Relevant bibliographies by topics / Women in economic development – Zimbabwe

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Women in economic development – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Women in economic development – Zimbabwe"

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Ndlovu, Vezumuzi, Valentine Ndhlovu, and Moreblessing Mpofu. "“Against All Odds”. Female Small Scale Mine Owners in Gwanda, Zimbabwe." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n1p139.

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Historically, the mining sector has been a preserve of males, making it a highly male dominated environment which had very few women. Even in contemporary periods, the mining sector is still largely viewed as a gender “blind” sector to a larger extent. The study sought to explore the challenges faced by female small scale mine owners and how they have managed to survive in the harsh mining environment in which they operate. Study results indicate female mine owners face daunting challenges such as lack of financial capital and high costs associated with mining activities, lack of equipment, lack of technical knowledge of mining, as well as legal and policy constraints. Regardless of these challenges these mining start-ups by women have managed to survive and even grow in the harsh economic and political environment in Zimbabwe. The study concluded that challenges faced by female mine owners can be traced to gender disparity whose genesis is the patriarchal nature of Zimbabwean society and the untenable economic and political climate that has been in existence in Zimbabwe since the year 2000. Given a conducive socio-political and economic environment as well as a permitting legal and policy framework, women entrepreneurs can play a significant role in the economic transformation of the country.
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Lettiah Gumbo, Precious Dube, and Muhammad Ridwan. "Empowering Women through Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe Is the Gender Gap Not Encroaching This Noble Cause?" Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/konfrontasi2.v8i1.141.

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One of the most effective catalysts of economic growth of any nation is obviously financial inclusion. However, in developing countries such as Zimbabwe gender gap is still an impediment to the achievement of financial inclusion for all. Research findings for this paper show that, increasing women’s financial opportunities and financial awareness on how to access financial products and services will go a long way in reducing the gender gap. Furthermore, increasing access to and use of quality financial products and services is essential to inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction. Although the government of Zimbabwe is taking steps to increase women financial inclusiveness, research shows that women in Zimbabwe trail behind men in as far as access to financial services is concerned. Zimbabwean communities remain dominantly patriarchal and women are always lagging behind in developmental projects meant for their empowerment. This paper seeks to assess the implementation of women’s financial inclusion highlighting opportunities and barriers such as the gender gap and how this may be overcome. The study is qualitative in nature and therefore makes use of interviews and questionnaires for data collection. It is envisioned by the researchers that the research findings will be beneficial to women; their empowerment and development and national development. It is hoped to change the way in which the banking and financial sectors deal with women’s financial inclusion for the betterment of their livelihoods. Furthermore, women’s financial empowerment will improve livelihoods of many families given the caring nature of mothers, sisters, aunts and grandmothers.
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Mubaya, C. P., Paramu L. Mafongoya, and Jiri Obert. "Contextualizing gender in climate change adaptation in semi-arid Zimbabwe." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 9, no. 4 (August 21, 2017): 488–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-07-2016-0095.

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Purpose Climate change impacts tend to coalesce with everyday vulnerability and affect different socio-economic groups in different ways. In this regard, this study aims to contribute to studies that make gender critical to understanding the way that climate change is experienced. Socially constructed gender differences have a bearing on the extent of exposure to climatic shocks, leading to various patterns of vulnerability to these shocks. Design/methodology/approach This study uses both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to collect data. Findings The study finds that there is an inherent potential within the study area for equal opportunities for both men and women to address levels of vulnerability to climatic shocks and, by implication, potential to challenge patriarchal structures that tend to characterize these study areas. The contextualization of gender analysis remains elusive in the face of increasingly shifting gender roles that traditionally defined women as victims to everyday vulnerability and more recently in conjunction with climatic shocks. Originality/value In this regard, this research contributes to emerging perspectives on the potential role of ‘woman as heroine’ and challenges the perception of ‘woman as victim’ in environmental management. Considerations for mainstreaming adaptation responses to climate change do not necessarily have to consider women as a special social group in isolation but, rather, implications for both men and women and caution that embeddedness remains key for gender considerations in any rural context.
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Matsungo, Tonderayi Mathew, and Prosper Chopera. "Nutrition in contemporary Zimbabwe: a situational analysis." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 4, no. 9 (November 23, 2020): S25—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.4.9.s25-s35.

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Background: Malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a global public health challenge affecting mostly women and children in Africa. The socioeconomic consequences of poor nutrition are far-reaching and cross-generational. Objective: To provide an update on the nutrition situation in Zimbabwe in the context of the United Nations 2030 sustainable development agenda. Key findings: In Zimbabwe, the leading nutrition problems include high levels of childhood stunting, micronutrient deficiencies (Vitamin A, Iron, Zinc, and Selenium) affecting mostly children younger than 5 years and women aged 15-49 years. This paper presents evidence on the emergence of obesity and associated complications like diabetes, hypertension, and several cancers in addition to the traditional problem of undernutrition burden “multiple burden of malnutrition”. These nutrition challenges can be attributed to poor breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, the low dietary diversity affecting mostly rural households and nutrition transition. Cultural and religious beliefs are barriers to the adoption of appropriate breastfeeding and IYCF practices. Conclusion: The multiple burden of malnutrition exists in Zimbabwe. Although there is political, commitment and multisectoral initiatives to address malnutrition and food insecurity, the declining socio-economic situation and the COVID-19 associated restrictions are worsening the situation and poor households are getting more vulnerable. Considering that Zimbabwe’s economy is agriculture-based there is a need to put emphasis on promoting nutrition-sensitive agriculture initiatives and urgently implement the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) to propel the adoption of healthy lifestyles and dietary behaviors. Keywords: Stunting, Breastfeeding, IYCF, Micronutrient deficiency, SDGs, COVID-19, Zimbabwe.
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Matsungo, Tonderayi Mathew, and Prosper Chopera. "Nutrition in contemporary Zimbabwe: a situational analysis." Special Issue July-December 2020 04, no. 09 (November 23, 2020): S25—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.4.09.s25-s35.

