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Journal articles on the topic 'Words and phrases (Roman law)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kypta, Ulla. "Gelehrtes Recht oder gelebte Praxis? Kaufleute und ihre Vertreter im späten Mittelalter." Das Mittelalter 25, no. 1 (2020): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mial-2020-0008.

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AbstractMerchants in late medieval Antwerp worked with a number of different representatives: They appointed proxies to trade on their behalf, to collect debts in their name or to represent them in court. If a merchant wanted to authorize another person to act on his behalf, he went to a notary who issued a letter of procuration. The article discusses the role of Roman law in these procurations. It contrasts the procurations issued by the notaries with other models for procurations found in a form book for notaries in Antwerp. The analysis comes to the conclusion that the basic idea of install

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Van der Schyff, Elmarie. "Constitutional Interpretation according to First National Bank of SA Limited T/A Wesbank v Commissioner for the South African Revenue Services and another; First National Bank of SA Limited T/A Wesbank v Minister of Finance 2002 (7) Bclr 702 Cc." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 6, no. 2 (2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2003/v6i2a2872.

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“Constitutional interpretation” has become the focus point of all lawyers and academics interested in the development of Constitutional Law in South Africa. But far more important than mere interest, is the practical application of the Constitution in every matter handled by lawyers and presided over by presiding officers. Words, phrases and ideas, foreign to the Roman-Dutch judicial system, have entered our jurisprudence. New concepts have emerged and old, familiar concepts have been re-defined. It is essential to define these new concepts. The guidelines for this interpretation process, laid

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Förster, Hans. "Σὺ λέγεις: Philologische Untersuchungen zur semantischen Valenz der Verbindung eines Personalpronomens mit einem verbum dicendi". New Testament Studies 67, № 1 (2020): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688520000259.

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The combination of two seemingly simple and commonly used words causes problems of understanding in a specific syntactic unit. The precise meaning of the phrase σὺ λέγεις appears to be unclear. A detailed semantic analysis indicates a certain and clear meaning of this phrase. It occurs in all four canonical Gospels as Jesus’ answer within the judicial proceedings leading up to his crucifixion. Consequently, it is of fundamental importance to understanding Jesus’ trial. The semantic analysis of the phrase σὺ λέγεις presented in this article offers a new basis for the discussion of the question

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Noonan, J. D. "Mettius Fufetius in Livy." Classical Antiquity 25, no. 2 (2006): 327–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2006.25.2.327.

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Abstract This essay makes the case that Livy's version of the tale of Mettius Fufetius transmits certain facts that relate to inherited ritual practices (horse-sacrifice among them) along with formulas used in early law and diplomacy. Although the author may not be fully aware of the original meaning of all he is handing down (e.g., the etymology of mitis) because he has simply taken materials from his sources without much critical investigation, the traditional elements are important to him because they seem to authenticate this legend about the reign of Tullus Hostilius. For the moralizing h

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Sari Nurahmandhani, Ambar, Dewi Rifattul Qonita, and Agung Prabowo. "Prediction of the Number of Language Users Ngapak (Penginyongan) Using Linier and Logistic Model." International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research 1, no. 2 (2021): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijeer.v1i2.121.

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The abstract should summarize the context, content and conclusions of the paper in less than 200-300 words. It should not contain any references or displayed equations. Typeset the abstract in 10pt Times Roman. A maximum of 4-6 key words or phrases must be given that will be useful for retrieval and indexing. The key words must be separated by commas and should not include acronyms.

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Wilson, Alida. "Statutory Interpretation." Legal Studies 7, no. 1 (1987): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1987.tb00352.x.

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The interpreter of a statute ought not, tempted by extraneous considerations, to force the meaning of words or phrases against a reasonable understanding or against the clear intention of the statute as a whole. He ought not, influenced by the tendency of legal practitioners to favour precise and narrow signification, to assume that precise and narrow signification is necessarily the most proper for words or phrases which are found difficult.

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7

Brooke, Christopher. "“In Roman Costume and with Roman Phrases”: Skinner, Pettit and Hobbes on Republican Liberty." Hobbes Studies 22, no. 2 (2009): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092158909x12452520755559.

