Academic literature on the topic 'Women lawyers – United States – Biography'
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Journal articles on the topic "Women lawyers – United States – Biography"
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Robinson, Lelia J. "Women Lawyers in the United States." Legal Reference Services Quarterly 8, no. 1-2 (1988): 297–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j113v08n01_12.
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Epstein and Kolker. "The Impact of the Economic Downturn on Women Lawyers in the United States." Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 20, no. 2 (2013): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/indjglolegstu.20.2.1169.
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Hoff-Wilson, Joan. "Women and the Constitution." News for Teachers of Political Science 46 (1985): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0197901900001811.
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Since the drafting of the federal Constitution in 1787, the legal status of women in the United States has passed through four distinct phases and is on the brink of entering a fifth one. In this two-hundred-year period, there has been more change in the last twenty years than in the previous onehundred- and-eighty. Yet, a decade and a half ago scholarly classes about women and the Constitution could not be taught because too little primary research had been conducted in either the new social history with its subfield of women or the latest version of the new legal history with its subfield of sex discrimination.Both subfields reflect the increased interest of historians and lawyers in interdisciplinary research techniques developed in this country and abroad since the 1960s.
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Anleu, Sharyn L. Roach. "Recruitment Practice and Women Lawyers' Employment: An Examination of In-House Legal Departments in the United States." Sociology 26, no. 4 (1992): 651–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038592026004007.
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Blanck, Peter, Fitore Hyseni, and Fatma Altunkol Wise. "Diversity and Inclusion in the American Legal Profession: Discrimination and Bias Reported by Lawyers with Disabilities and Lawyers Who Identify as LGBTQ+." American Journal of Law & Medicine 47, no. 1 (2021): 9–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/amj.2021.1.
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AbstractPurposeThis article is part of an ongoing body of investigation examining the experiences of lawyers with diverse and multiple minority identities, with particular focus on lawyers with disabilities; lawyers who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (“LGBTQ+” as an overarching term); and lawyers with minority identities associated with race and ethnicity, gender, and age. The focus of this article is on discrimination and bias in their workplaces as reported by the lawyers experiencing it.MethodsWe employ survey data from the first phase of this investigation, gathered from the survey responses of 3590 lawyers located across all states in the United States and working in most types and sizes of legal venues. The data were collected between 2018 and 2019, before the 2020 pandemic. We estimate differences across three categories of discrimination reported—subtle-only discrimination, overt-only discrimination, and both subtle and overt discrimination. We estimate the nature and magnitude of associations among individual and organizational variables, and we use multinomial logistic regression to illustrate relative risks of reports of discrimination for intersecting identities.ResultsAs compared to non-disabled lawyers, lawyers with disabilities show a higher likelihood of reporting both subtle and overt discrimination versus no discrimination. Similarly, lawyers who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (“LGBQ”) show a higher likelihood of reporting both subtle and overtdiscrimination, and subtle-only discrimination, as compared to lawyers who identify as straight/heterosexual. Women lawyers and lawyers of color are more likely to report all three types of discrimination. In general, younger lawyers are more likely to report subtle-only discrimination when compared to older lawyers. Lawyers working at a private firm are less likely to report all types of discrimination, while working for a larger organization is associated with a higher relative risk of reporting subtle-only discrimination versus no discrimination.ConclusionsThe current study represents a next, incremental step for better understanding non-monochromatic and intersectional aspects of individual identity in the legal profession. The findings illustrate that primary individual and multiple minority identities, as identified by disability, sexual orientation, gender, race/ethnicity, and age, are associated with reports of discrimination and bias in the legal workplace.
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Berry, Moulouk. "Divorce in an Islamic American Context: Muslim Lebanese-American Women Navigating Religious and Civil Legal Systems." Hawwa 8, no. 1 (2010): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920810x504522.
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AbstractThis essay discusses divorce and Islamic law in the United States. Specifically, it examines the Shi‘i Muslim Lebanese-American community in Detroit, Michigan, and the way different actors such as women, local imams, judges, and lawyers are working to bridge the differences that exist between secular and religious laws in issues pertaining to divorce and the concomitant complexities involved. In particular, the essay highlights the contingent character of Islam, and the ways in which Muslim-Americans are working to navigate the nuances and find innovative legal solutions for marriage and divorce that take into consideration American civil law, Islamic law, the ethnic Lebanese subculture of the Lebanese Shi‘i community as well as the wider American culture.
