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Pratt, Amy D. "Rural women and economic survival strategies in the former Bantustans a case study from the Northwest Province, South Africa /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=673.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 109 p. : ill., maps (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-107).
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Crittenden, Alyssa Noelani. "Allomaternal care and juvenile foraging among the Hadza implications for the evolution of cooperative breeding in humans /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3356207.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 2, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-138).
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Luk, Wing Yin. "Organization structure, discourse and women empowerment : a case study of a feminist cooperative in Kwun Tong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1088.
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Adinanon, Barnabé A. "Problèmes des groupements féminins dans le Département de l'Atlantique étude et approches de solution /." [Benin] : Université nationale du Bénin, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37709749.html.
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Ntsaluba, Joyce Thembela. "An assessment of rural women's co-operatives in the Tsojana Village as regards meeting the objectives of sustainable livelihood and socio-economic development." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018758.
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This thesis is based on an in-depth assessment of the three rural women co-operatives in the Tsojana village, within the Intsika Yethu Local Municipality, which is the largest and most rural municipality within the Chris Hani District Municipality. 95 percent of households in this municipality live in rural areas or villages (Integrated Development Plan (IDP), 2010-2011). Rural areas are characterised by high levels of poverty, deprivation, poor infrastructure, and poor linkages to markets. Rural women are the ones experiencing poverty at first hand due to the fact that they are less mobile; when food crisis hits, men tend to leave to look for work or income in towns/cities, while women stay behind to look after their families (Moyo-Mhlanga, 2001). In 1975, the World Bank addressed the question of how women can become effective in economic development, hence the establishment of Women in Development Projects to encourage them to be more involved in income-generating activities like rural projects, co-operatives (co-ops) and self-help groups. A co-operative is an autonomous association of people who join voluntarily to meet their socio-economic and cultural needs through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise (International Labour Organization (ILO), 2002). The United Nations (UN) recognized the contribution cooperatives can make to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) through productive employment, eradicating poverty, enhancing social integration and promoting the advancement of women. This research study was motivated by the fact that- there are various women development projects/co-operatives in Tsojana Administrative Area (A/A) which aim to improve the lives of the rural people for the better, but most of these co-ops are not sustainable and financially viable. Rural women have realized that in order to sustain development they have to integrate themselves into village development structures, as in various co-operatives, informal rural entrepreneurs and agricultural and non-farm income-generating activities. The study proposes to investigate the reasons for the failure of these co-ops to create sustainable rural livelihoods. The study further attempts to explore development strategies that will assist to transform and advance the co-ops towards sustainable development for all. It also aims to explore strategies that will alleviate poverty, create jobs, and address all factors of underdevelopment and deprivation. The overall methodological approach in this study is qualitative in nature, as it is based on the understanding of the situation from the participant‟s point of view, or perspective. It seeks to describe, investigate and explore aspects of development projects, and to also understand the aspects of socio-economic life of rural women. It combines three traditions of enquiry, i.e. case study, phenomenology, and ethnography. A non-probability type of sampling, in particular purposive sampling, was used for the study because the researcher‟s samples are based on her judgement. Interpretive research paradigm was used to allow the researcher to study meaningful social action, not just the external or observable behaviour of people, and various research tools were used to collect data. These co-operatives have been identified as struggling for survival, and lacking training, and material and financial resources. The co-operatives require support for expansion and modernizing their operations.
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Tame, Faith Jabulile Nomfundiso. "Women and co-operatives." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20615.
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In this study, “Women and Cooperatives”, the researcher was interested in finding out whether women cooperatives contributed towards development of women and poverty reduction in Sarah Baartman District Municipality between 2004 and 2014. The study was conducted with three cooperatives situated in Makana Local Municipality, Sarah Baartman District Municipality and Eastern Cape Province. The cooperatives studied focused on sewing, poultry and agriculture. The study was explorative in nature as it was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of women cooperatives in empowering women, the effectiveness of women cooperatives in reducing poverty and to make recommendations regarding what can be done to address the challenges identified in the study. The qualitative research method was applied when conducting this study. Eight respondents from each cooperative were willing to take part and this led to a total of twenty-four respondents who participated. The questions asked were based on the interview schedule developed by the researcher. The results of the study and the recommendations indicated that more commitment from the government is required and the following key aspects should be taken into account when considering a development program: Infrastructure, Availability of funding, Access to resources, Skills development, Provision of basic services.
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Netnou, Ntombomhlaba Salome. "Investigating informal savings as income generating and proverty alleviating tool in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1616.
