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Journal articles on the topic 'Women murderes'
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1
Wattis, Louise. "Revisiting the Yorkshire Ripper Murders." Feminist Criminology 12, no. 1 (July 24, 2016): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557085115602960.
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Between 1975 and 1980, 13 women, 7 of whom were sex workers, were murdered in the North of England. Aside from the femicide itself, the case was infamous for police failings, misogyny, and victim blaming. The article begins with a discussion of the serial murder of women as a gendered structural phenomenon within the wider context of violence, gender, and arbitrary justice. In support of this, the article revisits the above case to interrogate police reform in England and Wales in the wake of the murders, arguing that despite procedural reform, gendered cultural practices continue to shape justice outcomes for victims of gender violence. In addition, changes to prostitution policy are assessed to highlight how the historical and ongoing Othering and criminalization of street sex workers perpetuates the victimization of this marginalized group of women.
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Kaufman, M. H. "Howison, the Cramond Murderer, and Last Person to be Hanged and Dissected." Scottish Medical Journal 45, no. 1 (February 2000): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693300004500110.
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An articulated skeleton in Edinburgh University's Anatomy Museum of “Howison, The Cramond Murderer”, shares a show-case with the articulated skeleton of “William Burke, The Murderer”. While the murderous activities of William Burke are well known, because of his association and activities with William Hare, and because they sold the bodies of their victims to Dr Robert Knox, the anatomist, little these days is recalled of Howison. He was executed for the murder of a woman in Cramond in December 1831, and was hanged on 21st January 1832. The case is important because he was the last individual executed before the implementation of the Anatomy Act of 1832. Accordingly, under the conditions of the previous Act, of 1752, entitled “An Act for better preventing the horrid Crime of Murder”, his body had to be handed across to the surgeons to be “dissected and anatomized”, before it could be buried.
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Sari, Genny Gustina, and Welly Wirman. "Konsep Diri Perempuan Pelaku Pembunuhan." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 31, no. 1 (June 8, 2015): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v31i1.1273.
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Women as perpetrators of murder is an interesting phenomenon to be studied, given the stigmatizing between men and women do in the community. Combining the law, psychology and communication, the authors try to see how the concept of self-female murderers in prison. Results of the study revealed that women prisoners perpetrators can be categorized into two: as the main actors and Performers accompanying. The main culprit is the women who commit murder with his own hands and actors accompanying a woman who was involved in the murder, but no loss of life with his own hands. The concept of self-murder convict women as main actors tend negative, compared with female inmates as actors accompanying murder, as seen from the object of their remorse. Inmates main perpetrator blame yourself for what happened to them at this time, while the inmates as actors accompanying tend to blame others that cause it to inmates
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Hildebrand, Meagen M., and Scott E. Culhane. "Personality characteristics of the female serial murderer." Journal of Criminal Psychology 5, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-04-2014-0007.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review and compare information obtained for four female serial murder perpetrators, exploring possible personality features that make the female serial killer unique. As this is the first project to explore the personalities of female serial murderers through data collected from the offenders themselves, it is primarily an exploratory study. Design/methodology/approach – The data presented were collected as part of a larger project, which solicited participation from incarcerated, suspected serial murderers. Upon agreeing to participate, each potential participant's background was searched to ensure they met the definition of a serial murderer. The participants were sent a survey packet containing measures related to demographics, psychopathology, psychopathy, and personality features. These packets were sent to participants at their respective prisons, with a return envelope provided. Upon return, surveys were scored and analyzed to create a comprehensive profile of each offender. Findings – The subjects of this study each presented a unique personality profile as measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Invetory-III. Three of the four participants did not appear to by psychopathic, which is not surprising given the low incidence of psychopathy in women. Originality/value – This study, while limited by the small sample size, provides the first data set of valid psychological measures collected through first-hand accounts with female serial murderers. Although the data presented did not display a single comprehensive profile indicative of a female serial murderer, it does provide a foundation for further research.
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Farr, Kathryn Ann. "Aggravating and Differentiating Factors in the Cases of White and Minority Women on Death Row." Crime & Delinquency 43, no. 3 (July 1997): 260–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128797043003002.
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An examination of the cases of 35 women on death row in 1993 indicated both between-and within-gender differences. Unlike men under sentences of death, the White women on death row were highly likely to have murdered loved ones, most often male husbands or lovers. The most aggravated cases involved White women, portrayed as seductive or lustful, who were implicated in multiple killings of White victims. Overall, the murders committed by women of color were more likely than those by White women to be in the less aggravated categories and to have been motivated by anger or revenge. Most of the murders were intraracial.
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Lavacca, Jeanine, and Wesley A. Kayson. "Relations of Story Wording and Sex to a Recommended Prison Sentence." Psychological Reports 70, no. 3 (June 1992): 883–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3.883.
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The purpose of this experiment was to see whether the wording of a story, the sex of the subject, and sex of the person committing a murder would affect the recommended prison sentence. A questionnaire contained a story about a youth committing a murder. The same story was told in three different ways changing the name of the youth in each; one showed the student in a favorable light, one in a negative light, and one in a neutral manner. The sex of the student was changed, and the sex of the participant was also studied. Subjects were asked to sentence the youth. It was hypothesized that the favorable account would elicit a more lenient prison sentence than the neutral account or negative account, also that the women would be more lenient and that female murderers would be treated more leniently. The design was a 2 × 2 × 3 mixed design. The hypothesis for wording of the story was confirmed. Sex of subject and of murderer were not significant. It was concluded that the wording of a story affects subjects' judgment. Further research should be conducted.
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Mondal, Subarna. "Dead but not gone: Female body, surveillance and serial-killing in Alfred Hitchcock's Frenzy." Northern Lights: Film & Media Studies Yearbook 17, no. 1 (November 1, 2019): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nl_00007_1.