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Background: Malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a global public health challenge affecting mostly women and children in Africa. The socioeconomic consequences of poor nutrition are far-reaching and cross-generational. Objective: To provide an update on the nutrition situation in Zimbabwe in the context of the United Nations 2030 sustainable development agenda. Key findings: In Zimbabwe, the leading nutrition problems include high levels of childhood stunting, micronutrient deficiencies (Vitamin A, Iron, Zinc, and Selenium) affecting mostly children younger than 5 years and women aged 15-49 years. This paper presents evidence on the emergence of obesity and associated complications like diabetes, hypertension, and several cancers in addition to the traditional problem of undernutrition burden “multiple burden of malnutrition”. These nutrition challenges can be attributed to poor breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, the low dietary diversity affecting mostly rural households and nutrition transition. Cultural and religious beliefs are barriers to the adoption of appropriate breastfeeding and IYCF practices. Conclusion: The multiple burden of malnutrition exists in Zimbabwe. Although there is political, commitment and multisectoral initiatives to address malnutrition and food insecurity, the declining socio-economic situation and the COVID-19 associated restrictions are worsening the situation and poor households are getting more vulnerable. Considering that Zimbabwe’s economy is agriculture-based there is a need to put emphasis on promoting nutrition-sensitive agriculture initiatives and urgently implement the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) to propel the adoption of healthy lifestyles and dietary behaviors. Keywords: Stunting, Breastfeeding, IYCF, Micronutrient deficiency, SDGs, COVID-19, Zimbabwe.
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Mbulayi, Shingirai P., Abigail Makuyana, and Simon M. Kang’ethe. "Psychosocial Impacts of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic in Zimbabwe: Citizens’ Perspective." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 19, no. 5-6 (February 4, 2021): 565–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341571.

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Abstract The outbreak of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic altered the social, economic, and public health landscape across the world, and unleashed a plethora of negative psychosocial impacts on society. This qualitative study used an online based case study design to explore the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 among a few selected citizens of Zimbabwe. The study was conceptualized around an orienting question stated as: What are the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe? Participants for the study were purposively selected, and data was collected through in-depth interviews, which were hosted online. The study returned findings that the COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe was concomitant with a range of psychosocial impacts including inter alia, exposure of people to mental health problems such as severe distress, phobias, anxiety, development of psychosomatic symptoms, as well as increase in social ills such as poverty, and domestic and sexual violence perpetrated against women and children.
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Nhuta, Stephen, and Ellen Mukumba. "Empowerment of Zimbabwean Women through Entrepreneurship an Economic and Social Perspective." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 7, no. 3 (June 23, 2017): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v7.n3.p1.

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<div><p><em>The objectives of the study were to<ins cite="mailto:usr" datetime="2017-03-14T09:40"> </ins>identify socio-economic characteristics of female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe and to ascertain the relationship between women empowerment in entrepreneurship and economic/social development. The research looked at economic and social independent variables that affect women empowerment in entrepreneurship. Literature covered but not limited to, power in households, decision making, ownership of property, access to capital, networking and freedom of movement. This study adopted a mixed research methodology that combined the positivism and the interpretivism paradigms. With regard to this study, the target population was the female entrepreneurs in Harare, Zimbabwe. </em><em>Non-probability was chosen as the sampling technique for this study because it is quicker, easier and cheaper. Convenience and judgmental sampling techniques shall were employed. The questionnaire was used to collect primary data for this study.</em><em>The study revealed that married female entrepreneurs continue to be absent from the household decision-making that shapes the allocation of the economic and financial resources, which further perpetuates gender inequality. The study also confirmed that education and training as well as previous work experience are important success characteristics for empowerment, required by emerging female entrepreneurs as they start and grow their business. The study also confirmed that the lack of access to capital exacerbated by lack of collateral and high interest rates is one of the major deterrents for empowering women through entrepreneurship. Recommendations include coalition among female entrepreneurs, mentoring schemes and changing entrenched patriarchal cultural norms.</em></p></div>
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Monga, Monica, Munyaradzi A. Dzvimbo, and Tinashe M. Mashizha. "The Dynamics of Gender: A Grassroots Perspective on Economic Resilience and Empowerment of the Tonga People in Kariba." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i4.565.

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This paper examines the dynamics of gender-differentiated effects of economic resilience on rural livelihoods and infrastructure improvements of the Tonga people who predominantly resides in North Western Zimbabwe. The paper interrogates men and women’s empowerment as well as their roles of transforming their lives through engaging in various economic activities and infrastructural development in Mola, Nyaminyami District, Zimbabwe. This study uses a qualitative research approach which is backed by both primary and secondary data collection methods which are underpinned by mixed methods approach involving observation, focus group discussions with community members and in-depth interviews with community leaders and key stakeholders. The study proffers that while economic resilience affects both men and women, it disproportionately affects the amount of work women have to do which has a profound bearing on their ability to innovate and transform their obsolete infrastructure at their disposal. Hence, the study recommends ways to foreground gender mainstreaming in order to address emerging gender related challenges emanating from stereotyping and prejudice, stakeholder engagement and partnerships in revamping existing infrastructure.
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Chamlee‐Wright, Emily. "Savings and Accumulation Strategies of Urban Market Women in Harare, Zimbabwe." Economic Development and Cultural Change 50, no. 4 (July 2002): 979–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/343134.

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Barugahara, Florence. "Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe: Determinants, Challenges, and Opportunities." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 3 (February 4, 2021): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n3p261.

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Financial inclusion is a highly topical issue for policymakers since inclusive finance is viewed as a channel of social and economic development. Therefore, this paper seeks to ascertain and examine the determinants, challenges, and opportunities for financial inclusion in Zimbabwe. The research is done by examining existing literature and estimating Logit and Probit models. This paper finds that, the major determinants of financial inclusion in Zimbabwe are; gender, age, education, income levels, employment status, the cost of financial services, account opening requirements, and level of trust in the financial system. Challenges to financial inclusion in Zimbabwe include; financial illiteracy, lack of formal identification documents, lack of trust in the financial system, fragile economy, rural poor and gender inequality, and high transaction costs of financial services. However, mobile money services such as Eco-cash, Tel-cash, and One-money have proved an opportunity for inclusive finance in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, the establishment of the women’s Bank of Zimbabwe is one of the strategies to enhance inclusive finance for women in Zimbabwe. The simplified KYC requirements for low-income groups and the financial inclusion strategy commissioned by the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe are hoped to promote financial inclusion. This paper recommended that to make finance inclusive, the government should develop policies that target marginalized groups such as the elderly, rural population, low-income earners, females, and the unemployed. The government should also develop a strong consumer protection regulatory framework, promote financial literacy, reduce the transaction cost of financial services and encourage the use of accounts with simplified KYC requirements to ease documentation needs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women in economic development – Zimbabwe"

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Hamunakwadi, Purity. "Successes and challenges of women's income generating projects in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6810.

