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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wood-pulp

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Academic literature on the topic 'Wood-pulp'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Wood-pulp"

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Хакимова, Фирдавес Харисовна, Olga Alekseevna Noskova, Roman Rashidovich Khakimov, and Ilya Igorevich Fonarev. "AN EFFECTIVE RESOURCE-SAVING OPTION IN THE SPHERE OF WOOD PROCESSING AND ITS PROCESSING IN THE PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 1 (March 6, 2024): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240113014.

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The possibility and expediency of obtaining and bleaching sulfite pulp from young small-sized spruce wood from thinning (thinning) fellings was studied in comparison with ripe wood. In the process of thinning, a significant amount of young small-sized wood is formed, which can serve as a significant reserve of wood raw materials for the production of pulp and paper. Sulfite pulping from young and ripe spruce wood obtained two samples of pulp of different degrees of penetration. Comparative pulp bleachings were carried out according to the traditional economical but effective D/C-EG-G-D-A scheme; For comparison, pulp samples from ripe and young spruce wood were bleached according to the modern ecological scheme Pa-E-Ch1-E-Ch2-A (ECF technology). It is shown that young small-sized spruce wood is delignified by sulfite cooking solution without difficulty, but somewhat more slowly than ripe wood. Sulfite spruce pulp obtained from thinnings is easier to grind and bleach, has higher mechanical strength than from ripe wood. Bleached pulp was obtained from young thin spruce wood by bleaching according to the scheme D/C–EG –G–D–A of pulp from young thin spruce wood, which in all quality indicators meets the standards for grade AK-II (GOST 3914), which is used mainly in the production of "cultural" grades of paper (written and printed). Comparative bleaching of pulp of approximately the same degree of penetration from ripe and young wood using ECF technology using only two oxidative bleaching agents (hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide) significantly increases the efficiency of pulp bleaching in all quality indicators, but the cost of bleaching, in modern conditions, may be will be slightly higher than in the traditional scheme.

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Zanuncio, Antonio Jose Vinha, Amélia Guimarães Carvalho, Angelica de Cassia Oliveira Carneiro, Renato Augusto Pereira Damasio, Paulina Valenzuela, William Gacitúa, and Jorge Luiz Colodette. "PULP PRODUCED WITH WOOD FROM Eucalyptus TREES DAMAGED BY WIND." CERNE 22, no. 4 (December 2016): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201622042222.

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ABSTRACT Wind may damage eucalyptus trees, especially 24 months after planting, which can reduce wood fiber quality and hinder pulp production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of these materials in mixtures with wood from seven-year-old trees to produce pulp. Bleached pulp was produced using 100, 95, 85, 75 and 0% wood from seven-year-old eucalyptus trees, related to cutting age. Wood from two-year-old trees, when trees are most susceptible to damage by wind, completed each treatment. A 5 cm thick disc was taken from breast height (1.3m) on each tree for anatomical and ultrastructural characterization. The seven-year-old wood had lower vessel frequency and fibers with a longer length, higher cell wall fraction, higher modulus of elasticity and hardness, and a lower microfibril angle. Pulp refining decreased the opacity and specific volume, increased air resistance and improved mechanical properties. The addition of two-year-old wood to produce pulp reduced the mechanical properties and opacity, and increased the air resistance of the paper. The proportion of two-year-old wood that can be used in pulp production varied with the clone, parameter, and refining level. However, the pulp produced with 5% wood from two-year-old trees and 95% wood from seven-year-old trees was similar to that with 100% seven-year-old wood. Therefore, 5% two-year-old wood can be used to produce pulp without quality losses.

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Kidalova, Lucia, Nadežda Števulová, and Anton Geffert. "Study of Cement Composites Properties with Filler Based on Wood Pulp." Advanced Materials Research 897 (February 2014): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.897.165.

