Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wood anatomy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Wood anatomy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Wood anatomy"

1

Wheeler, Elisabeth A. "Inside Wood – A Web resource for hardwood anatomy." IAWA Journal 32, no. 2 (2011): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000051.

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Inside Wood is an Internet-accessible wood anatomy reference, research, and teaching tool. The InsideWood database has coded wood anatomical descriptions based on the IAWA List of Microscopic Features for Hardwood Identification and is accompanied by a collection of photomicrographs. As of November 2010 there were over 5,800 descriptions and 36,000 images of modern woods, and over 1,600 descriptions and 2,000 images of fossil woods. CITES-listed timber species and other endangered woody plants are included in this digital collection hosted by North Carolina State University’s library. This web site has value in helping with wood identification because it has a multiple entry key that allows searching by presence or absence of IAWA features and it serves as a virtual reference collection whereby descriptions and images can be retrieved by searching by scientific or common name or other keywords.
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Olson, Mark E. "Commentary: Typology, Homology, and Homoplasy in Comparative Wood Anatomy." IAWA Journal 26, no. 4 (2005): 507–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000131.

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Comparative wood anatomy consists of two main efforts: wood identification and evolutionary studies. Evolutionary studies can be divided into two main areas: systematic wood anatomy and ecological wood anatomy. The goal of wood identification is the association of a name with a sample; that of systematic wood anatomy is the discovery of the nested hierarchy of synapomorphies that characterize the phylogeny of the woody plants; the main thrust of ecological wood anatomy has been to identify structure- function relationships that have evolved repeatedly across clades. Wood anatomical characters can be divided into three types: typological, homologous, and homoplasious. Wood identification can and should use all three types; systematic wood anatomy must focus on homologies; homologies may be of interest to ecological wood anatomy, but homoplasies have been its principal focus. The use of typological characters developed for wood identification can produce misleading results in studies of evolutionary wood anatomy and must be avoided. Robust phylogenies are important for discovering wood anatomical homologies and homoplasies; also important is the need to make explicit, testable hypotheses, and to identify the type of causation (ultimate or proximate) that is of interest for a given study.
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Baas, Pieter. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 34, no. 2 (2013): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000387.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 7, no. 1 (1986): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000440.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 8, no. 4 (1987): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000459.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 9, no. 1 (1988): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000474.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 10, no. 2 (1989): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000495.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 10, no. 3 (1989): 357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000509.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 11, no. 2 (1990): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000521.

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IAWA Journal, Editors. "Wood Anatomy News." IAWA Journal 11, no. 4 (1990): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000527.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wood anatomy"

1

Hsu, Ching Yi. "Radiata pine wood anatomy structure and biophysical properties." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7202.