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Rincker, Meg, Ghazia Aslam, and Mujtaba Isani. "Crossed my mind, but ruled it out: Political ambition and gender in the Pakistani Lawyers’ Movement 2007–2009." International Political Science Review 38, no. 3 (2016): 246–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512116642219.
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Exploration of gender and political ambition is a crucial endeavor in liberal democracies like the United States and in electoral democracies with unstable political rights and civil liberties. We use a mixed-methods approach to conduct a political ambition survey of participants in the 2007–2009 Pakistani Lawyers’ Movement. We tested eight hypotheses about gender and participation in the movement, whether participants considered running for office (nascent ambition), or have taken steps to run (expressive ambition). Contrary to US findings, among eligible males and females in Pakistan, our logit analysis shows that gender is not significant in explaining nascent ambition among men and women. Running for office has equally crossed women’s minds because of female executive role models and women’s reserved parliamentary seats. However, elite Pakistani women have lower levels of expressive ambition owing to higher costs women face when challenging informal norms about political participation.
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Kunieda, Mari. "Umeko Tsuda: a Pioneer in Higher Education for Women in Japan." Espacio, Tiempo y Educación 7, no. 2 (2020): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.313.
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This article explores the life and achievements of Umeko Tsuda, who played a pioneering role in higher education for women in Japan in the early twentieth century. In 1871, the Japanese government sent five girls to the United States to study. They were expected to become models for Japanese women when they returned. Six-year-old Umeko Tsuda was the youngest among them, and she remained in the United States for eleven years until she had graduated from high school. We trace her steps historically in order to highlight the experiences which drove her to work to raise women’s status in Japan. The first biography of her, by Toshikazu Yoshikawa, was reviewed by Umeko herself, and in the years since other researchers have analysed Umeko’s life from various viewpoints. Umeko’s writings, speeches, and correspondence with her American host family and friends also reveal her thoughts. As an early female returnee, Umeko developed her ideas of what schools for women should be like. With the moral and financial support of close American and Japanese friends, Umeko started her ideal school in 1900 with only ten students. This Tokyo school was the first private institution for higher education for women in Japan. Thus, Umeko’s determination to help Japanese women become more educated and happier was the foundation of Tsuda University, now offering BAs, MAs, and PhDs in a variety of programmes in Tokyo.
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Batlan, Felice. "Déjà Vu and the Gendered Origins of the Practice of Immigration Law: The Immigrants’ Protective League, 1907–40." Law and History Review 36, no. 4 (2018): 713–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248018000469.
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Donald Trump's administration has provoked crisis after crisis regarding the United States’ immigration policy, laws, and their enforcement. This has affected millions of immigrants in the U.S. and those hoping to immigrate. Stemming from this, immigration lawyers are providing extraordinary amounts of direct pro bono legal services to immigrants in need. Yet the history of the practice of immigration law has been largely understudied. This article closely examines Chicago's Immigrants’ Protective League between 1910 and 1940. The League provided free counsel to tens of thousands of poor immigrants facing a multitude of immigration-related legal issues during a time when Congress passed increasingly strict immigration laws. The League, always headed by women social workers, created a robust model of immigration advocacy at a time when only a handful of women were professionally trained lawyers. The League's archival documents, manifests how Trump's immigration policies have a long and painful history. U.S. immigration law and its enforcement have consistently been cruel, inhumane, arbitrary, and capricious. Told from the ground up and focusing upon the day-to-day problems that immigrants brought to the League, one dramatically sees how immigration laws and practices were like quicksand, thwarting the legitimate expectations of migrants. The League, in response, participated in creating what would become the practice of immigration law, engaging, and quickly responding to changing laws, rules, policies, and the needs of migrants.
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Alva, Inmaculada. "Mujeres abriendo camino en la universidad: el proyecto de Eugenie A. Leonard en Estados Unidos = Women Opening Way at the University: Eugenie A. Leonard’s Project in United States." CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades 22, no. 1 (2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cian.2019.4801.
