Journal articles: 'Women in rabbinical literature. Sex'

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Hacker, Daphna. "Religious Tribunals in Democratic States: Lessons from the Israeli Rabbinical Courts." Journal of Law and Religion 27, no. 1 (January 2012): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400000527.

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In democratic countries where the law might be influenced by religious communities, family law cases can present one of the most sensitive and complex challenges. Religious laws governing personal status and the supervision of family relations are vital components of many religions and, in some cases, crucial to the cultural survival of the religious community. However, the family laws of some religions are discriminatory towards women, same-sex couples, people of other religions, and other groups. Currently, there is heated political and scholarly debate about the tension between the norms of multiculturalism, which dictate that religious communities be allowed to preserve their values and culture, including through autonomy over family law, and liberal norms prohibiting the discrimination that religious family law can perpetrate.One of the best known liberal advocates for restricting discriminatory cultural practices of minority groups was Susan Moller Okin. Okin maintained that many cultural minorities are more patriarchal than the surrounding culture and that the female members of the patriarchal culture might be much better off were the culture into which they were born to become extinct, if, that is, it could not be altered so as to uphold women's equality. She pointed to religious personal law as one example of a sphere in which patriarchal cultures strive to maintain autonomy at the cost of women's and girls' freedom and basic rights. Consistent with her view, nation states should not give legal autonomy over family matters to patriarchal minorities unless these minorities reform their religious laws so as not to discriminate against or impair the rights of women and girls.

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Baskin, Judith R. "From Separation to Displacement: The Problem of Women in Sefer Hasidim." AJS Review 19, no. 1 (April 1994): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009400005341.

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A gender analysis of some of the representations of women in Sefer Hasidim and related texts finds that the German-Jewish pietiests of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries express a profound ambivalence toward women. While Sefer Hasidim places great importance on happy marital relations, its authors also see potential adulteries at every turn. Moreover, in their mystical yearning to transcend the physical pleasures of the material world, they go beyond rabbinic norms in their displacement of women in favor of devotion to the divine. This essay suggests that situating this ambivalence, and the frequent objectification of women which results from it, within the larger context of medieval social history can expand and enhance our knowledge of Jewish social norms, family life, and spirituality in medieval Ashkenaz.

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Rodríguez-Otero, Luis Manuel. "Literature review on studies of women who have sex with women." Medwave 20, no. 03 (April 28, 2020): e7884-e7884. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2020.03.7884.

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Seal. "Chaucer's Women: Sex and the Scholarly Imagination." Chaucer Review 56, no. 4 (2021): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/chaucerrev.56.4.0322.

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Brodsky, David. "Jesus, Mary, and Akiva ben Joseph." Journal of Ancient Judaism 9, no. 1 (May 19, 2018): 101–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/21967954-00901006.

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Early parallels to and commentaries on Massekhet Kallah (a rabbinic text from the Talmudic Period) read the story in it about a woman and her ill-conceived son as being about Jesus and Mary. While some modern scholars have shied away from this reading, I argue in this paper that Massekhet Kallah should be read as engaging its cultural context, particularly its Syriac Christian milieu. In the passage under discussion, Rabbi Akiva tricks the woman into revealing the circumstances under which her son was conceived by falsely promising her life in the world-to-come. False oaths, however, are strictly forbidden in rabbinic literature, which leaves scholars scrambling to justify Rabbi Akiva’s behavior. Read as an anti-Christian polemic, this and other anomalies begin to make sense and seem to be crafted to counter Christian ideology. If the narrative is read through this lens, it appears that the author is attempting to establish that Jesus is not the son of God, but the product of adulterous and impure sex; that the “true” revelation is of Jesus’ lowly birth rather than his divine conception; and that rabbis, rather than Jesus, have the power to grant a person eternal life. Typical of polemical literature, certain passages, like the one about the child and his mother, attack central Christian tenets, and the broader themes of Massekhet Kallah do appear to be wrestling with its Christian counterparts over the definitions of holiness and sexual asceticism; however, other passages present stories that can be read as consistent with those proliferating in the Christian monastic literature of the Egyptian desert fathers popular in Syriac Christianity. Taken together, the evidence suggests that Massekhet Kallah is a text that is engaging with its Christian milieu – at times striving with it and at times consonant with it. This article, then, is an experiment in reading Massekhet Kallah in that Christian context.

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Regev, Shaul. "‘Woman of valor’ : The character and status of women in jewish philosophy of the sixteenth century." European Journal of Jewish Studies 4, no. 2 (2010): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/102599911x573350.

