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Lamichhane, Khim Bahadur, Asis De, PK Chakraborty, Brijesh Sathian, Sonu H. Subba, and Sabine Jovanovic. "Psychosocial Study of Depression Amongst Women in Western Region of Nepal." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2013): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v3i4.7777.
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Background In Nepal, 1 - 2 % of the population suffers from severe mental illness, 5 % from moderate mental problems, while 20 - 30 % of all the patients coming to health institutions have some problems related to mental illness. Aims The aim of the study was to describe the socio-demographic profile and problems of the female patients with depression attending psychiatry OPD of Western Regional Hospital & Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara Settings and Design The study was carried out in the Out Patient Department of Psychiatry at Manipal Teaching Hospital and Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara, from May 2005 to April 2006. Material and Method Cohort data of 50 patients from MTH and 50 patients from WRH were collected. The screening criteria for cases for inclusion in the study were as follows: Female patients with headache, mental tension, feeling of hopelessness and persisted sadness in women with abnormal behavior. The diagnosis and management of all the cases were done by the Psychiatrists and doctors of MTH and WRH. The primary source of data was interview of the patients, their relatives and doctors and observation by the study group Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS, version 16, statistical analysis program (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). Results 71.51% female patients and 48.29% male patients visited psychiatry OPD at MTH during the study period. Likewise, compare to male patients (47.5%), female patients (52.5%) were higher in WRH during the study period. Most of the women in depression were in productive age group in both the hospitals ; 42% between 21-30 yrs followed by 33% in 31- 40yrs, 16% in 41-50yrs and 4% in 51-60 yrs . 17% women were service holder in different fields, 39% were housewives, 7% in Business, 33% were working in Agriculture / laborer and 4% were in miscellaneous fields. Conclusion Higher caste women suffered more from depression and incidence is more in rural than in urban areas. Due to lack of awareness, most of the mental disorders go unreported. Sociological intervention in needed for the treatment of mental health problems. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v3i4.7777 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.3(4) 2012 pp.39-46
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Mapayi, Boladale, Afolabi B. Abiodun, Julianah T. Mosanya, and Adeleye A. Adeomi. "The relationship between intimate partner violence and postpartum depression in Osogbo, Nigeria." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 10 (2018): 3911. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184113.
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Background: Postpartum depression is the most prevalent postpartum mental health problem. Risk factors for postpartum depression include psychosocial stressors. One of these psychosocial stressors could be intimate partner violence. Co-occurrence of intimate partner violence and postpartum depression is considered deadly co morbidity because it can increase the risk of homicide and suicide. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between intimate partner violence and depression among postnatal women attending postnatal and infant welfare clinics of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 postpartum women who attended postnatal and infant welfare clinics of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital in Osogbo using Composite Abuse Scale (CAS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Socio-demographic questionnaire. Respondents that were found to be EPDS positive as well as 10% of EPDS negative respondents were further assessed with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) (depression subscale) to diagnose depression.Results: Respondents that experienced intimate partner violence were five times as likely to have postpartum depression compared to those that did not experience IPV. Logistic regression showed that intimate partner violence independently predicted postpartum depression in respondents (OR 4.799, CI 1.844-12.493).Conclusions: Postpartum depression was significantly higher among women that experienced intimate partner violence. This observation has implications for mental health of women, therefore, any woman with suspected postpartum depression should be asked about IPV as this could be a pointer to IPV.
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Palma-Vasquez, Claudia, Diego Carrasco, and Julio C. Hernando-Rodriguez. "Mental Health of Teachers Who Have Teleworked Due to COVID-19." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 11, no. 2 (2021): 515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020037.
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education included school closures and the implementation of virtual teaching and teleworking without the knowledge or resources needed to do so. This situation accentuated the inequality in accessing quality education and generated high rates of stress, anxiety, and general discomfort in teachers. This study aimed to explore the mental health of teachers who were forced to telework because of COVID-19, and to analyze the association with sociodemographic, teacher-related, and working conditions. The sample was 278 classroom teachers in Chile who teleworked more than 50% during the 2020 academic year. The participants were mostly women (82%) who entered the teaching profession at age 30 or younger (87%) and worked two or more unpaid overtime hours per day (67%). The dependent variable was mental health measured through the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The independent variables were sociodemographic, teacher-related, and work conditions. The internal structure of the mental health construct was evaluated using the Rasch model. Crude odds ratios (cORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were estimated using logistic regression models. A high rate of poor mental health was identified in teachers (58%). The variables associated with poor mental health were working in a private–subsidized school (aOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.16–7.22), working two or more unpaid overtime hours (aOR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.11–4.59), and being absent due to sickness (aOR = 3.82; 95% CI: 1.53–9.58). These results provide evidence suggesting the need for actions to improve the working conditions of teachers who telework in order to improve their mental health, and thus have a positive impact on the entire educational community.
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Bhandari, Sunita, Yam Dwa, Smrity Maskey, Manisha Bajracharya, and Minaxi Thakur. "An Overview of Comprehensive Abortion Care at Tertiary care Teaching Hospital." Nepalese Medical Journal 2, no. 1 (2019): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v2i1.24051.
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Introduction: With the beginning of comprehensive abortion care service in Nepal, since 2004, safe abortion services in the first trimester are available in all 75 district hospitals of Nepal. Nepal has expanded comprehensive abortion care into the second trimester in 2007. This study tries to investigate the reasons for using comprehensive abortion care service and to know the post-abortion contraceptive acceptance among women presenting at first and second trimester of gestation.Materials and Methods: This hospital-based prospective study was conducted among women seeking comprehensive abortion care service at first and second trimester of gestation in the outpatient department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from July 2017 to July 2018. Data collection was done by filling proforma and was analyzed.Results: There were a total of 171 clients, out of which 78.95% (n=135) were in the first trimester and 21.05% (n=36) in the second trimester of pregnancy. The reason in the first trimester was completed family (39.25%) and the main reason for the second trimester was maternal mental health (48.71%). Among the total study population, 16.37% (n=28) accepted contraception. The most common accepted contraceptive method was implant (n=14; 8.1%), followed by inj. depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (n=8; 4.6%).Conclusions: The prevalence of second-trimester abortion is high despite the availability of first-trimester comprehensive abortion care service. The main reason for induced abortion in first trimester was completed family and in second-trimester was maternal mental health. Post-abortion contraceptive acceptance among comprehensive abortion care clients was very low.
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Annesley, Phyllis, Leonie Davison, Chris Colley, Liz Gilley, and Louise Thomson. "Developing and evaluating interventions for women firesetters in high secure mental healthcare." Journal of Forensic Practice 19, no. 1 (2017): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-12-2015-0054.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implementation and evaluation of interventions for women firesetters in high secure mental healthcare at the UK’s National Women’s Service. Design/methodology/approach Two types of Arson treatment programmes for women, one delivered to individuals, the other within a group context, were developed, delivered and evaluated. The evaluation incorporated qualitative and quantitative data, including psychometric measures. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings The evaluation evidenced very high engagement with and attendance at treatment programmes, and several post-treatment gains. Participants’ ratings of programmes and qualitative feedback were similarly very positive. The study demonstrated that engaging women firesetters in their treatment is paramount and can be facilitated by consistent boundaries around therapy provision balanced with sensitivity, empathy and flexibility; providing interactive and varied teaching methods; ongoing service user involvement and recognising participants’ achievements; employing a mixed cognitive analytic therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy therapeutic approach; having input from fire service staff; and maintaining organisational support for firesetting interventions. Practical implications In all, 12 key recommendations are made for clinicians considering offering treatment programmes for women firesetters. Originality/value Amid few published papers on treating women firesetters this paper guides forensic clinicians in establishing and delivering interventions for women firesetters.
