Journal articles: 'Wood-pulp'

1

Хакимова, Фирдавес Харисовна, Olga Alekseevna Noskova, Roman Rashidovich Khakimov, and Ilya Igorevich Fonarev. "AN EFFECTIVE RESOURCE-SAVING OPTION IN THE SPHERE OF WOOD PROCESSING AND ITS PROCESSING IN THE PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 1 (March 6, 2024): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240113014.

Full text

Abstract:

The possibility and expediency of obtaining and bleaching sulfite pulp from young small-sized spruce wood from thinning (thinning) fellings was studied in comparison with ripe wood. In the process of thinning, a significant amount of young small-sized wood is formed, which can serve as a significant reserve of wood raw materials for the production of pulp and paper. Sulfite pulping from young and ripe spruce wood obtained two samples of pulp of different degrees of penetration. Comparative pulp bleachings were carried out according to the traditional economical but effective D/C-EG-G-D-A scheme; For comparison, pulp samples from ripe and young spruce wood were bleached according to the modern ecological scheme Pa-E-Ch1-E-Ch2-A (ECF technology). It is shown that young small-sized spruce wood is delignified by sulfite cooking solution without difficulty, but somewhat more slowly than ripe wood. Sulfite spruce pulp obtained from thinnings is easier to grind and bleach, has higher mechanical strength than from ripe wood. Bleached pulp was obtained from young thin spruce wood by bleaching according to the scheme D/C–EG –G–D–A of pulp from young thin spruce wood, which in all quality indicators meets the standards for grade AK-II (GOST 3914), which is used mainly in the production of "cultural" grades of paper (written and printed). Comparative bleaching of pulp of approximately the same degree of penetration from ripe and young wood using ECF technology using only two oxidative bleaching agents (hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide) significantly increases the efficiency of pulp bleaching in all quality indicators, but the cost of bleaching, in modern conditions, may be will be slightly higher than in the traditional scheme.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Zanuncio, Antonio Jose Vinha, Amélia Guimarães Carvalho, Angelica de Cassia Oliveira Carneiro, Renato Augusto Pereira Damasio, Paulina Valenzuela, William Gacitúa, and Jorge Luiz Colodette. "PULP PRODUCED WITH WOOD FROM Eucalyptus TREES DAMAGED BY WIND." CERNE 22, no. 4 (December 2016): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201622042222.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Wind may damage eucalyptus trees, especially 24 months after planting, which can reduce wood fiber quality and hinder pulp production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of these materials in mixtures with wood from seven-year-old trees to produce pulp. Bleached pulp was produced using 100, 95, 85, 75 and 0% wood from seven-year-old eucalyptus trees, related to cutting age. Wood from two-year-old trees, when trees are most susceptible to damage by wind, completed each treatment. A 5 cm thick disc was taken from breast height (1.3m) on each tree for anatomical and ultrastructural characterization. The seven-year-old wood had lower vessel frequency and fibers with a longer length, higher cell wall fraction, higher modulus of elasticity and hardness, and a lower microfibril angle. Pulp refining decreased the opacity and specific volume, increased air resistance and improved mechanical properties. The addition of two-year-old wood to produce pulp reduced the mechanical properties and opacity, and increased the air resistance of the paper. The proportion of two-year-old wood that can be used in pulp production varied with the clone, parameter, and refining level. However, the pulp produced with 5% wood from two-year-old trees and 95% wood from seven-year-old trees was similar to that with 100% seven-year-old wood. Therefore, 5% two-year-old wood can be used to produce pulp without quality losses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kidalova, Lucia, Nadežda Števulová, and Anton Geffert. "Study of Cement Composites Properties with Filler Based on Wood Pulp." Advanced Materials Research 897 (February 2014): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.897.165.

Full text

Abstract:

Sustainable building materials are based on the use of renewable materials instead of non-renewable. A large group of renewable raw materials are materials of plant origin containing cellulosic fibres which are used as filler into building material with reinforcement function of composite. This study aimed to establish the mechanical and physical properties of cement composites with organic filler, such as wood pulp. Pulp derived from wood pulping process is very interesting material as reinforcement in cement which contributes to a reduction of pollutants. In this paper, utilization of unbleached and bleached wood pulp in combination with cement matrix with emphasis on the physical and mechanical properties is studied. Varying the producing technology (wood pulp and cement ratio in mixture) it is possible to obtain composites with density from 940 to 1260 kg.m-3 and with compressive strength from 1.02 to 5.44 MPa after 28 days of hardening. The experimental results of mechanical properties indicate that cement composites with using unbleached wood pulp reaches higher values than composites based on bleached wood pulp. The percentage of water uptake increased with increasing the volume ratio of unbleached wood pulp in composite.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Kidalova, Lucia, Nadezda Stevulova, and Anton Geffert. "Possibility of Using Wood Pulp in the Preparation of Cement Composites." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2014-0006.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Sustainable building materials are based on the use of renewable materials instead of non-renewable. Large group of renewable materials composes of plant fibres having high tensile strength are used as fillers into building material with reinforcement function of composite. This study aimed to establish the mechanical and physical properties of cement composites with organic fillers, such as wood pulp. Wood pulp cellulose is very interesting material as reinforcement in cement which contributes to a reduction of pollutants. Varying the producing technology (wood pulp and cement ratio in mixture) it is possible to obtain composites with density from 940 to 1260 kgm-3 and with compressive strength from 1.02 to 5.44 MPa after 28 days of hardening. Based on the experimental results, cement composites with using unbleached wood pulp reach higher values than composites based on bleached wood pulp. Volume ratio of unbleached wood pulp in composites influences water absorbability of cement composites

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

SANTOS, ANTONIO, MARIA EMILIA AMARAL, ALVARO VAZ, OFELIA ANJOS, and ROGERIO SIMOES. "Effect of Eucalyptus globulus wood density on papermaking potential." May 2008 7, no. 5 (June 1, 2008): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj7.5.25.

