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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Women Women in Christianity. Mental health

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Academic literature on the topic 'Women Women in Christianity. Mental health'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Women Women in Christianity. Mental health"

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Strickland, Bonnie R. "Women and Mental Health." Psychology of Women Quarterly 9, no. 1 (1985): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036168438500900101.

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Gise, Leslie Hartley. "Women and Mental Health." Psychiatric Services 52, no. 4 (2001): 543—a—544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.52.4.543-a.

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Junaid, O. "Women and mental health." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 10 (1991): 644–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.10.644-a.

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Wetzel, Janice Wood. "Women and mental health." International Social Work 43, no. 2 (2000): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002087280004300206.

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This article is based upon the author’s presentation at the UN Third Annual World Mental Health Day, the first Day to be devoted to women and mental health. The author argues that the psychosocial conditions commonly shared by women throughout the world result in their universally high rates of mental illness and emotional distress. Solutions are global in origin, based upon a comprehensive personal, social and economic model for the prevention of mental illness and the promotion of mental health.

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Alldred, Pam, Helen Crowley, and Rita Rupal. "Women and Mental Health." Feminist Review 68, no. 1 (2001): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01417780110074784.

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Niaz, Unaiza. "Women and mental health." Open Journal of Psychiatry & Allied Sciences 7, no. 2 (2016): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2394-2061.2016.00029.x.

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Martin, Margaret E., and Michie N. Hesselbrock. "Women Prisoners' Mental Health." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 34, no. 1 (2001): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j076v34n01_03.

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Collective, Women's. "Women and Mental Health." Mental Health Review Journal 7, no. 1 (2002): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13619322200200002.

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Semenova, Natalia Dmitrievna. "Women and mental health." International Journal of Culture and Mental Health 11, no. 1 (2017): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17542863.2017.1394675.

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Pattison, H. "Book: Women and Schizophrenia Women and Mental Health." BMJ 323, no. 7304 (2001): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7304.114/a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women Women in Christianity. Mental health"

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Douglas, Janet L. "Women, their well-being and spirituality an exploratory study /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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Moraes, Paulo Augusto Costivelli e. "Saude mental e religião em mulheres encarceradas : um estudo epidemiologico e de Psiquiatria cultural." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311604.

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Orientador: Paulo Dalgalarrondo<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T23:25:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes_PauloAugustoCostivellie_M.pdf: 81784882 bytes, checksum: f16e045d8c51eae7735517cc074fd3f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006<br>Resumo: A religião voltou a ser considerada uma questão importante para a sociedade contemporânea. Fenômeno bastante complexo é atualmente considerado um elemento extremamente significativo para a sua vida sócio-cultural. Atribui-se à religião um papel fundamental para as pessoas encarceradas, atuando como fator protetor da Saúde Mental e incentivando a recuperação do infrator. Existem poucos estudos que relacionem saúde mental e religiosidade em presidiárias . Também não se conhecem pesquisas e estudos que enfoquem a religiosidade das mulheres presas e a forma como esta é experienciada no cotidiano de uma prisão de segurança máxima e as conseqüências nas vidas destas mulheres. Objetivos: Verificar o perfil de Saúde Mental e a relação entre religião e Saúde Mental. Analisar também como a Saúde Mental e a religião influenciam a vida das presidiárias e como lhes fornecem maior suporte psíquico e emocional. Descrever o cotidiano da penitenciária durante o período em que ocorreu a pesquisa, o perfil das presas e o ambiente em que vivem. Investigar alguns aspectos da experiência subjetiva das detentas enfocando os aspectos relacionados à espiritualidade (enfatizando-se as manifestações religiosas de origem pentecostal e neopentecostal), conversão religiosa e ao sofrimento. Método: Foi utilizado um questionário de autopreenchimento que incluiu dados sócio-demográficos, religiosidade (atual e anterior ao aprisionamento), Saúde Mental e perfil criminal. Para os aspectos psicopatológicos foi utilizado o General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Foram entrevistadas 358 mulheres, detentas da Penitenciária Feminina da Capital - São Paulo - SP de Março de 2003 a Dezembro de 2004. Foram feitas análises estatísticas descritivas e bivariadas, comparando-se todas as variáveis com o GHQ-12. Foi utilizada também a análise de regressão logística multivariada para as respostas dicotômicas para as variáveis que possivelmente interagiram com a Saúde Mental.<br>Abstract: Nowadays religion is an important issue for the modern society, a complex and fundamental socio-cultural phenomenon. There is evidence that religious commitment tends to correlete positively with the mental health. The religion seems to have an important role or the mental health of jailed women. It provides psychological and emotional support, bringing them comfort, meaning and hope. This study intents to verify the mental health profile and the relation between religion and mental health, to analyse how mental health and the religion influence the life of jailed women as well, and to provide more psychological and emotional support. It describes too, the quotidian of female detainees, their profiles and the prisional enviroment where they are living and investigates some aspects of their subjective experience. A self-filling questionaire was used wich includes social, demographic, religious (present and before jailing), mental health and crime profile data. Concerning the psychopathologic matters General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used. 358 women were interviewed from "Penitenciária Feminina da Capital" (São Paulo, SP - Brazil ) from March, 2003 to December, 2004. Descriptive and bivaried statistcs analysis was accomplished comparing all the variables with GHQ-12. Multivaried regression logistic analysis was used to get the dichotomic answers to the variables that would possibly interact with mental health. A bigger persona' religiosity was associated to better mental health. Associations between crime type and mental health were not found.<br>Mestrado<br>Saude Mental<br>Mestre em Ciências Médicas