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The study investigated the informal savings approach as an income-generating and poverty alleviation tool for women. The focus of the study is specifically in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The purpose of the study was to explore the reasons behind the involvement of women, in particular, to the use of informal savings as a tool for income generation and poverty alleviation. South Africa is characterised by inequitable growth and development, a high degree of poverty, increasing demands and limited resources. It is because of this backdrop that many women in poor communities, both rural and urban, devised brilliant plans to overcome this setback. Women, particularly African women, have for a long time been side-lined in economic decision making activities, both in their homes and elsewhere. For the purposes of this study, a mixed method research approach was employed, meaning that the study will follow both the qualitative and quantitative approaches. The respondents are a mixture of both literate and illiterate persons, and because of that, the researcher had to use both English and the home language of the respondents to explain the contents of the questionnaires and obtain the relevant information. The study identified the reasons that stokvels, which were believed to be popular in the past, and still are, because Black people in South Africa did not have access to formal financial institutions, remain popular long after the demise of apartheid. It is in the interest of the citizens of Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality to archive the financial activities of its inhabitants as this valuable information will be needed by future generations. This can be done by creating a website or adding a link to the existing ones where the information is readily available for the users. For future research purposes, stokvels in various parts of the Municipality and South Africa as a whole need to be studied in order to identify and compare to the available literature the general success factors.
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Sithole, Noluthando Victoria. "Gender and development: a study of the impact of selected cooperatives in the Eastern Cape Province." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/194.
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In 1994 South Africa took a new direction towards democratic governance. This led to a change of government principles and approaches in leading the country. The people became the centre of the country’s development, resulting in the adoption of people-centred development and people-driven strategies. A special focus highlighted women as in the category which had endured poverty the most in South Africa. The South African government, through its various departments, has a responsibility to improve the lives of South Africans, and the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Social Development is one of the departments which has committed itself towards changing the lives of women in the community. As a strategy to implement community development, the Provincial Department of Social Development is funding women cooperative programmes. Women cooperatives are a relatively new endeavour to address poverty within the democratic South Africa. The study supports the notion and attempts to show the impact that women have on community development. The researcher began studying the trends and realized that the funds allocated and the funding process of community development programmes by Provincial Department of Social Development is not working towards empowering communities. A purposive sampling method was used to select two women cooperative programmes in the Chris Hani District Municipality to explore the role of women in community development in the current context of democracy and social welfare transformation in South Africa; to explore the impact of gender through women cooperatives on community development and to explore strategies for the empowerment of women through community development intervention. The design of the study is qualitative, exploratory and descriptive in nature. The study also adapted evaluation and gender analysis methods to verify the effectiveness of women programmes. The study recommends that women be empowered with skills, knowledge, resources and opportunities to enable them to be more effective in community development.
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Mohammed, Elattag Mona I. "Women in contemporary Islamic societies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ47781.pdf.
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Frans, Nonyameko. "Investigating the prevailing knowledge about co-operatives in South Africa and the determinants of their success." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020206.
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The development of co-operatives has been increasingly seen, both globally and in developing countries, as a key strategy for a high economic growth rate, job creation and poverty alleviation. In trying to address these challenges, the South African government has been promoting co-operatives as an instrument for economic growth and socio-economic integration. Despite the realisation of the important role that cooperatives could play, not enough research has been done on the successes and failures of these organisations in achieving economic growth and socio-economic development in countries. The present study is an attempt to address this research gap. The primary objective of this study was to increase the success of co-operatives in South Africa by investigating the prevailing nature of operations of co-operatives and the determinants of the success of these organisations. More specifically, the study gathered qualitative information about co-operatives, identified which factors influence co-operatives in general and investigated which of these factors are the most important determinants of the success of these organisations in South Africa. A census was conducted of the 110 co-operatives registered in the database of the Leadership Academy (LA) of the NMMU Business School. Only 50 executive members of 26 co-operatives participated in the study (response rate of 23.6 percent). The empirical results revealed that the two most critical success factors for co-op success were the handling of finances and leadership; that language groups viewed coop success differently; and that females provide stronger leadership than males in cooperatives. The results also showed that skills development is an important factor in achieving these critical success factors. These results presented important managerial implications for the success of co-operatives.
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Bishwakarma, Man [Verfasser]. "Social Inclusion in Microfinance. Cooperative Societies / Man Bishwakarma." München : GRIN Verlag, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240675135/34.
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Weitzel, Jürgen. "Dinggenossenschaft und Recht Untersuchungen zum Rechtsverständnis im fränkisch-deutschen Mittelalter /." Köln : Böhlau, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13328477.html.
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Krumpelman-Farmer, Elaine L. "The investment horizon issue in user-owned organizations." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4162.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (May 10, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Remiker, Mark William. "Psychological dimensions of cooperative labor exchange in a rural Caribbean community." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/m_remiker_050510.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in anthropology)--Washington State University, May 2010.Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 12, 2010). "Department of Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-27).
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Waweru, Gabriel. "An assessment of the financial sustainability of savings and credit cooperative societies in Kenya." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28115.
