda May. "Privacy needs of women hospitalized for gynecological surgery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28720.
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This phenomenological study was designed to explore the privacy needs of gynecological patients, as perceived by the clients during hospitalization, for the purpose of adding to knowledge and understanding of patients' privacy.
Data were collected through sixteen in-depth interviews with eight recently hospitalized patients. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim for each participant.
Data were analyzed using Giorgi's (1975) procedure. Analysis of participants' accounts revealed that privacy was important to participants' maintenance of their self-identity. Characteristics of privacy that participants identified as helping to maintain their self-identity included providing time alone for contemplation and helping to control interactions with others. Participants reported that privacy was important for their comfort during situations involving nursing care, basic needs and social interactions with others. Participants suggested that even though they reduced their expectations of privacy during the hospital stay, their privacy needs in hospital were at times still not met. Factors within the hospital setting that contributed or detracted from participants' hospital privacy included behavior of the nurses, doctors, roommates and the physical environment of the hospital. Participants
indicated that nurses were the main factor in meeting privacy needs especially while caring for participants and participants' roommates.
The findings of this study indicated that participants were willing to trade some privacy for health care. However, participants still valued privacy and considered it important during their hospital stay.
There is a lack of research on privacy and acute care hospitalization. Recommendations for further nursing research, nursing practice, nursing education and nursing administration, based on the findings of this study, are presented in the final chapter of the study.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Silberman, Melissa. "The effects of age and physical activity on VOb2s max in men and women : a longitudinal study." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/865943.
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While a great deal of research has been directed towards investigating the age-related decline in V02max, the effect of physical activity on the age-related decline in V02max has not been clearly established. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physical activity and the age-related decline in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in apparently healthy individuals. In order to assess the effects of physical activity on the age-related decline in V02max, physiological data was obtained from 142 former participants (116 men and 26 women) (40 ± 8.0 years), in the Ball State University Adult Physical Fitness Program across an average of 12 ± 4.5 years. The subjects were divided into three physical activity group categories depending on their self-reported physical activity status at the time of the first and follow-up test. Those subjects who were sedentary at the first and last test were designated as SED-SED. Those who reported sedentary at the first test and active at the last test were designated as SEDACT and those who were physically active at the time of both tests were designated as ACT-ACT. The data from the analysis revealed that the rate of decline in V02mx expressed as change per year among adult men varied as a function of their reportedphysical activity habits. Those men designated as SED-SED and ACT-ACT experienced a statistically significant decline (p<0.05) in V02max during the follow-up period, while, those men designated as SED-ACT maintained their V°2max. The rates of the change in V02max (ml-kg- 1•min-1) for the men were -0.45, 0.03 and -0.22 ml•kg-l-min-1•yr1 for the SED-SED, SED-ACT and ACT-ACT groups respectively. The percent decline in V02max were 6%, 11% and 2% respectively. A statistical comparison of the rate of change among physical activity groups indicated a difference between the SED-SED and SED-ACT groups (p<0.05). Within the limitations of this study, these data suggested that there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of change in V02max (ml•kg-1•min-1-yr1) between the SED-SED and ACT-ACT physical activity groups. However, when presented as percent change per decade, the decline for those men who were sedentary at both time points was twice that of those men who reported an active lifestyle at both time points. Although the rates of change were not different for the SED-SED and ACT-ACT physical activity groups, those men with a physically active lifestyle maintained their aerobic power advantage as compared to sedentary men who remained sedentary. Furthermore, sedentary men who took up an active lifestyle had offset the decline in V02max (ml•kg-1•min-1) attributed to physical inactivity.The rates for the change in V02max (ml•kg-1•min-1-yr1) for the women were -0.36, 0.20 and -0.21 (ml•kg-1•min-1-yr1) for the SED-SED, SED-ACT and ACT-ACT groups respectively. While these changes were similar in direction and magnitude to those observed for the men, there were no statistically significant differences among the female groups (p>0.05). Therefore the results from the present study were inconclusive for women possibly due to the low sample size (n=26).School of Physical Education
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Galloway, Alison. "Long term effects of reproductive history on bone mineral content in women." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184477.