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AbstractThe paper presents a critical discussion of Pettit and Skinner's recent treatments of Hobbes on republican freedom, in particular situating Hobbes's attack on the republican politicians from The Elements of Law in the contexts, first, of other contemporary suspicion directed against those politicians who struck a distinctively “Roman” pose, and, second, of Hobbes's wider psychology of politics, before concluding with some reflections on the relationship between Hobbes's political theory and the project of egalitarian republicanism.

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8

Greenberg, Daniel. "Babalola’s Law Dictionary of Judicially Defined Words and Phrases." Statute Law Review 39, no. 3 (2018): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmy008.

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9

Likwornik, Helena, Jason Chin, and Maya Bielinski. "The diverging dictionaries of science and law." International Journal of Evidence & Proof 22, no. 1 (2017): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1365712717725536.

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Scientific evidence is easily misunderstood. One of the most insidious instances of misunderstanding arises when scientific experts and those receiving their evidence assign different meanings to the same words. We expect scientific evidence to be difficult to understand. What is unexpected, and often far more difficult to detect, is the incorrect understanding of terms and phrases that appear familiar. In these circumstances, misunderstandings easily escape notice. We applied an evidence-based approach to investigating this phenomenon, asking two groups, one with legal education and one with

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10

Mehmeti, Sami. "Magna Carta And The Roman Law Tradition." SEEU Review 11, no. 1 (2015): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/seeur-2015-0017.

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Abstract Magna Carta is one of the most important illustrations of the exceptionalism of English common law. Within a completely feudal framework it gave the clearest possible articulation to the concept of the rule of law and at the same time it also showed that there were certain basic rights which every freeman enjoyed without any specific conferment by the king. From English perspective, continental European law after the process of the reception of Roman law was commonly regarded to be apart and different from the English legal tradition, as well as being perceived to pose a continual thr

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Litinas, Nikos. "“...in Sickness and in Health” Pollux of Naucratis and Papyri." Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete 68, no. 1 (2022): 56–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apf-2022-0005.

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Abstract This article is based on the study of two arguably different sources concerning the words which describe sickness and health: (1) the clusters of these words as they were compiled by Pollux of Naucratis at the end of the second century A.D., and (2) the various phrases or terms attested in the everyday language of the Greek papyri coming from Egypt, dated to the entire Greco-Roman period (III B.C.-VIII A.D.). The study of this converging, so to speak, of the two sources produces interesting results concerning the use of words used broadly in all aspects of one’s life, as recorded in v

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Żuraszek-Ryś, Iwona. "Latynizmy w powieściach bałkańskich Teodora Tomasza Jeża." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza 31, no. 2 (2024): 389–402. https://doi.org/10.14746/pspsj.2024.31.2.22.

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The considerations presented in the article were inspired by Professor Walczak’s remarks about T.T. Jeż’s overuse of Latinisms. The conducted research confirms this thesis also in relation to the Balkan novels – an analysis of their lexis showed that one of the most numerous groups of foreign vocabulary items contained in them are words of Latin origin. Their significant number was dictated by, among others, their subject matter, the genre of the texts or the artistic considerations. In addition, it should not be forgotten that the Polish language was and still is significantly saturated with

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Alimi-Memedi, Shpresa. "FORMALISM IN ROMAN CONTRACT LAW." Knowledge International Journal 34, no. 5 (2019): 1457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij34051457s.

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The certain mode of production conditions certain legal expressions, determines the character and the forms of expression of the law, and depending on this, certain legal institutes and legal principles arise and change. The principle of formalism in a certain period of development of contractual relations is nothing but an expression of certain socioeconomic and other conditions present in that period. The subject of this paper is the principle of formalism as a feature of Roman contract law, the emergent forms of formalism in Roman law, the causes and functions of formalism in certain stage

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Purwono, Prahoro Yudo, and Frans Asisi Datang. "Lexical and grammatical meaning’s ambiguity in the job creation law number 6 of 2023." KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching 10, no. 2 (2024): 566–83. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v10i2.33934.

