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Nisarga, N. Chilakwad, and Rais A. Rizvi. Syed. "EFFECTIVENESS OF WORK HARDENING PROGRAM IN BANKERS HAVING WORK-RELATED CHRONIC NECK PAIN IN BANGALORE." VIMS Journal of Physical Therapy 1, no. 2 (2019): 79–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3753857.
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Backgroundand Objectives: Disorders caused due to working patterns or work related stresses are called occupa-tional disorders.Work related neck disorders are common problems in office workers,especially among those who are intensive computer users.Banking occupation requires a lot of stereotyped movements of the arms, hands and fin-gers,and repetitive occupational tasks with short cycle times have become more and more frequent in modern tech-nology as seen in this type of occupation with many of them associated with increased rates of chronic neck pain. Work place rehabilitation is necessary for work related to chronic neck pain in bankers.The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Work hardening program along with Conservative treatment versus Conservative treatment alone in bankers having Chronic neck pain. Methods:60 bankers having Chronic neck pain were randomly allocated in two groups.Group A received Conservative treatment alone and Group B received a Work hardening program along with Conservative treatment.The outcome was assessed in terms of Neck Disability Scale (NDI) scores and Numeric Pain rating Scale (NPRS) scores pre interven-tion and post intervention. Results:Both the interventions of conservative treatment and conservative treatment with a work hardening pro-gram were individually effective.But,the subjects treated with a conservative with work hardening program was sig-nificantly effective than conservative alone. Interpretation and Conclusion:The present study concludes that both treatment protocols were effective in reduc-ing Chronic neck pain.Further it was also noticed that Group B was more effective in improving neck disability and in reducing pain than Group A.Thus applying for the treatment protocol Work hardening program along with Conserva-tive treatment was better than Conservative treatment applied alone.
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Bostick, Geoff P., Robert Ferrari, Linda J. Carroll, et al. "A population-based survey of beliefs about neck pain from whiplash injury, work-related neck pain, and work-related upper extremity pain." European Journal of Pain 13, no. 3 (2009): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.04.003.
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Rață, Andreea Luciana, Sorin Barac, Loredana Luciana Garleanu, and Roxana Ramona Onofrei. "Work-Related Musculoskeletal Complaints in Surgeons." Healthcare 9, no. 11 (2021): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111482.
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The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal complaints and potential risk factors among Romanian surgeons. Ninety-five surgeons of different specialties (62.11% males) completed a questionnaire about work-related musculoskeletal complaints (WMSCs). Ninety-one surgeons (95.78%) experienced WMSCs at least in one body part in the last year. Most surgeons reported pain in four body parts (33.68%). The most common WMSCs were reported on the lower back (74.73%), followed by complaints in the neck region (55.79%), shoulder and upper back (46.32%), knee (31.58%), wrist–hand (16.84%), elbow (14.74%), hip (11.58%) and ankle–foot (4.21%). Surgeons rated their pain more severe on upper back, lower back and knees. A higher percentage of male surgeons reported upper back pain (χ2(1) = 5.818, p = 0.015). Significant age differences were found between the reported pain sites (F8,278 = 2.666, p = 0.008); the surgeons reporting wrist–hand pain were younger than those reporting neck, shoulders, elbows, dorsal and lumbar pain. Surgeons with significantly less experience in years reported significantly more WMSCs in wrist–hand, hip and ankle–foot regions compared with those more experienced (p < 0.05). Surgeons are at high risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal complaints, which affects both their professional and personal life. Further studies are needed to identify all risk factors and ergonomic strategies to reduce the prevalence and the negative impact of WMSCs.
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Nawawi, R., Baba Md Deros, Dian Darina Indah Daruis, A. Ramli, and R. Md Zein. "A Pilot Study on Work-Related Neck-Shoulder Pain among Sewing Machine Operators." Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (December 2013): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.167.
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Prevalence of neck-shoulder pain among sewing machine operators is well known. It may be due to the nature and incorrect posture used by sewing machine operators while performing sewing work. However, up till now there is no empirical evidence that can be used to relate the risk factors that would results towards the development of neck and shoulder pain among sewing machine operators. The main objective of this study is to identify and investigate the risk factors that result in neck and shoulder pain among Malaysian sewing machine operators. Twenty female sewing machine operators took part in answering a survey questionnaire to investigate the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain among sewing machine operators. The survey questionnaire was divided into five sections: socio-demographic, work background, workload information, physical exposures and physical musculoskeletal symptoms experienced by workers. Having done that, sewing machine operators who have been screened with neck and/or shoulder pain was evaluated with Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) to determine the level of workplace risk factors. Subjects without neck and/or shoulder pain were excluded. Results of the study shows that all sewing operators were expose to risk of prolonged sitting, repetitive task and working at high speed. Ninety five percent of sewing machine operators had experienced neck and/or shoulder pain and 80% of them were exposed to high work risk factors that require them to undergo further investigation. Shoulder pain was found to be strongly correlated with high work risk factor among sewing machine operators (p<0.05). In conclusion, occurrence of shoulder pain among sewing operators is due to posture and nature of sewing work.
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Mujiono, Mujiono, Ari Udijono, Lu'luil Ma'rifati, and Faikha Dhista Rahmaningrum. "Description of Work Related Neck Pain Among Employees in State Electricity Company (PLN Indonesia)." Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jphtcr.v6i1.16819.
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Introduction: The use of electronic devices without proper usage techniques can result in a variety of health problems, including neck pain. This study aimed to describe neck pain problems among office workers who use electronic devices.Method: This study was quantitative research in which descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional methods were used. This study was conducted from July to December 2022 at the State Electricity Company at Semarang office, Indonesia. Total of 57 participants were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. A Google Form-based questionnaire was designed to collect the study data. Univariate analysis and cross-tabulation table were used.Result: Total of 60% of participants reported experiencing neck pain. The proportion of neck pain was higher among men and among older age (<35 years old). A more significant proportion of participants who reported neck pain were those who used their devices for ≥ four hours (94.4%) compared to users for < 4 hours. In addition, people with more than five years of employment length were more likely to report neck pain (75%) compared to employment with <5 years.Conclusion: This research concluded that work-related neck pain in the State Electricity company was due to improper use of electronic devices.
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Kamayoga, I. Dewa Gede Alit, A. A. I. Ayesa Febrinia Adyasputri, I. Putu Yudi Pramana Putra, M. Widnyana, and Anak Agung Gede Eka Septian Utama. "The Efficacy of Deep Cervical Flexor Training with Feedback Reducing Pain and Disability in Individuals with Work-Related Neck Pain." Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51559/ptji.v2i2.35.
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Introduction: The most common trouble when doing task is work related neck pain. Neck pain can have negative effect on workers related to the resulting work productivity. To conquer this, there is deep cervical flexor training with feedback training to solve that problems. This study aims to find out whether deep cervical flexor training with feedback is powerful in reducing pain and disability the work-related neck pain.
 Methods: This study using a literature review by conducting data studies related to deep cervical flexor training with feedback, neck pain, and working. The initial search in 4 databases found a total of 36 articles. After the selection using inclusion and exclusion criteria obtained 28 articles.
 Results: Based on some literature, it shows that deep cervical flexor training with feedback aims to activate the deep cervical flexor muscle effectively in reducing pain through the release of endorphins and decreasing pain and changes in muscle function have an effect on reducing disability in work related neck pain.
 Conclusion: Providing deep cervical flexor training with feedback is powerful in decreasing the level of pain and disability in work-related neck pain.
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Somthankar, Salil, and Dr Leena Zore. "Assessment of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Pain and Work Posture Using REBA in Watchmakers." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 7, no. 2 (2022): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20220464.
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Background: A watchmaker uses his skills in repairing a watch. They identify the problem correctly and rectify it using appropriate tools. A large number of watchmakers work in sitting positions for long periods of time. Due to this, several musculoskeletal problems like pain, awkward postures develop. Objective: To assess work related musculoskeletal pain using Nordic Pain Questionnaire. To assess work related posture using REBA. Method: n=50 subjects were included in the study. The REBA scale was used to assess the work posture and the Nordic pain questionnaire was used to find the involvement of musculoskeletal system. Results: From the study it was revealed that shoulders (29%) and neck (27%) were the most commonly involved structures and 80% population was under medium risk of having musculoskeletal disorders. Conclusion: From the study it can be concluded that, majority of the watchmakers fall under medium risk category in REBA (80%). Abnormal work posture has a negative effect on the body with shoulder (29%) and neck (27%) being the most commonly affected parts. Keywords: Watchmakers, Work Posture, Musculoskeletal disorders.
