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Journal articles on the topic 'WORD 2013'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Bell, Melanie J., and Ingo Plag. "Informativity and analogy in English compound stress." Word Structure 6, no. 2 (2013): 129–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2013.0042.

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It has long been claimed (e.g. Sweet 1892 , Bolinger 1972 , Ladd 1984 ) that informativity has an influence on the leftward or rightward stress assigned to noun-noun combinations in English, but the few available empirical studies of this hypothesis have produced conflicting results ( Plag & Kunter 2010 , Bell 2013 , Bell & Plag 2012 ). In this paper, using the same measures as Bell & Plag (2012) but with a different set of data, we provide further evidence that more informative constituents in the right-hand position tend to be stressed. This result fits with the general propensit

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Catasso, Nicholas. "On Postinitial Aber and Other Syntactic Transgressions: Some Considerations on the Nature of V2 in German." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 27, no. 4 (2015): 317–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542715000124.

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At least since the seminal works on the clause structure of German (Bierwisch 1963, Thiersch 1978, Den Besten 1983 in the generative framework; Drach 1963 and Höhle 1986 within the Topological Field Model), much attention has been devoted to cases of apparent violation of the strict Verb-Second (V2) word order that characterizes matrix but not embedded clauses in German. In particular, phenomena such as multiply-filled prefield (Müller 2003, 2005, 2013; Speyer 2008; Bildhauer 2011; Müller et al. 2012) and so-called postinitial adverbial connectors (Métrich & Courdier 1995, Pasch et al. 200

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Kaefer, Tanya, and Susan B. Neuman. "A Bidirectional Relationship between Conceptual Organization and Word Learning." Child Development Research 2013 (December 22, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/298603.

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This study explores the relationship between word learning and conceptual organization for preschool-aged children. We proposed a bidirectional model in which increases in word learning lead to increases in taxonomic organization, which, in turn, leads to further increases in word learning. In order to examine this model, we recruited 104 4-year olds from Head Start classrooms; 52 children participated in a two-week training program, and 52 children were in a control group. Results indicated that children in the training program learned more words and were more likely to sort taxonomically tha

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Stoeckel, Tim. "An Examination of the New General Service List." Vocabulary Learning and Instruction 8, no. 1 (2019): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7820/vli.v08.1.stoeckel.

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The New General Service List (NGSL; Browne, Culligan, & Phillips, 2013b) was published on an interim basis in 2013 as a modern replacement for West’s (1953) original General Service List (GSL). This study compared GSL and NGSL coverage of a 6-year, 114-million word section of the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), and used COCA word frequencies as a secondary data source to identify candidates for addition to the NGSL. The NGSL was found to provide 4.32% better coverage of the COCA than the GSL. Moreover, several candidates were identified for inclusion to the NGSL: three are

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Huda, Khoirul, and Ida Rusnita. "Tahlil al-Jinsi fi Kitab al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah min I’dadi Wizarati asy-Syuun ad-Diniyyah." International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching 3, no. 01 (2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v3i01.3329.

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In the Arabic language book Curriculum 2013 for fourth-grade students, in the third lesson, the profession of gender-biased vocabulary was found: In that lesson, various types of professions for females and males are mentioned, such as the word (employee - female employee) except in the word “policeman - soldier - driver) it is mentioned for males only. And in the word (sewing - nurse) it is mentioned for females only. Based on what the researcher mentioned in the background of the research, the researcher’s problems are: How does gender analysis in the Arabic language book for primary school

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Mineiro, Ana. "Evolução da Linguagem e Ordem Natural de Palavras os verbos reversíveis e não reversíveis da Língua Gestual de São Tomé e Príncipe num estudo piloto." Linguística: Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto, esp (2021): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/16466195/lingespa5.

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search on language evolution has recently focused on the issue of natural word order, that is, word order in the phylogenetic and cognitive sense (Pagel 2009; Gell-Mann and Ruhlen 2011). Sign language and gesture studies have inspired this discussion in the literature, with special emphasis on the seminal study by Goldin-Meadow and colleagues (2008). The results of this study revealed that participants tend to produce SVO and SOV word order, regardless of the syntax of their native language. This finding has been corroborated in later studies (Gibson et al. 2013; Hall et al. 2013; Sandler et a

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Azis and Juanda. "Student mental health euphemisms." XLinguae 16, no. 1 (2023): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.04.