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Job Creation Law Number 6 of 2023 was designed to revise and replace Job Creation Law Number 4 of 2022, which had previously replaced Job Creation Law Number 11 of 2020. Despite the primary objective of this law to address deficiencies in the previous laws, significant potential linguistic issues still exist, namely lexical and grammatical ambiguities. This is evident in several articles whose meanings remain ambiguous, dual, and contradictory with other articles or laws, opening opportunities for diverse interpretations and creating legal uncertainty. This study aims to delineate the forms of

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Ożóg, Jacek. "Warunek si navis ex Asia venerit w starożytności i średniowieczu." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 64, no. 2 (2018): 83–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cph.2012.64.2.04.

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The si navis ex Asia venerit condition made a spectacular career in the texts of Roman jurists. It was so characteristic that even the medieval works that drew on the Roman tradition had plenty of referrals to that condition. Its popularity was obviously connected with its reference to that sphere of life that was essential for the development of the Roman state. However, there is not enough data to allow determination to what extent the frequency of the reference to those words was influenced by sociological factors, or the authority of jurists whose words were quoted, and who referred to tha

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16

Purcell, Susan. "The law of Hobson-Jobson." English Today 25, no. 1 (2009): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078409000108.

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ABSTRACTYule and Burnell's 1886 Anglo-Indian dictionary still fascinates and informs today. It is not the finest of Salman Rushdie's writings, but this is the first paragraph of his essay Hobson-Jobson (italics in original):“The British Empire, many pundits now agree, descended like a juggernaut upon the barbicans of the East, in search of loot. The moguls of the raj went in palanquins, smoking cheroots, to sup toddy or sherbet on the verandahs of the gymkhana club, while the memsahibs fretted about the thugs in bandannas and dungarees who roamed the night like pariahs, plotting ghoulish deeds

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17

Gałuskina, Ksenia, and Joanna Sycz. "LATIN MAXIMS AND PHRASES IN THE POLISH, ENGLISH AND FRENCH LEGAL SYSTEMS – THE COMPARATIVE STUDY." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 34, no. 1 (2013): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2013-0020.

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Abstract The aim of this research paper is to examine Latin in the context of legal translation between the Polish, English and French languages. Latin ap- pears in contemporary legal discourse in the form of maxims, short phrases and terms. Even though it constitutes an integral element of legal drafting, Latin often attracts little attention from legal translators. It is falsely assumed that Latin elements of the text do not require translation due to several miscon- ceptions related to the Latin language. Firstly, Latin is generally perceived as a global language with no local variations in

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18

Ribary, Marton, and Barbara McGillivray. "A Corpus Approach to Roman Law Based on Justinian’s Digest." Informatics 7, no. 4 (2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics7040044.

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Traditional philological methods in Roman legal scholarship such as close reading and strict juristic reasoning have analysed law in extraordinary detail. Such methods, however, have paid less attention to the empirical characteristics of legal texts and occasionally projected an abstract framework onto the sources. The paper presents a series of computer-assisted methods to open new frontiers of inquiry. Using a Python coding environment, we have built a relational database of the Latin text of the Digest, a historical sourcebook of Roman law compiled under the order of Emperor Justinian in 5

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19

Pool, Eric H. "D. 41,2,3,21: Titulierte Besitzarten, Erwerbsgründeund das unum genus possidendi." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis 81, no. 3-4 (2013): 527–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-08134p08.

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D. 41,2,3,21 turns on the issue of how possessio is to be divided. Understanding its content presupposes making a distinction that was self-evident for the Roman jurist but has never been made by later scholars of Roman law. They do not distinguish the varying ‘causes’ of possession (pro emptore … pro suo) which mark different types of lawful possession, and the ‘causes’ of acquisition (causae adquirendi) which justify obtaining possesion as by an owner. Taking a legally valid sale as an example the distinctive features of (possessio) pro emptore in contrast to emptio are established as well a

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20

Klem, Matthew J. "Heavenly writing and the authority of rewritten scripture: Reevaluating explicit references to the Pentateuch in Jubilees." Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha 32, no. 3 (2023): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09518207221137068.