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AbstractResearchers of Jewish History dealing with the topic of women’s character and status in Medieval Jewish texts drew their information mainly from Rabbinical Responsa and tended to neglect other types of literature: sermons and Biblical commentaries. Responsa were a primary source for two reasons—convenience and availability of the material. However, this type of literature was written out of necessity and dealt with the problematic situations in a woman’s life, whether with regard to her private life (as for instance in matters of marriage or divorce), her financial situation or other difficult issues. It may be possible to put together a clearer picture of women and their position in the Middle Ages, including their treatment by the men of their immediate surroundings, by examining and researching the vast literature of sermons and Biblical commentaries.Using an interpretation of Chapter 31 of the book of Proverbs (“Woman of Valor”), the preacher draws an image of the ideal woman and uses it to present his opinion on women, their shortcomings and their virtues. The main topic that preachers and interpreters discussed was the question of the perfection of women’s intellectual souls. As women did not usually acquire great intellectual learning, it stands to reason that they could not achieve perfection. Therefore, replacements were created that allowed women’s perfection to surpass that of men’s.

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Lanser, Susan S., and Rita Goldberg. "Sex and Enlightenment: Women in Richardson and Diderot." SubStance 16, no. 3 (1987): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3685202.

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Duque, Cristina, Steven Feske, and Farzaneh Sorond. "Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics in Women." Seminars in Neurology 37, no. 06 (December 2017): 679–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608881.

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AbstractSex and gender, as biological and social factors, significantly influence health outcomes. Among the biological factors, sex differences in vascular physiology may be one specific mechanism contributing to the observed differences in clinical presentation, response to treatment, and clinical outcomes in several vascular disorders. This review focuses on the cerebrovascular bed and summarizes the existing literature on sex differences in cerebrovascular hemodynamics to highlight the knowledge deficit that exists in this domain. The available evidence is used to generate mechanistically plausible and testable hypotheses to underscore the unmet need in understanding sex-specific mechanisms as targets for more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.

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Mirzaii Najmabadi, Khadigeh, and Farangis Sharifi. "Sexual Education and Women Empowerment in Health: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences 7, no. 2 (October 19, 2018): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2019.25.

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Objectives: Women constitute almost 50% of the world population and play a number of roles in the community. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between sex education and women empowerment in health. Methods: Based on the aim of the study, the data were obtained reviewing the related literature on electronic and non-electronic websites and using equivalent keywords published until the last week of February 2018. In addition, mesh terms and key words were included in this research. Inclusion criteria were articles published from 2005 to February 2018. All the observation or interventional studies including ten articles which met the search criteria were studied. Results: The results revealed that sex education has different effects on sexual attitudes or activities of women. Further, it was effective in increasing the sexual autonomy of female college students. Furthermore, health providers’ contribution may improve sexual autonomy. In the current study, sex education programs were effective at increasing HIV/AIDS ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) knowledge and condom use, reducing the risk of unprotected intercourse and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as well as unplanned pregnancy and abortion. Finally, abstinence-plus sex education programs increased health knowledge while they reduced risky sexual behaviors. Conclusions: In general, sex education is a critical method of women empowerment in health through increasing their health knowledge and related behaviors. Therefore, a compilation program of sex education is more useful. Accordingly, seeking to place sex training in the educational curriculum in accordance with the culture of the countries is a necessity.

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Conley, Katharine, and Naomi Sawelson-Gorse. "Women in Dada: Essays on Sex, Gender, and Identity." SubStance 28, no. 3 (1999): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3685442.

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Boyarin, Daniel. "Reading Androcentrism against the Grain: Women, Sex, and Torah-Study." Poetics Today 12, no. 1 (1991): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1772981.

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McNair, Ruth. "Risks and prevention of sexually transmissible infections among women who have sex with women." Sexual Health 2, no. 4 (2005): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh04046.

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Health care providers working with women who have sex with women (WSW) have been ill-informed about a range of sexual health issues for these women. Pertinent issues include sexual behaviours that carry risks of sexually transmissible infection (STI), prevention strategies for safer sex and understanding experiences of abuse. A relative silence continues in all of these areas within the mainstream medical literature, textbooks, research and policy documents, which perpetuates medical ignorance. There is evidence that the prevalence of STIs among WSW is at least as high as among heterosexual women, if not higher among some sub-groups. Risk factors include the sex and number of sexual partners, minimal use of protected sexual behaviours and low levels of knowledge of STI prevention among WSW. Importantly, marginalisation leading to poorer mental health and experiences of abuse can combine to influence risk taking including substance abuse and risky sexual behaviours. Safe-sex guidelines and the need to recognise the impact of sexual abuse are presented.

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Leeds, Rebecca, Ari Shechter, Carmela Alcantara, Brooke Aggarwal, John Usseglio, Marwah Abdalla, and Nathalie Moise. "Elucidating the Relationship Between Insomnia, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease." Gender and the Genome 4 (January 1, 2020): 247028972098001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2470289720980018.