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Leroy, Lígia da Silva, and Maria Helena Baena de Moraes Lopes. "Urinary incontinence in the puerperium and its impact on the health-related quality of life." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 20, no. 2 (2012): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692012000200018.
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This case-control study evaluated whether UI in the puerperium compromises the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and if so, in which aspects. The study included 344 women (77 case group and 267 control group) up to 90 days postpartum, who were attended the Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic of a public teaching hospital, for the postpartum follow up consultation. A socio-demographic and clinical data questionnaire formulated and validated for the study, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short-Form (ICIQ-SF), the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) and the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), were applied. The mean score of the ICIQ-SF was 13.9 (SD: 3.7). The case group presented high mean scores in the domains Impact of the Incontinence, Emotions, Daily Activity Limitations and Physical Limitations, of the KHQ. The groups differed significantly in the domains Physical Aspects, Pain, General Health Status, Vitality, Social Aspects and Mental Health of the SF-36. It is concluded that UI significantly affects the physical and mental health of puerperae.
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Kolb, Alexandra, and Sophia Kalogeropoulou. "In Defence of Ballet: Women, Agency and the Philosophy of Pleasure." Dance Research 30, no. 2 (2012): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drs.2012.0042.
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This article offers a novel approach to conceptualising ballet practice as a leisurely activity that exudes pleasure. It argues that the notion of pleasure in ballet has been neglected in scholarly research which criticises ballet for its negative impact on the physical and mental health of dancers, its authoritarian teaching methods and its trivial aesthetic that objectifies the female body and perpetuates the construction of stereotypical gender roles within a patriarchal society. This study focuses on the lived experiences of female amateur ballet participants, emphasising their agency. It provides first-hand accounts to illuminate the significance of ballet in women dancers’ personal growth, development and psychological wellbeing, drawing on sociologist Roger Caillois's categorisation of pleasures involved in games and play. Overall, the article highlights the multiple types of pleasure associated with ballet dancing as a key motivational factor and rationale for participation.
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Peterson, Candida C., Lesley C. Hall, and James L. Peterson. "Age, Sex, and Contact with Elderly Adults as Predictors of Knowledge about Psychological Aging." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 26, no. 2 (1988): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/eux3-k0qh-xu0e-1yae.
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Using an instrument developed in the United States to assess students' knowledge of mental health in old age, the present study tested 179 Australian undergraduates who varied in age, sex, and the frequency of their contact with aged people at home, at work, and in the neighborhood. As predicted, women scored higher than men and scores rose with age and with contact when age was partialed out. Unexpectedly, Australian students averaged two more items correct than the American students for whom the test was developed. Implications for teaching are considered.
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Agustina, Dwi. "Pesantren for elderly: Study of the spiritual empowerment of elderly women in Pondok Sepuh Payaman, Magelang." Simulacra 3, no. 1 (2020): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/sml.v3i1.7356.
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This study aims to determine the spiritual empowerment in Sepuh Payaman Cottage, Magelang. Spiritual empowerment is an effort to reduce the anxiety of the elderly about death. In old age humans are often associated with death that is getting closer. Preparing elderly mental health in the face of death is a basic requirement for the community in addition to physical and social health. In this study used a qualitative method approve case study, with the process of collecting data using interviews and observations. In order to analyze the data we used the disengagement theory of social gerontology. The findings in this study that spiritual empowerment was carried out within 24 hours and framed through ritual and social worship. The teaching pattern is emphasized in lecture-listening and learning by doing. The motivation of the elderly and family support is a driving factor for the elderly, while the decline in physical function is a limiting factor. In the pattern of spiritual empowerment, implications are found including, 1) Obtaining inner peace; 2) Getting closer to God; 3) Increasing the faith of the elderly; 4) Able to read Al-Qur’an; 5) Growing humanity; and 6) Establishment of new relations. The findings of this study can be used as an alternative and answer to reduce the level of anxiety in the elderly related to death.
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Nelson, Tamara, Esteban V. Cardemil, and Camille T. Adeoye. "Rethinking Strength." Psychology of Women Quarterly 40, no. 4 (2016): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684316646716.
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In this qualitative study, we examined perceptions of the strong Black woman (SBW) or superwoman role in a sample of 30 Black women. We found that participants conceptualized the SBW/superwoman role through five characteristics: independent, taking care of family and others, hardworking and high achieving, overcoming adversity, and emotionally contained. Most participants were ambivalent about their relationship with this role, given historical accounts and familial examples of Black women. Many participants appropriated the SBW/superwoman role by redefining it in ways that were more empowering and freeing. Several participants were critical of and rejected the SBW/superwoman role, focusing on its problematic and rigid view of strength. All of these perspectives underscore the importance of increasing awareness of restrictive gendered and racialized role expectations as well as the desire to maintain connections to the cultural legacy of Black women. Several important contextual factors (e.g., social status, family relationships) emerged that are relevant to the identified themes. Results from this study highlight how the discourse of strength and familiarity with the SBW/superwoman role are pervasive among Black women. Our findings underscore the need for practitioners to understand the complexity in how Black women make meaning of this role relative to help seeking for physical and mental health. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ 's website at http://pwq.sagepub.com/supplemental
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Semeniv, Bogdan, Taras Prystavskyi, М. М. Стахів, Olena Gоlubeva, and Julia Sopila. "Influence of varieties of aerobics on the psychophysiological condition of women of the teaching staff." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 3(123) (July 28, 2020): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.3(123).25.
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Ukraine carries out a wide range of measures that create the necessary conditions for work and life, improvement of the external, including industrial, environment, further development of health care. At the same time, human activity by means of physical culture and sports are important factors in improving and strengthening health, which ultimately increases a person's creative activity, his ability to work. Aim of the research - to determine experimentally the effectiveness of the application of aerobics on the psychophysiological state and the special ability of women of the teaching staff. The following research methods were used to achieve the goal: analysis, generalization, systematization of literature sources on the problem of research, questionnaires, surveys, psychophysiological research methods, pedagogical research methods. Results of the research: exercise in classical aerobics contributes to the activation of various structures of the CNS, as a result of which women began to respond more quickly to light signals. Special working capacity increased by 48.5%. Having completed the study of strength aerobics classes in women, there was a significant increase in the potential of cardiohemodynamics. Training complexes of physical exercises in aerobics with the use of various equipment, lead to the activation of different parts of the cerebral cortex, which is expressed in a reduction (approximately 15%) of the visual-motor reaction time, increases (approximately 14.5%) special performance. Under the influence of training on strength training equipment in women, the potential of cardiohemodynamics decreases, and on the other hand, as a result of activation of the cortical structures of the brain, professional efficiency increases. Conclusions. Systematic physical culture and sports normalize the work of almost all organs and systems of the body, increase the psycho-emotional state, physical and mental activity.
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Ojha, Saroj Prasad, A. Pokharel, N. R. Koirala, et al. "PROFILE OF FIRST 100 IN-PATIENTS IN DE-ADDICTION WARD T.U. TEACHING HOSPITAL, NEPAL." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 42, no. 145 (2003): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.714.