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Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOs) are voluntary associations of people with the common goal of encouraging savings and granting credit to members as a means to their economic improvement. For a long period of time, SACCOs have been seen as a way of ensuring savings and investments, especially by the middle and lower economic classes. In Kenya, these institutions have managed to accumulate funds running into billions of shillings, and many members have benefited from them. However, in the last few years, many of these institutions have experienced serious financial challenges that have led to some of them winding up or becoming dormant, resulting in a loss of funds for members. The primary objective of this study was to determine the factors that influence the financial sustainability of SACCOs in Kenya. The study explored the influence of financial outreach, financial regulation, corporate governance, size and age on financial sustainability. A sample of 166 SACCOs was drawn for the study, and generalised least square technique was used to analyse the data. Empirical findings of the study reveal that financial outreach, as measured by the number of members, exerts a significant influence on financial sustainability. Similarly, financial regulation, SACCOs' governance, SACCOs' size and SACCOs' age were found to exert a significant influence on the financial sustainability of SACCOs. The study has contributed to theory by applying both monetary and non-monetary measures to profitability theory of financial sustainability. While contributing to empirics, the study has delineated the relationship between the study factors and their financial sustainability status (FSS), as well as documenting the FSS of SACCOs in Kenya. In terms of methodology, the study applied the GLS analysis technique. Finally, the study provides useful information to SACCO policy makers and opens avenues for future research, thus contributing to practice. The recommendations of the study provide insights into how to rescue ailing SACCOs in Kenya and ameliorate the existing situation.
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Onafowokan, Oluyombo. "The role of cooperative societies in rural finance : evidence from Ogun State, Nigeria." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/7990.
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The study assess the roles played by cooperative societies’ savings and loans services on members’ economic condition, standard of living and in meeting participants financial needs in rural locations where there is no bank nor other formal financial providers. Using a combination of interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire techniques, the study covers the activities of cooperative societies located in rural communities and villages outside the state capital and local government headquarters where there is no electricity, water and tarred road in Ogun State, Nigeria. From its findings, this study identified and discussed potential areas for the improvement of cooperative societies that could be of benefit to rural finance providers and the cooperative members. The study is the first empirical investigation in Nigeria that focuses on the relevance of cooperative societies on members’ standard of living in rural communities and villages. The study shed light on how rural communities function – how their relationships develop, how individual esteem is increased, how interdependence grows, how hierarchies are maintained – and how this is facilitated in part by the loan-making of members promoted cooperatives. It has also provided more evidence on the importance of land ownership, and how this is enhanced when rural communities have access to cheap and affordable loans. It has also provided insights into the development of rural businesses, how complex they are, and how they require more input than the financing received through cooperative loans. The study breaks new ground in informal cooperative functioning, community development and rural finance research by providing a distinction between standard of living and quality of life variables in measuring the economic condition of rural dwellers, and the production of circle of social capital theory that the role of cooperatives to the members involve financial capital, physical capital and social capital which are interrelated. This helps to appropriately identify the roles of cooperative societies in rural finance to increase in household income, ownership of household assets and acquisition of enterprise assets. However, participation in the cooperative does not lead to enterprise profitability, while rural financial needs are more accessible from cooperatives than other sources.
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Morrison, Shannon M. "Navigating Secret Societies: Black Women in the Commercial Airline Industry." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587030922882857.
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Appleby, Deborah Denise. "Perceptions of sororities among sorority women /." View online, 2007. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131451615.pdf.
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Schoening, Joel. "Democracy derailed : cooperative values confront market demands at a worker owned firm /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1335361171&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-206). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ramncwana, Zukiswa. "The role of cooperatives in local economic development and job creation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5919.
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This study concentrates on the role of cooperatives in Local Economic Development (LED) and the creation of sustainable jobs. In ascertaining this role, it was imperative that the study also examine the participant’s perceptions and attitudes as the drivers in attaining the sustainable livelihoods; where their desire, their beliefs and their perceived social norms are examined. In line with the examination of the participant’s perceptions and attitudes as the drivers in attaining the sustainable livelihoods, we have also identified the drivers or catalyst to really changing the behaviour and/or performance and really taking action. Motivation of this study is that the participants and LED officials will learn from the lessons that are identified. Lessons can be learned from our history in South Africa that through dedication and sustained motivation goals can be realised. Motivation and commitment are therefore important in strengthening the foundations of cooperative development towards job creation; where social capital is the driver of commitment and motivation and should be promoted as such. Through the cooperation that is inherent in cooperatives people pull together towards realising their dreams. The sustainable jobs are however not attainable at this stage of cooperative development but strong foundations are however being built to realise these goals in the near future. Unemployment is a big problem that policy makers are looking for solutions to, and hence the development of policy measures like the Cooperative Policy to address poverty through creation of cooperatives. These cooperatives collectively benefit the members and create a platform for mutual cooperation. Self-motivation and ‘Ubuntu’ need to be ingrained more in our culture and find a ‘new meaning’. There is a role for social capital and the unity that is within ‘Ubuntu’ to really be used as the undoubted asset that it is. Social capital can be seen as the driver of commitment and motivation. This can also be seen in the Mutual Incentives Theory’ (MIT) of motivations to participate developed by Birchall and Simmons, as meaningful participation can be motivated by three variables. These variables are shared goals, shared values and sense of community. These three variables are all integrated in social capital; where social capital could be seen as the common denominator. Such conclusions about the importance of social capital in driving meaningful participation in cooperatives should be widely acknowledged. The promotion of social capital in all its forms should be wide spread and it should form part of the basis for solutions to cooperative development.