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Abstract Alfred Hitchcock in Psycho (1960) makes the corpse of an ordinary woman both an object of surveillance and a source of active watching. Mrs Bates and Marion in Psycho, Brenda and Babs in Frenzy (1972) may be seen as predecessors to the series of dead women figuratively staring back in films such as The Silence of the Lambs (Demme, 1991) and Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (Tykwer, 2006). The corpses do not merely offer themselves up as ciphers to be decoded. They reveal the lack in the perpetrators. Hitchcock's Frenzy relies on female bodies for clues to the murders. Hitchcock plays the vital role of bringing about a transition in the way in which women's bodies are to be treated in films, a transition from bodies shrouded by mist and darkness of the noirs to the exhibitionism of naked corpses in brightly lit settings. This article shows that abandonment of the usual tropes of visual impediments such as darkness and fog in Hitchcock's later films suggests a continually developing process of urban surveillance that aids in dehumanizing the victims. Further the post-murder masculinist investigative gaze forces a kind of mock-life on the victims through the relentless search of a killer's live signs on their dead flesh.
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Putra, Trianta Karana. "The Contribution of National Indigenous Organizations in Addressing the Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) in Canada." Journal of Feminism and Gender Studies 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jfgs.v1i2.26060.
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The problem of missing and murdered indigenous women & girls (MMIWG) in Canada. This issue is one of the most pressing issues in Canada. MMIWG will be defined as a sociological phenomenon in which indigenous women's racial and gender identities characterize them as a marginalized group leading to increased violence, including a disproportionate rate at which indigenous women disappear and become victims of murder and sexual harassment. Using the concept of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and the concept of Human Rights Non-Governmental Organizations (HRNGOs), this study aims to determine the contribution of National Indigenous organizations in overcoming Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) in Canada.
9
Lekh, S. K., A. Langa, P. Begg, and B. K. Puri. "The case of Aaron Kosminski: was he Jack the Ripper?" Psychiatric Bulletin 16, no. 12 (December 1992): 786–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.16.12.786.
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The Whitechapel murders of 1888 attributed to Jack the Ripper were, like many of the crimes of multiple-victim killers, well-publicised, bizarre and dramatic (Lunde & Sigal, 1990). Although in the public mind at the time the murders of at least seven women in and around the Whitechapel district of London's East End were believed to have been carried out by Jack the Ripper. However, according to police and forensic evidence his victims, all prostitutes, numbered only five, beginning with Mary Ann Nichols, found murdered on 31 August 1888, and ending with Mary Jane Kelly, whose mutilated body was discovered on 9 November 1888.
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Grubin, Don. "Sexual Murder." British Journal of Psychiatry 165, no. 5 (November 1994): 624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.165.5.624.
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BackgroundLittle is known about men who kill in a sexual context. The present study compares a group of sexual murderers with a group of men who had raped but not killed.MethodTwenty-one men who murdered women in the course of a sexual attack and 121 men convicted of rape were interviewed in six prisons. Victim statements were obtained in 103 cases (73%). Assessment consisted of a 90-minute semi-structured interview, the Eysenck 1–7 questionnaire, and the Schonell reading test.ResultsThe most notable characteristic distinguishing the men who killed was their lifelong isolation and lack of heterosexual relationships.ConclusionsA better understanding of the social and emotional isolation commonly found in sexual murderers may provide important insights into why some sexual offenders go on to kill.
11
Spies, Amanda. "The portrayal of victims of intimate femicide in the South African media." Journal of African Media Studies 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams_00010_1.
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This article reflects on the murders of Reeva Steenkamp (2013), Jayde Panayiotou (2015), Susan Rhode (2016) and Karabo Mokoena (2017) and questions how victims of intimate femicide are portrayed in the South African media. Media reporting on intimate femicide clearly illustrates how the murder of women by their intimate partners, are framed as isolated incidents rather than a systemic problem situated within a social context of male dominance. It is therefore increasingly important to understand how the media portrays victimhood and violence. This article explores how the murder of women by their partners are rarely classified as femicide, and how the media’s portrayal of these murders fails to convey the systemic nature of violence against women that also entrenches racial and class-based oppression by seemingly valuing some lives more than others. The focus is on the power of the media to obscure the nature of intimate partner violence, which entrenches a notion of ideal victimhood. In conclusion, the South African government’s response to this form of violence is explored, and the need for responsible reporting is called for in reporting on cases of intimate femicide.
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Gündüz, Ferhan. "Violence Against Women: Analysis of Murder News." Journal of Qualitative Research in Education 6, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.6c1s13m.
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Takla, Nefertiti. "Barbaric Women: Race and the Colonization of Gender in Interwar Egypt." International Journal of Middle East Studies 53, no. 3 (August 2021): 387–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743821000349.
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AbstractThis article analyzes the sensationalized media coverage of a serial murder case during the Egyptian revolution of the early interwar era. Despite conflicting evidence, the media blamed the murders on two sisters from southern Egypt named Raya and Sakina. Through a close reading of Egyptian editorials and news reports, I argue that middle-class nationalists constructed Raya and Sakina as barbaric women who threatened to pull the nation back in time in order to legitimize their claim to power. Borrowing from Ann Stoler's analysis of the relationship between race and sexuality and Maria Lugones's concept of the modern/colonial gender system, this article maintains that race was as central to nationalist conceptions of female barbarism as gender, sexuality, and class. The enduring depiction of Raya and Sakina as the quintessential barbaric Egyptian women symbolizes the way in which the modern woman was constructed at the intersection of race and sexuality.
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AL OBAIDI, Bushra Salman Hussain. "HONOR CRIMES AND ITS LEGAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS، MURDER IS A WASH OF SHAME AS A MODEL." International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research 03, no. 04 (August 1, 2021): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.4-3.15.