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This study aims to reveal in-depth the nuances of euphemism in mental health texts. The advantage of this research is that it can have an impact on the development of semantic science with mental health texts, especially euphemisms. The theory that supports this research is Pan (2013), Rabab'ah, Al-Qarni (2012), Gostin (2013), Terry (2020) and the difference from this study is that it focuses on the nuances of euphemism with mental health texts. The research data that is prioritized is the words in sentences from the mental health text of students of Indonesian Language and Literature Educatio

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Diedrichsen, Elke. "Linguistic expressions as cultural units." Intercultural Pragmatics and Cultural Linguistics 7, no. 1 (2020): 121–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijolc.00030.die.

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Abstract The paper argues in favor of including cultural aspects in the description of communicative interaction. According to Eco (1976), a linguistic sign is a cultural unit. In order to use it properly, a speaker relies on communicative experience with this unit within a culture (Wittgenstein 1960; Feilke 1996, 1998; Everett 2012). We expand the notion of ‘cultural unit’ by including internet memes found in social media (Shifman 2013, 2014; Diedrichsen 2013a, 2013b, 2019a, 2019b). The term builds on Richard Dawkins’ 1976 definition of a ‘meme’ as a unit that is the cultural equivalent of a

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Fauzi, Muhamad, Frida Philiyanti, and Dwi Astuti Retno Lestari. "Analisis Pembentukan dan Perubahan Makna Wasei Eigo pada Situs Jejaring Sosial Ameba Blog." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Undiksha 10, no. 1 (2024): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbj.v10i1.67586.

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This study aims to identify the formation, change of meaning, and types of wasei-eigo found in the Ameba blog. The underlying theories are Tsujimura's (2014: 150) Japanese word formation, Irwin's (2011: 143) compound word shortening theory, Chaer's (2013: 140) meaning change theory, and wasei-eigo types according to Shibasaki, et al (2007: 90). The method used is qualitative descriptive method. The data analysis technique applied is translational pairing. The base technique is the technique of sorting out the determining elements (PUP) with the advanced technique of comparative relationship to

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Husnul Khotimah, Shafira, Ice Sariyati, and Erfan Muhammad Fauzi. "Slang Words in Comments From People on Elon Musk's X Account." IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature 12, no. 2 (2025): 2925–35. https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v12i2.5606.

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Slang is an informal type of language often used in everyday communication, especially on social media. Meanwhile, X, a popular social media platform, features many comments that frequently use slang words in its threads. Thus, this study aimed to classify the types of slang word formation and the functions of slang words found in comments on X. The theoretical framework for this study included Yule's (2010) theory on types of slang words and Zhou and Fan's (2013) theory on the functions of slang expressions. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The data were taken from comm

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GAO, TIANTIAN, PAUL FODOR, and MICHAEL KIFER. "Paraconsistency and word puzzles." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 16, no. 5-6 (2016): 703–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068416000326.

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AbstractWord puzzles and the problem of their representations in logic languages have received considerable attention in the last decade (Ponnuruet al. 2004; Shapiro 2011; Baral and Dzifcak 2012; Schwitter 2013). Of special interest is the problem of generating such representations directly from natural language (NL) or controlled natural language (CNL). An interesting variation of this problem, and to the best of our knowledge, scarcely explored variation in this context, is when the input information is inconsistent. In such situations, the existing encodings of word puzzles produce inconsis

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Abhinand, K. R., and H. K. Anasuya Devi. "An Approach for Generating Pattern-Based Shorthand Using Speech-to-Text Conversion and Machine Learning." Journal of Intelligent Systems 22, no. 3 (2013): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2013-0039.

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AbstractRapid handwriting, popularly known as shorthand, involves writing symbols and abbreviations in lieu of common words or phrases. This method increases the speed of transcription and is primarily used to record oral dictation. Someone skilled in shorthand will be able to write as fast as the dictation occurs, and these patterns are later transliterated into actual, natural language words. A new kind of rapid handwriting scheme is proposed, called the Pattern-Based Shorthand. A word on a keyboard involves pressing a unique sequence of keys in a particular order. This sequence forms a patt

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BASSETTI, BENE, PAOLA ESCUDERO, and RACHEL HAYES-HARB. "Second language phonology at the interface between acoustic and orthographic input." Applied Psycholinguistics 36, no. 1 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716414000393.