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Interpreters commonly designate two phrases in Jubilees, “the book of the first law” (6:22) and “the words of the law” (30:12), as explicit references to the already written Pentateuch that thus transparently acknowledge the historical context of its own production. However, these supposedly earthly writings are penned by the angel, and interpreters identifying them as already existing Torah seem to equivocate about whether they belong to an earthly or heavenly corpus. Supplementing the work of David Lambert, this article argues that the phrases can be coherently construed as references to hea

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Leontyeva, E. V. "‘My Roman Empire’: From Flashmob to Idiomatic Expression." Nauchnyi dialog 13, no. 3 (2024): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2024-13-3-31-53.

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The semantic and historical analysis of the expression ‘moya Rimskaya imperiya’ [‘my Roman Empire’] is relevant in the context of neologism studies. The novelty of the research lies in the unique opportunity to observe the real-time formation of a linguistic unit in live communication. It is reported that in 2023, expressions formatted as elaborate sentences containing the stable construction ‘moya Rimskaya imperiya’ [‘my Roman Empire’] gained popularity in the Russian-speaking segment of youth internet communication, signifying ‘the subject of my constant memories, reflections, experiences, a

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22

Wiaderna-Kuśnierz, Renata. "On crimes against the state in ancient Rome in the publications of Wacław Osuchowski." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio G (Ius) 71, no. 3 (2024): 153–64. https://doi.org/10.17951/g.2024.71.3.153-164.

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The achievements of Wacław Osuchowski, professor of Roman law at the Jan Kazimierz University in Lwów, the Catholic University of Lublin, the University of Wrocław, but first of all the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, cover almost all areas of Roman law: public and private, trial and criminal law. His monographs on obligatory law constitute a particularly valuable contribution both to the Polish and global field of Roman law studies. The subject of this article, however, is to analyze his less known achievements in the field of Roman criminal law, to be more precise, the subject of crimes a

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Barnucz, Nóra. "Book Review. Uricska Erna’s COVIDICTIONARY: Words and Phrases Related to the Global Pandemic." Papers in Arts and Humanities 1, no. 2 (2021): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52885/pah.v1i2.79.

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This unique work in its subject matter, genre and language was prepared during the first wave of the coronavirus epidemic. The theoretical background of the author’s research work is perfectly adjusted to Patyi’s “university triangle” model (“Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem, Intézményfejlesztési Terv 2015–2020,” n.d.), which basically illustrates the functioning of a university in a triple system of the activities “research—education—curriculum development,” and Paavola and Hakkarainen’s trialogical model (2005), which—through the competence of cooperation—provides an opportunity todevelop stude

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Perc, Matjaž. "Evolution of the most common English words and phrases over the centuries." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 77 (2012): 3323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0491.

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By determining the most common English words and phrases since the beginning of the sixteenth century, we obtain a unique large-scale view of the evolution of written text. We find that the most common words and phrases in any given year had a much shorter popularity lifespan in the sixteenth century than they had in the twentieth century. By measuring how their usage propagated across the years, we show that for the past two centuries, the process has been governed by linear preferential attachment. Along with the steady growth of the English lexicon, this provides an empirical explanation fo

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Chernykh, Y. M. "THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF LOGIC IN THE REVIVAL OF ROMAN LAW." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Pravo 14, no. 28 (2024): 106–12. https://doi.org/10.34079/2226-3047-2024-14-28-106-112.

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One of the understudied issues in the Early and High Middle Ages is the role and significance of logic in the Renaissance of Roman Law of the 11th and 12th centuries and, more broadly, in development of jurisprudence. In the background of the Roman Empire’s decline, Roman law and logical knowledge as spiritual manifestations of secular antique culture did not prove to correlate well with the ideas of Early Christianity. As a result, for a long time Roman law and logical knowledge remained beyond theoretical apprehension. Moreover, the Antique Greeks’ heritage in the field of development of fou

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Waelkens, Laurent. "Dans quelles limites peut-on parler d’enfants naturels dans le droit romain de l’Antiquité?" TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR RECHTSGESCHIEDENIS 80, no. 3-4 (2012): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-000a1213.