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The importance of research: The heavenly canons and all laws affirm the guarantee of everyone's right to life, but a look at daily practices reveals that a large number of women are killed daily under the background of honor killings. His race and his religion, is considered today a necessity and a priority heavily placed on the collective conscience. The exacerbation of the phenomenon of honor murders, or the liquidation of women who has rebel against family laws, and the pretext that she is an adulterer, is a dangerous indication of underestimating the right of women to life and is a sign of social discrimination practiced on the basis of gender. The phenomenon of the exacerbation of honor murders indicates a crisis of relationships within the family and society, a crisis of relations within the community of women, the continued dominance of some customs over laws in contemporary societies, and the institutionalization of violence against women and their sacrifice. Iraq society is a tribal society and accepts the idea of killing of women as a means of dishonor. However, killings under this concept have increased as a result of the tyranny of tribal values, and they increased even more after the occupation of Iraq on 9/ 4 / 2003 Research objectives: abolishing the legal articles that encourage the killing of women under any pretext, and making the crime of murder under the pretext of washing shame a premeditated murder, like all murders, and subject to its provisions without wearing the garment of a mitigating excuse and allowing the perpetrators to escape from punishment and activating the implementation of international conventions and respecting them. Part of the national legislation for ratification by Iraq. As well as respect for the constitutional texts being the highest in the application. When talking about treating this crime and setting up a solution for it, the law must be the other side, without a law that protects women, clarifies the limits and provisions of this crime, and establishes appropriate punishment for its images in a way that does not allow the perpetrators to escape from punishment, then there will be no benefit from all that was said It is said about violence against women.
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FILETTI, JEAN S. "From Lizzie Borden to Lorena Bobbitt: Violent Women and Gendered Justice." Journal of American Studies 35, no. 3 (December 2001): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875801006673.
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On the morning of 4 August 1892, between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m., Abby Durfee Borden and Andrew Jackson Borden were murdered with an axe in their home in Fall River, Massachusetts. Why did the case spark so much interest at the time? Why did throngs of people literally block the street gawking at the Borden residence? Why did the country’s leading newspaper devour and report the daily happenings in this small New England town? Why, a century later, are ‘‘whodunit?’’ novels, plays, and films still being made about this gruesome double murder?
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Fondevila, Gustavo, and Rodrigo Meneses-Reyes. "Lethal Violence, Childhood, and Gender in Mexico City." International Criminal Justice Review 29, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1057567717743303.
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This article analyzes a total of 255 interviews with inmates in Mexico City prisons, all of whom were prosecuted for killing someone else (first-degree murder). A comparison is made between two groups of incarcerated murderers: men and women. Our aim is to illustrate and explain how gender interacts with other social groups in the composition of lethal violence in Mexico City, one of the largest cities in Latin America. Research findings suggest that, in Mexico City, women are more likely to use lethal violence against young victims, usually family members, and in closed spaces, especially at home.
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Pujolràs-Noguer, Esther. "‘She Was Such an Exotic Creature’: Feeding the Orientalist Machine in Agatha Christie’s Murder in Mesopotamia." Crime Fiction Studies 2, no. 2 (September 2021): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cfs.2021.0042.
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The Orientalist scenario that Agatha Christie’s Murder in Mesopotamia displays is an incontestable representation of the ‘Orient’ as an exoticised ‘Other’ that menaces Western civilization with its inherent tendency towards depravation and savagery. In Christie’s novel, the archaeological site configures a terrain wherein civilisation is safeguarded because controlled by Westerners and yet, civilisation is disrupted the moment a murder is committed and everything indicates that the murderer is ‘one of us’, not the oriental ‘Other’. However, the stranger that endangers the civilising integrity of an otherwise unpolluted, commendable Orientalist enterprise by murdering ‘one of us’ is none other than the victim, Mrs Leidner, who goes through an orientalising process that premeditatedly transforms her into the essential Oriental female, the Belle Dame sans Merci. This article aims at unmasking how the Orientalist plot of Murder in Mesopotamia is strategically used to condemn the woman, the victim, and exonerate the murderer, the husband. Hence, the ‘Oriental’ female that lurks behind Mrs Leidner’s ‘blonde, Scandinavian fairness’ ( Mesopotamia 28) is exposed whereas Dr Leidner’s past as a German spy is conspicuously undermined. What this Orientalist plot ultimately unveils is the prescience of ‘whiteness’ as a discursively constructed category just as elusive as gender.
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Mondello, Cristina, Luigi Cardia, and Elvira Ventura Spagnolo. "Killing methods in Sicilian Mafia families." Medico-Legal Journal 87, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025817218823675.
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The Sicilian Mafia is a criminal organisation founded in Sicily which is an island south of the Italian mainland in the Mediterranean Sea. Until recently, this organization was responsible for many murders and bombings. However, recently, based on the investigations known as the “Mare Nostrum” operation, the Supreme Court convicted 67 people and sent them to prison. Some defendants were found guilty of as many as 39 murders. This article reviews the forensic analysis that was used when investigating responsibility for these Mafia murders. Our review is based on the court documents and the ballistic investigations which were carried out to evaluate the reliability of “repented” or “pentiti” statements. The murder victims were almost all men but one was a woman all of whom had gunshot lesions; in many cases, the fatal injuries were to the head and face. Ballistic analysis showed that in more than half of these murders, more than one weapon was used. In conclusion, the forensic analysis of the murders shows the Sicilian inter-families’ dynamics and their characteristic operating methods.
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Wattis, Louise. "Violence, emotion and place: The case of five murders involving sex workers." Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 16, no. 2 (July 19, 2019): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741659019858371.
