Academic literature on the topic 'Women private investigators'
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Journal articles on the topic "Women private investigators"
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Moloci, Nicholas M., Sarah Yee, David Tomczyk, and Gordon Sun. "Sex and funding trends in phase 3 oncology trials registered with clinicaltrials.gov." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2014): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.295.
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295 Background: Women have been historically underrepresented as authors of clinical research, which may obscure important scientific interpretations and perspectives. We examined whether primary investigator sex was associated with funding sources of registered phase 3 oncology trials. Methods: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov, identifying completed phase 3 oncology trials registered from 1/1/2005 to 12/31/2010. The first investigator sex and nationality, funding source, and cancer type were collected. Bivariate associations between first investigator and funding source were analyzed with chi-square tests. Temporal trends were analyzed using the Cochran Armitage test. Results: Of 1,365 trials, 882 listed an individual as first investigator and were eligible for analysis; 195 (22.1%) listed a woman as first investigator. From 2005 to 2010 the proportion of women as first investigator across all funding sources did not change significantly (p for trend >.05). The proportion of breast and gynecological cancer trials led by women was significantly higher than the proportion led by men (29.3% of all trials led by women vs. 17.8% of all trials led by men, p<.001). In contrast, the proportions of prostate cancer trials led by women and men were similar (7.7% vs. 6.8%, p>.05). The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded 95 trials with 32.6% led by women. Private industry funded 305 trials with 19.3% led by women. Of 659 trials funded by other sources such as universities and community-based organizations, 22.6% were led by women. The proportion of women leading industry trials increased from 11.3% to 27.3% (p for trend=.02), while the proportion of women leading trials by the NIH or other sources remained stagnant (p for trend>.05). However, the odds of a woman leading a trial funded by the NIH were 1.84 (95% confidence interval: 1.16-2.92) times greater than the odds for a man (15.9% vs. 9.3%). Conclusions: Women may be underrepresented as lead investigators of oncologic clinical trials, though they do appear to lead a substantial number of breast and gynecologic cancer trials. Primary investigator sex was associated with both funding source and cancer type.
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Martinez-Knouse, Phillip, Christie Hancock, Edward Nabrinsky, Timothy M. Lestingi, and Jacob D. Bitran. "Medicare compared with private insurance for the treatment of cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e19033-e19033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19033.
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e19033 Background: Insurance status impacts access to cancer care and outcomes of cancer patients. Patients who are uninsured and those who are insured by Medicaid are less likely to receive cancer screening, more likely to present at later stages of disease, and more likely to die from cancer compared to those who are privately insured. It is unclear whether patients insured by Medicare have different outcomes than patients with private insurance. Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of patients treated in our practice from January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019. Outcomes of solid tumor patients were tracked after treatment in the neoadjuvant or metastatic setting. Patients were stratified by their insurance status and we then compared treatment outcomes of patients with private insurance to those with Medicare. Results: We treated 86 patients from January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2019 including 63 women and 23 men with a median age of 62 years (range 22-88 years). Several types of malignancies were represented including 21 gynecologic cancers, 17 breast cancers, 11 lung cancers, 10 melanomas, 10 gastrointenstinal cancers, 7 lymphomas, 5 genitourinary cancers, and 5 other tumor types. Among our population, 48 patients had private insurance and 38 had Medicare. Thirty-four patients achieved either a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), 24 with CR and 10 with PR. Of those who achieved a CR, 11 had Medicare and 14 had private insurance. Among those who achieved a PR, 5 had Medicare and 5 had private insurance. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, insurance type did not predict likelihood of achieving a complete or partial response to treatment. Other investigators have suggested that patients with Medicare have poorer outcomes than those with private insurance. One potential explanation for the discrepancy between their data and ours is that we have dedicated system designed to accelerate pre-certifications. Additional investigation is warranted to better understand these trends.
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Christmas, Colleen, Samuel C. Durso, Steven J. Kravet, and Scott M. Wright. "Advantages and Challenges of Working as a Clinician in an Academic Department of Medicine: Academic Clinicians' Perspectives." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-10-00100.1.