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Sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality have been attributed to differences in pathophysiology between men and women and to disparities in CVD management that disproportionately affect women compared to men. Similarly, there has been investigation of differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia attributable to sex. Few studies have examined how sex and insomnia interact to influence CVD outcomes, however. In this review, we summarize the literature on sex-specific differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia as well as existing research regarding the relationship between insomnia and CVD outcomes as it pertains to sex. Research to date indicate that women are more likely to have insomnia than men, and there appear to be differential associations in the relation between insomnia and CVD by sex. We posit potential mechanisms of the relationship between sex, insomnia and CVD, discuss gaps in the existing literature, and provide commentary on future research needed in this area. Unraveling the complex relations between sex, insomnia, and CVD may help to explain sex-specific differences in CVD, and identify sex-specific strategies for promotion of cardiovascular health. Throughout this review, terms “men” and “women” are used as they are in the source literature, which does not differentiate between sex and gender. The implications of this are also discussed.

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Keane, Angela. "Richard Carlile's Working Women: Selling Books, Politics, Sex and the Republican." Literature & History 15, no. 2 (November 2006): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/lh.15.2.2.

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Khumaidi, Khumaidi, and Yona Sri. "DETERMINANT FACTOR OF CONDOM USE AMONG MEN SEX MEN AND TRASNGENDER WOMEN IN SOUTHEAST ASIA REGION : A LITERATURE REVIEW." International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS) 1, no. 2 (January 3, 2019): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v1i2.22.

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Abstract Background : based on data from UNAIDS 2017 reported that men sex men(MSM) and other MSM (transgender women) accounted for 12 percent of new HIV infections in 2017. The Asia Pacific region is one of the regions that contributes new HIV cases from MSM and transgender women. Unprotected anal sex is a major cause of HIV transmission among MSM and transgender women. Objective: the study aimed to describe determinan factors of condom use among men sex men and transgender women in Southeast Asia region. Methods : we search literature from various relevant sources. Five databases including PubMed, PROQUEST, Plos One, Science Direct and Ebsco were included in this study. Results : several factors that contribute to condom use such as individual factors including attitudes, knowledge related to HIV, decreased sexual pleasure, substance use and gender presentation. Other factors that influence condom use are family support, peer support and experience of physical violence and sexual abuse. the type of partner and the amount of pay for sex among transgender women also influence condom use. Conclusion :several factors are noted from individual, social, family and sex partner. Further research especially intervention research, it is necessary to consider the factors that influence condom use before developing interventions for MSM and transgender women.

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Cypess, Sandra Messinger. "Easy Women: Sex and Gender in Modern Mexican Fiction." MLN 114, no. 2 (1999): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mln.1999.0017.

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Armstrong, Heather L., and Elke D. Reissing. "Women who have sex with women: a comprehensive review of the literature and conceptual model of sexual function." Sexual and Relationship Therapy 28, no. 4 (November 2013): 364–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2013.807912.

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Jäger, Pia, Annina Wolicki, Johannes Spohnholz, and Metin Senkal. "Review: Sex-Specific Aspects in the Bariatric Treatment of Severely Obese Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (April 15, 2020): 2734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082734.

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This systematic literature review aims to point out sex-specific special features that are important in the bariatric treatment of women suffering from severe obesity. A systematic literature search was carried out according to Cochrane and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. After the literature selection, the following categories were determined: sexuality and sexual function; contraception; fertility; sex hormones and polycystic ovary syndrome; menopause and osteoporosis; pregnancy and breastfeeding; pelvic floor disorders and urinary incontinence; female-specific cancer; and metabolism, outcome, and quality of life. For each category, the current status of research is illuminated and implications for bariatric treatment are determined. A summary that includes key messages is given for each subsection. An overall result of this paper is an understanding that sex-specific risks that follow or result from bariatric surgery should be considered more in aftercare. In order to increase the evidence, further research focusing on sex-specific differences in the outcome of bariatric surgery and promising treatment approaches to female-specific diseases is needed. Nevertheless, bariatric surgery shows good potential in the treatment of sex-specific aspects for severely obese women that goes far beyond mere weight loss and reduction of metabolic risks.

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Laporte, Line, Stacy Tzoumakis, Jacques D. Marleau, and Jean-François Allaire. "Sex of Victims in Maternal Filicide." Psychological Reports 96, no. 3 (June 2005): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.96.3.637-643.

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In many societies, girls are more often killed by their parents than boys. However, not much of this is known in contemporary societies. This study had two main objectives. The first was to assess whether the number of boy and girl victims of maternal filicide differ in the literature from 1959 to 2000. Using two scientific databases, Medline and PsycINFO, 20 texts were pertinent. The second objective was to identify the variables that differentiate the mothers who killed a son and those who killed a daughter in a sample of 42 women from the province of Québec (Canada). Analysis of the data for the first part indicate that the numbers of sons and daughters killed by their mothers are similar in the literature. For the second aim no significant differences were noted between the women who killed a son and those who killed a daughter for 30 variables studied, e.g., motivation, method of killing, age of the victims, etc.

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Ositkovska, Oleksandra, and Oхana Bayer. "Sex Differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Short Literature Review." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2 (12) (2020): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2020.2(12).13.