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This article examines a series of murders involving young women linked to sex work, which occurred in the same Northern town between 1998 and 2003. It explores the case on a number of levels. First, it situates violence, and these murders specifically, in the localised spaces of advanced marginality, which follow in the wake of deindustrialisation and economic decline. Second, the article links these murders to sex workers’ disproportionate vulnerability to violence as a result of social stigma and situational risk. However, informed by auto-ethnography and the growing recognition that there is potential for academic analysis within criminology to include the criminologist’s own emotional engagement, the discussion moves on to explore the author’s personal reflection on this series of murders derived from vicarious connection and proximity to victims. In addition, the author draws on the concepts of spectrality and haunting, which have gained currency across the social sciences, to illuminate the irrevocable connections between place, violence and emotion at the level of the local. The concept of spectrality offers a means of envisaging how the past continues to occupy and disrupt the present. Studies of place deploy spectrality and the figure of the ghost to consider how acts of violence and atrocity transform the essence of physical and social space. For the purposes of this article, the concept of haunting is used to explore these young women’s lives and deaths, which retain a strong presence in the collective memory due to their powerful connections to place, as well as the cultural work of the media in keeping them alive in the local imagination. Finally, the political potential of haunting – as a means to confront past and ongoing injustices, is also considered, which draws attention to the combined structural conditions in which these young women were murdered.
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Behrens, Susan Fitzpatrick. "From Symbols of the Sacred to Symbols of Subversion to Simply Obscure: Maryknoll Women Religious in Guatemala, 1953 to 1967." Americas 61, no. 2 (October 2004): 189–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2004.0127.
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In December of 1980 three women religious and a lay missioner from the United States were brutally raped and murdered by the Salvadoran military. This outrage brought international attention to the violence in El Salvador and led to a temporary halt in US military aid. The sisters were neither the first nor the most violently killed—8,000 people were massacred in 1980 and 45,000 between 1980 and 1984—but their rape and murder, the murder of Archbishop Romero in March of 1980, and that of six Jesuit priests in 1989 were consistently cited as evidence of the sheer brutality and impunity of the Salvadoran military regime. Killing priests and bishops and raping and murdering nuns signified quite simply that “nothing was sacred.”
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Cardy, Meghan. "Who Receives the Gift of Life?" Political Science Undergraduate Review 4, no. 1 (April 21, 2019): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur84.
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An organ donation is a matter of life and death in the most literal sense, meaning the Trillium Gift of Life Organ Donation Network, the regulatory body for organ donations in Ontario, is aptly named. In December of 2017, Delilah Saunders, an Inuk activist for the rights of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls, went into acute liver failure and was refused a spot on their waiting list. What was the reason the Trillium network cited in refusing Ms. Saunders? She had failed to meet the requirement of a prior sixth-month period of sobriety, a sixth month period wherein she had also been called to testify on the 2014 murder of her sister Loretta at the National Inquiry on Murdered and Missing Indigenous Women and Girls. The refusal gained national media attention and sparked furious debate, especially regarding the larger issue of the discriminatory experiences of Indigenous women in the Canadian health system. This paper argues that the policy that led to the decision to refuse Delilah Saunders a liver transplant, when analyzed through the intersecting lenses of gender and settler-colonialism, displays the continued commitment of Canada to the settler-colonial logic of elimination, especially regarding Indigenous women.
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Moral, Paulina García-Del. "Feminicidio: TWAIL in Action." AJIL Unbound 110 (2016): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s239877230000235x.
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Feminicidio is a Mexican adaptation of the radical feminist concept of femicide, usually defined as the misogynous murder of women by men because they are women. In this essay based on original fieldwork, I seek to contribute to Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) scholarship by providing a brief analysis of the engagement of Mexican grassroots feminist activists with international human rights law in their struggle against the systematic abduction, murder, and sexual abuse of hundreds of women and girls in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, and the widespread impunity enveloping these crimes. As a result of this grassroots activism, these murders became known as feminicidios. Feminicidio expanded the existing concept of femicide by exposing the complicity of the state in the killing of women by sustaining the institutionalization of gender inequality. Indeed, activists consistently claimed that the state’s tolerance for impunity perpetuates the notion that women are disposable, and violence against them is not serious. Moreover, they linked this notion to the patriarchal regime of neoliberal capitalism that supports the maquiladora industry in Ciudad Juárez. Activists further drew on international human rights law. They invoked the due diligence obligation to conceptualize the responsibility of the Mexican state for failing to effectively prevent, investigate, and punish the murder of women—despite evidence of a systematic pattern of gendered violence that could only be understood by taking into consideration the intersecting structural gender and class inequalities that feminicidio revealed.
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Freysteinsdóttir, Freydís Jóna. "Femicide in a small Nordic welfare society." Journal of Comparative Social Work 13, no. 1 (July 25, 2018): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v13i1.158.
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The purpose of this study was to examine femicide cases in Iceland, which is a small Nordic welfare society. Cases of femicide were explored during a 30-year time period from 1986-2015. Femicide was defined as the murder of a woman by a partner, former partner or related to passion. Verdicts and news of the incidents were analysed. Verdicts were found using the search machine Fons Juries, run by a private legal company, which collected all verdicts from the Supreme Court from 1920, and all verdicts from the district courts existing in electric form. News that included murders of women was collected from websites of the main newspapers in Iceland. Eleven women were killed during this time period according to the definition used in this study. Most of the incidents happened in the home of the perpetrator, victim or both. Nearly all of them took place during the night or in the evening during weekends, with more incidents occurring during cold and dark months than brighter and warmer months. All of them took place in the capital city or in that area. Strangulation was the most common murder method, followed by stabbing the woman with a knife. Only one woman was shot, and that perpetrator was the only one who killed himself afterward. The mean age of the perpetrators was 29. Most of them had a low level of education or their education was unknown, and had a low paying job. Two-thirds of them were under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs when the incident happened and the majority had a psychiatric problem, mainly personality disorders or symptoms of such disorders, such as antisocial personality disorder. Even though it is rare, femicide incidents do exist in a small Nordic welfare society such as Iceland, despite an extensive welfare policy and gender equality.