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Several important characteristics such as density, acoustic velocity, modulus of elasticity and tracheid dimensions are examined in stemwood, branchwood and rootwood in young (age 3 and 7) Pinus radiata. Stemwood air-dry density decreases little from ground level to the top of the tree falling gradually from 415 kg/m³ to 405 kg/m³. Branchwood air-dry density is higher than stemwood density. The branchwood density is approximately 480 kg/m³ close to the stem and then decreases sharply to ca. 410 kg/m³ near the branch tips. Rootwood density at 12% moisture content is similar to stemwood density ranging between 420 and 405 kg/m³. Density varies from stemroot junction to root tip in lateral roots (420 to 405 kg/m³) but changes little along tap roots (405 kg/m³) In stemwood, the air-dry modulus of elasticity increases from ground level (ca. 2.5-3.5 GPa) to approximately 4 metres (ca. 5.5-6.5 GPa) and then decreases thereafter to 7 metres (ca. 2.5-3.5 GPa). The air-dry MOE of branchwood decreases linearly with tree height up the stem from approximately 4.5 GPa at 1 metre to 3 GPa at 6 metres. Roots are the least stiff part of the tree. The air-dry MOE value decreases along roots from the stem-root junction (ca. 1.9 GPa) to the root tip area (0.5 GPa) in lateral roots, and from 1.4 GPa to 0.4 GPa in tap roots. In stemwood and rootwood the tracheid dimensions change with distance from ground level in both directions with significant different patterns. For stemwood, the tracheid length decreases with height up the stem. The mean tracheid length is approximately 1.70 mm at breast height whereas it is 1.55 mm and 1.40 mm at 2.4 metres and 4.6 metres respectively. Rootwood tracheids are much longer (nearly double) than stemwood tracheids. The tracheid length increases with increasing distances from the stem-root junction. The mean tracheid length adjacent to the stemroot junction area is approximately 2.2 mm whereas for the middle and root tip areas it is 2.6 mm and 3.3 mm respectively. Compression wood is a common feature of stem and branchwood. However, this atypical tissue is absent in roots except in some restricted instances where compression wood extends a short distance from the stem down into the root. Branchwood in green condition can be used to predict volume-weighted stemwood qualities at 12% moisture content when specific conditions are applied (select a straight portion of first branch segment from the largest diameter branch at breast height, R2 = 0.64). However, this approach has little practical appeal as equally good or better correlations can be obtained using Fakopp on standing trees (R2 = 0.75). Therefore future work should focus solely on the use of time of flight instruments such as Fakopp on stemwood.
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Gonçalves, Thaís Alves Pereira [UNESP]. "Anatomia do lenho e do carvão de espécies arbóreas do Cerrado no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88517.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A Antracologia é uma ciência que se baseia na anatomia da madeira para realizar a análise e identificação de carvão vegetal. No Brasil, ela visa tradicionalmente obter dados paleoecológicos e paleoetnobotânicos, mas também conservacionistas e tecnológicos. As análises antracológicas são possíveis porque a estrutura do lenho se mantém no carvão, entretanto, variações morfométricas podem ocorrer. O presente estudo visa contribuir para um melhor entendimento do efeito da carbonização no lenho através da análise estrutural da anatomia antes e após carbonização. A escolha de espécies do cerrado deveu-se ao forte impacto que este bioma sofre pela devastação e, principalmente, pelo uso de suas espécies para a produção de carvão vegetal. A anatomia do lenho e do carvão obtido a 400ºC foram analisadas em amostras de Copaifera langsdorffii, Dalbergia violacea, Dimorphandra mollis, Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, Caryocar brasiliense, Couepia grandiflora, Tapirira guianensis, Qualea grandiflora, Vochysia tucanorum e Pouteria torta, todas provenientes do cerrado e apresentando tipos anatômicos distintos. Todos os resultados quantitativos foram comparados estatisticamente. A contração anisotrópica nos carvões foi evidenciada principalmente na redução do diâmetro tangencial dos vasos, que ocorreu em 70% das espécies, mas não foi o suficiente para aumentar significativamente sua frequência; o diâmetro da abertura das pontoações intervasculares praticamente se manteve; a frequência dos raios aumentou ligeiramente; a altura e a largura dos raios variaram bastante, sendo que os raios mais largos contraíram mais que os estreitos; o parênquima axial manteve, no carvão, características semelhantes às do lenho; as fibras dos carvões perderam a distinção das camadas das paredes celulares presentes no lenho, mas mantiveram dimensões semelhantes...
Anthracology, or charcoal analysis, is a science based on wood anatomy. In Brazil it traditionally studies palaeoenvironment and palaeoethnobotany, as well as nature conservancy and forestry technology. Anthracological analyses are possible due to the maintenance of wood structure in charcoal. The present study aims to contribute to a better knowledge of carbonization on wood anatomy. Fresh and charred cerrado woods samples were analyzed. The Brazilian cerrado is highly impacted by devastation, while its species are widely used for charcoal production. The latter were charred under 400ºC. The selected species present different anatomical characteristics: Copaifera langsdorffii, Dalbergia violacea, Dimorphandra mollis, Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, Caryocar brasiliense, Couepia grandiflora, Tapirira guianensis, Qualea grandiflora, Vochysia tucanorum, and Pouteria torta. All the quantitative data between wood and charcoal were statistically analyzed. The anisotropic pattern of contraction in charcoals was evident as 70% of the species presented a reduction in vessels tangential diameter. Vessel frequency increase, however, was not statistically significant. Intervessel pits apertures diameters were very closely between wood and charcoal. Rays frequency slightly increased; rays height and width were extremely variable. Larger rays contract more than narrow ones. Axial parenchyma retained, in charcoal, the same dimensions and shape of wood. Charcoal fibres presented indistinct cell wall layering, but retained similar dimensions of wood fibres. Carbonization under 400ºC caused only few changes between wood and charcoal, corroborating the assumption that wood anatomy and anthracology are two closely related sciences
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Visscher, George E. "Wood Anatomy of Metasequoia - Separation from Glyptostrobus and Function/Structure Considerations." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/VisscherGH2002.pdf.