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Women’s income-generating projects are regarded as a critical area in promoting sustainable livelihoods in the lives of the poor. This study centres on a cattle project in Sadomba village in Nyanga District, Zimbabwe. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and contributions of income-generating projects with regard to women; the necessary conditions for a successful cattle production project; the major challenges in women’s income-generating projects, and how income-generating projects can be strengthened, all in relation to this cattle project.The study is underpinned by the sustainable livelihood approach and literature on micro-financing of women’s projects in various countries. The study is based on qualitative methodology using a case study design and methods of data collection included semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation. The data was analysed using thematic analysis and sub-themes that arose in the study and thereafter all the data was grouped by a process of coding. The results indicated that the Sadomba cattle project has benefited the project members in terms of income generation by the selling of cattle and milk, for agricultural purposes (draught power) and also income they obtained from hiring their cattle to other community members in rainy seasons. The income generated has assisted them to send their children to school and attain higher education.In addition, it promotes community engagement when they share paddocks and dip tanks. However, despite these benefits, they face a number of challenges such as long distances to the market, a lack of microcredit and the unavailability of exotic breeds. Therefore, there is need to integrate the conditions that are necessary for successful income generating projects to the Sadomba cattle project.
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Zulu, Lilly Tendai. "Female education breaks the cycle of poverty : a case study of Chikomba rural district, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018691.

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The research which forms the basis of this thesis describes rural women’s perceptions of how Camfed education and skills development programmes have improved their lives in the Chikomba rural district in Chivhu, Zimbabwe. The researcher was motivated to carry out this study mainly due to the fact that in most rural societies in Zimbabwe, women are found suffering from social, cultural and political biases in the traditional male dominated society of Zimbabwe. Compared to their male counterparts, women have limited access to educational and employment opportunities and also have less social and political power than men. Being heads of households, women have to carry out the full traditional roles with the added responsibility of household and production management. The purpose of this study was to inform those investing and interested in women’s education about whether, how and the conditions under which women’s education directly improves women’s own lives and decreases poverty in the family and society. Camfed is an organization that advocates for female education particularly in the marginalized and poor parts of the country where poverty remains a barrier to girl’s education. It provides financial resources and establishes innovative education and training programs in order to break the poverty cycle in rural communities and empower women. A quantitative approach was employed in this study using a descriptive survey design, with the emphasis on collecting primary data from the research participants as well as consulting secondary data sources such as books, academic journals, completed and unpublished post-graduate research dissertations and theses. Findings of this study revealed that financial constraints, early marriage, proximity to school, death of parents as well as domestic chores were factors identified by the women that prevented them from completing school and pursuing further studies. The women also describe their perceptions of how education has led to better opportunities and an improved standard of living as they can now afford the basic goods and services. Moreover the participants mentioned how education has provided them with the basic skills to pursue a livelihood which will enable them to enjoy a decent standard of living. The research also found that education is an important determinant of women’s decision making in terms of finances and thereby improves their sense of empowerment. The women talked extensively about how education has raised their self-esteem and how it has enhanced their economic and social independence. At the end of the study and using the acquired information, several recommendations are made for the expansion and increase of programmes that offer incentives to keep girls in school, especially at secondary level where returns for girls are substantially greater in-terms of reducing poverty and improving the wellbeing of individuals.
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Kapungu, Sheila T. "A study of rural women farmers' access to markets in Chirumanzu." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80238.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigated the issues that rural smallholder women face in accessing markets in developing countries. Market access for rural smallholder farmers is increasingly being promoted as a means towards catalysing sustainable rural development. However, without addressing the gender specific issues that rural smallholder women farmers face in accessing markets, market access as a strategy towards sustainable rural development may fail to achieve its ends. This thesis gathered evidence from a group of smallholder women farmers in Chirumanzu, Zimbabwe, who are part of a market access project run by Oxfam, in order to highlight the issues that they face in accessing markets for their produce. Primary and secondary data were used in the study. First, a literature review was conducted to assess the issues that smallholder rural women farmers in developing countries face in accessing markets and how the issues differ to those faced by male smallholder farmers. A thematic assessment of the issues was conducted, beginning with the production for market through to the actual market engagement. Secondly, primary data was collected in Chirumanzu, from rural smallholder women farmers who are participating in a market access project being facilitated by Oxfam. Data was collected through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and document review. Five focus group discussions were held with a total of 40 participants in August 2011. Some of the key findings were that rural smallholder women farmers face challenges in terms of meeting the labour demanded for market production, accessing market information and having to contend with high transport costs. The data was then compared with the points raised in the literature review. The comparison showed that most of the key issues raised in the Chirumanzu case study were similar to those identified in the literature review. The study came to the conclusion that rural smallholder women farmers face different issues and more challenges in accessing markets compared to male farmers. Market access initiatives that do not recognise and address the gender specific challenges that women smallholder farmers face may therefore not be catalysts for sustainable rural development. Therefore recommendations are that market access initiatives should go beyond facilitating access to markets to address the structural social, economic and cultural issues that present special challenges and constraints to women smallholder farmers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis het ondersoek ingestel na die kwessies waarvoor landelike vrouekleinboere in ontwikkelende lande te staan kom om toegang tot markte te verkry. Marktoegang vir landelike kleinboere word toenemend aangemoedig as ’n manier om volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling teweeg te bring. Indien die geslagspesifieke kwessies van marktoegang waarmee landelike vrouekleinboere te kampe het egter nié hanteer word nie, kan marktoegang as strategie vir volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling in gebreke bly om sy doel te bereik. Hierdie tesis het bewyse ingesamel van ’n groep vrouekleinboere in Chirumanzu, Zimbabwe, wat deel is van ’n marktoegangsprojek deur Oxfam, ten einde die soeklig te werp op die uitdagings wat hulle ervaar om marktoegang vir hul produkte te bekom. Die studie het van primêre sowel as sekondêre data gebruik gemaak. Eerstens is ’n literatuuroorsig onderneem om te verken watter probleme landelike vrouekleinboere in ontwikkelende lande ondervind om marktoegang te verkry, en hoe dit verskil van die uitdagings waarvoor hul manlike eweknieë te staan kom. Die kwessies is tematies beoordeel en het gestrek van markgerigte produksie tot en met werklike markskakeling. Tweedens is primêre data ingesamel onder landelike vrouekleinboere in Chirumanzu wat aan ’n marktoegangsprojek deur Oxfam deelneem. Data is deur middel van fokusgroepbesprekings, onderhoude met sleutelinformante sowel as ’n dokumentoorsig bekom. Vyf fokusgroepbesprekings is in Augustus 2011 met altesaam 40 deelnemers gehou. Van die belangrikste bevindinge was dat landelike vrouekleinboere bepaald uitdagings ervaar wat betref die vereiste arbeid vir markgerigte produksie, toegang tot markinligting sowel as hoë vervoerkoste. Daarná is die data met die hoofpunte uit die literatuuroorsig vergelyk. Die vergelyking toon dat die meeste van die kernbevindinge in die Chirumanzu-gevallestudie met die bevindinge in die literatuuroorsig ooreenstem. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat landelike vrouekleinboere voor andersoortige kwessies en meer uitdagings as hul manlike eweknieë te staan kom ten einde marktoegang te verkry. Marktoegangsinisiatiewe wat nié hierdie geslagspesifieke uitdagings van vrouekleinboere erken en hanteer nie, kan dus in gebreke bly om waarlik volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling teweeg te bring. Daarom beveel die studie aan dat marktoegangsinisiatiewe oor méér as die blote fasilitering van marktoegang handel, en ook aandag skenk aan die strukturele maatskaplike, ekonomiese en kulturele kwessies wat besondere uitdagings en beperkings vir vrouekleinboere inhou
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Zanamwe, Lazarus. "Population change and socio-economic development in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/457/.