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Bone loss among the elderly is of increasing concern to the medical community. In a study combining retrospective data on 438 women from southern Arizona and current bone mineral values determined at the one-third distal radius, the effects of premenopausal reproductive events on postmenopausal bone mineral are investigated. Among those women who reach menarche at an early age are some whose growth is not accompanied by normal height and long bone growth. These women tend to exhibit lower bone mineral density postmenopausally. In addition, the early accumulation of weight in excess of height and a later age at menarche appears to result in wider bones still observed postmenopausally. Pregnancy normally is accompanied by an acceleration of calcium accumulation in excess of the fetal demand. However, parity appears to have little significant impact on postmenopausal bone mineral status. However, women pregnant during their teens tend to accumulate a greater amount of bone than women who first become pregnant later. These benefits to the teenage mother can be lost during lactation, an impairment of the skeleton which may continue into the postmenopausal years. The skeleton appears to require a recovery period between pregnancy and lactation cycles. Inadequate recovery time, particularly when accompanied by advanced maternal age, may have adverse effects on postmenopausal bone mineral status.
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Green, Carla Ann. "Social Support in an Urban Moroccan Neighborhood: the Effects of Social Networks, Mediation and Patronage on the Physical Health and Psychological Adjustment of Women." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1335.
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Although there has been a great deal of research in the areas of social networks, social support and well-being over the past two decades, little of that research has been cross-cultural, and virtually none has been carried out in countries outside the West. The present study attempted to describe the structure and functioning of the social networks of a group of relatively modern urban Moroccan women, and the associations among their social networks, social support, physical health and psychological well-being. Extensive interviews were conducted with 108 married or previously-married women who were living in a middle-class neighborhood in Rabat, Morocco. Subjects were asked to identify social network members, defined as friends, family or others who provided various types of support in typically encountered life situations, or with whom the subject had negative interactions. Standardized self-report instruments were used to assess physical and psychological well-being, and to assess the occurrence of stressful life events. Additional observational data were collected on respondents' neighborhoods and immediate physical surroundings. A model describing the interactions between well-being, network structure and network function was tested using factor-analytic and set-regression techniques. Stressful life events predicted reduced physical well-being. Enhanced psychological functioning was predicted by reciprocity in relationships, marital satisfaction, and to a lesser degree, practical and emotional support. Contrary to predictions, patronage support was associated with both enhanced physical and psychological well-being. Results were generally consistent with Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, which predicts that the uniformly large and well-functioning networks found in this study would produce effect sizes that were small, but consistent with Western research findings.
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Menard, Janelle Marie. "The social context of cervical cancer knowledge and prevention among Haitian immigrant women." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002679.
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Thompson, Brittany, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Under pressure : Women's Health and the social constructions of aging / Brittany Thompson." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Kinesiology, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2610.
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This thesis project explores social constructions of aging women within Women’s Health magazine. There is limited scholarly literature on representations of aging women within popular health/fitness media, such as magazines. The limited current research which does exist suggests that aging women are subjected to negative stereotypes and gendered myths within our societal and cultural values with respect to aging (Vertinsky, 1994). Media representations are strong and pervasive reflections of societal norms and expectations and may impact the way women view themselves. I therefore undertook a Foucaultian discourse analysis of Women’s Health magazine to examine if/how gendered constructions of aging are functioning within representations of health directed to women of all ages. I found that Women’s Health reproduces aging women as useless, failures, problems to be managed, and other to normative femininity. Women’s Health reinforces that aging can and should be managed through the consumption of anti-aging products, procedures, and surgeries endorsed within the magazine.v, 125 leaves ; 29 cm
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Clüver, Frances Rose Mannix. "Negotiating sexuality in Grahamstown East: young black women's experiences of relationships in the context of HIV risk." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002460.