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To what extent is it possible to speak of natural children in the Roman law of Antiquity? – Most legal historians understand the Latin words filii naturales as ‘natural children’, with a connotation of illegitimate children, second-class because born and educated outside wedlock. An analysis of filius and naturalis in the Justinian collection learns that in Roman Antiquity these terms indicated own congenital children and had no negative undertone. The epitomes of the Breviarium of Alaric demonstrate that the modern denotation of natural children came up in the eighth century.

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Birks, Peter. "New Light on the Roman Legal System: the Appointment of Judges." Cambridge Law Journal 47, no. 1 (1988): 36–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300133719.

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In Spain in 1981, near Seville, there was a spectacular discovery. It allows us to see back to the reign of Domitian, third and last of the Flavian emperors (AD 81–96), and to recreate a vivid picture of the little local senate of Irni meeting in the very shadow of the municipality's newly acquired constitution. Ten bronze tablets, each nearly a metre wide and rather more than half a metre high, were fixed along the wall of its council-chamber, presumably at a level at which letters about half a centimetre high could be clearly read from ground level. Each rectangular tablet carried three colu

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Krükel, Amon. "Zum Irrtum des Erblassers im klassischen römischen Recht." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 91, no. 1-2 (2023): 51–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-2023xx13.

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Summary On error of the testator in classical Roman law. – The paper discusses the different ways in which the classical Roman jurisprudence treated the testator’s error, be it a mistake concerning the choice of words, be it a false estimation of facts misleading the testator’s voluntas. In either case, the jurists may have treated the erroneous disposition as void or reformulated it according to the testator’s intention. However, it is shown that – contrary to some voices in the literature – no general rules on dealing with errores can be recognised. Rather, the Roman jurists and emperors dec

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Ostański, Piotr. "„Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani” (Mt 27,46). Aramejskie wyrażenia w greckim tekście Nowego Testamentu." Poznańskie Studia Teologiczne, no. 30 (August 24, 2018): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pst.2016.30.10.

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There is no doubt that in Jesus’ times the three ancient languages, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek were commonly spoken in Roman Palestine. It is also beyond discussion that Jesus’ mother tongue was Aramaic.There are many Aramaic wordings in the Greek New Testament that are hinting at the original language of Jesus’ sermons. The aim of this paper is to investigate three Aramaic phrases in the Greek Gospels: Jesus’ cry from the cross (Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?; Mt 27:46; Mk 15:34), his command to the daughter of Jairus (Talitha koum; Mk 5:41) and his allusion to Aramaic characters (iōta – keraia;

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Marc’hadour, Germain. "More’s Utopia : Comparing Seven Recent Translations." Moreana 38 (Number 146), no. 2 (2001): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2001.38.2.7.

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This review article begins by pointing out that. to More. the number seven does not always imply a specific figure. The seven translations—Two English, two Italian, two Spanish, one Portuguese—are fïrst described in their significant aspects. Then each in turn is examined for its rendering of crucial words or phrases: a test of fidelity to More’s message and the subtle connotations carried by his idiosyncratic Latin.

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Zato, Zoltan. "Qualia Structure in Spanish Prepositional Verbs: When the verb resorts to a preposition." Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics 3, no. 1 (2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/1.3.1.2752.

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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">In generative grammar it is generally assumed that argumental prepositional phrases (PPs) can have two syntactic functions: argument and complement. Contrary to this assumption, I will propose a unified syntactic treatment for all argumental PPs, which I consider more appropriate to account for the main problems they pose. Focusing on Spanish, I will try

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Malarewicz-Jakubów, Agnieszka. "Interpretation of Declarations of Will by Parties to Civil-Law Agreements." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 32, no. 1 (2013): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2013-0002.

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Abstract Entering into a civil-law agreement always carries legal consequences. One of the most frequent mistakes committed by the parties entering into civil-law agreements is using ambiguous words or phrases in contracts. The interpretation of declarations of will should be distinguished from establishing their legal consequences. The interpretation of a declaration of will is a legal issue, whereas legal consequences of declarations of will may be specified right after establishing the meaning of a declaration of will. It is the interpretation that serves this purpose, but only after taking

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Bebbington, Laurence W. "IT in the Law." Legal Information Management 2, no. 3 (2002): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600001316.

