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Journal articles on the topic 'Working memory span'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Turner, Marilyn L., and Randall W. Engle. "Working Memory Capacity." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 13 (1986): 1273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603001307.

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Recent researchers have attempted to correlate measures of working memory (WM) with measures of higher level cognitive skills and abilities focusing on the functions of this limited capacity system, i.e., processing and storage. Relationships between three span measures of the functional model of WM capacity and two measures of reading comprehension were investigated. The magnitude of the correlations found between reading comprehension and the two spans embedded in reading processing tasks was similar to that of the correlation found between a third span measure embedded in a quantitative tas

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Smith, Rebekah E., Deborah Persyn, and Patrick Butler. "Prospective Memory, Personality, and Working Memory." Zeitschrift für Psychologie 219, no. 2 (2011): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000055.

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Prospective memory (PM) involves remembering to perform an action in the future. The current study applies a multinomial model to investigate the contribution of individual differences in personality, as well as individual differences in working memory (WM) span, to performance in an event-based PM task. The model includes a parameter P that measures the prospective component, or remembering that something is to be done. The model also includes a parameter M that measures the ability to discriminate between target and non-target events, part of the retrospective component of PM tasks. The mode

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Smyth, Mary M., and Lindsay R. Pendleton. "Working Memory for Movements." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 41, no. 2 (1989): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748908402363.

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Movement to spatial targets that can, in principle, be carried out by more than one effector can be distinguished from movements that involve specific configurations of body parts. The experiments reported here investigate memory span for a series of hand configurations and memory span for a series of hand movements to spatial locations. Spans were produced normally, or in conditions in which a suppression task was carried out on the right or the left hand while the movements to be remembered were presented. All movements were recalled using the right hand. There were two suppression tasks. On

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Kunimi, Mitsunobu, and Haruyuki Kojima. "The Effects of Processing Speed and Memory Span on Working Memory." GeroPsych 27, no. 3 (2014): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000109.

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This study examined the processing speed and memory span of young adults and older people using tasks based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III, Wechsler, 1997 ). By comparing the data obtained from these tasks, we examined the effects of processing speed and memory span on working memory (WM). In addition, this study examined how presentation modality and the subject’s age are related to WM. Multiple regression analysis of the effect of memory span for each presentation modality used processing time as a factor to predict the WM span of various age groups. The result was tw

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Barreyro, Juan Pablo, Irene Injoque-Ricle, Jesica Formoso, and Debora Inés Burin. "Validez y confiabilidad de la prueba Running Memory Span." Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento 7, no. 3 (2015): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.v7.n3.11509.

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The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Running Memory Span Task. This task is a standard measure to assess working memory. The task was administered in a single session to 106 undergraduate students, along with other working memory tests: the reading span task, the digit span task and the no-words span task. The Running Memory Span Task showed a good reliability index (Cronbach’s alpha = .78, Kuder Richardson = .79). It presents positive and significant correlations with the rest of the verbal working memory tasks, and the confirmatory factor analysis showed that de Running Memory

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Baddeley, A., R. Logie, S. Bressi, S. Della Sala, and H. Spinnler. "Dementia and Working Memory." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 38, no. 4 (1986): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748608401616.

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This study explored the hypothesis that patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) are particularly impaired in the functioning of the Central Executive component of working memory, and that this will be reflected in the capacity of patients to perform simultaneously two concurrent tasks. DAT patients, age-matched controls and young controls were required to combine performance on a tracking task with each of three concurrent tasks, articulatory suppression, simple reaction time to a tone and auditory digit span. The difficulty of the tracking task and length of digit sequenc

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Heled, Eyal, and Ohad Levi. "Aging’s Effect on Working Memory—Modality Comparison." Biomedicines 12, no. 4 (2024): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040835.

