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Journal articles on the topic 'Women role in the Victorian era'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Dolgin, Ellen E. "Loosening the Stays: Victorian Shaw." Shaw 44, no. 1 (2024): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/shaw.44.1.0004.

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ABSTRACT This article for the special edition “Victorian Shaw” focuses on the intersections across social issues in the mid- to late-Victorian era that influenced the writing and reception of plays by George Bernard Shaw and contemporaries Wilde and Pinero. Shaw was an advocate for workers’ rights, as well as women’s rights, and spoke out in writing and orally to abolish the Contagious Diseases Acts that went after women but not the men who transmitted the diseases. Shaw’s connections to women activists are also featured; key speeches/essays by women are included. Shaw’s role as a theater crit

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ABDULRAZZAQ, Dulfqar Mhaibes, and Mohammed Mahmood ABBAS. "CRISIS OF FEMININE IDENTITY: A CRITICAL STUDY OF OSCAR WILDE’S LADY WINDERMERE’S FAN FROM FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE." Volume 5, Issue 3 5, no. 3 (2020): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26809/joa.5.024.

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This study explores the play Lady Windermere’s Fan by Oscar Wilde, and the feminist figures in the play and their role, to illustrate the dominant control of men in the Victorian period. And the discrimination towards women as a human being base on gender. This paper shows a piece of brief information about the author for what it has to do with Lady Windermere’s fan events. And demonstrates the feminism meaning and its impact on the events of the play, besides a short summary of the play. This paper focuses on the role of the fallen woman and how the author gradually transforms the audience's

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Novosadska, Olena. "Metaphorical Verbalization of the Concept 'Woman' in the Victorian Novels of Mary Braddon." Linguaculture 11, no. 1 (2020): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2020-1-0165.

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The representation of women in the written texts of the Victorian Era has received a great deal of attention and critics have analysed different strategies used for the description of women in novels. This paper looks at a particular device employed by the Victorian novelist Mary Braddon in the representation of women, namely, the use of conceptual metaphors. Women and metaphors alike are at once meditational and relational. A woman serves to mediate between man and man, man and Nature, man and Spirit. The research deals with repeated metaphors presenting women in the guise of foods, animals,

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Soltani, Hasti, and Ali Salami. "Female Liberation in John Fowles’ The French Lieutenant's Woman." Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío 35, no. 1 (2023): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.33975/riuq.vol35n1.1176.

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The researchers intend to analyze John Fowles’ The French Lieutenant's Woman to depict how the female protagonists reject the notion of being eunuchs and experience liberation and revolution within the social context. To carry out this study, the researchers analyze the female characters. This masterpiece revolves around the notions of love and sexuality. The French Lieutenant's Woman has been analyzed from different aspects of feminism. However, in this research, the purpose is to depict how Victorian women are able to break the phallocentric discourse by negating sexual differences and becom

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Stojov, Mirjana, and Vesna Anđelić-Nikolendžić. "Treading in fear: The struggle for women's rights: E. M. Forster's heroine Caroline abbot in pursuit of freedom." Reci Beograd 14, no. 15 (2022): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/reci2215110s.

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Gender issues have been a topic in written literature since ancient times. In the past, writers and philosophers questioned and often denigrated the role of women in society. Christianity brought to literature a model of two opposite women figures, a bad girl disrespected by respectable members of community, versus a good girl who represented all Christian virtues. In the Victorian and post Victorian era, women's emancipation became a major societal issue. In the early twentieth century, literature by and about women intensified. In the modern feminist era, particularly after women earned the

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Krampah, Hawa. "Liberating The Victorian Woman: Education And Marriage In Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre." IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 29, no. 12 (2024): 48–54. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2912034854.

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The Victorian era (1837-1901) is marked by rapid industrialization and moral conservatism, imposed strict expectations on women, confining them to domestic roles and limiting access to formal education and intellectual pursuits. Motivated by the systematic limitations placed on women’s intellectual and social development during this era, this study explores Brontë’s portrayal of the protagonist, Jane Eyre, as a figure of resistance against restrictive gender norms. In this paper, I have discussed the place of women in Education and Marriage during the Victorian era and the 19th century . The p

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Mutlu, Elvan. "A Rereading of Charlotte Brontë's Female Characters: Lucy Snowe and Jane Eyre." Premium E-Journal of Social Sciences 7, no. 34 (2023): 1135–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8404876.