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It is a commonly held theory that population is related to levels of social and economic development within a given country or society. The work of Becker in the early 1960s gave much impetus to studies of the relationship between fertility, mortality and migration, on the one hand and their determinants, on the other. The determinants were seen as the social, economic, political and cultural settings of the countries or socities under study. The thesis attempts to apply this theory in relation to the demographic development of Zimbabwe. The thesis postulates that socio-economic differentials within Zimbabwe are sufficiently pronounced as to begin to affect the demographic structure of the country. It is with this in mind that three objectives are set for the thesis: a) the exploration of the demographic structure of the population of Zimbabwe, as a means of furthering the understanding of the nature of the demographic development of the country; b) the development and utilization of data estimation techniques as a means of overcoming the deficiencies in the data collected from official sources; and, c) the investigation of the link between population change, on the one hand, with social and economic development on the other. The hypothesis proceeds through the examination of such social and economic variables as income, education, health and other social indicators in relation to fertility, migration and mortality. Due to the inadequacy of data on the demographic variables, the thesis estimates such data using the recognized relationships among the demographic variables. The estimated demographic measures are subjected to correlation and regression analysis after the development structure of the country has been explored through factor and cluster analysis. Three geographical scales are used in the analyses viz. the province, the district and the local authority area. Use of the three geographical scales exposes the dangers of extrapolating and generalizing national patterns of demographic, social and economic development to the levels of the district and the local authority, as well as exposing different features of the development profile of the country of Zimbabwe. The thesis concludes that there is a differentiation in the demographic profile of the various geographical regions of the country, based on inequitable distribution of resources in the past when the country was under white settler colonial rule. The advent of independence and the introduction of policies designed to reduce such inequalities had not had time to work by the time the 1982 Census, from whose data the study is based, was taken. The thesis therefore recommends that further censuses are required if the effect of such policies are to be measured. It further recommends the use of cross-temporal instead of the cross-sectional data which was applied in this study.
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Nyathi, Trezah. "An analysis of the implementation of the Indigenization Economic Empowerment Policy in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2900.

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The anchor of this research was to analyze the implementation process of Zimbabwe’s IEEP. Implementation of policy has been the Achilles heel of most African countries it has been proven that it is a disease of the continents. In this research the focus is on analyzing what happened between the tabled idea and the implemented policy, this is because the implemented policy had a tremendous contradictory impact to the world as it disempowered the investors in an attempt to economically empower its citizens. The tabled idea was great it had its own flows because it lacked clarity in some of its definition and the goals, objectives and how the policy were to be implemented are not clear there is basically lack of clarity pertaining to the policy. This study made use of two theories the Top- down approach and the politics and administration dichotomy, these two theories are in favour of an autocratic way of policy implementation which follows a chain of command. These two theories highlighted that administrators are being covered be politicians and that administration as a practice and discipline are dead. This has lead to policies being made implemented first before they are formulated because there are no administrators. This study reviewed that the implementation process of the IEEP is not clear or rather it does not exist; there is little or no transparency on the events that took place between the tabled idea and the implemented policy.
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Mapfumo, Alexander. "Agricultural expenditure for economic growth and poverty reduction in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/422.

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A vibrant and an efficient agricultural sector would enable a country to feed its growing population, generate employment, earn foreign exchange and provide raw materials for industries. The agricultural sector has a multiplier effect on any nation's socio-economic and industrial fabric because of the multifunctional nature of agriculture. The main objective of this study was to investigate how government expenditure on agriculture has affected economic growth in Zimbabwe from 1980-2009. The Log linear growth regression model was employed where gross domestic gross was the dependant variable and the explanatory variables are the factors which affect it which include government agricultural expenditure. The expenditures of government on agriculture were divided into three functions namely extension, credit assistance and R & D. The regression analyses were performed using Econometric-views 7 (E-views 7) statistical package. Regression was carried out on time series data for the period 1980 to 2009. The data was tested for stationarity and for autocorrelation. Problems of non stationarity of data were corrected by integrating the trending series. Results from the empirical analysis provide strong evidence indicating that agriculture is an engine of economic growth. The results from this study suggest that spending more on agricultural research and development can improve economic growth and ultimately reduce poverty. However, it can also be concluded that insufficient government agricultural expenditure on extension and credit assistance adversely affected economic growth in Zimbabwe, based on the results of the study. Global experience with pro-poor growth and empirical work spanning India, Benin and Malawi demonstrates the importance of agricultural expenditure for poverty reduction in poor rural areas, while also pointing to the need for complementary non farm sector growth. This study also proposes a simple methodology to estimate the agricultural spending that will be required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015 (MDG1) in Zimbabwe. This method uses growth poverty and growth expenditure elasticities to estimate the financial resources required to meet the MDG1. The study attempts to address a key knowledge gap by improving estimation of first MDG agricultural expenditure at country level.
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Grimes, Paula, and Paula Grimes. "HIV/AIDS and Women with Disabilities in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12376.

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This study focuses on HIV risk factors and organizational programming at the intersection of gender, disability and HIV in Zimbabwe. Women are disproportionately impacted by HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, though few studies have investigated how women with disabilities are affected. This study determines their unique vulnerabilities to contracting HIV and articulates their barriers to accessing HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment services. Collaborating with two Southern African organizations in three southern Zimbabwean provinces, I interviewed 50 disabled women, 7 disabled men and 44 staff from various AIDS service organizations, community based health and women's organizations, disabled peoples' organizations, clinics and hospitals. AIDS programs are not reaching many people who need services who had pre-existing disabilities or who became disabled as a result of HIV. I argue that more must be done to reach persons with disabilities and to think more inclusively and collaboratively when designing and implementing AIDS programs.
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Chiripanhura, Blessing M. "Labour market dynamics and economic development in Zimbabwe: 1980-2005." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486468.

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This thesis examines labour market dynamics and economic development in Zimbabwe over the period 1980 to 2005. It explores the structure and performance of the labour market as well as poverty and livelihood diversification. The labour market is chosen for study because it plays a key role in distributing income and in fighting p~verty. It also has potential to play a critical role in resolving the current economic crisis. For detailed analysis, the study period is divided into three sub-periods, 19801990 (the interventionist period), 1991-1996 (the economic reform period) and 1997-2005 (the crisis period), and labour market structure and performance are examined in each period. Case studies and quantitative and econometric methods are used to investigate labour market outcomes. Further, the labour market under crisis conditions is divided into rural and urban segments because the two respond differently to policy changes. The analyses show that during the crisis period there was substitution of the informal for formal employment in the urban sector; and that the crisis caused massive decline in capacity utilisation. In the rural sector, it was observed that households increased their labour supply in response to wage levels. However, the supply response was stymied bytoo low rural wages. Further, their ability to hire in labour was influenced by. household income, particularly by the proportion of non-farm income. The main conclusions are that labour market liberalisation is not a sufficient condition for employment growth; that although the labour market thins out and/or changes form in response to economic conditions, it is resilient; and that the spatial differences in this resilience imply that although the labour market can be used as an instrument to fight poverty, it does not work well in all areas and for all households. This calls for hybrid approaches to tackling poverty. It is also concluded that under crisis conditions, piecemeal reforms have been ineffective and may indeed have worsened econ'omic recession. Given Zimbabwe's severe state of macroeconomic disequilibrium, the revival of the economy will now require comprehensive political and economic reforms in order to achieve stability.
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Takawira, Caroline. "Is foreign aid's influence on economic growth of a country conditional on institutional quality? The case of Zimbabwe." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97298.

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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Does foreign aid contribute to economic growth? Is the impact of foreign aid conditional on the presence of quality institutions? This issue has attracted much attention over the years from both the donor community and recipient countries given that despite several years of foreign aid flows the increasing high poverty levels raise questions about the effectiveness of foreign aid. Despite several years of study on the relationship between foreign aid and economic growth results have remained inconclusive. Conclusions from various studies on this issue are varied. The conclusions thus far can be summarised as follows: there is a positive relationship between aid and economic growth; there is no relationship between aid and growth; the presence of good governance and institutions is a precondition for aid to have a positive influence on economic growth; and the presence of good governance and institutions is not a precondition for aid to have positive influence on economic growth. The research assignment sought to determine if there is any relationship between foreign aid, economic growth and institutional quality in Zimbabwe for the period 1980 to 2010 using the autoregressive distributed lag approach. In order to determine this relationship, the assignment also examined economic growth theories that have evolved over the years and reviewed existing empirical literature on the subject. An analysis of the economic growth theory revealed a shift from foreign aid being merely assumed to supplement savings to a new approach looking at conditions necessary for it to be effective, with a special focus on institutional quality. To date there has not been any agreement on the definition and institutional characteristics that create an environment conducive for foreign aid. Studies still use indicators that group together a wide range of social structures affecting economic outcomes such as political system, property rights, contract enforcement, and investor protection as measures of institutional quality The research assignment used quality of governance, polity iv and economic freedom of the world index as measures of institutional quality. The empirical results revealed there that there was a positive relationship between foreign aid and economic growth and that all the measures of institutional quality perform best when all are included in the model. This suggests that the effectiveness of aid in Zimbabwe was strongly influenced by the quality of institutions. It is therefore important for the government of Zimbabwe to maintain the rule of law, political stability and economic freedom. This is likely to attract economic agents who can make meaningful investment and resuscitate the Zimbabwean economy.
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Mugano, Gift. "The impact of liberalisation on Zimbabwe." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020198.