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ABSTRACTMen and women suffering from the problems of various psychoactive substance abuse were helped to comeout of the problem by the Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health since it’s establishment in 1986.Since the De-addiction ward started functioning under the Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health,T.U. Teaching Hospital (TUTH) from February, 2000 A.D., people suffering from various drugs relatedproblems have received in-patient care. This study describes the profile of first 100 psychoactive substanceabusers admitted in this ward. The first hundred patients were admitted in a period of 5 months and 2weeks, in an average of 18 patients per month. Eighty eight males, the average age being 33.3+10.98 years.Seventy were married. The average years of education was 8.56+4.94 years. Alcohol (n=58) was the commonestinitial substance, followed by cannabis (n=19) and cigarette (n=11). Currently 60 were predominantly alcoholusers and 36 predominantly opiate users. The majority were multiple substance users: 79 used alcohol, 37used opiates, 25 used cannabis and 18 used benzodiazepines. Age at first use was 19.57+5.54 years andduration of continuous use was 5.88+4.47 years. Eleven (8 males) were HIV ELISA reactive, all of whomwere parenteral opiate abusers. Thirty-nine (35 males) had fatty changes in liver and 6 (all males) hadcirrhotic changes in liver. Those 45 persons with liver abnormality were all alcohol users.Key Words: psychoactive substance, alcohol, opiates, HIV, liver changes.
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Ezekiel, Aaron, C. Okafor Kingsley, J. M. Ijairi, Ayobami A. Mufutau, Steve T. Olaniyan, and Idoko Lucy. "Social Features and Morbidity Patterns of Women with Obstetric Fistulae at an Obstetric Fistula Centre in a University Teaching Hospital in Jos, Nigeria." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (2021): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.4.844.
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Obstetric fistulae are largely preventable surgical conditions. Literature has shown that it is common among the low income, less privileged and marginalized members of the community. It affects mainly the poor, young, illiterate girls, and women in the remote rural areas of the world, where access to emergency obstetric care, family planning services and skilled birth attendants are unavailable. And when available are poorly utilized due to cost, distance, and other challenges. This study seeks to identify the social features and morbidity characteristics of obstetric fistulae in women at the fistula center in Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. This was a descriptive study done in 2019 among all the patients who attended the obstetric fistula Centre at Bingham University Teaching Hospital. An Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used, and it looked at social and health aspects of obstetric fistulae in all 49 patients at the center. Data was analyzed using a computer software; Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. Most of patients had some form of financial support especially from family members, husbands, parents, and friends. Most of the women had their relationships affected. Majority were separated, and relationships strained and had lost financial support from their spouses. Sexual Intercourse was adversely affected. On surgical outcome, 16% became completely dry and leaking had ceased, a third (36.7%) was still leaking urine after the surgery. Almost all the women have had no childbirth after the repair. Women had mental health issues like depression, anxiety, tension headache, fatigue, and suicidal ideation. Participants also had gynaecological morbidities like vulval dermatitis, irregular menstrual flow, abnormal vaginal discharge, and dysuria. These women also had lower abdominal pains, loss of weight, backache, and foot drop. Majority of the children did not survive after the pregnancy that led to the obstetric fistula. Women should seek financial support from family members to avoid delays in seeking help during pregnancy. Communities are encouraged to continue to give moral, emotional, financial, and social support to fistula patients. Healthcare workers should take advantage of the fact that most women attended ANC to educate and enlighten pregnant women on causes, risk factors, social and health consequences of obstetric fistulae. Government should initiate poverty alleviation activities and help reduce out of pocket expenses for healthcare via health insurance.
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Vilella, Salvador Boix, Eva León Zarceño, and Miguel Ángel Serrano Rosa. "Mood, Physical, and Mental Load in Spanish Teachers of Urban School: The Role of Intensive or Split Shift." Education and Urban Society 52, no. 5 (2019): 759–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124519884065.
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Psychosocial risk factors threaten the health of teachers, who are considered to be a group at high risk of suffering burnout syndrome. The objective of this study is to measure the levels of work satisfaction, burnout, engagement, emotional stability, fatigue, and mood of teachers, depending on their workday: intensive or split shift. A nonexperimental, descriptive–comparative research design is proposed for this study. A follow-up questionnaire has been developed to assess a teacher’s levels of physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and mood at the beginning and end of the 9 days of work analyzed. The study sample consisted of 125 teachers (102 women and 23 men) with a mean age of 38.67 years ( SD = 9.51) and 10.02 years of experience in teaching. The results show that the group of teachers working the traditional morning and afternoon shift present greater levels of physical and mental fatigue, worse mood, and less job satisfaction with supervision. However, there were no significant differences in levels of emotional stability, burnout, and engagement between the two groups of teachers. In short, it can be considered that the single morning shift generates higher levels of health among teachers.
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Szu, Li-Yun, and Lee-Ing Tsao. "The Effects of Baduanjin Exercise on BMI, Waist-Hip Ratio and Lipids Among Perimenopausal Women." International Journal of Studies in Nursing 5, no. 1 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ijsn.v5i1.716.
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Background: The Prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in perimenopausal women. BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and lipids are important factors for controlling metabolic syndrome. The Baduanjin exercise is a traditional Chinese exercise that promotes the integration of physical and mental health, and it is easy to practice at home and fit for busy perimenopausal women. However, the health effects needed to be evaluated.Aim: The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to evaluate the effects, after twelve weeks of practicing Baduanjin exercise.Methods: This study was conducted at two Buddhism painting clubs, using a parallel-design, control trial recruiting perimenopausal women. There were three instruments: (1) BMI, (2) Waist-Hip Ratio, (3) Lipids—HDL and LDL. The intervention effects from the study baseline to a twelve weeks follow-up were estimated using T-test to evaluate the effectiveness of Baduanjin exercise. The Baduanjin exercise intervention included one-on-one teaching and telephone follow-up to help women practice Baduanjin exercise of 10-15 minutes twice per day for twelve weeks at home. Result: A total of 54 women aged 40 to 60 were recruited from two Buddhism painting clubs. Twenty-seven women were in the experimental group, while 27 women were in the control group. Positive effects were found after 12 weeks doing Baduanjin exercise of 10-15 minutes twice per day at home. In the experimental group, women improved their health by significantly decreasing BMI, increasing HDL, decreasing LDL and more slowly increasing WHR compared with the control group. Conclusion: Baduanjin exercise is a good home exercise to suggest perimenopausal women to improve their BMI, waist-hip ratio and lipid
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Faridi, Mohammad Rishad, Rahaf Raef Kobeissi, and Ryhan Ebad. "Rays your mental health: for a transformed mindset – a case study of Rahaf Kobeissi." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 11, no. 2 (2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-10-2020-0361.