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Producing some of the classic novels of Victorian literature, Charlotte Brontë is celebrated for her exploration of several themes such as social relations, gender roles, morality, and religion. Brontë creates her works in an era which is dominated by the concept of “separate spheres,” which enforces that women and men have distinct places in society. Within this context, the Victorian woman is often idealized as the “angel in the house,” and expected to be virtuous, submissive and patient. Any deviation from these standards is regarded as unconventional and m

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Shaheen, Aaron. "Strolling through the Slums of the Past: Ralph Werther's Love Affair with Victorian Womanhood in Autobiography of an Androgyne." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 4 (2013): 923–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.4.923.

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Love Affair with Victorian Womanhood in Autobiography of an Androgyne This essay examines the role of flânerie in Ralph Werther's 1918 Autobiography of an Androgyne. In his everyday male existence, Werther lived a life of self-alienation. Strolls through urban slums in search of same-sex pickups, however, allowed him to become the woman he felt himself to be at his core. Critical assessments of the memoir largely overlook his preferred model of femininity, which derived from Victorian-era assumptions that women were, psychologically and morally, little more than children. Autobiography shows t

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9

Ashrafli, Nazifa. "The gender problem in the 19th century summary." Scientific Bulletin 1, no. 1 (2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54414/porv2035.

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This article addresses the gender issue of the 19th century. XIX century in England. This century is generally considered Victorian, although this is not quite the correct idea. The Victorian era refers to the period from 1837 to 1901, when Great Britain was ruled by Queen Victoria. So Queen Victoria began her reign only in 1837. In the Victorian era (1837-1901), it was the novel that became the leading literary genre in English. Women played an important role in this growth in the popularity of both authors and readers. Circulating libraries that allowed books to be borrowed for annual subscr

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Dr, Eva Sharma. "The Mill on the Floss: A Scrutiny of Maggie Tulliver's Feministic Overtones." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 02, no. 12 (2017): 89–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1254538.

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Mary Ann Evans, using a pen name George Eliot was one of the leading women writers of the Victorian era. She was known for her intellectual insight and psychological permeation. Her importance as a writer was considerable because she gave a realistic touch to her novels, which acted as the mirror to the society of her time. The writing journey of The Mill on the Floss played an important role in George Eliot’s growth as a novelist, which showed her sympathetic attitude towards her characters. According to Pyle, The Mill on the Floss is, “Crucial to the formation of the narrative pr

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More, J. G. "The Evolution of the Gothic Tradition in Victorian Literature." International Journal of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities 01, no. 01 (2023): 01–05. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8210845.

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This research paper explores the evolution of the Gothic tradition in Victorian literature. The paper begins by examining the origins of the Gothic genre in literature and the influence of the Romantic movement on Gothic literature. It then discusses the characteristics, themes, and motifs of Victorian Gothic literature and its popularity in popular culture and media. The paper also examines the impact of social, cultural, and historical changes on Victorian Gothic literature and the role of women writers in shaping the Victorian Gothic tradition. The paper provides examples of Victorian Gothi

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DeMerell Provey, Robin. "Steinbeck’s “The Chrysanthemums”: Elisa Still Hoes the Long Row to Parity." Steinbeck Review 20, no. 1 (2023): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/steinbeckreview.20.1.0073.

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Abstract In the short story “The Chrysanthemums,” John Steinbeck creates in the main character Elisa an everywoman. While Elisa’s desires are never clearly stated, an examination of the psychology and circumstances of American women in the 1930’s still living in the fringes of the Victorian era suggests that women want more independence and adventure than society permits. Steinbeck, always ahead of his times, intimates that the idea of a woman’s being independent and assertive is an important part of being human, yet society at large denies these attributes to too many women, including Elisa.

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Puchal Terol, Victoria. "Pernicious Female Role Models and Mid-Victorian London’s Stage." Clepsydra. Revista de Estudios de Género y Teoría Feminista, no. 20 (2021): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.clepsydra.2021.20.03.