Full text

Abstract:

It is well documented that the characteristics of raw materials determine the papermaking potential of the pulp. The variability of the wood used by the pulp mills is extremely wide. We report on the behavior of three Eucalyptus globulus wood chip samples with basic densities of 0.467, 0.537, and 0.600 g/cm3, in kraft cooking and papermaking. The pulp yield range of 49%–58.7% was attributed to the different wood chemical composition, in particular to the lignin content and relative proportion of cellulose and hemicelluloses. The morphological characteristics of the pulp fibers were also markedly different. The average fiber length is 0.71, 0.80, and 0.85 mm, respectively for the E. globulus of low, intermediate, and high wood basic density. The pulp fibers from the lowest density wood exhibit very high wet fiber flexibility, while those from the highest density wood exhibit rigid behavior. Using this structural property as reference, the corresponding papers are stronger, but exhibit lower light scattering coefficients than those from the lowest density wood

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Sable, Inese, Uldis Grinfelds, Laura Vikele, Linda Rozenberga, Dagnija Lazdina, Martins Zeps, and Aris Jansons. "Chemical composition and fiber properties of fast-growing species in Latvia and its potential for forest bioindustry." Forestry Studies 66, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fsmu-2017-0004.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBioenergy, including energy from wood, currently provides about 9–13% of the total global energy supply. Every fibre of fast-growing wood has a value for its potential use as a material in both pulp and paper and wood chemical industries. The aim of this study was to assess the chemical composition and fibre’s properties of fast-growing species in Latvia – aspen, hybrid aspen, lodgepole pine, poplar and willow. Results showed a variation of cellulose, lignin, extractives and ash contents among the species. Kraft pulp yield and amount of residual lignin were measured and properties of pulp fibres determined. Form factor and fine content in pulp were measured. Poplar and aspen wood had the highest content of cellulose, while lodgepole pine had the highest lignin content in wood and the longest kraft pulp fibres. Willow had 20% of fines in pulp. Individual results suggest the most suitable application of each species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

MAGATON, ANDREIA DA SILVA, JORGE LUIZ COLODETTE, ADRIANA DE FATIMA GOMES GOUVEA, JOSE LIVIO GOMIDE, MARCELO COELHO DOS SANTOS MUGUET, and CRISTIANE PEDRAZZI. "Eucalyptus wood quality and its impact on kraft pulp production and use." August 2009 8, no. 8 (September 1, 2009): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj8.8.32.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper summarizes the authors’ research findings over the last five years on eucalyptus wood properties and their impact on process efficiency and pulp use, addressing the influence of species and harvesting age. Efficient production of kraft pulp is achieved with eucalyptus wood having reasonably high density, low extractives and lignin contents, high lignin S/G ratio, and high xylan and uronic acid contents. Woods containing large amounts of lignin tend to possess lignin with low S/G ratios and are hard to process. Age significantly affects the chemistry and morphology of wood and its behavior in kraft pulping and pulp use. Wood density, extractives content, and fiber coarseness increase with age. Eucalyptus hemicelluloses are composed mainly of a xylan unusually rich in uronic acids, which is reasonably stable in kraft pulping. The xylans retained in the kraft pulp substantially improve its refinability. The increase in wood age and density increases fiber coarseness, which negatively affects pulp refinability, but increases pulp drainability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Khakimova, Firdaves Kh, Ol’ga А. Ol’ga А. Noskova, Roman R. Khakimov, and Ilyа I. Fonarev. "Integrated Recycling of Lignin-Containing Wood Waste." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 3 (June 10, 2024): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-3-188-202.

Full text

Abstract:

The recycling of wood processing waste generated at pulp and paper and woodworking enterprises by reusing it in obtaining a high-yield semi-finished product for the production of paper and cardboard has been studied. The economic and environmental feasibility of wood waste recovery is beyond doubt. The aim has been to develop technology and modes for recycling wood waste from the production of high-yield pulp (birch sawdust) and woodworking (coniferous and the mix of coniferous and deciduous chips). In the course of the study, high-yield pulp has been obtained from birch sawdust using continuous technology (at Perm Pulp and Paper Company) and batch technology (at most pulp and paper industry enterprises). Cooking of wood chips has been carried out only using batch technology. It is shown that the recycling of birch sawdust to produce a fibrous semi-finished product for use in the production of paper and cardboard solves an important economic problem of the pulp and paper industry, which is the need to reduce the consumption of pulpwood and preserve forest resources. The process of recycling wood waste does not require changes to current technology. This produces high-yield pulp, which in terms of quality is not inferior to a similar semi-finished product made from birch technological chips and meets the enterprise standards. It has been revealed that wood chips from coniferous and deciduous wood from woodworking enterprises can also be used as a raw material for the production of high-yield pulp, but only together with sawdust from birch wood. High-yield pulp from the chips of coniferous and the mix of coniferous and deciduous wood is obtained with increased yield, but with low mechanical strength, since the neutral-sulfite method is intended for the production of a fibrous semi-finished product only from deciduous wood; coniferous wood is not boiled using this method. High-yield pulp with quality indicators corresponding to the enterprise standards from technological chips is produced by the ratios of chips and sawdust of 50:50 and 70:30. The yield of the semi-finished product from the raw materials of all used compositions is high – 75…82 %. Tests of high-yield pulp obtained from birch sawdust have shown that the fibrous semi-finished product can replace 20 % of the MS-5B waste paper mass in production in the production of paper and cardboard compositions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Hammett, A. L., Robert L. Youngs, Xiufang Sun, and Mudit Chandra. "Non-Wood Fiber as an Alternative to Wood Fiber in Chinas Pulp and Paper Industry." Holzforschung 55, no. 2 (February 21, 2001): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2001.036.

Full text

Abstract:

Summary The pulp and paper industry in China has been growing rapidly as the nation's population and economy have grown. As a result, there has been a huge demand for pulp and paper raw materials. China has a long tradition for using non-wood raw materials for pulp and paper due to its limited forest resources and rich supply of agricultural residues and non-wood plants. Agricultural residues, such as rice straw and wheat straw, are traditional raw materials for China's paper industry. Massive plantation of bamboo provides an increasingly important source of raw material for pulp and paper. Problems with non-wood fiber include collection and transportation, storage and handling, washing, bleaching, papermaking, and chemical recovery. Small mills, primary users of non-wood fiber, are typically deficient in pollution control and subject to government closure. This paper reviews non-wood fibers commonly used in China's pulp and paper industry. By increased knowledge of use of non-wood fibers, wood suppliers can plan for access to the growing Chinese market.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Chambers, Paul GS, and Nuno MG Borralho. "A simple model to examine the impact of changes in wood traits on the costs of thermomechanical pulping and high-brightness newsprint production with radiata pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1615–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-127.