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Research exploring the impact of development and aging on working memory (WM) has primarily concentrated on visual and verbal domains, with limited attention paid to the tactile modality. The current study sought to evaluate WM encompassing storage and manipulation across these three modalities, spanning from childhood to old age. The study included 134 participants, divided into four age groups: 7–8, 11–12, 25–35, and 60–69. Each participant completed the Visuospatial Span, Digit Span, and Tactual Span, with forward and backward recall. The findings demonstrated a consistent trend in both for

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Perlow, Richard, and Mia Jattuso. "A Comparison of Computation Span and Reading Span Working Memory Measures’ Relations With Problem-Solving Criteria." Psychological Reports 121, no. 3 (2017): 430–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294117729183.

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Researchers have operationalized working memory in different ways and although working memory–performance relationships are well documented, there has been relatively less attention devoted to determining whether seemingly similar measures yield comparable relations with performance outcomes. Our objective is to assess whether two working memory measures deploying the same processes but different item content yield different relations with two problem-solving criteria. Participants completed a computation-based working memory measure and a reading-based measure prior to performing a computeriz

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Tan, Alexandra S. L., Regine C. Lau, Peter J. Anderson, et al. "Exploring Working Memory Capacity and Efficiency Processes to Understand Working Memory Training Outcomes in Primary School Children." Journal of Cognition 7, no. 1 (2024): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/joc.348.

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Despite the abundance of research evaluating working memory training outcomes in children, few studies have examined the underlying cognitive mechanisms. This study aimed to contribute understanding by exploring whether working memory capacity (maximum span) and/or efficiency (basic and cognitive processing speeds), two proposed cognitive mechanisms, are associated with children’s working memory performance immediately and 6-months post-intervention. We used data from a previous trial in primary school children (7–11 years) who completed working memory training (n = 52) or an active control (n

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Conlin, Juliet A., Susan E. Gathercole, and John W. Adams. "Stimulus similarity decrements in children's working memory span." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 58, no. 8 (2005): 1434–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000683.

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Two experiments investigated the impact of the relationship between processing and storage stimuli on the working memory span task performance of children aged 7 and 9 years of age. In Experiment 1, two types of span task were administered (sentence span and operation span), and participants were required to recall either the products of the processing task (sentence-final word, arithmetic total) or a word or digit unrelated to the processing task. Experiment 2 contrasted sentence span and operation span combined with storage of either words or digits, in tasks in which the item to be remember

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Lanfranchi, Silvia, Cesare Cornoldi, and Renzo Vianello. "Working Memory Deficits in Individuals with and without Mental Retardation." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 2, no. 3 (2002): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/194589502787383236.

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The authors critically examine the issue of working memory in mental retardation. Different outcomes reported in the literature could be due to the different aspects of working memory tested. It was hypothesized that working memory functions can be distinguished according to a control continuum: a deficit of an individual with mental retardation in working memory tasks should be more evident to the extent to which they require higher control. 30 individuals with mental retardation, aged between 7 and 17, with a mean mental age of 5 years 6 months, and 30 children without mental retardation, ma

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Siegel, Linda S. "Working Memory and Reading: A Life-span Perspective." International Journal of Behavioral Development 17, no. 1 (1994): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549401700107.

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The relationships among working memory, memory span, and reading skills were studied in 1266 individuals, aged 6-49. They were administered tests of word recognition, pseudoword decoding, reading comprehension, a working memory (listening span) task that required the simultaneous processing of syntax and the recall of linguistic information, and a short-term memory task that required the recall of rhyming or nonrhyming letters presented visually. The results indicated that there is a gradual growth in the development of working memory skills from ages 6 to 19 and a gradual decline after adoles

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Towse, John N., Graham J. Hitch, Zoë Hamilton, Kirsty Peacock, and Una M. Z. Hutton. "Working Memory Period: The Endurance of Mental Representations." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 58, no. 3 (2005): 547–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980443000098.

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Working memory span assesses the maximum number of items that can be remembered in the face of concurrent processing. Models of working memory differ on several dimensions, yet many rely exclusively on this span procedure for their evidence. Three experiments consider an alternative paradigm that attempts to capture the endurance limits for remembering a fixed number of items during concurrent processing. Eight-year-old children performed two versions of this working memory period measure—operation period and reading period. Period scores show healthy test–retest reliability and external valid

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Chow, Michael, Brooke N. Macnamara, and Andrew R. A. Conway. "Phonological similarity in working memory span tasks." Memory & Cognition 44, no. 6 (2016): 937–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0609-8.

