Academic literature on the topic 'Workers' bodies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Workers' bodies"
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Keller, Julie C., Margaret Gray, and Jill Lindsey Harrison. "Milking Workers, Breaking Bodies." New Labor Forum 26, no. 1 (December 9, 2016): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1095796016681763.
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Leung, Elly, and Donella Caspersz. "Chinese workers’ history: passive minds docile bodies." Journal of Management History 25, no. 3 (October 11, 2019): 304–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-12-2018-0069.
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PurposeThis paper aims to describe an exploratory study that has sought to understand how an institutionalised docility rather than resistance has been created in the minds of Chinese workers by the Chinese State. The study proposes that this docility has been crucial in enabling China to become a world leading economic powerhouse.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on Foucault’s concept of governmentality and uses the genealogical method to examine the historical events that have shaped the mentalities of today’s Chinese workers. Original interviews (n = 74) with everyday workers across industries and locations illustrate this.FindingsIt was found that the utilisation of centuries-long Confucian hierarchical rules by successive regimes has created a cumulative effect that has maintained workers docility and their willingness to submit themselves to poor working conditions that – ultimately – benefit the Chinese State and business, though this is at their expense. This finding is in juxtaposition to current research that claim that their working conditions are fostering a rising consciousness and resistance among Chinese workers.Originality/valueThis paper provides a novel explanation for why Chinese workers accept their poor working conditions and thus critiques current perspectives about Chinese worker resistance.
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Abdullah, Noorman. "Foreign Bodies at Work: Good, Docile and Other-ed." Asian Journal of Social Science 33, no. 2 (2005): 223–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568531054930785.
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AbstractThe lived, and oftentimes silenced, experiences of "foreign workers" articulate the negotiation of power relations between "citizen" and "foreigner", and "Us" and "Them". These are translated into discursive practices that, in effect, legitimize and entrench differences — hence, inequalities — that effectively discipline the "foreign worker" as "not one of Us". By taking the example of Bangladeshi construction workers in Singapore as a case study, I argue in this paper that the workspaces of "foreign construction workers" in Singapore typify that of a "total institution", which correspondingly moulds the worker into a discursive ideal — the "good, docile Other". Such impositions and productions of Otherness, however, face rupture as workers (re)negotiate, (re)work, and (re)inscribe their everyday lives through the employment of what James Scott (1985, 1987) terms "everyday 'resistances'" in rising above that which subjugates them. I will present in this paper primary data elicited and collated from direct participant observation, fieldwork, and in-depth interviews conducted in a construction project in Singapore.
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Keesman, Laura D., and Don Weenink. "Bodies and emotions in tense and threatening situations." Journal of Social Work 20, no. 2 (September 5, 2018): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017318795726.
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Summary This study investigates the experiences of social workers with tense and threatening situations in homeless shelters of the Salvation Army in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Clients intimidated and threatened social workers verbally, damaged property and, in some cases, physically assaulted them. The study is based on qualitative analyses of 18 interviews. Findings Social workers reported that such situations have intense emotional, bodily and mental impact. Their main concern is to manage overwhelming bodily manifestations of fear and tension to maintain work-related comportment. We demonstrate that social workers use emotion/body work in their attempts to control their own and their clients’ emotions. We also found that social workers’ emotion/body work is informed and supported by feeling rules that revolve around their identity as professionals. Being a professional social worker means to be in control of the situation and to regard the aggression and violence of clients from a distanced, sociologized perspective. Finally, social workers note the longer term emotional consequences of their experiences, but also of their emotion/body work, in the sense that some of them become habituated to violence. Applications The study concludes that more systematic attention should be given to the ‘emotion/body' work of social workers who are exposed to tense and threatening situations, in both academic studies and current prevention policies and practices. While the former tend to offer a disembodied view of work place violence, the latter do not give sufficient attention to sharing and reflection on the emotional and bodily experiences among social workers.
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Grisel, Jillian. "Bodies of Hope and Disruption." Kohl: A Journal for Body and Gender Research 3, Summer (June 1, 2017): 78–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36583/kohl/3-1-12.
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One way neoliberalism and patriarchy maintain power is under racial hierarchies that legitimize the removal of non-white bodies to places of disposability. I aim to illustrate this violence and how it plays out through migrant domestic workers in a Lebanese context, tracing their pathway to incarceration. I also attempt to dispel the myth that suggests migrant domestic workers are victims in their location of disposability through my experience facilitating a mental health intervention in a Lebanese prison. I demonstrate this by reflecting on how Western medicine reinforces the oppression of migrant domestic workers relative to my own subjectivity and how they resist through acts of feeling and care-work.
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Negroni, Matteo Antoine, Maide Nesibe Macit, Marah Stoldt, Barbara Feldmeyer, and Susanne Foitzik. "Molecular regulation of lifespan extension in fertile ant workers." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1823 (March 8, 2021): 20190736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0736.