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Sustainable building materials are based on the use of renewable materials instead of non-renewable. A large group of renewable raw materials are materials of plant origin containing cellulosic fibres which are used as filler into building material with reinforcement function of composite. This study aimed to establish the mechanical and physical properties of cement composites with organic filler, such as wood pulp. Pulp derived from wood pulping process is very interesting material as reinforcement in cement which contributes to a reduction of pollutants. In this paper, utilization of unbleached and bleached wood pulp in combination with cement matrix with emphasis on the physical and mechanical properties is studied. Varying the producing technology (wood pulp and cement ratio in mixture) it is possible to obtain composites with density from 940 to 1260 kg.m-3 and with compressive strength from 1.02 to 5.44 MPa after 28 days of hardening. The experimental results of mechanical properties indicate that cement composites with using unbleached wood pulp reaches higher values than composites based on bleached wood pulp. The percentage of water uptake increased with increasing the volume ratio of unbleached wood pulp in composite.

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Kidalova, Lucia, Nadezda Stevulova, and Anton Geffert. "Possibility of Using Wood Pulp in the Preparation of Cement Composites." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2014-0006.

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Abstract Sustainable building materials are based on the use of renewable materials instead of non-renewable. Large group of renewable materials composes of plant fibres having high tensile strength are used as fillers into building material with reinforcement function of composite. This study aimed to establish the mechanical and physical properties of cement composites with organic fillers, such as wood pulp. Wood pulp cellulose is very interesting material as reinforcement in cement which contributes to a reduction of pollutants. Varying the producing technology (wood pulp and cement ratio in mixture) it is possible to obtain composites with density from 940 to 1260 kgm-3 and with compressive strength from 1.02 to 5.44 MPa after 28 days of hardening. Based on the experimental results, cement composites with using unbleached wood pulp reach higher values than composites based on bleached wood pulp. Volume ratio of unbleached wood pulp in composites influences water absorbability of cement composites

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SANTOS, ANTONIO, MARIA EMILIA AMARAL, ALVARO VAZ, OFELIA ANJOS, and ROGERIO SIMOES. "Effect of Eucalyptus globulus wood density on papermaking potential." May 2008 7, no. 5 (June 1, 2008): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj7.5.25.

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It is well documented that the characteristics of raw materials determine the papermaking potential of the pulp. The variability of the wood used by the pulp mills is extremely wide. We report on the behavior of three Eucalyptus globulus wood chip samples with basic densities of 0.467, 0.537, and 0.600 g/cm3, in kraft cooking and papermaking. The pulp yield range of 49%–58.7% was attributed to the different wood chemical composition, in particular to the lignin content and relative proportion of cellulose and hemicelluloses. The morphological characteristics of the pulp fibers were also markedly different. The average fiber length is 0.71, 0.80, and 0.85 mm, respectively for the E. globulus of low, intermediate, and high wood basic density. The pulp fibers from the lowest density wood exhibit very high wet fiber flexibility, while those from the highest density wood exhibit rigid behavior. Using this structural property as reference, the corresponding papers are stronger, but exhibit lower light scattering coefficients than those from the lowest density wood

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Sable, Inese, Uldis Grinfelds, Laura Vikele, Linda Rozenberga, Dagnija Lazdina, Martins Zeps, and Aris Jansons. "Chemical composition and fiber properties of fast-growing species in Latvia and its potential for forest bioindustry." Forestry Studies 66, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fsmu-2017-0004.

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AbstractBioenergy, including energy from wood, currently provides about 9–13% of the total global energy supply. Every fibre of fast-growing wood has a value for its potential use as a material in both pulp and paper and wood chemical industries. The aim of this study was to assess the chemical composition and fibre’s properties of fast-growing species in Latvia – aspen, hybrid aspen, lodgepole pine, poplar and willow. Results showed a variation of cellulose, lignin, extractives and ash contents among the species. Kraft pulp yield and amount of residual lignin were measured and properties of pulp fibres determined. Form factor and fine content in pulp were measured. Poplar and aspen wood had the highest content of cellulose, while lodgepole pine had the highest lignin content in wood and the longest kraft pulp fibres. Willow had 20% of fines in pulp. Individual results suggest the most suitable application of each species.