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Abstract Background The provision of high-quality clinical care is critical to the mission of academic and nonacademic clinical settings and is of foremost importance to academic and nonacademic physicians. Concern has been increasingly raised that the rewards systems at most academic institutions may discourage those with a passion for clinical care over research or teaching from staying in academia. In addition to the advantages afforded by academic institutions, academic physicians may perceive important challenges, disincentives, and limitations to providing excellent clinical care. To better understand these views, we conducted a qualitative study to explore the perspectives of clinical faculty in prominent departments of medicine. Methods Between March and May 2007, 2 investigators conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with 24 clinically excellent internal medicine physicians at 8 academic institutions across the nation. Transcripts were independently coded by 2 investigators and compared for agreement. Content analysis was performed to identify emerging themes. Results Twenty interviewees (83%) were associate professors or professors, 33% were women, and participants represented a wide range of internal medicine subspecialties. Mean time currently spent in clinical care by the physicians was 48%. Domains that emerged related to faculty's perception of clinical care in the academic setting included competing obligations, teamwork and collaboration, types of patients and productivity expectations, resources for clinical services, emphasis on discovery, and bureaucratic challenges. Conclusions Expert clinicians at academic medical centers perceive barriers to providing excellent patient care related to competing demands on their time, competing academic missions, and bureaucratic challenges. They also believe there are differences in the types of patients seen in academic settings compared with those in the private sector, that there is a “public” nature in their clinical work, that productivity expectations are likely different from those of private practitioners, and that resource allocation both facilitates and limits excellent care in the academic setting. These findings have important implications for patients, learners, and faculty and academic leaders, and suggest challenges as well as opportunities in fostering clinical medicine at academic institutions.
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Arnania-Kepuladze, Tamila. "Gender Features of Time Allocation, Gender Stereotypes and Labour Supply." Equilibrium 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil2011.022.
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Securing the well-being, protection of human rights and equality on the ground of age, gender, race, nationality etc along with sustainable economic development becomes the most important goal for any country. Gender differences in labor market are a problem of many countries. Being a larger demographic group, women have played a vital role in employment and economic development. Despite longstanding striving for gender equality, the inequality manifests itself in labor markets around the world. There is no common opinion on the reasons of the existence of gender differences in economic literature. After decades of research most investigators would agree that there can be no single-factor explanation for gender inequality in the labor market. One of the conventional explanations of gender gap in employment sphere includes the differences in men’s and women’s preferences in working hours due their stereotypical roles in the private and public life. This paper is focused on the study of gender feature of time allocation and its impact on the labor supply by men and women. For this purpose, based on the different types of activity, particular: income getting or income increasing promote activity, non-monetary income obtain activity, income-make activity, non-income-make activity, indirect-receipts activity, the author introduces the time allocation model which includes parameters such as working time, leisure, non-working time, using time, free time and time for satisfying an individual’s physiological needs. For the attribution of different types of practice to certain kinds of activity the “principle of dominant purpose of activity” was offered. According to given time allocation model, the pattern of features of labor supply by men and women is offered in the paper.
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Regnante, Jeanne, Mandi L. Pratt-Chapman, Kristin Bodiford, Regina Hampton, Virginia Leach, Glenda Maria Delgado Ramos, Chika Nwachukwu, Adrienne Tilbor, and Maimah Karmo. "The case for acceleration of prospective multi- stakeholder led community-based research in young Black women with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2023): 1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.1089.
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1089 Background: Black women face a three- fold increase in TNBC BRCA1 gene mutations. In TNBC, there is a higher rate of recurrence and metastasis to other organs. Lower access to timely care and more advance stage at diagnosis contribute to poorer outcomes. Black women have the lowest survival rate at each stage of TNBC diagnosis compared to other demographic groups. Research Question: Over the past 10 years, what real world community interventions have been published regarding risk for and diagnosis with TNBC in Black or African American women? Methods: Using the following keywords: TNBC, diversity, health equity, young adults, Black, African American, authors conducted PUBMED and Google Scholar searches for years 2011 to 2022 to summarize publications on community-based interventions with Black or African American women at risk of or diagnosed with TNBC. Results: A validated publication assessment revealed 70 publications: 63 retrospective and 7 prospective studies. Prospective studies were categorized using the NASEM cancer continuum of care domains. The number of studies that addressed the domains included: risk=1, screening =1, diagnosis=3, treatment=2, survivorship=1 end of life=0, outcomes=1. No studies reported the following criteria: A co-creation approach with community-based participatory research principles; interventions led by patients and Black women who are at risk for TNBC; multi stakeholder interventions led by community leaders or patient organizations with long-standing trust of diverse populations; addressing and resolving social drivers of health inequities, mental health, palliative care services or implicit bias; or inclusion in clinical studies. Conclusions: It is critical to address the disproportionate impact of TNBC in partnership with Black women. To achieve equitable health outcomes, we advise public and private sector leaders to make more funding available to support community-engaged approaches in high prevalence geographic areas. 1) Provide CBPR training and opportunities for diverse investigators and patient- and community-based organizations. 2) Build capacity for social needs assessment and interventions. 3) Employ community-based implementation science focused on all care continuum domains including the gaps between domains. 4) Increase public awareness of health issues in Black women and address resistance, access and eligibility for participation in clinical research. 5) Offer RFPs to transform care through collaboration between researchers, providers, patient and community-based organizations, health departments, and payers; engaging clinical and lay navigators and community health workers; design solutions that address barriers; and development and implementation of policy with a focus on standardization, accountability, and enforceability.