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Hutcheon identifies as ‘historiographic metafiction’ those pieces of fiction that expose that our cultural perception of past events is changing and malleable (129). Even though Hutcheon’s theory of historiographic metafiction has been mainly applied to fiction from the post-modern era, certain elements of historical inspiration can be traced back to fiction from the Victorian period. In this article, I propose to turn to the popular theatre of the mid-Victorian period to scrutinize the manipulation of historical female figures, paying close attention to the representation of Lucrezia Borgia a

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Mahbub, Tunazzina Binte. "Gender and Power in Victorian Literature: A Comparative Analyses." Journal of Literature and Linguistics Studies 3, no. 1 (2025): 14–25. https://doi.org/10.61424/jlls.v3i1.204.

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Strict class, gender, and moral dictates defined the social structure of the (1837-1901) Victorian era. In this framework, gender roles, especially for women, were limiting and complicated. By comparing four of the major novels of the period, Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, George Eliot's Middlemarch, Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles, and Charles Dickens's Great Expectations, it examines representations of gender and power in Victorian literature. Through the focus on the patriarchal texts of the oppressed fighting against the status quo, this research explores how writers of the time re

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Myers, Janet C. "PERFORMING THE VOYAGE OUT: VICTORIAN FEMALE EMIGRATION AND THE CLASS DYNAMICS OF DISPLACEMENT." Victorian Literature and Culture 29, no. 1 (2001): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150301291086.

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DEBATES ABOUT FEMALE EMIGRATION to the British colonies throughout the Victorian era routinely capitalize on the crucial role women could play in consolidating the empire through the civilizing mission. Advocates of female emigration frequently publicized the benefits of “matrimonial colonization,” a rendering of what is now called republican motherhood that defines women’s place in the nation in terms of their domestic and reproductive roles.1 The founding in 1862 of the Female Middle Class Emigration Society (FMCES) by two educated middle-class women, Maria Rye and Jane Lewin, marked a depar

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Jamil Shahwan, Saed, and Tasneem Rashed Said Shahwan. "Development of Literary Forms in Theater and Novel during the Victorian Era." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 8, no. 5 (2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.5p.49.

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Appropriate understanding and embracing of the literature in the 19th century in Britain, should be considered so crucial when it comes to writing of novel and the same as to that of theater. Although Radcliff & Mattacks (2009) point out the changes experienced in theatre during the Victorian era, this research further explains the role of human activities in influencing changes in literary forms. There are a number of factors that are seen to be taking place at this particular period, lack of some basic understanding hindered the whole concept of writing. This period was commonly referred

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17

Poorghorban, Younes. "Who is Oscar Wilde’s ideal woman? Constructing Victorian upper-class female identity in Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan." Ars Aeterna 15, no. 1 (2023): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aa-2023-0002.

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Abstract This article illuminates the definition of the Victorian upper-class woman following the dominant gender roles and conventions of the late Victorian era in the context of Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan. Relying on Butlerian analyses of sex and gender, Victorian female subjectivity has been investigated. I have studied two opposing representations related to Victorian upper-class female subjects. The first view of Victorian upper-class female subjects concerns the representation of intelligible-gendered identities that are represented in the Duchess of Berwick. As opposed to this, an un

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Chowdhury, Adiba Zahin, and Faisal Haque Md. "Exploring the use of Language in Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles: A Focus on Social Class and Patriarchal Mindset of Victorian England." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 10 (2024): 7930–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14004672.

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Tess of the d’Urbervilles written by Thomas Hardy explores the complicated social structure and patriarchal injustice existing during the Victorian era. In this novel, Hardy uses refined and colloquial language for characters belonging to different classes in order to portray social differences and highlight power and position.Tess, being a girl from lower class was a subject of exploitation and received physical and mental abuse from Alec, Angel and overall, the society. Alec often abused her verbally using words reflectinghis ownership over Tess while Angel and the society blamed her f

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Tasneem, Zaman Nova. "Dissecting Benevolent Sexism in the Victorian Novel Jane Eyre: A Study of Gender and Power through the Lens of Ambivalent Sexism." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 07, no. 12 (2024): 9171–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14511809.