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MAGATON, ANDREIA DA SILVA, JORGE LUIZ COLODETTE, ADRIANA DE FATIMA GOMES GOUVEA, JOSE LIVIO GOMIDE, MARCELO COELHO DOS SANTOS MUGUET, and CRISTIANE PEDRAZZI. "Eucalyptus wood quality and its impact on kraft pulp production and use." August 2009 8, no. 8 (September 1, 2009): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj8.8.32.

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This paper summarizes the authors’ research findings over the last five years on eucalyptus wood properties and their impact on process efficiency and pulp use, addressing the influence of species and harvesting age. Efficient production of kraft pulp is achieved with eucalyptus wood having reasonably high density, low extractives and lignin contents, high lignin S/G ratio, and high xylan and uronic acid contents. Woods containing large amounts of lignin tend to possess lignin with low S/G ratios and are hard to process. Age significantly affects the chemistry and morphology of wood and its behavior in kraft pulping and pulp use. Wood density, extractives content, and fiber coarseness increase with age. Eucalyptus hemicelluloses are composed mainly of a xylan unusually rich in uronic acids, which is reasonably stable in kraft pulping. The xylans retained in the kraft pulp substantially improve its refinability. The increase in wood age and density increases fiber coarseness, which negatively affects pulp refinability, but increases pulp drainability.

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Khakimova, Firdaves Kh, Ol’ga А. Ol’ga А. Noskova, Roman R. Khakimov, and Ilyа I. Fonarev. "Integrated Recycling of Lignin-Containing Wood Waste." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 3 (June 10, 2024): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-3-188-202.

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The recycling of wood processing waste generated at pulp and paper and woodworking enterprises by reusing it in obtaining a high-yield semi-finished product for the production of paper and cardboard has been studied. The economic and environmental feasibility of wood waste recovery is beyond doubt. The aim has been to develop technology and modes for recycling wood waste from the production of high-yield pulp (birch sawdust) and woodworking (coniferous and the mix of coniferous and deciduous chips). In the course of the study, high-yield pulp has been obtained from birch sawdust using continuous technology (at Perm Pulp and Paper Company) and batch technology (at most pulp and paper industry enterprises). Cooking of wood chips has been carried out only using batch technology. It is shown that the recycling of birch sawdust to produce a fibrous semi-finished product for use in the production of paper and cardboard solves an important economic problem of the pulp and paper industry, which is the need to reduce the consumption of pulpwood and preserve forest resources. The process of recycling wood waste does not require changes to current technology. This produces high-yield pulp, which in terms of quality is not inferior to a similar semi-finished product made from birch technological chips and meets the enterprise standards. It has been revealed that wood chips from coniferous and deciduous wood from woodworking enterprises can also be used as a raw material for the production of high-yield pulp, but only together with sawdust from birch wood. High-yield pulp from the chips of coniferous and the mix of coniferous and deciduous wood is obtained with increased yield, but with low mechanical strength, since the neutral-sulfite method is intended for the production of a fibrous semi-finished product only from deciduous wood; coniferous wood is not boiled using this method. High-yield pulp with quality indicators corresponding to the enterprise standards from technological chips is produced by the ratios of chips and sawdust of 50:50 and 70:30. The yield of the semi-finished product from the raw materials of all used compositions is high – 75…82 %. Tests of high-yield pulp obtained from birch sawdust have shown that the fibrous semi-finished product can replace 20 % of the MS-5B waste paper mass in production in the production of paper and cardboard compositions.

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Hammett, A. L., Robert L. Youngs, Xiufang Sun, and Mudit Chandra. "Non-Wood Fiber as an Alternative to Wood Fiber in Chinas Pulp and Paper Industry." Holzforschung 55, no. 2 (February 21, 2001): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2001.036.