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Auguste, Aviane, Dorothy Phillip, Owen Gabriel, James St Catherine, and Carlene Radix. "Abstract 72: Socioeconomic Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuum in Saint Lucia: A Community-Based Study." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 6_Supplement (June 1, 2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr23-abstract-72.
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Abstract Purpose: Low socioeconomic status could contribute to insufficient access to care and the high cancer mortality in small developing island states (SIDS). However, disparities in care among cancer survivors are rarely studied in SIDS. We investigated for the first time the socioeconomic disparities across the cancer care continuum in Saint Lucia. Methods: We used purposive and snowball sampling to recruit adult cancer survivors residing in Saint Lucia. Trained field investigators interviewed survivors face-to-face with a structured questionnaire ascertaining their care experience and health services accessed. We used univariate logistic regressions to estimate odds-ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) measuring the association between socioeconomic status and cancer care. Socioeconomic status was modelled as binary outcome variables: educational level, private medical insurance and hot water at home (a proxy for income in Saint Lucia). Results: We included 50 survivors (13 men, 37 women). The majority of survivors were black, and diagnosed with breast and prostate cancer. Survivors who were satisfied with the information provided during their diagnosis announcement were more likely to have hot water (OR=5.0, 95% CI=1.3-19.0). Concerning, sources of funds for treatment, private medical insurance and hot water were associated respectively with less financial contributions from family/friends (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.1-0.9) and greater use of their own funds (OR=3.3, 95% CI=0.9-15.0). Patients who were provided with doctor’s contact information in case of concerns were more likely to have more than primary education (OR=6.3, 95% CI=1.3-31.1) and private medical insurance (OR=12.3, 95% CI=1.4-111.6). Overseas travel for cancer treatment was significantly associated with having private health insurance (OR=3.4, 95% CI=0.9-12.7) and hot water (OR=4.5, 95% CI=1.2-16.8). Having more than primary school education was associated with better perceived care experience (OR=13.5, 95% CI=2.2-84.0). Having private medical insurance was associated with greater access to supportive care services such as psychologists and physiotherapists (OR=3.6, 95% CI=0.9-14.5). Conclusion: Despite our small sample size and potential confounding, we showed some evidence of socioeconomic disparities across the cancer care continuum in Saint Lucia. Low socioeconomic status should be taken into account when considering interventions to reduce of cancer mortality in SIDS. Citation Format: Aviane Auguste, Dorothy Phillip, Owen Gabriel, James St. Catherine, Carlene Radix. Socioeconomic Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuum in Saint Lucia: A Community-Based Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 72.
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Charpignon, Marie-Laure, Leo Anthony Celi, Marisa Cobanaj, Rene Eber, Amelia Fiske, Jack Gallifant, Chenyu Li, Gurucharan Lingamallu, Anton Petushkov, and Robin Pierce. "Diversity and inclusion: A hidden additional benefit of Open Data." PLOS Digital Health 3, no. 7 (July 23, 2024): e0000486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000486.