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Canaba, Harry S. "Work-related musculoskeletal pain among work-from-home employees of a medical billing company." SDCA Journal of Physical Therapy 2 (June 30, 2021): 16–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8254314.
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The emergence of the global pandemic novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has greatly changed the ways on how people live their lives from the usual and has significantly challenged every nation to deal with the economic struggle. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are musculoskeletal system abnormalities that are predominantly brought on by the execution of work tasks and the immediate work environment (Govaerts et al., 2021). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain in various anatomical areas and its association with individual, work area and ergonomic, and work spending hours among work-from-home medical billers. The questionnaire that was designed by the author is a web-based, self-reporting survey that was sent to all respondents by email and uses the convenience sampling method. The study has a response rate of 54.48% which was participated by thirty-four (34) respondents out of the sixty-four (64) work from home (WFH) employees in a medical billing company. The respondents are composed of 10 males (29.4%) and 24 females (70.6%) between the ages of 18 and 45 years, having both genders with a mean age of 31 who had been working from home for the last three months to one year before they joined the study. The results found that 72.6% of the participants experienced work-related musculoskeletal pain (WRMSP). It also showed that the highest percentage of pain experienced was the low back area, followed by the neck and shoulder and lastly by the upper back suggesting that these are the most prevalent sites. The data identified that 47% of the respondents that use a standard chair without armrest (40%) and no foot rest (68%) are prevalent with low back and neck pain areas. The results suggested that 82% of the participants experienced low back pain as the primary work related musculoskeletal pain in the last 12 months and this results to poor workplace ergonomics, long working hours in front of the computers and minimal to nonphysical activities and sedentary lifestyles.
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Mączka, Katarzyna, Antonina Kaczorowska, and Agata Mroczek. "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among upholsterers in Poland." Medical Science Pulse 18, no. 2 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.7311.
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Background: The number of individuals with work-related musculoskeletal disorders is increasing in Poland. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate pain symptoms among upholsterers and to compare these ailments with a group of employees who do not perform physical work, as well as to examine the associations between pain intensity and frequency with age, length of employment, and somatic characteristics in both research groups.Materials and methods: Ninety-four men were examined, including 50 upholsterers and 44 non-physical workers, who were the control group. Pain location was assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, pain intensity lower back was measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the frequency of lower back pain was determined using the Jackson-Moskowitz Scale. Participants also provided information regarding their age, length of employment, and education. Body mass and height were measured.Results: Among the study participants, 94% of the upholsterers and 73% of the control group experienced pain in at least one area of the body. The largest percentage of the study participants from both groups reported pain in the lower back. Upholsterers experienced pain in their elbow joints and hands/wrists significantly more often than control group. The control group experienced pain in the upper back, neck, and hip joints significantly more often than upholsters. Significant positive correlations were found between age, length of employment, and the results of the VAS and Jackson-Moskowitz Scale in both groups.Conclusions: The locations of pain complaints in the group of upholsterers and in the group of employees who do not perform physical work differ. In both groups, lower back pain predominates. Working as an upholsterer promotes pain in the elbow joints, and wrists/hands. Performing mental and mixed work is associated with neck, upper back and hips/thighs pain. Future studies should aim to assess the prevalence and analyze the risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
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Al-Rawi, Natheer H., Hiba El Khatib, Lin Rajoub, et al. "Work-related Musculoskeletal Pain among Different Dental Specialists in United Arab Emirates." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, no. 8 (2016): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1904.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Dentists are at a very high risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal pain. The present study aimed at studying the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among different dental specialists in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and correlating the region of pain with the type of clinical work done by the specialists. Materials and methods A sample of more than 100 dentists was chosen randomly from different emirates in UAE. An interview questionnaire was administered regarding the number of years of experience and the presence, region, duration, and type of musculoskeletal pain they experienced. Results Musculoskeletal pain is experienced by 83.3% of periodontists, 80% of conservative dentists, 77.8% of endodontists, 72.7% of orthodontists, 70% of oral surgeons, 63.6% of prosthodontists, 63% of general dental practitioners, and 50% of pedodontists. The results have also indicated that the region of experienced musculoskeletal pain does vary according to the specialty. From those dentists who experience work-related musculoskeletal pain, 80% of conservative dentists experience pain in neck and shoulders, 66.7% of periodontists, and 54.5% of orthodontists experience pain in the lower back region. More than 50% of endodontists experience pain in the neck and shoulders regions, and 39% of general dental practitioners who experience pain in the neck region. Conclusion Preventive measures need to be taken to decrease the risk of dentists and dental specialists developing workrelated musculoskeletal pain. Clinical significance The prevalence and distribution of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among registered general dental practitioners and dental specialists in UAE was not clearly documented. The study results indicated that the region that experienced musculoskeletal pain does vary according to the specialty. How to cite this article Al-Rawi NH, El Khatib H, Rajoub L, El-Sayed M, Naji R, Youssef R, Al Kawas S. Work-related Musculoskeletal Pain among Different Dental Specialists in United Arab Emirates. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(8): 639-644.
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Kamwendo K, Linton SJ. "Neck and shoulder disorders in medical secretaries. Part I. Pain prevalence and risk factors." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 23, no. 3 (1991): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/165019931991127133.
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420 medical secretaries took part in a cross-sectional study at examining the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders as well as the relationship between neck and shoulder pain and possible risk factors. Sixty-three percent had experienced neck pain sometime during the previous year and while 15% had suffered almost constant pain 32% had experienced neck pain only occasionally. Shoulder pain during the previous year had been experienced by 62%, 17% had suffered almost constant pain while 29% experienced pain only occasionally. Fifty-one percent had experienced low back pain. Age and length of employment were significantly related to neck and shoulder pain. Furthermore, working with office machines 5 hours or more per day was associated with a significantly increased risk for neck pain (OR 1.7), shoulder pain (OR 1.9) and headache (OR 1.8). Finally, a poorly experienced psychosocial work environment was significantly related to headache, neck, shoulder and low back pain. The results of this study suggest that work with office machines as well as the psychosocial work environment are important factors in neck and shoulder pain.
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Kamwendo, K., SJ Linton, and U. Moritz. "Neck and shoulder disorders in medical secretaries. Part I. Pain prevalence and risk factors." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 23, no. 3 (2020): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/165019779123127133.
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420 medical secretaries took part in a cross-sectional study at examining the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders as well as the relationship between neck and shoulder pain and possible risk factors. Sixty-three percent had experienced neck pain sometime during the previous year and while 15% had suffered almost constant pain 32% had experienced neck pain only occasionally. Shoulder pain during the previous year had been experienced by 62%, 17% had suffered almost constant pain while 29% experienced pain only occasionally. Fifty-one percent had experienced low back pain. Age and length of employment were significantly related to neck and shoulder pain. Furthermore, working with office machines 5 hours or more per day was associated with a significantly increased risk for neck pain (OR 1.7), shoulder pain (OR 1.9) and headache (OR 1.8). Finally, a poorly experienced psychosocial work environment was significantly related to headache, neck, shoulder and low back pain. The results of this study suggest that work with office machines as well as the psychosocial work environment are important factors in neck and shoulder pain
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Krishnan, K. Saraswathi, Gunasunderi Raju, and Omar Shawkataly. "Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Psychological and Physical Risk Factors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 9361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179361.
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Purpose—This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of MSD pain in various anatomical regions among nurses. Method—A cross-sectional study involving a self-administered questionnaire by registered nurses with clinical experience. Data was collected using convenience sampling after obtaining informed consent. The results were drawn from a total of 300 nurses. Results—The nurses presented with occasional mental exhaustion (44.3%) and often physical exhaustion (44.0%). Almost all (97.3%) the nurses complained of having work-related pain during the last 12 months. Body parts with the most pain were the lower back (86.7%), ankles (86.7%), neck (86.0%), shoulders (85.0%), lower legs (84.7%) and upper back (84.3%). The pain frequency was rated as occasional pain for the neck and upper back, pain was often felt for the rest of the parts. Nurses complained of severe pain in the lower back (19.7%), right shoulder (29.7%) and left shoulder (30.3%). The frequency of having musculoskeletal symptoms in any body region was increased with age, lower education level, female gender, high BMI, job tenure and lifestyle. Conclusions—Nurses’ WRMSD complaints should be taken seriously to curb further risk and musculoskeletal hazards.
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Rahmani, Nahid, Mohsen Amiri, Mohammad Ali Mohseni-Bandpei, Holakoo Mohsenifar, and Mohammad Reza Pourahmadi. "Work related neck pain in Iranian dentists: An epidemiological study." Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 26, no. 1 (2013): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bmr-2012-0343.