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This research aims to find out how benevolent sexist attitude is depicted in the Victorian novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte. The research incorporates the Ambivalent Sexism Theory that provides a theoretical framework for finding out the benevolent sexist attitude by exploring the narratives, the characters, the relationships and interactions between the characters throughout the novels. The study employs a Qualitative Research Methodology to conduct the research. The necessary data are collected from textbooks, journals, articles, dissertations etc. The study develops a code scheming that

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Khasieva, Mariya Alanovna, and Bella Filushovna TShovrebova. "Social Utopia in Victorian Literature (based on the novel by W.G. Hudson "The Crystal Age")." Философская мысль, no. 11 (November 2024): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.11.71498.

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The subject of the study is to determine the main features and vectors of development of the Victorian utopia based on the analysis of W.G. Hudson's novel "The Crystal Age". For a long time in the era of antiquity and the Renaissance, one of the main aspects of the development of utopia was the correlation of an ideal society with socio-political, economic transformations and technological discoveries. The New European utopia was in many ways a continuation of this trend, increasingly bringing together the social and technological vectors of utopianism, when social well-being was directly corr

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Dr. Anuradha Chaudhuri. "Jane Austen’s Novels: A Study from Feminist Perspective." Creative Launcher 6, no. 5 (2021): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2021.6.5.16.

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To bring changes in the society, the role of courageous women and their sacrifices are always to be recognised though many a times, it is seen that they are deprived of it and are rather exploited. Jane Austen is alleged to be such a woman. Six of her novels, concerned basically with the themes of love, marriage and wealth show many progressive notes here and there in the respective texts. They vividly depict the life led by and psychology revealed by women in that age. Apart from that, these texts also reveal the author’s feminine realization and thoughtful propositions. Feminist policy of th

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Fenwick, Abel F. "Dazzled by brass and scarlet: The role of the redcoat in nineteenth-century British literature." Clothing Cultures 10, no. 1 (2023): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cc_00070_1.

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Sexual promiscuity was common in men of all classes and occupations throughout the nineteenth century. In spite of this, however, only middle-to-upper-class men or members of the military are associated with pre-marital sex within the mid-Victorian novel. The gentleman figure is used as a moral lesson about ‘proper’ conduct and remaining within the rigid confines of class boundaries, with the fallen woman embodying the worst case scenario of overstepping social norms. As the common soldier could provide neither social advancement nor a more financially beneficial arrangement, their positioning

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Mocbil, Ahmed Saeed Ahmed. "The Use of Satire in George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion to Critique Victorian Society." Manar Elsharq Journal for Literature and Language Studies 3, no. 1 (2025): 43–67. https://doi.org/10.56961/mejlls.v3i1.875.

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This research paper examines the use of satire in George Bernard Shaw's play, Pygmalion, as a means of critiquing and subverting the class divisions, social hierarchies, and gender roles prevalent in Victorian society. Through a thorough analysis of Shaw's satirical approach, the paper explores the ways in which he challenges traditional notions of superiority based on birth or wealth, as well as the limited roles assigned to women. The paper begins by providing a contextual overview of the Victorian era, highlighting the rigid class structure and societal expectations surrounding gender. It e

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Salamova, Aziza Sahib. "Feminist Ideas of V. Woolf on The Material of the Essay “A Room of One's Own” and “Professions for Women”." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 5 (2023): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230534.

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The term “feminism” (from Lat. femina – woman) was first introduced by French socialist theorist Charles Fourier in the beginning of the 19th century. Fourier wrote how what he called the “new woman” had the potential to change social life and the role of womanhood. He went as far as stating that “the empowerment of women is the main source of social progress”. Parallel to this new era of critical understanding, art needed to take not only new forms, but also contain completely new content. It is therefore not surprising that a peculiar refraction of the female image in English literature beca

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Putri Jayastu, Nathania Amany. "Breaking Gender Stereotypes in Enola Holmes 2(2022)." LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies 11, no. 3 (2024): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/lk.v11i3.59553.