Full text

Abstract:

A number of functions were investigated that related the costs of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) and high-brightness newsprint production, using Pinus radiata D. Don, to important pulp and paper quality (breeding objective) variables, including specific energy consumption and pulp handsheet tear and tensile strength, brightness, and opacity. Pulp handsheet quality traits were considered to be reasonable two-dimensional predictors of paper quality traits in this context. A specific production process that requires the use of a reinforcement kraft pulp and an artificial clay filler to improve the quality of paper produced from the bleached TMP fibres was investigated, similar to the production process used by Australian Newspaper Mills' Boyer Mill in Tasmania, Australia. Pulp and pulp handsheet quality variables could be explained by significant (P > 0.05) wood traits using multiple linear regression equations. This provided a method to predict the economic importance of each wood trait in relation to the thermomechanical production process investigated. The results showed that tracheid length, wood density, wood brightness, and tracheid coarseness were the best predictors of costs. Increases in tracheid length, wood density, and wood brightness and decreases in tracheid coarseness resulted in decreasing the total costs of TMP and high-brightness newsprint production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Yalechko, Vladimir, Viktoriya Kochubey, Yaroslav Gnatishin, Boris Dzyadevich, and Gennadiy Zaikov. "The Investigation of Thermal Power Characteristics of Wood Pulp." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 10. Innovatcionnaia deiatel’nost’, no. 2 (June 2014): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu10.2014.2.6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Carvalho, Antonio J. F. "Nanocelluloses from Eucalyptus Wood Pulp." Journal of Renewable Materials 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2014): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7569/jrm.2014.634108.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

ONABE, FUMIHIKO, and NAOHIKO TSUJIMOTO. "Wood Chemistry, Pulp, and Paper." Sen'i Gakkaishi 45, no. 4 (1989): P183—P188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.45.4_p183.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

KEREKES, RICHARD J., DAVID MCDONALD, and FRANK P. MELTZER. "External fibrillation of wood pulp." June 2023 22, no. 6 (July 1, 2023): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj22.6.363.

Full text

Abstract:

Pulp refining produces external fibrillation consisting of fibrils tethered to fiber surfaces, in addition to loose fibrils and fines. Both contribute to a larger bonding area that increases paper strength, but tethered fibrils have less likelihood of being washed out during papermaking. This study postulates the mechanism by which refining produces external fibrillation and the optimum conditions for doing so. The postulated mechanism is surface abrasion during sliding of fibers in refiner gaps. External fibrillation occurs when forces are great enough to partially dislodge fibrils from fiber surfaces, but not large enough to break the fibrils. The refining intensities to achieve these forces were determined by a mathematical model and experiments using a laboratory disc refiner. The optimum intensities in terms of specific edge load (SEL) for chemical pulps were about 0.1 J/m for hardwoods and 1.0 J/m for softwoods An extension of this study suggested that abrasion may also account for most of the energy consumed in the mechanical pulping process.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Downes, Geoffrey M., Christopher E. Harwood, John Wiedemann, Nick Ebdon, Helen Bond, and Roger Meder. "Radial variation in Kraft pulp yield and cellulose content in Eucalyptus globulus wood across three contrasting sites predicted by near infrared spectroscopy." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, no. 8 (August 2012): 1577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-083.

Full text

Abstract:

There is little published information on the variability of pulp yield within eucalypt stems. This is primarily due to the difficulty in measuring pulp yield in small samples, especially those obtained nondestructively. Thus, information of the effect of site, climate, and silviculture on pulp yield variability is lacking, minimizing its consideration in the economic optimization of pulpwood production. Near infrared spectroscopic measurement of pulp yield directly from intact wood surfaces at a small, radial sampling interval provides forest managers with opportunities to better understand and manage its sources of variability. Calibrations based on solid wood samples were constructed to describe radial variation in Kraft pulp yield and cellulose content using intact wood samples from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Plantations at three sites with contrasting annual rainfall were studied. Pulp yield and cellulose content were higher at the more productive, wetter sites. Outer wood near the cambium had pulp yield values up to 8% higher than those at the pith. There was no clear intra-annual cycle of variation. The more productive sites exhibited significantly steeper pith-to-bark increases in pulp yield than the driest site. This has implications for optimizing pulp productivity by considering rotation length and site quality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Mohta, Dinesh, and D. N. Roy. "Forests, fiber, and the environment – In view of the fiber supply to the pulp and paper industry." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75247-2.

Full text

Abstract:

Forests play a vital role in the social, economic, and environmental development of any country. Paper, composed principally of wood fiber, is an essential commodity in promoting literacy, communication, documentation, and packaging. However, there is much concern about the world's forests being over-utilized. This has led to serious repercussions, not only to humanity, but also to the earth's biodiversity as a whole. It is now time that forests be used in a more responsible and ethical manner. Because of reduced forest area, increasing pulpwood costs, and an increasing demand for pulp and paper products, it might be expected that the focus would shift to high yield pulping processes or to the use of cellulosic non-wood raw materials. Non-woods are available in good supply all over the world, but are currently under-utilized. It is estimated that replacing 5–10% of wood pulp with non-wood pulp would have an important impact on the conservation of forests and the environment. This replacement of wood pulp by non-wood pulp could be environmentally and economically acceptable even in developed countries. By doing so, pulp and paper mills would have a lead role in reducing their dependency on forests for fiber. This determination and commitment would enhance the long-term sustainability of forests and the pulp and paper industry. Above all, it would be a sustainable step towards "our common future." Key words: forest, sustainable development, fiber supply, pulp and paper, non-woods

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

de Assis, Tiago, Joel Pawlak, Lokendra Pal, Hasan Jameel, Richard Venditti, Lee W. Reisinger, Dale Kavalew, and Ronalds W. Gonzalez. "Comparison of wood and non-wood market pulps for tissue paper application." BioResources 14, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 6781–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.3.6781-6810.

Full text

Abstract:

A comparison among ten market pulps at a laboratory scale using uncreped tissue handsheets was performed to study the performance of wood and non-wood pulps for tissue manufacturing, evaluate what fiber features are desired for a specific tissue property, and determine how non-wood pulps can be used to replace or complement wood pulps in tissue products. A characterization of the fiber morphology and handsheet properties (softness, water absorbency, and strength) was performed at different mechanical refining levels. The results showed that the fiber morphology had a major impact on tissue properties. Market pulps with a combination of long fibers, high coarseness, and low fines content can provide superior bulk and water absorbency. Short fibers with thin cell walls and low fines content can impart superior softness. Bleached bamboo soda pulp can replace hardwood and softwood pulps to provide an excellent combination of water absorbency and strength. Bleached bamboo soda pulp can also replace Northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) pulp to impart strength without sacrificing softness. Bleached and semi-bleached wheat straw soda pulps presented a similar combination of softness and strength as Southern bleached hardwood kraft (SBHK) pulp. The wheat straw pulps can be used to replace deinked pulp (DIP) pulp to impart intermediate levels of water absorbency and strength.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Miettinen, Jenni, and Markku Ollikainen. "Economics of forest bioeconomy: new results." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 52, no. 3 (March 2022): 426–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2021-0178.

Full text

Abstract:

We examine the emerging forest bioeconomy as an integrated, multi-product industrial ecosystem, where the traditional pulp mills allocate the use of side streams to independent biochemical companies manufacturing bioproducts in the vicinity of the pulp mills. Biochemical companies benefit from the proximity by receiving wood-based side streams at lower costs, and at the same time, pulp mills benefit from having a new source of revenue from selling side streams. We focus on the economic interaction between the pulp mill and the biochemical company, and we study the impacts on the use of wood and profits under perfect and imperfect competition. We demonstrate that the new industrial ecosystem uses more wood than traditional pulp mills, but depending on the side stream, it may promote cascading use of wood-based side streams.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Rizqiani, Kanti D., Yeni Aprianis, and Ahmad Junaedi. "Potensi Tiga Jenis Kayu Tanah Gambut Sumatera sebagai Bahan Baku Pulp dan Kertas (The Potential of Three Peat Land Woods of Sumatera as Pulp and Paper Raw Material)." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis 17, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51850/jitkt.v17i2.192.