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Adolescent sexual health has been identified as a significant health and development problem facing South Africa. Limited amounts of research on sexual interactions have been undertaken, with information on adolescents’ romantic relationships being particularly scarce. Qualitative research needs to foster an understanding of the dynamics of sexual interactions in specific settings, and with emphasis in the past on cognitive health psychology models, very little is thus known about how adolescents negotiate and make sense of their sexual experiences. This highlights the need to investigate the complexities of human sexuality in a contextual manner. In response, this study explores the lived experiences of four young black women as they negotiate their agency and sexuality in a local context. By way of in-depth qualitative interviews, which were analysed for recurrent themes using interpretative phenomenological analysis, this project examines the participants’ experiences regarding sex, relationships, communication, sexual health care, as well as HIV and pregnancy prevention. The results reveal that communication about sexuality in the participants’ homes was limited if not absent altogether. When seeking sexual health care, they found clinic nurses to be judgemental and rude. Regarding sexuality and HIV education, the participants stressed the need for outside educators to teach in more practical ways to increase efficacy. In their dating relationships, most participants revealed their boyfriends had a great deal of influence over their sexual initiation. Unwanted pregnancy surfaced as a greater fear than HIV in their accounts due to pressure to finish their education and attain well-paying jobs in the future. The participants felt unable to stop their boyfriends’ infidelity and had limited agency when facing sexual demands. Their accounts revealed that they negotiate their agency in an atmosphere of coercion and the threat of rape. However, areas of agency included their consistent condom use even when facing pressure to have unprotected sex, and their active accessing of sexual health services for hormonal contraception. These insights serve to better inform sexual and reproductive health education and intervention programmes for young women. Moreover, educators, researchers and programme developers alike may gain useful insights from the personalised accounts derived from this study.
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Viljoen, Janet Erica. "The effect of progressive resistance training on the blood lipid profile in post-menopausal women." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005191.
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The main purpose of this study was to assess the effect of progressive resistance training on the blood lipid profile in post-menopausal women. Thirty-four female subjects aged 50 to 75 years were selected from the population of Grahamstown, South Africa. All participants were previously sedentary and possessed at least one lipid profile abnormality but were otherwise healthy. Pre-tests included a sub-maximal stress Electrocardiogram, measures of stature, mass, central and limb girths as well as an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a total blood lipid profile. Participants took part in a 24-week progressive resistance training programme, consisting of three supervised sessions per week, each lasting 45 minutes and were not permitted to lose more than 10% of initial body mass during the 24-week study. All pre-test measures, excluding the stress ECG and the OGTT, were repeated every four weeks for the duration of the study. Results were that body mass, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio did not change. Girth measures at mid-humerus, chest, waist, hip, mid-quadricep and mid-gastrocnemius all decreased significantly (p=0.05). LDL-cholesterol increased significantly over the course of 24 weeks (3.61mmol.L-1 to 4.07mmol.L-1) as did total cholesterol (5.81mmol.L-1 to 6.24mmol.L-1). Triglyceride concentration remained unchanged and HDL-cholesterol decreased significantly between the pre-test measure (1.55mmol.L-1) and the measure after six months (1.42mmol.L-1). It can be concluded that the blood lipid profile in a sample of post-menopausal women was not positively affected by a progressive resistance training programme over a 24 week period.Maiden name: Kelly, Janet Erica
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Rupkalvis, Carol Anne Cude 1946. "THE RELATIONSHIP OF HEALTH WITH ROLE ATTITUDES, ROLE STRAIN, AND SOCIAL SUPPORT IN ENLISTED MILITARY MOTHERS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276399.
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Xabakashe, Ayanda. "Experiences and perceptions of mothers recovering from depression with regard to the impact of depression on family roles and coping skills." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2854_1254815311.
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The aim of the present study was to explore the subjective experiences and perceptions of mothers diagnosed with depression. The study investigated mothers' understandings of the extent to which their illness had impacted on their appraisal of their mothering and associated roles within the family. Furthermore, it investigated mothers' coping skills with regard to their illness.
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Nicaragua, Odila. "Design and application of a nutrition education program based on a test of improved practices for pregnant women and women of childbearing age in La Rinconada and Cuambo." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2003. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5407.