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Cockaday, Alan Edward. "The variation of bending stiffness and wood anatomy in Sitka spruce." Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317370.

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Ozden, Seray. "The relationship between the anatomy and mechanical properties of different green wood species." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.684776.

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Trees are exposed to many stresses over their lifetime and withstand them due to their woody skeleton which provides excellent mechanical support. Wood has therefore been one of the most used materials throughout the history of humanity. However, the mechanical properties of wood vary considerably depending on wood anatomy and also show significant differences between and within trees. Wood is a cellular solid, characterised by a high degree of anisotropy at all levels of organisation and is formed by cells which are oriented largely in the longitudinal and radial directions, making wood mechanics rather complicated. Therefore, there is a need for an understanding of the mechanical properties of wood in different species and in different parts of the tree and its relationship to wood anatomy. This study began with two investigations into the transverse toughness of green trunk wood in different tree species including both hardwood and conifers. Double-edge notched tensile tests were conducted on the specimens to quantify their specific fracture energies and evaluate their failure fashions. The influence of wood anatomy on the toughening mechanism of wood was observed using both electron microscopy and light microscopy. It was found that the fracture properties of woods were mainly affected by the wood density and anatomy. Hardwoods were found to have higher fracture energies than conifers due to their denser woods and higher volume fraction of rays. The results also found that the specific fracture energies of RL and RT systems were around 1.5-2 times greater than TL and TR systems. This difference was mainly explained by the presence of rays which provided toughness in the radial direction, at least in hardwoods, as breaking across rays resulted in spiral fractures of the cell walls. The mechanical properties of green branches and coppice shoots of three temperate tree species (chestnut, sycamore and ash), were then investigated at three distances from the tip. The study also investigated how bending failure was influenced by the morphology and anatomy of branches and coppice shoots. Coppice shoots were shown to be more likely to buckle in bending, whereas branches failed with a clean fracture. It was shown that ash and sycamore had greater properties in their coppice shoots than their branches, while chestnut showed better properties in their branches. It was suggested that this occurred because increasing the leaf node frequency resulted in a decrease in mechanical properties; ash and sycamore had more leaf nodes in their branches, thus lower properties in their branches, while chestnut had more leaf nodes in its coppices. The mechanical properties also decreased from base to tips of branches and coppice shoots because of falls in diameter of shoots and wood density. The results also suggested why coppice shoots can act as a useful structural material. Finally, this thesis investigated how and why the fracture properties vary around the structure of tree forks. The fracture properties of green hazel forks were examined using double-edge notched tensile tests in the RT and TR directions. The fracture surfaces were also observed using scanning electron microscopy in both fracture systems. The results showed that the central apex of forks were considerably tougher than other locations, suggesting they provide the load-bearing capacity of tree forks. It was shown that the increased toughness was related to both higher wood density and an interlocking wood grain pattern. Interestingly, the TR fracture system was found to be tougher than the RT fracture system at the central apex of forks, probably related to the orientation of the fibres. These results provide insight into the relationship between wood mechanics and anatomy, particularly showing the importance of rays. They can also help us understand how our ancestors shaped wood and designed tools and how we could design better structures.
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Modén, Carl S. "Micromechanics of softwoods in the transverse plane : effects on cell and annual ring scales /." Stockholm : Farkost och flyg, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9604.

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Goulart, Selma Lopes [UNESP]. "Anatomia comparada do lenho de raiz e caule de Lippia salviaefolia Cham. E Aegiphila sellowiana Cham.(Verbenaceae) de área de cerrado do Estado de São Paulo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88133.