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These days, one of the issues that is often raised in literature works is about feminism and gender issues. Women has been frequently discriminated against in the society due to the negative stereotypes. This issue is widely represented in literary works. One piece of literature that portrays feminism and gender stereotypes is Enola Holmes 2 (2022). Enola Holmes 2 (2022) is a film that tells about the struggle of Enola Holmes and other women in the Victorian Era to face various gender stereotypes in society. This research is done with the aim to analyze the depiction of gender stereotypes in E

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Albaqawi, Nasser M. "A New Historicist Perspective on The Question of Faith in W. Collins’ The Woman in White and E. B. Browning’s Aurora Leigh." World Journal of English Language 14, no. 5 (2024): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n5p545.

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The relationship between fiction and ideology is a crucial issue to many critical schools and theoretical approaches. Such an issue has been flowing smoothly across historical periods and influencing various social, historical, and cultural aspects. The Victorian era is one of these stages, and Victorian literature has played a significant role in determining the nature of such a relationship in the subsequent generations in England. Departing from the New Historicist theoretical framework, this study examines the views of two Victorian masterpieces, namely, W. Collins’ The Woman in White and

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Hasanzada, Turkan. "The Context of 19th-Century English Horror Stories." EuroGlobal Journal of Linguistics and Language Education 2, no. 3 (2025): 83–88. https://doi.org/10.69760/egjlle.2500200.

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19th-century English horror stories represent a significant literary genre that reflects the social, economic, and psychological changes of the period. Influenced by the Industrial Revolution and urbanization, these stories not only incorporate supernatural elements but also highlight the fears arising from technological advancements, urban life, and modern society. The horror stories of this era illuminate human suffering, the anxieties about irreversible changes, and the dystopian consequences of innovation. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein explores the dangers of uncontrolled technological progr

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Ishida, Yoriko. "Was Ida Lewis a Womanly, or a Manly, Woman? The Ambivalence of a Woman Lighthouse Keeper’s Gender Identity Between Masculinity and Femininity." International Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 5 (2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v7i5.4447.

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It is obvious that Darling could be mentioned as a most brave woman in doing the heavy labor involved in a lighthouse keeping and even saving shipwrecked people, but it is more particularly worth noting that Ida Lewis’s efforts saved the lives of at least eighteen people over a period of twenty-five years. This paper focuses on Ida Lewis, the most famous woman lighthouse keeper in the United States, and analyzes the gender identity of women lighthouse keepers. most studies that discuss women lighthouse keepers point out that, behind women’s being appointed as official lighthouse keepers in the

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Carroll, Rachel. "Black Victorians, British television drama, and the 1978 adaptation of David Garnett’s The Sailor’s Return." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 54, no. 2 (2017): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989416687350.

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The under-representation of Black British history in British film and television drama has attracted significant public debate in recent years. In this context, this article revisits a critically overlooked British film adaptation featuring a woman of African origin as a protagonist in a drama set in Victorian England. The Sailor’s Return (1978), directed by Jack Gold, is an adaptation of a historical fiction written by David Garnett and first published in 1925. This article aims to situate the novel and its adaptation in three important contexts: set in rural Dorset in 1858, the narrative can

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Dr., Samrat Banerjee. "Deconstructing Postmodern Narrative Techniques in The French Lieutenant's Woman." Criterion: An International Journal in English 15, no. 6 (2024): 295–301. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14605942.

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Postmodernism began after the end of the Second World War and was both an intellectual movement and a continuation and an experiment on modernism. The end of the Second World War challenged the ideas of identity, individuality, and gender relations. The old discourse could not represent the newly formed ideas and thus a new narrative technique was created. Postmodernism challenged the modernist approach to literature. Postmodernists believe the world to be meaningless and chaotic, without any single truth. Instead of controlling the readers' minds, postmodern literary texts tend to give the re

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Ovcharenko, Anastasiia Olegovna. "The peculiarities of women's socialization in the United States (turn of the XIX – XX centuries)." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 5 (May 2020): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.5.34289.