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Resumen: Eugenie A. Leonard (1888-1980) es una destacada pero desconocida figura. Profesora de Educación en la Universidad de Syracusa y en The Catholic University of America (Washington), trabajó también en ambas instituciones como Decana de Mujeres. Desde ese cargo desarrolló un programa que facilitaba el alojamiento de las mujeres y su integración en la vida universitaria en igualdad de oportunidades con los hombres. Sin embargo, sus aportaciones han pasado muy desapercibidas y no existe ningún tipo de estudio biográfico sobre ella. Es interesante analizar su trayectoria académica y su aportación a los Women’s Studies.Palabras clave: universidades, Estados Unidos, siglo XX, mujeres, igualdad.Abstract: Eugenie A. Leonard (1888-1980) was a relevant but unknown figure. Professor of Education at Syracuse University and The Catholic University of America (Washington). Besides, she also works as Dean of Women. She developed a program in order to facilitate the women housing and their integration at the university looking equality of opportunities with the men. However, her works are unknown. It does not exist one biography about her. It is interesting to analyze her academic trajectory and her writings about Women’s Studies.Keywords: universities, United States, 20th Century, women, equality.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women lawyers – United States – Biography"
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Hubbs, Holly J. "American women saxophonists from 1870-1930 : their careers and repertoire." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1259304.
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The late nineteenth century was a time of great change for women's roles in music. Whereas in 1870, women played primarily harp or piano, by 1900 there were all-woman orchestras. During the late nineteenth century, women began to perform on instruments that were not standard for them, such as cornet, trombone, and saxophone. The achievements of early female saxophonists scarcely have been mentioned in accounts of saxophone history. This study gathers scattered and previously unpublished information about the careers and repertoire of American female saxophonists from 1870-1930 into one reference source.The introduction presents a brief background on women's place in music around 1900 and explains the study's organization. Chapter two presents material on saxophone history and provides an introduction to the Chautauqua, lyceum, and vaudeville circuits. Chapter three contains biographical entries for forty-four women saxophonists from 1870-1930. Then follows in Chapter four a discussion of the saxophonists' repertoire. Parlor, religious, and minstrel songs are examined, as are waltz, fox-trot, and ragtime pieces. Discussion of music of a more "classical" nature concludes this section. Two appendixes are included--the first, a complete alphabetical list of the names of early female saxophonists and the ensembles with which they played; the second, an alphabetical list of representative pieces played by the women.The results of this study indicate that a significant number of women became successful professional saxophonists between 1870-1930. Many were famous on a local level, and some toured extensively while performing on Chautauqua, lyceum, and vaudeville circuits. Some ended their performing careers after becoming wives and mothers, but some continued to perform with all-woman swing bands during the 1930s and 40s.The musical repertoire played by women saxophonists from 1870-1930 reflects the dichotomy of cultivated and vernacular music. Some acts chose to use popular music as a drawing card by performing ragtime, fox-trot, waltz, and other dance styles. Other acts presented music from the more cultivated classical tradition, such as opera transcriptions or original French works for saxophone (by composers such as Claude Debussy). Most women, however, performed a mixture of light classics, along with crowd-pleasing popular songs.School of Music
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Wong, Sui-sum Grace, and 黃瑞琛. "Conceptualizing transnationalism and transculturalilsm in Chinese American women narratives and memoirs: JadeSnow Wong, Ruthanne Lum McCunn, and Amy Tan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227983.
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Wannenburg, Nicola. "A psychobiographical study of Temple Grandin." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/57358.
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Psychobiographical researchers methodically formulate life histories and interpret them by means of psychological theories. The research typically focuses on exemplary and completed lives. The cases that are studied are usually of individuals who are of particular interest to society as a result of excelling in their particular fields, be they to benefit or detriment of society. Temple Grandin was chosen for this study using purposive sampling as she meets the psychobiographical requirement of being an extraordinary individual. As an individual with autism Grandin faced many challenges growing up. Despite a difficult and absent beginning, Grandin developed into a stable and scientifically creative adult who contributes to society. She excels as an animal scientist and designer of humane livestock handling facilities and has an international reputation for her contribution to the livestock industry and animal welfare. The primary aim of this study is to describe and interpret the life of Temple Grandin through Erikson’s (1950/1973) theory of psychosocial development. A mixed method approach (Yin, 2006) was employed for the conduction of this study. The overarching data processing and analysis guidelines for this study were provided by Miles and Huberman (1994, 2002a, 2002b). The conduction of the processing and analysis of data was aided by Alexander’s (1988, 1990) method of asking the data questions as well as an integration of Yin’s (2014) time series analysis with Erikson’s (1950/1973) triple bookkeeping approach. This study contributes to the development of psychobiographical research in South Africa as well as to personality and developmental theory.