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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Estudos comparativos da anatomia do lenho de raiz e caule em espécies brasileiras são escassos, porém de grande importância, uma vez que as variações estruturais entre os dois órgãos são indispensáveis para o entendimento das adaptações ecológicas das espécies. Neste trabalho estudou-se a anatomia comparada do lenho de raiz e caule das espécies Lippia salviaefolia Cham. e Aegiphila sellowiana Cham., da família Verbenaceae. As espécies ocorrem em reserva particular de cerrado no município de Pratânia, estado de São Paulo (23º 02 55, 5 S e 48º 31 26,1 W). Foram estudados três espécimes de L. salviaefolia e A. sellowiana. Amostras de caule foram coletadas à altura do peito (AP), isto é, a 1,30 m do solo e as amostras de raiz foram coletadas de 30 a 40 cm da base do tronco. Observou-se que houve variações anatômicas, qualitativa e quantitativa, entre os órgãos analisados, caule e raiz, para ambas as espécies. As duas espécies possuem camadas de crescimento distintas em ambos os órgãos. Anel semi-poroso foi observado no lenho de ambas as espécies. Placas de perfuração simples e múltiplas foram observadas nos elementos de vaso do lenho de raiz e caule em L. salviaefolia, enquanto que placas de perfuração simples foram observadas nos elementos de vaso do lenho de raiz e caule em A. sellowiana. Raios mais largos foram observados no lenho de raiz em ambas as espécies. Fibras septadas foram observadas no lenho de raiz em L. salviaefolia e no lenho de caule e raiz em A. sellowiana. Fibras bifurcadas, com cavidades e com interrupção de parede foram observadas no lenho de caule e raiz em L. salviaefolia e A. sellowina O índice de vulnerabilidade e mesomorfia indicam que as plantas de L. salviaefolia estão adaptadas às condições xéricas e as plantas de A. sellowiana estão adaptadas às condições mésicas. Quantitativamente, as características...
Comparative wood anatomy of root and stem in Brazilian species are scarce and they are important as the structural variations between both organs might explain the adaptive characteristics of the species. Wood from stem and root of L. salviaefolia Cham. and Aegiphila sellowiana Cham. (Verbenaceae) was studied. The study was conducted in a cerrado area in Pratânia municipality, São Paulo state (23º 02 55, 5 S e 48º 31 26,1 W). Three plants of each species were studied. Stem samples were collected at a breast height (1.30 m from soil), and root samples were collected 30 to 40 cm from the stem base. There were qualitative and quantitative variation between root and stem wood in both species. Well defined growth increments were observed in root and stem wood in both species. Semi-porous rings were observed in the wood of both species. Simple and multiple perforation plates were observed in vessel elements of root and stem wood in L. salviaefolia, while simple perforation plates were observed in vessel elements of root and stem wood in A. sellowiana. Wider rays were observed in root wood in both species. Septate fibres were observed in root wood of L. salviaefolia and in root and stem wood of A. sellowiana. Concavities-and-gaps-containing bifurcated fibres were observed in the stem and root wood for both A. sellowiana and L. salviaefolia. The vulnerability and mesomorphy indexes indicate that L. salviaefolia plants are adapted to xeric conditions and A. sellowiana plants are adapted to mesic conditions. The most informative quantitative characteristics differing root wood from stem one in L. salviaefolia were: vessel elements length and frequency; fibre diameter and length, and wall thickness; and ray width and height. In A. sellowiana, they were: vessel elements length, diameter and frequency; fibre diameter and wall thickness; and ray width, height and frequency and intervascular pitting diameter.
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Pigozzo, Raphael Jaquier Bossler. "Espectroscopia de infravermelho-próximo em madeiras neotropicais: aplicação na identificação e predição de propriedades físicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-06092011-111956/.

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A madeira é uma excelente matéria-prima renovável, sendo empregada como fonte de celulose e na construção civil, e sendo usada ainda como combustível. Contudo, as propriedades da madeira variam muito entre as espécies. Logo, saber a qual espécie pertence a madeira, assim como algumas de suas propriedades é essencial para um planejamento adequado de sua aplicação, evitando desperdícios e melhorando a qualidade dos produtos derivados do material. No presente estudo, analisou-se a aplicação da espectroscopia de infravermelho-próximo (NIR) na identificação e predição de propriedades físicas de madeiras nativas ou plantadas no Brasil, as quais apresentam grande variação entre suas propriedades e características anatômicas. Primeiramente, foi verificada a relação do espectro NIR com a densidade básica e algumas das características anatômicas importantes para identificação de madeiras, em especial aquelas ligadas aos raios parênquimáticos. Em seguida, com a espectroscopia NIR, foram desenvolvidos modelos para predição da densidade básica em madeiras de várias espécies brasileiras. Por fim, aplicou-se a espectroscopia NIR para discriminação entre as madeiras de Dalbergia nigra e D. spruceana, as quais são muito semelhantes em aspecto e características anatômicas. Os resultados sugerem que a espectroscopia de infravermelho-próximo é uma potencial ferramenta para classificação das diferentes madeiras brasileiras de acordo com suas propriedades físicas. Os resultados sugerem ainda uma metodologia auxiliar no processo de identificação pela anatomia do lenho.
Wood is an excellent renewable raw material, used as fuel, pulp and as building material. However, the properties of wood vary widely among species. Therefore, knowing the wood species as well as some of its properties is essential for proper planning of its application, avoiding waste and improving the quality of wood based products. In this study it was analysed the application of the near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to identification and prediction of physical properties of native or planted timbers from Brazil, which show great variation on their properties and anatomical features. First, it was verified the relationship between the NIR spectrum and the basic density as well as some important anatomical features for wood identification, especially those related to ray parenchyma. Then, using NIR spectroscopy, models were developed to predict the wood basic density from various Brazilian species. It was also applied NIR spectroscopy to separate the woods from Dalbergia nigra and D. spruceana, two woods that are very similar in appearance and anatomical features. The results suggest that near-infrared spectroscopy is a potential tool for classification of various Brazilian woods based on their physical properties, as well as an auxiliary method in wood anatomy identification.
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Gonçalves, Thaís Alves Pereira 1982. "Anatomia do lenho e do carvão de espécies arbóreas do Cerrado no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88517.