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Learning outcomes This case discussion will enable learners to: demonstrate how the adoption of entrepreneurial leadership could aid the overwhelmed youth to successfully bounce back. Summarize various events and challenges faced. Demonstrate mindful entrepreneurial qualities to be effective. Identify various coping strategies in balancing a commercial viable model with a compassionate approach. Establish a roadmap for a healthy sustainable business model. Case overview/synopsis Ms Rahaf Raef Kobeissi was a 33-year solopreneur, mental health coach and personal development trainer who resided in Dubai. She encountered dilemmas while attempting to offer commercial, as well as empathy and compassion-based services. She tried to strike a balance between her own broken past life challenges and managing her clients’ healing journey. Another challenge was to assess whether she should adopt inductive counseling or deductive counseling principles, especially during a Covid-19 scenario. She needed to ensure a healthy work/life balance to prevent herself from suffering from burnout. Her personal journey to becoming a solopreneur was filled with grief and hardship over the years, which she endured with little support. She had the arduous task of dealing with a series of shocking incidents and events, which pushed her down through the cracks, leading to her attempting to take her own life three times when overwhelmed by tragedy. At the age of 23, Rahaf lost her father to suicide – they found him hanging in his apartment. Her abusive mother had several breakdowns due to severe depression and her drug addict brother accidentally killed his friend in her apartment with an overdose injection. The challenge before her was to strike a reasonable balance between managing the highest levels of clinical depression with suicidal tendencies and finding the right path and purpose for her own life. This was the very reason she chose to battle depression through therapy and bounced back as a stronger and more resilient woman. Complexity academic level This case has been focused on undergraduate and postgraduate-early stage level students pursuing business or psychology programs. Particularly those specializing in entrepreneurial, organizational behavioral and positive psychology courses. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Collins, Lynn H. "Illustrating Feminist Theory." Psychology of Women Quarterly 22, no. 1 (1998): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1998.tb00144.x.
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Feminist theory holds that many of the pathological behaviors observed in patients result from their position in the social hierarchy. The goals of the demonstration detailed in this article are to show the impact of current gender roles on the psychological well-being of women and men and to generate understanding and discussion of the problems that relative status can create in the therapeutic relationship. This teaching demonstration draws parallels between the Zimbardo (1971) prison experiment and the impact that assignment to low- and high-power roles can have on the psychological health of women and men. Students are asked to rate men and women on some of the diagnostic criteria that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) associates with Axis I and II diagnoses. The students watch a video of Zimbardo's prison study and then rate the prisoners and guards. This demonstration provides another explanation for gender patterns in psychopathology by demonstrating that psychologically healthy White males will develop different patterns of psychopathology depending on whether they are placed in a dominant or subordinate role. When placed in the subordinate role, they exhibit behaviors typically seen in women clients; when placed in a dominant role they exhibit behaviors commonly associated with male clients. This exercise demonstrates the unhealthy nature of the gender roles for both women and men.
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Davidsen, Annika H., and Maria S. Petersen. "The Impact of COVID-19 Restrictions on Mental Well-Being and Working Life among Faroese Employees." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (2021): 4775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094775.
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The societal changes caused by COVID-19 have been far-reaching, causing challenges for employees around the world. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 restrictions on mental well-being, working life, family life and social life among Faroese employees within a broad range of professions. A total of 1328 Faroese employees answered an anonymous self-report survey from 13 April to 4 May 2020. Employee mental well-being was only modestly affected by the restrictions and the respondents had a mean score of 50.7 on the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale where a score between 41–44 is found to correspond with possible depression. Work commitment, work and family life, work satisfaction and work ability were all rated significantly worse after the COVID-19 outbreak than before (all p values < 0.005). Contrary to previous research, employees in health services assessed their work ability significantly higher than employees in teaching, and child and youth care (p < 0.05). Working parents had higher levels of stress and assessed their work ability significantly lower than employees without children (p < 0.05), and women tended to be more worried than men because of the pandemic. In conclusion, the overall mental well-being of Faroese employees was on an average level during lock-down in April and May 2020. Their working life seemed, however, to be worse than usual.
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Goldberg, Uri, Damoun Safarpour, Khin N. Aung, et al. "Relationship between pain and depression among patients with cancer at a community teaching hospital." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 26_suppl (2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.26_suppl.81.
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81 Background: While depression is often under-diagnosed in the general population, the rate of under-diagnosis among patients with cancer may be far higher. The American Cancer Society reports that a quarter of all patients with cancer may suffer from depression. We seek to identify a link between pain and depression among patients with cancer which may signal an enhanced need both for the involvement of mental health services and for more effective pain management. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study evaluating depression among patients with cancer in an outpatient setting. From June of 2015 to January of 2016, 29 patients from our institution’s affiliated cancer clinics were interviewed by study staff members about their pain and various other cancer-related concerns. Subjects were also administered the depression screening tool Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Data was collected and analyzed using Spearman’s rho. Results: The inclusion criteria included a confirmed cancer diagnosis and willingness to participate in a clinical study. There were no exclusion criteria. Age ranged from 43 to 87 and women comprised 75% of participants. Of the 18 patients who complained of pain (62.1% of the total), 14 reported pain of at least 7 of 10 in severity (77.8%). Severity of pain was found to correlate positively with the questions of “Poor appetite or overeating” as well as “Moving or speaking so slowly...Or the opposite — being so fidgety or restless...” (R = 0.41, P = 0.03; R = 0.40, P = 0.03, respectively). Presence of pain likewise correlated positively with the latter question (R = 0.46, P = 0.01). Conclusions: The effects of depression on patients with cancer may contribute to life-shortening complications related to reduced compliance with treatment and lifestyle modifications, as well as the exacerbation of heart disease and other comorbid conditions. Our findings demonstrate that pain, particularly severe pain, may signal an elevated risk of depression and call for the swift involvement of mental health services. Likewise, the high proportion of patients complaining of pain in general and severe pain in particular suggests a need for more aggressive pain management among patients with cancer within our cohort.
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Bhugra, D. "Medical students choice of psychiatry – an international survey." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.850.
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The appeal of psychiatry as a speciality varies around the globe for a number of reasons. In a majority of countries, medical students are reluctant to choose psychiatry and this has become a much more evident matter of concern in the past three decades. The factors, which affect the choice of psychiatry as a specialty by medical students include external and internal stigma, quality of teaching of the subject as well as research exposure and clinical experience during placements. In many countries, a placement may last only two weeks and the exposure is to patients in asylums, whereas a majority of psychiatric conditions are treated in primary care. In addition, personal factors such as the ability to deal with openness and ambiguity play a role in the choice of speciality. A study in 19 countries to explore factors prior to entering medical school, experiences in medical school and postgraduate in the choice of the subject showed that those medical students who are likely to choose psychiatry fall into three major categories:– those who had decided prior to joining medical school that they wanted to choose psychiatry;– those who decide during medical school placements and, finally;– those who select the specialty after having finished their medical school training.The latter group has two further subgroups: one, which falls passively into psychiatry and another who make an active choice to take it up. Among 2198 students who participated, 4.5% of the sample planned to become psychiatrists, with a further 15% considering it as a possible career. Women (21%) were more likely to consider psychiatry than men (16%). Key factors associated with choosing psychiatry were personal as well as based on teaching/learning experiences. In order to recruit into psychiatry, better teaching, exposure to common mental disorders and small research projects may prove to be helpful.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
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Salama Abdul-Hamid, Salman. "Feminist Consciousness-Raising in The Girls from Ames." English Language and Literature Studies 7, no. 4 (2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n4p33.
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This paper constructs the mechanisms of feminist consciousness-raising and face to face feminism as a teaching and nurturing style of life in Jeffrey Zaslow’s The Girls from Ames (2009). The paper also constructs an argument that the Ames girls’ less-political circle of consciousness-raising works as a social process that helps them learn from each other how to comprehend and name their experiences, and how to identify and assess their commonalities and differences. As findings, this study supports with evidence from text the powers of feminist consciousness-raising, which has been an important feminist practice since the beginning of the second feminist wave, not only in maintaining the mental and physical health of the ten women, but in helping the girls survive the challenges of their ever-changing society, build new identities and overcome their misfortunes as well.