Full text

Abstract:

The growth of pulp and paper industries has encouraged the expansion of the industrial plantation forests for pulp wood. The exotic species planted for pulp wood initially maintained a relatively high productivity, however it decreases in the following rotation cycles. The peat land wood species of Sumatera could be an alternative for exotic species. However, the insufficient information on the wood properties has brought about they are less considered. This paper examined the fiber quality of Sumatran local peat-wood and its possibility as a raw material of pulp and paper. For specific gravity, samples were selected based on three different diameter groups in each plot. Fiber properties (dimension and fiber derivative values) used to asses the suitability of the wood for pulp and paper raw material were determined in accordance with the method of the Forest Product Laboratory (FPL). The resulted data and information were compared to those of krasikarpa (Acacia crassicarpa Benth.). The results showed that the fiber quality of sekubung wood was classified into grade II, while gerunggang and mahang putih were classified into grade III. The specific gravity of gerunggang wood was higher than these of other woods and comparable to that of krasikarpa. Although the growth of Sumatran local peat-wood is still low, however, conformity with government regulations (Government Regulation Number 57-2016 and Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number 17-2017) and fiber quality, the local peat-wood could potentially substitute the exotic wood species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

WHITE, DAVID E., CHARLES COURCHENE, THOMAS MCDONOUGH, LAURIE SCHIMLECK, DAVID JONES, GARY PETER, ROBERT PURNELL, and GOPAL GOYAL. "Effects of Specific Gravity and Wood Chemical Content on the Pulp Yield of Loblolly Pine." April 2009 8, no. 4 (May 1, 2009): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj8.4.31.

Full text

Abstract:

We quantified the effects of wood density (chip specific gravity) and wood chemical composition (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) on the kraft pulp yield of 13-year-old loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda) grown as part of a genetic selection study. Both bleachable (kappa No. 30) and linerboard grade (kappa No. 100) pulps were made from 18 trees selected for combinations of wood specific gravity and cellulose:hemicellulose:lignin ratios. Statistical analysis indicated that digester pulp yield correlated significantly with wood xylan content and cellulose-to-lignin ratio but was not strongly correlated to wood specific gravity. Near infrared (NIR) spectra were collected from wood samples and correlated with the total kraft pulp yields. The analyses for both kappa No. 30 and kappa No. 100 pulps provided strong calibration statistics, suggesting that papermakers can use NIR spectroscopy to esti-mate the bleachable and linerboard grade pulp yields of P. taeda whole-tree samples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Liu, Quan Xiao, Dan Xi Li, and Wen Cai Xu. "Study on Effort of Ultrasonic Treatment on Water Retention Value of Pulp Fiber." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.458.

Full text

Abstract:

Effects of ultrasonic processing conditions on water retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers, absorbent cotton pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber were discussed. Results showed that ultrasonic power and processing time have an significant impact on water retention value of three kinds of pulp, the effort of ultrasonic treatment temperature on water retention value of three kinds of pulp is less. The water retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers, absorbent cotton pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber, respectively, reach the maximum at power of 300W, 500W, 400W, and processing time of 60min, 120min, 60min.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

HART, PETER W. "Seasonal Variations in Wood: Percieved and Rea Impacts on Pulp Yield." March 2009 8, no. 3 (April 1, 2009): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj8.3.4.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the course of a year, mills experience substantial variations in reported pulp yields per green ton of wood. In the spring, more wood must be consumed to produce the same amount of good-quality pulp. This paper examines the extent of seasonal changes and the seasonal reproducibility of wood moisture in chips. Seasonal changes in the amounts of bark, pin chips, and fines in the chips going to the digester are also examined. Other potential seasonal accounting impacts on reported pulp yield and costs are also considered. Assuming a 1000-TPD mill with a nominal wood cost of $45/green ton, these seasonal changes can account for a variance of almost $600,000/month between the best and the worst operating month. In the worst month, an additional 0.5 green tons of wood per ton of pulp must be processed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Nguyen, Thanh Nam, Tuyen Vo, and Tran Van Hung. "Study on the Effects of Technology Parameters on the Water Absorption and the Thickness Swelling of the Pressed Bamboo Pulp Plywood." Key Engineering Materials 863 (September 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.863.1.

Full text

Abstract:

The application of bamboo by-products such as bamboo branches, chips to recycle and produce pressed bamboo pulp is an urgent task in Vietnam. It perfectly replaces natural wood with artificial wood embryos from bamboo powder, which has both economic benefits of reserving the source of raw materials, environmental protection... The paper presents a study of the influence of technological parameters on the water absorption and swelling thickness of pressed bamboo pulp plywood in order to ameliorate the quality of pressed bamboo pulp plywood in production of new materials for civil engineering with environmentally friendly bamboo wood pulp materials.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

MCDONOUGH, T. J., C. E. COURCHENE, D. E. WHITE, L. SCHIMLECK, and G. PETER. "Effects of loblolly pine tree age and wood properties on linerboard-grade pulp yield and sheet properties: Part 1 - Effects on pulp yield." September 2011 10, no. 9 (October 1, 2011): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj10.9.45.

Full text

Abstract:

Results are reported on the relationships of loblolly pine tree age and wood characteristics and the yield of pulp obtained when the trees were chipped and pulped by the kraft process. Eighteen 13-year old and 18 22-year-old loblolly pine trees were selected to represent specified ranges of specific gravity and lignin content. The trees were further characterized by chemical analysis and near infrared spectroscopy before kraft pulping. The resulting pulps were characterized by measurements of yield and chemical analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify wood characteristics that most influenced pulp yield and to derive equations relating pulp yield to tree age, specific gravity, and wood chemical composition. In addition, near-infrared spectroscopy calibrations were developed to allow prediction of pulp yield from analysis of wood. The results showed that wood specific gravity cannot be used to predict the yield of linerboard-grade pulp from trees of either age. The yield of pulp from 13-year-old trees can be predicted from the amounts of xylan and lignin present in the wood. The yield of pulp from 22-year-old trees decreased with increasing lignin content but was unrelated to xylan content. Thirteen-year-old trees had significantly higher xylan content and the excess xylan was lost during pulping. Regression equations were developed for estimating pulp yields from 13- and 22-year-old trees, given their xylan and lignin contents. Another equation derived from the combined data for trees of both age classes will be useful for predicting yields from trees of other ages, if it is assumed that the effect of tree age is linear.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Borralho, N. M. G., P. P. Cotterill, and P. J. Kanowski. "Breeding objectives for pulp production of Eucalyptusglobulus under different industrial cost structures." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 648–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-085.