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The evolution of sociality in insects caused a divergence in lifespan between reproductive and non-reproductive castes. Ant queens can live for decades, while most workers survive only weeks to a few years. In most organisms, longevity is traded-off with reproduction, but in social insects, these two life-history traits are positively linked. Once fertility is induced in workers, e.g. by queen removal, worker lifespan increases. The molecular regulation of this positive link between fecundity and longevity and generally the molecular underpinnings of caste-specific senescence are not well understood. Here, we investigate the transcriptomic regulation of lifespan and reproduction in fat bodies of three worker groups in the ant Temnothorax rugatulus . In a long-term experiment, workers that became fertile in the absence of the queen showed increased survival and upregulation of genes involved in longevity and fecundity pathways. Interestingly, workers that re-joined their queen after months exhibited intermediate ovary development, but retained a high expression of longevity and fecundity genes. Strikingly, the queen's presence causes a general downregulation of genes in worker fat bodies. Our findings point to long-term consequences of fertility induction in workers, even after re-joining their queen. Moreover, we reveal longevity genes and pathways modulated during insect social evolution. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Ageing and sociality: why, when and how does sociality change ageing patterns?’
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Balogun, Oluwakemi M., and Kimberly Kay Hoang. "Political Economy of Embodiment: Capitalizing on Globally Staged Bodies in Nigerian Beauty Pageants and Vietnamese Sex Work." Sociological Perspectives 61, no. 6 (September 6, 2018): 953–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121418797292.
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How do various stakeholders capitalize off of display workers’ bodies? This article uses a comparative-case approach to examine two different sites—beauty pageants in Nigeria and high-end sex workers in Vietnam—where women’s bodies are differentially staged with varying degrees of visibility. Theoretically, this article develops the concept of political economy of embodiment to account for a network of people onstage, backstage, and offstage who capitalize off displayed bodies in qualitatively different ways. Beauty pageants in Nigeria take place on highly visible national and global stages. Contestants’ bodies signal African beauty as being fashion-forward, which propels and integrates Nigeria into international arenas of diplomacy and trade. High-end sex workers in Vietnam work on a stage that is hidden from the general public yet open for a select group of Vietnam’s elites. Sex workers’ bodies are on display to project an ideal of Asian ascendancy in Vietnam’s market.
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Lovelock, Kirsten. "O4C.6 ‘Healthy on the outside, sick on the inside’ -forestry workers, embodiment and biosociality." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A37.2—A37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.101.
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Health outcomes for workers in forestry are shaped by a complex range of exposures, including exposures related to the work environment generated by the industry itself and within a natural environment. We understand how the worker experiences these exposures is shaped by a range of contextual factors including external factors such as market prices and legislation; employer specific factors (e.g. pace of work, provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)); to task specific factors (e.g. repetition, worker control). And, health outcomes from these exposures can range from immediate to delayed, and in duration from acute to chronic. This paper draws on a qualitative research project conducted with forestry workers, their contractors and the CEOs of corporate forests in New Zealand and argues that we need to know more if we are to intervene effectively. Face to face interviews and focus groups were conducted with 100 participants at multiple sites throughout New Zealand (Northland, Gisborne, Central North Island, Hawkes Bay, Wanganui and Otago). This paper focuses specifically on the experiential aspects of being a forestry worker and contractor and how the concept of embodiment and bio-sociality is a useful means by which to understand how bodies are produced and reproduced through labour, how labour converts bodies into social entities and that the body is not exclusively in either the biological or social world, rather bodies are made, have social value and the sociality of bodies shapes altered biologies. These concepts allow us to understand why it is that workers self-describe and are described as being ‘healthy on the outside, sick on the inside’ or ‘fit on the outside, sick on the inside’ and to unpack how social groups form around biological identities marked by ill health or illness susceptibility.
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Southall, David, Mamady Cham, and Omar Sey. "Health workers lost to international bodies in poor countries." Lancet 376, no. 9740 (August 2010): 498–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61157-9.
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Le Roux, Thomas. "Hygienists, workers' bodies and machines in nineteenth-century France." European Review of History: Revue europeenne d'histoire 20, no. 2 (April 2013): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2013.766523.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Workers' bodies"
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Baey, Grace H. Y. "Borders and the exclusion of migrant bodies in Singapore's global city-state." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5671.
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Kosstrin, Hannah Joy. "Honest Bodies: Jewishness, Radicalism, and Modernism in Anna Sokolow's Choreography from 1927-1961." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1300761075.
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Duarte, Mikaël. "Des corps en enfer. Une histoire des corps dans la région stéphanoise de la fin du XVIIIe à 1949." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES014/document.