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Laar, Rizwan Ahmed, Shusheng Shi, Muhammad Azeem Ashraf, Muhammad Naeem Khan, Jannat Bibi, and Yibing Liu. "Impact of Physical Activity on Challenging Obesity in Pakistan: A Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (2020): 7802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217802.
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Physical activity (PA) refers to any action produced by skeletal muscle that consumes energy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), PA is the primary element that can improve health at the community level. Obviously, PA plays an important role in the social, physical, and mental development of men and women, as well as in balancing weight. However, the large-scale negative impacts of physical inactivity on health-related issues are also recognized globally, such as obesity, which is the source of many non-communication diseases (NCDs). In Pakistan alone, 46% of deaths occur due to NCD. The majority of NCD deaths are linked to obesity, and Pakistan is the ninth most obese country in the world. Research on obesity caused by sedentary work in Pakistan is lacking, especially among university employees. To fill this gap, the current study mainly focuses on the rising non-communicable disease (NCD) rates among university employees in Pakistan due to a lack of exercise (obesity, in this case), with the help of a self-designed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. Five universities in the Sindh province of Pakistan were surveyed (n = 276), following the concept of Yin–Yang as a theoretical lens. The results of the current study show that the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of university employees have a great influence on their body mass index (BMI). The study shows that Pakistani residents’ (especially teaching staff) perceptions and attitudes towards obesity and PA have been instructive, but their practices need to be improved.
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Singh, Prem, and Harsh Rathi. "Clinical and socio-demographic profile of substance abusing persons seeking treatment at a teaching hospital in Garhwal hills of Uttarakhand." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 10 (2020): 3633. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204242.
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Background: The substance abuse is gradually becoming one of the major public health issues of present day India. Many factors influence the pattern of substance abuse, including age, sex, educational level, social support, cultural factors, availability of drugs and the presence of cognitive or psychiatric problems. This study was planned to find out the clinical and socio-demographic profile of substance abusing persons.Methods: The study was conducted in the Out-patient facility of the Department of Psychiatry, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute Of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar (Uttarakhand), starting from 23 September 2015. One hundred consecutive treatment seeking subjects fulfilling International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), criteria for Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use were included in the study. All the participants were required to sign an informed consent approved by the institutional ethical committee before being enrolled in the study. All the subjects included in the study were administered a self-structured proforma to elicit the clinical and socio-demographic variables.Results: One hundred patients consisting of 95 men (95%) and 05 women (05%) were included. The average age of the sample was 39.68 years (SD=11.97). As for the socio-demographic variables other than age, 87% of the patients were married, 62% patients were living in nuclear families and 66% belonged to the rural areas. 79% patients were educated up to high school and above and only 06% were illiterate. Alcohol was the most frequently abused substance seen in 78% patients followed by tobacco smoking in 58% of the study subjects. Peer Pressure was cited as the most common reason for the initiation of substance abuse by 75 (75%) patients.Conclusions: Alcohol was the most commonly abused substance. Substance abuse was higher in married, educated males from rural areas living in nuclear families.
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Sheehan, J., A. Gill, and B. D. Kelly. "The effectiveness of a brief intervention to reduce alcohol consumption in pregnancy: a controlled trial." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 31, no. 3 (2014): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2014.28.
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ObjectivesAlcohol consumption during pregnancy potentially has significant effects on both mother and baby. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a brief intervention to reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy.MethodsThis study was performed at the outpatient antenatal clinics of a large academic maternity teaching hospital in Dublin city centre. Six hundred and fifty-six women who drank alcohol before pregnancy were recruited at their first antenatal clinic visit. Drinking patterns before pregnancy, since becoming pregnant, and in later pregnancy (at ~32 weeks of gestation) were assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). A controlled study was conducted – participants were allocated to either the brief intervention group (screening and 5 minutes of non-directive discussion of their drinking pattern) or a control group (screening and treatment as usual).ResultsBefore pregnancy, 57% of women consumed five or more units of alcohol per drinking occasion (i.e. binge drinking); during pregnancy, the rate of binge drinking fell to 4.8%. Sixty per cent of women who drank before pregnancy ceased drinking when pregnant, and a further 9% reduced their intake substantially. Four hundred and ninety-nine women were followed up in later pregnancy. The brief intervention did not produce any significant reduction in alcohol consumption above that attributable to pregnancy and comprehensive screening in antenatal care. Larger reductions in alcohol intake during pregnancy were associated with younger age, non-Irish nationality and greater intake of alcohol before first antenatal clinic visit.ConclusionPregnancy itself produces abstinence and large reductions in alcohol consumption, even among women who drink relatively heavily. Consequently, a universal screening and brief intervention programme is not warranted but screening and targeted interventions could be appropriate such as repeated interventions for those who continue to binge drink. Future research could include evaluating interventions for those women who continue to binge drink during pregnancy and exploring ways of maintaining reductions in alcohol consumption among women who decreased consumption during pregnancy.
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Scherer, E., Z. Scherer, J. Rodrigues, et al. "Violence as object of interdisciplinary research: Characterization of a Brazilian group of studies." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1248.
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IntroductionThe interdisciplinary group of studies on violence (GREIVI), created in 2006, develops teaching, research and community extension activities related to violence and its impact on individuals’ mental health (victims or perpetrators).ObjectiveTo describe the subjects studied, the participants and the activities developed in the GREIVI in the period of 8 years.AimsKnowing the GREIVI's activities.MethodQualitative exploratory documentary study. Analysed 90 group monitoring reports from 2009 to 2016. The records were subjected to content analysis.ResultsProduction: completed 11 research projects of undergraduate and postgraduate students; 7 in progress; presented 9 works in international scientific events; published 9 articles; 1 extension project in elementary school (2009 to 2016). Established partnership with international research and education institution to articulate and implement new projects. Topics discussed: definition, types and nature of violence; ecological model of violence; violence against women; and school violence. Activities: directed reading; discussions and exchange of experiences between the participants; presentation, discussion and advice on research and community extension projects; production and dissemination of scientific papers; technical visits and activities’ structuring and planning. Participants: professionals and undergraduate and graduate students from different areas (nursing, psychiatry, psychology, social work, education, biology and political advisor who works with the theme of violence).ConclusionThe GREIVI have provided interdisciplinary space for discussion of different aspects of violence and the construction of research and extension projects to the community.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Mohammadi, M. "Retarded sexual maturity and adolescent conflicts." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.467.
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Most of the educational psychologists believe that co-education can help the young people to have their sexual instincts activated so that they could release their sexual emotions easily during puberty. In contrast, Islamic educational authorities in Iran strongly insist that children arriving elementary schools must be separated and the teachers and textbooks are chosen according to their sexes. Therefore, men are teaching in boys’ schools and women in girls’ schools. There has been great effort to include men's pictures in boys’ textbooks to prevent from the sexual arousal. As there are not enough universities in the country, the university candidates are mixed in their classes and courses. This can bring flame to the ashes of hidden sexuality and involve the students in abnormal behaviours to control or suppress them. The conflict of interaction with the opposite sex in university with that in the family setting or even society has been proved to create depression among the first year students especially those coming from small and closed environments and rural settings. The statistics of referrals to the counselling office in the university show that self-involvement to control sexual instincts have been the great concern of the students. They spend most of their time thinking about their classmates of different sexes. This paper aims to study the psychological and social outcomes of suppressed instincts for young people having entered the university and the effect on marriage.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Chung, F. F., G. H. Wan, and H. E. Liu. "The effectiveness of first-time-mother parent education for infant interaction and sense of parenting competence during the first year in Taiwan." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S361—S362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.359.
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BackgroundWhen new mothers do not understand how to interact with their newborn babies, they would increase anxiety, even decrease the quality of parent-infant interactions. Previous studies indicate that the postpartum parenting education for first-time-mothers can improve the quality of mother-infant interactions in first two months. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of parenting education for postpartum women during the first year.MethodsThe study recruited 81 healthy first-time-mother infant dyads from the medical center in Taipei city. The experimental and control groups received extra education by way of a 40-minute videotape and normal postpartum care, respectively. Data from around first week (T1), followed by the third (T2), sixth (T3), ninth (T4), and twelfth (T5) month postpartum are collected. Assessment scales such as the Edinburgh perinatal depression scale (EPDS), the Chinese version of the parenting sense of competence scale (C-PSOC), and the Nursing child assessment teaching scale (NCATS) used for videotaped mother-infant interactions measurement were used in the study.ResultsThe analytical results show that the quality of mother-infant interaction increased at T2, T3, T4, and T5 in the experimental group (Fig. 1). No different change in maternal sense of competency was found in the experimental and control groups from T1 to T4. However, a positive change in sense of parenting competency at T5 was found in the experimental group (Fig. 2). No difference in postpartum depression was found between the two groups (Fig. 3).ConclusionsThe first-time-mothers parent education has long-term effectiveness in the mother-infant dyad interaction quality.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Stoevesandt, Dietrich, Andreas Weber, Andreas Wienke, et al. "Interactive patient education via an audience response system in cardiac rehabilitation." SAGE Open Medicine 8 (January 2020): 205031212094211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120942118.
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Objectives: Patient education and compliance play an important role in the success of rehabilitation in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to analyze whether interactive learning methods, in this study, the audience response system with a “clicker,” can improve the learning success of patients during and after their rehabilitation process. Methods: In a randomized, prospective cohort study, a total of 260 patients were randomized to either an interactive training group using Athens audience response system or to a control group without the use of audience response system during the educational sessions. Patients were taught and tested on four different topics concerning their primary disease: heart failure, arterial hypertension, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and coronary heart disease. After each session, the patients had to answer questions on the previously taught topics via questionnaires. These questions were asked again at the day of discharge, as well as 3 and 12 months after discharge. Additional information on the patients’ health, plus their mental status, was gathered with the help of further questionnaires (HADS and SF-12). Results: A total of 260 patients (201 men and 59 women) were recruited. The patients were on average 61.1 ± 11 years old. A significant short-term effect on the patients’ knowledge about their disease was found immediately after the educational sessions in the intervention group. However, there was no long-term effect in either the intervention or control group. Although there was no statistical significance found in any of the observations, a positive short-term effect on learning capacity as well as positive trends in mental and physical health after discharge could be found in patients after the use of audience response system during their rehabilitation. Conclusion: This study provides interesting and new data on the use of an interactive learning method for patients to gain knowledge about their primary disease and eventually improve their physical and mental health status in a long-term perspective. By implementing different and new ways of teaching and interaction during the hospitalization, not only patients, but also medical staff and caregivers could benefit.
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Gupta, C. K., Bhavya Khattri, and Manish Garg. "Work-Family Conflict among Married Teachers of Urban Meerut." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 6 (2021): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210636.
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Background: Work–family conflict (WFC) and Family–work conflict (FWC) are likely to exert negative influences on an individual’s mental health, resulting in lower life satisfaction and greater internal conflict at work-family interface. Existing literature on WFC ignores the teaching profession, despite it being a universal phenomenon. This study expands on WFC & FWC occurring in the lives of female teachers, with special mention of psychological distress and wellbeing of the working women. Methods: The main objectives of the study were to compare WFC with FWC among married teachers of urban Meerut and to assess various factors associated with them. It was a cross-sectional study conducted in schools of urban block of Meerut, Uttar Pradesh on 384 teachers aged 20 - 50 years, and married for at least 3 years. Data was collected using a questionnaire containing Breyer’s work family conflict scale and analysed using SPSS V25, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation Results: FWC (Mean 5.97; SD=1.962) was found to be greater than WFC (Mean 4.93.01; SD=1.571). More than 60% of the participants were always or often asked to bear the brunt of dual role, even when most of them (~58%) were working solely due to family needs. Variables like reason for working, work experiences and demand for dual roles were found to be important in deciding WFC as well as FWC. Conclusions: This study explores WFC/ FWC and governing factors in these conflicts. Present study found that family roles created more friction towards work roles in teachers rather than work roles creating friction in family roles. Keywords: Work Family conflict, Teachers, Married, Women.
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Jafaar Abdul Sahib, Adil, and Kasim Obaid Hussein. "The frequency of the psychiatric symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia." American Journal of BioMedicine 9, no. 1 (2021): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18081/2333-5106/020-06/80-87.
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The role of psychiatric symptomatic conduct of patients with FD has not been clearly shaped. In this study the role of psychiatric symptoms was evaluated in those patients. One hundred subjects [50 patients with FD (29 women, 21 men)], and [50 healthy individuals (27 women, 23 men)] in Al-Hussain teaching hospital in Samawa city were evaluated. The two groups were almost similar in regard to major demographic variables. Psychiatric symptoms were measured by “SCL-90-R” questionnaire. FD patients had worse psychiatric difficulties than healthy subjects. patients with FD reported more mean scores on psychiatric symptoms than the healthy subjects (somatization 1.87 ±0.74.vs 0.95 ± 0.50),(OCD1.31±0.62 vs 0.86± 0.55),(interpersonal sensitivity 1.08 ± 0.70 vs 0.76 ± 0.54),(depression 1.52±0.86 vs 0.91± 0.50),(anxiety1.53 ±0.59 vs 0.75 ±0.48), (hostility 1.41± 0.72 vs 0.69 ±0.56),(phobic anxiety 0.92 ± 0.73 vs 0.58 ±0.75), (paranoid ideation 1.19 ±0.78 vs 0.74 ± 0.56) , (psychoticism 0.76± 0.69 vs 0.40±0.45) and the total score of mental symptoms.1.29±0.52 vs0.74 ±0.37). All differences were very significant in statistical view with the exception of four measures, where the differences were statistically significant but to a lesser degree، namely the measures of interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, psychoticism. In conclusion, the results show that FD patients experienced more psychological symptoms than healthy subjects, so both physicians and psychiatrists should be aware about this coexistence when they manage such cases. Keywords: Functional dyspepsia, psychiatric symptoms, gastrointestinal
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Szymanski, Dawn M., and Renee Mikorski. "Sexually Objectifying Environments." Psychology of Women Quarterly 41, no. 3 (2017): 314–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684317709438.
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In this study, we investigated the relations between sexually objectifying restaurant environments (SOREs) and anxiety and disordered eating in a sample of 252 waitresses working in restaurants located in the United States. Supporting our hypotheses, results indicated that higher levels of SOREs were positively correlated with waitresses’ anxiety and disordered eating. Our findings also supported a theorized four-chain mediation model in which higher levels of SOREs were related to both anxiety and disordered eating directly and indirectly via, in serial: less organizational power, less personal power and control, and more rumination. In addition, SOREs and a lack of organizational power had direct, unique links to rumination. Our findings highlight the importance of both contextual and intrapersonal factors in understanding waitresses’ mental health problems. These findings underscore the need to implement both system-level and individual-level interventions to combat the existence of SOREs and the negative effects these environments may have on women who work in the industry. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ 's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/page/pwq/suppl/index
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Bédard, Michel, D. William Molloy, Rhonda Bell, and Judy A. Lever. "Determinants and Detection of Low Body Mass Index in Community-Dwelling Adults With Alzheimer's Disease." International Psychogeriatrics 12, no. 1 (2000): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610200006220.