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Kuntz, Katherine. "Toward a religion of humanity : Frances Wright's crusade for republican values." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074540.
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Frances Wright attempted to reform America between 1825 and 1839. Her activities were unlike any other for a woman of her time. In public lectures to audiences of men and women throughout the East and Midwest, she spoke on the evils of orthodox religion and advocated abolition, equal rights, and universal education for all people regardless of gender or class. In both action and thought, she challenged all notions of nineteenth-century womanhood. Wright's public career helps illuminate the history of antebellum American reform because it reflects the ferment and range of such activity.This study will demonstrate that ideology as a category of study is useful when examining nineteenth-century women in several interrelated contexts. Unlike previous studies examining her as a women's rights advocate, however, this is not a feminist interpretation. Wright's significance as a humanitarian is much larger than any emphasis she gave to women in her rhetoric. Part of her motivation, like her sisters in benevolence reform, involved Christianity and orthodox religion. But unlike most women of her time, Wright believed religion prevented the realization of republican values -- in particular, equality -- because the clergy perpetuated elements of theology scientific methods could not prove true. Intellectual development and social improvement could not occur, she boldly asserted, until Americans threw off religion's blanket of ignorance. Most Americans rejected Wright's denunciations of religion and calls for equality, but to some her message rang true. Her rhetoric planted in progressive women concepts about religious constraints on females and the possibilities of egalitarianism. These individuals would become leaders in the women's rights movement during the final decades of the century.Department of History
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Blanshay, Susan. "Jessie Sampter : a pioneer feminist in American zionism." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23708.
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Life for nineteenth century American women was full of restrictions and limitations. Frowned upon or simply not permitted to enter "male" spheres of activity such as professions, business and politics, many middle class women turned to philanthropy and reform work as the sole acceptable outlet for their energy, talents, and time. American Jews of German descent adopted the "Victorian ideal of womanhood" popular in the United States at this time, propelling many German-Jewish women to engage in charitable Zionist activity despite the general lack of support for Zionism in America earlier in this century. Among this group of bourgeois German-Jewish women involved in American Zionism was a poet, Jessie Ethel Sampter, whose contributions to the movement far exceeded those of the norm. Despite her limited Jewish education and upbringing, and extreme physical limitations, Sampter emerged as a pioneer feminist and Zionist, both in America and in her adopted country, Palestine.
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Westerfield, Jane R. "An investigation of the life styles and performance of three singer-comediennes of American vaudeville : Eva Tanguay, Nora Bayes and Sophie Tucker." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/515977.
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In the early days of the twentieth century when vaudeville was the most popular theatrical entertainment in America, there were a number of female singers who became its star performers. In the process of conducting preliminary research for a dissertation topic on female singers of this era, it quickly became evident that while much has been written about opera singers of that era, only limited material was available on female vaudeville singers. Furthermore, the small amount of information which was available was so randomly scattered among various sources that it was difficult to perceive a composite picture of these performers.The purpose of this investigation into the musical styles and repertoire of three great female singer-comediennes of early vaudeville--Eva Tanguay, Nora Bayes and Sophie Tucker--is to determine what the reasons were for their tremendous popularity. Because vaudeville was the prime source of entertainment before the days of mass media, the American public was quick to make stars of many of its performers. This study seeks to ascertain what it was about thesewomen's particular musical styles, repertoire and personalities which made them so interesting and caused the public to make them vaudeville stars. Though there are certainly other female singers of this period which are also of interest:, these three were chosen because they were unique.This study is presented as a series of articles with separate chapters devoted to Eva Tanguay, Nora Bayes and Sophie Tucker as individuals. These chapters include biographical material, especially from books about vaudeville performers, and also explore critical reviews and other reports on their work from such sources as "Variety," "Theatre Magazine," and various newspaper accounts. Analysis of these sources on each individual within the chapters is included as well. The final chapter contains a summary of the research and a discussion of what conclusions were reached about the musical styles and repertoire of Eva Tanguay, Nora Bayes and Sophie Tucker as a result of this investigation.In addition to discovering the reasons for these performers' popularity and appeal, it is hoped that a viable by-product of this research has been to arouse renewed public interest in these three fascinating ladies of early vaudeville.