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The review of the latest foreign literature on the issue of sex differences in ADHD carriers is presented. The analysis of theories on the causes of the prevalence of the disorder among boys and girls is presented, and minor sex differences are highlighted. Therefore, ADHD is more common among boys than among girls, which leads to arguments about the difference valid in the prevalence of the disorder among men and women. Also, many researchers have noticed certain differences in the symptoms and behaviour of girls compared to boys, both in childhood and adulthood. Boys and girls with ADHD appear to be more similar than different, and usually the symptoms are not sex specific, but still there is a difference. In general, these differences are manifested in the fact that girls have problems with the emotional sphere and the predominant inattentive symptoms of ADHD, while boys have problems with the behavioural sphere and the predominant impulsive and hyperactive type of ADHD. Moreover, boys are more aggressive in behaviour than girls, although girls are more likely to manifest verbal aggression than their female peers, who do not have the disorder. It has been found that the difference in the prevalence of the disorder among males and females can be described by the Cognitive Endophenotype Theory, which assumes the influence of generally accepted endophenotypes on the severity of ADHD, that means processing speed, inhibition and working memory. This theory does not preclude theories such as the Mean Difference Model and the Variance Difference Model, which state that men on the average have more severe symptoms than women, and thus the scale of the severity of the ADHD among boys is much wider than among women.

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Zaydieva, Ya Z., and V. E. Balan. "Vitamin D and women’s reproductive health (literature review)." Medical Council, no. 12 (July 29, 2018): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2018-12-164-172.

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Vitamin D and women’s reproductive health (literature review). Literature search the relationship between vitamin D and fertility in women рerformed in Pubmed. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D metabolizing enzymes are found in reproductive tissues of women. Moreover, we present evidence that vitamin D is involved in female reproduction including IVF outcome and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In PCOS women, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with obesity, metabolic, and endocrine disturbances and vitamin D supplementation might improve menstrual frequency and metabolic disturbances in those women. Moreover, vitamin D might influence steroidogenesis of sex hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in healthy women and high 25(OH)D levels might be associated with endometriosis.

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Ayotte, Brian, Clare Mehta, and Jacqueline Alfonso. "Health Communication With Same-Sex and Other-Sex Friends in Emerging Adulthood." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 85, no. 3 (December 28, 2016): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415016680066.

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Objective We examined health-related communication between same-sex and other-sex friends and how communication was related to health-related behavior. Participants Data from 243 emerging adults attending college ( Mage = 18.96, SD = 1.43; 55.6% male) were analyzed. Methods Participants completed measures assessing the frequency in which they talked about and made plans to engage in exercise and nutrition-related behaviors with friends, as well as how often they engaged in exercise and nutrition-related behaviors. Results In general, participants reported more health-related communication with same-sex friends. Health-related communication with same-sex friends was positively related to health behaviors for men and women. However, the pattern of results differed for men and women depending on the topic of communication and the behavior being examined. Conclusion Our study extends the literature by examining the role of sex of friends in health communication and planning and how interactions with friends relate to health-promoting behavior.

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Foster, Frances Smith, Calvin C. Hernton, and Ann Allen Shockley. "The Sexual Mountain and Black Women Writers: Adventures in Sex, Literature and Real Life." Black American Literature Forum 24, no. 1 (1990): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2904072.

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Quinton, Richard. "Risks of Sex Hormone Therapy in Women: Important Lessons from the Transgender Woman Literature." Southern Medical Journal 108, no. 4 (April 2015): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14423/smj.0000000000000269.

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Snipes, Daniel J., Jenna M. Calton, Brooke A. Green, Paul B. Perrin, and Eric G. Benotsch. "Rape and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Examining the Mediating Role of Explicit Sex–Power Beliefs for Men Versus Women." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 16 (July 3, 2015): 2453–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515592618.

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Many rape survivors exhibit symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and recent literature suggests survivors’ beliefs about sex and control may affect PTSD symptoms. The present study examined beliefs about sex and power as potential mediators of the relationship between rape and PTSD symptoms for men versus women. Participants ( N = 782) reported lifetime history of rape, current PTSD symptoms, and beliefs about sex and power. Women reported higher levels of lifetime history of rape than men (19.7% for women; 9.7% for men). While rape history predicted PTSD symptoms for both genders, beliefs about sex and power were shown to be a significant partial mediator of this relationship for men, but not for women. Results extend the literature on rape and PTSD by suggesting that survivors’ beliefs about sex and power are connected and can affect their PTSD symptoms. Additionally, results illustrate how sexual violence against men may reaffirm male gender roles that entail power and aggression, and ultimately affect trauma recovery.

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Glazener, N. "Sex Expression and American Women Writers, 1860-1940; Uncommon Women: Gender and Representation in Nineteenth-Century U.S. Women's Writing." American Literature 82, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-2010-008.

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Retno M, Laura Andri, and Khotibul Umam. "Dukuhseti Pati in Literature and Social Reality: A Perception About Women." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 07027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020207027.