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Summary The pulp and paper industry in China has been growing rapidly as the nation's population and economy have grown. As a result, there has been a huge demand for pulp and paper raw materials. China has a long tradition for using non-wood raw materials for pulp and paper due to its limited forest resources and rich supply of agricultural residues and non-wood plants. Agricultural residues, such as rice straw and wheat straw, are traditional raw materials for China's paper industry. Massive plantation of bamboo provides an increasingly important source of raw material for pulp and paper. Problems with non-wood fiber include collection and transportation, storage and handling, washing, bleaching, papermaking, and chemical recovery. Small mills, primary users of non-wood fiber, are typically deficient in pollution control and subject to government closure. This paper reviews non-wood fibers commonly used in China's pulp and paper industry. By increased knowledge of use of non-wood fibers, wood suppliers can plan for access to the growing Chinese market.

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Chambers, Paul GS, and Nuno MG Borralho. "A simple model to examine the impact of changes in wood traits on the costs of thermomechanical pulping and high-brightness newsprint production with radiata pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1615–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-127.

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A number of functions were investigated that related the costs of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) and high-brightness newsprint production, using Pinus radiata D. Don, to important pulp and paper quality (breeding objective) variables, including specific energy consumption and pulp handsheet tear and tensile strength, brightness, and opacity. Pulp handsheet quality traits were considered to be reasonable two-dimensional predictors of paper quality traits in this context. A specific production process that requires the use of a reinforcement kraft pulp and an artificial clay filler to improve the quality of paper produced from the bleached TMP fibres was investigated, similar to the production process used by Australian Newspaper Mills' Boyer Mill in Tasmania, Australia. Pulp and pulp handsheet quality variables could be explained by significant (P > 0.05) wood traits using multiple linear regression equations. This provided a method to predict the economic importance of each wood trait in relation to the thermomechanical production process investigated. The results showed that tracheid length, wood density, wood brightness, and tracheid coarseness were the best predictors of costs. Increases in tracheid length, wood density, and wood brightness and decreases in tracheid coarseness resulted in decreasing the total costs of TMP and high-brightness newsprint production.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wood-pulp"

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Poirier, Nicole A. "Displacement washing of wood pulp." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65442.

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Hosseinkhani, Marandi Behzad. "Assessment of wood pulp fibres using labelled enzymes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62914.pdf.

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Bennington, Chad Patrick Joseph. "Mixing pulp suspensions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28622.

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Initiation and maintenance of motion within a pulp suspension is necessary for effective mixing. This requires imposition of forces greater than the network strength and depends on suspension rheology once motion begins. As pulp suspensions display non-Newtonian and solid-like behaviour, studies were conducted using profiled rotors which imposed stress within the body of suspensions contained in cylindrical devices. A concentric cylinder device capable of high torques (85 N-m) and high rotational speeds (524 rad/s) was built to study pulp suspension dynamic behaviour. Most work used a profiled rotor 0.1 m in diameter with baffled housings 0.13 and 0.22 m in diamter. The yield stress of low consistency pulp suspensions were measured with a Haake RV12 Ro-tovisco concentric cylinder viscometer. Semi-bleached kraft pulp was used throughout the study. Some tests were made with stone groundwood and thermomechanical pulps. Yield stress measurements were made for nylon and Spectra-900 fibre suspensions. The yield stress of pulp suspensions, ty, have been measured and correlated with mass concentration (Cm) and volumetric concentration (Cv) over the range 0.4 ≤ Cm(%) ≤ 33. It was found that because of increasing gas content that correlations developed using the mass concentration were inaccurate above approximately 20% Cm. Correlations developed using the volumetric concentration were accurate over the full range tested. For a West-Coast semi-bleached kraft pulp, ty(Pa) = 1.40CV(%)²ֹ⁷². Once rotor motion was initiated, pulp suspensions exhibited two distinct regimes of behaviour. The first was a tangential-cavity regime in which predominantly tangential motion grew to fill the chamber as shear rate increased. When motion reached the outer housing wall a flow transition occurred, likely triggered by flow interaction with the housing baffles. The subsequent post-transition regime was characterized by radial and axial flow that effectively mixed the suspension on both the macroscale and fibre-scale. The flow transition appeared to be what earlier workers reported as the onset of "fluidization". During tangential-cavity flow, phase segregation occurred. Gas present in the suspension collected around the rotor and reduced momentum transfer from the rotor to the suspension. This caused the torque for the pulp suspension to fall below that for water at the same rotational speed, and the cessation of flow development in the chamber. If sufficient momentum transfer was attained to initiate post-transition flow, the chamber contents became effectively mixed. The torque could still fall below that of water depending on the effective density of the suspension in the rotor vicinity.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Tunc, Mehmet Sefik. "Relationship between Alkaline Pulp Yield and the Mass Fraction and Degree of Polymerization of Cellulose in Pulp." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/TuncMS2003.pdf.

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Violette, Steven M. "Oxygen Delignification Kinetics and Selectivity Improvement." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/VioletteSM2003.pdf.

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Deshpande, Sagar Nandkumar. "Pre-hydrolysis of the Phenyl Glycosidic Bond in a Model Compound." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DeshpandeSN2008.pdf.

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Lee, Oh-Kyu. "Mechanistic Studies of the Oxidation of Lignin and Cellulose Models." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LeeO2002.pdf.

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Baker, Scott Alan. "Activated sludge biotreatability of pulp and paper bleach wastes : investigation of bleaching options." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21647.

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Forde, Kohler Lois J. "The effects of ophiostoma piliferm on wood pulp : investigation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5982.

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Patterson, Shane. "The agronomic benefit of pulp mill boiler wood ash." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61322.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Wood-pulp"

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1862-1920, Macoun James M., Canada. Dept. of Agriculture., and Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904 : Saint Louis, Mo.), eds. Pulp wood of Canada. Ottawa: Dept. of Agriculture, 1997.

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Tropical Pulp & Paper Conference (3rd 1994 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). Proceedings of the 3rd Tropical Pulp & Paper Conference. Kepong, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 1995.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Enforcement, ed. Handbook on pollution prevention opportunities for bleached kraft pulp and paper mills. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Office of Enforcement, 1993.

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4

Sixta, Herbert. Handbook of pulp. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2006.

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Suess, Hans Ulrich. Pulp bleaching today. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2010.

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Industry, Joint Textbook Committee of the Paper. Alkaline pulping. 3rd ed. Atlanta: TAPPI, 1989.

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Whitehead, M. A., Roger Gaudreault, and Sylvain Robert. The proceedings of the Fundamental and Applied Pulp & Paper Modelling Symposium 2008: August 27-29, 2008, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, Canada. [Montréal]: Cascades Inc., 2009.

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International Conference on Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry (6th 1995 Vienna, Austria). Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry: Recent advances in applied and fundamental research. Vienna, Austria: Facultas-Universitatsverlag, 1996.

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Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada. Meeting. Prétiré: 86e Congrès annuel = Preprint : 86th annual meeting. Montrʹeal, Quebec: Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada, 1999.

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Myers, Gary C. Characterization of fiberboard pulp. [Madison, WI: Forest Products Laboratory, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wood-pulp"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Wood Pulp." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 814. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12880.

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Chenier, Philip J. "Pulp, Paper, and Wood." In Survey of Industrial Chemistry, 399–416. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0603-4_22.

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Goldstein, Julia L. Freer, and Paul Foulkes-Arellano. "Wood, Pulp, and Cellulosic Materials." In Materials and Sustainability, 70–83. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003409267-7.

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Ilvessalo-Pfäffli, Marja-Sisko. "Identification of Wood Species in Pulp." In Fiber Atlas, 33–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07212-7_4.

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Timell, T. E. "Compression Wood in Pulp and Paper Manufacture." In Compression Wood in Gymnosperms, 1831–905. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61616-7_19.

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Yamakawa, Asuka, and Gary Chinga-Carrasco. "Classification of Wood Pulp Fibre Cross-Sectional Shapes." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 144–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13769-3_18.

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Atalla, R. H., I. A. Weinstock, J. S. Bond, R. S. Reiner, D. M. Sonnen, C. J. Houtman, R. A. Heintz, et al. "Polyoxometalate-Based Closed Systems for Oxidative Delignification of Wood Pulp Fibers." In ACS Symposium Series, 313–26. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0785.ch019.

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Zobel, Bruce J., and Jackson B. Jett. "Inheritance of the Cellular Components of Wood, Cellulose Yield and Pulp and Paper Products." In Springer Series in Wood Science, 126–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79514-5_6.

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Weinstock, Ira A., Elena M. G. Barbuzzi, Dan M. Sonnen, and Craig L. Hill. "An Environmentally Benign Catalytic Polyoxometalate Technology for Transforming Wood Pulp into Paper." In ACS Symposium Series, 87–100. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0823.ch007.

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Paulsson, Magnus, and Rune Simonson. "Acetylation of Lignin and Photostabilization of Lignin-Rich Mechanical Wood Pulp and Paper." In Chemical Modification, Properties, and Usage of Lignin, 221–45. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0643-0_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wood-pulp"

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Leshchinskaya, Alexandra. "A. Leshchinskaya. MICROWAVE WOOD CHIP TREATMENT USE IN CHEMICAL PULP MANUFACTURING (TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC ASSESMENT)." In Ampere 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ampere2019.2019.9706.

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MICROWAVE WOOD CHIP TREATMENT USE IN CHEMICAL PULP MANUFACTURING (TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC ASSESMENT) A. Leshchinskaya Plekhanov Russian University of Economics. 36 Stremyannyy Pereulok, 115093 Moscow, Russia, e-mail: alixfl@mail.ru] Keywords: chemical pulping, microwave wood modification, pulp, softwood, wood chips. Large volumes of cellulose are produced from wood chips by chemical methods. Low permeability of many wood species causes problems in the chemical pulp industry. These include: very long cooking times, high chemical consumption, large material losses, high energy consumption, and environmental pollution. New microwave (MW) wood modification technology can provide an increase in wood permeability for liquids and gases, which solves many of these problems. The technology works by applying intensive MW power to green wood, which generates steam pressure within wood cells. High internal pressure destroys weak elements of wood structure, opens pores and forms micro and macro cracks. A several thousand-fold increase in wood permeability can be achieved in species previously found to be impermeable to liquids and gases. It allows a significant increase in the speed of pulp cooking and improves a production processes. The study of the technology showed radical potential improvements in the pulp industry through: increase in mill throughput significant reduction of chemical consumptionreduction of energy consumption • increase in pulp quality and yield improvement of environmental performance. Pulp manufacturing process includs timber chipping, microwave chip treatment, steaming, cooking, washing, and pulp making. The use of MW wood chip treatment in pulp mills with outputs of 50,000 to 500,000 air dry tons (ADT) per year requires MW equipment with power from 1000 to 10,000 kW. Economic modelling of this technology used in different pulp mill conditions allowed assessment of the effect of capital costs, electricity costs, labour costs and other cost components to specific total costs of MW chip processing. Economic assessment of MW technology application showed that specific costs of softwood chip processing at electricity costs of 0.08 - 0.12 US$/kWh are 25.4 -33.7 US$/ADT of pulp. Electricity costs form the most significant part of the total specific costs of MW processing and form 51-69% shear in the total specific costs. Under the same conditions capital costs form 15-20% shear, and labour costs form 5-18% shear of the total specific costs. The electricity cost increase from $0.04 to $0.24/kWh provides specific MW processing cost rise by 2.7 to 3.1 times at pulp mill output range 50,000 to 500,000 ADT/year. New technology use allows benefits up to 7 – 22 Mil US$ per year for pulp mills with output of more than 200,000 ADT/year. The technology can be used by pulp mills with batch and continuous digesting and is not limited by mill throughput. Ecological impacts and high economic advantages of this MW technology application in pulp and paper industry provide good opportunity for commercialisation.