Full text

Abstract:

Breeding objectives were defined for pulp production of Eucalyptusglobulus Labill, using a simple profit equation relating the monetary cost savings per tonne of pulp produced with stem volume, wood density, and pulp yield. The economic importance of each trait was calculated for five different pulp and forestry industry scenarios with widely different cost structures. Selection indices integrating various combinations of volume growth, wood density, and pulp yield were compared for their ability to meet the different breeding objectives. There was surprising consistency in results across the range of breeding objectives and cost structures studied. It was clear that selection indices integrating volume, wood density, and pulp yield gave the most accurate selection and maximized genetic gain in breeding objectives. The cost savings from indices that included only volume were always much less than one-half, and sometimes as low as one-quarter, as much as those from indices integrating volume and wood traits. In the case study considered, E. globulus in Portugal, these cost savings had substantial implications for company profitability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Wang, Liang, Yang Bing Wen, De Ping Sun, Yao Mao, and Yuan Jun Yao. "Study on the Decrease of Harmful Substance in Paper-Process Reconstituted Tobacco Sheet." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 2338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2338.

Full text

Abstract:

Effect of wood pulp fiber and filler on the mechanical properties and harmful substance of reconstituted tobacco sheet were investigated. Experiments result showed that added lower lignin content pulp reduced phenols produced by reconstituted tobacco sheet combustion. As addition of bleached hardwood kraft pulp and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) increased, the amount of phenols release was dropped dramatically, but in order to ensure the normal operation of papermaking mechine, wood pulp and PCC addition should not be more than 20%. If wood pulp addition was above 20%, it had negative effect on the bulk, carbon monoxide and cigarette smoke flavor of reconstituted tobacco sheet; when PCC addition was more than 20%, it has negative effect on the normal operation of papermaking mechine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Hara, Hiroshi. "Mechanical Pulp & Non-wood Fiber. Characteristics and Utilization of Non-wood Pulp and Paper." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 52, no. 9 (1998): 1212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.52.1212.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bülbül, Gülşah Altunışık, and Ayhan Gençer. "Determination of Ideal Cooking Conditions for Pulp Production from Avocado Wood (Persea americana Mill.) by Kraft Method." Drvna industrija 72, no. 4 (November 24, 2021): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2021.2048.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, hand sheets were made from pulp produced by the Kraft method using avocado wood. The raw materials were supplied by a fruit orchard and consisted of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) trees that had completed their useful life and were cut during routine thinning maintenance. In order to determine the ideal cooking conditions in the production of pulp from avocado wood via the Kraft method, 16 cooks were carried out by varying the cooking time (T), active alkali (AA), and sulfidity (S) ratios. The general pulp properties, especially the screened pulp yield, pulp viscosity, and Kappa number, were evaluated. The pulp yield was taken as the primary basis in determining the cooking conditions. The ideal cooking conditions were also determined by considering some physical, mechanical, and optical properties of the paper. According to this study, the conditions found to be ideal in pulp production from avocado (Persea americana Mill.) wood via the Kraft method were: 18 % AA, 22 % S, and 75 min T.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Vishtal, Alexey, Päivi Rousu, Tom Hultholm, Kati Turku, Petteri Paananen, and Jari Käyhkö. "Drainage and retention enhancement of a wheat straw-containing pulp furnish using microparticle retention aids." BioResources 6, no. 1 (January 20, 2011): 791–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.791-806.

Full text

Abstract:

The usage of non-wood pulps in furnishes for the production of various paper grades is a real alternative for the substitution of wood pulp in papermaking. In terms of the papermaking process, the main limiting factor for non-wood pulp utilization is poor dewatering. This problem can be partially solved by means of retention aids, and the modern microparticle-based retention aids are very promising for this application. In this study the main aim was to characterize how the microparticle retention systems affect the retention, dewatering, and formation of a non-wood pulp furnish and how these effects and mechanisms differ when compared to normal wood pulp. The performance of several commercially available retention aids was studied by making dynamic sheet forming tests for reference and an organosolv wheat straw furnish. The emphasis in the experiments was on drainage enhancement. The maximum drainage gain obtained with the bentonite-CPAM retention aid system was about 5%. Despite the improved drainage, dewatering of the reference furnish was better than for the non-wood containing furnish.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Zanuncio, Antonio José Vinha, Amélia Guimarães Carvalho, Mariane Bueno de Camargo, Flaviana Reis Milagres, Vinícius Resende de Castro, Jorge Luiz Colodette, Graziela Baptista Vidaurre, and José Cola Zanuncio. "Defoliation by insects reduces the wood quality and cellulosic pulp production." Holzforschung 74, no. 5 (May 26, 2020): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2019-0134.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractDefoliating insects damage forest plantations, but the estimation of their losses does not take into account wood quality changes. The objective was to evaluate the wood quality and pulp production of two clones of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla (clone A) and Eucalyptus saligna (clone B) damaged or not by defoliating insects. Five healthy trees and five attacked by Gonipterus platensis Marelli (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were selected per clone. The wood volume per hectare in the affected settlements was at least 9% lower and damaged trees showed lower wood basic density, with at least 4.6%. The lignin and extractive content in the wood increased by at least 5.6 and 45%, respectively, while the syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio remained constant for clone A and increased 10% for clone B. For pulps, an increased effective alkali and decreased pulp yield were experienced for both clones while bleaching or pulp quality was not affected. In the stands affected by defoliating insects, productivity was 9 and 19% lower considering the wood volume per hectare and 15 and 24% considering the cellulose pulp production per hectare, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Brisbin, Robert L., and Everette D. Rast. "Weight and Properties of Ohio Plantation-Grown White Pine." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 5, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/5.3.176.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract There has been increasing interest in using the plantation-grown white pine resource in Ohio. Potential uses include posts, poles, sawlogs, and pulp fiber. Estimates of specific gravity and weight prediction equations are needed to use this material effectively. Specific gravity or density is the simplest and most useful index to the suitability of wood for many important uses. It is a particularly important factor in the manufacture of pulp and paper because specific gravity largely determines the dry pulp yield from a given volume of wood. It is also directly related to strength and many of the working properties of wood. We found that the specific gravity of plantation-grown white pine is significantly lower than the published values for natural-grown white pine. This will affect the expected yields of dry pulp fiber and the strength of solid wood products. Equations are presented for predicting the weight of green wood, green bark, green wood plus bark, and dry wood and dry bark of the central stem from a 1-ft stump to a 2-in. dob top. North. J. Appl. For. 5:176-180, Sept. 1988

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Khakimova, Firdaves Kharisovna, Konstantin Andreyevich Sinyayev, and Ruslan Eduardovich. "DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCTION OF DISSOLVING WOOD PULP." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020026677.