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Rodríguez Cárcela, Rosa, and Agustín López Vivas. "Tratamiento informativo de la violencia de género: asesinatos de mujeres. Análisis de la agencia EFE." Ámbitos. Revista Internacional de Comunicación, no. 47 (2020): 23–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ambitos.2020.i47.02.
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Bailey, Victor. "The Shadow of the Gallows: The Death Penalty and the British Labour Government, 1945–51." Law and History Review 18, no. 2 (2000): 305–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744298.
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The punishment prescribed by English law for murder in the first half of the twentieth century was death. A judge had to pronounce this sentence upon a person convicted of murder, except in two special classes of cases: persons under eighteen years of age at the time of the offense and pregnant women. He had no discretion to impose any less severe sentence. While retribution survived only in a symbolic form elsewhere in the criminal law, capital punishment, as Oxford criminologist Max Grunhut maintained, was a “powerful relic of retaliation in kind.” The law still reflected the ancient concept that every murderer forfeits his life becauce he has taken another's life: “He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.”
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Peternelj-Taylor, Cindy. "Missing and Murdered Women." Journal of Forensic Nursing 10, no. 4 (2014): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jfn.0000000000000054.
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Ruiz, María. "Embroidering Mexico’s Murdered Women." NACLA Report on the Americas 53, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714839.2021.1923211.
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Edwards, Susan. "Descent into Murder: Provocation's Stricture—The Prognosis for Women Who Kill Men Who Abuse Them." Journal of Criminal Law 71, no. 4 (August 2007): 342–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.2007.71.4.342.
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This article considers the ruling in Attorney-General for Jersey v Holley1 and its impact on limiting the ambit of the defence of provocation by restoring to the reasonable person a normative capacity for self-control. In particular, the implications of this limitation on legal outcome in cases where women kill men who abuse them are explored. The inevitable demise of provocation as a defence, which follows from the ruling in Holley, is of particular concern as is the new framework for sentencing in convictions for murder2 which in removing judicial discretion from the sentencing decision prohibits judges from tempering the harshness of the mandatory sentence. This new murder/sentencing regime will undoubtedly result in injustice, especially in those cases where battered women kill, which, although deserving of mitigation, nevertheless fail to satisfy the strictures of provocation's requirements post Holley, thereby resulting in an increase in convictions for murder. The Law Commission's report on Murder, Manslaughter and Infanticide3 recommends a new framework for murder and manslaughter, including a new definition of provocation and also a new direction in the murder sentencing framework. This area of the law is still far from fixed.
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Gomez, Abel. "(Re)writing, (Re)righting, (Re)riteing Hupa Womanhood." Bulletin for the Study of Religion 47, no. 3-4 (April 8, 2019): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.37432.
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In We Are Dancing For You, Risling Baldy explores the meaning and process of the revival of the Ch'ilwa:l, the Flower Dance, a coming-of-age ceremony for women of her tribe. The text opens with an epigraph from Lois Risling, a Hupa medicine woman and the author's mother, "The Flower Dance is a dance that I wish all young women could have. . . .[This dance] does heal. That kind of intensive trauma where women have been abused and mutilated both spiritually and emotionally and physically." (ix). These words offer a sense of what is at stake in this text. As Risling Baldy explains, Native women in what is now known as California were targets of strategic attacks of genocide by settler colonial governments through rape, murder, missionization, boarding schools, and assimilation. Such attacks worked to erase Native women's leadership, power, and ceremonial traditions. We can see the legacy of similar acts of violence in the ongoing epidemic of missing and murdered Indigenous women, girls, and two spirits across North America. This work is personal, too, as Risling Baldy is a member of the Hoopa Valley Tribe in northern California.1 She reflects on her own relationship as scholar and participant of the revitalization of this dance. Risling Baldy's text is particularly interesting in the nuanced ways she links the revival of this ceremony to Hupa cosmology, feminist theory, critiques of menstrual "taboos," embodiment, and decolonial futurity.
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Beniuk, Jodi. "Indigenous Women as the Other: An Analysis of the Missing Women's Commission of Inquiry." Arbutus Review 3, no. 2 (December 5, 2012): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/tar32201211643.
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In this paper, I discuss the ways in which Indigenous women are Othered by the proceedings of the Missing Women‘s Commission of Inquiry (MWCI). First, I give a basic overview of Beauvoir‘s theory of women as Others, followed by Memmi‘s analysis of the relationship between the colonized and the colonizer. I use these two theories to describe the way Indigenous women are Othered both as Indigenous peoples and as women, focusing on the context of the twenty-six who were murdered in Vancouver‘s Downtown Eastside (DTES). The original murders were the result of the cultural reduction of Indigenous Women to their bodies. The negligent police investigations, as well as the misogynistic attitudes of the police, also demonstrate how Othering can operate within these institutions. I claim that the violence against women in the DTES was due to their status as Other. Notably, the MWCI, which is supposed to be a process that addresses the Othering-based negligence of the police, also includes instances of Othering in its structure and practice. From this, I conclude that we cannot rely on Othering institutions or legal processes to correct Othering as a practice. In the context of the MWCI, I suggest building alliances that support those who face this Othering as violence in their everyday lives.
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Grover, Chris, and Keith Soothill. "‘A Murderous ‘Underclass’? The Press Reporting of Sexually Motivated Murder." Sociological Review 44, no. 3 (August 1996): 398–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1996.tb00430.x.