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Prostitution is a phenomenon in people's lives and is considered a "social problem". The condition of women as objects also appears in literary works, as a reflection of the perception of their society. Therefore, studies are needed in the perspective of feminism, especially radical feminists to explore the issue of prostitution that occurs in women. Feminist Literary Critical Approach is carried out in this study with the type of qualitative research. Data were collected from female sex worker informants and formal figures with in-depth interview techniques and field data observations.

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Grasso, Antonella, Antonio Di Zazzo, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Jaemyoung Sung, Takenori Inomata, Kendrick Co Shih, Alessandra Micera, et al. "Sex Hormones Related Ocular Dryness in Breast Cancer Women." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 2620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122620.

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Background: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is strictly connected to systemic and topical sex hormones. Breast cancer treatment, the subsequent hormonal therapy, the subsequent hyperandrogenism and the early sudden menopause, may be responsible for ocular surface system failure and its clinical manifestation as dry eye disease. This local dryness is part of the breast cancer iatrogenic dryness, which affects overall mucosal tissue in the fragile population of those with breast cancer. Methods: A literature review regarding the role of sex hormone changes and systemic hormonal replacement treatments (SHRT) in DES available on PubMed and Web of Science was made without any restriction of language. Results: Androgens exert their role on the ocular surface supporting meibomian gland function and exerting a pro-sebaceous effect. Estrogen seems to show a pro/inflammatory role on the ocular surface, while SHRT effects on dry eye are still not well defined, determining apparently contradictory consequences on the ocular surface homeostasis. The role of sex hormones on dry eye pathogenesis is most likely the result of a strict crosstalk between the protective androgens effects and the androgen-modulating effects of estrogens on the meibomian glands. Conclusions: Patients with a pathological or iatrogenic hormonal imbalance, such as in the case of breast cancer, should be assessed for dry eye disease, as well as systemic dryness, in order to restore their social and personal quality of life.

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Levy, Emanuel. "Stage, Sex, and Suffering: Images of Women in American Films." Empirical Studies of the Arts 8, no. 1 (January 1990): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/90lj-px9t-q0j8-kb0g.

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This article systematically examines the portrayal of women in the American cinema over the last sixty years, from 1927. More specifically, it addresses itself to the following issues: the main attributes of screen women in terms of age, marital status, and occupation; the guidelines prescribed by American films for structuring women's lifestyles; the degree of rigidity of these normative prescriptions and proscriptions; and recent changes in the portrayal of women. The research is based on content analysis, quantitative and qualitative, of 218 screen roles, male and female, which have won the Academy Award, bestowed annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the best achievements in film acting. The study demonstrates the differential treatment of gender in American films and the durability of specific screen stereotypes for men and for women. The prevalence of rigid conventions in the portrayal of women for half a century is explained in relation to male economic and ideological dominance in Hollywood and in American society at large.

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Orten, James D., and Jana L. Orten. "Achievement among Women with Turner's Syndrome." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 73, no. 7 (September 1992): 424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438949207300705.

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The authors describe the results of a survey of educational achievement, occupational status, and personal happiness among adult women with Turner's syndrome, a sex-linked chromosomal abnormality. The results suggest that such women compare favorably in these areas with genetically normal populations. The authors conclude that the “cognitive deficits” reported in the literature are either overcome by the subjects or perhaps are exaggerated by researchers.

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Hinchliff, Sharron, Merryn Gott, and Christine Ingleton. "Sex, Menopause and Social Context." Journal of Health Psychology 15, no. 5 (July 2010): 724–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105310368187.

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Most research on sex and menopause has been conducted within a biomedical framework describing how, for example, declining hormone levels result in reduced sexual desire. Little research has examined women’s own perspectives. In this article we present an analysis of interview data from 12 British women experiencing natural menopause. Analysis identified the key role of interpersonal factors in sexual pleasure, alongside heterogeneity with regard to changes in sexual desire and orgasm. The findings complement existing psychological literature on the topic of women’s sexual and reproductive health which foregrounds social context and emphasizes diversity of experience.

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Davis, Janet L. "Sex and Reproduction in the Transmission of Infectious Uveitis." Journal of Ophthalmology 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/683246.

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Current data permit only speculations regarding sex differences in the prevalence of infectious uveitis between women and men because uveitis case surveys do not uniformly report gender data. Differences in prevalence that are reported in the literature could relate to simple differences in the number of women and men at risk for infection or to biological differences between men and women. Compared to other types of uveitis, infectious uveitis may be directly related to occupational exposures or sexual behaviors, which differ between women and men, and may mask actual biological differences in susceptibility to ocular manifestations of the infection and its prognosis. In infectious uveitis for which there is no element of sexual transmission and data is available, prevalence of ocular disease is roughly equal between women and men. Women also have a unique relationship with infectious uveitis in their role as mothers. Vertical transmission of infections such as herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus can produce severe chorioretinitis in neonates.

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Griesbeck, Morgane, Eileen Scully, and Marcus Altfeld. "Sex and gender differences in HIV-1 infection." Clinical Science 130, no. 16 (July 7, 2016): 1435–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20160112.