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Throughout the XIX century in the United States of America firmly established the ideals of the &ldquo;Victorian Era&rdquo;, according to which American women were considered the home keepers, had to create comfort and coziness, while men had to provide for their families. However, due to a number of factors, namely social consequences of the development of industrial society, and thus, emergence of the middle class, the prevalent in the society ideas underwent certain transformations. The article not only discusses the origin of the concept of &ldquo;Victorianism&rdquo; in Gre

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Lahinda, Alfianti Charmenita, Paula L. Hampp, and Imelda S. Lolowang. "WOMAN'S FIGHT FOR EMANCIPATION AS REFLECTED IN CHARLOTTE BRONTE'S JANE EYRE." SoCul: International Journal of Research in Social Cultural Issues 1, no. 5 (2023): 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53682/soculijrccsscli.v1i5.4249.

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This study aims to analyze woman's fight for emancipation in Jane Eyre novel by Charlotte Bronte, a novel written in the Victorian era and first published in 1847. Woman emancipation refers to woman's struggle to obtain rights that should be given in order for her potential to develop and function fully in certain aspects of life. In this study, the writers use qualitative research because the data are gathered in the form of words rather than numbers. The mimetic approach also employs in order to seek woman’s fight for a better life. There are two kinds of sources namely primary and secondary

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Rawlings, L. "54. CAPITALISING ON THE UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY OF THE HPV VACCINE, FOR A CERVICAL SCREENING PROGRAM." Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab54.

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The medical advancement of the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine and it's swift addition to the National Immunisation Program, caused a sudden surge in the public's awareness and interest in HPV. The challenge for PapScreen Victoria, a state based cervical screening program, was to react quickly and strategically to ensure that this new knowledge did not prevent women from having Pap tests. PapScreen pre-empted that the vaccine would have a huge impact on the current program, and undertook an educational journey to identify issues. The program sought expert opinions, formulated new partnersh

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FREITAS, Iná Bernardes, Mythras Baltar ALMEIDA, and Waldir STEFANO. "Marie Stopes em dois atos." Vita Scientia 4, no. 1 (2022): 38–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6864704.

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<strong>Resumo</strong>: Entre os séculos XVIII e XIX a Inglaterra passou por um período em sua história em que era reinada pela Rainha Vitória (1818-1901) entre os anos de 1837 e indo até o ano de sua morte. Esse período mais tarde ficou conhecido como “Era Vitoriana” e foi marcado por uma época de paz em que o país prosperou economicamente e culturalmente. Todo este desenvolvimento possibilitou que o país fosse se modernizando cada vez mais, ao ponto de ser referência dos mais diversos tipos de ciências e

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Doyal, Lesley. "Keynote Addresses: What Makes Women Sick? Promoting Women's Health: The Changing Agenda for Health Promotion." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 3 (1998): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98027.

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The creation of a National Women's Health Policy in 1989 put Australia at the forefront of developments in women's health. By contrast, in the United Kingdom there is still no clear strategy for improving gender equity in the health service, and many of the principles taken for granted in Australia are not even on the National Health Service agenda. The current reforms of our health service do reflect a backing away from the 'quasi markets' of the Conservative era. However, little attention has been paid during this process to the specific needs of women. So Australia is still ahead, with Vict

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Budilova, Oleksandra, Maryna Volkova, Svitlana Honsalies-Munis, Tetiana Aksiutina, and Oksana Vovkodav. "Gender Identity and Literary Expression: Examining the intersection of literature and sociocultural shifts." Traduction et Langues 23, no. 03 (2024): 111–34. https://doi.org/10.52919/translang.v23i03.1015.

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This study explores how perceptions of gender identity have evolved by analyzing works from different cultural and historical contexts in English, American, and Ukrainian literature. The research seeks to connect gender roles with literature, highlighting the diversity of identity expressions and their impact on the development of gender awareness. The study employed various qualitative research methods, including content analysis, inductive reasoning, and comparative analysis. Literary works by notable authors such as Virginia Woolf, Charlotte Brontë, and Olha Kobylianska were analyzed. The f

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Al-Janabi, Sajid. "The Legend of the First Woman in Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s “The House of Life”." Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 49, no. 6 (2022): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i6.3731.