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Berthold, J. W., and M. L. Malito. "Correlation of wood pulp fluorescence with lignin concentration." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.tus2.

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In the paper making process, wood chips are cooked to form a pulp, which is subsequently washed, bleached, and pressed into sheets. The mechanical strength, uniformity, and amount of bleach necessary to whiten the paper all depend on the lignin concentration in the wood pulp. In this paper we report on a developmental method to excite and measure the fluorescence from wood pulp. Correlation of the fluorescence intensity with lignin concentration exhibits very good repeatability. The peak wavelength of the fluorescent emission is 429 ± 3 nm which closely agrees with results obtained by other workers' observations of fluorescence from pure lignin.

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Marchessault, R. H., M. G. Taylor, G. Hamer, and Y. Deslandes. "Solid State NMR of Cellulose, Wood, and Pulp." In Papermaking Raw Materials, edited by V. Punton. Fundamental Research Committee (FRC), Manchester, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/frc.1985.1.37.

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High resolution ¹³C NMR of crystalline celluloses is both complementary and supplementary to x-ray diffraction analysis because it is effective both for crystalline an non-crystalline materials. Good spectral quality has been achieved for a range of cellulose samples and spectral elements related to lateral order are observed but some interpretational details are still evolving. The spectrum of a complex material such as wood, shows morphological and conformational features for each chemical component. The resolution achieved is sufficient to allow identification of carbohydrate resonances, methoxyl, and aromatic resonances and methyl and carbonyl resonances of hemicellulose acetyls. The effect of solid state chemical treatments such as acetylation and prehydrolysis are readily detected. The use of interrupted decoupling allows one to separate the lignin and cellulose components of the spectrum. The potential of the technique for rapid ¹³C NMR analysis of paper debris, coated sheets and insoluble resins is now becoming well-established. More complex biosubstances such as grasses, bark, and plant cell wall are being molecularly examined in their true nascent state for the first time. In this paper, a series of spectra are presented covering the various physical states of Esparto grass: native, holocellulose, alkali extracted, pulp; these spectra are compared to Esparto xylan. The line broadening effect of the latter on the C-1 resonance of cellulose demonstrates the difficulty in interpreting effects of fine structure vs. heterocomposition.

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Salmen, L. "Strength and Chemical Composition of Wood Pulp Fibres." In Papermaking Raw Materials. Fundamental Research Committee (FRC), Manchester, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/frc.1985.3.992.

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Rudolf, Maja, Irena Bates, Ivana Plazonić, Valentina Radić Seleš, Katja Petric Maretić, and Marija Magdalena Mendeš. "Evaluation of the line and edge quality of printed letters on recycled paper with straw pulp." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p33.

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Traditional papermaking is based on the use of an aqueous suspension consisting of cellulose fibres obtained by processing wood, non-wood plants or waste paper. With growing environmental concerns regarding deforestation and CO2 production, the paper industry has been always looking for new sources of non-wood pulp that would produce papers of similar quality to those made from wood pulp. Cereal straw from wheat, barley or triticale crops that remains on fields as a residue after grain harvesting has proven to be a good substitute for virgin wood fibres needed in the production of recycled paper. In this study, the quality of printed text on recycled paper with added straw pulp is evaluated mainly based on the line and edge characteristics of the printed letters. For this purpose, three types of laboratory paper substrates were first prepared using recycled wood pulp with the addition of 30% wheat, barley, or triticale straw pulp. The same letter pattern was printed with black ink on each paper substrate at a standard size of 12 pt with two common typefaces: Arial and Times New Roman. The quality of the printed letters was assessed through the measured print quality parameters such as blurriness, raggedness, fill and contrast. The resulting measurements were compared with the results obtained on the reference and control samples made exclusively from recycled wood pulp as a substrate from laboratory and commercial production. In terms of fill and contrast values, the uniformity of lines printed on the recycled papers with added straw pulp is the same or very similar to the reference and control papers. Letters printed in Arial (sans-serif) typeface show slightly better reproduction quality than letters printed in Times New Roman (serif) typeface. The measured parameters blurriness and raggedness of all laboratory-made paper substrates (with and without straw pulp) had similar values between 0.17 mm and 0.20 mm, resulting in a very similar reproduction quality compared to the reference paper substrate.