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This study was done with the objective of designing and applying a nutrition education program based on a test of improved practices for pregnant women and women of childbearing age in the rural communities of Ibarra canton: La Riconada and Cuambo. For this, information was collected on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the eating habits of pregnant women. These results were used to identify content and recommendations to reinforce and/or instruct about eating during pregnancy. Nutrition education was based on the methodology of the improved practices test, which consisted of testing the recommendations in families' homes before recommending them and recording information on their acceptability. The results indicate that pregnant women in the two communities don't eat all the food groups every day. They need to increase the consumption of foods rich in calcium and iron, as well as foods that supply energy, protein, and fats. The pregnant women don't eat additional foods to cover these recommendations during the pregnancy. Despite the knowledge they have and the lessons they received, there are women who don't eat greens, vegetables, and fruits because they don't like them, and those who do eat them don't meet the established nutritional recommendations. The women prefer to eat artificial drinks with unboiled water, and they do not look after personal hygiene. The test of improved practices has been useful for observing if they really put in practice the knowledge about eating during pregnancy, and at the same time it helped design the educational proposal that served as a guide to help improve eating practices of pregnant women in the two rural communities, considering their motivations and recommendations.
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Craig, Rushing Stephanie Nicole. "Use of Media Technologies by Native American Teens and Young Adults: Evaluating their Utility for Designing Culturally-Appropriate Sexual Health Interventions Targeting Native Youth in the Pacific Northwest." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/24.
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American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth are disproportionally burdened by high rates of sexually transmitted infections and teen pregnancy, heightening their need for sexual health interventions that are aligned to their unique culture and social context. Media technologies, including the Internet, cell phones, and video games, offer new avenues for reaching adolescents on a wide range of sensitive health topics. While several studies have informed the development of technology-based interventions targeting mainstream youth, no such data have been reported for AI/AN youth. To fill this gap, I: a) quantified media technology use in a select group of AI/AN teens and young adults living in Pacific Northwest tribes and urban communities; b) identified patterns in their health information-seeking and media preferences; and c) worked with local tribes and partners to develop recommendations for designing culturally-appropriate technology-based interventions targeting Native adolescents. This research included: a) an anonymous, paper-based survey of over 400 AI/AN youths age 13-21 years; b) a systematic review of technology-based sexual health interventions; and c) a variety of community-based participatory research strategies to analyze findings, prioritize options, and generate recommendations for designing interventions that align with the culture, needs, and organizational capacities of the tribes in the Pacific Northwest. Technology use was exceptionally common and diverse among survey respondents, mirroring patterns reported by teens in the general population. Seventy-five percent of AI/AN youth reported using the Internet, 78% reported using cell phones, and 36% reported playing video games on a daily or weekly basis. Thirty-five percent reported that they would feel most comfortable getting sexual health information from the Internet, and 44% reported having done so in the past. Youth expressed interest in a wide array of interactive media features, and culturally-specific content that holistically encompassed their wide-ranging health interests and concerns. Tribal health educators expressed particular interest in adapting Internet-based skill-building modules and informational websites, and teens expressed interest in websites and videos. These findings are now being used by the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board to inform the development and adaptation of culturally-appropriate interventions targeting AI/AN youth in the Pacific Northwest.