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The recent imperative by the National Institutes of Health to share scientific data publicly underscores a significant shift in academic research. Effective as of January 2023, it emphasizes that transparency in data collection and dedicated efforts towards data sharing are prerequisites for translational research, from the lab to the bedside. Given the role of data access in mitigating potential bias in clinical models, we hypothesize that researchers who leverage open-access datasets rather than privately-owned ones are more diverse. In this brief report, we proposed to test this hypothesis in the transdisciplinary and expanding field of artificial intelligence (AI) for critical care. Specifically, we compared the diversity among authors of publications leveraging open datasets, such as the commonly used MIMIC and eICU databases, with that among authors of publications relying exclusively on private datasets, unavailable to other research investigators (e.g., electronic health records from ICU patients accessible only to Mayo Clinic analysts). To measure the extent of author diversity, we characterized gender balance as well as the presence of researchers from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and minority-serving institutions (MSI) located in the United States (US). Our comparative analysis revealed a greater contribution of authors from LMICs and MSIs among researchers leveraging open critical care datasets (treatment group) than among those relying exclusively on private data resources (control group). The participation of women was similar between the two groups, albeit slightly larger in the former. Notably, although over 70% of all articles included at least one author inferred to be a woman, less than 25% had a woman as a first or last author. Importantly, we found that the proportion of authors from LMICs was substantially higher in the treatment than in the control group (10.1% vs. 6.2%, p<0.001), including as first and last authors. Moreover, we found that the proportion of US-based authors affiliated with a MSI was 1.5 times higher among articles in the treatment than in the control group, suggesting that open data resources attract a larger pool of participants from minority groups (8.6% vs. 5.6%, p<0.001). Thus, our study highlights the valuable contribution of the Open Data strategy to underrepresented groups, while also quantifying persisting gender gaps in academic and clinical research at the intersection of computer science and healthcare. In doing so, we hope our work points to the importance of extending open data practices in deliberate and systematic ways.
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Holden, S., D. Mcwilliams, S. Smith, and D. Walsh. "OP0084 CENTRAL MECHANISMS TRAIT PREDICTS PERSISTENT KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS PAIN AT 24-MONTHS: DATA FROM THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 45.1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1595.
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Background:In the UK, 10% of men and 18% of women over the age of 60 suffer from symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA), and rising. OA knee pain can worsen without significant radiographic changes and pain remains a major problem for up to 20% of patients after total knee joint replacement. Chronic knee OA pain is augmented by central pain mechanisms, including central sensitisation. Measures of the level of central involvement in pain could inform clinical decision making. Self-report characteristics of depression, anxiety, cognitive difficulties, catastrophizing, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and widespread pain distribution together contribute to a Central Mechanisms Trait which is associated with central sensitisation and OA knee painObjectives:Using self-report questionnaire data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative Cohort Study (OAI) we aimed to evaluate the prognostic performance of baseline CMT for pain at 24-months.Methods:OAI participants with knee OA or at risk of knee OA with pain in the same knee at both index time point (48-months) and one year prior to that date were included (n=1984). Knee pain was measured using the Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain sub-scale, by reference to the index knee (the knee with the highest WOMAC pain sub-scale score at baseline). Questionnaire items were selected to assess the 7 available characteristics identified by Akin-Akinyosoye et al.[1], from which a single CMT factor was calculated by confirmatory factor analysis. Anxiety, fatigue and cognitive difficulties were assessed by single items, depression and sleep disturbance represented by multiple items, and catastrophising by using the Coping Strategies Questionnaire – Catastrophising sub-scale. Pain distribution was defined as a sum of other painful joints at or below the hip. A CMT factor was derived from the 7 characteristics using confirmatory factor analysis. The association between the CMT factor score and 24-month pain (adjusted for baseline pain, radiographic OA (Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) scale) and demographic confounders) was investigated using generalised linear regression with a negative binomial link function.Results:At baseline, participants had a mean (SD) age 65(9) years, a BMI 29.6(5.1) kg/m2, 60% were female, 19.8% were African American, KL score was 1.92(1.35) indicating that the majority of the cohort had radiographic OA. Model diagnostics informed the CMT model, with the final model having an RMSEA of 0.073 (90%CI 0.070-0.076). Data were consistent