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Housel, Rebecca Anne Languages & Linguistics Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "My truth: women speak cancer." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40732.
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1) My Truth: Women Speak Cancer is a creative nonfiction based on three years of interviews with twelve survivors told through the lens of the author's experience as a three-time, sixteen-year survivor of multiple cancers. Each chapter features a different survivor and her story; the cancers discussed include non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Osteosarcoma, Melanoma, as well as brain, ovarian, breast, and thyroid cancers. Current definitions, treatments and statistics are included at the end of each chapter. The book ends with a comprehensive After Words, combining poetry and prose, taking the reader on a further journey of introspection on life, love, friendship, and loss. 2) The Narrative of Pathogynography is a critical exegesis using established theory in the fields of creative writing, sociology, ethnography, literature, and medicine to examine and further define the sub genre of the theoria, poiesis and praxis involved in creating women's illness narrative, or what Housel terms, pathogynography. Housel develops original terminology to define yet undiscovered spaces based on her work in My Truth: Women Speak Cancer.
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Lecaudey, Hélène. "Behind the mask: another perspective on the slavewomen's oral narratives." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43902.
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In the last twenty years, studies in Afro-American slavery have given special attention to the slave community and culture. They have emphasized the slaves' control over their lives, while glossing over the brutality of the institution of slavery. Slave women have been ignored until very recently, and those few historians who studied their lives have applied the same categories of inquiry used by traditional historians with a male perspective. The topic of interracial sexual relations crystallizes this problem. This issue has been left aside in most scholarly studies and, when mentioned, addressed more often than not from a male perspective. As sexual abuse, it exemplifies the harshness of slavery.
The oral slave narratives, often referred to by the same historians, are one of the few primary sources by and on slave women. Yet, historians have not used them adequately in research on slave women, primarily because of inadequate conceptual frameworks.Master of Arts
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Roddy, Rhonda Kay. "In search of the self: An analysis of Incidents in the life of a slave girl by Harriet Ann Jacobs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2262.
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In her bibliography, Incidents in the life of a Salve Girl, Harriet Ann Jacobs appropriates the autobiographical "I" in order to tell her own story of slavery and talk back to the dominant culture that enslaves her. Through analysis and explication of the text, this thesis examines Jacobs' rhetorical and psyshological evolution from slave to self as she struggles against patriarchal power that would rob her of her identity as well as her freedom. Included in the discussion is an analysis of the concept of self in western plilosophy, an overview of american autobiography prior to the publication of Jacobs' narrative, a discussion of the history of the slave narrative as a genre, and a discussion of the history of Jacobs' narrative.
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Mayo-Bobee, Dinah. "Book Review of Martha Jefferson Randolph, Daughter of Monticello: Her Life and Times by Cynthia A. Kierner." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/724.
Full textBooks on the topic "Women lawyers – United States – Biography"
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Belva Lockwood: Equal rights pioneer. Twenty-First Century Books, 2009.
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Norgren, Jill. Belva Lockwood: Equal rights pioneer. Twenty-First Century Books, 2009.
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Inadmissible evidence: The story of the African-American trial lawyer who defended the Black Liberation Army. Lawrence Hill Books, 1993.
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Sandra Day O'Connor: Lawyer and Supreme Court justice. Ferguson Pub. Co., 2000.
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Williams, Jean Kinney. Sandra Day O'Connor: Lawyer and Supreme Court justice. Ferguson Pub. Co., 2000.
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Jones, Mary Gardiner. Tearing down walls: A woman's triumph. Hamilton Books, 2008.
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1914-, Roundtree Dovey Johnson, ed. Justice older than the law: The life of Dovey Johnson Roundtree. University Press of Mississippi, 2009.
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Jeffrey, Laura S. Barbara Jordan: Congresswoman, lawyer, educator. Enslow Publishers, 1997.
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Hill, Anita. Speaking truth to power. Doubleday, 1998.