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Morra, Sergio, Elena Gandolfi, Sabrina Panesi, and Laura Prandelli. "A working memory span task for toddlers." Infant Behavior and Development 63 (May 2021): 101550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101550.

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Radvansky, Gabriel A., and David E. Copeland. "Working Memory Span and Situation Model Processing." American Journal of Psychology 117, no. 2 (2004): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4149022.

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Pichora-Fuller, Margaret K., and Sherri L. Smith. "Auditory processing demands and working memory span." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 136, no. 4 (2014): 2292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4900287.

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Duff, Simon C., and Robert H. Logie. "Processing and Storage in Working Memory Span." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 54, no. 1 (2001): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980042000011.

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Craik, Fergus I. M., Ellen Bialystok, Susan Gillingham, and Donald T. Stuss. "Alpha span: A measure of working memory." Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale 72, no. 3 (2018): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cep0000143.

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Brébion, G., C. Stephan-Otto, E. Huerta-Ramos, et al. "Decreased processing speed might account for working memory span deficit in schizophrenia, and might mediate the associations between working memory span and clinical symptoms." European Psychiatry 29, no. 8 (2014): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.02.009.

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AbstractObjectiveVerbal working memory span is decreased in patients with schizophrenia, and this might contribute to impairment in higher cognitive functions as well as to the formation of certain clinical symptoms. Processing speed has been identified as a crucial factor in cognitive efficiency in this population. We tested the hypothesis that decreased processing speed underlies the verbal working memory deficit in patients and mediates the associations between working memory span and clinical symptoms.MethodForty-nine schizophrenia inpatients recruited from units for chronic and acute pati

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Bae, Munjung, and Cheol Ja Jeong. "The role of working memory capacity in interpreting performance." Translation, Cognition & Behavior 4, no. 1 (2021): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00050.bae.

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Abstract This study aims to examine the relationship between working memory (WM) capacity and the performance of student interpreters defined as the quality of their interpreting output. To measure WM capacity, we administered Korean and English reading span tasks, and an operation span task. The WM scores were analysed for correlation with simultaneous interpreting (SI) and consecutive interpreting (CI) scores. The results were mixed: (1) the CI score showed no correlation with any of the WM span tasks and (2) the SI score correlated with only one WM span task, the operation span task. Given

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Lecerf, Thierry, and Jean-Luc Roulin. "Distinction between Visuo-Spatial Short-Term-Memory and Working Memory Span Tasks." Swiss Journal of Psychology 65, no. 1 (2006): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185.65.1.37.

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Six experiments are presented that examined the constraints underlying performance in two visuo-spatial span tasks. In the Location Span Test (LST), participants have to memorize the cells of a 5×5 matrix containing arrows, while in the Direction Span Test (DST) they have to memorize the cells pointed at by arrows. The main objective was to assess whether both tasks were similarly influenced by experimental factors. Results showed that performance improved with longer encoding time (1-s. vs. 3-s) only for the DST. Maintenance interval (0-s vs. 5-s) and order of item difficulty (ascending vs. d

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Pastura, Giuseppe, Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo, Maria Angélica Regalla, et al. "Working memory and left medial temporal cortical thickness." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 74, no. 10 (2016): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20160123.

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ABSTRACT Objective To perform a pilot study to investigate the association between working memory and cortical thickness in a sample of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children. Methods Seventeen children aged 7-10 years diagnosed with ADHD and 16 healthy children underwent a magnetic resonance scan for cortical thickness measurements. Data was correlated with working memory performance using the Backwards Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Results Working memory impairment, evidenced by lower scores on the Backwards Digit Span, was observed in

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Stout, J. C., D. P. Salmon, N. Butters, et al. "Decline in working memory associated with HIV infection." Psychological Medicine 25, no. 6 (1995): 1221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700033195.