with a single factor model for CMT. In the multivariable model, higher baseline CMT scores were significantly associated with 24-month WOMAC pain scores, with or without adjustment for baseline pain and other covariates, including KL score (multivariable model; std beta=0.173 (SE=0.027), p=0.004). Association of baseline CMT was of similar strength, and over and above association of KL score with 24-month pain (std beta=0.164 (SE=0.038), p=<0.001). Adjusted regression coefficients and associated p-values are shown in Table 1.Table 1.Adjusted regression coefficients for analysed variables against WOMAC pain at 24-monthsVariablesStd beta (SE)PSex-0.096 (0.101)0.344Age, y-0.001 (0.006)0.881BMI, kg/m20.017 (0.010)0.088Index Knee Kellgren-Lawrence Score0.164 (0.038)<0.001CMT Factor Score0.173 (0.060)0.004Baseline Pain0.857 (0.035)<0.001n=1421, rows in bold indicate significant association (p<0.05), associations adjusted for race and ethnicityConclusion:CMT predicts worse pain prognosis with a similar magnitude to radiographic OA even after adjustment for other factors. A self-report tool which included items relevant to the characteristics included in the CMT may help to select people with OA knee pain with unfavourable pain prognosis. Poor outcomes related to central pain mechanisms or to joint structural damage might be amenable to treatments addressing central or peripheral pain mechanisms respectively.References:[1]Akin-Akinyosoye et al., PAIN, 2018. 159(6): p. 1035-1044.Acknowledgements:This abstract was prepared using an Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) public use data set and does not necessarily reflect the opinions or views of the OAI investigators, the NIH, or the private funding partners. The authors wish to thank the participants, principal investigators, co-investigators and staff of all the hospitals who have contributed data to the OAI. The OAI is a public-private partnership comprised of five contracts (N01-AR-2-2258; N01-AR-2-2259; N01-AR-2-2260; N01-AR-2-2261; N01-AR-2-2262) funded by the National Institutes of Health, a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services, and conducted by the OAI Study Investigators. Private funding partners include Merck Research Laboratories; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline; and Pfizer, Inc. Private sector funding for the OAI is managed by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health.Disclosure of Interests:Samuel Holden: None declared, Daniel McWilliams Grant/research support from: Pfizer and Eli Lilly, Stephanie Smith: None declared, David Walsh Consultant of: Pfizer, Eli Lilly, AbbVie and GlaxoSmithKline, Grant/research support from: Pfizer and Eli Lilly
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Greene, Carolyn, Bethany Deschamps, and Brenda Bustillos. "The Prevalence and Associated Characteristics of Food Insecurity Among U.S. Army Soldiers." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_046.
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Abstract Objectives Food insecurity affects 11% of the United States (U.S.) population and leads to decrements in health and quality of life. Aside from grey literature, little is known about food insecurity among military personnel. The purpose of this study was to identify prevalence, gender discrepancies, and characteristics associated with food insecurity among U.S. Army soldiers. Investigators hypothesized that female soldiers who experience food insecurity will have higher body mass indices (BMI) than male soldiers, and that earning less income, being un-partnered, and having dependents while unmarried would be associated with food insecurity, irrespective of gender. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 218 soldiers using the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module: Six Item Short Form and a demographics questionnaire. Independent samples T-test and Chi square determined differences between samples. Two-way analysis of variance assessed interaction and main effects of food insecurity and gender on BMI. Logistic regressions determined likelihood of food insecurity based on paygrade, gender, marital status, number of dependents, and barracks residence. Results Over 22% of the sampled population was food insecure. When compared to food secure individuals, food insecure soldiers were younger (23.6 vs. 26.6 years) and had fewer dependents (0.70 vs. 1.16). Food insecure women had higher BMIs (25.3 vs. 23.5 kg/m2). Barracks residency was associated with food insecurity (χ2 = 7.290, P = 0.007). Main effects were significant for gender on BMI (P = 0.001), but interaction effects for food insecurity on BMI were not (P = 0.16). Soldiers with the rank of Private (OR = 5.510, P = 0.029) and Specialist (OR = 5.750, P = 0.032) had increased likelihood of food insecurity compared to officers. Conclusions Female soldiers and barracks residents may be most affected by food insecurity, which may have health implications that could affect career advancement and retention. The potential impact of food insecurity on military readiness and resiliency indicates the phenomenon may pose a risk to national security. Funding Sources No funding was received to complete this study.
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Nanditha, Arun, Hazel Thomson, Priscilla Susairaj, Weerachai Srivanichakorn, Nick Oliver, Ian F. Godsland, Azeem Majeed, et al. "A pragmatic and scalable strategy using mobile technology to promote sustained lifestyle changes to prevent type 2 diabetes in India and the UK: a randomised controlled trial." Diabetologia 63, no. 3 (January 9, 2020): 486–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-019-05061-y.
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Abstract Aims/hypothesis This randomised controlled trial was performed in India and the UK in people with prediabetes to study whether mobile phone short message service (SMS) text messages can be used to motivate and educate people to follow lifestyle modifications, to prevent type 2 diabetes. Methods The study was performed in people with prediabetes (n = 2062; control: n = 1031; intervention: n = 1031) defined by HbA1c ≥42 and ≤47 mmol/mol (≥6.0% and ≤6.4%). Participants were recruited from public and private sector organisations in India (men and women aged 35–55 years) and by the National Health Service (NHS) Health Checks programme in the UK (aged 40–74 years without pre-existing diabetes, cardiovascular disease or kidney disease). Allocation to the study groups was performed using a computer-generated sequence (1:1) in India and by stratified randomisation in permuted blocks in the UK. Investigators in both countries remained blinded throughout the study period. All participants received advice on a healthy lifestyle at baseline. The intervention group in addition received supportive text messages using mobile phone SMS messages 2–3 times per week. Participants were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12 and 24 months. The primary outcome was conversion to type 2 diabetes and secondary outcomes included anthropometry, biochemistry, dietary and physical activity changes, blood pressure and quality of life. Results At the 2 year follow-up (n = 2062; control: n = 1031; intervention: n = 1031), in the intention-to-treat population the HR for development of type 2 diabetes calculated using a discrete-time proportional hazards model was 0.89 (95% CI 0.74, 1.07; p = 0.22). There were no significant differences in the secondary outcomes. Conclusions/interpretation This trial in two countries with varied ethnic and cultural backgrounds showed no significant reduction in the progression to diabetes in 2 years by lifestyle modification using SMS messaging. Trial registration The primary study was registered on www.ClinicalTrials.gov (India, NCT01570946; UK, NCT01795833). Funding The study was funded jointly by the Indian Council for Medical Research and the UK Medical Research Council.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women private investigators"
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Sudheim, Alexander. "Public crime, private justice : the tale of how one of South Africa’s top private investigators gets impressive results and what lessons the men and women of the public police force and the SAPS as an institution might learn from this." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13761.
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The role of the police is a fundamental one in any society and in South Africa this role is beset with a unique set of challenges which are organisational, institutional, operational, individual and political in nature. It is these I address by means of examining the South African Police Service from the perspective of the praxis, process, means and methods of a working private investigator in contemporary South Africa. My method in this undertaking is a journalistic one in which I use the narrative techniques of dialogue, description, pacing and reflection to bring to life the stories and characters of police officers; ex-police officers; private investigators; victims of crime and perpetrators of crime in order to bring to light some of the more pressing issues with regard to crime and its prevention in contemporary South African society. This lends drama and suspense to a non-fiction narrative and also involves the reader in such a way that they respond to and engage with the subject matter on a personal level, thereby evoking their own thoughts and feelings on the spectre of crime in South Africa and what the SAPS variously is, isn’t or could be doing about it.
Books on the topic "Women private investigators"
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Komo, Dolores. Clio Browne: Private investigator. Freedom, Calif: Crossing Press, 1988.
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Sleator, Shirley. Private investigator: My years undercover. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2009.
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McDermid, Val. A suitable job for a woman: Inside the world of women private eyes. Scottsdale, AZ: Poisoned Pen Press, 1999.
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Sleator, Shirley. Private investigator: My years undercover. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2009.
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Greene, Marilyn. Finder: The true story of a private investigator. New York: Crown Publishers, 1988.
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Jackson, A. J. This new mountain: A memoir of AJ jackson. Albuquerque, NM: Casa de Snapdragon, 2012.
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D'Amato, Barbara. Hard women: A Cat Marsala mystery. New York: Charles Scribner's, 1993.
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Mazzuki, Arabella. Undercover disguise methods for investigators: Quick-change techniques for both men and women. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C Thomas, Publisher, Ltd., 2015.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Women private investigators"
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Lopez, Lydia Bares, Francesca Costanza, Manuela Ortega Gil, and Sofia Strid. "Integrating Gender Equality in Economics and Management." In Gender-Competent Legal Education, 631–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_18.