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Recently researchers have become increasingly interested in the influence of orthographic forms on second language (L2) phonology. Orthographic forms (or spellings) represent the sounds and words of a language in writing. L2 learners, in particular those in instructed settings, are simultaneously exposed to the orthographic forms and the phonological forms of the target language. Recent investigations have indicated that orthographic input can affect learners’ phonological development and word learning in their second language in various ways. The availability of L2 orthographic forms in the i

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Roberts, B. C. "Images, Lost and Found:The B Word(2013)." Journal of Bisexuality 15, no. 1 (2015): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2014.938145.

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Shi, Lu-Feng. "How “Proficient” Is Proficient? Bilingual Listeners' Recognition of English Words in Noise." American Journal of Audiology 24, no. 1 (2015): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_aja-14-0041.

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Purpose Shi (2011, 2013) obtained sensitivity/specificity measures of bilingual listeners' English and relative proficiency ratings as the predictor of English word recognition in quiet. The current study investigated how relative proficiency predicted word recognition in noise. Method Forty-two monolingual and 168 bilingual normal-hearing listeners were included. Bilingual listeners rated their proficiency in listening, speaking, and reading in English and in the other language using an 11-point scale. Listeners were presented with 50 English monosyllabic words in quiet at 45 dB HL and in mul

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Nagano, Akiko. "A conversion analysis of so-called coercion from relational to qualitative adjectives in English." Word Structure 11, no. 2 (2018): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2018.0124.

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It is widely observed that relational adjectives (RAdjs) in English can be coerced into qualitative adjectives (QAdjs) rather freely ( Farsi 1968 ; Beard 1991 ; Bauer et al. 2013 ; Nikolaeva & Spencer 2013 ; Lieber 2015 ). However, the process of coercion and its output properties have not been studied extensively. This paper presents a conversion analysis of the process and discusses how it is effected in the grammar and how converted QAdjs differ from non-converted suffixal ones, such as similatives. The analysis considers the working of the truthfulness operator within a class name NP.

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Ragozina, Sofia Andreevna. "The co-occurrence range of the word Islam in the Russian Print Media (2010–2013)." Islamovedenie 8, no. 1 (2017): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21779/2077-8155-2017-8-1-112-130.

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Paquot, Magali. "Cross-linguistic influence and formulaic language." EUROSLA Yearbook 14 (August 5, 2014): 240–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eurosla.14.10paq.

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This chapter reports on a follow-up study to Paquot (2013) which replicates its methodology to investigate transfer effects on French EFL learners’ use of recurrent word sequences. The study focuses on a large dataset of two- to four-word lexical bundles overrepresented in the French component of the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE) as compared to nine other ICLE learner sub-corpora. Results are in line with a usage-based view of language that recognizes the active role that the first language (L1) may play in the acquisition of a foreign language. In accordance with Paquot’s (20

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Ionin, Tania, and Tatiana Luchkina. "Focus on Russian Scope: An Experimental Investigation of the Relationship between Quantifier Scope, Prosody, and Information Structure." Linguistic Inquiry 49, no. 4 (2018): 741–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00288.

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An experimental investigation of quantifier scope in Russian SVO and OVS sentences, in which the factors of word order, prosody, information structure, and indefinite form are manipulated, shows that native Russian speakers have a preference for surface scope under neutral prosody, though this preference is more pronounced with odin ‘one’ indefinites than with dva ‘two’ indefinites. Furthermore, contrastive focus on the fronted object QP in OVS order is found to facilitate the inverse scope reading, but contrastive focus on the subject in SVO order is not. These findings have implications for

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Frith, Emily, and Paul D. Loprinzi. "15-Year Secular Trends in Cognitive Function Among Older Adults in the United States." Psychological Reports 122, no. 3 (2018): 841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294118765227.

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Cognitive impairment is associated with various chronic diseases, including mobility limitation and early mortality. Thus, evaluating changes in cognition is of paramount public health interest. The purpose of this study was to evaluate secular trends in cognitive function among a representative sample of the U.S. older adult population. Data from the 1999–2000, 2001–2002, 2011–2012, and 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were utilized to identify an aggregate sample of adults 60+ years of age. The sample size across the four respective cycles was 1417, 1558, 1422, and

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Bağriaçik, Metin. "Angela Ralli, Compounding in Modern Greek (= Studies in Morphology 2). Dordrecht: Springer, 2013." Word Structure 9, no. 2 (2016): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2016.0095.