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Viljoen, Janet Erica. "Strength training and cardiovascular risk post-menses, with particular emphasis on the plasma lipoproteins: a controlled trial." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013578.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease affects a greater proportion of females than it does males, and is responsible for an estimated 52 percent of female deaths per annum, globally. Due to the loss of oestrogen associated with the menopause, post-menopausal females are at elevated risk for hypercholesterolaemia which is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It has not yet been conclusively established whether resistance training can be used to ameliorate hypercholesterolaemia. Aim: This randomized controlled trial investigated what effect 12 weeks of progressive resistance training would have on plasma lipoproteins in a sample of post-menopausal females. Methods: Caucasian women (n=30 intervention and n=18 control) between the ages of 55 and 65 years who were not taking hormone replacement therapy were recruited. Participants did not smoke, were sedentary, were not taking any form of cholesterol-lowering medication, had at least one cholesterol abnormality at baseline but were otherwise healthy and able to participate in a strength training programme. Following extensive medical pre-screening, information dissemination and voluntary consent, the sample was divided into two groups. The exercise sample undertook 12 weeks of resistance training on five days of the week. The control group received no intervention. Measurements were obtained at baseline and every four weeks thereafter and included measures of strength, biochemistry (oestradiol, testosterone, full blood lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin and sex hormone binding globulin), anthropometry, morphology and self-reports (dietary intake, energy expenditure and the profile of mood states questionnaire). Results: There was no change to low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride content or total cholesterol as a result of the intervention. Back, chest and leg strength increased significantly (p<0.01) (increases of 51 percent, 35 percent and 43 percent respectively from baseline); waist circumference dropped (p<0.01) by 5 percent overall and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (-9 percent, p<0.01) in the exercise cohort but no change was noted in the matched control. Dietary intake, energy expenditure and body mass remained unchanged in both samples. Morphology (sum of skinfolds, estimated body fat content and girth measures) did not change and nor did other biochemical measures (HbA1c and sex hormone binding globulin) or hormone levels (oestradiol and testosterone). Despite the lack of overall change, an important finding was noted in individual results where a clear indication of ‘responders’ and ‘non-responders’ emerged. Conclusion: Overall mean results suggest that 12 weeks resistance training undertaken five days of the week was ineffective in reducing hypercholesterolaemia in this sample. Despite there being no identifying characteristics determined in this sample, evidence of responders and non-responders to the intervention indicates that reliance on mean data may not be sufficient when analysing data from exercise interventions. Therefore, while progressive resistance training had a positive effect on strength, waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure, it did not positively influence the plasma lipoproteins in this cohort of post-menopausal women.Maiden name: Kelly, Janet Erica
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Xiao, Sumei, and 肖蘇妹. "Genome-wide association study of bone mineral density in Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43703628.
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Rubino-Watkins, Maria Francesca. "Hormones, Distress, and Immune Functioning in Women." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277812/.
Full textAbstract:
The present study set out to investigate the biopsychosocial model of illness using variables previously identified as directly impacting illness or as mediating the relationship between other variables and illness. Oral contraceptive use, stress, and negative affect were investigated as predictors of immunological competence, measured by the level of Immunoglobulin G antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus Viral Capsid Antigen (EBV-VCA IgG).
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Huerta, Serina. "Evaluating Social Factors in Diabetes Management by Mexican American Ethnicity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33167/.
Full textAbstract:
Differences in Mexican American ethnicity, family and friend social support, and importance of diabetes self-management as related to diabetes management in the older adult population were evaluated with the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2003 Diabetes Study. Comparisons were made between Mexican Americans with Type II diabetes and similar non-Hispanic Caucasian and African American individuals with Type II diabetes. Neither family/friend social support nor importance of diabetes self-management were significant predictors of HbA1c levels. Results did not support the idea that perception of receiving support from family/friends or placing importance on diabetes self-management covaried with lower HbAlc level (family/friend: beta = -.13, t = -1.47, p = .143; self management: beta = .08, t = .55, p = .584).
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Hene, Nceba Mzimkulu. "Physical fitness of elite women's rugby union players over a competition season." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6193_1305016359.
Full textAbstract:
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the changes in physical fitness characteristics of elite women&rsquo
s rugby union players over the duration of the season. Thirty two elite female rugby players who were identified as members of the South African Rugby Union High Performance Squad were assessed on three separate occasions (pre-season, mid-season and post-season) throughout the competition season. The players were sub-divided into two positional categories consisting of 17 forwards and 15 backs. On all testing occasions, players underwent anthropometric (stature, body mass and sum of 7 skinfolds) and physical performance measurements (sit-and-reach, vertical jump, 10m and 40m speed, 1 RM bench press
pull-ups
1 min push-ups and multi-stage shuttle run test). A two&ndash
factor analysis of variance evaluated differences in the physical fitness variables between and within playing positions over the competition season.