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Speaking truth to power. Doubleday, 1997.
Book chapters on the topic "Women lawyers – United States – Biography"
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Mecklenburg, Frank. "The Occupation of Women Emigrés: Women Lawyers in the United States." In Between Sorrow and Strength. Cambridge University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139052627.022.
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Neier, Aryeh. "The Worldwide Movement." In The International Human Rights Movement. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691200989.003.0010.
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This chapter discusses organizations that are active in the field of human rights, which make distinctive contributions by focusing on abuses of rights in a particular country or locality. It describes how global organizations address violations of rights suffered by discrete segments of the population, such as gays and lesbians, indigenous peoples, women, members of racial, religious or ethnic minorities, or persons suffering from mental or physical disabilities. The chapter talks about Louis Henkin, a professor of law at Columbia University, who was long regarded as the preeminent American scholar in the human rights field. It mentions the Lawyers Committee, which enlisted hundreds of American lawyers to provide free legal representation to applicants for asylum in the United States in immigration proceedings. It also illustrates the Lawyers Committee's campaign that aid lawyers in other countries who were persecuted for defending human rights.
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Hachad, Naïma. "Visual, Cultural, and Geopolitical Thresholds in Lalla Essaydi’s Depiction of Moroccan Women." In Revisionary Narratives. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620221.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 offers analyses of several images from Lalla Essaydi’s photographic series Converging Territories (2004), Les Femmes du Maroc (2006-2008), and Harem (2009), in which she exclusively depicts women from Morocco or the Moroccan diaspora. The chapter focuses on the feminist transnational discourse that emerges from Essaydi’s inscription of her biography—more specifically her experience growing up in a harem and living as an adult woman in Saudi Arabia and the United States—and her training in Western art. The chapter is structured around a set of key questions. Does Essaydi’s juxtaposition of Orientalist tropes and poses from canonical nineteenth-century European Orientalist paintings with the veil, calligraphy, henna tattoos, and Moroccan architecture disrupt or reinforce stereotypes in the depiction of Arab and Muslim women? Can Essaydi’s hybrid language be read as a form of feminist ‘double critique’ that resists Western and Islamic patriarchy? How do Essaydi’s images intervene in relation to the transnational and transcultural discourse and positioning of the ‘Muslimwoman’? What is the economy between the transnational, transglobal and translocal, and the simply local in Essaydi’s images? How do Essaydi’s photographs contribute to the critical (re)thinking of gender in the context of globalization?
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Wolf, Stacy. "Backstage Divas." In Beyond Broadway. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190639525.003.0003.
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Many towns in the United States play host to afterschool musical theatre programs for children. Typically, these programs are directed by women who become well known in their communities and powerful figures in the lives of the children they teach. This chapter calls this figure a “backstage diva.” She is the female musical theatre director who runs afterschool and summer pay-to-play programs, teaching kids dance and theatre by directing them in several shows a year. This familiar figure is a disciplined leader and powerful mentor who, though invisible in theatre history, teaches musical theatre–obsessed kids to sing and dance and act and shapes them into triple-threat performers. This chapter begin with a brief biography of a backstage diva, including how she built her business. It then offers a history of musical theatre studios in the United States. The bulk of the chapter follows the working process of a backstage diva in northern California from auditions through rehearsals and performance. Finally, it explains her legacy and what kids say they learned from her.
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Jabour, Anya. "“A Woman’s Work” and “The Work of the World”." In Sophonisba Breckinridge. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042676.003.0001.
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The Introduction discusses how examining Breckinridge’s life work offers new insight into feminist activism in twentieth-century America. A careful study of Breckinridge’s life and work significantly reshapes our understanding of both the chronology and the contours of U.S. feminism, requiring us to acknowledge the continuity of feminist activism across the Progressive era and the New Deal, rethink the notion of feminist leadership, reevaluate academic endeavors as central to American activism, and recognize the diversity and the interrelatedness of the many issues that women considered “feminist” in modern America. By foregrounding the life and work of this forgotten feminist, my biography of Breckinridge presents a more complete--and more complex--story of women’s activism in modern America. Breckinridge’s lifelong commitment to social activism illuminates American women’s participation in the struggle for social justice both in the United States and beyond its borders.