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A la fin du XVIIIe siècle, la population de la région stéphanoise est caractérisée par sa maîtrise des processus industriels, une culture spécifique du corps, influencée par les rituels carnavalesques, le mouvement convulsionnaire janséniste, puis le magnétisme animal. L'industrie dépend alors des corps des ouvriers, des Sublimes. Les critiques des élites face à un système industriel passent des discours à une lente immixtion dans la chair des ouvriers qu'il faut enfermer, contrôler et rationaliser. La disqualification des corps ouvriers commence par un déclassement esthétique, qui débouche sur une racialisation, confortée par les théories de la dégénérescence. La rationalisation, la morale hygiéniste et l'éducation physique participent de cette prise de contrôle de la chair. Les nombreuses résistances des ouvriers face à une industrialisation rationalisée et mécanisée aliénante se caractérisent par une contre-culture ouvrière tenace, le maintien de la petite industrie qui maintient des espaces de liberté, et des violences, qui passe par l'anarchisme violent la grève, fracassée par une répression d'EtatAt the end of the eighteenth century, the population of the Stephan region was characterized by its mastery of industrial processes, a specific culture of the body, influenced by carnival rituals, the Jansenist convulsion movement, and then animal magnetism. lndustry then depends on the bodies of the workers, the Sublimes. The criticisms of the elites in the face of an industrial system pass !rom speeches to a slow interference in the workers' flesh, which must be locked up, controlled and rationalized. The disqualification of the workers' bodies begins with an aesthetic downgrading, which leads to racialization, reinforced by theories of degeneration. Rationalization, hygienic morality and physical education are part of this takeover of the flesh. The many resistance of the workers to an alienating mechanized and rationalized industrialization are characterized by a tenacious working-class counter-culture, the maintenance of small industry which maintains areas of freedom and violence, which passes through anarchism violate the strike, Shattered by a state repression
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Mabaso, Thandeka Grace. "Leveraging knowledge management as the basis to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in KwaZulu-Natal legislature." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50391.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This paper was written with the intention of investigating how Knowledge Management (KM) influences an organization's competitive advantage. The objective of the research questions was to determine KM's role in a competitive advantage. Knowledge is the critical asset of any organization whether profit or nonprofit. This paper will discuss the meaning of the competitive advantage focusing attention in a non-profit organization, which will serve as a framework for subsequent argument and the remainder of the study. Research into KM's relation with business issues such as leadership, IT for KM, organizational structure was conducted. The objective was to determine the readiness of the institution in implementing Knowledge Management as a basis for its competitive advantage and also to determine the role of the leadership for KM and IT for KM and to propose a new agenda for the Chief Knowledge Officer. This paper is organized around six chapters. It begins with introduction and background chapters where the research question, research setting and KM's competitive advantage are discussed. An in-depth literature review follows in chapter two. Chapter three deals with the detailed description of the methodology followed to compile this paper. A data report and analysis in chapters four and five followed by recommendations for rolling out of KM initiative are considered. Research concludes in chapter six.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studiestuk is geskryf met die bedoeling om die wyse waarop Kennisbestuur (KB) 'n organisasie se mededingende voordeel beïnvloed, te ondersoek. Die oogmerk van die navorsingsvrae was om KB se rol met betrekking tot mededingende voordeel te bepaal. Kennis is 'n belangrike bate vir enige organisasie met of sonder winsbejag. In hierdie stuk word die betekenis van mededingende voordeel bespreek met die klem op 'n organisasie sonder winsbejag wat as raamwerk sal dien vir daaropvolgende argumente en die res van die studie. Navorsing is oor die verband tussen KB en sake-aangeleenthede soos leierskap, inligtingstegnologie (IT) en organisatoriese struktuur gedoen. Die oogmerk was om die gereedheid van die instelling te bepaal vir die implementering van KB as 'n grondslag vir sy mededingende voordeel en ook om die rol van leierskap vir KB en IT vir KB vas te stel en om 'n nuwe agenda vir die Hoof Kennisbeampte voor te stel. Hierdie stuk bestaan uit ses hoofstukke. Dit begin met 'n inleiding en 'n hoofstuk met agtergrondinligting waar die navorsingsvrae, navorsingsomgewing en KB se mededingende voordeel bespreek word. 'n Deeglike literatuur-oorsig volg in hoofstuk twee. Hoofstuk drie handel oor 'n gedetailleerde beskrywing van die metodologie wat gevolg is om hierdie stuk te lewer. 'n Dataverslag en -ontleding word in hoofstukke vier en vyf oorweeg, gevolg deur aanbevelings vir die uitrol van 'n KB inisiatief. Die navorsingsgevolgtrekking is in hoofstuk ses vervat.
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Lange, Shara K. "What Do We Do with our Bodies." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3659.
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Pollard, Matthew. "The bodies of Kleist : aspects of corporeality in his dramatic works." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35047.
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This dissertation examines the representations of the body in the completed dramatic works of Heinrich von Kleist (1777--1811). While taking into account the psychoanalytical and philosophical approaches to Kleist, this project has Heiner Miller's words as its point of departure: that the theater represents the collision of ideas with the body. The forces of power, gender and authority leave their traces of this collision on the bodies of his characters, whose metaphorical and literal falls, wounds and recoveries speak their own gestural language.This study is organized on the principle of Kleist's use of genre designation, the approximate chronological order of his plays, and the representation of the body. Chapter one focuses on Die Familie Schroffenstein, Der zerbrochne Krug, and Amphitryon and the notion of bodily authenticity and integrity; chapter two, on Die Hermannsschlacht and Penthesilea, looks at the spectacle of violence and its effect on the body mobilized by emotional extremity; the third chapter, on Kleist's most celebrated works, Prinz Friedrich von Homburg and Das Kathchen von Heilbronn, examines aspects of gender and vulnerability. The conclusion views his essay "Uber das Marionettentheater" not as a key to understanding his works, but rather as a culmination of them, and investigates Kleist's writing on the wounded body and its connection to grace.
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Pollard, Matthew. "The bodies of Kleist, aspects of corporeality in his dramatic works." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0018/NQ44555.pdf.
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Crawford, James E. Jr. "Seeing the Sausage Made: How Compromise Works in Large Groups and Representative Bodies." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3584.
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Inspired by the lack of Congressional compromise during the 2013 federal shutdown, I explore how compromise works in large groups and representative bodies. An on-line survey, personal interviews, and a discourse analysis of the Congressional Record yield a diverse collection of data, including personal and public stories of compromise. I examine the stories and other data through an eclectic mix of contemporary scholarship, borrowing literary theory from the Russian critic Mikhail Bakhtin, socio-linguistic concepts from American linguist James Paul Gee, and moral philosophy from Israeli thinker Avishai Margalit. I also incorporate the work of political scientists Amy Gutmann and Dennis Thompson, as well as the political campaign coverage of writer and essayist Joan Didion.