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Hardi, Choman. "The mental health of Kurdish women surviving migration." Thesis, University of Kent, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445705.

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Bennett, Cheryl Lynn. "Social Capital, Health and Mental Health in African American Women." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/725.

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Cultural and social influences on mental and physical health are increasingly recognized by social science researchers. Researchers have found that specific, Afrocultural factors are related to the functioning of African Americans. The current research considered whether interdependence is especially salient for African American women since women and African Americans tend to define themselves within the context of social relationships. The study outlines processes affecting the mental and physical health of African American women including communalism, collective efficacy, and social capital. The also study examined the relationship between socioeconomic status and both mental and physical health among African American women in a low-income residential area. The effect of social capital and collective efficacy on mental and physical health above income was analyzed using hierarchical regression. One-hundred-thirty African-American women in a low-income area of Richmond, Virginia completed surveys between October 2002 and October 2004 measuring social capital, collective efficacy and general health and mental health. Level of education served as a proxy for socioeconomic status. The study's central hypothesis was that social capital and collective efficacy, an indicator of social capital, would moderate rather than mediate the association between socioeconomic status and the outcome variables in this population due to the importance of relationships in the African American culture and in the lives of women. Both moderation and mediation models were tested. Significant relationships were found between income and both physical health and mental health. There were no significant relationships found between social capital and physical health, mental health, or socioeconomic status and mediation was not established. The results also did not establish social capital as a moderator between socio-economic status and the outcome variables. This lack of relationship may be related to several factors including the homogeneity of the sample in terms of socioeconomic status and challenges associated with the use of a new measure for social capital. Meaningful comparisons of social capital between socioeconomic levels could not be made.

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Clark, Kimberly. "Women, stress and well-being| Facilitating stress management among middle adulthood-aged women (45-65)." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10181997.

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<p> Literature has widely documented the link between stress and serious physical and mental health consequences (e.g., depression, heart disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, cancer). Women in middle-adulthood face a number of commingling stressors that may exacerbate their existing stress levels and place them as a higher risk of developing stress-related health issues. For example, in middle-adulthood women experience biological/hormonal changes (i.e., menopause, increased cortisol response to stressors), neural changes (i.e., cognitive declines), changes in skin function and appearance (i.e., wrinkles, sagging), as well as assuming multiple challenging roles (i.e., caregiver, employee, spouse). Due to the gravity of the effects of stress, there has been an increased need for a deeper understanding of stressors that women in middle–adulthood face and an increased need to target those specific stressors in an attempt to ameliorate their negative effects. In this context, the research reported here focused on developing a curriculum to conduct a one-day workshop for women in middle-adulthood in order to provide a deeper understanding of the various types of stress (e.g., hormonal/biological, age-related appearance changes, discrimination, gender role strain, multiple roles, cultural expectations, finances, etc.) experienced by women in middle-adulthood and providing culturally congruent stress reduction interventions. The development of the curriculum used to conduct a workshop is targeting women between the ages of 45 and 65 who are experiencing significant levels of stress and who wish to expand their knowledge of stressors and repertoire of stress reduction/management strategies. The curriculum was reviewed by two doctoral level mental health professionals who rated the content, strengths, and weaknesses of the curriculum. Their feedback was incorporated into a compilation of suggestions and future directions for the curriculum.</p>

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Baah-Binney, Victoria. "The Mental Wellness of Liberated Trokosi Women." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623250850976973.

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Said, Hannah. "Refugee women| The cross cultural impact of war related trauma experienced by Iraqi and Vietnamese women." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600596.