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Earlier in the year Context launched Link Studio, an e-publishing program that automates the creation of hypertext links within documents. It eliminates the need for manual editing. The program can identify bibliographic citations, named entities (e.g. companies, organisations) and pre-defined words and phrases, interprets the varying ways in which such data can be presented and uses the resulting information to locate the cited document. It then automatically converts the reference into a link to it. This can lead to much faster link creation within documents. It may be useful for users who h

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Ponomarev, D. E. "Roman Law Without Greek Philosophy: A Hard Way Towards a Beginning of Dogmatic Jurisprudence." Antinomies 24, no. 1 (2024): 89–111. https://doi.org/10.17506/26867206_2024_24_1_89.

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The article analyzes the features of the reception of Roman law in Europe from the 5th to the 12th centuries. It is emphasized that both Greek logic and Roman law, as inherent elements of the cultural heritage of Antiquity, did not fit well with the early-Christian cultural basics. Therefore, these areas of secular knowledge had not remained in the focus of intellectual research and development for a long time. Logic, being represented by very few translated and commented Greek works, was not in demand as a meaningful intellectual technology. And without a fully developed logical apparatus, Ro

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Sayogie, Frans. "Pemaknaan Saksi dan Keterangan Saksi dalam Teks Hukum." Buletin Al-Turas 23, no. 1 (2017): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/bat.v23i1.4804.

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Abstract Meanings of words and phrases in legal text often lead a debate in the legal sphere. The ambiguity of the legal text would lead to uncertainty, injustice and inexpediency of law, because law is tied to language that basically always will give the interpretation of a written text of law. As a result of not fulfilled the terms of the law in the form of a written text of law like clarity, unambiguity, conciseness, and inclusion, meanings of words and phrases in legal text often, in this case, are often reviewed in The Constitutional Court of Republic of Indonesia. The Constitutional Cour

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TURCHYN, I., N. DUBNEVYCH, and L. HUNYA. "LEGAL TERMINOLOGY TRANSLATION IN THE TRAINING OF LAW STUDENTS: DIFFICULTIES." Current issues of linguistics and translations studies, no. 27 (April 27, 2023): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2023-27-28.

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The article presents certain difficulties in translating legal terms in training future lawyers. The translation of legal terminology is a comprehensive process that involves knowledge of grammar, common and legal vocabulary, words and phrases of Latin origin, and others. Definitions of «legal terminology», «legal term» and «legal translation» are highlighted. It is stated that legal translation requires a translator’s awareness of the laws, culture, history, national traditions of the source language and the target language in order to reproduce the source information of the target language a

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Schwartz, Joshua. "The Play’s the Thing: Toys in Ancient Jewish Society—Visualizing through the Words of the Rabbis." IMAGES 12, no. 1 (2019): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18718000-12340117.

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Abstract Everyone plays and that, of course, includes children. In an ideal world, there would be literary traditions, archaeological remains and artistic renditions, which would enable the reconstruction of toys. Unfortunately, the situation does not exist for ancient Jewish society. For the most part, there are depictions in rabbinic literature and it is those toy traditions which I examine. The study begins with those toys explicitly connected to halakhic issues, firstly with those traditions in which the toy is essential to the law and afterwards to those in which the toy is tangential to

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Pölönen, Janne, and Björn Hammarfelt. "Historical Bibliometrics Using Google Scholar: The Case of Roman Law, 1727–2016." Journal of Data and Information Science 5, no. 3 (2020): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2020-0024.

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AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the historical and linguistic coverage of Google Scholar, using publications in the field of Roman law as an example.Design/methodology/approachTo create a dataset of Roman law publications, we retrieved a total of 21,300 records of publications, published between years 1500 and 2016, with title including words denoting “Roman law” in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish.FindingsWe were able to find publications dating back to 1727. The largest number of publications and authors date to the late 19th century, and this peak mig

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Afnan Arummi, Ikhti Nur Halimah,. "KONDISI SOSIAL PENYAIR DALAM TEKS SYAIR 1999 KARYA ACHMAD MATHAR (KAJIAN STRATA NORMA ROMAN INGARDEN)." Jurnal CMES 12, no. 2 (2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/cmes.12.2.37884.

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<p>This research discusses the text structure and social condition of the poet in poetry “1999” by Achmad Mathar. The purpose of this research is to outline and to describe the text structure, and the social condition of the poet in that poetry. This research uses qualitative-descriptive method by elaborating of data text that contains words, phrases, or verses. The data were analyzed using the theory of strata Roman Ingarden norm and theory of solipsism. The result shows that the text structure in the poetry ”1999” by Achmad Mathar has five layers, namely the sound layer, the meaning la

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D. V., Radvan. "Letters and Speeches of Holy Roman Empress Adelheid, daughter of King of the Rus’, in Chronicles and Books in the late 11th - 12th Centuries." Studia Philologica, no. 21 (2023): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2023.217.

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Support for Holy Roman Empress Adelheid (Adelaida, Praxedis, Prassede, Evpraksia Vsevolodivna) at the Legatine council of Constance in April 1094 and at the Papal council of Piacenza in March 1095 was recorded in chronicles and canon law books. The article analyzes information about correspondence, speeches and contacts of Empress Adelheid during 1089-1095, recorded in the primary sources of the late 11th-12th centuries, in particular, information about her letters to the pope and to the German bishops, quotations from her phrases, summaries of her speeches at the council of Constance in 1094

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Schröter, Jens. "GOD'S RIGHTEOUSNESS AND HUMAN LAW: A NEW TESTAMENT PERSPECTIVE ON LAW AND THEOLOGY." Journal of Law and Religion 32, no. 1 (2017): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2017.21.

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It is a remarkable fact that ancient Christianity did not establish a distinct legal system. The early Christians did not take over the Jewish law as the basis for the church. Rather, they accepted the administrative and legal context of the Roman Empire and developed their religious and ethical views within this framework. Consequently, unlike in Judaism and Islam, a “Christian law” was not established, even not after the acceptance of Christianity as the official religion in the Roman Empire or as Christianity became the prevailing religion in the Middle Ages and remained so into modern time

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Velmani, N. "Howard Brenton’s Transliteration of Macbeth." Journal of English Language and Literature 4, no. 1 (2015): 352–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v4i1.77.

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Ever since the dawn of human civilization, incomparable Shakespeare shines with his incandescent luminosity through every word he wrote. The Bard of Avon is the most quoted writer in history. His plays have been translated into 50 languages. In the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations containing about 20,000 quotations, Shakespeare alone monopolises a staggering 60 pages (10 percent). The unique dramatist, with his insight into every aspect of human behaviour and emotion, packed his plays with nearly one million words, out of which 27, 870 are different words, the highest vocabulary in history. Man

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Tierney, Brian. "Ius dictum est a iure possidendo: Law and Rights in Decretales, 5.40.12." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 9 (1987): 457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900002106.

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Francisco Suarez devoted the opening chapter of his major work, De legibus ac Deo legislatore, to definitions of the words lex (law) and ius (right). In one sense, he wrote, ius could mean the same as lex, as in phrases like ius civile (civil law) or ius divinum (divine law). But there were other meanings too. In discussing them, Suarez quoted Isidore of Seville, ‘Ius is so called because it is just’, and Augustine, ‘What is done by right (iure) is done justly’—two texts that earlier had been incorporated into the medieval Corpus iuris canonici. According to this etymology, Suarez wrote, ius c

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Bono, Francesco. "Note minime sul ius dotium in Marziano Capella." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'histoire du droit / The Legal History Review 89, no. 1-2 (2021): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-12340008.

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Summary Martianus Capella’s De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, 9.898, echoes ancient jurisprudence, not only because the divinity Saturnus is depicted as a jurist, but because the passage also refers to a jurisprudential rule on dowries. The text suggests that dotem dicere is possible after a marriage has been celebrated. Legal authorities (both imperial constitutions and works by jurists) show that Saturnus’ words are consistent with principles of Roman law on dowries.

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Święcicka, Paulina. "PRAWO JURYSPRUDENCYJNE JAKO PRAWNICZY DYSKURS ARGUMENTACYJNY (ZARYS PROBLEMATYKI)." Zeszyty Prawnicze 11, no. 1 (2016): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2011.11.1.17.

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Jurists Law as Argumentative DiscourseSummary A preeminent role of jurists in creation of Roman law has been many times underlined and sketched in the modern Romanist’s literature. Most of activities in which jurists engaged fall within the scope of what is named “the Jurists law” –“Juristenrecht”, i.e. the law that has been developed through the activity of the legal experts – the Roman jurists. Therefore the nature of this type of law can perhaps be determined on the best way by description of the main activity of these experts – for Roman Antiquity it means the group of secular representati

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Fan, Zixuan. "The Interplay among Mythology, Culture, and the English Language." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 43, no. 1 (2024): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/43/20240847.

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Mythology refers to traditional stories often involving gods and heroes. Many of these tales have been widely popularized, and in turn, have been found to be of high significance in investigating the evolution of the English language and culture. As mythologies are often passed down through cultures, these tales heavily influence modern traditions and beliefs. They also play an important role in the evolution and development of certain languages. This paper discusses the relationship between mythology, language, and culture through the help of a comparative analysis of mythologies, vocabularie

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Nishchymna, S., and T. Andrushchenko. "THE LEGAL NATURE OF MARRIAGE IN ANCIENT ROME." Scientific Herald of Sivershchyna. Series: Law 2024, no. 3 (2024): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32755/sjlaw.2024.03.111.

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The article is devoted to the study of the legal nature of Roman marriage. It defines the concept of marriage as a socially significant union of a man and a woman, which determined the legal status of the wife and children born in this union, as well as property relations between the spouses. On the basis of Roman legal sources and scientific works of Roman lawyers, the classification of Roman marriages is defined, the grounds and conditions for entering the marriage and its dissolution are identified, and the differences between legal and illegal Roman marriages are outlined. The article focu

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Ostański, Piotr. "Ty będziesz nazywał się Kefas (J 1, 42). Kefas i inne aramejskie osobowe nazwy własne w greckim tekście Nowego Testamentu." Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny 24, no. 2 (2016): 7–22. https://doi.org/10.52097/wpt.2263.

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Everyone who studies the New Testament Bible must take into account its Aramaic background that results from several factors: – the Aramaic language was very popular in Roman Palestine during the first century A.D.; – the Aramaic was Jesus’ mother tongue; – Jesus’ teaching was being recorded in Aramaic and then it circulated among the people; – the oldest Church consisted of Aramaic speaking communities. It is worth remembering that the New Testament authors, when working on the Greek Gospels, they were following their Aramaic language habits. The effects of them were aramaisms in the Greek te

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Platschek, Johannes. "Ex iure manum conserere: Symbolic violence in early Roman property disputes." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 74, no. 3-4 (2006): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181906778946047.

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AbstractThe technical term ex iure manum conserere known from the formulas of the old Roman procedure concerning ownership (legis actio sacramento in rem) means – exactly as in the words' common use – 'to come to blows according to the law'. It signifies an act of mutual violence regarding the thing in dispute for the purpose to prepare a trial. The judicial decision about who was entitled to use force is indirectly an acknowledgment of ownership. The terminology is in line with other institutes of Roman law, and there are parallels in Greek law. In contrast, Gellius interprets ex iure in oppo

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Zadorozhny, Yuriy, and Galina Zadorozhnya. "The principle of bona fides: from the doctrine of Roman law to national justice." Slovo of the National School of Judges of Ukraine, no. 1(42) (September 4, 2023): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37566/2707-6849-2023-1(42)-2.

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The article examines the essence of the principle of bona fides, formed by the doctrine of Roman law, reveals its essence and analyzes the expediency of applying bona fides in the process of national justice. It is clarified that the principle of bona fides was the flagship in Roman law, but in the national legal system it is only an auxiliary principle. It was determined that the practical essence of bona fides in the judicial proceedings of the Roman legal system was that the judge, deciding this or that dispute, had the right to depart from the normative prescription if it contradicted bona

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