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The process of trade liberalisation and market-oriented economic reforms was initiated in many developing countries in early 1980s; and it intensified in 1990s. In 1991, Zimbabwe was assisted by the IMF to implement trade-policy reforms under Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP). After adopting ESAP, the country witnessed soaring balance-of-payment problems, contraction of output, unemployment and the loss of government revenue. A number of factors, which were at play resulted in dismal economic performance under ESAP. These factors still exist, in addition to inter alia weak economic policies, structural rigidities and weak institutions. However, notwithstanding this controversy, the country continuously opened its economy under Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), World Trade Organisation (WTO), Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) and bilateral agreements. It is against this background that this study is undertaken, in order to evaluate the impact of different trade-policy regimes on trade, welfare and revenue in Zimbabwe. This study used two models: World Integrated Trade Solutions/Software for Market Analysis and Restrictions on Trade (WITS/SMART) and Tariff Reform Impact Simulation Tool (TRIST). The WITS/SMART model was used because of its ability in analysing the tariff effect of a single market on disaggregated product lines. The model also has the capability to analyse the effects of trade-policy reforms in the presence of imperfect substitutes. In order to complement the WITS/SMART model, a TRIST model was also used. The use of the TRIST model enabled the study to evaluate the impact of trade reforms on VAT, excise duties, collected and statutory revenue – which the WITS/SMART model had overlooked. Using the WITS/SMART model, the study considered seven trade-liberalisation frameworks for Zimbabwe: full implementation of the SADC free trade agreement (FTA), SADC common external tariff (CET), COMESA CET, COMESA FTA, EPAs, BFTAs and WTO FTA.
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Books on the topic "Women in economic development – Zimbabwe"

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Mupawaenda, Anna C. Women and development in Zimbabwe: A developmental manual. [Harare]: Ranche House College, 1990.

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Women and men in Zimbabwe report, 2012. Harare, Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency, 2013.

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Chimedza, Ruvimbo. The impact of irrigation development on women farmers in Zimbabwe: The case of Mushandike and Tagarika Irrigation Schemes. Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe: Dept. of Agricultural Economics & Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, 1989.

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Zimbabwe Women's Bureau. National Conference. Community participation builds the future: A report on the Zimbabwe Women's Bureau Seventh Annual National Conference : Magamba Training Centre, Mutare, 30th August-1st September 1991. Cranborne, Harare, Zimbabwe: The Bureau, 1992.

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Mafuratidze, Regis. Awareness raising workshop proceedings on farmers' rights and economic development for parliamentarians and women organizations in Zimbabwe, 26 August and 23 September 2009, Harare, Zimbabwe. Harare, Zimbabwe: Community Technology Development Trust, 2009.

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Perpetua, Gumbo, ed. Women informal traders in Harare and the struggle for survival in an environment of economic reforms. Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute, 2001.

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Zimbabwe, ENDA. Enda Zimbabwe. Harare, Zimbabwe: Enda Zimbabwe, 1990.

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Hoogenboezem, Geeske. 'Some men really are useless': The role of participating in a women's project, empowerment and gender in the conttext of two Zimbabwean women's organizations. Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Third World Centre, Catholic University of Nijmegen, 1996.

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Selected development issues in Zimbabwe. Gweru, Zimbabwe: Booklove Publishers, 2014.

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Raftopoulos, Brian. Zimbabwe human development report, 1998. [Harare]: United Nations Development Programme, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Women in economic development – Zimbabwe"

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Yingi, Listen. "The Chasm Between Sexes in Accessing Land and Its Produce: The Case of Rural Women in Zimbabwe." In Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, 125–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78701-5_9.

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Chigudu, Hope. "11. The Zimbabwe Women’s Resource Centre and Network." In Development with Women, 151–58. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxfam Publishing, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9780855987022.011.

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Sibanda, Patience. "Married women and development in Gwanda." In Everyday Crisis-Living in Contemporary Zimbabwe, 128–40. New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003026327-12.

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Cassin, A. Marguerite. "Considering Gender and Economic Development Policy." In Women and Careers, 89–106. New York, NY: Routledge, 2019. | Series:: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315207162-7.

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Dergousoff, Deborah. "Rural Women’s Encounters with Economic Development in Kyrgyzstan." In Women of Asia, 415–23. New York, NY: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315458458-31.

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Wetzel, Janice Wood. "Rural Women, Mental Health and Economic Development." In The World of Women, 129–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22366-4_8.

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Moyo, Sam, Walter Chambati, and Paris Yeros. "Land and Natural Resources in Zimbabwe: Scramble and Resistance." In Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, 225–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5840-0_11.

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Chigwenya, Average, and Pardon Ndhlovu. "Women, Land Use, Property Rights and Sustainable Development in Zimbabwe." In Introduction to Gender Studies in Eastern and Southern Africa, 215–32. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-558-6_12.

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Mumvuma, Takawira. "Enhancing Service Delivery at the Local Level in Zimbabwe: Challenges and Future Prospects." In Local Governance, Economic Development and Institutions, 64–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137557599_4.

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Jansen, Doris J., and Andrew Rukovo. "Agriculture and the Policy Environment — Political Dreams and Policy Nightmares: Zambia and Zimbabwe." In Economic Reform, Trade and Agricultural Development, 91–109. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23103-4_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Women in economic development – Zimbabwe"

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Hlalele, Bernard, Moddie Nyahwo, and Alice Ncube. "Investigating the socio-economic impacts of climate-induced drought risks on resettled women farmers in Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe." In 5th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecws-5-08006.

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Özdemir, Zekai, İlkay Noyan Yalman, and Seda Bayrakdar. "Employment of Women and Economic Development: An Example of Transition Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00476.

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The participation of women in workforce has been accepted as an important factor of sustainable development. Especially in developing countries, the low workforce participation rate of women has been drawn attention, and therefore the importance of the concept in question on development process becomes a current issue. Albeit the importance of women in workforce markets and on development, being accepted of women as “secondary workforce” leads essential problems both economically and socially. With industrialization process, the necessity and wants of women to participate in work life on the one hand and the workforce need of economy on the other hand accelerate the entry of women in workforce market. Previously being employed in the works that do not require talents and skills and afterwards being employed in the more qualified works that require education exhibit the importance of education on women employment. That is, the education of women on development process, participation in workforce and receiving share from growth are important issues which should be interested by every developing countries. In the transition economies which have the status of a developing country, the education and employment of women workforce are important issues to study. In this sense, the women workforce structure in transition economies, as well as the education levels and economic growth rates will be analyzed with the help of statistical tables and the importance of the issue, current problems, solution proposals and policies will be placed in.
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Eroğlu, Feyzullah, Hatice Çoban, and Mustafa Koç. "A Research on Community Development and Women Entrepreneurship." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01307.