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Resumo: A Antracologia é uma ciência que se baseia na anatomia da madeira para realizar a análise e identificação de carvão vegetal. No Brasil, ela visa tradicionalmente obter dados paleoecológicos e paleoetnobotânicos, mas também conservacionistas e tecnológicos. As análises antracológicas são possíveis porque a estrutura do lenho se mantém no carvão, entretanto, variações morfométricas podem ocorrer. O presente estudo visa contribuir para um melhor entendimento do efeito da carbonização no lenho através da análise estrutural da anatomia antes e após carbonização. A escolha de espécies do cerrado deveu-se ao forte impacto que este bioma sofre pela devastação e, principalmente, pelo uso de suas espécies para a produção de carvão vegetal. A anatomia do lenho e do carvão obtido a 400ºC foram analisadas em amostras de Copaifera langsdorffii, Dalbergia violacea, Dimorphandra mollis, Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, Caryocar brasiliense, Couepia grandiflora, Tapirira guianensis, Qualea grandiflora, Vochysia tucanorum e Pouteria torta, todas provenientes do cerrado e apresentando tipos anatômicos distintos. Todos os resultados quantitativos foram comparados estatisticamente. A contração anisotrópica nos carvões foi evidenciada principalmente na redução do diâmetro tangencial dos vasos, que ocorreu em 70% das espécies, mas não foi o suficiente para aumentar significativamente sua frequência; o diâmetro da abertura das pontoações intervasculares praticamente se manteve; a frequência dos raios aumentou ligeiramente; a altura e a largura dos raios variaram bastante, sendo que os raios mais largos contraíram mais que os estreitos; o parênquima axial manteve, no carvão, características semelhantes às do lenho; as fibras dos carvões perderam a distinção das camadas das paredes celulares presentes no lenho, mas mantiveram dimensões semelhantes... (Resumo completo clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Anthracology, or charcoal analysis, is a science based on wood anatomy. In Brazil it traditionally studies palaeoenvironment and palaeoethnobotany, as well as nature conservancy and forestry technology. Anthracological analyses are possible due to the maintenance of wood structure in charcoal. The present study aims to contribute to a better knowledge of carbonization on wood anatomy. Fresh and charred cerrado woods samples were analyzed. The Brazilian cerrado is highly impacted by devastation, while its species are widely used for charcoal production. The latter were charred under 400ºC. The selected species present different anatomical characteristics: Copaifera langsdorffii, Dalbergia violacea, Dimorphandra mollis, Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, Caryocar brasiliense, Couepia grandiflora, Tapirira guianensis, Qualea grandiflora, Vochysia tucanorum, and Pouteria torta. All the quantitative data between wood and charcoal were statistically analyzed. The anisotropic pattern of contraction in charcoals was evident as 70% of the species presented a reduction in vessels tangential diameter. Vessel frequency increase, however, was not statistically significant. Intervessel pits apertures diameters were very closely between wood and charcoal. Rays frequency slightly increased; rays height and width were extremely variable. Larger rays contract more than narrow ones. Axial parenchyma retained, in charcoal, the same dimensions and shape of wood. Charcoal fibres presented indistinct cell wall layering, but retained similar dimensions of wood fibres. Carbonization under 400ºC caused only few changes between wood and charcoal, corroborating the assumption that wood anatomy and anthracology are two closely related sciences
Orientador: Carmen Regina Marcati
Coorientador: Rita Scheel-Ybert
Banca: Graciela Ines B.de Muniz
Banca: Claudia França Barros
Mestre