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Objective: To determine the proportion of older adults with Alzheimer's disease presenting to a geriatric clinic with low body mass index (BMI), the proportion of these individuals recognized by clinicians as malnourished, and what patients' characteristics and caregivers' and clinicians' impressions are associated with low BMI. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: An outpatient geriatric clinic located in a university-affiliated teaching hospital. Participants: 340 patients with Alzheimer's disease, average age 75 years. Measurements: Individuals with a BMI below 21 were considered at risk of malnutrition. Physical examination and medical information were obtained from patients and caregivers by clinicians using a standardized assessment protocol. Clinicians' impression regarding evidence of malnutrition was obtained. Results: Forty-six patients (16%) had a BMI below 21. Clinicians reported evidence of potential malnutrition in 11 patients, 8 of whom had a BMI below 21. Using logistic regression, we found that women were five times more likely to have a BMI below 21 than men, and that individuals with low cognition were twice as likely to have a BMI below 21 than individuals with higher cognition. Conclusion: The proportion of patients with Alzheimer's disease with a BMI below 21 is similar to that encountered in the general population aged 65+. However, clinicians have difficulty identifying persons at risk of malnutrition according to BMI status. Women with low cognition were at increased risk of having a low BMI. Improvement in the detection of malnutrition is desirable. Further exploration of causal links between cognition and malnutrition is required.
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Mainwaring, Debra J. "Creating a Safe Space: A Case Study of Complex Trauma and a Call for Proactive Comprehensive Psychoeducational Assessments and Reviews." Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 25, no. 1 (2015): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2014.24.
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This article advocates for proactive, dynamic and comprehensive psycho-educational assessments for children and young people who have a history of complex trauma, because of its known effects on development and learning. A case study is shared of a young woman with a history of complex trauma because of exposure to parental neglect, multiple foster care placements, and abuse while in the care system. Background information on the impact of both early developmental trauma and interruptions to attachment with an early caregiver on learning and development is discussed, along with the benefits of using dynamic assessment. In particular, the case will expose how delays in thorough, high quality psycho-educational assessment not only impacts on educational outcomes, but also care outcomes. It also illustrates the importance of including measures of social emotional functioning as part of psycho-educational assessments when, as in this case, a review of developmental and learning needs is required in preparation for transition to high school, to assist funding applications for additional support, and to contribute to case planning towards reunification with siblings. Best practice protocols are shared that promote both multi-professional and multi-dimensional assessment, including working between agencies, systems, group and individual assessment, and, most importantly, tools that facilitate both transformation of teaching practice and the voice of the young person; all serving to promote mental health and wellbeing.
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Narula, Arvinder Pal Singh, Prakash Prabhakarrao Doke, Varsha Mahesh Vaidya, Archana Vasantrao Patil, Tushar Madhavrao Panchanadikar, and Girija Narendrakumar Wagh. "Assessment of immunization among newborns: comparison between children delivered vaginally and by cesarean section." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 3 (2020): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200985.
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Background: Timely administration of vaccines, particularly for hepatitis B birth dose within 24 hours of birth is of immense importance. It is considered as an indicator of quality of immunization programme. This study aimed to assess effect of mode of delivery and type of hospital on immunization among newborns. Methods: This large multi-site study was conducted in Pune district having population of 9.43 million. A total of 13 hospitals were selected which included all government hospitals performing more than five cesarean sections per month, and one government and one private medical college hospital. Cesarean section and vaginally deliveries were enrolled in 1:1 ratio. Their children were followed till discharge. Data were collected by obstetrician or qualified nurse.Results: During study period 3,112 women were enrolled. The relative risk of not getting vaccine Hepatitis B birth dose before 24 hours among cesarean delivered newoborns was 1.08. The relative risk of not getting zero polio and BCG among cesarean delivered newborns was 0.71 and 0.76 respectively. All these differences were significant. The coverage for all vaccines was better in sub district hospitals than others. Coverage of all vaccines in government teaching hospital was better than private.Conclusions: Cesarean section enabled better coverage among newborns probably due to length of stay. Whereas the physical and mental stress after cesarean section resulted lesser coverage of hepatitis B birth dose within 24 hours. Opportunities of timely Hepatitis B birth dose administration were missed probably due to lack of knowledge among health workers about ideal timing.
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Seneviratne, Sinali, Mark Marriott, and Mastura Monif. "065 Presence of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in the serum of two patients following alemtuzumab therapy for suspected multiple sclerosis." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, e7 (2019): A21.2—A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-anzan.57.
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IntroductionMyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody mediated disease is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder which can resemble multiple sclerosis (MS).1 2 Thus, this condition can be misdiagnosed and treated as MS.3 We present the clinical trajectory of two cases initially diagnosed as MS, treated with Alemtuzumab followed by clinical and radiological deterioration. Both were subsequently found to have anti MOG antibody in their serum.MethodsThis is a retrospective case study based on a medical record search of neuroimmunology clinics in two teaching hospitals in Victoria. We searched for patients treated with Alemtuzumab who subsequently tested positive for MOG antibody.ResultsWe found two young women who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. One patient presented with dizziness and vertigo, the other with unilateral optic neuritis. Both had supratentorial MRI lesions and were both diagnosed as having MS. Both patients experienced multiple relapses while on treatment for MS. Hence, they were commenced on Alemtuzumab therapy. Unexpectedly, both patients experienced a decline in their clinical status with worsening of expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and an increasing lesion load on MRI brain. Their serum anti MOG antibodies were then found to be positive. Subsequently, patients were treated with rituximab and plasma exchange with a favorable response.ConclusionsThese two cases demonstrate that Alemtuzumab is ineffective and in fact can worsen cases of anti-MOG antibody associated encephalomyelitis. This highlights the importance of anti MOG antibody testing when patients diagnosed with MS do not respond to Alemtuzumab and in those patients presenting with atypical features of MS.ReferencesWeber MS, Derfuss T, Metz I, Bruck W. Defining distinct features of anti-MOG antibody associated central nervous system demyelination. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018;11:1756286418762083.Narayan R, Simpson A, Fritsche K, Salama S, Pardo S, Mealy M, et al. MOG antibody disease: A review of MOG antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018;25:66–72.Wildemann B, Jarius S, Schwarz A, Diem R, Viehover A, Hahnel S, et al. Failure of alemtuzumab therapy to control MOG encephalomyelitis. Neurology 2017;89(2):207–9.
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Kraus, Artur, and Natalia Wojtas. "Labour Migration of Parents and Threats to Children and Youth." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 8 (2021): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14080377.