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Fitri, Azzahra Allya, and Nur Rosita. "An Analysis of Morphosemantics Process on Live TikTok Online Shop." English Language and Literature 13, no. 3 (2024): 857. https://doi.org/10.24036/ell.v13i3.130590.

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This research aims to classify word formation processes of thrift terms, identify the types of semantic change, find out the type of contextual meaning found in TikTok live online shop Thrift Can Be Fun account. This research used descriptive qualitative method. This research used the theories of Kridalaksana (2007) for word formation process, Chaer (2013) for semantic change and Pateda (2010) for contextual meaning. The results found that there are five types of word formation process, namely affixation, reduplication, conversion, composition, shortening. Then, there are two types of semantic

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Ucar, Serpil. "A Corpus-based Study on the Use of Three-word Lexical Bundles in the Academic Writing by Native English and Turkish Non-native Writers." English Language Teaching 10, no. 12 (2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n12p28.

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The utilization of English recurrent word combinations –lexical bundles- play a fundamental role in academic prose (Karabacak & Qin, 2013). There has been highly limited research about comparing Turkish non-native and native English writers’ use of lexical bundles in academic prose in terms of frequency, structure and functions of lexical bundles (Bal, 2010; Karabacak & Qin, 2013, Öztürk, 2014). Therefore, this current research was conducted in order to investigate the most frequently used lexical bundles in the academically published articles of Turkish non-native and native speakers

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이현정. "A study on the comparison of new words between Japanese and Korean in terms of word type : word type and pattern of word compound of the constituent elements of compound word on the loanblend." Journal of japanese Language and Culture ll, no. 25 (2013): 371–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17314/jjlc.2013..25.019.

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Li, Wenchao. "Morphosyntactic Complexity in Old Japanese." European Journal of Statistics and Probability 10, no. 2 (2022): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ejsp.2013/vol10n21428.

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Old Japanese (592–794 AD) had a uniquely complex writing system: variant Chinese; classical Chinese; man'yōgana; senmyoo gaki. This study takes a mathematical linguistic approach, employing word length and dependency distance as metrics of the lexical and syntactic complexity of Old Japanese. We find that the distribution of Japanese dependency directions is balanced, indicating that Japanese is neither a strongly head-initial nor strongly head-final language. Neither an advcl relation nor a cc relation are detected, suggesting that syntactic structure in Old Japanese is simpler than Modern Ja

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BERNINI, ANTONIO, STEFANO BILOTTA, RENZO PINZANI, and VINCENT VAJNOVSZKI. "A Gray code for cross-bifix-free sets." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 27, no. 2 (2015): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129515000067.

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A cross-bifix-free set of words is a set in which no prefix of any length of any word is the suffix of any other word in the set. A construction of cross-bifix-free sets has recently been proposed in Cheeet al.(2013) within a constant factor of optimality. We propose a Gray code for these cross-bifix-free sets and a CAT algorithm generating it. Our Gray code list is trace partitioned, that is, words with zero in the same positions are consecutive in the list.

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Irwin, Richard S., Nicki Augustyn, Cynthia T. French, Jean Rice, Victoria Tedeschi, and Stephen J. Welch. "Spread the Word About the Journal in 2013." Chest 143, no. 1 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.12-2762.

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Brito, Ana Maria, and Gabriela Matos. "Orações consecutivas finitas em Português Europeu: uma análise sintática." Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística, no. 2 (October 31, 2016): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln2ano2016a3.

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In this paper we analyse antecedent and free consecutives. In consecutives with overt antecedents, we adopt the split degree hypothesis of Corver (1993, 1997a, b 2013), which has the advantage of separating determiner-like degree word and quantifier-like words. We also adopt Kennedy’s (1997, 1999) and Corver’s (2013) hypotheses that consecutive CPs are adjuncts that act as modifiers of a DegP, which form a unit with the degree/quantifying word at the level of LF. This analysis is extended to free consecutive clauses. We claim that in free consecutives the gradable expression is an elided const

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Warjiyono, Warjiyono, Ery Suryanti, Rousyati Rousyati, et al. "Pelatihan Aplikasi Perkantoran Untuk Meningkatan Kualitas SDM Perangkat Desa Karangmangu." Jurnal Abdimas BSI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (2021): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/jabdimas.v4i1.9102.