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<p>The purpose of the study is to conduct research and bring awareness to war related events experienced by female refugees. Refugees from war torn countries arrive to the United States with various forms of trauma—some war related and others not. Trauma experienced by refugees can significantly impact their mental health and overall quality of life. Reliable and valid screenings/interventions, that use quantitative and qualitative methods, have proven to be beneficial. Currently there is limited information regarding the range of war related trauma and health outcomes experienced by female refugees of Middle Eastern (Kurdish) and Asian (Vietnamese) descent. This study examines the difference in migration, employment, education, health insurance, mental health, and personal problems experienced by 60 Vietnamese and 44 Iraqi women. An exploratory, qualitative and quantitative, research design was employed to detect war related, traumatic events. The ultimate aim of the study was to focus on the cross-cultural impact of war related trauma and its mental health and overall effects on female refugees. </p>

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Suthahar, Jagajanani. "Asian Indian women and their views on mental health." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433291.

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Vallellanes, Alicia Kay, and Kelley Ferris. "Social support and mental health outcomes in battered women." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2884.

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This study examined the relationship between perceived social support and negative mental health outcomes in battered women. Correlations between perceived social support and depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder were analyzed. Perceived social support, particularly from family members, was found to be significantly related to mental health outcomes. Results indicate that agencies that work with battered women should include social support in the assessment and intervention processes. The study utilized a quantitative survey design with a sample of 120 battered women from four domestic violence agencies throughout Riverside and San Bernardino counties. Quantitative data analysis procedures, such as multivariate analysis and logistic regression, were used to further examine variables. Samples of the instruments used in the study are included.

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Hemingway, C. A. "The regulation of women detained under mental health legislation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264817.

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Books on the topic "Women Women in Christianity. Mental health"

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Calvi, Lisanna. Memoria, malinconia e autobiografia dello spirito: Dionys Fitzherbert e Hannah Allen. Pacini editore, 2012.

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Lord, I want to be whole workbook and journal: A personal prayer journey. Thomas Nelson Publishers, 2003.

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Women under construction: A book. Purpose Publishing, 2014.

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Omartian, Stormie. Finding peace for your heart: A woman's guide to emotional happiness. T. Nelson Publishers, 1998.

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Balancing your emotions: For women who want consistency under stress. H. Shaw Publishers, 1992.

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Omartian, Stormie. A step in the right direction: Your guide to inner happiness. Word (UK), 1992.

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A step in the right direction: Your guide to inner happiness. T. Nelson Publishers, 1991.

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Butt, Howard E. Renewing America's soul: A spiritual psychology for home, work, and nation. Continuum, 1996.

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Butt, Howard E. Renewing America's soul: A spiritual psychology for home, work, and nation : a 10-session small group guide. Laity Renewal Foundation, 1996.

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Butt, Howard E. Renewing America's soul: A spiritual psychology for home, work, and nation. F.H. Revell, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Women Women in Christianity. Mental health"

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Allevato, Marcelo, and Juliana Bancovsky. "Psychopharmacology and Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_17.

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Louzã, Mario R., and Helio Elkis. "Schizophrenia in Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_5.

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Loue, Sana. "Women." In Mental Health Practitioner's Guide to HIV/AIDS. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5283-6_93.

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Rondon, Marta B. "Abortion and Mental Health." In Psychopathology in Women. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15179-9_21.

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Cantilino, Amaury, and Carla Fonseca Zambaldi. "Anxiety Disorders in Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_9.

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Torres, Albina R., Ricardo C. Torresan, Maria Alice de Mathis, and Roseli G. Shavitt. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_10.

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da Silva Meleiro, Alexandrina Maria Augusto, and Humberto Correa. "Suicide and Suicidality in Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_16.

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da Silva, Antonio Geraldo, Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz, Marina Saraiva Garcia, and Renan Rocha. "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_15.

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Viana, Maria Carmen, and Rafael Bello Corassa. "Epidemiology of Psychiatric Disorders in Women." In Women's Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29081-8_3.

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Niaz, Unaiza. "Women and Disasters." In Contemporary Topics in Women's Mental Health. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470746738.ch17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Women Women in Christianity. Mental health"

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"Women and Mental Health." In Congress on mental health meeting the needs of the XXI century. Gorodets, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22343/mental-health-congress-compendium144-146.

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Lisova, Nataliya. "Characterological and Psychological Peculiarities of women with eating behavior disorders." In III INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MENTAL HEALTH CARE “Mental Health: Global challenges of XXI century”. NDSAN (MFC - coordinator of the NDSAN), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/pscproceedings.issue-2019.nl.4.

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"Phenotype of mental health women presented with widespread pain." In Second Scientific Conference on Women's Health. Hawler Medical University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/whc.02.02.

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"The Association of Women Occupation with Their Spouses Mental Health." In International Conference on Chemical, Agricultural and Medical Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c514087.