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Ndawule, Luvuyo. "The sustainability of rural co-operatives within the Eastern Cape with reference to Mbhashe Local Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018555.
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Mbhashe Local Municipality is part of eight local municipalities that make up Amathole District Municipality. The study is conducted in Mbhashe local Municipality where two co-operatives have been sampled. The purpose of the study was to investigate the challenges faced by co-operatives in achieving its intended purpose (i.e. alleviating poverty, creating employment and generating income). It is the intention of the researcher to investigate the socio-economic role played by co-operatives in this afore mentioned local municipality. For the research to be able to examine and analyse the performance and challenges faced by co-operatives around Mbhashe certain key aspects were extensively taken into consideration. These aspects are co-operative leadership, management structures, external support from different stakeholders, like different government departments, communities where co-operatives are located, and the role of NGO’s. It was the intention of the researcher to analyse the type of support given by each of the above mentioned stakeholders. It was through the study that the research was able to deduce whether the support given by these various stakeholders was enough or not in ensuring viability and sustainability of co-operatives. In conducting the research a qualitative approach was used whereby various instruments were used to collect data. It was through the variety of instruments used that the researcher managed to capture the challenges faced by co-operatives. Apart from the challenges which were the main focus of the researcher, the findings also reveal that co-operatives play a vital role in socio-economic development. This is more evident in rural areas such as those at Mbhashe Local Municipality. There is undisputed evidence shown by co-operatives that community members do benefit from the produce created by co-operatives. If co-operatives can receive the type of support they deserve, poverty in rural areas can be put to absolute minimum.
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Purvis, Martin. "Nineteenth century co-operative retailing in England and Wales : a geographical approach." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1a79cd64-8d4e-42ed-89a3-79f822e3e3bd.
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The thesis reconstructs and analyses the changing geographical strength of co-operative retailing in England and Wales c.l820-1901. It charts the spatial and temporal distribution of all recorded society foundations during this period. From 1862 onwards the changing pattern of cooperative membership is presented. The distribution of society foundations by settlement size is investigated. The analysis of the pattern of co-operative growth - including the setbacks suffered as some societies failed to establish themselves permanently - draws ideas from and extends upon the existing literature on the geographical diffusion of innovations. The importance of the circulation of information - distinguishing basic awareness of the idea of co-operation and the practical knowledge necessary for its execution - is studied. This suggests the importance of printed sources in rapidly and widely extending awareness but their limitations in providing the knowledge necessary for practical operations. Factors deriving from the relative location of adopting centres and their access to information must be supplemented by consideration of the specific character of these places. In particular the significance of local conditions of retail trade is asserted together with the importance of wider social and economic circumstances as an influence on the potential for the development of collective working class initiative. Variations in the conditions of work and residence are examined as forces underlying the development attitudes amongst workers, the internal cohesion of the working class and its relationship with the middle and upper class establishment; all of which had a bearing on the extent to which co-operation was seen as a desirable and practical exercise within individual settlements.
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Loftsdóttir, Kristín. "Women in Pastoral Societies: Applying WID, Eco-feminist, and Postmodernist Perspectives." University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/110100.
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In recent decades, various perspectives have emerged that draw attention to the construction of gender and gender inequalities. This discussion examines
feminist perspectives in relation to development and development's effects on
women in pastoral societies. The article compares the Women in Development (WID), eco-feminist and postmodernist approaches to development and seeks to understand what kind of criticism these theoretical orientations can offer on pastoral development projects. I focus especially on the effects of development on women's bargaining power within the household, using data from my own fieldwork in Niger and records from other pastoral societies. My discussion shows that while WID criticizes the pastoral development as being gender-biased and reducing women's bargaining power within the household, the ecofeminist and postmodernist perspectives would question the development practice itself and attempt to deconstruct the dimensions of power within the field of development.
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Martin, Kirsty School of Sociology UNSW. "The state, local communities and women : a study of women???s organisations in Malang, East Java." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Sociology, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20637.
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This thesis is an ethnographic study of five women???s organisations in Malang, Indonesia. The contemporary significance of local women???s organisations in the lives of kampung women in Indonesia is revealed through an investigation of the relationship between the Indonesian state, local communities and women. This study sets contemporary women???s organisations in the context of their changing historical role and relationship with the state. Women???s organisations have been a part of the Indonesian political and social landscape since the early twentieth century. They played an important role in mobilising women during the struggle for independence. Under Sukarno???s policy of Guided Democracy, restrictions were placed on the political mobilising role of all organisations, including those for women. These restrictions were taken much further under Suharto???s New Order government when many were proscribed. Only state-approved and controlled organisations were accepted. The New Order era essentially undermined the credibility of women???s organisations as vehicles for promoting women???s interests, instead they were generally regarded as ???tools of the state???. Indonesianists and feminists have been especially critical of state-run women???s organisations arguing they have offered Indonesian women ???no path to female power???. This perception of state-sponsored women???s organisations has continued in the post-Suharto era even though their links to the state have changed radically. They now exist alongside a range of NGOs, religious and social women???s organisations. The crucial question that this thesis addresses is why these state-sponsored organisations continue to exist and what motivates women???s participation in these organisations? Through membership in local women???s organisations women enter into a complex relationship with the state, local society and the socio-religious and political institutions within the wider society. The membership status women enjoy provides them with opportunities to engage in a social bargain. Through this bargaining process, local women make social, religious, personal and romantic gains for themselves. The results of the social bargaining process depend largely on the particular organisation to which women belong but they remain strongly oriented towards their local kampung worlds. The thesis provides an alternative way of thinking about the complex role that women???s organisations play in Indonesian society and what function they may continue to have within Indonesia???s post-Suharto future.