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Dion, J. L., J. J. Garceau, and J. C. Morissette. "Acousto-Optical Evaluation Of Fiber Size In Wood Pulp." In 1986 Quebec Symposium, edited by Paolo G. Cielo. SPIE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.938812.

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Jeffers, Larry A., and Michael L. Malito. "Continuous on-line measurement of lignin in wood pulp." In OE Fiber 91, edited by Robert A. Lieberman. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.56548.

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Madyira, Daniel M., Takalani Mabirimisa, and Tien-Chien Jen. "Mechanical Performance of Paper Pulp and Wood Glue Composite." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71880.

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Due to depleting natural resources, it is necessary to develop eco-composite materials that are fabricated from sustainable and inexpensive materials such as recycled paper or cellulose-based materials. Such materials are required to meet the mechanical performance at par with traditional materials. The main aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical performance of a composite material fabricated from paper pulp and polyvinyl acetate (wood glue). It is expected that a high strength composite material may be achieved by varying the amount of paper-pulp fiber fraction from 7.5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% to 60% weight. A tensile test was conducted and it was found that an increase in fiber content on the fabricated composite resulted in an increase in ultimate tensile strength and a decrease in corresponding strain. Furthermore, the material becomes more brittle at higher fiber content and conversely, more ductile at lower fiber content. The ultimate tensile strength was found to be 7.69 MPa at 60% w.t fiber and the minimum tensile strength was 0.12 MPa at 0% w.t fiber. There were no signs of fiber content limit observed in the obtained results. It was concluded that a composite of moderate strength was produced and future work is required in order to fully understand how the composite behaves at different loading conditions. However, an optimum fiber content limit will have to be determined.

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Tyshkunova, Irina. "INFLUENCE OF WOOD PULP DRYING ON THEIR ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS REACTIVITY." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/6.2/s25.038.

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Lima, C. A. S., M. B. S. Lima, L. C. M. Miranda, J. Baeza, J. Freer, N. Reyes, and J. Ruiz. "Bleached wood pulp and finished paper characterization by photothermal measurements." In PHOTOACOUSTIC AND PHOTOTHERMAL PHENOMENA. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58177.

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Reports on the topic "Wood-pulp"

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Giles, GE. Wood Pulp Digetster Wall Corrosion Investigation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/885730.

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Rahman, Abdur, Mohammad Marufuzzaman, Jason Street, James Wooten, Veera Gnaneswar Gude, Randy Buchanan, and Haifeng Wang. A comprehensive review on wood chip moisture content assessment and prediction. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48220.

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Wood chips are the primary sources of raw materials for numerous industries, including pelleting mills, biorefineries, pulp-and-paper industries, and biomass-based power generation facilities. Unfortunately, when wood chips are utilized as a renewable and environmentally friendly resource, industries are constantly challenged by the consistency of the wood chip qualities (e.g., moisture/ash contents, size distributions) - a historically recognized problem on a global scale. Among other wood chip quality attributes, the moisture content is considered the most pressing one as it directly impacts the energy content, storage stability, and handling properties of the raw and finished products. Therefore, accurate wood chip moisture content prediction can help optimize the drying process and reduce energy consumption. In this review, a survey was conducted on various techniques and models employed for predicting wood chip moisture content. The advantages and limitations of these approaches, as well as their potential applications and future directions were also discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in wood chip moisture content prediction and to highlight the challenges and opportunities for further research and development in this field.

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