Full text

Abstract:

The work is devoted to the study of possibility and expediency of ECF bleaching for semi-chemical pulp with production of dissolving pulp, which is very popular in Russia and in the world. Production of dissolving wood pulp is important to replace cotton pulp obtained from imported raw materials. The conditions of bleaching and alkali treatment of sulfite pulp are investigated. CA dissolving pulp grade P was produced. To this end, new environmentally reliable short bleaching and alkali treatment schemes of sulfite pulp have been developed using only two oxidizing reagents: hydrogen peroxide and sodium chlorite. The bleaching schemes are based on the ECF technology developed earlier by the authors. Bleached dissolving pulp CA grade P was obtained according to all proposed schemes, including the shortened scheme Pa–E–Ch1–HAT–Ch2–A; pulp with increased yield was obtained due to good selectivity of the used chemicals under the developed conditions of delignification and bleaching, which contributes to the economy of wood. The possibility of obtaining pulp for viscose according to the above scheme is also shown. The results of studies have shown the possibility of obtaining wood pulp CA grade P from these raw materials by TCF technology with the use for delignification and bleaching (after alkali treatment) of hydrogen peroxide in an acidic and traditional alkaline medium, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

COELHO, MARINA ULIAN, FRANCIDES GOMES DA SILVA, JR., FLAVIANA REIS MILAGRES, SILVANA MEISTER SOMMER, CARLOS AUGUSTO SOARES DO AMARAL, and FABRÍCIO ANTÔNIO BIERNASKI. "Technological evaluation of Pinus maximinoi wood for industrial use in kraft pulp production." August 2021 20, no. 8 (September 1, 2021): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj20.8.501.

Full text

Abstract:

This study characterized Pinus maximinoi wood and evaluated its performance for pulp production. Samples of Pinus taeda wood were used as reference material. For both species, wood chips from 14-year-old trees were used for the technological characterization, pulping, bleaching process analysis, and pulp properties. A modified kraft pulping process was carried out targeting kappa number 28±5% on brownstock pulp. The bleaching sequence was applied for bleached pulp with final brightness of 87±1 % ISO. Refinability and resistance properties were measured in the bleached pulps. Compared to P. taeda wood, P. maximinoi showed slightly higher basic density (0.399 g/cm³) and higher holocellulose (64.5%), lignin (31.1%), and extractives content (4.5%), along with lower ash content (0.16%). P. maximinoi tracheids showed greater wall thickness (6.4 µm) when compared to P. taeda tracheids. For the same kappa number, P. maximinoi and P. taeda resulted in similar screened yield, with an advantage observed for P. maximinoi, which resulted in lower specific wood consumption (5.281 m³/o.d. metric ton), and lower black liquor solids (1.613 metric tons/o.d. metric ton). After oxygen delignification, P. maximinoi pulp showed higher efficiency on kappa reduction (67.2%) and similar bleaching chemical demand as P. taeda pulp. Compared to P. taeda pulps, the refined P. maximinoi pulps had similar results and the bulk property was 10% higher. Results showed that P. maximinoi is an interesting alternative raw material for softwood pulp production in Brazil.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Kojima, Yasuo, Shinichi Isaji, Seung-Lak Yoon, and Toshihiro Ona. "Selection criteria of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. for production of chemithermomechanical pulps (CTMP)." Holzforschung 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2008.010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Utilization of rapidly growing trees, such as eucalypts, for high-yield mechanical pulps is limited by low brightness owing to high contents of alkali and neutral extractives. Wood supply problems have developed in many areas of the world and new sources of high-yield pulp are needed. Ten Eucalyptus globulus trees were selected from two plantation sites to evaluate suitability as raw material for high-quality and high-yield pulp. Chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) was prepared from tree chips pretreated with sodium sulfite prior to refining. Characteristics of the CTMP were correlated with chemical and physical properties of the wood. There was a linear relationship between the content of alcohol-benzene extractives in wood and CTMP brightness. Klason lignin content in wood was inversely correlated with pulp sheet density, which is an important characteristic affecting the physical properties of pulp. The content of alkali extractives were inversely correlated with pulp yields. Color reversion was tested by exposing CTMP sheets to heat and light. Heat-induced yellowing of CTMP was of a low level and satisfied requirements for printing paper. The rate of yellowing was inversely associated with extractives and can be reduced by antioxidants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Norlin, B., S. An, T. Granfeldt, D. Krapohl, B. Lai, H. Rahman, F. Zeeshan, and P. Engstrand. "Visualisation of sulphur on single fibre level for pulping industry." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 01 (January 1, 2023): C01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/01/c01012.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In the pulp and paper industry, about 5 Mt/y chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) are produced globally from softwood chips for production of carton board grades. For tailor making CTMP for this purpose, wood chips are impregnated with aqueous sodium sulphite for sulphonation of the wood lignin. When lignin is sulphonated, the defibration of wood into pulp becomes more selective, resulting in enhanced pulp properties. On a microscopic fibre scale, however, one could strongly assume that the sulphonation of the wood structure is very uneven due to its macroscale size of wood chips. If this is the case and the sulphonation could be done significantly more evenly, the CTMP process could be more efficient and produce pulp even better suited for carton boards. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a technique based on X-ray fluorescence microscopy imaging (µXRF) for quantifying the sulphur distribution on CTMP wood fibres. Firstly, the feasibility of µXRF imaging for sulphur homogeneity measurements in wood fibres needs investigation. Therefore, clarification of which spatial and spectral resolution that allows visualization of sulphur impregnation into single wood fibres is needed. Measurements of single fibre imaging were carried out at the Argonne National Laboratory’s Advanced Photon Source (APS) synchrotron facility. With a synchrotron beam using one micrometre scanning step, images of elemental mapping are acquired from CTMP samples diluted with non-sulphonated pulp under specified conditions. Since the measurements show significant differences between sulphonated and non-sulphonated fibres, and a significant peak concentration in the shell of the sulphonated fibres, the proposed technique is found to be feasible. The required spatial resolution of the µXRF imaging for an on-site CTMP sulphur homogeneity measurement setup is about 15 µm, and the homogeneity measured along the fibre shells is suggested to be used as the CTMP sulphonation measurement parameter.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Abo Elgat, Wael A. A., Ayman S. Taha, Mohamed Z. M. Salem, Yahia G. D. Fares, Martin Böhm, Mourad F. Mohamed, Ramadan A. Nasser, and Vojtěch Pommer. "The Effects of Iron Rust on the Ageing of Woods and Their Derived Pulp Paper." Polymers 13, no. 20 (October 11, 2021): 3483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13203483.