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Desa merupakan kesatuan masyarakat hukum yang memiliki batas-batas wilayah yang berwenang untuk mengatur dan mengurus kepentingan masyarakat setempat, Desa dipimpin oleh Lurah atau Kepala Desa yang dibantu oleh perangkat desa untuk menjalankan pelayanan kepada masyarakat seperti pembuatan surat keterangan dan surat penganta lainnya. Perangkat Desa Karangmangu Kecamatan Tarub Kabupaten Tegal rata-rata masih belum bisa mengoperasikan microsoft word dan excel, sehingga layanan kepada masyarakat waktunya menjadi lama dan kurang efektif. Padahal beberapa unit komputer telah tersedia, namun minimnya

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Trisnawati, Nia, and Dimas Adika. "Morphological Review in the Subtitle of “The Social Dilemma” Movie and Its Translation Quality." JETLEE : Journal of English Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature 5, no. 1 (2025): 10–23. https://doi.org/10.47766/jetlee.v5i1.3113.

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This research focuses on the quality of translation used in the movie “The Social Dilemma” through a morphological analysis. By exploring the film as a whole and then using a purposive sampling technique, the researchers selected terms that aligned with the objectives of this study. Using the theory from Garvey and Delahunty (2010), Hana and Feldman (2013), and Zapata (2000), the researchers found 7 types of words formation, which are affixation, compounding, abbreviation, conversion, coinage, borrowing, and blending. Through the process of identification, this study found some translation qua

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Bucci, Michelangelo, and Gwenaël Richomme. "Greedy Palindromic Lengths." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 29, no. 03 (2018): 331–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054118500077.

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In [A. Frid, S. Puzynina and L. Q. Zamboni, On palindromic factorization of words, Adv. in Appl. Math. 50 (2013) 737–748], it was conjectured that any infinite word whose palindromic lengths of factors are bounded is ultimately periodic. We introduce variants of this conjecture and prove this conjecture when the bound is 2. Especially we introduce left and right greedy palindromic lengths. These lengths are always greater than or equals to the initial palindromic length. When the greedy left (or right) palindromic lengths of prefixes of a word are bounded then this word is ultimately periodic.

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Jain, Goonjan, and D. K. Lobiyal. "Word sense disambiguation using implicit information." Natural Language Engineering 26, no. 4 (2019): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324919000421.

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AbstractHumans proficiently interpret the true sense of an ambiguous word by establishing association among words in a sentence. The complete sense of text is also based on implicit information, which is not explicitly mentioned. The absence of this implicit information is a significant problem for a computer program that attempts to determine the correct sense of ambiguous words. In this paper, we propose a novel method to uncover the implicit information that links the words of a sentence. We reveal this implicit information using a graph, which is then used to disambiguate the ambiguous wor

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Smirnova, Elizaveta, and Svetlana Shustova. "Denominal verbs with metaphorical meanings in British business media discourse." Metaphor and the Social World 8, no. 2 (2018): 267–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.17023.smi.

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Abstract This study is a corpus-based examination of denominal verbs with figurative meanings in the British business broadsheet The “Financial Times”. Based on the study of word-formation as the source of metaphoricity (Brdar & Brdar-Szabó, 2013; Janda, 2011, 2014; Steen et al., 2010) and propositional analysis (Pankrats, 1992; Steen, 2002), it presents the classification of such verbs, and discusses how and why denominal verbs with metaphorical meanings were used in the journalistic discourse about business. The empirical base of this study was a 621,000 word corpus of articles from The

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Li, Qizhi, Xianyong Li, Yajun Du, Yongquan Fan, and Xiaoliang Chen. "A New Sentiment-Enhanced Word Embedding Method for Sentiment Analysis." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (2022): 10236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010236.

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Since some sentiment words have similar syntactic and semantic features in the corpus, existing pre-trained word embeddings always perform poorly in sentiment analysis tasks. This paper proposes a new sentiment-enhanced word embedding (S-EWE) method to improve the effectiveness of sentence-level sentiment classification. This sentiment enhancement method takes full advantage of the mapping relationship between word embeddings and their corresponding sentiment orientations. This method first converts words to word embeddings and assigns sentiment mapping vectors to all word embeddings. Then, wo

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Stratos, Karl, Michael Collins, and Daniel Hsu. "Unsupervised Part-Of-Speech Tagging with Anchor Hidden Markov Models." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 4 (December 2016): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00096.