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Kumareswaran, Suriya, Siti Umairah Muhadi, Sathiya Kumaran Vijaya Retnam, Jeyanthini Sathasivam, and Bala Murali Sundram. "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dental staff in south Malaysia." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 12, no. 4 (2023): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v12i4.23406.
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The dental industry poses ergonomic health concerns, leading to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among staff. This study aims to assess MSD incidence and related sociodemographic and occupational hazard factors among dental practitioners in Johor, Malaysia. A cross-sectional investigation in December 2022 included 382 dental officers from government and commercial sectors. Participants comprised 79.2% females, 72.3% Malays, 97.4% non-smokers, and 92.4% working in dental clinics. MSD was most prevalent in the neck, shoulder, and lower back regions. Logistic regression revealed higher neck pain probability among smokers and a positive association between back pain and standing while working. Poisson regression indicated an inverse relationship between exercise frequency and MSD pain occurrence. Regular physical activity correlated with lower body mass index (BMI) and reduced MSD pain. The study underscores the importance of ergonomic interventions and promoting exercise to prevent MSD and enhance the well-being of dental staff in Johor, Malaysia. Understanding the factors contributing to MSD among dental practitioners is crucial for implementing effective preventive measures and improving overall occupational health in the dental industry.
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Suriya, Kumareswaran, Umairah Muhadi Siti, Kumaran Vijaya Retnam Sathiya, Sathasivam Jeyanthini, and Murali Sundram Bala. "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dental staff in south Malaysia." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 12, no. 4 (2023): 1532–40. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v12i4.23406.
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The dental industry poses ergonomic health concerns, leading to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among staff. This study aims to assess MSD incidence and related sociodemographic and occupational hazard factors among dental practitioners in Johor, Malaysia. A cross-sectional investigation in December 2022 included 382 dental officers from government and commercial sectors. Participants comprised 79.2% females, 72.3% Malays, 97.4% non-smokers, and 92.4% working in dental clinics. MSD was most prevalent in the neck, shoulder, and lower back regions. Logistic regression revealed higher neck pain probability among smokers and a positive association between back pain and standing while working. Poisson regression indicated an inverse relationship between exercise frequency and MSD pain occurrence. Regular physical activity correlated with lower body mass index (BMI) and reduced MSD pain. The study underscores the importance of ergonomic interventions and promoting exercise to prevent MSD and enhance the well-being of dental staff in Johor, Malaysia. Understanding the factors contributing to MSD among dental practitioners is crucial for implementing effective preventive measures and improving overall occupational health in the dental industry.
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Nayab Ali Khan, Aziza Alam, Ismail Alam Khan, Omar Rehim Khan, Salahuddin Zeb Khan, and Aimeen Zeb Khan. "WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL NECK PAIN: A NEGLECTED OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE AMONG DENTISTS IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN." Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 11, no. 04 (2021): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v11i04.109.
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Objective:To determine the frequency and risk factors of work-related neck pain among dentists working in Public sector Hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Khyber College of Density, Lady Reading Hospital and Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan from 23rd September 2018 to23rd February 2019. A total of 150 dentists who were working in public sector hospitals and were willing to participate were included in the study by convenience sampling. The Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) was used for data collection. Data was analyzed with SPSS, version 23.Results:The total number of participants in our study were 150. Males were 105(70%) and females were 45(30%).The mean age was 31.4200± 6.1 years. Majority(72.7%,n=109) of dentists were reported to have work related musculoskeletal pain while 41(27.3%) dentists had no such complaints. The commonly affected dentists were trainee medical officers(61.3%,n=92).The frequency of neck pain was more common among dentists who examined more than 15 patients per day(49.3%,74%) and worked 6 days per week(64%,n=96).Dentists performing root canal treatment(70.7%,n=106) were more prone to have neck pain than others.Conclusion:The frequency of musculoskeletal neck pain among the dentists was high. The risk factors were prolong working hours, examining more patients and prolong dental procedures.
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Hossain, Sayed Imran, Md Omar Sharif Ahmmed Chowdhury, Sumaiya Nasrin, Most Rumpa Khatun, and Shohal Hossain. "Prevalence of neck pain and associated risk factors among the private sector office employees in Bangladesh." Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 7, no. 2 (2024): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ph9.0000000000000034.
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Background: Globally, most people face several musculoskeletal problems, especially neck pain. Activities, work styles, and living standards of office employees in Bangladesh vary from place to place. Hence, our aim is to investigate the prevalence of neck pain and related risk factors in Bangladeshi private sector employees. Methodology: A sample was selected to assess neck pain prevalence and related risk factors among 384 private sector employees aged 21–60 years in Bangladesh. Regression analysis was performed on their socio-economic, neck pain, and associated risk factors information through interviews with questionnaires. Results: Data analysis shows that office employees have a relatively higher prevalence rate of cervical pain and it is 34.7%. In this study, we found the results of a logistic regression model to predict factors associated with neck pain. The results of this study indicated that individuals aged 40 years and above, with an OR of 6.148 (P = 0.046) and neck holding the forward bent posture for a prolonged time, were slightly significant to have neck pain (P<0.001). Conclusions: The neck pain prevalence was high among private sector office workers in Bangladesh and some associated neck pain factors were found in this study. The results of our investigation indicated that individuals with higher age, and neck holding position were slightly significant to have neck pain. These research findings also suggest scope for work strategies that can promote a positive work environment, such as short breaks at work and an ergonomic setting.
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ATASEVEN TUĞRAN, Selcan, and Aysegul SAVCİ. "Work-Related Ergonomıc Rısks and Musculoskeletal Problems in Operating Room Nurses." Turkish Journal of Health Science and Life 6, no. 3 (2023): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.56150/tjhsl.1315755.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate on the work-related ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal problems operating room nurses. 
 Methods: This study was a descriptive study.The study was conducted on operating room nurses from 3 state, 1 pivate and 1 university hospital in Turkey (N= 92). Data were collected to Descriptive form , The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Neck Disability Indeks (NDI) and Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). The study conducted from March to October 2019.
 Results: The mean age of nurses was 34.99±8.31 years and it was found that nurses had lumbar (76.1%), back (64.1%) and neck (59.8%) pain. It was determined that 75.2% of the nurses have a very high risk in terms of ergonomics. It was found that there is a statistically significant negative relationship between age and work posture of nurses. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between disability caused by low back and neck pain and exercise statu. There was a statistically significant difference between weekly and daily standing hours and disability due to neck pain . A strong positive correlation was found between the mean ODI scores and NDI scores. A weak negative correlation was found between the mean NDI scores and REBA scores.
 Conclusion: It was determined that the majority of operating room nurses experience musculoskeletal disorders. It was found that the work-related ergonomic risks of the operating room nurses and the issue requires urgent measures.
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Javeid, Dr Ammar, Dr Ayesha Sadiq, Dr Amnah Alam, Dr Iqra Hameed, Dr Amna Pervaiz, and Dr Rabia Shaheen. "Incidence of Work-Related Cervical Pain Disorder on Neck Disability Index- Hairdresser Population Based Cross-Sectional Study." European Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 1 (2023): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejhs.1471.
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Purpose: The most frequent issue among workers who perform repetitive upper extremity activity in their line of work is neck pain. Hairdressers who cut hair frequently use their shoulders in their picking and holding of the scissors. The muscles, ligaments, and soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system are put under more strain by this repetitive activity. Consequently, the objective of the current study is to ascertain, how prevalent neck pain is among hairdressers. The study’s objective is to determine the frequency of neck pain in hairdressers of Multan.
 Methodology: Cross-sectional study design was employed in this investigation. Information was gathered from Multan hairdressers. The technique of simple random sampling was used to gather the data from hairdressers. A total of 100 hair stylists were included in the study. Workers between the ages of 20 and 40 who have been employed for more than six months without a neck injury, trauma, or neurological or musculoskeletal problem were included. Participants were given questionnaires, and the answers were recorded. Data was manually coded, entered, and analysed using SPSS version 21. Results were described using frequency distributions, percentages, means, and standard deviations.
 Findings: Non Parametric Test was used to analyze data. In this study, only 44% of hairdressers reported having neck pain, while the rest reported mild, moderate, or no pain. The study demonstrates that hairdressers between the ages of 31 and 40 with more than five years of experience in their field frequently experience neck pain, which may be brought on by repetitive shoulder motion and poor posture at the workplace.
 Recommendations: The results of this study showed that hairdressers in Multan frequently experience neck pain. Physiotherapy campaigns should be conducted to raise awareness among hairdressers. It is suggested to use a random sampling technique instead of convenience sampling in future research to enhance the generalizability of the findings. Considering that the study had a short duration, it is advisable to allocate a longer time frame for conducting future studies to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic.