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Although Turkish economy system was based on a patriarchal community for a long time, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of Modern Turkish Republic, has been promoted innovative policies for female citizens to incorporate them into social and economic life. Thanks to those policies, crucial changes have emerged especially for well-educated and cultivated ''urban women''. In this respect, conventional social construct and economic system have been a burden for some of those ''urban women''. They both took care of their families and joined the economic system and raised their career expectations. In recent years, there are some entrepreneurship curriculums and financial support projects has been launched for women who would like to take an active role in business life. Those projects provide opportunity for Turkish women to create their own business instead of working as employees. First of all, literature review on ''community development'' and ''women entrepreneurship'' was conducted in this study. Those issues considered as not only an economic issue but also social and psychological behavioral processes usually by using macro-sociological analysis method. Secondly, an empirical research performed in Denizli province, in which considerable economic moves have been realized in recent years. In this context, qualifications of women entrepreneurs who set up a business afterwards of financial and educational supports of governmental and non-governmental organizations such as Denizli Chamber of Commerce, Denizli Entrepreneurial Association, Association of Eurasian Executives and Businessmen were introduced. Furthermore, women entrepreneurs evaluated by quantitative comparison according to years.
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Vidas-Bubanja, Marijana, Snežana Popovčić-Avrić, and Iva Bubanja. "THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE CREATION OF KNOWLEDGE FOR THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION." In 4th International Scientific Conference: Knowledge based sustainable economic development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia et all, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2018.513.

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Kulkova, Inna A., and Mariia I. Plutova. "Employment of Women with Toddlers Sustainable Development Resource within Staff Shortage." In International Conference on Trends of Technologies and Innovations in Economic and Social Studies 2017. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ttiess-17.2017.64.

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Xin, Ziyan. "The Inscription of Chinese Women in Citizen Textbooks of the 20th century." In 2021 6th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210407.095.

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Stawicka, Ewa, and Maria Parlinska. "Female entrepreneurship in rural areas in the aspect of the labor market." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.040.

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The article aims to assess the importance of undertaking entrepreneurial initiatives by women in rural areas. Authors review the literature on entrepreneurship and professional activity of women. Initiatives were examined within the framework of the use of aid programs for entrepreneurship. The study begins with a look at the development of entrepreneurship in the context of sustainable rural development. Then, the attitudes of women to undertaking economic activity were traced. The long-term changes concerning education and preparation of women in the professional market were verified. The article ends with reflections on the social and economic importance of undertaking entrepreneurial activities by women in rural areas, as well as finances and support for such initiatives.
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LaBiche, Monica, and Sherina Munyana. "Social and economic development of rural women in Uganda using solar energy for productive use." In 2017 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2017.8239279.

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Ponomareva, Irina. "Worldview Of Women With Oncology In The Industrial Region." In IV International Scientific Conference "Competitiveness and the development of socio-economic systems" dedicated to the memory of Alexander Tatarkin. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.04.31.

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Hacıoğlu Deniz, Müjgan, and Elif Haykır Hobikoğlu. "Economic Evaluation of Women Employment in the Context of Development Index According to Gender: Case of Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00546.

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In this study which aims to analyse the current situation of women employment in Turkey and its future perspective in the context of measurement of development index, an evalution of Turkey’s position at the range of global gender inequality and improvement policies considering future have been discussed. For this purpose in the context of development index based on gender, some important parameters such as wage differentials according to gender, employment participation rate according to gender, rate of women professionals at managerial position and income distributions according to gender were tried to be measured by means of basic indicators such as rate of literacy, rate of people getting higher education, representation rate at parliaments according to gender and life expectancy.
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Reports on the topic "Women in economic development – Zimbabwe"

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McKenzie, David, Susana Puerto, and Frank Odhiambo. Unpacking the determinants of entrepreneurship development and economic empowerment for women in Kenya. International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23846/ow4ie95.

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McKee, Katharine, Sara Gould, and Ann Leonard. Self-employment as a means to women's economic self-sufficiency: Women Venture's business development program. Population Council, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy4.1026.

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Diprose, Rachael, Amalinda Savirani, Annisa Sabrina Hartoto, and Ken M. P. Setiawan. Pathways of Change through Women’s Collective Action: How Women are Overcoming Barriers and Bucking Trends to Influence Rural Development in Indonesia. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124329.

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This overview to the edited volume is structured to briefly explore the following key points that emerge in the case analysis of how women’s collective action has created changes for both women’s well-being and the implementation of the Village Law, as well as how such change has been supported by a wide range of CSOs across different contexts and sectors. First, we identify variation in the diversity of priorities and initiatives that villages have introduced as a result of women’s influence on the implementation of the Law. Such initiatives go beyond infrastructure and economic development projects (although women have also prioritised these kinds of initiatives) and traverse multiple sectoral issues in seeking to address challenges for villagers, particularly women, through village development. Second, we identify the different types of changes that are evident in the case studies that have implications for women’s everyday wellbeing, as well as their influence on structures of power, decision making and village development at the individual and institutional levels, and in broader contexts. Third, we discuss how changes have come about for rural village women and what factors have contributed to the changes that are illustrated through the case studies. This includes a discussion of how context dynamics constrain or enable women’s influence, variation in core challenges (or sectoral issues) for women, and how collective action has contributed to forging these changes as is illustrated by the case studies. Fourth, we explore the temporal dimensions of change. And finally, we explore some of the pathways by which such changes have occurred in the research areas, that being different contexts.
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Diprose, Rachael, Amalinda Savirani, Annisa Sabrina Hartoto, and Ken M. P. Setiawan. Pathways of Change through Women’s Collective Action: How Women are Overcoming Barriers and Bucking Trends to Influence Rural Development in Indonesia. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124329.