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The major burden of the human immunodeficiency (HIV) type 1 pandemic is nowadays carried by women from sub-Saharan Africa. Differences in the manifestations of HIV-1 infection between women and men have been long reported, and might be due to both socio-economic (gender) and biological (sex) factors. Several studies have shown that women are more susceptible to HIV-1 acquisition than men. Following HIV-1 infection, women have lower viral loads during acute infection and exhibit stronger antiviral responses than men, which may contribute to differences in the size of viral reservoirs. Oestrogen receptor signalling could represent an important mediator of sex differences in HIV-1 reservoir size and may represent a potential therapeutic target. Furthermore, immune activation, a hallmark of HIV-1 infection, is generally higher in women than in men and could be a central mechanism in the sex difference observed in the speed of HIV-1 disease progression. Here, we review the literature regarding sex-based differences in HIV-1 infection and discuss how a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms could improve preventive and therapeutic strategies.

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Man, Joshua J., Joshua A. Beckman, and Iris Z. Jaffe. "Sex as a Biological Variable in Atherosclerosis." Circulation Research 126, no. 9 (April 24, 2020): 1297–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.120.315930.

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease and the predominant cause of heart attack and ischemic stroke. Despite the well-known sexual dimorphism in the incidence and complications of atherosclerosis, there are relatively limited data in the clinical and preclinical literature to rigorously address mechanisms underlying sex as a biological variable in atherosclerosis. In multiple histological and imaging studies, overall plaque burden and markers of inflammation appear to be greater in men than women and are predictive of cardiovascular events. However, while younger women are relatively protected from cardiovascular disease, by the seventh decade, the incidence of myocardial infarction in women ultimately surpasses that of men, suggesting an interaction between sex and age. Most preclinical studies in animal atherosclerosis models do not examine both sexes, and even in those that do, well-powered direct statistical comparisons for sex as an independent variable remain rare. This article reviews the available data. Overall, male animals appear to have more inflamed yet smaller plaques compared to female animals. Plaque inflammation is often used as a surrogate end point for plaque vulnerability in animals. The available data support the notion that rather than plaque size, plaque inflammation may be more relevant in assessing sex-specific mechanisms since the findings correlate with the sex difference in ischemic events and mortality and thus may be more reflective of the human condition. Overall, the number of preclinical studies directly comparing plaque inflammation between the sexes is extremely limited relative to the vast literature exploring atherosclerosis mechanisms. Failure to include both sexes and to address age in mechanistic atherosclerosis studies are missed opportunities to uncover underlying sex-specific mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms driving sex as a biological variable in atherosclerotic disease is critical to future precision medicine strategies to mitigate what is still the leading cause of death of men and women worldwide.

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Williams, Carolyn. "Acts of Desire: Women and Sex on Stage 1800–1930." Journal of Victorian Culture 22, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13555502.2017.1303280.

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Byrd, DeAnnah R., Roland J. Thorpe, and Keith E. Whitfield. "EXPLORING SEX DIFFERENCES IN COGNITION IN OLDER BLACKS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1999.

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Abstract Previous literature suggest that women experience more dementia than men. However, it is unclear what accounts for these differences and whether sex differences exist among Blacks over time. We hypothesize that Black women will have worse cognitive outcomes than men and smoking may potentially explain these differences. Longitudinal data from the Baltimore Study of Black Aging-Patterns of Cognitive Aging was used to assess cognitive change over 33 months in five domains. The sample consisted of 602 community-dwelling Blacks, aged 48-92 years at baseline and 450 at follow-up. Findings indicated that Black women reported better vocabulary, working and verbal memory than Black men, controlling for age, education, smoking, and health status. These findings suggest that Black women may have some cognitive advantages in mid to later life compared to Black men. Future research should continue exploring longitudinal sex differences in cognitive domains among Blacks and the underlying drivers of these differences.

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Strebel, Anna. "Whose Epidemic is it? Reviewing the Literature on Women and AIDS." South African Journal of Psychology 25, no. 1 (March 1995): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639502500102.

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AIDS is widely presented as a critical problem for women, which raises special issues of prevention and care. Although it is suggested that women are particularly vulnerable physiologically to HIV infection, biomedical research into treatment and prevention options specifically for women has been limited. Considerable social science research at both the theoretical and applied level has been documented. While analyses have tended to highlight broad structural factors, interventions have often been at individual/group level. The literature demonstrates the dilemma of AIDS being seen as women's responsibility, although they lack the power and means to implement safe sex. Gender imbalances in depictions of and responses to AIDS need to be attended to if the epidemic is to be effectively addressed.

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Maher, Lisa, and Susan L. Hudson. "Women in the Drug Economy: A Metasynthesis of the Qualitative Literature." Journal of Drug Issues 37, no. 4 (October 2007): 805–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260703700404.