Full text

Abstract:

The accelerated ageing of wood in terms of heating or iron rusting has a potential effect on the physio-mechanical, chemical and biological properties of wood. The effects of accelerated ageing on the mechanical, physical and fungal activity properties of some wood materials (Schinus terebinthifolius, Erythrina humeana, Tectona grandis, Pinus rigida and Juglans nigra) were studied after several cycles of heating and iron rusting. The fungal activity was assayed against the growth of Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium culmorum and Stemphylium solani. In addition, the mechanical and optical properties of paper sheets produced from those wood pulps by means of Kraft cooking were evaluated. The mechanical and chemical properties of the studied wood species were affected significantly (p < 0.05) by the accelerated ageing, compared to control woods. With Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we detected an increase in the intensity of the spectra of the functional groups of cellulose in the heated samples, which indicates an increase in cellulose content and decrease in lignin content, compared to other chemical compounds. For pulp properties, woods treated by heating showed a decrease in the pulp yield. The highest significant values of tensile strength were observed in pulp paper produced from untreated, heated and iron-rusted P. rigida wood and they were 69.66, 65.66 and 68.33 N·m/g, respectively; we calculated the tear resistance from pulp paper of untreated P. rigida (8.68 mN·m2/g) and T. grandis (7.83 mN·m2/g) and rusted P. rigida (7.56 mN·m2/g) wood; we obtained the values of the burst strength of the pulp paper of untreated woods of P. rigida (8.19 kPa·m2/g) and T. grandis (7.49 kPa·m2/g), as well as the fold number of the pulp paper of untreated, heated and rusted woods from P. rigida, with values of 195.66, 186.33 and 185.66, respectively. After 14 days from the incubation, no fungal inhibition zones were observed. Accelerated ageing (heated or iron-rusted) produced significant effects on the mechanical and chemical properties of the studied wood species and affected the properties of the produced pulp paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Klasnja, Bojana, Sasa Orlovic, Nenad Radosavljevic, and Miroslav Markovic. "Willow wood (Salix alba) as a raw material for pulp production." Chemical Industry 59, no. 7-8 (2005): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0508175k.

Full text

Abstract:

The properties of willow wood (structural-physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition) were investigated to determine the parameters of the technological process of semichemical and sulphate pulp manufacture. The experimental material was willow wood Salix alba cl. 107/65/7. Semichemical and sulphate pulp were obtained in the laboratory. The yield, chemical properties and physical-mechanical properties of the obtained intermediate products intended for paper manufacture, were determined. The properties of poplar wood Populus deltoides Bartr. cl.725, were studied and its pulp production performed with the aim of comparison.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

SAMISTRARO, GISELY, and PETER W. HART. "From tree cutting to pulping: the impact of storage time on pulp mill economics." November 2012 11, no. 11 (December 1, 2012): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj11.11.43.

Full text

Abstract:

Variability in wood properties has a major impact on pulp quality and the cost associated with pulp production. Frequently, accounting data for green tons of wood across the mill scales and the tons of pulp produced suggest that the pulp mill has affected the pulp yield because the tons of purchased wood divided by the tons of pulp produced changes. The current work examines the impact of the time — from when a tree is harvested in the forest to the time it is brought across the scales at the mill — on accounting yield and operating cost. Percentage weight loss (assumed to be changes in moisture content) were determined for Pinus taeda, Eucalyptus dunni, and Eucalyptus grandis over a 12-week period in the winter and summer seasons. Wood samples were obtained immediately after being harvested. The percentage weight loss within the first 5 days of storage varied from 2% to 13%, depending upon species and season, and reached 36% after 11 weeks of storage. For a 1000 tons/day mill with a 55% pulping yield on o.d. fiber, the difference between using fresh-cut wood verses cut trees that have been stored for 11 weeks is 1130 green tons. Assuming the mill pays $45/green ton, the change in green log usage between fresh-cut and 11-week-old logs can cost the mill US$50,850 per day.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

HALYSH, VITA, and IRYNA DEYKUN. "RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY OF CARDBOARD AND PAPER PRODUCTS." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-112-115.

Full text

Abstract:

Nowadays, the products of domestic enterprises of the pulp and paper industry are 80% made from secondary raw materials – recycling paper, which negatively affects its quality, narrows the range and limits the scope of use. This state of the industry connected with the lack of domestic production of cellulose fibrous products. The raw material problem of the pulp and paper industry of Ukraine can be solved by using annual plants and wastes of crop processing for the production of fibrous materials for various purposes. Rapeseed stalks can be considered as a promising raw material to meet the needs of the pulp and paper industry. The aim of the work is to study the physical and mechanical properties of writing paper and cardboard for flat layers of corrugated cardboard, which contain cellulose fibers of rapeseed stalks. This paper presents the results of research of sizes of elementary cellulose fibers from rapeseed stalks. Studies of the fractional composition showed that 70% of cellulose fibers from rapeseed have a length in the range of 0.02 to 0.81 mm and only 30% have a length exceeding 1 mm. To study the effect of cellulose content from rapeseed stalks in the composition of writing paper, paper samples of 80 g/m2 were prepared at different ratios of cellulose from non-wood raw materials to coniferous cellulose. Studies have shown that the surface of paper made of non-wood pulp has a high smoothness and uniform lumen and is more elastic compared to paper made of bleached coniferous sulfate pulp. According to the results of physical and mechanical tests, it can be concluded that the increase in the content of non-wood pulp from rapeseed stalks in the composition of writing paper leads to a decrease in all physical and mechanical properties of the paper. To study the effect of non-wood pulp from rapeseed stalks in a cardboard composition for flat layers of corrugated cardboard, cardboard samples of 175 g/m2 were made. Recycling paper of MS-6B was used as a bottom layer, and non-wood pulp as a surface layer of cardboard. The ratio of recycling paper to non-wood pulp in laboratory samples of cardboard was 80:20 mass %. According to the results, it can be concluded that the use for the surface layer of non-wood pulp from rapeseed stalks allows to obtain cardboard with strength values that fully meet the requirements for cardboard of K-1 type. In general, it was shown that non-wood rapeseed pulp can be used to replace more expensive sulfate bleached coniferous pulp in the production of writing paper and cardboard for flat layers of corrugated cardboard as a surface layer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Oka, Sakujiro. "Mechanical Pulp & Non-wood Fiber. Outline of Mechanical Pulp." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 52, no. 9 (1998): 1145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.52.1145.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Hirano, Noriaki. "Mechanical Pulp & Non-wood Fiber. Groundwood Pulp and TGW." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 52, no. 9 (1998): 1174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.52.1174.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Zanuncio, Antonio Jose Vinha, Amelia Guimaraes Carvalho, Marcela Gomes da Silva, and José Tarcisio Lima. "IMPORTANCE OF WOOD DRYING TO THE FOREST TRANSPORT AND PULP MILL SUPPLY." CERNE 23, no. 2 (June 2017): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201723022223.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The forest transportation represents a great proportion of raw material cost for pulp and paper production and, for this reason, the wood moisture content should be low to reduce these cost. The objective was to relate the wood moisture with fuel consumption per kilometer in each vehicle and the number of trips to supply a pulp mill. Three trees of Eucalyptus urophylla clone and three of Corymbia citriodora from seeds were used. These trees were felled and their logs removed from its base and at 50 and 100% of the commercial height. The basic density and initial moisture of wood were determined and the air drying monitored during 90 days. The fuel consumption to transport one ton of dry wood and the number of trips required to supply a pulp mill were estimated based on the number of air drying days. Air drying reduced the fuel consumption and the number of trips to supply the pulp mill. The accuracy of models to estimate the wood moisture, fuel consumption and the number of trips based in days of drying was high. Therefore, wood drying is an essential tool to reduce forest transport costs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Castellan, Alain, Hasneen Choudhury, R. Stephen Davidson, and Stéphane Grelier. "Comparative study of stone-ground wood pulp and native wood 2. Comparison of the fluorescence of stone-ground wood pulp and native wood." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 81, no. 2 (July 1994): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1010-6030(94)03783-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hwang, Pai-An, Song-Ling Wong, and Yu-Ching Liu. "A Comparison of Cooking Conditions of Rhizoclonium Pulp as a Substitute for Wood Pulp." Polymers 14, no. 19 (October 4, 2022): 4162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194162.