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SynopsisHIV infection has been associated with decline in a number of cognitive functions that are components of ‘working memory’. Thus, tests of working memory that require the interaction of these components may be particularly sensitive to cognitive dysfunction that arises from HIV infection. To assess this possibility, working memory was examined in 147 HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and 38 HIV-seronegative (HIV−) males using the Reading Span Test and the Digit Span subtest from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R). Speed of information processing, a component of some working memory tasks, w

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Talamini, Francesca, Barbara Carretti, and Massimo Grassi. "The Working Memory of Musicians and Nonmusicians." Music Perception 34, no. 2 (2016): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2016.34.2.183.

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Musicians have superior performances compared to nonmusicians in many auditory perception tasks. This superiority extends to memory tasks such as the digit span. Literature suggests that the musicians’ advantage unfolds along two axes: sensory modality (musicians perform better when the task is auditory) and task complexity (musicians tend to perform better in the forward and not — for example — backward digit span). In addition, it is unclear whether there are specific music abilities linked with improved performance in the digit span. Here, musicians and nonmusicians performed a digit span t

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Nicoladis, Elena, and Rielle Gagnon. "Towards a reliable measure of motor working memory: revisiting Wu and Coulson's (2014) movement span task." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 9 (2020): 200237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200237.

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Some researchers have argued that motor working memory is relatively independent from visuospatial working memory and underlies the learning and processing of motor tasks, like gesture comprehension. To allow systematic testing of these claims, Wu & Coulson 2014 Psychol. Sci. 26 , 1717–1727. ( doi:10.1177/0956797615597671 ) proposed a novel measure of motor working memory, the movement span task. Some studies have reported that the movement span task has a high degree of validity. The purpose of the present study was to attempt to replicate Wu & Coulson 2014 Psychol. Sci. 26 , 1717–172

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Atkins, Paul W. B., and Alan D. Baddeley. "Working memory and distributed vocabulary learning." Applied Psycholinguistics 19, no. 4 (1998): 537–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400010353.

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ABSTRACTThis study tested the hypothesis that individual differences in immediate verbal memory span would predict success in second language vocabulary acquisition. The subjects learned 56 English–Finnish translations during two sessions using a method in which they were encouraged to distribute their learning and to use semantic encoding strategies where appropriate. Verbal, but not visuo-spatial, memory span was correlated with the rate of vocabulary learning, a result that could not have occurred because of immediate retrieval from a short-term buffer. When tested one week later, the subje

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Kotyusov, Alexander I., Dauren Kasanov, Alexandra I. Kosachenko, Anastasia S. Gashkova, Yuri G. Pavlov, and Sergey Malykh. "Working Memory Capacity Depends on Attention Control, but Not Selective Attention." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13020092.

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Working memory and attention are interrelated constructs that are sometimes even considered indistinguishable. Since attention is not a uniform construct, it is possible that different types of attention affect working memory capacity differently. To clarify this issue, we investigated the relationship between working memory capacity and various components of attention. The sample consisted of 136 healthy adult participants aged 18 to 37 years (M = 20.58, SD = 2.74). Participants performed tasks typically used to assess working memory (operation span, change detection, simple digit span, and a

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Smyth, Mary M., Norma A. Pearson, and Lindsay R. Pendleton. "Movement and Working Memory: Patterns and Positions in Space." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 40, no. 3 (1988): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724988843000041.

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Five experiments are reported in which subjects were asked to remember short, visually presented sequences of whole body movement patterns, words, and spatial positions. The items were recalled in order in a memory span paradigm. During presentation of the items to be remembered subjects simply watched, or they carried out a concurrent activity involving articulatory suppression, movement to external spatial targets, or body-related movement. When the movement patterns to be remembered were familiar to subjects, movement span was not disrupted by articulatory suppression or movement to spatial

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Roome, Hannah E., John N. Towse, and Maria M. Crespo-Llado. "Contextual support for children’s recall within working memory." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 6 (2018): 1364–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818804440.