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Gibson, Carol Jean. "Bernard Mandeville : the importance of women in the development of civil societies." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28227.
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This study examines a relatively unacknowledged feature of Bernard Mandeville's writing - his discussion of women and women's issues and the significance of this discussion to his larger thesis. The work is intended to demonstrate that the essential elements in Mandeville's developed thinking, fully argued by him in The Fable, were first discussed in his earlier reflections on women. By examining some of Mandeville's earlier, less well-known writing, in particular The Virgin Unmask'd and The Female Tatler, the study attempts to demonstrate that in them Mandeville lays out the essence of his argument, which is only later developed fully in The Fable of the Bees.
The study, by concentrating on the role of women in the civilizing process, is intended to bring to the fore a number of neglected features in Mandeville's writing. By closely scrutinizing Mandeville's theory of the psychological basis of all social relations, and the role of the passions, particularly pride, in the development of materially prosperous societies, the study attempts to demonstrate that the ideas and arguments that provoked Mandeville to develop his own comprehensive theory of the genesis and development of economically advanced societies were first articulated in the context of a discussion of female roles and feminine psychology. Further, that the formulation of Mandeville's ideas concerning the basis of society and social improvement did not originate as a ridicule of Richard Steele's priggish Squire Bickerstaff, his persona in The Tatler, as M.M. Goldsmith claims, but rather that these conceptions were present as early as The Virgin Unmask'd, written, it is argued, before Steele's Tatler was published. The Introduction surveys the current scholarship on Mandeville and his significance as a social and economic theorist, and reviews scholarly opinion about the motives which may have prompted him to develop his controversial theories. Chapter One discusses the elements and significance of Mandeville's social theory. The chapter begins with a review of Mandeville's life, sketches out the development of the ideas presented in his writing, the effects these ideas had on his contemporaries, and his importance within a broad range of speculation in the early eighteenth century about the impulses which propel individuals to seek private gain.
Because the passions, particularly pride, play a dominant role in Mandeville's theorizing, Chapter Two is an examination of Mandeville's theory of pride and its role in the civilizing process. Mandeville's intellectual predecessors and his place within a long line of moral argument concerning the role of the passions in the development of society are examined. The argument proper begins in Chapter Three with a discussion of the intellectual inheritance about women. Special attention is given to two elements of Mandeville's argument concerning the establishment of civil societies, the creation of chastity as a moral virtue and the development of marriage as a civil institution. Mandeville's own attitude towards women and his ideas concerning sexuality and marriage and the significance of both to his theorizing are reviewed at some length. The chapter concludes with an analysis of Mandeville's economic theory and the importance of women to it.
The conclusion reached is that Mandeville's speculations on women are an important, but neglected, feature of his social thinking, without which his Fable would not be the powerful book it is.Arts, Faculty of
History, Department of
Graduate
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Roberts, R., and Jane Swart. "Toward a co-operative way." [Publisher not indentified], 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75674.
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This publication is not intended to be a scientific study and in fact does not pretend to be as such. It merely poses various perspectives and issues that reflect on the development and growth of the co-operative movement. A great deal of information grows out of personal and other experiences that have been shared at various levels, both individual, group, workshop/conferences and visits of actual co-operatives at work. The main people who have shared these experiences have helped, in one way or another to shape this publication. To them, and they know who they are, a very warm and special word of thanks. A particular note of appreciation for Sonja Sleigh and the members of the Peace Centre, who spent many hours in the typesetting and actual compilation of the publication. It is hoped that at the end of the day, that the questions and issues posed in this publication will serve towards enriching the growth process; the growth toward a richer and more human society.
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Wade, Chris A. "Muslim women and women's organizations allies in the war of ideas." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FWade.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Robinson, Glenn E. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 24, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-88). Also available in print.
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Donovan, Jennifer. "The intellectual traditions of Australian feminism : women's clubs and societies, 1890-1920." Thesis, Faculty of Arts, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16478.
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Heron, Gavin Stewart. "Household, production and the organisation of cooperative labour in Shixini, Transkei." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007448.