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We tackle unsupervised part-of-speech (POS) tagging by learning hidden Markov models (HMMs) that are particularly well-suited for the problem. These HMMs, which we call anchor HMMs, assume that each tag is associated with at least one word that can have no other tag, which is a relatively benign condition for POS tagging (e.g., “the” is a word that appears only under the determiner tag). We exploit this assumption and extend the non-negative matrix factorization framework of Arora et al. (2013) to design a consistent estimator for anchor HMMs. In experiments, our algorithm is competitive with

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Starrfelt, R., C. Gerlach, T. Habekost, and A. P. Leff. "Word-Superiority in Pure Alexia." Behavioural Neurology 26, no. 3 (2013): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/271815.

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Baumann, J., and N. Ismail. "The concept of “personal information” in the Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 – a comparative analysis from a European perspective." Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg 2021, no. 4 (2021): 718–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/tsar/2021/i4a4.

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Die Wet op Beskerming van Persoonlike Inligting 4 van 2013 is ’n mylpaal in die ontwikkeling van die Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing oor databeskerming. ’n Aantal sleutelbepalings van hierdie wet is vanaf 1 Julie 2021 van toepassing en hou aansienlike uitdagings in vir nakoming deur verantwoordelike partye. In die lig van die afdwingingsmeganismes wat deur Wet 4 van 2013 geïmplementeer word, is dit van kardinale belang om die omvang daarvan so presies moontlik te bepaal. Die begrip “persoonlike inligting” is van fundamentele belang vir die uitbreiding van die materiële omvang van die wet. Wet 4 van

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Sariah, NFN. "AKRONIM YANG BERFONOTAKTIK TIDAK LAZIM DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA." Linguistik Indonesia 32, no. 1 (2014): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/li.v32i1.14.

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This acronym research describes some uncommon phonotactic acronyms in Indonesian. Three indicators were used as guidance: (1) the list of phonotactic phonemes, (2) the common closed consonants, (3) the number of common syllables in Indonesian. The data were taken from national news papers from January 2012 thorugh March 2013. The results indicated: (1) uncommon phonotactic acronyms were usually found in the phoneme list of /md/ for Gakumdu, /nm/ for menmud, the /pk/ for Apkasi, and /pm/ for ipmi. (2) The acronyms of two identical sequenced consonants were found in the consonants /pp/ as in Bap

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Carlson, Matthew T., and Alexander McAllister. "I’ve heard that one before: Phonetic reduction in speech production as a possible contributing factor in perceptual illusory vowel effects." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 12, no. 2 (2019): 281–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2019-2013.

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Abstract This study probed the relationship between productive phonotactic repair and speech production, by asking whether the natural variability found in speech, through phonetic reduction, may include apparent illicit sequences requiring repair, even though the target words are licit. Spanish productively repairs word-initial /s/-consonant clusters (#sC) with a prothetic [e] in both production and perception. We asked whether the initial vowel in Spanish #VsC words like espalda ‘back’ is prone to reduction, and whether or not /e/, which matches the default repair vowel, is more susceptible

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Hogoboom, Anya, and Bennett Meale. "Vocalic segments and the phonetic basis of weight in Norwegian." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 8, no. 1 (2023): 5552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v8i1.5552.

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This paper revisits and expands on previous analyses of Norwegian syllable weight (Lunden 2006, 2013) and different rime shapes’ ability to draw stress. A production study was run to examine the durationally-based weight categorization of all possible Norwegian rime shapes in non-final and word-final positions. Specific attention is given to the behavior of word-final long vowels in open syllables, which may occur in the language but are relatively uncommon. Evidence regarding different rime shapes’ ability to draw stress is shown through the results of a perception study which probed listener

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Sas, Jerzy, and Andrzej Żołnierek. "Pipelined language model construction for Polish speech recognition." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 23, no. 3 (2013): 649–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amcs-2013-0049.

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Abstract The aim of works described in this article is to elaborate and experimentally evaluate a consistent method of Language Model (LM) construction for the sake of Polish speech recognition. In the proposed method we tried to take into account the features and specific problems experienced in practical applications of speech recognition in the Polish language, reach inflection, a loose word order and the tendency for short word deletion. The LM is created in five stages. Each successive stage takes the model prepared at the previous stage and modifies or extends it so as to improve its pro

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Ermingen-Marbach, Muna, Julia Pape-Neumann, Marion Grande, Anna Grabowska, and Stefan Heim. "Distinct neural signatures of cognitive subtypes of dyslexia: Effects of lexicality during phonological processing." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 73, no. 3 (2013): 404–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2013-1947.