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Measures of working memory capacity (WMC) are extremely popular, yet we know relatively little about the specific processes that support recall. We focused on children’s and adults’ ability to use contextual support to access working memory representations that might otherwise not be reported. Children ( N = 186, 5-10 years) and adults ( N = 64) completed a listening span task and a delayed recall task with semantic probes or cues. Clear age-related increases in listening span were evident. All age groups benefitted from contextual support to retrieve degraded target memoranda, particularly on

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Magimairaj, Beula M., and James W. Montgomery. "Examining the Relative Contribution of Memory Updating, Attention Focus Switching, and Sustained Attention to Children’s Verbal Working Memory Span." Child Development Research 2013 (April 10, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/763808.

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Whereas considerable developmental memory research has examined the contributions of short-term memory, processing efficiency, retention duration, and scope of attention to complex memory span, little is known about the influence of controlled attention. The present study investigated the relative influence of three understudied attention mechanisms on the verbal working memory span of school-age children: memory updating; attention focus switching; and sustained attention. Results of general linear modeling revealed that, after controlling for age, only updating accuracy emerged as a signific

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Brumback, Carrie R., Kathy A. Low, Gabriele Gratton, and Monica Fabiani. "Putting Things into Perspective." Experimental Psychology 52, no. 1 (2005): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.52.1.21.

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Abstract. An important function of working memory is the integration of incoming information into an appropriate model of the contextual situation. We hypothesized that individual variability in working-memory function (estimated using Engle’s operation-span measure) may lead to differential reactivity to a changing context. We recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and reaction-time measures to stimuli embedded in long stimulus series (two auditory discrimination tasks), and examined the participants’ responses in relation to how the current stimuli fit with the context generated by t

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Kessels, Roy P. C., Anouk Overbeek, and Zita Bouman. "Assessment of verbal and visuospatial working memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 9, no. 3 (2015): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642015dn93000014.

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In addition to episodic memory impairment, working memory may also be compromised in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's dementia (AD), but standard verbal and visuospatial span tasks do not always detect impairments. Objective: To examine whether more complex verbal and visuospatial working memory tasks result in more reliable impairment detection. Methods: The Digit Span (forward, backward and sequencing), Spatial Span (forward and backward) and Spatial Addition test from the Wechsler batteries were administered to MCI and AD patients and performance compared to healthy older adul

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Ellis, Derek M., B. Hunter Ball, Nicole Kimpton, and Gene A. Brewer. "The role of working memory capacity in analytic and multiply-constrained problem-solving in demanding situations." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, no. 6 (2020): 920–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820909703.

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Working memory processes are important for analytic problem-solving; however, their role in multiply-constrained problem-solving is currently debated. This study explored individual differences in working memory and successful completion of analytic and multiply-constrained problem-solving by having participants solve algebra and compound remote associate (CRAT) problems of varying difficulty under low and high memory demand conditions. Working memory was predictive of both algebra and multiply-constrained problem-solving. Specifically, participants with high working memory solved more problem

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Jaafari, N., M. Frasca, F. Rigalleau, et al. "Forgetting What You Have Checked: A Link Between Working Memory Impairment and Checking Behaviors in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." European Psychiatry 28, no. 2 (2011): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2011.07.001.

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AbstractBackgroundCompulsive checking behaviors are common in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Several authors have suggested that these checking rituals could be related to memory deficits. Our aim was to test whether patients with OCD show working memory impairment in relation to their checking behavior.MethodsWe evaluated the verbal and visuospatial components of patients’ and controls’ working memory using the reading span and backward location span tests. Checking behaviors were measured by recording participants’ eye movements during an image comparison task using a non-invasive, inf

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van den Noort, Maurits W. M. L., Peggy Bosch, and Kenneth Hugdahl. "Foreign Language Proficiency and Working Memory Capacity." European Psychologist 11, no. 4 (2006): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.11.4.289.