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Incidences of cooperation in agricultural activity are widespread phenomena in low-income third world communities. Two forms of cooperative labour groupings are identified in Shixini, Transkei . These are the work party and the ploughing company. It is argued that different organisational principles operate in the different cooperative forms. Work parties are based on principles of neighbourhood whi Ie ploughing companies are organised around kinship relationships. Factors which determine the principle of organisation are social values; the wider South African economic system; ecology; reciprocity; the constitution and structure of the household; economic differentiation; and labour demand and supply. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. The first is an overview of the Shixini social, economic and political systems. This chapter discusses the influence of the wider South African politico-economic system on agricultural production; the Shixini!Transkei political context; kinship and its relation to social organisation; and the likely effects of an agricultural 'betterment' scheme on the area. The second chapter is an overview of agricultural production in Shixini. It is found that the most significant determinants of agricultural production is the structure and constitution of the household and the way in which stock is distributed in the community. The third and fourth chapters describe and analyse Xhosa work parties and ploughing companies . Argument is lead as to the reasons for the specific organisational principles operating in each case. The penultimate chapter is an analysis of sacred and secular ritual. It is argued that both ritual forms reveal cooperative principles of organisation. Secular ritual dramatises the organisation of work parties while sacred ritual dramatises kinship relationships and so, the organisation of ploughing companies.KMBT_363
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Rice-Snow, Jennifer L. "Embracing complexity : an analysis of gender status in South American societies." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1133727.
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This study analyzes the status of women and men in eight South American societies, as reported in ethnographies. It uses a multidimensional model of status, examined in two aspects (distribution of economic goods and child care), and compares women's and men's resulting status configurations within societies and among them. Overall, women's statuses are highest in the domestic domain and lowest in the political public area for both variables. Men have high statuses in all areas of distribution, especially the public. Women generally have less choice than men do in their participation in both variables. An important outcome of this study is a method for analyzing qualitative information in context, allowing the researcher to present analysis in as much context as is appropriate, then display the results in a comparable form. This thesis also includes status flexibility, an innovation which allows presentation of the range of statuses for women and men.Department of Anthropology
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Frei, Christina. "Gender, pedagogy, and literary societies : the education of women in Georg Philipp Harsdörffer's Frauenzimmer Gesprächspiele /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Horan, Marion. "Trafficking in danger working-class women and narratives of sexual danger in English and United States anti-prostitution campaigns, 1875-1914 /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
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Leung, Mei-yin, and 梁美賢. "The Chinese Women's Calligraphy and Painting Society: the first women's art society in modern China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628697.
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Woods, Holly Irene. "Amazons of the Ancient World: Women in Greek and Roman Societies as Seen in the Amazon Myth." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1716.
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The myth of the Amazons began in Ancient Greece. Renditions of the myth were found in art and literature of the Greeks and Romans in the ancient world. The image of the Amazons changed with the culture and ideology that discussed them. The Amazon myth reflected Greek and Roman views of women. Through looking closely at the three stages of the myth of the Amazons one can determine the myth strengthens the image of women that was held by men of the ancient world. The Amazons were connected with the heroes Heracles, Theseus, and Alexander the Great. Individual Amazons such as Antiope, Penthesilea, and Camilla were also dominant in the mythology of the Amazons. By completing a literary analysis of the myths of the Amazons beginning in the eighth century B.C. and through the fourth century A.D. one is able to see what was expected and deemed acceptable of women.
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卓素莧. "婦女、文化、發展與發展介入 : 貴州苗寨的婦女組織實踐的足跡和反思 = Women, culture, development and development intervention : practice and reflection on women's organization in Miao community in Guizhou, China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2005. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/650.
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O'Quinn, Caitlin. "Negotiating Security: Gender, Economics and Cooperative Institutions in Costa Rica." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23705.
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Costa Rica is heralded as a leader in social and environmental issues and an example of a successful development story. However, how does this singular narrative minimize the more complex lived experiences of people? I introduce nuances to the story of Costa Rica by centering the lived experiences of women, drawing on primary data from questionnaires and interviews, and situating my research within the long history of cooperatives in Costa Rica, to learn more about issues women face and opportunities these institutions may offer. When looking through the lens of everyday experiences, we see that despite the significant progress in creating a safe country for all, women still experience inequality, discrimination, and violence. My hope is by including women’s voices, we move beyond the “single story” toward a more nuanced understanding of multilayered lives of Costa Rican women and an appreciation for the opportunities they seek and create.
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Ammirato, Piero. "La Lega : the making of a successful network of co-operatives." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha519.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves [392]-427. Study of the Italian co-operative enterprises associated with La Lega Nazionale delle Cooperative e Mutue, with particular reference to those in the region of Emilia Romagna. Examines how these cooperatives have managed to flourish despite the poor survival record in other countries with a market economy.
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Sugathan, Manju. "Community development and empowerment of women in rural India through a recycle textile cooperative." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10646/.
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In the village of Vellanchery, Tamil Nadu state, India, the main source of income is through the weaving of traditional silk saris. This activity is completed by the males of the families. This is a domestic process carried out on handlooms using a warp of approximately twenty-one metres; from which, three six metre sari lengths are produced. This leaves close to three metres of remnant silk yarns on the warp beam. Past efforts to make use of these remnant yarns have been aimed at the production of fashion accessories, including items such as: bangles and necklaces, which crucially are of low value and only sold in the local market. As such, the production of these items from remnant yarns provide minimal economic empowerment of the women in the village, which is very much needed. The thesis investigates the development of a process of recycling hand spun knitting yarn using 30% of these silk remnants collected from handlooms blended with 70% scoured lamb’s wool. Alluring and unique yarn colours, that are non-repeatable, and have excellent handle and knit-ability can be produced. Notably, non-repeatable yarn colours make this product unsuitable for the mainstream fashion market, however bespoke designs are extremely desirable for craft hand knitters. The idea is to use hand spinning, which is a therapeutic craft, whereby the wheels employed could be housed in one building to enable women to form a cooperative system. The aim of the project is to create a framework for a sustainable cooperative model combining the socio-economic and political aspects for setting up a women’s cooperative, including the technology for production and a marketing strategy.
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Rofah, 1972. "A study of Aisyiyah : an Indonesian women's organization (1917-1998)." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33312.
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This thesis examines the social role of the Indonesian women's organization known as `Aisyiyah, the female wing of the reformist group the Muhammadiyah, founded in 1912. This is achieved by analyzing the development of the organization vis a vis other Muslim women's organizations. It looks at the activities of `Aisyiyah during the period extending from its birth in 1917 until the late New Order era of the 1990s, with close reference to other women's organizations.A comparison of the activities of `Aisyiyah with those of other women's organizations, and an analysis of the response of this organization towards such issues as polygamy, is also an important feature of this work. While there was much common purpose, still, inevitable differences in perspective, even disharmony developed between `Aisyiyah and other women's groups. This was due in many respects to its determination to maintain its identity as a Muslim women's organization, while it at the same time faced certain limitations by virtue of its being a part of the Muhammadiyah. In general, however, `Aisyiyah is no different from other women's organizations in Indonesia, all of which have tried to represent women's interests and have struggled for their enhancement, while at the same time being faced with the challenges posed by a constantly changing political situation.
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Martz-Ludwig, Denise Michele. "Evaluation of a peer leader eating disorders prevention program for college sororities /." This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-171547/.
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Franklin, Cortney Ann. "Sorority affiliation and rape-supportive environments the institutionalization of sexual assault victimization through vulnerability-enhancing attitudes and behaviors /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2008/C_Franklin_042408.pdf.
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Schmalzel, Patti Politte 1955. "PERCEPTION OF LEADERSHIP PURPOSES IN ARIZONA HOME ECONOMICS RELATED OCCUPATIONS STUDENT ORGANIZATION (HERO, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, COOPERATIVE)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275431.
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Beaumont, Caitriona. "Women and citizenship : a study of non-feminist women's societies and the women's movement in England, 1928-1950." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34736/.
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The decline of feminism in England during the 1930s and 1940s has been the subject of numerous historical investigations. Jane Lewis (1980), Olive Banks (1986), Johanna Alberti (1989) and Martin Pugh (1990), have all considered the activities of women's societies which demanded equal rights for women, including equal pay, equal opportunities and an equal moral standard for men and women. These studies suggest that the feminist movement, understood to represent political feminist groups, was unable to capitalise on the triumph of the suffrage campaign. Although legislation enacted during the 1920s did improve the position of women in society, it was clear by the 1930s that the struggle for women's equality was far from over. As a result, the 1930s and 1940s have often been characterised as a period which witnessed one of feminism's deepest troughs, the era as a whole assumed as having an "anti-progressive and reactionary character".
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Chowdhury, Tasneem A. 1954. "Segregation of women in Islamic societies of South Asia and its reflection in rural housing : case study in Bangladesh." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61318.
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In Islamic societies, religion plays a significant role in shaping the home and the environment. An important feature of the Islamic culture is the segregation of women from males other than next of kin. This aspect has given rise to the separation of domains for men and women, both in the home and the neighbourhood. And this duality of space in turn reinforces the seclusion and segregation of women.This thesis studies this phenomenon in rural settlements in South Asia in regions where Muslims predominate and also in non-Muslim areas influenced by centuries of Muslim rule. The living patterns of rural women and how they use and perceive their local space formed the focus of the study.
A field study was undertaken in a rural community in Bangladesh. Gender segregation norms and the resulting spatial organization of dwellings of different socio-economic groups were studied and compared. An important premise of the study is how the poor manage to integrate their faith and Islamic customs in their living environment.
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Omenukor, Vernantius Igboeruche. "A study of the evolution of the politics of African women in the traditional and modern period the case of Ashanti (matrilineal) and Ibo (patrilineal) societies /." Hamburg : [Universität Hamburg?], 1989. http://books.google.com/books?id=cAhyAAAAMAAJ.
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Patrocinio, Wanda Pereira. "Cooperativas populares : representações sociais, trabalho e envelhecimento." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252504.