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Angélico, Talita dos Santos [UNESP]. "Anatomia do lenho de caule e raiz de plantas jovens de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (VELL.) Morong (Fabaceae-mimosoideae) crescendo em diferentes condições edáficas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95084.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong., pertencente à família Fabaceae-Mimosoideae e conhecido popularmente como tamboril ou timboúva, apresenta crescimento rápido no campo e por esse motivo é utilizado em reflorestamento de áreas degradadas em plantios mistos. Estudo sobre a anatomia do lenho de caules de plantas de E. contortisiliquum, adultas e de mesma idade, revelou que plantas que cresceram sobre Nitossolo Vermelho (NV) apresentaram vasos de maior diâmetro e elementos de vaso mais compridos, fibras com diâmetro maior e paredes mais espessas e pontoações intervasculares com diâmetro maior, quando comparadas com plantas que cresceram em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo (LVA). O presente trabalho simula em viveiro o crescimento das plantas desta espécie nas mesmas condições edáficas (NV e LVA), com a hipótese de que plantas produzidas em viveiro apresentem também variação na estrutura anatômica da madeira. Complementarmente, foram analisadas comparativamente as características anatômicas do lenho do caule e da raiz destas plantas que cresceram em condições controladas de viveiro. Para a realização deste estudo, coletou-se cada tipo de solo (NV e LVA) em 20 a 40 cm de profundidade, numa quantidade suficiente para encher vinte vasos de cinco litros cada. Dez vasos com cada um dos diferentes tipos de solos (NV e LVA) foram montados no Viveiro de Produção de Mudas Florestais da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, São Paulo. Sementes coletadas em campo foram colocadas para germinar após a quebra de dormência por escarificação mecânica com lixa seca. As plantas cresceram a pleno sol recebendo irrigações diárias e nenhum tipo de adubação. Medições mensais de altura e diâmetro dos caules foram realizadas durante os dois anos em que as plantas permaneceram em viveiro. Após esse período, amostras de caule e raiz foram...
Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. (Fabaceae-Mimosoideae) is known popularly as tamboril or timboúva, has fast growth and that’s why it is largely used for reforestation of degraded areas. In a previous study about stem wood anatomy of E. contortisiliquum with mature plants of the same age cultivated at the field, revealed that plants which grew in Alfisol Clay Texture (ACT) soil showed wider and longer vessel elements, wider fibers with thicker walls and larger diameter of intervessel pitting than the plants that grew in Oxisol Medium Texture (OMT) soil. The present study simulates E. contortisiliquum plants growth in nursery in the same edaphic conditions (ACT soil and OMT soil), with the hypothesis that young plants also have variations in their wood structure. Additionally to stem studies, a diagnose of the root wood anatomy was made for comparisons between the different soil type and organs. The two soils were collected around 20-40 cm below the ground level, in enough quantity to fill 20 pot, with five liters each one. Ten pots with each soil (OMT and ACT) were placed at the Nursery of Forest Seedling Production, Natural Research Department – Forest Sciences, FCA, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu – SP. Seeds collected at the field were planted after scarification with dry sandpaper to break dormancy of the seeds. The young plants grew in full light, received daily irrigation and no fertilization. Shoot height and stem diameter were measured monthly during two years at the nursery. After this period, stem samples from the main stem and the main root of ten young plants were collected and the samples were fixed in FAA 70 and stored in alcohol 70% in the Wood Anatomy Laboratory. In this laboratory, histological sections (cross, tangential longitudinal and radial longitudinal) were obtained and permanent histological slides were made. Woody fragments ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Books on the topic "Wood anatomy"