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The ‘underclass’ is widely held by commentators of the Right to be responsible for a host of social problems, including violent crime. This paper shows how in the reporting of sexually motivated murder in a sample of nine British newspapers for one complete year (1992), the image constructed is one where unemployed and other marginalised men are portrayed as the main perpetrators of sexual violence. This, the authors argue, hampers our understanding of sexual violence, for it suggests that it is only men of a ‘low’ socio-economic background who are a potential threat to women and children. It is also suggested that the ‘symbolic environment’ of the press reporting of sexual murder provides a context in which a more authoritarian benefit regime and greater control of poor communities can be spuriously justified.
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Deretić, Nataša. "The ancient Roman ius vitae ac necis (the right to life and death) and modern abuse of women (femicide)." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta, Novi Sad 54, no. 2 (2020): 693–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrpfns54-24606.
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This paper attempts to answer the question as to whether the right to "life and death" of a woman (ius vitae ac necis) at the hands of male family members or partners is indeed a timeless category. Is it possible that in Serbia of the 21st century there is still a struggle to promote the "right to life" of women to the level of "basic human rights"? What contributed to the fact that the concept of innate human dignity based on "human rights", which dates back from the feudal social order, has not as yet fully come to life in Serbia as far as women are concerned. What social circumstances contributed to the Roman ius vitae ac necis to outlive centuries and take root especially in Serbia, only under a different name - that of femicide? This notion has been defined as "gender based murder of women, girls, and babies of female sex by persons of the male sex". The murderers in cases of femicide include partners (ex / current, spouses or extramarital), family members or relatives: father, father-in-law, son, son-in-law, etc. Both expert and general public wander whether enforcing more stringent norms by authorities or acting towards changing the consciousness of the abusers or both at the same time, can contribute to eradicating this devastating phenomenon in the 21st century.
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Seal, Lizzie, and Alexa Neale. "‘In His Passionate Way’: Emotion, Race and Gender in Cases of Partner Murder in England and Wales, 1900–39." British Journal of Criminology 60, no. 4 (January 13, 2020): 811–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz085.
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Abstract This article examines 10 capital cases of men of colour sentenced to death in England and Wales for intimate murders of white British women during 1900–39. It argues that such cases enable analysis of the prevailing emotional norms of this era and the ways in which these were shaped by race, gender and class. Perceptions of intimate relationships as legitimate or illegitimate—judgments about who should feel what about whom—‘is’ related to understandings of citizenship. In revealing the emotional norms at play in cases of murder, it is possible to illustrate how the criminal justice system governed through emotion.
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Frost, Ginger S. "“Such a Poor Finish”." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 42, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2016.420306.
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Historians usually analyze changing gender constructions in the criminal courts after World War I through cases involving men and women. Using a different analytical lens this article explores two well-publicized murder trials involving war veterans and illegitimate children, one of a soldier who murdered his wife’s daughter from an adulterous affair and one who killed his own son. Although notions of masculinity had changed, the police, courts, and Home Office used traditional factors to assess punishments, including the degree of provocation, the behavior of the women involved, and the issue of deterrence. The press, however, was more sympathetic to the veterans, regarding them as victims of circumstances, much like women who committed infanticide. This new presentation did not succeed with the Home Office, especially as the war moved further into the past. By 1925, men’s war service had less influence on punishment than Victorian ideas of gender and criminal responsibility.
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Mulryan, Niamh, Pat Gibbons, and Art O'Connor. "Infanticide and child murder — admissions to the Central Mental Hospital 1850-2000." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 19, no. 1 (March 2002): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700006777.
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AbstractInfanticide and child murders have been known to all civilisations throughout time. This study looks at the problem from an Irish perspective, particularly with regard to the forensic psychiatry service. The case notes and legal files of 64 women admitted to the Central Mental Hospital (CMH), Dublin, between May 1850 and 2000 were examined. This group represents a complete sample of female inpatients charged with these offenses over the 150 year history of the institution. Sociodemographic and clinical data were analysed to provide psychiatric and social backgrounds to the cases. There has been a considerable decrease in the number of women admitted to the CMH on charges or conviction for infanticide and child murder in recent years. It appears that the attitude of the judiciary to these women has altered. The cases are discussed in the context of the prevailing attitudes of the era.
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Kyoung Park. "The Ideal images of the spousal relationship in the latter half of Joseon dynasty - examined through judgments on murder cases in 『Chugwan-ji(秋官志)』 -." Women and History ll, no. 10 (June 2009): 35–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22511/women..10.200906.35.
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Asrita, Stara. "Konstruksi Feminisme Perempuan Sumba." ARISTO 7, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ars.v7i1.1388.
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In much feminist literatures show that women often have been underneath men power. This study aims to analyze about women representation in film “Marlina si Pembunuh dalam Empat Babak”. The method is critical discourse to see hidden contexts in this film with a gender perspective. Some scenes show that woman had a choice to protect herself. The main character of this film, Marlina tried to give a poison and murdered the thieves who want to robber and rape her. Those Marlina’s acts were different if we comparing with women stereotype that existed. Women were described as a second person, gentle and depend on men. The feminist movement in this film show women’s emancipation in social life, struggle to protect her body and family problems in Sumba’s woman.
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Poza, E. De la, L. Jódar, and S. Barreda. "Mathematical Modeling of Hidden Intimate Partner Violence in Spain: A Quantitative and Qualitative Approach." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8372493.
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The fact that women are abused by their male partner is something that happens worldwide in the 21st century. In numerous cases, abuse only becomes publicly known when a fatal event occurs and is beyond any possible remedy, that is, when men murder their female partner. Since 2003, 793 (September 4, 2015) women have been assassinated by their significant other or excouple in Spain. Only 7.2% of murdered women had reported their fear and previous intimate partner violence (IPV) to the police. Even when the number of female victims is comparable to the number of victims by terrorism, the Government has not assigned an equal amount of resources to diminish the magnitude of this hidden social problem. In this paper, a mathematical epidemiological model to forecast intimate partner violence in Spain is constructed. Both psychological and physical aggressor subpopulations are predicted and simulated. The model’s robustness versus uncertain parameters is studied by a sensitivity analysis.