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Salsabila Fachraini Ritonga and Dimas Sondang Irawan. "Pentingnya Peran Edukasi dan Sosialisasi Fisioterapi dalam Pencegahan Gangguan Neck Pain pada Pekerja Konveksi Baju di CV. Defix Unggul Jaya Kota Malang." Aksi Nyata : Jurnal Pengabdian Sosial dan Kemanusiaan 2, no. 2 (2025): 81–90. https://doi.org/10.62383/aksinyata.v2i2.1339.
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The textile industry, especially clothing, is never-ending, because clothing is one of the primary needs, so that production services for ready-made clothing or the clothing convection industry continue to grow rapidly. One of the companies in the clothing convection industry in Malang City is CV. Defix Unggul Jaya. The clothing convection industry often shows intensive and repetitive work patterns. This can result in excessive workloads on workers, causing work-related diseases. Each stage of work in the clothing convection industry can cause risks related to work postures such as neck pain complaints. The incidence of neck pain complaints in workers reaches 6-67%. So the role of physiotherapy becomes very important, where the form of physiotherapy services not only provides treatment, but can provide services in the form of preventing neck pain disorders through socialization activities. The purpose of this socialization activity is to see the importance of the role of physiotherapy education in understanding the prevention of neck pain in CV. Defix Unggul Jaya, Malang City convection workers. The method used is education through socialization related to neck pain complaints using leaflets as a promotional media for the mat and using pre-test and post-test to determine the level of workers' understanding of neck pain complaints. The results obtained show an increase in the understanding of convection workers regarding the prevention and proper handling of neck pain.
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Mahmutovic, Elvis, Emir Bisevac, and Zana Dolicanin. "Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of Teaching Staff in Higher Education." Experimental and Applied Biomedical Research (EABR) 24, no. 1 (2023): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjecr-2020-0022.
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Abstract Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence of the musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) for the teachers in higher education. Examinees and methods: 100 teachers (66% men and 34% women with average age of 38.8 ± 13.1) were included in the prospective study. The information about the state of the teachers’ musculoskeletal system was gathered using a questionnaire for the MSD analysis. Potential risk factors for MSD were analyzed. MSD was observed in 74 (74%) teachers and associates (68.9% male and 31.1% female, p˂0.05). 32% Teachers had pain within the first five years of teaching work, while the rest of MSD occurred after that period. 73% of teachers were diagnosed with rigor in the lower back, 62% were diagnosed with neck pain, 45.9% were diagnosed with upper back pain, while 27% had pain in their ankles/feet. Lower pain prevalence was noticed in wrist, hands, hips and elbows. The prevalence of the musculoskeletal disorders for teachers is 74% and it is higher for men than for women. MSD, whose samples are multifactorial, are the most common in the lower back, neck, upper back and shoulders. Ergonomics and ergonomic education are the primary factors in the prevalence and treatment of MSD.
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Grooten, Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas, Marie Mulder, and Christina Wiktorin. "The effect of ergonomic intervention on neck/shoulder and low back pain." WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation 28, no. 4 (2007): 313–23. https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2007-00623.
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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of two types of ergonomic intervention on pain and pain-related disability in the neck/shoulder and low back regions. A cohort of 492 subjects of various occupations with non-specific neck/shoulder or low back pain was followed over a five to six year period. The study subjects were classified into four intervention groups: no ergonomic intervention, educational worksite intervention, workplace intervention, and combined workplace and educational worksite intervention. The group with no ergonomic intervention was used as the reference group. The changes in pain intensity and pain-related disability from baseline to follow-up in each of the three groups with intervention were compared to the changes in the reference group. During the follow-up, 39% of the subjects had received ergonomic intervention. The average change in pain intensity and pain-related disability was smaller in the educational worksite intervention group than in the reference group. The average reduction of pain intensity and pain-related disability did not differ between the two other intervention groups and the reference group. Thus, for subjects still at work, ergonomic intervention seemed to be ineffective for reducing neck/shoulder and low back pain and pain-related disability.
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Akodu, Ashiyat Kehinde, Adegoke Akinfeleye, Latifat Abolore Atanda, and Suleiman Olayiwola Giwa. "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity with reference to working posture of secretaries." South African Journal of Occupational Therapy 45, no. 3 (2015): 16–22. https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2015/v45n3a4.
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Introduction: This study investigated the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) of the upper extremity and low back among secretaries in a state public service and their associations with working posture.Methodology: A cross sectional survey was carried out among 150 secretaries randomly selected within the Lagos State Civil Service Secretariat, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria, by using a 52-item questionnaire which captured information on work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Working posture was assessed by measuring the variation in craniovertebral angle (CVA) and using Rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) scores of participants.Results: The prevalence of WMSDs of low back, neck, shoulder and hand of the participants in this study was observed to be 71.3%, 59.3%, 48.0% and 28.0% respectively. The results of this study showed a significant difference in CVA and the RULA scores (p = 0.02), between participants with neck pain and those without neck pain, hand pain and those without hand pain(p = 0.003), low back pain and those without low back pain(p = 0.004).Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of upper extremity and low back musculoskeletal disorders among secretaries in Lagos State Civil Service Secretariat, Ikeja, Lagos  Nigeria. Neither CVA nor RULA scores were associated with shoulder pain.Keywords: Occupational Health, Cranio vertebral angle, Rapid upper limb assessment, Musculoskeletal discomfort.
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Tang, Le, Yong-Hui Zhang, Shu-Hao Du, and Xue-Qiang Wang. "Prevalence and related factors for neck pain in military personnel: a systematic review." EFORT Open Reviews 9, no. 8 (2024): 806–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eor-23-0150.
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Purpose In the military, neck pain is second to low back pain among musculoskeletal disorders. However, the prevalence and related factors of neck pain in military personnel have not been systematically investigated, which may lead to the lack of neck pain prevention and the generation of additional medical expenses, posing challenges to medical care. This review aimed to obtain the prevalence and related factors for neck pain in military personnel in an attempt to provide directions for prevention and intervention. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases in December 2021. Two researchers independently screened studies according to eligibility criteria and assessed study quality. Results We screened titles and abstracts of 503 articles, and 17 articles met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen articles received moderate to high-quality evaluations. Neck pain is common in the military, with 1-year prevalence as high as 83% and lifetime prevalence as high as 78%. Old age (OR = 5.0), poor neck mobility (OR = 3.61), shoulder pain (OR = 4.9), low back pain (OR = 2.3), high-G pilots (OR = 1.6), longer flight time (OR = 2.53), type of aircraft (OR = 3.93), and use of helmets and night vision systems (OR = 1.9) may be associated with the prevalence of neck pain. Conclusion Neck pain is highly prevalent in military personnel and exhibits a substantial lifetime prevalence rate. The high prevalence rate of neck pain in the military is related to many individual-related factors and work-related factors. The in-depth assessment and prevention of specific factors is an important direction of future research.
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Tangkudung, Yesika Merzy Indah, Windy Mariane Virenia Wariki, and Diana Vanda Daturara Doda. "Analysis of Ergonomic Risk Factors Related to Low Back Pain and Tension Neck Syndrome Complaints in Nurses at Maria Walanda Maramis Regional General Hospital, North Minahasa Regency." Asian Journal of Social and Humanities 3, no. 9 (2025): 1572–86. https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v3i9.556.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze ergonomic risk factors for complaints of Low Back Pain and Tension Neck Syndrome in nurses at Maria Walanda Maramis Regional General Hospital, North Minahasa Regency. This study is a quantitative study with an observational analytical type of research using a cross-sectional study design. This study was conducted at the Maria Walanda Maramis Regional General Hospital, North Minahasa Regency, in February-March 2025. The respondents in this study were 130 respondents. The Independent Variables in this study were age, gender, Body Mass Index, work posture, workload and psychosocial. The Dependent Variables in this study were complaints of Low Back Pain and Tension Neck Syndrome. Data analysis was conducted using univariate analysis that explains the frequency distribution of research variables, bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test and multivariate analysis using the Multiple Logistic Regression test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between age and Low Back Pain (p = 0.031), gender and Low Back Pain (p = 0.015), Body Mass Index and Low Back Pain (p = 0.000), work posture and Low Back Pain (p = 0.000), workload and Low Back Pain (p = 0.015), and psychosocial and Low Back Pain (p = 0.000). There is a relationship between age and Tension Neck Syndrome (p=0.039), gender and Tension Neck Syndrome (p=0.018), Body Mass Index and Tension Neck Syndrome (p=0.000), work posture and Tension Neck Syndrome (p=0.000), workload and Tension Neck Syndrome (p=0.032), psychosocial and Tension Neck Syndrome (p=0.000). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant work posture variable among all variables with an Exp(B) value of 13.912, meaning that respondents with poor work posture are 13.9 times more at risk of experiencing Low Back Pain. And the psychosocial variable is the most dominant variable with an Exp(B) value of 6.267, meaning that respondents with poor psychosocial are 6.2 times more at risk of experiencing Tension Neck Syndrome. The conclusion of this study is that age, gender, Body Mass Index, work posture, workload and psychosocial are related to complaints of Low Back Pain and Tension Neck Syndrome. Furthermore, the dominant variable influencing Low Back Pain is work posture and the dominant variable influencing Tension Neck Syndrome is psychosocial.