My examination shows that differences in Discourse, Gee’s expansive model of the discourse community, underpin the uncompromising mindset that dominated the 2013 shutdown. I show that public and personal compromise have obvious differences in terms of scope and complexity, but that all successful compromises, of any size, rest on a bedrock of trust. My research uncovered more effective ways of brokering legislative compromise in the future. I also learned that public opinion polls do not influence legislative decisions. Instead, regular, personal contact, whether by phone, fax, or e-mail, is the best way to engage and influence legislators. Finally, I consider the challenges and limitations of my research, including the difficulty of collecting a large, diverse survey sample, and scheduling personal interviews with public officials.
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Tuft, Bryna. "This Is Not a Woman: Literary Bodies and Private Selves in the Works of the Chinese Avant-Garde Women Writers." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12934.
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During the period of economic expansion and openness to personal expression and individuality following Deng Xiaoping's reforms, the Chinese avant-garde women writers engaged in a project of resistance to the traditionally appropriated use of the female body, image, and voice. This resistance can be seen in the ways they consciously construct a private space in their fiction. In this dissertation, I argue that this space is created by presenting alternative forms of female sexuality, in contrast to the heterosexual wife and mother, and by adding details of their own personal histories in their writing. Key to this argument is the Chinese concept of si (privacy) and how the female avant-garde writers turn its traditionally negative associations into a positive tool for writing the self. While male appropriations of images of the female body for political or state-authored purposes are not new to the contemporary period or even the twentieth century, the female avant-garde writers are particularly conscious of the ways in which their bodies are not their own. Moreover, contemporary criticism that labels the works of the female avant-garde writers as self-exposing, titillating, and trite overlooks the difference between authorial intent and commercial or political appropriation, which has led to a profound misunderstanding of these works. In addition, it has also led to a conflation of the female avant-garde writers' works with those of the later body writers. Therefore the purpose of this dissertation is to provide a closer look at the concept of si-privacy and how it intersects with various forms of self-writing, as well as how it is used as a narrative strategy by three contemporary female authors, Xu Kun, Lin Bai, and Hai Nan. Specifically, I consider the similarities and differences in the ways that these authors create and orient themselves in both their memoirs and their self-referential fiction.
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Bernard, Julia M. "Learning by Doing: Working with Those Who Are Differently Abled." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5806.
Full textBooks on the topic "Workers' bodies"
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Parker, Robert E. Flesh peddlers and warm bodies: The temporary help industry and its workers. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 1993.
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Markets and bodies: Women, service work, and the making of inequality in China. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2011.
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Cramer, Werner Rudolf. Karosserie- und Fahrzeugbau: Ein Handwerk und seine Berufsverbände zwischen Tradition und Moderne. Stuttgart: Gentner Verlag, 1998.
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Santa Barbara Museum of Art, ed. Heavenly bodies. Santa barbara, CA.]: Nazraeli Press in association with Santa Barbara Museum of Art, 2014.
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1948-, Bodine Jennifer B., ed. Bodine's city: The photography of A. Aubrey Bodine. Atglen, Pa: Schiffer Pub. Ltd., 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Workers' bodies"
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Raghuram, Parvati, Joanna Bornat, and Leroi Henry. "The Co-Marking of Aged Bodies and Migrant Bodies: Migrant Workers' Contribution to Geriatric Medicine in the UK." In Body Work in Health and Social Care, 147–61. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345865.ch11.
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Wibberley, Gemma. "Getting the Bodies of the Workers to the Bodies of the Clients: The Role of Rotas in Domiciliary Care." In Body/Sex/Work, 223–38. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02191-5_14.
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Argento, Elena, Kay Thi Win, Bronwyn McBride, and Kate Shannon. "Global Burden of Violence and Other Human Rights Violations Against Sex Workers." In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights, 41–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_3.
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AbstractGlobally, sex workers experience a disproportionate burden of violence and human rights violations linked to criminalisation, punitive law enforcement, and lack of labour protections. Social injustices including poor working conditions, violence and victimisation, police harassment, and discrimination constitute severe violations of sex workers’ health, labour and human rights, and abuses of their freedom and dignity. Policymakers, researchers, and international bodies increasingly recognise violence as a critical public health and human rights concern among the general population; however, human rights violations against sex workers remain largely overlooked within international agendas on violence prevention and in human rights conventions. This chapter provides an overview of the global literature on violence against sex workers, other human rights violations, and drivers of elevated violence and rights inequities across settings. In addition to synthesising global research findings, this chapter features contributions and case studies from community partners in Asia Pacific. Guided by a structural determinants framework, and in recognising the right to live and work free from violence as a human right, this chapter provides an evidence base pertaining to violence against sex workers towards that informs the development of policy and public health interventions to uphold human rights among sex workers worldwide.
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Trošić, I., M. Šarić, and L. Štilinović. "The Significance of Asbestos Bodies and Occurrence of Macrophages in the Sputum of Asbestos-Exposed Workers." In Environmental Hygiene III, 171–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77112-5_40.
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Springmann, Veronika. "“He liked us, because we were good athletes, good workers” – Productive Bodies in Nazi Concentration Camps." In Sport under Unexpected Circumstances, 175–90. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666310522.175.
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MacQuarie, Julius-Cezar. "The Researcher’s Nightworkshop: A Methodology of Bodily and Cyber-Ethnographic Representations in Migration Studies." In IMISCOE Research Series, 293–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67608-7_16.
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AbstractMigrants working the night shift (MWNS) have been invisible to the public eye for far too long. The failure to acknowledge the crucial role played by migrants working in the evening and night-time economy of developed societies is difficult to tackle with classical research tools alone. This chapter offers to novice and seasoned migration scholars a threefold methodological strategy to immerse, inhabit and to bring out of the dark a nocturnal landscape that has been invisible to diurnal people. The researcher’s nightworkshop’s innovative approach provides migration scholars with visual-analytical tools to capture the hidden experiences of MWNS. Theoretically, this chapter considers the broad aspects of representation (reel) and reality (real) of migrants in the public space and in migration scholarship. Night workers, the invisible people of the nocturnal city remain so to scholars, due to the impracticalities of doing nocturnal research (MacQuarie, 2019a). Empirically, therefore, the researcher’s nightworkshop’s strategy offers a solution to the puzzle of ‘invisibility’ of night shift workers. But it also reckons with the fact that to make visible the working lives in the realm of the night is a daunting task for scholars. Readers should interpret the notion of visibilisation with caution, using it as a visual metaphor to expose the factors that alter the night-shift workers’ precarious working conditions. This challenge is addressed here, through efforts that bridge the contingent of night workers, their minds and bodies that share the precarious landscape of nightwork with the researcher – alert and awake via the senses and suffering turned into skills.
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Speedy, Jane, Davina Kirkpatrick, Sue Porter, Seema Shrenk, Jonathan Wyatt, Melissa Dunlop, Carol Laidler, Margaret Page, and Artemi Sakellariadis. "Introduction(s) to this body of works/bodily workings/works of these bodies." In Artful Collaborative Inquiry, 3–30. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367854843-1.
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Busemann, Herbert, and C. M. Petty. "Problems on Convex Bodies." In Selected Works II, 377–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65624-3_27.
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"3. When Workers Become Mothers, Who Works? Motherhood, Labor, and Punishment." In Contested Bodies, 68–111. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.9783/9780812294057-004.
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"Non-statutory bodies." In Law for Social Workers, 39. Routledge-Cavendish, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843143895-13.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Workers' bodies"
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Kuratani, Yasunari, Kentaro Hase, Takahiro Hosomi, Tomoe Kawazu, Tadashi Uozumi, and Akihiko Goto. "Workers’ Eye Movements During the Manufacturing of VaRTM Preforms." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52598.
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Many companies are currently researching VaRTM molding method for practical application in the composite material industry, such as in wind-powered power generating equipment, boats and ships, and aircrafts because it can produce moldings with complicated shapes or large sizes, does not require a large amount of business investments, and can make molding cost efficient. However, it is difficult discovering the optimal conditions for molding, as VaRTM molding requires perform manufacturing process which makes the fiber base material fit into a three-dimensional shape by applying pressure and heat. It is said that the accuracy of the preform affects the mechanical properties of the molding product. In recent years, despite continued investigations into the automated manufacturing of preforms, the majority of preforms are still manufactured by the hands of workers, causing the accuracy of the preform to be dependent on the ability of the worker. In this research, we made three subjects with varying number of years’ experience create preforms and produce a VaRTM molding. Conducting an interlaminar shear strength test on the molding products revealed that they had a higher intensity in order of the most years of experience to least. In order to identify the reason why the accuracy in creating a preform is dependent on the ability of the worker, we informed all of the subjects of the work process beforehand, made them use the same tools and fiber base materials, and investigated the differences in manufacturing method and manufacturing techniques caused by the workers’ number of years of experience. Differences were observed in the expert and non-experts from an overall image of the subjects when working, such as how they handled the tools (iron), their posture when layering, how they exerted strength into layering, etc. We also measured the subjects’ eye movements, focusing on where they were looking. Rather than analyzing the amount of time and the movements of their entire bodies in each work process, instead, we focused on the movements of their line of sight when working. Thus, we compared where each of the subjects was watching and the order in which they watched them. Furthermore, as well as the movement of their line of sight, we also focused on how they moved their hands when conducting the work and investigated the coordination of all of the subjects when working. Based on the fact that there were differences in the accuracy of the preforms, it is clear that manufacturing preforms is not a general concept in which the technique is handed down. While optimizing the creation of systems, work instruction manuals and tools which produce exactly the same accuracy, regardless of the worker manufacturing the preform, we will continue to conduct research that leads to the development of automated production technology.
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Hara, Susumu, Yoji Yamada, Koji Ito, and Yoshifumi Morita. "Vibration Control of Structures Taking Power Assisted Conveyance Into Account." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10359.
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In order to reduce physical burden of workers on conveying and mounting works in industries, power assist devices have been introduced. In many conventional power assist devices, controlled objects are assumed as rigid bodies. The vibration control technique for handling flexible structures has not been fully addressed yet. This paper presents an effective vibration control method for conveying mechanical structures with power assist. In this study, the power assist is realized by an impedance control method. If the impedance characteristics of the power assisted object are perfectly controlled by the impedance control, the impedance characteristics are known and correspond to the dynamic characteristics of the disturbance for the vibration control. Then, this study adopts the disturbance accommodated LQ optimal control method for the vibration control problem. A cart with a one-degree-of-freedom vibration system is selected as a controlled object example. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulations.
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Bujnak, Jan, and Petra Bujnakova. "Structural Failure Studies." In IABSE Workshop, Helsinki 2017: Ignorance, Uncertainty, and Human Errors in Structural Engineering. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/helsinki.2017.109.
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Case studies of structure failures due to accidental actions are presented in the paper. Bad design does not mean only errors of computation, but incorrect theories or confidence in inaccurate data. The bridge structure failure during concrete pouring due to combination of the above reasons proves this statement. The next example of a sufficiently designed and constructed temporary platform illustrates importance of proper operations. Even an excellently constructed hall could not stand on bad foundations. Some failures are not the result of poor project, but the consequence of unforeseen events that create uncommon loads on structures. But, the main goal of the paper is to help construction engineers, workers, project managers, and regulatory bodies identify problems in construction design, project execution and management of field engineering practise.
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Gera, Prerna, Sayan Sarkar, Rameshwaranand Jha, Rishi Raj, Rishi Bardhan, Vikas, and Siddharth Gupta. "Design, Fabrication and Industrial Application of a Miniature Hovercraft." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86177.
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The difficult lives of workers in a manufacturing industry can be improved by the use of a simple ‘Hovercraft’. This vehicle runs on air from the pressure lines in any industry. Since there is zero resistance between the smooth surface and the craft, the effort to move very heavy bodies is reduced significantly. The craft with a specially designed skirting shape will allow it to lift the load placed on it with ease. There would be eddy formation and stability would need to be taken into account. Hovercraft has been designed before but its application in industries is of the level of innovation (atleast in India for the moment). Many shapes of the hovercraft can be used and experimented with, but we have mainly stuck to the rectangular one. This technology will be very cheap and will sort out a lot of problems in industries. It will save a chunk of the transportation money. Braking is a big problem in the design, but can be overcome by new types of brakes. As the load taken by the hovercraft is proportional to the size, space limitations also imply. So in all it will, as stated earlier, save time, money and energy of the workers.
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Camci, C., G. Glezer, J. M. Owen, R. G. Pilbrow, and B. J. Syson. "Application of Thermochromic Liquid Crystal to Rotating Surfaces." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-138.
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Encapsulated thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) can be used to measure the surface temperature of stationary or rotating bodies. However, some research workers have reported a “rotational shift”; when the temperature of a rotating body is measured by thermocouples and TLC, there is a difference between the two sets of temperatures, and this difference increases with increasing rotational speed. Two research groups (Camci and Glezer in the USA, and Owen, Pilbrow and Syson in the UK) have independently examined the effect of speed on TLC applied to the surfaces of rotating disks. The USA group used narrow-band TLC on a disk of 305-mm diameter rotating up to 7500 rev/min, measuring the surface temperature using an infra-red (IR) sensor. The UK group used wide-band TLC on a disk of 580-mm diameter rotating up to 7000 rev/min, measuring the temperature with an IR thermal imager. Both groups used the so-called hue technique to evaluate the temperature of the TLC and concluded that, even for centripetal accelerations in excess of 104g, there is no significant effect of rotational speed on either narrow-band or wide-band TLC. It is suggested that the “rotational shift” observed by some researchers was probably caused by thermal-disturbance errors, which affected the thermocouples, rather than by changes in the TLC.
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Walker, Gareth, Nick Jefferies, Matt Lennard, and Jeremy Lightfoot. "Cone Penetration Testing of Radiologically Contaminated Burial Trenches." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16086.
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Golder Associates (UK) Ltd, in partnership with Serco Assurance (Serco), undertook targeted cone penetration testing (CPT) of a series of six parallel on-site burial trenches on a nuclear licensed site in the UK. The form and concentration of radioactive and chemical material within the trenches is unknown. CPT was used to confirm the location of the bund walls and to characterise the material within the trenches. The CPT technique involves hydraulically pushing rods fitted with specialist characterisation “cones” into the ground. CPT generates no solid or liquid waste, and allowed rapid investigation of the trenches and bunds while ensuring exposure of radiation and contamination to workers was kept to a minimum, or removed in entirety. As a result of the unknown nature of radiological contamination within the trenches and the potential of introducing contamination into the inside of the CPT truck, a purpose-built extraction rig was constructed to withdraw the CPT equipment from the ground. Extraction of the equipment assumed airborne radioactive contamination was a potential hazard. The CPT locations selected for the investigation were based on non-intrusive geophysical survey work and a radiation survey, which identified the approximate location of the trenches, anomalies within the material (e.g. metallic objects), and radiation hotspots. The results of the geophysical surveys were overlaid with the original as-built drawings of the trenches. During the investigation the following investigation cones were deployed: • Resistance/friction cone, which determines geology through measurement of the friction on the sleeve of the cone and resistance on the tip of the cone; this was used to investigate the geology of the bunds. • Total gamma cone, which was used to obtain total gamma radiation results (in counts per second); • Groundwater sampler (BAT Sampler™), which was used to obtain a water sample from beneath the trenches; • Video cone, which was used to obtain a visual recording of the material within the trenches; and • Conductivity cone, which was used to investigate the presence of and depth to bodies of water below ground level (e.g. perched water, regional groundwater). The investigation collected essential data from an area of the site that had not previously been investigated, while minimising potential radiological exposure to all workers, and producing no investigation-derived waste. The investigation therefore confirmed the efficacy of cone penetration testing as a valid site investigation technique in a high hazard area. The data acquired from the CPT investigation and geophysical investigation also allowed boreholes to be sited in the bund walls between the trenches. Siting of the boreholes was a major risk for the project and presented a significant potential hazard. Golder has successfully used CPT on nuclear sites in the UK: as an innovative site investigation technique to facilitate radiological characterisation of an area with variable ground conditions; to investigate organic solvent plumes; and for the installation of blind tubes as a way of conducting subsurface radiation surveys and as part of a leak detection system (work in progress in partnership with Serco).
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Roberts, Ruby, Rhona Flin, and Luca Corradi. "Accelerating Technology Adoption: A Benchmarking Study of Organisational Innovation Adoption Culture in Upstream Oil and Gas." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205448-ms.
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Abstract Working towards a net zero future requires change and adaptation from us all. Innovation offers many potential solutions on how to successfully make that change within the oil and gas industry. Consequently, maximising the value that technological innovation presents is vital for delivering a sustainable net zero. Yet, the oil and gas industry has developed a reputation for being conservative and reluctant to adopt new technology, with companies sometimes referred to as "fast followers". In recent years, the industry has begun to change with an incremental increase in innovation activities. Despite these efforts, and a need to accelerate innovation, there appears to be a resistance to adopt new technology. Evidence from O&G industry bodies indicate that psychological factors play a key role in technology adoption; not surprisingly, as workers, managers, investors, and regulators can all have a powerful influence on an organisation's receptivity to new technology. Recent research has provided insight into the psychological factors that influence technology uptake decisions in the oil and gas industry. Through a series of studies, the psychological technology adoption framework (P-TAF) was developed which outlined the 15 key psychological factors that influence technology adoption decisions. These are organised into 6 categories: personality, attitudes, motivations, cognitive factors, social factors, and organisational level factors. The work emphasised the influence that overarching organisational culture can have on how people respond to and introduce technology within their company. Whilst technology readiness levels are commonly applied to start-ups and their innovations, less is known about the readiness culture which facilitates innovation uptake. To bridge this gap, a preliminary measure of organisational innovation adoption culture was developed as based upon the previous psychological research, empirical innovation measures, and organisational culture models. This was piloted as an online survey with 36 people working in the technology space in O&G in June 2020. These results were used to later refine the culture measure to develop a 33-item scale consisting of eight categories. This new measure was deployed as part of an industry benchmarking study of innovation adoption culture within O&G consisting of 82 managers from 12 companies and in December 2020. Participating organisations were given the opportunity to receive a snapshot of their technology adoption culture. An overview of the measure and a summary of survey results will be given during the presentation as well as recommendations on how to support an innovation adoption culture. A considerable volume of new technology needs to be developed and adopted to be able to reach net zero and understanding the psychological and cultural barriers is imperative to delivering that.
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Koc, Ilteris, Colin P. Britcher, and Sinan Eren Yalcin. "Phase Averaged Velocity Fields for Bluff Bodies Using a PIV System." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67587.
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Two phase-averaging methods are presented for the investigation of periodic flows. First, an implementation of an angular triggering technique, the Predictive Angular Triggering Technique (PATT), uses the flow frequency and phase information to predict a future trigger point to record for PIV images. Second, the Tracking Triggering Technique (TTT) uses the detection of the PIV laser signal’s pulse occurrence, then tags each PIV image with the angular position at its measurement time, allowing grouping into angular slots or bins. These two methods have been applied first on a spinning plate where the physical location of the plate could be measured. Results proved that the phase averaging system worked effectively. Later a circular cylinder at Re 105000 is used to observe the wake vortex structure. Here, the phase information was derived from flow measurements, specifically a hot wire in the wake. Evolution of the classical vortex street for the cylinder was successfully observed.
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Green, Itzhak. "On the Kinematics and Kinetics of Mechanical Seals, Rotors, and Wobbling Bodies." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64122.
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Mechanical seals, rotors, and wobbling bodies are characterized by a kinematical constraint that prevents them from having integral motion with respect to their own frame. A valid kinematical model is a prerequisite to subsequent dynamic analyses. Three previous works have suggested distinctly different kinematical models to the same problem. The analysis herein presents yet another kinematical model that preserves (actually enforces) the proper kinematical constraint. The outcome reaffirms one of the previous models. The equations of motion are derived using Lagrange’s equations to complement results obtained previously by Newton-Euler mechanics.
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Mitrović, Ljubinko, and Predrag Raosavljević. "HUMAN RIGHTS OMBUDSMEN IN THE PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES IN PROTECTION OF VULNERABLE GROUPS." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18353.
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Pandemic of virus COVID-19 posed numerous and unprecedented challenges to citizens and authorities which required shift in behavior and actions of all segments of society. Representing Ombudsmen Institution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, authors shared their experience in monitoring implementation of the decisions of all levels of government and presented challenges in striking the right balance between interests of public health and protection of rights of vulnerable groups. Public authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina have passed emergency measures aimed at containing the spread of virus, but some of them failed to maintain human rights standards. Following the decisions of crisis centers to limit the freedom of movement, it was necessary to secure rights of children to education, protection from domestic violence and neglect in the family context. In introducing online education, authorities were asked to adapt recognition and grading system to the children in different conditions and circumstances, especially to the children with difficulties in development, children living in poverty and on margins of society such as Roma children or those living in institutions. Ombudsmen Institution registered increase in the number of domestic violence cases because measures limiting freedom of movement had impact on victims' ability to seek help from trusted sources, usually members of immediate family or representatives of law enforcement agencies. Having in mind that large number of citizens could not afford access to the official gazettes in any form, Ombudsmen requested that all enacted legislation be accessible online recommended that the decision banning reporters from conferences be reconsidered, guided by the right of citizens to be informed of their government actions. Examining the practice of placing COVID stickers on mail by the Post Office, Ombudsmen issued recommendation to stop such practice as it was deemed disproportional to the right to privacy and protection of personal data, while the protection of postal workers could have been ensured by other protective measures. It also became evident that national budgetary capacities had to be increased in order to prevent deterioration in provision of basic public services such as health and social protection, since economic consequences of the pandemic were disproportionally felt by the groups exposed to poverty, such as Roma, refugees or migrants. Drawing conclusion from concrete cases, authors offer review of particular emergency measures, analyze their adequacy, justifiability and timeliness, while presenting authorities’ response to Ombudsmen’s findings in formulating more adequate and efficient but, at the same time, least intrusive measures taken in response to the disaster. In search of common response to such widespread phenomenon, governments should recognize the intention of Ombudsmen Institutions to be in „permanent session“ over protection of vulnerable groups and should more actively involve it in discussions on emergency measures and their effect on human rights and freedoms. It proved to be better suited to act quickly, to apply more effective remedies and to correct government actions thanks to its knowledge of the local context than traditional institutions for protection of human rights, such as constitutional courts, international courts or treaty bodies.
Reports on the topic "Workers' bodies"
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Babu M.G., Sarath, Debjani Ghosh, Jaideep Gupte, Md Asif Raza, Eric Kasper, and Priyanka Mehra. Kerala’s Grass-roots-led Pandemic Response: Deciphering the Strength of Decentralisation. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.049.
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This paper presents an analysis of the role of decentralised institutions to understand the learning and challenges of the grass-roots-led pandemic response of Kerala. The study is based on interviews with experts and frontline workers to ensure the representation of all stakeholders dealing with the outbreak, from the state level to the household level, and a review of published government orders, health guidelines, and news articles. The outcome of the study shows that along with the decentralised system of governance, the strong grass-roots-level network of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) workers, volunteer groups, and Kudumbashree members played a pivotal role in pandemic management in the state. The efficient functioning of local bodies in the state, experience gained from successive disasters, and the Nipah outbreak naturally aided grass-roots-level actions. The lessons others can draw from Kerala are the importance of public expenditure on health, investment for building social capital, and developing the local self-delivery system.
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Orr, Kyla, Ali McKnight, Kathryn Logan, and Hannah Ladd-Jones. Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data System (SIFIDS): work package 7 final report engagement with inshore fisheries to promote and inform. Edited by Mark James. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23453.
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[Extract from Executive Summary] This report documents Work Package 7 of the Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data Systems (SIFIDS) Project, which was designed to facilitate engagement with the key stakeholders including; inshore fishers, their representative bodies, Regional Inshore Fisheries Groups, Marine Scotland including Policy, Compliance and Science. The SIFIDS Project focused on 12 metre and under inshore fisheries vessels, of which around 1,500 are registered in Scotland including those that work part-time or seasonally. The facilitation team was set various targets for engagement based on the requirements of other work packages. The success of the overall project was dependent to a significant extent on securing voluntary engagement and input from working fishers. Previous experience has shown that having a dedicated project facilitation team is an extremely effective model for establishing the necessary trust to encourage industry-participation in projects such as this. The WP7 facilitation team comprised three individuals who have significant marine and fisheries related experience and wide-ranging skills in communications and stakeholder engagement. They worked together flexibly on a part-time basis, ensuring staffing cover over extended hours where required to match fishers’ availability and geographical coverage over Scotland.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Mayas, Magda. Creating with timbre. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.686088.
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Unfolding processes of timbre and memory in improvisational piano performance This exposition is an introduction to my research and practice as a pianist, in which I unfold processes of timbre and memory in improvised music from a performer’s perspective. Timbre is often understood as a purely sonic perceptual phenomenon. However, this is not in accordance with a site-specific improvisational practice with changing spatial circumstances impacting the listening experience, nor does it take into account the agency of the instrument and objects used or the performer’s movements and gestures. In my practice, I have found a concept as part of the creating process in improvised music which has compelling potential: Timbre orchestration. My research takes the many and complex aspects of a performance environment into account and offers an extended understanding of timbre, which embraces spatial, material and bodily aspects of sound in improvised music performance. The investigative projects described in this exposition offer a methodology to explore timbral improvisational processes integrated into my practice, which is further extended through collaborations with sound engineers, an instrument builder and a choreographer: -experiments in amplification and recording, resulting in Memory piece, a series of works for amplified piano and multichannel playback - Piano mapping, a performance approach, with a custom-built device for live spatialization as means to expand and deepen spatio-timbral relationships; - Accretion, a project with choreographer Toby Kassell for three grand pianos and a pianist, where gestural approaches are used to activate and compose timbre in space. Together, the projects explore memory as a structural, reflective and performative tool and the creation of performing and listening modes as integrated parts of timbre orchestration. Orchestration and choreography of timbre turn into an open and hybrid compositional approach, which can be applied to various contexts, engaging with dynamic relationships and re-configuring them.
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Phillips, Jake. Understanding the impact of inspection on probation. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu.hkcij.05.2021.
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This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.