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Cusson, Maurice, and Raymonde Boisvert. "L’homicide conjugal à Montréal, ses raisons, ses conditions et son déroulement." Criminologie 27, no. 2 (August 16, 2005): 165–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017359ar.
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Conjugal homicide is a situation where one person murders another person with whom he or she is involved through a matrimonial, quasi-matrimonial or other romantic relationship, the study of this type of homicide is based on the entirety of conjugal murders known to police (77) and committed in different municipalities on the island of Montreal during two time periods, namely 1954 to 1962 and 1985 to 1989. The great majority of these crimes are committed by a man onto a woman. Analyses show that possessiveness — understood to be the desire of one person to exclusively control the other — is by far the reason which leads a man to murder the woman he supposedly loves. However, this desire to possess or control is not in itself sufficient for a man to execute his criminal activity, since a number of conditions must coexist : the woman questions her relationship with the man ; the man may physically strike the woman ; the man has the advantage of greater physical strength; the period of time involved is sufficiently lengthy allowing the crisis to develop and enter its critical phase and finally, the perpetrator succeeds in surpassing the inhibitions which initially impede one from killing another.
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Oeler, Karla. "The Dead Wives in the Dead House: Narrative Inconsistency and Genre Confusion in Dostoevskii's Autobiographical Prison Novel." Slavic Review 61, no. 3 (2002): 519–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090300.
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In Notes from the Dead House, fictional narrator Aleksandr Petrovich Gorianchikov appears as wife murderer in the preface and as a political prisoner in the memoirs. In the preface, Gorianchikov experiences moral anguish over his crime. But the memoirs actively employ social analysis to shift the burden of guilt from convicts onto the social structure. This authoritarian structure, which divides society into an underclass of ignorant “children” ruled by violent “fathers,” notably excludes women. The murder of a second wife in an inset tale brutally enacts this exclusion: while Gorianchikov's social analysis helps him understand many of the prisoners, it cannot account for the convict Shishkin's murder of his wife Akulka. Gorianchikov's personal guilt for murdering his wife constitutes a response to—and a repetition of—the moral bewilderment that emerges out of Akulka's death. Seen in this light, the formal tensions between preface, memoir, and inset tale are motivated by and demonstrate a conflict between social analysis and individual responsibility.
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Craig, Elaine. "Person(s) of Interest and Missing Women: Legal Abandonment in the Downtown Eastside." McGill Law Journal 60, no. 1 (December 8, 2014): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027718ar.
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The criminal prosecution of Robert Pickton involved an eleven-month jury trial, two appeals to the British Columbia Court of Appeal, an appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, and seventy-six reported judicial rulings. This article, through a combination of discursive and doctrinal analyses of these seventy-six decisions, examines what was (not) achieved by the Pickton trial. It discusses three areas: the judicial representation of the women Pickton was prosecuted for murdering; the implications of the jury’s verdict in the Pickton proceedings; and the impact of the Pickton trial on the families of the women he murdered. The article starts from the premise that it is correct to characterize these murders as a product of collective violence. Colonialism, political and legal infrastructure, and public discourse—and hegemonies based on race, class, and gender that these processes, institutions, and practices hold in place—produced a particular class of vulnerable women, the police who failed them, and Robert Pickton. The article concludes by suggesting that the outcomes of the Pickton prosecution both highlight the limitations of the criminal justice system and offer an analytical framework for examining other institutional responses (such as the Missing Women’s Inquiry) to the kind of collective violence that gave rise to the Pickton circumstance.
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Sullivan, Nikki, and Cathy Hawkins. "Broadmoor's Early ‘Pleasure Women’, or the Somatechnics of Maternal Filicide in Late Nineteenth-Century Britain." Somatechnics 9, no. 2-3 (December 2019): 310–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2019.0286.
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Drawing on primary and secondary sources including Broadmoor Criminal Lunatic Asylum patient files (specifically for the years 1863–1874), trial notes, newspaper reports, medical treatises, parliamentary debates, government reports, and juridical texts, this paper offers a critical genealogy of what we identify as the key somatechnologies that contributed to the gathering together, for the first time in British history, of a large number of women who murdered (or attempted to murder) their offspring in a purpose-built asylum for the criminally insane. Our analysis offers a (necessarily partial) mapping of the dispositif – that is, the ‘thoroughly heterogeneous ensemble … of discourses, institutions, architectural forms, regulatory decisions, laws, administrative measures, scientific statements, philosophical, moral and philanthropic propositions' ( Foucault 1980b : 194) – that we contend engendered a culturally- and historically-specific configuration of the maternal filicide that thoroughly saturated the lives of women on whom this study is based.
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Stasiūnienė, Jurgita, Viktoras Justickis, and Algimantas Jasulaitis. "Newborn Murder and its Legal Prevention." Health Policy and Management 1, no. 8 (July 3, 2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13165/spv-15-1-8-05.
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A newborn’s murder committed by his/her mother always causes an exceptional emotional response in the society. The fact of neonaticide evokes emotions not only because a new life is the most vulnerable part of the society unable to defend itself, but also the mother’s aggression directed to her own “ flesh and blood” contradicts the laws of existence, denies the power of mother instincts, unconditional love for her children. The aim of the work is to study the legal regulation in Lithuania, prevalence, dynamics of this crime, its murder locations, social characteristics of offenders, possibilities of applying preventive, rehabilitative measures and the new prospects to enlarge the efficiency of the legal persecution of the neonaticide in Lithuania. The retrospective investigation was conducted in a period from 1990 to 2012 by examining depersonalised statistical cards provided by The Information Technology and Communications Department under the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of neonaticide was carried out in terms of a holistic generalisation of the issue, i.e., the infanticide situation in Lithuania has been investigated in depth, practical recommendations have been provided to introduce new concepts to the scientific doctrine, to adjust the existing legal acts on neonaticide and to develop new legal acts, as well as introduce preventive and rehabilitative measures. Results have shown that women, who murdered their first-day newborn at the time of delivery or shortly thereafter, were relatively young, with low education, without any profession or occupation at the time of the crime. The most common crime location is village, inside the residential place of a woman. Lithuania has not yet adopted a legal neonaticide prevention system. In Lithuania, the legal provisions relating to the murder of newborn should be improved.
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Xingzhong, Sun. "A Survey of 217 Women Murderers." Chinese Education & Society 26, no. 4 (July 1993): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ced1061-193226047.
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Khoele, Kwena B., Paul H. De Wet, Hermanus W. Pretorius, and Jaqui Sommerville. "Case series of females charged with murder or attempted murder of minors and referred to Weskoppies Hospital in terms of the Criminal Procedure Act over a period of 21 years." South African Journal of Psychiatry 22, no. 1 (May 6, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.887.
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Women charged with murder or attempted murders of children are usually sent for forensic psychiatric evaluation. In South Africa research and literature on this population is scarce. A case series was studied of forensic files of 32 females charged with murder or attempted murder of children. These files contained information of such females. The forensic psychiatric observation was mainly to establish whether a psychiatric diagnosis could be made, and whether they were triable and accountable. Files from 01 Jan 1990 to 31 Dec 2010 (21 years) were obtained of cases observed in Weskoppies Hospital. The aim of describing these case series was to attempt to find a psychiatric profile of such cases, as well as to find other information e.g. Demographics. The findings, after forensic observation regarding their ability to follow court proceedings and their ability to contribute meaningfully to their defence (triability) as well as their ability to distinguish between right and wrong, and their ability to act in accordance with the said appreciation (accountability) at the time of the alleged offence were also reported. This information could contribute to make medical practitioners and mental health care workers aware of risk factors involving such cases and to encourage them to enquire about these risk factors.
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McKelvie, Stuart J. "Effects of Sex of Judge and Sex of Victim on Recommended Punishment of a Male Murderer in a Mock Scenario." Psychological Reports 91, no. 2 (October 2002): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.91.2.533.
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Two samples of undergraduates (36 women, 7 men; 44 women, 45 men) read a mock transcript in which a murderer's victim was a man or a woman, after which they made prison sentence and death penalty judgments. Female judges gave longer sentences for the female victim than for the male victim, whereas male judges gave longer sentences for the male victim than for the female victim. This same-sex bias suggests that extralegal factors can affect judgments about sentencing.
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Richie, Donald. "Imamura Revisited." Film Quarterly 63, no. 1 (2009): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2009.63.1.44.
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A review essay of a boxed set of films by Shohei Imamura——Pigs and Battleships (1961), The Insect Woman (1963), Intentions of Murder (1964)——exploring the Japanese director's teeming, demystifying view of social convention, women, and sex.
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Hughes, Linda K. "DAUGHTERS OF DANAUS AND DAPHNE: WOMEN POETS AND THE MARRIAGE QUESTION." Victorian Literature and Culture 34, no. 2 (August 25, 2006): 481–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015030605128x.
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If New Woman writing embraced everything from political reform, sexual freedoms, and economic and social independence to literary publishing, Lucy Bland and other historians have confirmed that New Woman debates often played out in terms of marriage, whether in Mona Caird's path-breaking 1888 essay on “Marriage” or her by-now familiar novel of 1894,The Daughters of Danaus. This title, taken from the myth of women in Hades condemned to haul water in leaky jars after murdering their husbands on their wedding nights, suggests both the futility of life for middle-class Victorian women and the latent, murderous recoil they could harbor. To fall back upon these two Caird works to exemplify New Woman writing, however, is in some ways to perpetuate a generic oversimplification that New Woman writing was a prose medium.
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Naziri, D., and A. Tzavaras. "Mourning and Guilt among Greek Women Having Repeated Abortions." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 26, no. 2 (March 1993): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/l0a6-3j36-um50-mk5t.
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Repeated abortion as a contraceptive method still remains very popular even among married women in modern Greece. This article presents the results of a clinical study concerning the bereavement process of Greek women after abortion. According to these data, illustrated by two clinical vignettes, strong identificatory tendencies are observed on both the mother and father images, and, thus, abortion might be a replacement and/or displacement of a reparatory character in relation to the “family romance” of each woman. It has therefore been argued that in several cases of repeated abortion, mourning and guilt do not only refer to a murdered and lost “person-fetus” but principally to the death and the loss of an object of ambiguous desire.
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Vidya, S. "Brutal Harassments against Woman in Last Decade." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v7i4.1626.
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Women are facing serious insecure circumstances in today’s society. Women are being subjected to various sexual harassment like Rape and murder, sexual assault, acid throwing, war rape, sexual violence, sexual slavery, forced prostitution, woman trafficking, and so on. Despite all available strict laws made by the legislature for preventing this violence, it remains pervasive through out the world. Even when stringent punishment were given in these cases, such barbaric activities against women are continuously happening every day in some place in our nation. Every woman who comes out of her home faces any one form of harassment stated above. This paper aims to explore the status of women in India in the last decade. It recollects some of the brutal and aggravated incidents of harassment against women in our country. The paper concludes with a message “Violence against women must never be excused and never be tolerated. Every woman must be respected and protected. It is the responsibility of every human being to STOP SEXUAL HARASSMENT.”