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Aarthi Muthukumar, Karthik Ganesh Mohanraj, and Hima Sandeep A. "Association of work related risk factors on the development of the neck and upper extremity pain among adult and middle aged population - A survey based analysis." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (2020): 588–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.2988.
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The aim of the study is to create awareness about neck and upper extremity pain caused by work related risk factors. Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) are defined as injuries or disorders of musculoskeletal tissues associated with workplace related risk factors. Work related musculoskeletal disorders are also known as cumulative trauma disorders, repetitive strain injuries or overuse injuries. Work related musculoskeletal disorders of the neck are more common among people who spend a great deal of time using computers. Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common causes of long term sick leave and disability pension in several industrial countries. A questionnaire was created with a set of 19 questions related to their type of occupation, amount of stress, any musculoskeletal disorders due to stress, and about the awareness of musculoskeletal disorders. 100 random participants of adults and middle aged population were selected for the study. Random sampling method was done. The participants were asked to fill the questionnaire in an online site using Google forms. The results were collected and statistically analyzed. 22% of the participants have heavy work stress and 36% have moderate amount of work stress. 12% of the participants experience neck or upper extremity pain very often which is followed by 24% experiencing it often. 63% of the respondents agree with the fact that a small walk every 40 minutes between work will reduce work related neck or upper extremity pain. This survey aims in creating awareness among people about work related risk factors on the development of neck and upper extremity pain in the adult and middle aged population.
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Madeleine, P., B. Lundager, M. Voigt, and L. Arendt-Nielsen. "Sensory manifestations in experimental and work-related chronic neck-shoulder pain." European Journal of Pain 2, no. 3 (1998): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1090-3801(98)90021-0.
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de Lavor, Joaquim Martins, Ana Karolina Almeida Pina, Camila Alves de Brito, et al. "Objective Measures of Work and Non-Work Physical Behaviors Associated with Neck and Back Pain in Viticulture Workers." Applied Sciences 14, no. 21 (2024): 9637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14219637.
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Musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent among agricultural workers, increasing the risk of work-related diseases due to manual labor, repetitive tasks, and prolonged postures. This study evaluates the association between physical behaviors during work and non-work, measured objectively, and musculoskeletal pain in the neck, upper back, and lower back in viticulture workers. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with 75 viticulturists of both sexes aged 18 years or older. An accelerometer measured physical behaviors (lying down, sitting, standing, moving, walking, and sleeping) during work and non-work periods. Pain intensity was quantified using a 0–10 scale and categorized as “Low” and “High” pain intensity. Binary logistic regression tested the association between pain and time spent on physical behaviors. Results indicated a high prevalence of pain: 46.7% cervical, 52% upper back, and 60% lower back. Standing was the most common behavior during work, while lying and sitting were predominant during non-work. An increased sleeping time was associated with a decreased probability of experiencing high-intensity neck pain. Increased time spent lying down during non-work hours was associated with an increased probability of experiencing high-intensity upper back pain. No physical behavior was associated with high-intensity lower back pain. In conclusion, sedentary behaviors worsen upper back pain, and sleep reduces neck pain in viticulture workers.
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Grant, K. M. K., T. Vo, and L. U. Tiong. "The painful truth: work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Australian surgeons." Occupational Medicine 70, no. 1 (2019): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqz155.
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Abstract Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMD) is a collective term for preventable work-related disorders that cause musculoskeletal symptoms. The growing prevalence of these disorders amongst surgeons has been labelled an ‘impending epidemic’ and currently there is a lack of awareness and no existing intervention programme. Aims To estimate prevalence and identify risk factors for developing work related neck, shoulder and upper back pain in surgeons. Methods Cross-sectional questionnaire survey of surgeons and surgical trainees across Australia. We collected data on demographics, nature of regular operative work, hours working/operating per week, and prevalence and severity of musculoskeletal disorders based on the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire [1]. We assessed associations between categorical predictors and pain over 7 days and 12 months using Pearson’s chi-square test. We assessed associations involving continuous variables using Student’s t-test. Tests were two-tailed and assessed at the 5% alpha level. Results From ~2058 recipients, 329 (16%) responded; 137 (42%) surgeons reported shoulder, neck or upper back pain in a 7-day period, 245 (75%) reported pain and 101 (31%) had pain preventing normal work in a 12-month period. Significant predictors of increased prevalence included female sex (P &lt; 0.001), decreasing age (P &lt; 0.01) and fewer years working (P &lt; 0.01). Body mass index (BMI) and mode of practise did not significantly affect prevalence of WRMDs. Conclusions The prevalence of WRMDs amongst surgeons is high, females and younger surgeons reporting increased rates. There is a need to build awareness and educate surgical trainees about WRMDs.
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Al-Mohrej, Omar A., Amani K. Elshaer, Sahar S. Al-Dakhil, et al. "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Saudi orthopedic surgeons: a cross-sectional study." Bone & Joint Open 1, no. 4 (2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.14.bjo-2020-0005.
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Introduction Studies have addressed the issue of increasing prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) pain among different occupations. However, contributing factors to MSK pain have not been fully investigated among orthopaedic surgeons. Thus, this study aimed to approximate the prevalence and predictors of MSK pain among Saudi orthopaedic surgeons working in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study using an electronic survey was conducted in Riyadh. The questionnaire was distributed through email among orthopaedic surgeons in Riyadh hospitals. Standardized Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms were used. Descriptive measures for categorical and numerical variables were presented. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s χ2 test were used. The level of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results The response rate was 80.3%, with a total number of 179 of Saudi orthopaedic surgeons (173 males and six females). Of our sample, 67.0% of the respondents complained of having MSK pain. The most commonly reported MSK pain was lower back (74.0%), followed by neck (58.2%). Age and body mass index were implicated in the development of more than one type of MSK pain. Increased years of experience (≥ 6 years) was linked to shoulder/elbow, lower back, and hip/thigh pain. Smoking is widely associated with lower back pain development, whereas physicians who do not smoke and exercise regularly reported fewer pain incidences. Excessive bending and twisting during daily practice have been correlated with increased neck pain. Conclusion MSK pain was found to be common among Saudi orthopaedic surgeons. Further extensive research should be conducted to understand and analyze the risk factors involved and search for possible improvements to avoid further complications. However, ergonomics education during surgical training could be effective at modifying behaviors and reducing MSK pain manifestations.
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Al-Mohrej, Omar A., Amani K. Elshaer, Sahar S. Al-Dakhil, et al. "Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Saudi orthopedic surgeons: a cross-sectional study." Bone & Joint Open 1, no. 4 (2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.14.bjo-2020-0005.
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Introduction Studies have addressed the issue of increasing prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) pain among different occupations. However, contributing factors to MSK pain have not been fully investigated among orthopaedic surgeons. Thus, this study aimed to approximate the prevalence and predictors of MSK pain among Saudi orthopaedic surgeons working in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study using an electronic survey was conducted in Riyadh. The questionnaire was distributed through email among orthopaedic surgeons in Riyadh hospitals. Standardized Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms were used. Descriptive measures for categorical and numerical variables were presented. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s χ2 test were used. The level of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results The response rate was 80.3%, with a total number of 179 of Saudi orthopaedic surgeons (173 males and six females). Of our sample, 67.0% of the respondents complained of having MSK pain. The most commonly reported MSK pain was lower back (74.0%), followed by neck (58.2%). Age and body mass index were implicated in the development of more than one type of MSK pain. Increased years of experience (≥ 6 years) was linked to shoulder/elbow, lower back, and hip/thigh pain. Smoking is widely associated with lower back pain development, whereas physicians who do not smoke and exercise regularly reported fewer pain incidences. Excessive bending and twisting during daily practice have been correlated with increased neck pain. Conclusion MSK pain was found to be common among Saudi orthopaedic surgeons. Further extensive research should be conducted to understand and analyze the risk factors involved and search for possible improvements to avoid further complications. However, ergonomics education during surgical training could be effective at modifying behaviors and reducing MSK pain manifestations.
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Yadav, Nikita, Leena Zore, and Ajay Kumar Yadav. "Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Cameramen." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 9 (2023): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230918.