Full text

Abstract:

The green macroalga Rhizoclonium was cooked with 5%, 10%, and 20% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for 4 h (5-N, 10-N, and 20-N groups, respectively); with 5%, 10%, and 20% sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) for 4 h (5-NS, 10-NS, and 20-NS groups, respectively); and with 5%, 10%, and 20% NaOH for 2 h and 1% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 2 h (5-NH, 10-NH, and 20-NH groups, respectively). The 5-NH handsheet showed the best mechanical properties; however, the 10-NH pulp was easier to separate than 5-NH during handsheet making, and 10-NH was more suitable for the industrial process. Thus, the 10-NH group showed the optimal production conditions with an optimal length/width ratio, crystallinity index (CI%), three-dimensional (3D) configuration, and mechanical strength. Substituting 20% 10-NH Rhizoclonium pulp with wood pulp had no significant effect on the mechanical properties of the 100% wood pulp handsheet. However, the fibers of the NS group were flatter and lost their 3D configuration, resulting in low mechanical strength. Overall, Rhizoclonium had its own optimal cooking condition, which was not the same as for wood pulp, and it has potential as a substitute for wood pulp in papermaking.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Ma, Yong Sheng, Yun Fa Chen, Xian Hui Sun, Chuan Jun Zhao, and Shou Jie Nie. "Application Study of Cationic Polymethyl Acrylate Emulsion as Papermaking Sizing Agent." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.504.

Full text

Abstract:

The cationic polymethyl acrylate (CPMA) emulsion which was prepared with no soap emulsion polymerization was used with petroleum resin sizing agent in bleached wheat straw pulp and wood pulp as papermaking sizing agent. It was showed that by the experimental results that when the dosage of composite sizing agent composed of CPMA emulsion and anionic petroleum resin sizing agent was 0.2% absolute dry pulp, sizing degree and white degree of handsheet made of bleached wheat straw pulp were improved 33% and 5.2%ISO respectively. It was also showed that when the dosage of composite sizing agent was 0.2% absolute dry pulp, sizing degree and white degree of handsheet made of wood pulp were improved 37% and 4.2%ISO respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Agnes, Erick Afonso, Tânia Vieira De Mello, Éverton Hillig, and Ricardo Yoshimitsu Miyahara. "WOOD PULP FOR POLYMER COMPOSITES PRODUCTION." FLORESTA 51, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 044. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v51i1.67291.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of cellulosic fibers in composites is advantageous compared to inorganic materials, because they present lower density, abrasiveness and cost, besides the renewable origin. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of wood pulp obtained by the chemical (bleached and unbleached) and mechanical process, and wood-flour of Pinus taeda as reinforcement in low density polyethylene (LDPE) matrix. The composites were extruded and the specimens molded by compression. The samples were characterized by thermal analysis, density, mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of the wood pulps and the wood flour in the matrix improved the composites mechanical properties and reduced the rate of material degradation. All fibers types acted as nucleating agents because the composites had better mechanical properties than pure LDPE. There was influence of the studied parameters on tensile and flexural strength and the interactions were significant. In general, the highest values of strength and stiffness were obtained with the use of thermo-mechanical process pulp as reinforcement and the lowest values with the use of unbleached chemical process pulp. micrographs analysis showed that the coupling agent was effective for compatibilizing the wood fibers with the LDPE in the composites. It was possible to produce composite materials with good physical and mechanical properties and improved thermal stability by experimental model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Sugaya, Kunio. "Dyeing Property of Non-wood Pulp." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 53, no. 10 (1999): 1322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.53.1322.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Severtson, Steven J., and Sujit Banerjee. "Sorption of Chlorophenols to Wood Pulp." Environmental Science & Technology 30, no. 6 (January 1996): 1961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es950649h.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Winter, Armin, Benjamin Arminger, Stefan Veigel, Claudia Gusenbauer, Wolfgang Fischer, Melanie Mayr, Wolfgang Bauer, and Wolfgang Gindl-Altmutter. "Nanocellulose from fractionated sulfite wood pulp." Cellulose 27, no. 16 (September 15, 2020): 9325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03428-8.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractFine fibre fractions in wood pulp may contribute to advantageous paper properties, but in some instances their removal from pulp may be beneficial to the production process of certain paper grades. In order to study the suitability of fine fibre fractions for the production of nanocellulose as an alternative use option, sulfite pulp was fractionated and homogenised, and cellulose nanopapers were produced. Characterisation revealed that fine fibre fractions were more easily homogenised than long fibres. Aqueous suspensions of nanocellulose produced from fines showed remarkably reduced viscosity compared to nanocellulose derived from long fibres. Nanopapers produced from all nanocellulose variants showed roughly similar mechanical performance. Only nanopaper produced from primary fines-derived nanocellulose deviated in that it showed a comparably high modulus of elasticity at a low strain at failure. Overall, fine fibre fractions separated from wood pulp were found to be highly suitable for nanocellulose production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

De Carvalho, A. J. F., A. A. S. Curvelo, and J. A. M. Agnelli. "Wood pulp reinforced thermoplastic starch composites." International Journal of Polymeric Materials 51, no. 7 (January 2002): 647–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714975803.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Wood-pulp'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles