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Carlson, Corey M., Adam J. Dupuy, Sabine Fritz, Kevin J. Roberg-Perez, Colin F. Fletcher, and David A. Largaespada. "Transposon Mutagenesis of the Mouse Germline." Genetics 165, no. 1 (2003): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/165.1.243.
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Abstract Sleeping Beauty is a synthetic “cut-and-paste” transposon of the Tc1/mariner class. The Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB) was constructed on the basis of a consensus sequence obtained from an alignment of 12 remnant elements cloned from the genomes of eight different fish species. Transposition of Sleeping Beauty elements has been observed in cultured cells, hepatocytes of adult mice, one-cell mouse embryos, and the germline of mice. SB has potential as a random germline insertional mutagen useful for in vivo gene trapping in mice. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated transposition in the male germline of mice and transmission of novel inserted transposons in offspring. To determine sequence preferences and mutagenicity of SB-mediated transposition, we cloned and analyzed 44 gene-trap transposon insertion sites from a panel of 30 mice. The distribution and sequence content flanking these cloned insertion sites was compared to 44 mock insertion sites randomly selected from the genome. We find that germline SB transposon insertion sites are AT-rich and the sequence ANNTANNT is favored compared to other TA dinucleotides. Local transposition occurs with insertions closely linked to the donor site roughly one-third of the time. We find that ∼27% of the transposon insertions are in transcription units. Finally, we characterize an embryonic lethal mutation caused by endogenous splicing disruption in mice carrying a particular intron-inserted gene-trap transposon.
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Hultman, E. A., B. G. Gustavsson, J. B. Wojciechowsky, P. Nitzescu, L. E. Linder, and I. Curelaru. "“Half-way” venous catheters: developmental work on insertion." Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 33, no. 5 (1989): 432–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1989.tb02940.x.
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Nguyen, Yann, Guillaume Kazmitcheff, Daniele De Seta, Mathieu Miroir, Evelyne Ferrary, and Olivier Sterkers. "Definition of Metrics to Evaluate Cochlear Array Insertion Forces Performed with Forceps, Insertion Tool, or Motorized Tool in Temporal Bone Specimens." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/532570.
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Introduction. In order to achieve a minimal trauma to the inner ear structures during array insertion, it would be suitable to control insertion forces. The aim of this work was to compare the insertion forces of an array insertion into anatomical specimens with three different insertion techniques: with forceps, with a commercial tool, and with a motorized tool.Materials and Methods. Temporal bones have been mounted on a 6-axis force sensor to record insertion forces. Each temporal bone has been inserted, with a lateral wall electrode array, in random order, with each of the 3 techniques.Results. Forceps manual and commercial tool insertions generated multiple jerks during whole length insertion related to fits and starts. On the contrary, insertion force with the motorized tool only rose at the end of the insertion. Overall force momentum was 1.16 ± 0.505 N (mean ± SD,n=10), 1.337 ± 0.408 N (n=8), and 1.573 ± 0.764 N (n=8) for manual insertion with forceps and commercial and motorized tools, respectively.Conclusion. Considering force momentum, no difference between the three techniques was observed. Nevertheless, a more predictable force profile could be observed with the motorized tool with a smoother rise of insertion forces.
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Sábala, Martha, Erico Rentería-Pérez, and Fatima Díaz-Bambula. "Professional undergraduate internships as a work insertion device: work modality and hiring." Praxis Psy 22, no. 35 (2021): 48–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32995/praxispsy.v22i35.158.
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The article discusses the need to reflect on the educational level related to changes and transformations in the world of work, especially regarding higher education's professional internships. Issues related to preparedness and the legitimation of social institutions are recognized, as well as the recognition of production and work systems. Those are referred to as devices for labor incorporation, as they become scenes to apply disciplinary theories and knowledge, in order to assume problems at real contexts, institutions, and organizations, with conditions associated with “decent or full jobs”. In this case, internships refer to a traditional status job, a concrete project-oriented to ensure a better future, (uncertain) working conditions, and to match with some kind of professional who works fiscally or virtually, collets data, is involved with technological structures, duplicates in networks, is flexible, handles with uncertainty, and works – as an identifiable trend- on precarious paradoxical condition of being a student-worker, characterized as well as a means for the actual re-institutionalization of the world of work as a form to be included and hired. This reflection is based on research experiences and conceptual approximation from academic and applied spaces at professional levels, related to concepts such as Employability in its multi-dimensional sense and includes labor insertion and recognizes the undergraduate professional internships phenomena as a working modality which is being consolidated at re re-institutionalization of the work itself, and ends up legitimating other social spheres of occupational activity that must be discussed beyond curricular and academic aspects exclusively. Finally, undergraduate professional internships are reconfigured as a social space of projection an insertion in and for work.
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Xu, Binkai, Xiangdong Liu, and Bo Zhou. "Calculation Methods of Solution Chemical Potential and Application in Emulsion Microencapsulation." Molecules 26, no. 10 (2021): 2991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102991.
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Several new biased sampling methods were summarized for solution chemical potential calculation methods in the field of emulsion microencapsulation. The principles, features, and calculation efficiencies of various biased Widom insertion sampling methods were introduced, including volume detection bias, simulation ensemble bias, and particle insertion bias. The proper matches between various types of solution in emulsion and biased Widom methods were suggested, following detailed analyses on the biased insertion techniques. The volume detection bias methods effectively improved the accuracy of the data and the calculation efficiency by inserting detection particles and were suggested to be used for the calculation of solvent chemical potential for the homogeneous aqueous phase of the emulsion. The chemical potential of water, argon, and fluorobenzene (a typical solvent of the oil phase in double emulsion) was calculated by a new, optimized volume detection bias proposed by this work. The recently developed Well-Tempered(WT)-Metadynamics method skillfully constructed low-density regions for particle insertion and dynamically adjusted the system configuration according to the potential energy around the detection point, and hence, could be used for the oil-polymer mixtures of microencapsulation emulsion. For the macromolecule solutes in the oil or aqueous phase of the emulsion, the particle insertion bias could be applied to greatly increase the success rate of Widom insertions. Readers were expected to choose appropriate biased Widom methods to carry out their calculations on chemical potential, fugacity, and solubility of solutions based on the system molecular properties, inspired by this paper.
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Schlauch, Michele, Pam Rogers, Rhonda Pyne, Cathy Tomchik, Carol Ellis, and Kyungsook Gartrell. "Implementation of Lean Daily Management: A Vascular Access Team Quality Improvement Project to Enhance Nurses’ Workflow and Patient Outcomes." Journal of the Association for Vascular Access 25, no. 3 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2309/java-d-20-00011.
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Highlights Abstract Background: The process for patients to receive a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) has been unclear, allowing for delays in care and discharge and increased costs. To address these problems, a vascular access team implemented the Lean process. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of an ultrasound initiative to insert peripheral intravenous lines (IVs) and midlines and modification of PICC insertion hours on the nurses’ workflow and patient outcomes. Methods: This quality improvement project used retrospective data analysis. Patients’ data from fiscal year (FY) 2010 to FY 2019 was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t tests for continuous data, and a Poisson regression for count data. Results: After the ultrasound initiative, the volume of PICC insertions decreased by 20%, which represents a significant reduction. The mean cost also decreased from $171,681 to $147,620. Although there was no substantial cost saving, the total cost was reduced by 14%. After implementation of ultrasound guidance for peripheral IV and midline access, the central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate dropped by 70%. The estimated treatment cost for CLABSI significantly decreased from $481,600 to $156,800. After implementation, the total estimated cost savings was $1,624,000. Modified PICC insertion hours resulted in significantly reduced mean hours from order time to insertion. Conclusions: Standard work and process improvements using the Lean process were effective. The ultrasound initiative decreased unnecessary PICC insertions, reduced cost, and decreased the CLABSI rate. Modified PICC insertion hours enhanced the nurses’ work by reducing the average time from PICC order to placement.
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Kustikova, Olga, Zhixiong Li, Christopher Baum, and Boris Fehse. "Insertion Sites of Retroviral Gene-Marking Vectors Influence the Contribution of Individual, Non-Malignant Cell Clones to Long-Term Hematopoiesis." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.293.293.
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Abstract Replication-defective gammaretroviral vectors have successfully been used for gene marking and therapy studies. Recently, we and others have shown that proto-oncogene upregulation due to retroviral vector insertion may trigger malignant transformation of engineered cells. We have now investigated whether insertional mutagenesis may also influence the contribution of individual cell clones to normal long-term hematopoiesis. Therefore, using LM-PCR we retrieved retroviral insertion sites from hematopoietic cells of mice exhibiting progression to oligoclonal or monoclonal hematopoiesis upon serial bone marrow transplantation. From 28 mice analyzed (12 primary, 16 secondary) we obtained a total of 67 insertions that matched the murine genome. In samples harvested from primary recipients seven months after transplantation of gene-marked cells a number of intriguing hits (HoxB4, Evi1, Ly78, Ccnd3, Pip5k2a) was found obviously already reflecting selection for long-term repopulating ability. Strikingly, almost all clones analyzed five months after serial transplantation revealed hits in genes with an established or potential role in the self-renewal process of hematopoietic stem cells (e.g., Vegfa, HoxB4, CyclinD3, Evi1) or other genes involved in the regulation of cell survival (Ly78, Pip5k2a, Irf2bp, Cflar). Two (Evi1, Ccnd3) among the 13 insertions associated with serial repopulation activity were already established common integration sites (CIS) in the context of mouse leukemias elicited by replication-competent retroviruses (RTCGD database). Using RT-PCR transcriptional activation involving fusion transcripts originating from the retroviral LTR into exons could be detected for the two genes (HoxB4, Vegfa) tested. Interestingly, Evi1 was the only gene targeted several times - with distinct insertions in 5 different clones. However, despite the fact that Evi1 was also the only established proto-oncogene found to be marked, four of the clones detected in primary recipients were lost upon serial transplantation. This indicates that insertion into the Evi1 locus, although having the potential to promote engraftment and/or survival of a given clone, was not sufficient for malignant transformation. Thus our data demonstrate a delicate regulatory balance following insertional mutagenesis by replication-deficient retroviral vectors. These findings have major implications for interpreting results from diagnostic gene marking experiments, for gene therapy, and the discovery of genes regulating stem cell turnover. (The first two authors contributed equally to this work)
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Shivani, Durai, Bin Huey Quek, Pih Lin Tan, and Tagore Shephali. "Does rescue cerclage work?" Journal of Perinatal Medicine 46, no. 8 (2018): 876–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2017-0311.
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Abstract Rescue cervical cerclage (RCC), also known as emergency cerclage, has long been the subject of controversy. Its use in women who have a dilated cervix has been ambivalent. RCC is often considered as a salvage measure for pregnancies which are at a high risk of severe preterm delivery (PTD) or mid-trimester miscarriage. This study aims to examine and assess the efficacy of RCC and its ability to prolong pregnancy until neonatal viability is achieved. The current data suggest that RCC is associated with a longer latency period frequently resulting in better pregnancy outcomes (Namouz S, Porat S, Okun N, Windrim R, Farine D. Emergency cerclage: literature review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2013;68:379–88). This is supported by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) which states that the insertion of a rescue cerclage may delay delivery by a further 5 weeks on average as compared with expectant management or bed rest alone (Shennan AH. To MS: RCOG Green Top Guidelines: Cervical Cerclage RCOG.2011. Available from: www.rcog.org.uk). It further states that it may be associated with a two-fold reduction in the possibility of delivery before 34 weeks of gestation (Shennan AH. To MS: RCOG Green Top Guidelines: Cervical Cerclage RCOG.2011. Available from: www.rcog.org.uk). Our study reveals that the average insertion to delivery interval at our centre was 71.2 days with a live birth rate of 92.5%. A total of 89.1% of women delivered beyond 24 weeks of gestation.
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R., Martha C. Sandino, Esnel González H., and Heriberto González Valencia. "Comparative Work Insertion of Professionals in Sports 2008 Vs. 2012." Modern Applied Science 12, no. 6 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n6p1.
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This article shows a comparative analysis of the labor insertion of the program named ¨Professionals in Sport and Physical Activity¨ 2008 and the program with a new name ¨Professional in Sports¨ 2012, in order to know the significant differences about their first job, type of contract and the relationship of their job with the career they studied. Frequency distribution tables and the statistical software EPIDAT 3.1 were used in both groups. It was concluded that graduated students work by contract to provide services and that their jobs are directly related to their professional training.
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Minami, Kato, Titus Masese, and Kazuki Yoshii. "Coronene: a high-voltage anion insertion and de-insertion cathode for potassium-ion batteries." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 11 (2021): 4921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj00387a.
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Strecker, Jonathan, Alim Ladha, Zachary Gardner, et al. "RNA-guided DNA insertion with CRISPR-associated transposases." Science 365, no. 6448 (2019): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aax9181.
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CRISPR-Cas nucleases are powerful tools for manipulating nucleic acids; however, targeted insertion of DNA remains a challenge, as it requires host cell repair machinery. Here we characterize a CRISPR-associated transposase from cyanobacteria Scytonema hofmanni (ShCAST) that consists of Tn7-like transposase subunits and the type V-K CRISPR effector (Cas12k). ShCAST catalyzes RNA-guided DNA transposition by unidirectionally inserting segments of DNA 60 to 66 base pairs downstream of the protospacer. ShCAST integrates DNA into targeted sites in the Escherichia coli genome with frequencies of up to 80% without positive selection. This work expands our understanding of the functional diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems and establishes a paradigm for precision DNA insertion.
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DÍAZ-GONZÁLEZ, JULIA, J. FERNANDO VÁZQUEZ, JESÚS ALBORNOZ, and ANA DOMÍNGUEZ. "Long-term evolution of the roo transposable element copy number in mutation accumulation lines of Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics Research 93, no. 3 (2011): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672311000103.
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SummaryThe rate of insertion of transposable elements (TEs) is a fundamental parameter to understand both their dynamics and role in the evolution of the eukaryotic genome. Nonetheless, direct estimates of insertion rates are scarce because transposition is in general a rare phenomenon. A great deal of our previous work on transposition was based on a set of long-term mutation accumulation (MA) lines of Drosophila melanogaster started in 1987 (Oviedo lines), where roo was found highly active, with a rate of insertion of 7×10−4 insertions per element and generation, as compared with other 15 TE families that presented transposition rates around 10−5. Here, we study the evolution of the roo transposition rate, by in situ hybridization, after 60–75 additional generations of MA in two subsets of the Oviedo lines, O and O′, which had achieved average numbers of roo insertions of 77 and 84, respectively. In the O lines, insertions accumulated at a rate that remained constant (7×10−4 insertions per element and generation); however, the subset of lines O′ showed a lower accumulation rate of 4×10−4 insertions per element per generation, suggesting a regulation of transposition that depends on the number of elements. However, one of the O′ lines reached a number of 103 insertions, departing from the group mean by 4·6 sd, and showing that it escapes regulation. Hence, ‘de novo’ mutations affecting the regulation of transposition are relatively common. These results are discussed in relation to the possible mechanisms of containment of TEs.
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Althoefer, K., B. Lara, Y. H. Zweiri,, and L. D. Seneviratne. "Automated failure classification for assembly with self-tapping threaded fastenings using artificial neural networks." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 222, no. 6 (2008): 1081–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes546.
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This paper presents a new strategy for the automated monitoring and classification of self-tapping threaded fastenings, based on artificial neural networks. Threaded fastenings represent one of the most common assembly methods making the automation of this task highly desirable. It has been shown that the torque versus insertion depth signature signals measured on-line can be used for monitoring threaded insertions. However, the research to date provides only a binary successful/unsuccessful type of classification. In practice when a fault occurs it is useful to know the causes leading to it. Extending earlier work by the authors, a radial basis neural network is used to classify insertion signals, differentiating successful insertions from failed insertions and categorizing different types of insertion failures. The neural network is first tested using a computer simulation study based on a mathematical model of the process. The network is then validated using experimental torque signature signals obtained from an electric screwdriver equipped with an optical shaft encoder and a rotary torque sensor. Test results are presented proving that this novel approach allows failure detection and classification in a reliable and robust way. The key advantages of the proposed method, when compared to existing methods, are improved and automated set-up procedures and its generalization capabilities in the presence of noise and component discrepancies due to tolerances.
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Idris Olawale, Allison. "Vowel Deletion and Insertion in Úwù." Journal of Language and Education 3, no. 2 (2017): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2017-3-2-19-29.
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Úwù is one of the many endangered languages in Nigeria.The number of its fluent speakers is believed to be less than 2000.The language is spoken in a small community known as Àyèré in Ìjùmú Local Government Area (LGA) of Kogi state. This paper describes the manifestation of vowel deletion and insertion in the language with the view of testing earlier assertions on the nature of vowel deletion and insertion in languages that are genetically related to Úwù. Apart from this, the paper is also an attempt to document these phonological phenomena (i.e. vowel deletion and insertion) before the language goes into extinction. About six hundred (600) lexical items of Úwù were collected for this research work with the aid of the 1000 word-list of the Summer Institute of Linguistics. Both linear and non-linear models were adopted for analysis in this research work. Cases involving segmental phonemes were analyzed with the linear phonology, while cases of feature stability and feature spread wereanalyzed using the non-linear model. The paper, among other things, reveals that the pattern of vowel deletion is predictable in Úwù, auto-segments like tone (mostly high tone), nasality and labial or round features usually persist even when the vowel which bore them was deleted. Apart from this, the paper also reveals that [i] is the epenthetic vowel in Úwù, and lastly, it is argued in the paper that nouns in Úwù are virtually vowel initial.
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Idris Olawale, Allison. "Vowel Deletion and Insertion in Úwù." Journal of Language and Education 3, no. 2 (2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2017-3-2-19-38.
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Úwù is one of the many endangered languages in Nigeria.The number of its fluent speakers is believed to be less than 2000.The language is spoken in a small community known as Àyèré in Ìjùmú Local Government Area (LGA) of Kogi state. This paper describes the manifestation of vowel deletion and insertion in the language with the view of testing earlier assertions on the nature of vowel deletion and insertion in languages that are genetically related to Úwù. Apart from this, the paper is also an attempt to document these phonological phenomena (i.e. vowel deletion and insertion) before the language goes into extinction. About six hundred (600) lexical items of Úwù were collected for this research work with the aid of the 1000 word-list of the Summer Institute of Linguistics. Both linear and non-linear models were adopted for analysis in this research work. Cases involving segmental phonemes were analyzed with the linear phonology, while cases of feature stability and feature spread wereanalyzed using the non-linear model. The paper, among other things, reveals that the pattern of vowel deletion is predictable in Úwù, auto-segments like tone (mostly high tone), nasality and labial or round features usually persist even when the vowel which bore them was deleted. Apart from this, the paper also reveals that [i] is the epenthetic vowel in Úwù, and lastly, it is argued in the paper that nouns in Úwù are virtually vowel initial.
 
 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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PAULI, JANDIR, LIDIANE CÁSSIA COMIN, JULIANE RUFFATTO, and ANDREA POLETO OLTRAMARI. "Relationship between precarious work and racism for migrants in Brazil." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 19, no. 2 (2021): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120200019.
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Abstract Amid the growing global flow of goods, workers migrating in search of work face a major challenge of integration in destination countries. Issues of racism and discrimination emerge in the workplace, causing inequality of opportunity. This research aims to describe the relationship between precarious work, discrimination at work, and perception of racism by migrant workers. The preliminary analysis of scientific production on the subject in Brazil suggests that the racist social structure is a condition for the insertion of migrant workers in precarious working conditions, compromising their social insertion. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted through a survey of four ethnic groups from different Brazilian regions. The results confirm the influence of precarious work on the perception of racism, with discrimination at work being a moderating variable in this relationship.
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Grois, Dan, Evgeny Kaminsky, and Ofer Hadar. "Efficient Real-Time Video-in-Video Insertion into a Pre-Encoded Video Stream." ISRN Signal Processing 2011 (February 14, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/975462.
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This work relates to the developing and implementing of an efficient method and system for the fast real-time Video-in-Video (ViV) insertion, thereby enabling efficiently inserting a video sequence into a predefined location within a pre-encoded video stream. The proposed method and system are based on dividing the video insertion process into two steps. The first step (i.e., the Video-in-Video Constrained Format (ViVCF) encoder) includes the modification of the conventional H.264/AVC video encoder to support the visual content insertion Constrained Format (CF), including generation of isolated regions without using the Frequent Macroblock Ordering (FMO) slicing, and to support the fast real-time insertion of overlays. Although, the first step is computationally intensive, it should to be performed only once even if different overlays have to be modified (e.g., for different users). The second step for performing the ViV insertion (i.e., the ViVCF inserter) is relatively simple (operating mostly in a bit-domain), and is performed separately for each different overlay. The performance of the presented method and system is demonstrated and compared with the H.264/AVC reference software (JM 12); according to our experimental results, there is a significantly low bit-rate overhead, while there is substantially no degradation in the PSNR quality.
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Pammer, Dávid, and Eszter Bognár. "Examination of Bone Like Materials." Materials Science Forum 812 (February 2015): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.812.233.
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The aim of this research is to develop a new minimally invasive measurement procedure. With this method implantologist could determine the local mechanical and structural properties of the cellular solids materials (e.g. bones) into which implants are placed. The currently applied methods are based on image measurement procedures (CT, Hounsfield scale etc.). The dentists, with the knowledge of the determined mechanical properties of the bone, can choose the ideal surgical parameters (flap size, diameter of drill, hole-depth, healing time, etc.) and the ideal implant type for the patients. During the development of the measuring procedure, was used bone modeling materials (“bone-like materials”) instead of bone. With these materials it is easier to do tests, than with living tissues. The bone like materials needs to have the same mechanical and structural properties as the given bone. The following bone like materials was used during the measurement: woods (Amaranth, Alnus, Ipe, Iroko, Robinia, Pyrus, Zebrano), and on the market available polyurethane solid foams (Sawbones D1 and D2). Among the literatures are summaries, which include the biomechanical assessments for implant stability. These technics are good to determine the implant stability in different bones and bone like materials after the implantation. In this work torsional test were used. This test is based on the determination of the insertion torque as a function of the implant displacement. Used the insertion torque functions and the screw geometrical parameters, the rotational work was determined. The different materials insertion torque functions have different slope values. The slopes and the rotational work results show which bone like material has similar insertion parameters (insertion torque function, rotational work) as a mandible during the insertion of an implant. With this torsional test and the knowledge of the bone like materials insertion torque functions and the rotational works it is possible to find the best material for the modeling of an implantation. Using this material, medical students can practice and improved the surgical techniques.
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Luke, K. K., and Wei Zhang. "Insertion as a self-repair device and its interactional motivations in Chinese conversation." Chinese Language and Discourse 1, no. 2 (2010): 153–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.1.2.01luk.
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Conversational repair has been studied for its organizational features, relationship with syntax, and interactional functions. This paper focuses on one particular type of same-turn self-repair, namely, insertions. Examining in detail a collection of insertions culled from a corpus of naturally occurring conversational data in Mandarin Chinese, an investigation has been carried out on the forms and functions of insertions in their sequential contexts. In terms of form and organization, two kinds of insertion are identified: local and global. ‘Local’ insertions operate on trouble-sources located within NPs, VPs, and sentences, achieving in most cases the modification of a reference or a predication. ‘Global’ insertions tend to be used to supplement a narrative with background information designed to make the point of the narrative more readily understood or better appreciated by the recipient. An in-depth analysis of insertions in their situational and sequential contexts reveals a variety of interactional motivations, including facilitating the recognizability of references, doing alignment and identity work, contributing to the construction of accounts, and providing backgrounding information in the delivery of narratives.
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Oravcová, Jarmila, Peter Košťál, Daynier Rolando Delgado Sobrino, and Radovan Holubek. "Clamping Fixture Design Methodology for the Proper Workpiece Insertion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 309 (February 2013): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.309.20.
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In this paper is described the design methodology of clamping fixture with the foolproofing capability. This capability eliminates the wrong work piece inserting and positioning in the clamping fixture. This methodology includes the work piece classification by its symmetry. To work piece symmetry evaluation are used the rotational and mirroring transformations. In the explored area of symmetrical transformations interactions we put the foolproofing pins, or switches.
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Milford, C. A., and B. C. Vinayak. "General Practitioner follow-up of children undergoing grommet insertion. Can it work?" Clinical Otolaryngology 20, no. 1 (1995): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.1995.tb00001.x.
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Barbero, Esther, Boris Bellesia, Alessandro Bonito Oliva, et al. "Progress on European ITER TF Coil Cold Test and Insertion Work Package." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 26, no. 4 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2016.2522653.
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Joad, AnjumKhan, Akanksha Dutt, and Mamta Sharma. "Induction for classic laryngeal mask airway insertion: Does low-dose fentanyl work?" Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology 28, no. 2 (2012): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-9185.94877.
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EL-Gharib, Mohamed Nabih. "Effect of Diclofenac Versus Misoprostol on Pain Perception During Copper IUD Insertion in Cases of Stenosed Cervix." Gynecology and Obstetrics Open Access Open Journal I, no. 1 (2019): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33169/gyne.obste.gaooaoj-i-104.
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Background The current work levels to assess the analgesic effect of vaginal misoprostol versus intramuscular diclofenac sodium and in facilitating IUCD insertion in women with cervical stenosis. Study Design A randomized double-blind controlled trial. The work was conducted in the Outpatient Clinic of Tanta university hospital between June 2017 and September 2018. Sixty parous women with the stenosed cervix, meanwhile eligible for copper IUD insertion were recruited and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to vaginal misoprostol 400 ugs or diclofenac sodium 75 mg ampule intramuscularly, 2 hours before insertion of IUD. Results Sixty women were enrolled (n = 30 in each group). Misoprostol significantly facilitated the insertion of IUD whereas diclofenac sodium has lowered the average pain score during all steps of IUD insertion. Side effects were higher in the misoprostol group. Conclusion This study depicts that the use of 400 ugs of misoprostol vaginally, prior to IUD insertion in women with stenosed cervix facilitates the introduction and IM injection of 75 mg diclofenac sodium reduced the pain perception.
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Badescu, Mircea, Carmen Purcar, and Delia Badescu. "Ankle Foot Orthoses with Wire Insertion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 371 (August 2013): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.371.554.
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The objective of the work is to present some researches regarding the virtual modelling of external medical devices with wire insertion. Ankle foot orthoses are used to correct and prevent different disfunctions of the human body and also in athlets recovery. The research is motivate by the problems appeared using this medical devices: durability issues, patient confort, manufacturing costs, lightweight, flexible access to shoes, inexpensive, readily available. These issues depends of the wey design, manufacturing technology, materials used, patient behavior, skills manufacturer. Wire insertion in polypropylene is a new approach of orthoses materials.
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Gu, Jiatao, Qi Liu, and Kyunghyun Cho. "Insertion-based Decoding with Automatically Inferred Generation Order." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 7 (November 2019): 661–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00292.
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Conventional neural autoregressive decoding commonly assumes a fixed left-to-right generation order, which may be sub-optimal. In this work, we propose a novel decoding algorithm— InDIGO—which supports flexible sequence generation in arbitrary orders through insertion operations. We extend Transformer, a state-of-the-art sequence generation model, to efficiently implement the proposed approach, enabling it to be trained with either a pre-defined generation order or adaptive orders obtained from beam-search. Experiments on four real-world tasks, including word order recovery, machine translation, image caption, and code generation, demonstrate that our algorithm can generate sequences following arbitrary orders, while achieving competitive or even better performance compared with the conventional left-to-right generation. The generated sequences show that InDIGO adopts adaptive generation orders based on input information.
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Payer, Lindsay M., Jared P. Steranka, Wan Rou Yang, et al. "Structural variants caused by Alu insertions are associated with risks for many human diseases." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 20 (2017): E3984—E3992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704117114.
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Interspersed repeat sequences comprise much of our DNA, although their functional effects are poorly understood. The most commonly occurring repeat is the Alu short interspersed element. New Alu insertions occur in human populations, and have been responsible for several instances of genetic disease. In this study, we sought to determine if there are instances of polymorphic Alu insertion variants that function in a common variant, common disease paradigm. We cataloged 809 polymorphic Alu elements mapping to 1,159 loci implicated in disease risk by genome-wide association study (GWAS) (P < 10−8). We found that Alu insertion variants occur disproportionately at GWAS loci (P = 0.013). Moreover, we identified 44 of these Alu elements in linkage disequilibrium (r2 > 0.7) with the trait-associated SNP. This figure represents a >20-fold increase in the number of polymorphic Alu elements associated with human phenotypes. This work provides a broader perspective on how structural variants in repetitive DNAs may contribute to human disease.
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Field, J. R. "Torque recoil following screw insertion." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 17, no. 03 (2004): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632805.
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SummaryOur ability to apply screws in a uniformly reproducible manner using “human torque control” has been shown to be very inconsistent. As a means of reducing this variability, torque-limiting devices are being utilized in select trauma and spinal applications. Cortical, cancellous and pedicle screws are now applied to a set, predetermined level of torque. It has been shown that extraction torque can be a little as 10% at the torque level at the time of application at plate removal 10 weeks after application. Using cadaveric specimens, the current study has evaluated the extraction torque immediately after application to a predetermined level. Regardless of the specimen, or location within the specimen, a significant difference was observed between the set application torque (1.5 Nm) and that obtained at the time of extraction (0.9 Nm). Some values were as low as 33% of the insertion value. This work suggests that in order to standardize interfragmentary compression, or bone plate fixation, we can not rely upon screw torque as the means of defining screw behaviour. Displacement control would appear to be the key to enable adaptation to the differing mechanical and biological nature of the bone and to overcome the recoil observed.
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Malinova, Irina, Arkadiusz Zupok, Amid Massouh, et al. "Correction of frameshift mutations in the atpB gene by translational recoding in chloroplasts of Oenothera and tobacco." Plant Cell 33, no. 5 (2021): 1682–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab050.
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Abstract Translational recoding, also known as ribosomal frameshifting, is a process that causes ribosome slippage along the messenger RNA, thereby changing the amino acid sequence of the synthesized protein. Whether the chloroplast employs recoding is unknown. I-iota, a plastome mutant of Oenothera (evening primrose), carries a single adenine insertion in an oligoA stretch [11A] of the atpB coding region (encoding the β-subunit of the ATP synthase). The mutation is expected to cause synthesis of a truncated, nonfunctional protein. We report that a full-length AtpB protein is detectable in I-iota leaves, suggesting operation of a recoding mechanism. To characterize the phenomenon, we generated transplastomic tobacco lines in which the atpB reading frame was altered by insertions or deletions in the oligoA motif. We observed that insertion of two adenines was more efficiently corrected than insertion of a single adenine, or deletion of one or two adenines. We further show that homopolymeric composition of the oligoA stretch is essential for recoding, as an additional replacement of AAA lysine codon by AAG resulted in an albino phenotype. Our work provides evidence for the operation of translational recoding in chloroplasts. Recoding enables correction of frameshift mutations and can restore photoautotrophic growth in the presence of a mutation that otherwise would be lethal.
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Lee, Han Cheng, Yan Kuin Su, Jia Ching Lin, Chun Yuan Huang, Yi Cheng Cheng, and Kuo Jen Chang. "AlInGaN UV-C photodetectors with an insertion layer of high work function metal." physica status solidi (c) 7, no. 2 (2010): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200982410.
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TEITELBAUM, GEORGE P., MARK McGURRIN, BARBARA L. DAVIES, et al. "Insertion and Recovery of a New Retrievable Vena Caval Filter Work in Progress." Investigative Radiology 23, no. 7 (1988): 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004424-198807000-00009.
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Hardy, T., and G. Dovell. "Shunt insertion in carotid endarterectomy - Can we simulate it and does it work?" International Journal of Surgery 55 (July 2018): S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.466.
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Štíbr, Bohumil. "Phosphorus Insertion Into Borane Clusters. A Review." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 67, no. 7 (2002): 843–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20020843.
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A review is presented on the methods of incorporation of phosphorus vertices into borane, carborane and heteroborane clusters. The structural diversity of boron cluster compounds allows for the synthesis of various types of phosphaboranes, phosphacarboranes and phosphaheteroboranes of structurally different cluster shapes, sizes, and positional isomerism. The phosphaborane compounds outlined in this work are direct analogues of corresponding carboranes. This analogy is the main reason for recent interest and developments in this area. A review with 45 references.
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Fletcher, James W. A., Lisa Wenzel, Verena Neumann, et al. "Surgical performance when inserting non-locking screws: a systematic review." EFORT Open Reviews 5, no. 1 (2020): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.180066.
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Billions of screws are inserted by surgeons each year, making them the most commonly inserted implant. When using non-locking screws, insertion technique is decided by the surgeon, including how much to tighten each screw. The aims of this study were to assess, through a systematic review, the screw tightness and rate of material stripping produced by surgeons and the effect of different variables related to screw insertion. Twelve studies were included, with 260 surgeons inserting a total of 2793 screws; an average of 11 screws each, although only 1510 screws have been inserted by 145 surgeons where tightness was measured – average tightness was 78±10% for cortical (n = 1079) and 80±6% for cancellous screw insertions (n = 431). An average of 26% of all inserted screws irreparably damaged and stripped screw holes, reducing the construct pullout strength. Furthermore, awareness of bone stripping is very poor, meaning that screws must be considerably overtightened before a surgeon will typically detect it. Variation between individual surgeons’ ability to optimally insert screws was seen, with some surgeons stripping more than 90% of samples and others hardly any. Contradictory findings were seen for the relationship between the tightness achieved and bone density. The optimum tightness for screws remains unknown, thus subjectively chosen screw tightness, which varies greatly, remains without an established target to generate the best possible construct for any given situation. Work is needed to establish these targets, and to develop methods to accurately and repeatably achieve them. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:26-36. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.180066
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Shkumat, Nicholas A., Yahya Al Brashdi, Sabina Volodina, Dimitri Parra, and Bairbre L. Connolly. "Dosimetric Feasibility of Cone-Beam CT in Pediatric Image-Guided Retrograde Gastrostomy Tube Insertions." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 71, no. 1 (2020): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0846537119885680.
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Purpose: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in interventional radiology allows volumetric imaging with open patient access. This work aimed to assess radiation dose metrics of CBCT in simulated image-guided retrograde gastrostomy (IGRG) tube insertions in pediatric anthropomorphic phantoms and to compare them to measured radiation dose metrics obtained using fluoroscopy during clinical IGRG tube insertions in children. Methods: Radiation dose indices obtained from radiation dose structured reports of fluoroscopic IGRG tube insertions were retrospectively evaluated in a consecutive cohort of 30 children. Dose indices were fractionated into 3 clinical stages for each procedure ( planning, insertion, and confirmation). These 3 stages in 30 patients (3 × 30 = 90 patient stages) were compared to dose indices measured from 4 CBCT acquisition protocols acquired in pediatric phantoms. Results: The mean proportion of radiation dose during planning, insertion, and confirmation was 35%, 38% and 27%, with mean reference-point air kerma (range) measured to be 1.0 (0.02-6.0) mGy, 0.9 (0.03-4.1) mGy, and 0.7 (0.04-3.7) mGy, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomography dose varied greatly depending on technical parameters and protocol selection, ranging from 0.7 to 39.3 mGy. In 19% of patient stages, the most dose-sparing CBCT protocol evaluated on phantoms delivered less radiation than the radiation dose indices recorded from patient’s fluoroscopy. Conclusions: From a dosimetric perspective, radiation delivered in CBCT can vary widely, yet can be appreciably low. With appropriate CBCT protocol selection, the radiation dose delivered may be sufficiently low to warrant consideration for use, if clinically needed during difficult IGRG tube insertions, and satisfy the interventionalist’s benefit–risk assessment.
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Wang, Xinyue, Di Wang, Jia Li, Meixia Zhang та Peng Song. "Physical Mechanism of Photoinduced Charge Transfer in One- and Two-Photon Absorption in D-D-π-A Systems". Materials 14, № 14 (2021): 3925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143925.
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The photoinduced charge transfer process of a D-π-A molecule (W1) and three D-D-π-A molecules (WS5–WS7) with triphenylamine as a donor was studied theoretically. D-D-π-A molecules are formed by inserting donors between the triphenylamine and π-linker (π-bridge) on the base of the W1 molecule. The results showed that donor insertion resulted in a red shift in the absorption spectrum, and the absorption intensity increased to a certain extent. A visualization method was used to observe the charge transfer of the four molecules in the process of one- and two-photon absorption (TPA). The local excitation enhanced charge transfer excitation in the TPA process was analyzed and discussed, and the insertion of the thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole donor showed the largest TPA cross-section. This work contributed to the profound understanding of D-D-π-A molecules and the design of large cross-section TPA molecules.
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He, Ou, Sheqin Dong, Jinian Bian, and Satoshi Goto. "Buffer Planning for IP Placement Using Sliced-LFF." VLSI Design 2011 (January 18, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/530851.
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IP cores are widely used in modern SOC designs. Hierarchical design has been employed for the growing design complexity, which stimulates the need for fixed-outline floorplanning. Meanwhile, buffer insertion is usually adopted to meet the timing requirement. In this paper, buffer insertion is considered with a fixed-outline constraint using Less Flexibility First (LFF) algorithm. Compared with Simulated Annealing (SA), our work is able to distinguish geometric differences between two floorplan candidates, even if they have the same topological structure. This is helpful to get a better result for buffer planning since buffer insertion is quite sensitive to a geometric change. We also extend the previous LFF to a more robust version called Sliced-LFF to improve buffer planning. Moreover, a 2-staged LFF framework and a post-greedy procedure are introduced based on our net-classing strategy and finally achieve a significant improvement on the success rate of buffer insertion (40.7% and 37.1% in different feature sizes). Moreover, our work is much faster than SA, since it is deterministic without iterations.
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de Toro Espejel, J. Fernandez, and Zahra Sharif Khodaei. "Lightning Strike Simulation in Composite Structures." Key Engineering Materials 754 (September 2017): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.754.181.
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Lighting strike is one of the critical threats to the safety of composite aircrafts during flight. This work reports on numerical simulation of lightning strike in composite structures. Different modelling techniques using the commercial software ABAQUS, together with damage models are studied to find the most appropriate one in comparison to experimental results. Once the numerical model is validated, the effect of insertion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metallic mesh in the composite is investigated. It is concluded that inserting CNTs in the top layer of the composite can improve its lightning strike protection noticeably.
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McCourt, I., T. Truslove, and J. Kubie. "Penetration of tubulars into horizontal oil wells." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 216, no. 12 (2002): 1237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440602321029472.
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Penetration of tubulars into horizontal oil wells is investigated in this work. Locking of the tubulars by frictional forces alone is modelled by inserting small diameter rubber rods into horizontal acrylic tubes. Three different regions of the penetrating rod are described: the initial straight section, followed by sinusoidal deformations with gradually decreasing lengths and increasing amplitudes, which finally develop into helical deformations with subsequent lock-up. The effect of the insertion velocity is also investigated. A simplified model is developed, which is in reasonable agreement with experimental data.
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Junker, Lauren M., Joseph E. Peters, and Anthony G. Hay. "Global analysis of candidate genes important for fitness in a competitive biofilm using DNA-array-based transposon mapping." Microbiology 152, no. 8 (2006): 2233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28767-0.
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Escherichia coli strain PHL628 was subjected to saturating Tn5 transposon mutagenesis and then grown under competitive planktonic or biofilm conditions. The locations of transposon insertions from the remaining cells were then mapped on a gene array. The results from the array mapping indicated that 4.5 % of the E. coli genome was important under these conditions. Specifically, 114 genes were identified as important for the biofilm lifestyle, whereas 80 genes were important for the planktonic lifestyle. Four broad functional categories were identified as biofilm-important. These included genes encoding cell structures, small-molecule transport, energy metabolism and regulatory functions. For one of these genes, arcA, an insertion mutant was generated and its biofilm-related phenotype was examined. Results from both the transposon array and insertion mutagenesis indicated that arcA, which is known to be a negative response regulator of genes in aerobic pathways, was important for competitiveness in E. coli PHL628 biofilms. This work also demonstrated that ligation-mediated PCR, coupled with array-based transposon mapping, was an effective tool for identifying a large variety of candidate genes that are important for biofilm fitness.
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Pitchandi, Nagarajan, Saravana Perumaal Subramanian, and Muhilan Irulappan. "Insertion force analysis of compliantly supported peg-in-hole assembly." Assembly Automation 37, no. 3 (2017): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-12-2016-167.
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Purpose This paper aims to estimate the required insertion force and to analyze the influence of damping in a compliantly supported chamfered peg-in-hole assembly under dynamic conditions. Design/methodology/approach A mathematical model of the insertion process, including damping coefficient and stiffness of the compliance, insertion speed, mass, inertia and friction coefficient, has been developed. Computer aided design (CAD) model of the peg-in-hole assembly environment with passive compliance is created. The dynamic insertion force of the modeled environment is analyzed using multibody dynamics numerical solver. Findings The damping property of the viscoelastic materials used in the passive compliances suppresses the vibration caused due to the impulses in the transition of the peg in hole. It also increases the insertion force required for the peg insertion at the initial stage. Research limitations/implications As the search strategies are not considered in this work, it is assumed that the initial contact is ensured between the chamfer and the peg of the assembly. A constant insertion speed is maintained throughout the insertion. Otherwise, it could have been varied at different stages of the insertion for reducing the assembly time. Practical implications The developed assembly model can be used for predicting the insertion forces of a chamfered peg-in-hole assembly and for designing/selecting the compliance device for the required assembly environment. Originality/value The proposed insertion model has considered the damping and elastic property of the compliance material as a parallel arrangement of spring and dashpot. This approach aids in modeling an insertion process closer to real-time assembly process.
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Mota, Mislândia Marques, Isabel P. Araújo, and Luís Carlos S. Barbosa. "Atuação do(a) Psicólogo(a) organizacional e do trabalho no contexto hospitalar: desafios e possibilidades." Somma: Revista Cientifica do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí 7, no. 1 (2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51361/somma.v7i1.4.
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The present work is the result of a literature review and analysis about the praxis of the Organizational and Work Psychologist in the hospital administrative context. The study aimed to unveil the main challenges and possibilities of action in this practice. Based on the material collected and analyzed, the relevance in contributions that Organizational and Work Psychology can bring to hospital management was evidenced, casting its specialized look at the pertinent questions of the health organization as a whole, resolving and mediating conflicts, enabling well-being and pleasure for employees, as well as contributing to the institution'sgeneral management and administration. However, it also became evident that there are still some challenges in the performance of these professionals in hospital institutions, these impasses ranging from their insertion, to the definition of their functions in these environments.
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Bellesia, Boris, Robert Harrison, Angela Hernandez, et al. "Progress on European ITER Toroidal Field Coil Procurement: Cold Test and Insertion Work Package." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 30, no. 4 (2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2020.2972503.
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LIU, WANYU, ZHIYONG YANG, and SHAN JIANG. "A MECHANICS-BASED MODEL FOR SIMULATING THE NEEDLE DEFLECTION IN TRANSVERSE ISOTROPIC TISSUE FOR A PERCUTANEOUS PUNCTURE." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 19, no. 06 (2019): 1950060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021951941950060x.
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During the percutaneous puncture for robot-assisted brachytherapy, a medical needle is usually inserted into fiber-structured soft tissue which has transverse isotropic elasticity, such as muscle and skin, to deliver radioactive seeds that kill cancer cells. To place the radioactive seeds more accurately, it is necessary to assess the effect of the transverse isotropic elasticity on the needle deflection. A mechanics-based model for simulating the needle deflection in transverse isotropic tissue is developed in this paper. The anisotropic needle–tissue interaction forces are estimated and used as inputs to drive the model for simulating needle deflections for different insertion orientation angles. Automatic insertion experiments were performed on a single-layered porcine muscle at five different insertion orientation angles. The results show that the maximum difference in the tip deflection for the different insertion orientation angles is 2.99[Formula: see text]mm when the insertion depth is 50[Formula: see text]mm. The maximum simulated error of the needle axis deflection is 0.62[Formula: see text]mm for all insertion orientation angles. The developed model can successfully simulate the needle deflections inside transverse isotropic tissue for different insertion orientation angles. This work is useful for predicting and compensating for the deflection error for automatic needle insertion.
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Maher,, S. A., P. J. Prendergast,, A. J. Reid, and, D. V. Waide, and A. Toni. "Design and Validation of a Machine for Reproducible Precision Insertion of Femoral Hip Prostheses for Preclinical Testing." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 122, no. 2 (1999): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.429645.
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Preclinical testing of orthopaedic implants is becoming increasingly important to eliminate inferior designs before animal experiments or clinical trials are begun. Preclinical tests can include both laboratory bench tests and computational modeling. One problem with bench tests is that variability in prosthesis insertion can significantly influence the failure rate; this makes comparison of prostheses more difficult. To solve this problem an insertion method is required that is both accurate and reproducible. In this work, a general approach to the insertion of hip prostheses into femoral bones is proposed based on physically replicating an insertion path determined using computer animation. As a first step, the seated prosthesis position is determined from templates and femur radiographs. Three-dimensional images of the prosthesis and bone are then imported into computer animation software and an insertion path in the coronal plane is determined. The insertion path is used to determine the profile of a cam. By attaching the prosthesis to a carriage, which is pneumatically moved along this cam, the required insertion motion of the prosthesis in the coronal plane can be achieved. This paper describes the design and validation of the insertion machine. For the validation study, a nonsymmetric hip prosthesis design (Lubinus SPII, Waldemar Link, Germany) is used. It is shown that the insertion machine has sufficient accuracy and reproducibility for preclinical mechanical testing. [S0148-0731(00)00602-6]
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Abdulwahab, Walled K., and Abdulkareem A. Kadhim. "Internal pilot insertion for polar codes." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 3 (2021): 1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1495-1504.
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Two internal pilot insertion methods are proposed for polar codes to improve their error correction performance. The presented methods are based on a study of the weight distribution of the given polar code. The insertion of pilot bits provided a new way to control the coding rate of the modified polar code on the basis of the Hamming weight properties without sacrificing the code construction and the related channel condition. Rate control is highly demanded by 5G channel coding schemes. Two short-length polar codes were considered in the work with successive cancellation list decoding. The results showed that advantages in the range of 0.1 to 0.75 dB were obtained in the relative tolerance of the modified coded signal to the additive white Gaussian noise and fading channels at a bit error rate of 10<sup>−4</sup>. The simulation results also revealed that the performance improvements were possible with a careful insertion of the pilots. The modified polar code with pilot insertion provided performance improvement and offered the control of the coding rate without any added complexity at both the encoder and the decoder.
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Alleva, Vincenzo, Andrea Bettidi, Walter Ciccognani, et al. "High-power monolithic AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor switches." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 1, no. 4 (2009): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078709990183.
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This work presents the design, fabrication, and test of X-band and 2–18 GHz wideband high-power single pole double throw (SPDT) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) switches in microstrip gallium nitride (GaN) technology. Such switches have demonstrated state-of-the-art performances and RF fabrication yields better than 65%. In particular, the X-band switch exhibits 1 dB insertion loss, better than 37 dB isolation, and a power handling capability better than 39 dBm at a 1 dB insertion loss compression point; the wideband switch shows an insertion loss lower than 2.2 dB, better than 25 dB isolation, and an insertion loss compression of 1 dB at an input drive higher than 38.5 dBm in the entire bandwidth.
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Harris, Nicola J., Kalypso Charalambous, Heather E. Findlay, and Paula J. Booth. "Lipids modulate the insertion and folding of the nascent chains of alpha helical membrane proteins." Biochemical Society Transactions 46, no. 5 (2018): 1355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20170424.
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Membrane proteins must be inserted into a membrane and folded into their correct structure to function correctly. This insertion occurs during translation and synthesis by the ribosome for most α-helical membrane proteins. Precisely how this co-translational insertion and folding occurs, and the role played by the surrounding lipids, is still not understood. Most of the work on the influence of the lipid environment on folding and insertion has focussed on denatured, fully translated proteins, and thus does not replicate folding during unidirectional elongation of nascent chains that occurs in the cell. This review aims to highlight recent advances in elucidating lipid composition and bilayer properties optimal for insertion and folding of nascent chains in the membrane and in the assembly of oligomeric proteins.
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Qiao, Xu, Mei Shunqi, Yan Xiaoyu, et al. "Analysis of the magnetic field and electromagnetic force of a non-striking weft insertion system for super broad-width looms, based on an electromagnetic launcher." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 21-22 (2019): 4620–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519839371.
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Weft insertion based on electromagnetic launch technology is a novel and very promising approach for super broad-width (6–12 m) (SBW) looms. There are considerable challenges involved in designing such a system, including analyzing the electromagnetic field while incorporating the effect of a clip weft device, and accurately calculating the electromagnetic and motion parameters of the weft insertion mechanism. In this study, an electromagnetic launch, non-striking weft insertion method for an SBW loom is proposed. The electromagnetic field is analyzed with the finite element method and includes the effect of a clip weft device. Simulation of the motion, analysis of the maximum flight speed of the clip weft device and the work done by electromagnetic force are presented. We also describe an experimental model for electromagnetic launch weft insertion and calculate the electromagnetic force required for weft insertion, using analytical methods and numerical finite element methods. Comparison of the results with measured values shows that this electromagnetic launch weft insertion system has good flexibility. In addition, the weft insertion speed required for different width looms can be obtained by changing the current of the coil or the coil stage number of the launching system.
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Sevinc, Mustafa. "Educational value of Internet videos in vascular access." Journal of Vascular Access 20, no. 5 (2019): 537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1129729819845956.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate individually uploaded Internet materials about catheter insertion and removal in terms of their educative value. Methods: YouTube videos for both catheter insertion and catheter removal were investigated. Rating, like, dislike, the position of a patient, maneuvers during removal, immediate coverage of removal site, and type of cover material were noted. A survey regarding daily practices for catheter interventions and approaches to educative social media platforms had been taken from medical professionals as well to determine the effect of social media on learning practices. Results: A total of 50 insertion and 35 removal videos were investigated. The popularity of insertion and removal videos was 4.7 (1.6–16.5) and 1.88 (0.66–4.54), respectively. ( p = 0.011). The position of a patient during insertion was supine in 80%, Trendelenburg in 18%, and upright in 82.9% of the removal videos ( p = 0.000). The survey showed that medical professionals watched insertion videos (66%) more than removal videos (11.7%) ( p = 0.002). Catheter insertion positions were similar among participants ( p = 0.553). Removal positions were different in specialties ( p = 0.023) in which especially nephrologists tend to remove the catheter at the sitting position. Conclusion: Medical professionals think that removal is an easier procedure than insertion. They both search more for insertion videos and upload more insertion videos. Insertion practices are similar among different specialties. However, removal practices are more heterogeneous. Individually uploaded catheter videos at YouTube are not reliable educative materials. More free official work should be produced to maintain sufficient qualified online material on social media platforms.