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Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among cameramen. They frequently experience physically demanding tasks such as working in uncomfortable postures, engaging in repetitive manual tasks and enduring long working hours. To assess pain sites Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used among a total of 100 cameramen aged between 30-50. 86 of which reported Musculoskeletal pain/ discomfort. Notably, 47 individuals fell within the age group of 30-40 while the remaining 39 belonged to the age group 41-50. The findings concluded high occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the population with the most affected regions being the lower back followed by the shoulder and the neck. Key words: Prevalence, Work-related musculoskeletal disorders, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Cameramen.
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Fredriksson, Kerstin, Carina Bildt, Allan Toomingas, and Lars Alfredsson. "Occupational chronic neck and shoulder pain: Study conducted in Sweden." Occupational Ergonomics 5, no. 2 (2005): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/oer-2005-5201.
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In 1969 a population-based study was conducted in Stockholm. From the 2579 randomly selected participants (age 18–65 in 1969), the youngest subsets were asked to participate in a re-examination in 1993. In 1997 a second follow-up was performed. The aim of the present study was to identify work- and leisure-time-related conditions that contribute to the development of chronic neck/shoulder pain. Variables regarding both physical, psychosocial and lifestyle conditions from the 1993 re-examination were included in the analyses. Women were more likely to developed chronic neck/shoulder pain than men. Among women, poor coping strategies, lack of social support, time pressure at work and work with hands above shoulder level were found to be associated with chronic neck/shoulder pain. No associations were found among men. Signs at a medical examination could only predict chronic pain to a minor extent. The results from this study shows that both work- and leisure-time-related conditions contribute to the development of chronic neck/shoulder pain among middle aged women.
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Koch, Markus, Mikael Forsman, Henrik Enquist, et al. "Frequency of breaks, amount of muscular rest, and sustained muscle activity related to neck pain in a pooled dataset." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0297859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297859.
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Background Neck pain remains a persistent challenge in modern society and is frequently encountered across a wide range of occupations, particularly those involving repetitive and monotonous tasks. It might be expected that patterns of trapezius muscle activity at work, characterized by few breaks and prolonged periods of sustained muscle activity, are linked to neck pain. However, previous cross-sectional studies have generally failed to establish a definitive association. While some longitudinal studies have suggested that extended periods of heightened muscle activity could be a risk factor for neck pain, these findings often relied on limited participant numbers or specific professional groups. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between trapezius muscle activity and neck pain by pooling data from seven Scandinavian research institutes encompassing a diverse range of occupational backgrounds. Methods Electromyographic (EMG) data for the upper trapezius muscle, collected during working hours, were coupled with questionnaire responses pertaining to neck pain, individual characteristics, and potential confounding variables for a total of 731 subjects. Additionally, longitudinal data from 258 subjects were available. The various EMG datasets were consolidated into a standardized format, and efforts were made to harmonize inquiries about neck pain. Regression analyses, adjusting for sex and height, were conducted to explore the associations between muscle activity variables and neck pain. An exposure index was devised to quantify the cumulative neck load experienced during working hours and to differentiate between various occupational categories. Results The cross-sectional data displayed a distinct pattern characterized by positive associations for brief periods of sustained muscle activity (SUMA) and negative associations for prolonged SUMA-periods and neck pain. The longitudinal data exhibited a contrasting trend, although it was not as pronounced as the cross-sectional findings. When employing the exposure index, notable differences in cumulative muscle load emerged among occupational groups, and positive associations with longitudinal neck pain were identified. Discussion The results suggest that individuals with neck pain experience higher cumulative workloads and extended periods of muscle activity over the long term. In the short term, they appear to compensate by taking frequent short breaks, resulting in a lower cumulative workload. Regardless of their occupation, it is crucial to distribute work breaks throughout the workday to ensure that the cumulative load remains manageable.
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Rugbeer, N. "The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in long-distance bus drivers." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 28, no. 2 (2016): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2016/v28i2a1577.
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Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) contribute to poor posture and prolonged stress and strain due to work demands and the environment.Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of WRMSDs in long-distance bus drivers.Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted to determine the prevalence of WRMSDs among male long-distance bus drivers. Eighty-nine participants were selected from a reputable bus company in Pretoria to participate in the study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to determine self-reported WRMSDs.Results: The average age of the participants was 45 years, with a mean height and weight of 1.69 m and 85.4 kg respectively. Participants in the study had a mean body mass index of 29.9 kg.m-2, categorising them as overweight. From the bus drivers who reported WRMSDs due to driving (22%), most of the pain was noted in the upper back (44%), followed by lower back (42%), neck (42%), shoulder (37%), and wrist/hand (31%). A strong, positive association existed between ankle and knee pain using Kendall’s tau-b correlation (τb = .71, p = .0001). A moderate and positive association was further noted between pain in the neck/shoulder (τb = .59, p = .0001) and upper back/shoulder (τb = .59, p = .0001).Conclusion: The greatest proportion of pain was experienced along the axial skeleton in long-distance bus drivers. Upper back pain was the most prevalent of the WRMSDs reported in these drivers.
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Iqbal, Priyanka Rishi, and Siddharth Sen. "Comparison of two different techniques of mobilization in mechanical neck pain with decrease temporomandibular joint mobility." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2020): 7618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.4106.
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Pain in the anatomic region of neck is known as mechanical neck pain which is primarily caused by overuse of a normal anatomical structure, secondary to injury and deformity of anatomical structure. Also, mechanical neck pain can be defined as generalized neck pain provoked by sustained neck postures, neck movement, and pain on palpation of cervical musculature without pathologies. Restrictions of the neck movement occur and forced movement on the neck may worsen the pain. Mechanical neck pain is also known as nonspecific neck pain. It is a common complaint which affects 45-54% of the general population. The incidence of neck pain is higher in women (15%) than men (9%). High prevalence of neck pain was reported in desk job workers. 1-year prevalence of neck pain and work-related neck pain was reported as 43.3% and 28.3%. To compare the effect of Maitland and Mulligan mobilization with myofascial release on mechanical neck pain with decreased temporomandibular joint mobility. Total 45 subjects were selected and divided into three groups by random sampling method. This study concludes that Maitland mobilization and Mulligan mobilization are effective in mechanical neck pain with TMJ disability.
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Bangera, Anukshaya, and Isha Mhetre. "Evaluation of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Pain and Work Posture in Ultrasonologists Working in Mumbai." Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 7, no. 4 (2023): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijhsr.20221004.
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Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) are common occupational problem observed in jobs which involves repetitive motion and assuming awkward positions for prolonged period of time. Ultrasonologists job activities involve holding the transducer head in a proper plane of scanning, one-sided static working position, prolonged pinch gripping of the ultrasound transducer, abduction at the shoulder during transducer placement and insufficient recovery time. Maintaining these awkward postures for a prolonged period of time increases their risk of having work related musculoskeletal disorders. Objective: To assess musculoskeletal pain, work posture and level of risk of injury during the work. Method: A sample of 60 ultrasonologists working in urban area fulfilling the selection criteria were screened for work related musculoskeletal pain using The Short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SFMPQ) and for work posture and level of risk of injury using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Results: Majority of the ultrasonologists complained of upper back pain (27%) followed by low back pain (19%), shoulders (16%), neck (16%), wrist (11%) and knees (11%). 93.3% of the study population fall under medium risk, 3.30% fall under low risk, and 3.30 % fall under high risk of injury related to work.. Conclusion: This study concludes that most of the ultrasonologists had upper back pain and moderate risk of musculoskeletal injuries related to work. Keywords: Rapid Entire Body Assessment, Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders, Short form McGill Questionnaire, ultrasonologist.
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Barraclough, BSc, RMT, Wray, Amanda Baskwill, PhD, RMT, Colin Higgs, PhD, Stacey Neilson, BA(Hons), RMT, and Debbie Wilcox, BEd, RMT. "A Survey of Canadian Massage Therapists Experiences of Work-Related Pain." International Journal of Therapeutic Massage & Bodywork: Research, Education, & Practice 15, no. 3 (2022): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v15i3.717.
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An investigation into the work-related pain (WRP) experienced by Massage Therapists (MTs) in Ontario, Canada was undertaken using voluntary completion of an online questionnaire following broad distribution of requests to take part in this study. Data from respondents were included for analysis if they provided informed consent and were a currently or previously registered MT in the region. With voluntary participation, self-selection respondent bias must be considered in evaluating reported results. Valid questionnaires (n=1103) were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Massage therapists ranged in age from 20 to 73 years, and 85% of respondents were female. The overwhelming majority (85%) of MTs had experienced, or were experiencing, WRP at one or more of five pre-identified, primary locations with the hand/wrist, the most common site (65.5%); followed by the fingers/thumb (60.3%), shoulder (55.0%), lower back (50.1%), and neck (49.2%). Females were significantly more likely to report neck and shoulder pain than males, and were significantly more likely to report WRP at a higher number of body locations, with approximately one in five female MTs reporting WRP at all (5) primary sites. On a 10-point pain-severity scale, females reported significantly higher perceived pain than males. Work-related pain was attributed to the gradual onset of musculoskeletal conditions by 60.3% of respondents, with no other choice of cause being reported by more than 11.1%. There was clear indication of WRP impacting the lives of MTs, with 48% reporting an impact on activities of daily living, 31% reporting a loss of income, 54.6% working in pain, and 30.5% considering changing (or having changed) their profession. Various work adjustments to WRP were reported, including altered biomechanics and greater rest between patient treatments. The reported data suggested that WRP was a limiting factor for MTs’ work capacity.
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Asma Shakoor, Aleshba Saba Khan, Shamima Abdullah, Hira Shafique, Yousaf Jamil, and Aleeza Sana. "FREQUENCY OF DIFFERENT WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG DENTISTS IN PAKISTAN." Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 12, no. 03 (2022): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v12i03.40.
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Objectives: To determine the frequency of diff erent work related musculoskeletal disorders among dentists.Methods and materials: This cross sectional survey was conducted in diff erent public and private sectors dentistry setups using convenient sampling. In this study the data was collected from 450 dental professionals using NORDIC questionnaire and a structured proforma. Dentist with any history of fractures and surgery were excluded from the study. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 25. Chi-square test was used for testing the association between musculoskeletal disorder and diff erent study variable. P-value of 0.05 and less has been considered as significantResults: Among 450 dentists 236(52.4%) were male and 214(47.6%) were female. Mena age of male were 37.08±9.27 whereas mean age of female was33.43±10.42years. Among the dentist 393(87.3%) have musculoskeletal disorder. Among these 393 subjects 388(86.22%) have pain; 124(31.6%) have Mild, 122(31.0%) have moderate and 142(36.1%) have Severe Pain. Pain was found in Hand among 28(6.2%), in Wrist among 52(11.6%), in Fore Arm among 9(2.0%), in Upper Arm among 20(4.4%), in Shoulder among 314(69.8%), in Neck among 210(46.7%), in Upper Back among 20(4.4%), in Middle Back among 163(36.2%) and in Lower Back among 226(50.2%).Conclusion: Overall Shoulder, neck and lower back pain was frequent respectively among dentists but wrist and middle back pain was statistically signifi cantly higher among female. Musculoskeletal disorder aff ects the workability of dentists as well as socioeconomically. Therefore it is suggested that there should be knowledge and practice based workshops should be conducted to address this issue.
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Shinwari, Naeem Ullah, Muhammad Suleman Sikander, Mehwish Haider, Syed Issam Ullah Jan, Muhammad Hassan, and Maria Naz. "WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS AND THEIR ERGONOMIC RISK FACTORS AMONG SURGEONS OF PESHAWAR." Insights-Journal of Health and Rehabilitation 2, no. 2 (Health & Allied) (2024): 166–72. https://doi.org/10.71000/ijhr93.
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Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are prominent causes of occupational injuries globally, affecting numerous professionals, particularly surgeons. These disorders, often resulting from prolonged static postures, repetitive movements, and the utilization of surgical instruments, lead to significant pain and disability. Objective: To assess the prevalence and ergonomic risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among surgeons in Peshawar. Methods: This observational study spanned six months, with data collection over a two-month period using the Quick Exposure Check and Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire. A total of 180 surgeons were selected through convenience sampling to participate. Results: Among the participants, 135 were male and 45 female, predominantly aged between 30 to 35 years. The study identified a mild to moderate correlation between musculoskeletal pain and head and neck activities, which were more significant compared to the slight associations observed with shoulder and back activities. Conclusion: The study highlights a mild prevalence of musculoskeletal pain predominantly caused by head and neck activities among surgeons, overshadowing the lesser impact of shoulder and back movements. These findings suggest the need for focused ergonomic interventions to mitigate the primary risks identified.
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Munir, Muzna, Laaj Khan, Maira Noor Niazi, Noor-e. Fajir, and Hunyya Fatima. "WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG PHYSICAL THERAPIST LIVING IN PAKISTAN." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 11, no. 1 (2022): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.11.1/019.
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BACKGROUND AND AIM One of the serious health issues amongst physical therapists (PTs) is “Work-related musculoskeletal disorders”. WMSDs are correlated to physiotherapist’s gender, age group, specialization, and work activities. Depending upon the tasks performed by the PT, different body parts are affected. The irony is that physiotherapists develop musculoskeletal disorders when they are helping their patients.The main aim of this study was to find out the musculoskeletal disorders that are work-related in physical therapists. METHODOLOGY A cross sectional survey was conducted in Lahore and D.G. Khan for those working in hospitals or private clinics to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in physiotherapists. For data collection, the questionnaire which was used was standard Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. The sample size was calculated to be 132. Both male and female physiotherapists were included those who have minimum experience of 4 months, working in hospitals or in private clinics. RESULTS Within 12 months, absolute recognized area affected by WRMSDs was upper limb than lower limb as well as in the recent 7 days the ratio was same. The order of pain during last 12 months was Neck > Low back > upper back. The order of pain during last 7 days Low back> neck> shoulder. CONCLUSION From this study, it was concluded that Physiotherapists working in clinics have a large number of work-related musculoskeletal disorders especially neck region and low back are the most affected regions while the minimally affected one is the elbow. KEY WORDS Physical therapists, Musculoskeletal injuries, Workload, Working environment, Biomechanics, Disorders.
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Yang, Haiou, Scott Haldeman, Akinori Nakata, BongKyoo Choi, Linda Delp, and Dean Baker. "Work-Related Risk Factors for Neck Pain in the US Working Population." Spine 40, no. 3 (2015): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000000700.
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Cheptea, Dumitru, Raisa Deleu, Victor Meșina, and Serghei Cebanu. "ASSESSING WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND ERGONOMIC RISKS IN TEACHERS." Arta Medica 92, no. 3 (2024): 20–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14530712.
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<strong>Objectives</strong>. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the most commonly reported causes of occupational diseases. Although affected teachers may continue to be active, many end their teaching careers early due to these health problems. <strong>The aim of the study</strong> was to describe the ”non-ergonomic positions” in the workplace, the associated musculoskeletal disorders, and the resulting health problems among Moldovan teachers. <strong>Material and methods</strong>. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a judgmental sample of 750 teachers working in Moldovan schools. Goniometric indicators of work positions were assessed using the photographic method and by timing occupational activities. The presence of musculoskeletal discomfort and associated factors were evaluated using a questionnaire. <strong>Results.</strong> Of the 750 participating, 97% were female, the mean age – 46.6±3.77years. A non-ergonomic working position is adopted by 87.5% of teachers, since the goniometric data showed deviations from physiological joint angles for radiocarpal, elbow, hip, knee, and tibio-tarsal. The angle of neck deviation from the vertical was 24.80°, shoulder deviation was 4.60°, and trunk deviation exceeded the physiological position by an average of 17.50°. The chronic locomotor system diseases had a prevalence of 37.3%, while arthritis, arthrosis, and other destructive joint changes had a prevalence of 28.9%. Furthermore, more than 21.7% of responders reported limb pain at the end of the working day. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, particularly "chronic locomotor system diseases pain" (arthritis, arthrosis, limb pain) affected more than 1/3 of teachers involved in the study. The most frequently identified ergonomic parameter was "a non-ergonomic working position" due to deviation for: radiocarpal, elbow, hip, knee, tibio-tarsal and neck. These results highlight the need to implement preventative ergonomic measures to reduce the exposure, then the risk of MSDs and so minimize the chronic locomotor system diseases pain.
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Strøm, Vegard, Cecilie Røe, Dagfinn Matre, and Stein Knardahl. "Deep tissue hyperalgesia after computer work." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 3, no. 1 (2012): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.08.005.