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This overview to the edited volume is structured to briefly explore the following key points that emerge in the case analysis of how women’s collective action has created changes for both women’s well-being and the implementation of the Village Law, as well as how such change has been supported by a wide range of CSOs across different contexts and sectors. First, we identify variation in the diversity of priorities and initiatives that villages have introduced as a result of women’s influence on the implementation of the Law. Such initiatives go beyond infrastructure and economic development projects (although women have also prioritised these kinds of initiatives) and traverse multiple sectoral issues in seeking to address challenges for villagers, particularly women, through village development. Second, we identify the different types of changes that are evident in the case studies that have implications for women’s everyday wellbeing, as well as their influence on structures of power, decision making and village development at the individual and institutional levels, and in broader contexts. Third, we discuss how changes have come about for rural village women and what factors have contributed to the changes that are illustrated through the case studies. This includes a discussion of how context dynamics constrain or enable women’s influence, variation in core challenges (or sectoral issues) for women, and how collective action has contributed to forging these changes as is illustrated by the case studies. Fourth, we explore the temporal dimensions of change. And finally, we explore some of the pathways by which such changes have occurred in the research areas, that being different contexts.
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de Champlain-Bringué, Isabelle, and Élise Bastille-Lavigne. Guide to Preventing and Mitigating Domestic Violence in a Context of Women’s Economic Empowerment. Oxfam-Québec, Équipe Violence Conjugale, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7970.

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As development practitioners, we must ensure that programs are implemented in such a way as to minimize gender-based violence risks for all participants. This involves understanding risk and prevention factors and implementing appropriate measures and resources to help mitigate these risks in order to guarantee that women’s economic empowerment programs give women the intended tools and opportunities without exposing them to violence. This guide is a tool for developing and implementing strategies to combat gender-based violence, and more specifically domestic violence. It is chiefly intended for economic development practitioners and contains five guidance notes on key subjects related to the prevention and mitigation of domestic violence in the field of women’s economic empowerment.
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Diprose, Rachael, Amalinda Savirani, and Tamas Wells. Gender-inclusive Development and Decentralised Governance: Promoting Women’s Voice and Influence through Collective Action in Rural Indonesia. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124335.

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This peer-reviewed research and policy paper draws on analysis of how women influence decision making in Indonesia's multi-level governance structure under the new Village Law in Indonesia. The analysis identifies the ways that women, through different causal processes, influence development priorities, spending, projects, policies and policy actors, as well as social norms in communities. The analysis draws from a large, qualitative comparative study conducted in different places throughout Indonesia, providing an analytical framework for understanding variation in social and politico-economic contexts in terms of the constraints and opportunities for gender inclusion and women's empowerment. The research also explains variations in the processes by which women exercise voice and influence in these differing contexts, providing considerations for policy makers and others concerned with gender inclusion, women's empowerment and everyday wellbeing.
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Diprose, Rachael, Amalinda Savirani, and Tamas Wells. Gender-inclusive Development and Decentralised Governance: Promoting Women’s Voice and Influence through Collective Action in Rural Indonesia. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124335.

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This peer-reviewed research and policy paper draws on analysis of how women influence decision making in Indonesia's multi-level governance structure under the new Village Law in Indonesia. The analysis identifies the ways that women, through different causal processes, influence development priorities, spending, projects, policies and policy actors, as well as social norms in communities. The analysis draws from a large, qualitative comparative study conducted in different places throughout Indonesia, providing an analytical framework for understanding variation in social and politico-economic contexts in terms of the constraints and opportunities for gender inclusion and women's empowerment. The research also explains variations in the processes by which women exercise voice and influence in these differing contexts, providing considerations for policy makers and others concerned with gender inclusion, women's empowerment and everyday wellbeing.
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Diprose, Rachael, Amalinda Savirani, and Tamas Wells. Pembangunan Inklusif Gender dan Desentralisasi Pemerintahan: Memperkuat Suara dan Pengaruh Perempuan melalui Aksi Kolektif di Daerah Perdesaan Indonesia. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124336.

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This peer-reviewed research and policy paper (available in English and Bahasa Indonesia) draws on analysis of how women influence decision making in Indonesia's multi-level governance structure under the new Village Law in Indonesia. The analysis identifies the ways that women, through different causal processes, influence development priorities, spending, projects, policies and policy actors, as well as social norms in communities. The analysis draws from a large, qualitative comparative study conducted in different places throughout Indonesia, providing an analytical framework for understanding variation in social and politico-economic contexts in terms of the constraints and opportunities for gender inclusion and women's empowerment. The research also explains variations in the processes by which women exercise voice and influence in these differing contexts, providing considerations for policy makers and others concerned with gender inclusion, women's empowerment and everyday wellbeing.
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Diprose, Rachael, Amalinda Savirani, and Tamas Wells. Pembangunan Inklusif Gender dan Desentralisasi Pemerintahan: Memperkuat Suara dan Pengaruh Perempuan melalui Aksi Kolektif di Daerah Perdesaan Indonesia. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124336.

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This peer-reviewed research and policy paper (available in English and Bahasa Indonesia) draws on analysis of how women influence decision making in Indonesia's multi-level governance structure under the new Village Law in Indonesia. The analysis identifies the ways that women, through different causal processes, influence development priorities, spending, projects, policies and policy actors, as well as social norms in communities. The analysis draws from a large, qualitative comparative study conducted in different places throughout Indonesia, providing an analytical framework for understanding variation in social and politico-economic contexts in terms of the constraints and opportunities for gender inclusion and women's empowerment. The research also explains variations in the processes by which women exercise voice and influence in these differing contexts, providing considerations for policy makers and others concerned with gender inclusion, women's empowerment and everyday wellbeing.
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Oloo, Ruth, and Amber Parkes. Addressing Unpaid Care and Domestic Work for a Gender-equal and Inclusive Kenya: WE-Care policy briefing. Oxfam, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7314.

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Care work is the heartbeat of every society: it contributes to our wellbeing as a nation and is crucial for our social and economic development. Yet the disproportionate responsibility for unpaid care work results in time poverty and significant opportunity costs, particularly among the poorest and most marginalized women and girls. This policy brief outlines why unpaid care work is a critical development, economic and gender equality issue for Kenya. It draws on two sets of evidence from Oxfam’s Women’s Economic Empowerment and Care (WE-Care) programme, which explore the impact of women and girls’ heavy and unequal unpaid care responsibilities both before and during COVID-19.
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