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Labour migration is a global trend that shapes communities and economies around the world. Growing economic migration carries a specific threat to children and youth. Long-term consequences threaten life outcomes such as educational achievement, career development, mental and physical health. The study examined the problems of children from migrating families in educational institutions. It was also important to determine what assistance is provided to children from migrant families and what institutions support such families. The respondents were class tutors/educators who were teachers of educational institutions: 2317 respondents took part in the study, including 2044 women and 273 men. Significant differentiation of the respondents according to gender is mainly due to the feminization of the teaching profession in Poland. The results of the survey were analyzed with the chi-square test of independence. As a result of the research, threats to children and adolescents resulting from the economic migration of parents were diagnosed. In secondary schools, a decrease in attendance is observed (unexcused absences, truancy, being late). In lower secondary schools there are problems with school results and a decrease in motivation to learn. Educational institutions find it difficult to stay in contact with parents. In the youngest children (kindergartens, primary schools), emotional instability is observed due to the absence of parents in everyday contact. Educational institutions respond to diagnosed problems by providing support to students. In primary schools, students are provided with help in learning and students’ free time is organized. There are also activities aimed at providing additional nutrition. In lower secondary schools, as in secondary schools, support focuses more on motivational interviewing, mediation in conflict situations and psychological assistance. In order to solve problems and help students, educational institutions cooperate with the Psychological and Pedagogical Counselling Centre, the Social Welfare Centre and the Probation Officer.
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Zayas, Luis H., and Nancy A. Busch-Rossnagel. "Pregnant Hispanic Women: A Mental Health Study." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 73, no. 9 (1992): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438949207300901.
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By most accounts, pregnant Hispanic women are a population at risk for perinatal health and mental health problems. In this article, the authors report on a pilot study of the mental health status of 86 low-income, pregnant Hispanics. Three cases drawn from a community-based, primary care clinic demonstrate how Hispanic women may appear in the clinical setting and how interventions can be designed.
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Hirshbein, L. D. "Women and Teaching in Academic Psychiatry." Academic Psychiatry 28, no. 4 (2004): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ap.28.4.292.
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Steiner, J. L. "Teaching Psychiatric Residents About Women and Leadership." Academic Psychiatry 28, no. 3 (2004): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ap.28.3.243.
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Kendler, K. S. "A Multidimensional Twin Study of Mental Health in Women." American Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 4 (2000): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.4.506.
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Lorentzen, Catherine Anne Nicole, and Berit Viken. "Immigrant women, nature and mental health." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 16, no. 4 (2020): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-11-2019-0089.
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Purpose There is a need for cost-effective strategies to counteract mental health challenges among immigrant women. This study aims to identify how nature might improve the mental health status of immigrant women residing in Norway. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data were gathered through individual interviews with 14 immigrant women from Iran (2), Poland (2), Palestine, Afghanistan, Congo, Kenya, Thailand, Russia, Portugal, Latvia, Colombia and Bulgaria. Findings The qualitative content analysis revealed that interaction with nature positively influenced the immigrant women’s mental health. This occurred because of the following: exposure to nature itself, leading to mood enhancements; familiarization with the new country’s culture, nature, climate and language, facilitating feelings of mastery, attachment and belonging; social interactions, promoting immediate well-being and future social support; interacting with nature in familiar ways, reducing feelings of alienation/loss; and physical activity, improving mood and stress-related conditions. These mental health improvements were a result of interactions with various types of natural environments. Originality/value This study supports the promotion of interaction with nature among immigrant women as part of low-cost public health work. Practitioners should consider multiple arenas for potential nature-related mental health gains.
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McAllister, Margaret. "Lisa’s lessons: A case study of mental health teaching and learning." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Mental Health Nursing 9, no. 1 (2000): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-0979.2000.00158.x.
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Eyre, Anne. "Public mental health case study: learning (and teaching) from personal experience." Journal of Public Mental Health 8, no. 3 (2009): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17465729200900018.
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Nasyrova, R. F., and L. S. Sotnikova. "Mental health of women with hysteromyoma." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73381-8.
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In result of clinical-psychopathological examination of 100 women suffering from hysteromyoma we have identified as compared with portion of patients without mental disturbances, specific weight of women with mental disorders (47%) and with pre-nosological manifestations (43%) predominated (р < 0,05), from them 21% met definitions of psychoadaptive state and 22% - psychodisadaptive status (PDAS). Study of distribution of prevalence of variants of PDAS has revealed predominance in the examined of asthenic register (8%), where basic manifestations was feeling of fatigue, increasing to the end of the day, pains in muscles, sensation of apathy. Psychovegetative variant was revealed in 6% patients and was represented by paroxysmal vegetative dysfunctions, transient headaches, and sleep disturbance. Dysthymic variant characterized by emotional lability in the kind of irritability, feeling of uneasiness and mental discomfort, has been revealed in 5%, and dysmnestic variant manifesting by short-term changes in the sphere of attention, orientation in familiar setting, erroneous estimation of time intervals was diagnosed in 3% of women. Revealed mental disturbances included four clusters: neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F40–48) have been revealed in 29% of examined women; affective, predominately of depressive spectrum (F32–34.1) - in 9%; personality disorders and behavioral disorders at mature age (F60–61) - in 3% and behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors (F50–52) - in 6%. Presented data demonstrate high prevalence of mental disturbances in female patients with hysteromyoma that, complicating severity of state of women and decreasing adaptive abilities, considerably worsens quality of life and efficacy of treatment measures.
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Seyedfatemi, N., M. Seyedooshohadaie, R. Shekarabi, and H. Haghani. "2585 – The effect of teaching program on body satisfaction of burn women." European Psychiatry 28 (January 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(13)77250-x.
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Nugraha, Deden Novan Setiawan. "Teaching Techniques in Teaching English Language: A Study of SMAN 24 Bandung, West Java." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 2 (2020): 2865–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i2/pr200585.
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Gavaler, Judith S., Marilyn Bonham-Leyba, Cesar A. Castro, and Susan E. Harman. "The Oklahoma Postmenopausal Women??s Health Study." Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research 23, no. 2 (1999): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000374-199902000-00005.
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Wright, C., MK Nepal, and WDA Bruce-Jones. "Mental Health Patients in Primary Health Care Services in Nepal." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 3, no. 3 (1989): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053958900300309.
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Patients attending two primary care settings in Nepal (a village health post and a district hospital outpatient department) were screened for psychiatric morbidity using the Self Reporting Questionnaire. Approximately one-quarter of all patients screened were found to have psychiatric morbidity. Women presenting were found to have higher frequency of “psychiatric caseness” than men. All these psychiatric patients presented with physical complaints, none with psychological, and the most common physical symptoms presented were abdominal pain, headache and cough. Health worker recognition of these cases was 29% in the health post and 0% in the hospital. Conclusions are drawn regarding the need for sufficient and relevant psychiatric teaching in health worker curriculae
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Nagla, Madhu. "Leisure and Mental Health: Sociological Study of Women Experiencing Leisure during Their Mental Illness." Sociology and Anthropology 3, no. 12 (2015): 633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/sa.2015.031201.
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Gleason, Walter J. "Mental Disorders in Battered Women: An Empirical Study." Violence and Victims 8, no. 1 (1993): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.8.1.53.
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Prevalence of mental disorders in 62 battered women receiving services from a Florida battered woman agency was identified by means of a structured interview, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Of the total sample of battered women, 30 were in a shelter operated by the agency and 32 were living in their own homes and receiving assistance from the agency. Resultant diagnoses met diagnostic criteria developed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (3rd. ed.) of the American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule is a 263 item structured interview used in the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiological Catchment Area program carried out in the early 1980s. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule permits the use of 10,953 females in the epidemiological study as a comparison group of normal women. Scoring of the interviews was done by a computer diagnostic program with absolute decision rules. Extremely high prevalence was found for psychosexual dysfunction, major depression, post traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. These diagnoses appear to reflect the major components of the battered woman syndrome developed by Lenore Walker and the study approximates Walker's request for improved methodology in the research into the psychology of the battered woman.