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This paper aims to review and examine the qualitative research literature on women in the illicit drug economy and to identify and integrate key themes using the technique of qualitative metasynthesis. A search of citation lists and online bibliographic databases identified a total of 36 studies, 15 of which met the inclusion criteria of generating findings in relation to female participation using qualitative or ethnographic research methods. Results suggest that the drug economy is a gender-stratified labor market and that while women draw on a diverse range of economic and social resources, including informal sector networks such as those involved in sex work, family, and community and welfare networks, most women in most drug markets remain confined to low-level and marginal roles.

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Deming, Michelle E., Amir Bhochhibhoya, LaDrea Ingram, Crystal Stafford, and Xiaoming Li. "HIV/STI interventions targeting women who experience forced sex: A systematic review of global literature." Health Care for Women International 39, no. 8 (May 10, 2018): 919–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2018.1464005.

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Otero, L., V. Palacio, F. Carreno, F. J. Mendez, and F. Vazquez. "Vulvovaginal candidiasis in female sex workers." International Journal of STD & AIDS 9, no. 9 (September 1, 1998): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462981922764.

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a frequent inflammatory process in women but it has not been widely studied in female sex workers FSWs . To estimate the frequency of Candida species infection in FSWs and to identify related risk factors and clinical findings, we carried out a retrospective study of 1923 FSWs over 11 years. We also performed a prospective study of 163 consecutive FSWs with a history of candidiasis during a 4 year period. Candida species were isolated in 1967 samples 18.5 of the total . Candida albicans 89.3 was the most frequent species, followed by Candida glabrata 2.7 , Candida parapsilosis 1.2 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0.4 . In the prospective study of 163 patients, we found vaginal discharge in 76.1 of cases, soreness in 52.1 and vulval pruritus in 32.5 . We identified 12 patients 7.4 with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. No statistical difference was found between recurrent vulvovaginitis and the use of oral contraceptives, oral sex, tight fitting clothing and synthetic underwear. FSWs have the same prevalence of candidiasis as other groups of women described in published literature. The proportion of albicans and non albicans species does not differ between women with recurrent and non recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis VVC .

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Sarpal, Rakesh, Rosli Saleh, Tan Seng Teck, Kueh May Chia, and Lim May Yee. "Literature Review on the Use of Sex Appeal vs Non-Sex Appeal Advertising in the Malaysian Context." International Journal of Marketing Studies 10, no. 2 (May 9, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v10n2p28.

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This research examines the perception of customers towards sex appeal advertising. Effect of sex appeal advertising has to be measure in terms of ABC model of attitude, which are affective, behavioural and cognitive. Through the sex appeal advertising, cultural values, lifestyle and behaviours can be affected. Acceptance of nudity among different gender and religious had been investigated in Malaysia market. Research findings show that Chinese are more likely to accept mild sex-appeal advertising while Muslims could not accept it. Women perceive sex appeal more negatively than men, yet react quite positively towards sex appeal advertisements that is linked with the product itself. Other than that, high nudity levels in advertisements was not well received. Further analyses on the acceptance of sex appeal ads in Western countries compared to Asian countries where there’re major difference identified in terms of religion constraints and gender issue. Findings signify Malaysians are more conservative in terms of sex appeal advertising compared to the Westerns whereas females tend to be more sensitive towards sex appeal advertisements rather than males.

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Ko, Jade Heejae, and Seung-Nam Kim. "A Literature Review of Women’s Sex Hormone Changes by Acupuncture Treatment: Analysis of Human and Animal Studies." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (November 15, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3752723.

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Background. It has been known that acupuncture treatment relieves gynecological disorders such as menopause, ovarian dysfunction, and dysmenorrhea. Sex hormones, including estrogen, progesterone, and gonadotropins, are related to the women disease. However, regulative effect of acupuncture on sex hormones has not been fully identified. Methods. Acupuncture articles including analysis of sex hormones were searched in electronic databases from inception to June 2018. The methodological quality was assessed using modified CAMRADES tool. A total of 23 articles were selected and analyzed. Results. In the results, overall studies showed that acupuncture increases estrogen, especially estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and other hormones. Estradiol level was increased in most of studies except 3 studies which resulted in decreased level or not meaningful change. Two studies showed increase of FSH and LH whereas it was decreased in other studies. Other hormones were mostly increased by acupuncture. Conclusion. This study possibly indicates that acupuncture changes sex hormone in various gynecological conditions in women.

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Wilbraham, Lindy, and David Delvin. "Dear Doctor Delve-in: A Feminist Analysis of a Sex Advice Column for Women." Agenda, no. 30 (1996): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4065783.

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Mugo, Kagure. "‘My vagina is invincible’: The myth of risk-free sensual sex between two women." Agenda 32, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2018.1446866.

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Ryan-Scheutz (book author), Colleen, and Sciltian Gastaldi (review author). "Sex, the Self and the Sacred. Women in the Cinema of Pier Paolo Pasolini." Quaderni d'italianistica 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v29i1.8511.

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Stein, Dan J., and Donald W. Black. "Can Too Much Sex be a Bad Thing?" CNS Spectrums 5, no. 1 (January 2000): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900012621.