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AbstractThis chapter deals with gender economics, gender and management, and gender and innovation. After introducing the general concept of feminist economics and its critique of mainstream economics, this chapter explains the meaning of gender indicators, gender parity, gender equality, and gender mainstreaming. It further investigates the factors causing inequalities in the labour market. Gender is afterwards addressed from a managerial perspective, embracing a multidimensional notion of performance, and considering both the management of private and public organisations. Finally, the topic gender and innovation is deepened by explaining the importance of intellectual property rights, as well as the poor visibility of women inventors in society.
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Rahbari, Ladan. "21. ‘Who Deserves a Chair?’ Performative Kinships and Microaggressions in the European Academy." In Migrant Academics’ Narratives of Precarity and Resilience in Europe, 213–24. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0331.21.
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In this chapter, the author reflects on the performative work that academics do in conference rooms and other spaces of academic performance. The chapter investigates the stark and sometimes harsh differences between research and (self)presentation performances and what happens in more private spaces by using an autobiographic approach. The chapter recounts a narrative based on the author’s experience with microaggressions as a visibly non-white and non-European woman researcher in conference spaces in the Global North. The narrative revolves around multiple experiences of everyday microaggressions and how (a sense of) belonging, and the allocation of time, space, and objects in institutional spaces of performance as its extension is often reserved for those who are considered insiders and ‘kins,’ namely white and mostly Western European academics.
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Abbott, Fern. "Disjointed Thoughts of a Female Private Investigator." In Women in the Security Profession, 263–73. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803817-8.00047-x.
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Duguay, Stefanie. "#Lesbehonest." In Personal but Not Private, 55–79. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190076184.003.0003.
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Abstract This chapter investigates how queer women integrate sexual identity into their self-branding on Instagram and Vine. These platforms’ digital affordances, especially Instagram’s filters and Vine’s looping video, provide users with heightened ability to attract attention and broaden the reach of identity-based self-representations. The queer women interviewed drew on these affordances to self-brand in support of their day jobs and side gigs, or in hopes of attracting fame through social media. They imbued self-branding with elements of sexual identity through three forms of labor: intimate affective, formulating relatable personal disclosures that convey intimate details; developmental aesthetic, acquiring and practicing skills necessary to create a persona aligned with one’s target audience; and aspiring relational, attempting to build relationships with those who have large followings on the basis of shared identity. The women dually experienced this digital labor as exploitative and alienating while also opening opportunities for greater social and economic participation.
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Ben Yahia, Karim. "Exploring the Intersection of Digital Transformation and Women's Operational Efficiency in Leading Positions in the Bahraini Governmental Sector." In Transformative Roles of Women in Public and Private Sectors, 46–67. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-3208-5.ch004.
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This chapter delves into the intersectionality of gender, digital transformation, and governmental operations in Bahrain, focusing on women leaders' experiences. It investigates the impact of digitalization, including ICT, AI, IoT, and ERP, on their roles, through qualitative interviews with 19 female professionals in governmental ministries. Findings emphasize digitalization's efficiency boost, notably through cloud computing, yet challenges persist in digital access and skills. Targeted training initiatives tailored to women's needs are imperative. The chapter highlights women's significant contribution to inclusive digital strategies and agile organizational management. It advocates for policies supporting women's equitable access to digital technologies and active engagement in governmental digital transformation efforts across the Middle East, serving as a beacon for similar populations in the region.
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Lake, Jessica. "“Has a Beautiful Girl the Right to Her Own Face?”." In The Face That Launched a Thousand Lawsuits. Yale University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300214222.003.0003.
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This chapter investigates the ways in which late nineteenth century concerns about the unauthorised publication of women’s portraits (in advertising, greeting cards and magazines) led to the legal formulation of a right to privacy in the US. It examines the history of this right within debates concerning the 1888 Bill to Protect Ladies, prior to Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis’ seminal article, and connects claims to a right to privacy to the advent of the New Woman and women’s broader struggle for equal citizenship. It argues that despite its emphasis on ladylike “modesty” and “reserve”, the case of Roberson v Rochester Folding Box (which led to the enactment of the first privacy laws in the United States) can be read as the protest of a courageous young woman against the use of her photograph within advertising that transformed her into an anonymous “pretty” object of mass consumption. This chapter compares her objections to the masculine language of liberty and freedom espoused in Pavesich v New England Life Insurance Co. In most of the early cases, a right to privacy was employed by young women who objected to their images being handled and circulated by others.