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The present study investigates the neurobiological basis of two subtypes of dyslexia with either a double deficit (concerning phonological awareness and rapid naming) or a single rapid naming deficit. We compared such groups of German dyslexic primary school children to each other and with good reading children in a phoneme deletion task performed during fMRI scanning. Children heard German words or pseudowords and repeated the remainder of the stimulus while deleting the initial phoneme (e.g. tear – _ear). In four conditions, the input stimulus (word or pseudoword) could either become another

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Cotterell, Ryan, and Hinrich Schütze. "Joint Semantic Synthesis and Morphological Analysis of the Derived Word." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 6 (December 2018): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00003.

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Much like sentences are composed of words, words themselves are composed of smaller units. For example, the English word questionably can be analyzed as question+ able+ ly. However, this structural decomposition of the word does not directly give us a semantic representation of the word’s meaning. Since morphology obeys the principle of compositionality, the semantics of the word can be systematically derived from the meaning of its parts. In this work, we propose a novel probabilistic model of word formation that captures both the analysis of a word w into its constituent segments and the syn

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Wray, Rebecca. "The F-Word in Contemporary Women’s Writing." PsyPag Quarterly 1, no. 89 (2013): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpspag.2013.1.89.45.

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Ghanggo Ate, Yustinus. "Reduplication in Kodi: A Paradigm Function Account." Word Structure 14, no. 3 (2021): 312–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2021.0193.

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This paper investigates reduplication in Kodi, an under-documented and understudied language spoken in Sumba Island, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, eastern Indonesia. Reduplication in Kodi shows various patterns that fall under two major types: full reduplication and partial reduplication. Full reduplication mostly involves reduplication of the entire disyllabic base. In partial reduplication, the salient patterns that are copied are initial parts (a syllable and a foot), an internal part (a syllable), or final parts (foot) of the base. Furthermore, the reduplication process serves to express s

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Verma, Ashok, and Judith Donovan Post. "Reversible Pure Word Deafness." JAMA Neurology 70, no. 11 (2013): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamaneurol.509.

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Pontillo, Tiziana. "The Yugapad-Way Of Using Words: How a Linguistic Taboo Became a Crucial Literary Strategy." Lingua Posnaniensis 55, no. 2 (2013): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2013-0017.

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Abstract As Kātyāyana emphasizes while commenting on the ekaśeṣa-rules, words apply per object. Consequently, no word should be capable of conveying more than one object. By contrast not only does paronomasia, the so-called śleṣa, break the one-to-one relation between the śabda- and artha-levels of language; there are also grammatical rules which look like deviations from the naturally expected cause-effect relation between word forms and their meanings. The ekaśeṣa-rule represents one of these exceptions, since some parts of the artha are comprehensible, even without employing the word-form d

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Ekawati, Dian, Susi Yuliawati, and Susi Machdalena. "Domestic or Public? – Position and Role of Sundanese Women in Manglè Magazine (1958-2013): A Critical Review With a Corpus Linguistics Approach." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 13, no. 10 (2023): 2514–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1310.10.

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This research examines how collocations related to women in Sundanese language are displayed and represented in Manglè magazine media. To scrutinize how local media represent and position women in their articles, we conducted this research using a corpus linguistics approach and critical discourse analysis. The dynamics of word occurrences, collocations, and semantic preferences of Sundanese words related to women in Manglè Magazine from 1958-2013 are highlighted using AntCont software. Next, we identify the representational categories that occur in the articles. The results of this identifica

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Haugen, Jason D. "Ora Matushansky & Alec Marantz (eds.), Distributed Morphology today: Morphemes for Morris Halle. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 2013." Word Structure 9, no. 2 (2016): 250–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2016.0096.

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Hopp, Holger, and Michael T. Putnam. "Syntactic restructuring in heritage grammars." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 5, no. 2 (2015): 180–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.5.2.02hop.

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In order to elucidate the structure of heritage grammars, this paper presents an analysis of word order variation in Moundridge Schweitzer German (MSG), a moribund heritage variety of German spoken in South Central Kansas. Based on elicited production data and an acceptability judgment task, we show that the current state of the MSG grammar maintains the asymmetric German verb-second (V2) and verb-final (V-final) word-ordering closely tied to specific pragmatic information associated with clause-types and complementizers. Extensive contact with English does not lead to adoption of English word

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