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"Association between Domestic Violence and Married Women Mental Health in Bookan, Iran." In International Conference on Earth, Environment and Life sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c1214107.

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Arfensia, Danny Sanjaya. "Mental Health Services in Safe House for Women and Children Victims of Violence." In International Conference on Psychology in Health, Educational, Social, and Organizational Settings. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008588402900293.

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Fathonah, Nadzirotun Arif, Efi Afiani, and Anjeli Ratih. "Effect of Mental Health Resilience Seminar on Self Concept among Pregnant Women in Cilacap." In The 5th International Conference on Public Health 2019. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/theicph.2019.03.64.

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Purnami, Cahya Tri, Suharyo Hadisaputro, Lutfan Lazuardi, Syarief Thaufik H, and Farid Agushybana. "Mental Burden in Data Management for Detection of Pregnant Women at Risk of Preeclampsia." In The 5th International Conference on Public Health 2019. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/theicph.2019.04.055.

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He, Lingmin. "Effect of Yoga on Physical and Mental Health of Climacteric Women in the Context National Fitness." In 2020 International Conference on Sports Sciences, Physical Education and Health (ICSSPEH 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200804.115.

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"Gynaecological Sexology as a New Hypothetical Interdisciplinary Science of Disorders of Recreational Function in Women with Gynaecological Diseases." In Congress on mental health meeting the needs of the XXI century. Gorodets, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22343/mental-health-congress-compendium303-305.

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Reports on the topic "Women Women in Christianity. Mental health"

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Lindstrom, Krista E., Tyler C. Smith, Timothy S. Wells, et al. The Mental Health of US Military Women in Combat Support Occupations. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434385.

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van Hedel, Karen, Heta Moustgaard, Mikko Myrskylä, and Pekka Martikainen. Work-family typologies and mental health among women in early working ages. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2021-015.

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Lombard, David. Gender Role Stress, Mental Health Risk Factors and Mental Health Sequela in Deployed Versus Non-Deployed and Pilot-Rated Versus Non-Rated Active Duty Women Versus Men. Defense Technical Information Center, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada328804.

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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.

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Li, De-Kun, Jeannette Ferber, Roxana Odouli, et al. Effects of Maternal Depression and Its Treatment on Infant Health in Pregnant Women, With or Without Other Mental Illness. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/03.2020.ce.13046721.

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Rodgers, Linda. A descriptive study of the relationship between age and problems expressed by women seeking out-patient mental health services. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2820.

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Sultan, Sadiqa, Maryam Kanwer, and Jaffer Mirza. A Multi-layered Minority: Hazara Shia Women in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2020.011.

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Shia account for approximately 10–15 per cent of the Muslim population in Pakistan, which has a largely Sunni Muslim population. Anti-Shia violence, led by extremist militant groups, dates to 1979 and has resulted in thousands killed and injured in terrorist attacks over the years. Hazara Shia, who are both an ethnic and a religious minority, make an easy target for extremist groups as they are physically distinctive. The majority live in Quetta, the provincial capital of Balochistan in central Pakistan, where they have become largely ghettoised into two areas as result of ongoing attacks. Studies on the Hazara Shia persecution have mostly focused on the killings of Hazara men and paid little attention to the nature and impact of religious persecution of Shias on Hazara women. Poor Hazara women in particular face multi-layered marginalisation, due to the intersection of their gender, religious-ethnic affiliation and class, and face limited opportunities in education and jobs, restricted mobility, mental and psychological health issues, and gender-based discrimination.

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Breast cancer screening: women with poor mental health are less likely to attend appointments. National Institute for Health Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/alert_46400.

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Mental health care during pregnancy and afterwards: women from some ethnic minority backgrounds face barriers to access. National Institute for Health Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/alert_46005.

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The adverse health and social outcomes of sexual coercion: Experiences of young women in developing countries. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1009.

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Although evidence from developing countries is limited, what is available suggests that significant numbers of young women have experienced coercive sex. Studies in diverse settings in Africa, Asia, and Latin America reveal that forced sexual initiation and experiences are not uncommon in all of these settings. Many young victims of abuse fear disclosure as they feel they may be blamed for provoking the incident or stigmatized for having experienced it, and suffer such incidents in silence. Presentations at a meeting held in New Delhi in September 2003 highlighted findings from recent studies that suggest an association between early experiences of sexual violence and a range of adverse physical and mental health and social outcomes. Given that data on the consequences of nonconsensual sex are limited and restricted to a few geographical settings, the scale of the problem and its implications for policies and programs are yet to be established. As noted in this document, presentations at the New Delhi meeting highlighted the need for urgent programmatic action to address young people’s vulnerability to coercive sex and its possible far-reaching consequences.

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