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Reza, Rajibur, and Lan Sun. "Impact of Gender Diversity on the Board of Directors on the Financial Performance of the Chinese Private Water Companies." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics, 68–98. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5342-1.ch004.
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China is facing an acute portable water problem and presents a picture of severe supply constraints. Thus, China's water crisis offers attractive business opportunities for foreign water companies as well as domestic private water companies. Hence, the private sector participation in the Chinese water sector is a hot topic. This chapter investigates the impact of gender diversity on board of directors on the financial performance of the Chinese private water companies using ordinary least squares (OLS) and unbalanced panel (random effects) regression models, which are estimated as the baseline approach on a sample of 19 Chinese private water companies for the period of 2010-2017. The OLS and random effects results show that number of women on board (WB), percent of women on board (%WB), number of female executives (FE), and percent of female executives (%FE) affect the Chinese water companies' financial performance. The results of this chapter are important for researchers, regulators, and policymakers to benefit from policies that encourage board varieties at an individual water company level.
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Haidarali, Laila. "Brown Beginnings." In Brown Beauty, 31–61. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479875108.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 explores the life of Elise Johnson McDougald, a Harlem educator, essayist, and social investigator. It studies her public and private writings, including a scrapbook she maintained as a record of her accomplishments. As a prominent educator and as a middle-aged woman, McDougald was a figure transitioning between the “woman’s era” and that of the “new woman.” For this and other reasons that emerge in the chapter, this chapter questions why she came to embody the “brown beauty” of the New Negro woman.
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Bernardini, Vittoria. "Collective Voices Online." In Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Women, Voice, and Agency, 55–75. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4829-5.ch003.
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The chapter investigates how women use the practice of speaking out in their activism to bring issues that are significant to them from the private sphere into the public sphere. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing how this was achieved in the case of the #MeToo movement, taken as the most prominent example of activism against sexual harassment in recent years. Using the conceptual tool of counter public sphere developed by Nancy Fraser, the chapter examines two relevant events from #MeToo: the sexual misconduct allegations against actor Aziz Ansari and the circulation of the so-called “Shitty Media Men” list.
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Kelly, Matthew. "Beatrix Potter." In The Women Who Saved the English Countryside, 75–150. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300232240.003.0003.
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This chapter highlights Beatrix Potter and the historical context of her accumulation of significant personal wealth. It discusses her two major sources of income: A northern industrial inheritance came to her in stages over the course of her life, and she earned a great deal as the author of a series of phenomenally lucrative children's books. The chapter then examines how Potter took a principled position on maintaining public access to the fells. It emphasizes that Potter placed little symbolic value on the collection of small donations from working people: she preferred quick transactions with single wealthy donors, enjoying high-powered negotiations. The chapter also looks at Potter's preservationism, arguing that it was predicated on a mix of aesthetic judgement and local priorities rather than a nationally orientated social progressivism. Ultimately, the chapter investigates how Potter freed herself from familial claustration in middle age for love, a companionable marriage, and a purposeful anonymity. Despite the enormous success of her books, and despite her close work with the National Trust, the chapter stresses that Potter's modus operandi was private and enabled by private means.
Reports on the topic "Women private investigators"
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Yeika, Eugene, Erica L. Kocher, and Carrie Ngongo. Integrating Noncommunicable Diseases into Antenatal Care in Cameroon: A Triangulated Qualitative Analysis. RTI Press, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2024.rr.0051.2401.
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Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have important implications for pregnancy outcomes and the subsequent health of women and their children. The aim of this study is to determine the status of NCD and maternal health program integration, identify barriers to integration, and explore what would be required to deepen integration of NCD care into antenatal care in Cameroon. We used two methods of data collection and synthesis: a desk review of policy documents and protocols and a series of key informant interviews with health system experts and managers working in public, private, and faith-based health facilities at central, regional, and district levels. Although screening for blood glucose and blood pressure occurs during antenatal care, post-diagnosis management is not well-integrated and often requires referral to specialists in higher-level health facilities. Key barriers to integration include lack of guidelines for the management of NCDs, financial constraints for facilities and patients, and shortages of health workers, medications, and supplies for laboratory investigations. Further integration of services for NCDs during pregnancy will require national guidelines backed up by system-wide strengthening of health information systems, insurance coverage, supply chain management, and human resource capacity, particularly in remote areas.