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Feltrin, Rebeca Buzzo 1984. "Entre o campo e o laboratório : a construção da menopausa dentro de um hospital-escola brasileiro." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286853.
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Orientador: Lea Maria Leme Strini VelhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
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Resumo: O presente trabalho acompanha o processo de construção do conhecimento científico sobre o corpo da mulher na menopausa dentro de um hospital-escola brasileiro. As controvérsias em torno do tema e a maneira diferenciada em tratar ou sentir a menopausa entre culturas distintas sinalizam que o conceito de menopausa não é universal. Ao contrário, todo conhecimento produzido é localizado e traz as marcas de seu lugar de produção. Por esse motivo, acompanha-se um lugar de produção de conhecimento - o Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM) - amplamente reconhecido e responsável por direcionar políticas públicas na área de saúde da mulher no Brasil. Acompanham-se ainda os discursos que circulam no lugar, a divulgação do conhecimento produzido, a organização do espaço e objetos de maneira a dar suporte a esse discurso, bem como, o alistamento de diferentes atores para que o lugar e os conhecimentos ali produzidos alcancem credibilidade e "viajem" para além dos limites do hospital-escola, tornando-se universais. A padronização do lugar, espaços, protocolos e corpos garantem que a verdade produzida naquele ambiente particular possa ser verdade em qualquer lugar, em qualquer corpo. Nesse sentido, o Ambulatório de Menopausa do CAISM revela-se, ao mesmo tempo, como um vasto campo de pesquisa e como um laboratório no sentido Latouriano, na medida em que o atendimento às mulheres se tornava um espaço de ensino, pesquisa e interação entre os atores. A análise concentra-se na cena médica, local de encontro entre dois dos mais importantes atores envolvidos na construção desse conhecimento - o médico e a paciente. Não um simples médico, mas um médico aprendiz dentro do hospital-escola, que tenta ao mesmo tempo "ver" com os olhos de seu professor, conhecer a natureza, decifrá-la e traduzir esse discurso recém-descoberto. Essa tradução feita dentro do consultório tem a finalidade de alistar as mulheres para que aceitem o discurso como verdadeiro e permitam que o conhecimento finalmente se efetive através de seu corpo. Do outro lado, a paciente cumpre o papel que lhe cabe, disponibilizando seu corpo como objeto em favor das pesquisas, para que em troca continue sendo atendida em um centro de referência em saúde da mulher
Abstract: This paper accompanies the construction of scientific knowledge about the body of menopausal women in a Brazilian teaching hospital. The controversy surrounding the subject and the different ways in which menopause is treated or thought of in various cultures, indicate that the concept of menopause is not universal. On the contrary, all produced knowledge is local and bears the marks of their place of production. For this reason, a knowledge producing location was accompanied: the Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM, or the Comprehensive Healthcare for Women Centre), which is widely recognized and responsible for directing public policy in the area of women's health in Brazil. In addition, the discourse was accompanied that circulates in the location as well as the dissemination of produced knowledge, the organization of spaces and objects in order to support this discourse, and the recruitment of different actors who instill credibility to the location and the knowledge produced there and who make this discourse "travel" beyond the limits of the teaching hospital, making it universal. The standardization of the location, the spaces, protocols, and bodies ensures that the truth produced in that particular environment can become true anywhere, for anybody. In this sense, the Menopause Outpatient Facility at the CAISM proves to be a vast field of research and, at the same time, a laboratory in the Latourian sense, insofar as the care of women has become a space for teaching, research and interaction between actors. The analysis focuses on the medical scene, the meeting place between two of the most important actors involved in the building of knowledge - the doctor and patient. Not just a doctor, but a doctor-student in the teaching hospital, who tries to "see" through the eyes of his teacher, understand the nature, decipher it and translate this newly discovered discourse. This translation performed within the office aims to enlist women patients, so that they accept the discourse as true and allow that this knowledge finally takes effect through their body. On the other hand, the patient fulfills her assigned role, providing her body as an object for the benefit of research, so that in turn she will continue to be treated at a center that is a reference in women's health
Doutorado
Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica
Doutora em Política Científica e Tecnológica