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Various accounts of the First Woman’s story were included in sacred scripts regarding a woman who preceded Eve in the creation and addressed the role of being Adam’s wife. Lilith, the first female creature who showcased physical and oral resistance to God’s command, had acquired great attention in theological manuscripts and literary reproductions throughout history. This paper explores the enigmatic emergence of Lilith and the subsequent manipulations of her character. Moreover, it traces the chronological evolvement of her tale from the Talmudic Rabbinic tradition to the Victorian era. Also,

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Zhao, Qian. "Ideal Women for Who? A Comparative Study on Women in Traditional China and in Victorian Era." Academic Journal of Management and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (2023): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajmss.v4i2.11863.

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Although Gu Hongming is regarded as a master of western culture, he strongly supports traditional culture. And his ideas about Chinese women are surprisingly reminiscent of women in Victorian era. The author attempts to compare traditional Chinese women with those in Victorian period in terms of family life and marriage customs through close reading and literature review. Traditional Chinese women are similar to Victorian women as they preside over the home and assume domestic duties, which reflects that woman alike lived in a patriarchal society. Nevertheless, Chinese women and Victorian wome

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Erden, Yalçın. "Defying Patriarchal Oppression in Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre and Susanna White’s Film Adaptation." Journal of Literature and Humanities, no. 74 (June 25, 2025): 51–62. https://doi.org/10.55590/literatureandhumanities.1534605.

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Patriarchy has sought to subjugate women and consolidate male supremacy throughout history. Unfortunately, the systematic oppression of women also prevailed in the Victorian era. Jane Eyre (1847) by Charlotte Brontë, one of the masterpieces of the Victorian novel, not only displays but also challenges the patriarchal oppression of the Victorian era. Likewise, Jane Eyre (2006), one of the recent film adaptations of Brontë’s novel directed by Susanna White, successfully questions the subordination of women in that era while employing diverse narrative techniques. This study primarily investigate

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Pokhalenkov, Oleg Evgen'evich, and Sof'ya Evgen'evna Nikulicheva. "Female images in the novel “Arch of Triumph” by Erich Maria Remarque." Litera, no. 5 (May 2021): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35263.

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This article is dedicated to the analysis of female images in the novel &ldquo;Arch of Triumph&rdquo; by Erich Maria Remarque, particularly their symbolic meaning infused by the author into some characters. The research objective consists in the analysis of female images from the cultural, artistic and literary perspectives. The article employs structural analysis based on the methodology of N. V. Pavlovich. Special attention is given to the references to mythology for describing one or another image. &nbsp;The author substantiates the idea of the connection of each female characte

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Rahman, Cinda Amilia. "THE STRUGGLE OF VICTORIAN WOM EN IN NOVEL “LITTLE WOMEN” BY LOUISA MAY ALCOTT." British (Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris) 7, no. 2 (2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31314/british.7.2.90-98.2018.

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This research discusses Louisa May Alcott’s novel, “Little Women”. It is a story about four sisters and mother in the March Family. The novel, which has a background in the Victorian Era, addresses many issues about women. The description of women at that time, positions in the Family, Education and Public work environment. Therefore this study aims to determine aspects of the struggle of women in Victorian era in terms of family, education, and Public work environment using a gynocriticism approach. The data used documentation data where data comes from novels and other supporting sources. Th

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Rasulovna, Rashidova Feruza. "The status of women in the victorian era." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 12, no. 4 (2022): 728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2022.00345.7.

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Vasilyeva, Galina S. "The Theme of Women’s Fate in T. Hardy’s Novels “A Pair of Blue Eyes” and “Tess of the D’Urbervilles”." World Literature in the Context of Culture, no. 17 (2023): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2304-909x-2023-17-18-23.

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The article presents an attempt to analyze female images in Victorian literature using the example of T. Hardy's novels "The Gaze of Blue Eyes" and "Tess of the d'Urbervilles". Through the analysis of female images, as well as a system of motives that contributes to the disclosure of the theme of female destiny.The author of the article concludes not only about the position of women in this era, but also indicates the position of T. Hardy himself regarding the mores of the Victorian era and the place of women in it.

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Bailey, Emily. "Historical Cookbooks in the Study of American Religion." Bulletin for the Study of Religion 41, no. 4 (2012): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.v41i4.24.

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This study examines late Victorian era Protestant church community cookbooks as moral and cultural guides written by women for women (gendered texts), and examines the domestic roles and Christian practices of women in the years before and after the turn of the twentieth century. For this project I used a sample of eleven Protestant community cookbooks published from 1881 to 1913 to serve as case studies, illuminating the late Victorian period through the words and recipes of the women who wrote them. As domestic guides, the cookbooks employ paratexts, presenting recipes for food and life in b

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Mohammed, Saman Ali. "Mid-Victorian England and Female Emancipation: Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South." Journal of University of Human Development 5, no. 1 (2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v5n1y2019.pp109-118.

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One of the heated discussions of the Victorian era is female emancipation. In the heart of an industrial period when materialism, economic competition and public domain were dominated by men, women had the domestic sphere. The apparent difference between these two spheres was not tolerable for Elizabeth Gaskell and she critiqued it. Her novel North and South discusses the perceptions on women, the idea of industrialization, and class distinction in Victorian Era. Developing her main character Margaret Hale, Gaskell critiques her society and the mentality behind a perception of patriarchal and

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T, Dr Gokulapriya. "Wilkie collins’s the woman in white: the portrayal and identity of women in victorian era." Journal of Women Empowerment and Studies, no. 51 (June 2, 2025): 13–22. https://doi.org/10.55529/jwes.51.13.22.

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Wilkie Collins is an English sensation author and pioneer of detective fiction; he is renowned for his mystery and narrative technique. This study examines and portray the Victorian Age women and how the society’s expectations modified their identity and oppressed them till attaining their desire through Wilkie Collins’s The Woman in White novel. As in the Victorian era, this novel portrays the women are considered as subordinate and inferior to men who are considered to preserve socioeconomic empowerment. The patriarchal and gender restrictions that most Victorian women overcome to become ind

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Rindu, Septiane, Rusni Podungge, and Novi Rusnarty Usu. "Gender Inequality in Jack Thorne’s Movie Enola Holmes 2." Research Review: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 3, no. 2 (2024): 272–80. https://doi.org/10.54923/researchreview.v3i2.99.

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Enola Holmes 2, a film set in the Victorian era, portrays these inequalities through its female characters who face an environment full of gender-based restrictions. This article focuses on three main characters—Enola Holmes, Sarah Chapman, and Mira Troy—analyzing how their experiences reflect various aspects of gender inequality that have persisted over time. This study analyzes gender inequality in Jack Thorne’s Enola Holmes 2 through the lens of Fakih’s theory, which identifies five manifestations of gender inequality: stereotypes, subordination, marginalization, violence, and double worklo

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Qi, Linshuo. "Women’s Voices in the Victorian Era – Feminist Consciousness in the Bronte Sisters’ Works." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 5, no. 5 (2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v5i5.2154.

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Before the Victorian era, it was rare for women to be authors and writers to fix the protagonists of their works as female characters. However, in the 19th century, there was a rapid increase of women writers and emphasis on feminist consciousness. Among all the works of women writers, Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which were written by the Bronte sisters were distinctive. The Bronte sisters conveyed their feminist consciousness and described the society in their works. Both works emphasized romantic relationships as the narrative thread. By shaping the female characters in their works as se

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Ninčetović, Nataša V. "Commodification of Women and Female Struggle for Power in Thackeray’s „Vanity Fair“." УЗДАНИЦА XIX, no. 1 (2022): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uzdanica19.1.245n.

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Indoctrination of women in Great Britain reached its peak during the Victorian age. The embodiment of this peak is the phenomenon of separate spheres. The Victorian culture categorized women as either Angels in the House or fallen women. These moulds were reflected in the Victorian novel. In contrast to common categorization of women, Thackeray makes an effort in Vanity Fair to represent real women, women who do not fit into prescribed types and definitions. This research attempts to prove that both Becky and Amelia are aware of their inferior position. Both of them do what they consider socia

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Bae, Hye-Jeong. "“Women wear Trousers”: Rational Dress Reform in the Victorian Era." History & the Boundaries 117 (December 31, 2020): 307–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52271/pkhs.2020.12.117.307.

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