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Orientador: Maria da Gloria Marcondes GohnDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T04:27:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patrocinio_WandaPereira_M.pdf: 661315 bytes, checksum: 7b70b5a5314afcfb0b62a6a355a696de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: A presente pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo desvelar a realidade de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos em cooperativas populares localizadas na cidade de Campinas, SP; além de realizar uma reflexão sobre a questão do envelhecimento no mundo do trabalho e da produtividade. A metodologia utilizada apoiou-se em uma abordagem quantitativa ¿ qualitativa.Tratou-se, num primeiro momento, de realizar um mapeamento socioeconômico destes trabalhadores; para tanto, realizamos um levantamento quantitativo de cada cooperativa em estudo. A segunda parte correspondeu em identificar quais as representações sociais que essas pessoas tinham delas ¿ como trabalhadores e trabalhadoras que estão envelhecendo dentro das cooperativas populares ¿ e do próprio trabalho dentro do ambiente cooperativo, conseqüentemente, identificamos os anseios e necessidades que levam tais participantes a buscar o trabalho neste sistema alternativo de produção. Os resultados nos permitem analisar a realidade em que vivem os participantes das cooperativas populares estudadas. Na investigação sobre as representações sociais, realizamos um estudo comparativo entre uma cooperativa de reciclagem de entulhos, que não exige qualquer tipo de escolaridade e uma cooperativa de costura, com mulheres de nível escolar mais elevado. Percebemos que as categorias de análise ramo de produção, escolaridade e gênero são extremamente relevantes para demarcarmos as diferenças nas representações sociais encontradas. De modo geral, a velhice é valorizada por seus aspectos físicos e de perda da saúde, mas que na prática pode ser amenizado pela idéia de continuar sendo produtivo por meio do trabalho
Abstract: Disclosing the reality of male and female workers, aged 50+, in people¿s cooperatives located in the city of Campinas, SP; this was the object of study of this research; besides a reflection on aging in the work and productivity world. The methodology used is based on a quantitative-qualitative approach. In the first moment a socio-economical mapping of the workers was developed; therefore, we had a gathering of data of every cooperative in the study (quantitative). In a second moment, we identified the social representations which these people had of themselves ¿ as workers who are getting older in the people¿s cooperative ¿ and of the own work in cooperative environment, and as a result, we identified the wishes and needs which make such participants to search for work in this alternative system of production. The results allow us to analyze the reality where the participants of the studied people¿s cooperatives live. In the research of social representations, we developed a comparative study between a refuse material recycling cooperative, which does not require any schooling type, and a sewing cooperative, with women with higher level of schooling. We noticed that in the analysed categories in production field, schooling and gender are extremely relevant to define the differences in the social representations found. In a general way, the aging is valorized by its physical aspects and health loss, but in reality it can be softened by the idea of continuing being productive through the work
Mestrado
Gerontologia
Mestre em Gerontologia
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Edwards, Meghan E. "Crafting culture artisan cooperatives in Oaxaca, Mexico /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1464881.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 2, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 106-109).
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Green, John J. "Community-based cooperatives and networks : participatory social movement assessment of four organizations /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060099.
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Mapis, Gachomo Joanne. "The Dietary Decision-Making Process of Women in Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7696.
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Nigerians have been opting for a more processed Western diet. These changes in dietary choices have aligned with obesity and undernutrition, attributable to micronutrient deficiencies or malnutrition. Many scholars have presented varying intervention strategies ranging from consumption of a variety of foods containing the necessary micronutrients to food fortification. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to explore the perceptions of women in an urban city in Nigeria on indigenous foods and Western dietary influences to determine social interactions, the consequence of the interactions, and the women’s current perceptions of food choices. The social-ecological model was used to explore the interaction between a woman and her environment. Women between the ages of 20 to 30 from the urban city of Jos, Nigeria, constituted the population of interest, and 12 women were chosen for the sample. From the in-depth interviews, a thematic analysis was employed to provide sociocontextual reasoning for changes in diet that have led to the loss of interest in traditional foods and cultures. This study found that Jos has a variety of foods, yet women choose the same staple foods to feed their families. Additionally, despite a marginal understanding of the health impact of diet, most women choose the convenience and palatability of Western options, citing cost as the rationale for choosing to cook staple Western-inspired meals at home. Understanding media, convenience, and cost can impact social change by enlightening communities on the interconnectedness of human health, cultures, and industrialization. Health care providers can monitor the outcomes of those who consume a variety of indigenous foods to see how such a practice could influence the overall health status of Nigerian families.
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L'Heureux, Marie Alice. "The ideology of gender and community : housing the woman-led family." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69708.
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Housing typologies based on the traditional family no longer satisfy the needs of the majority of households. Woman-led families are impeded in their search for appropriate housing by their low wages and family responsibilities, compounded by the blindness of housing-policy makers to their existence. Historical models of collective dwellings are steeped in the ideology of the period and yield few direct practical solutions to the current dilemma. The richness of this housing, however, which evolved during a time of dramatic social change underscores the blandness of current housing solutions. Feminists insist that housing and urban design solutions should challenge the gender defined roles of "homemaker" and "childcare giver" and the restricted mobility of women in cities and suburbs. The endorsement of new housing typologies must be translated into their realisation and subsequent analysis.