1

Carlquist, Sherwin. Comparative Wood Anatomy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. Comparative Wood Anatomy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04578-7.

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Agarwal, Manisha. Wood anatomy of sapindales. Dehra Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, 2008.

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René Karel Wilhelmus Maria Klaassen. Wood anatomy of the Sapindaceae. Leiden, the Netherlands: Published for the International Association of Wood Anatomists at the National Herbarium of the Netherlands, 1999.

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Freddy, Maes, and Beeckman Hans, eds. Wood to survive. Tervuren, Belgique: Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, 1999.

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Schweingruber, Fritz H. Mikroskopische Holzanatomie =: Anatomie microscopique du bois = Microscopic wood anatomy. 3rd ed. Birmensdorf: [Swiss Federal Institute ofForesty Research], 1990.

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Carlquist, Sherwin John. Comparative wood anatomy: Systematic, ecological, and evolutionary aspects of dicotyledon wood. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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International Association of Wood Anatomists., ed. Bibliography of systematic wood anatomy of Diocotyledons. Leiden: International Association of Wood Anatomists, 1994.

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White, D. J. B. 1917-, ed. The anatomy of wood, its diversity and variability. London: Stobart, 1986.

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Fedalto, Lourdes Cobra. Madeiras da Amazônia: Descrição do lenho de 40 espécies ocorrentes na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós. Brasília, DF: Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováis, Diretoria de Incentivo à Pesquisa e Divulgação, Laboratório de Produtos Florestais, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wood anatomy"

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Prance, Ghillean T. "Wood Anatomy." In Humiriaceae, 13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82359-7_5.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Methods for Comparative Wood Anatomy Studies." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 1–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_1.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Systematic Application of Wood Data." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 297–314. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_10.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Evolution in Wood: An Ecological/Functional Synthesis." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 315–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_11.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Growth Rings." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 12–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_2.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Vessel Elements." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 40–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_3.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Imperforate Tracheary Elements." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 104–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_4.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Axial Parenchyma." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 150–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_5.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Rays." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 174–215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_6.

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Cell Contents, Secretory Structures." In Comparative Wood Anatomy, 216–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21714-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wood anatomy"

1

Simons, Kenneth, Zeno Martin, and Kip Gatto. "The Anatomy of the Failure of a Wood Panelized Roof Sub-Purlin Hanger." In Seventh Congress on Forensic Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479711.027.

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Melo Júnior, João Carlos Ferreira de, Pedro Conte Júnior, and William Pscheidt. "ANATOMIA DE MADEIRAS HISTÓRICAS DA ARQUITETURA TRADICIONAL DO PLANALTO NORTE DE SANTA CATARINA." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Biológicas On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/1253.

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Abstract:
Introdução: Dentre as formas mais antigas de abrigo produzidas pela humanidade, destacam-se as edificações que usam a madeira como elemento estrutural chave na produção arquitetônica, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de muitas técnicas construtivas que são aplicadas ainda nos dias de hoje. As madeiras históricas nas estruturas arquitetônicas são testemunho material da interação de diversas culturas com a floresta e demonstram a diversidade de usos e os conhecimentos tradicionais sobre as espécies de árvores e da tradição construtiva. Sendo a madeira de certas espécies arbóreas um recurso florestal de elevada resistência às intempéries, existem edificações que ultrapassam cronologias centenárias e possuem relações diretas com a qualidade e disponibilidade da madeira, a paisagem e a cultura. Objetivos: Este estudo objetivou identificar as madeiras usadas na construção de uma edificação histórica com técnica construtiva enxaimel, a qual apresenta reminiscências da ocupação não indígena no Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina, datada da década 1860, situada na localidade de Boa Vista, Rio Preto, Município de Rio Negrinho-SC. Material e métodos: Foram coletadas amostras de madeira de elementos construtivos da edificação com o uso de serrote japonês e formão. Os corpos de prova tiveram sua superfície transversal polida para a caracterização macroscópica do lenho com auxílio de lupa conta-fio e secções anatômicas montadas em preparações histológicas para análise microscópica. A determinação da espécie se deu por meio de anatomia comparada em coleção de referência da Xiloteca JOIw e consulta ao banco de dados Inside Wood. Resultados: Todas as amostras possuem coloração parda, odor distinto ao corte e apresentaram a mesma estrutura anatômica caracterizada por camada de crescimento distinta, porosidade difusa, vasos solitários e múltiplos radiais de 2, médios, de 5 a 20 mm², obstruídos por tilos, parênquima axial paratraqueal escasso e vasicêntrico, raios distintos sob lente, elementos não estratificados. Conclusão: A espécie identificada foi Ocotea porosa (Lauraceae). Conhecida regionalmente como canela-imbuia, alcança até 20m de altura, sendo característica da floresta ombrófila mista montana, podendo ultrapassar 500 anos de idade. De interesse econômico, essa espécie apresenta forte relação com o processo de colonização do sul do país, sendo registrada em distintas edificações históricas de Santa Catarina.
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