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Psychiatry has a long tradition of believing that too much sex is a bad thing. The classical literature provides detailed accounts of men and women who demonstrated apparently pathological sexual appetites. Since Freud, psychoanalytic authors have held that masturbation is unhealthy, and psychodynamically oriented thinkers have written on Don Juanism and nymphomania.

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Kearns, Emily. "PINDAR AND EURIPIDES ON SEX WITH APOLLO." Classical Quarterly 63, no. 1 (April 24, 2013): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838812000699.

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Among the most characteristic motifs in Greek mythology is the sexual union of a god with a mortal woman and the resultant birth of a hero. The existence of hexameter poetry listing the women thus favoured – the famous women in the underworld in the eleventh book of the Odyssey, and above all theEoiai– is evidence of an interest in the women involved, not only in their heroic sons, and suggests that already at an early date the theme was the object not merely of passive reception but of an active consciousness. TheEoiai, indeed, saw such unions as an integral part of an earlier and better age, when mortals and immortals were closer:ξυναὶ γὰρ τότε δαῖτες ἔσαν, ξυνοὶ δὲ θόωκοιἀθανάτων τε θεῶν καταθνητοῖς τ' ἀνθρώπων(fr. 1 Μ–W)But it was not to be supposed that such a potentially rich theme would receive a unitary treatment. Already in their first appearances – at least, the first appearances for us – many individual stories are clearly distinguished by their different circumstances. A common variable is the existence, the kind and the degree of difficulty experienced by the woman as a result of the encounter. Polymele, for instance, mother of Eudorus by Hermes atIliad16.179–92, has seemingly no difficulty in leaving her child to be brought up by her father while she goes on to marry a mortal husband. But suffering of some sort is perhaps more usual, and famous sufferers include Cassandra, punished for spurning Apollo's advances; Danae, first imprisoned by her father in a brazen tower to prevent her pregnancy, and then locked in a chest with her baby and set afloat on the waves; and Semele, destroyed when her lover Zeus appeared to her in his true form. Such different experiences could suggest further multiple versions of the same general theme, diverging especially in the consequences of the union (or attempted union) for the mortal partner. Even the same characters could potentially undergo quite different variants of the story; the chief constant is the unfailing popularity of the mythical motif.

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Oliveira, Alexandra, and Marie-Louise Janssen. "Introduction: Special section ‘female clients of commercial sex’." Sexualities 24, no. 4 (June 2021): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13634607211025851.

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In this introduction to the special section ‘female clients of commercial sex’, we start by an overview of the early interest in research on male clients of commercial sex and the tendency to criminalize and pathologize them. Then, we will question and discuss the lack of interest and the difficulties of researching women clients. Subsequently, we will look at the literature investigating women paying for sex to better understand and situate the research included in this section. After that, we will examine the contributions of the articles included in this special section and finish by reflecting on the meaning of this issue for future research on sex work.

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Ebest, Sally Barr. "The ‘Wrongs’ of Women: Sex and Sexuality in Irish American Women's Writing." Women: A Cultural Review 27, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 20–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09574042.2015.1122483.

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Шарифулин, Эльдар, Eldar Sharifulin, Махарам Шарифулин, Makharam Sharifulin, Лариса Сутурина, and Larisa Suturina. "ENDOMETRIAL MARKERS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (A LITERATURE REVIEW)." Acta biomedica scientifica 2, no. 5 (January 18, 2018): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a3a0d6a897224.40594850.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women and has a significant impact on various aspects of their health and the quality of life. The epidemiology of PCOS is well understood, while the preva- lence of this syndrome depends on diagnostic criteria used, the characteristics of the population sample, and vary from 6–10 % to 15 % and higher. A number of studies suggest that the endometrium in women with PCOS differs from the normal endometrium morphologically and functionally. PCOS is associated with infertility problems, higher incidence of pregnancy complications and with increased risk of endometrial cancer, especially when obesity is present. The purpose of this review was to systematize the available data on molecular markers of endometrial pathology as- sociated with PCOS. The information search was conducted using Internet resources (PubMed, EMBASE); literature sources for the period 1992–2016 were analyzed. Although the available information on the pathology of the endometrium is inconsistent, as a result of the analysis of published data, several mechanisms of endometrial disorders characteristic of PCOS have been identified: changes of hormonal effects (changes in hormone receptor expression, HOXA gene expression, changes in the synthesis of sex hormone binding globulin, enzymes involved in the metabolism of sex hormones in situ in the endometrium), hyperinsulinemia and disturbance of the glucose transport system, ratio of proinflammatory and anti- inflammatory factors. Authors conclude that the majority of analyzed studies report an increased prevalence of histologically confirmed hyperplasia or endometrial cancer in women with PCOS. However, there are no clinical guidelines and approaches to prognosis of endometrial changes women with PCOS. It is still unclear if endometrial biopsy is necessary for all women with PCOS. The clinical significance of endometrial markers requires further investigation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Women in rabbinical literature. Sex'

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