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AbstractBackground and purposeA growing number of people are using computers. Shoulder and neck pain occur commonly during computer work. Peripheral and central sensitization may play a major role in establishing and maintaining several chronic pain conditions. We have previously reported that a 90 min simulated computer office-work induced substantial pain in the shoulders and neck. We hypothesized that the development of pain during the computer work may be related to sensitization. The aim of the present study was to examine if the 90 min computer work induced deep tissue muscle hyperalgesia manifested as altered pressure pain thresholds (PPTs).MethodsTwenty-two subjects with chronic shoulder and neck pain (pain group) and 26 healthy and pain free subjects (reference group) performed a standardized computer office-work task with use of a computer-mouse and with time pressure and high precision demands continuously for 90 min. The pressure pain threshold was measured with a pressure algometer in shoulder and forearm muscles (bilaterally in upper trapezius and extensor carpi radialis), and at sternum, before and 15 min and 30 min after the computer work task.ResultsThe PPTs before starting the computer work were not different between the groups at any of the five locations. In both groups, the PPTs in the active and inactive side of the upper trapezius as well as in the extensor carpi radialis of the forearm operating the computer mouse were significantly reduced after the 90 min computer work compared with the pre-work levels. In the pain group, also the PPT in the inactive resting forearm was significantly reduced. The changes seen in PPTs from pre-to post-work were not significantly different between the groups, except for the inactive resting forearm where the groups exhibited different time course.ConclusionA decrease in pressure pain thresholds of involved muscles suggests that computer office-work can induce deep tissue hyperalgesia within 90 min. The development of pain during the computer work indicates peripheral sensitization as the predominant mechanism. Decreased pressure pain thresholds also in sites distant from pain areas may indicate a contribution from central sensitization in the subjects with chronic shoulder and neck pain.ImplicationsThe lasting pain after work and the reduced PPTs both in involved and distant musculature may indicate need for frequent pauses during computer work, especially when performed with time pressure and high precision demands, in order to avoid pain to increase and sustain after work, and thus to prevent the possibility of pain to become chronic.
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Chalgri, Saleem Raza. "EVALUATION OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES AMONG COAL MINERS." Quaid-e-Awam University Research Journal of Engineering, Science & Technology 20, no. 1 (2022): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52584/qrj.2001.06.
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Mining work is quite tedious, and it takes the whole body into account. Underground mine environment has sensory issues, and working conditions are not ideal. It results in maximum chances for the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal injuries (WRMSIs). WRMSIs are the conditions which affect muscles, bones, joints, nerves, vessels, and supporting system. These are the significant cost occurring disorders in the workplace. This research aims to assess the WRMSIs in Lakhra coal mines to identify critical issues. Fifty operational workers completed the self- administrated questionnaire survey. Data related to personal and work information, physical activities age, nature of job, and WRMSIs was collected. A physical wellbeing checklist and Body Part Diagram were used to know the response of the worker. The research findings show that shoulder and knee disorders occur more frequently among workers. Almost 54% of cases were reported knee pain, whereas 44% reported toe/foot disorders, 38% for a wrist disorder, 36% stuck with shoulder pain, 16% had neck pain, 10% were with elbow pain, and only 2% have the hip disorder. The study is a positive addition in the research area to carry out better health and safety measures for the miners.
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Howell, Harrison, Joshua Fuller, Praveen V. Mummaneni, et al. "415 What Predicts Attainment of Substantial Clinical Benefit in Neck Pain-Related Disability 24 Months After Surgery for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy?" Neurosurgery 71, Supplement_1 (2025): 100. https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003360_415.
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INTRODUCTION: Surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) intends to halt neurological deterioration, but some patients experience significant improvements in disability. Through analysis of Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores for patients undergoing CSM surgery, this study investigates factors that predict attainment of substantial clinical benefit (SCB) for disability. METHODS: Data was obtained from the Quality Outcomes Database CSM dataset, a prospective cohort of 1141 patients from 14 sites. Exclusion criteria included missing baseline or 24-month NDI scores, baseline NDI<20, or no baseline neck pain. Remaining patients were partitioned into training (n=591) and test sets (n=131). Logistic regression and random forest models, with and without principal component analysis (PCA), were trained to predict whether patients achieved SCB at 24 months. RESULTS: Overall, 722 patients met inclusion criteria: mean age 59.8±11.4, 52.8% female, mean BMI 30.6±6.4, mean baseline NDI 45.7±16.2, mean baseline VAS neck pain 6.2±2.8, and mean baseline mJOA 11.8±2.8. Logistic regression without PCA had AUROC of 0.678±0.035 (with PCA:AUROC=0.686±0.031). Random forest without PCA had AUROC of 0.670±0.033 (with PCA:AUROC=0.683±0.031). Significant positive predictors of SCB attainment: baseline neck pain intensity (OR: 1.76, 95% CI:1.68-1.84, p=0.002), neck pain interfering with recreation (OR: 1.51, 95% CI:1.45-1.56, p=0.002), neck pain interfering with work (OR: 1.36, 95% CI:1.31-1.41, p=0.032), neck pain interfering with lifting (OR: 1.36, 95% CI:1.31-1.40, p=0.022). Significant negative predictors: current unemployment (OR: 0.53, 95% CI:0.49-0.58, p=0.034), undergoing fusion including C7 (OR: 0.26, 95% CI:0.22-0.30, p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS: In a large prospective cohort of operative CSM patients, higher baseline neck pain and neck-pain interference with recreation, work, and lifting activities were baseline factors associated with substantial improvements in NDI. Patients who were unemployed or underwent a C7 fusion were at risk of not attaining SCB. This study helps uncover features associated with substantial clinical improvement in disability following CSM surgery.
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Bozkurt, Sinem, Nesrin Demirsoy, and Zafer Günendi. "Risk factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 39, no. 6 (2016): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v39i6.27527.
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Purpose: To evaluate musculoskeletal system-related complaints; identify regions at risk in dentists by observing and inquiring the dentists at work; and find out the associations with age, sex, working years, academic position and departments, positions during work and daily working hours. Methods: Modified Nordic Questionnaire (m-nMQ) was used to evaluate pain, hospital admissions and absenteeism. Quick Exposure Check (QEC) form was utilized to assess risk exposure levels related with low-back, neck, hand-wrist and shoulder-arm. Results: 163 dentists were included the most painful regions were found to be back (66.9%), neck (65%) and low back (64.4%). Musculoskeletal symptoms were more prevalent in women and research assistants. QEC scores were found to be lower in those who performed regular exercises. Conclusion: Dentists should be educated about ergonomics at the beginning of their professional life.
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Muhammad Hamza, Arooj Fatima, Qasim Murtaza, Muhammad Tahir Aslam, Umma-e-Habiba, and Hafsa Fatima. "Prevalence of Neck and Shoulder Pain in Sewing Machine Operators of Rahim Yar Khan." Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research 4, no. 3 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1422.
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Background: Neck and shoulder pain are prevalent among sewing machine operators due to prolonged static postures and repetitive movements, leading to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs).Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of neck and shoulder pain among sewing machine operators in Rahim Yar Khan City.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2019. A total of 100 sewing machine operators were selected using a convenient sampling technique. Participants with at least four years of work experience and daily work of 8 hours in a sitting posture were included. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire covering demographic information, work hours, pain characteristics, and medication usage. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis, with descriptive statistics and p-values for significance.Results: The mean age was 31 ± 11.56 years. Forty-three percent of operators reported shoulder pain, and 8% had both neck and shoulder pain. Pain was bilateral in 43%, with 35% suffering for over 2 years. Thirty percent used medication for pain relief (p = 0.001).Conclusion: A significant prevalence of neck and shoulder pain exists among sewing machine operators, emphasizing the need for ergonomic interventions and health education.
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Howarth, Ashley, Susan Hallbeck, Raman Mahabir, Valerie Lemaine, Gregory Evans, and Shelley Noland. "Work-Related Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Injury in Microsurgeons." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 35, no. 05 (2018): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675177.
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Background Long surgical procedures with loupe magnification and microscopes may put microsurgeons at an increased risk of musculoskeletal discomfort. Identifying the prevalence and impact of work-related musculoskeletal discomfort may guide preventive strategies to prolong well-being, job satisfaction, and career duration. Methods An online 29-question survey was designed to evaluate work-related musculoskeletal discomfort. The survey was created and distributed electronically through a private survey research center and was sent to the members of the American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery. Results There were 117 respondents (16.7% response rate): 80% were men; 69% were aged 31 to 50 years; and 68% were in academic practice. On a scale of 0 to 10 (0, no pain and 10, worst pain), the median for work-related musculoskeletal discomfort for surgery without loupes or microscope was 2; with loupes, 4; and with a microscope, 5. Pain was most common in the neck. Half of the surgeons reported pain within 4 hours of surgery, and 57% feared that pain would influence future surgical performance. Surgeon discomfort affected posture (72%), stamina (36%), sleep (29%), relationships (25%), concentration (22%), and surgical speed (19%). Tremor caused by the discomfort occurred in 8%. Medical treatment for discomfort was sought by 29%. Time off work for treatment occurred for 8%. Conclusion Work-related musculoskeletal discomfort can affect many aspects of a microsurgeon's life and has the potential to limit a surgeon's ability to operate. Therefore, more emphasis is needed in the surgical community on the important issues of occupational health and surgical ergonomics for microsurgeons.