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In this study, the hypothesis that working memory capacity interacts with (foreign) language proficiency was tested on multilinguals, who were native (L1) Dutch speakers, were fluent in their second (L2) language, German, and had recently started the acquisition of their third (L3) language, Norwegian. So far, the results of second-language studies on simple and complex working-memory tasks are mixed. In previous second-language studies, however, languages that belong to different linguistic groups were used. The question arises whether the interaction between working memory capacity and langu

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Khorasani, Amir Hamzeh, Maria E. Aguilar Vafaei, Vahid Nejati, and Hamidreza Hassan Abadi. "Role of Working Memory Updating and Working Memory Capacity in Moderating the Relationship between Impulsivity with Propensity of Risk Taking Behaviors and Decision Making in Boy Adolescents." Asian Social Science 12, no. 11 (2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n11p37.

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<p class="a"><span lang="EN-US">In this research, authors examine how individual differences in working memory capacity and Working Memory updating influence differences in impulsivity in risky decision making and behaviors. This study makes attempt to address extension of related works on the relationship between working memory, impulsivity and risky decision making and behaviors in adolescents. A large sample (420) of boy secondary grade students involved in this research; this study indicated that working memory capacity and updating Working Memory moderate some of impulsivity a

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Levi, Ohad, and Eyal Heled. "Aging Processes of Working Memory in Different Modalities." Neurology International 16, no. 5 (2024): 1122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint16050084.

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Background: Working memory (WM) involves temporarily storing and manipulating information. Research on the impact of aging on WM has shown inconsistent results regarding the decline in visual and verbal WM, with a lack of studies on tactile WM. This study aimed to assess the effects of aging on WM across verbal, visuospatial, and tactile modalities using span tasks of forward (storage) and backward (manipulation) stages. Methods: A total of 130 participants, divided into four age groups of 20–29, 60–69, 70–79, and 80–89, completed the Digit, Visuospatial, and Tactual Spans. Performance was ana

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Lecerf, Thierry, and Jean-Luc Roulin. "Individual Differences in Visuospatial Working Memory Capacity and Distractor Inhibition." Swiss Journal of Psychology 68, no. 2 (2009): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185.68.2.67.

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Studies examining individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) show differences between individuals with low-WMC and individuals with high-WMC. This extreme-group design was used to address relationships between individual differences in visuospatial WMC and distractor inhibition. We examined the patterns of errors made on two visuospatial working-memory span tasks (selective matrix task, visual matrix task). We recorded intrusion errors as indicators of inefficient inhibitory mechanisms, and spatial errors as indicators of degraded memory traces. Results indicate that on both tasks

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Wang, Zhao-Xin, Zhuang-Wei Xiao, Da-Ren Zhang, Chun-Yu Liang, and John X. Zhang. "Verbal working memory deficits in abstinent heroin abusers." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 20, no. 5 (2008): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00293.x.

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Background:A prevailing belief is that opioids tend not to impair cognitive performance in opioid-dependent users. However, the impact of heroin abuse on verbal memory, especially on working memory, is not well studied and the results available are inconsistent.Objective:This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that abstinent heroin abusers have intact working memory capacity.Methods:N-back task and backward digit span task were used to measure the verbal working memory capacity in 28 abstinent heroin abusers and 25 controls matched for age, education level and gender. Forward digit s

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Nobuki, Watanabe. "Activation of the Anterior Prefrontal Cortex by Abacus Activity in Children: A Case Study on the Effect of Moderate Load Training on Working Memory." International Journal of Psychological Studies 15, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v15n1p1.

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Much attention has been paid to the enhancement of working memory, which can improve children&rsquo;s lives. Part of the value of working memory training is that it activates the prefrontal cortex. Therefore, it is important to determine the parts of the prefrontal cortex that are activated by working memory training. While there is much evidence that mental abacus effectively trains working memory, few studies have assessed whether the abacus (Soroban) in Japan should be considered an effective training approach for working memory and if it activates the prefrontal cortex. Therefore, in t

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Haqnazari, Farzin, Vahid Nejati, and Hamidreza Pouretemad. "Effectiveness of Computerized Working Memory Training on Sustained Attention and Working Memory of Male School Students." Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 11, no. 1 (2022): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/sjrm.11.1.1.

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Background and Aims Sustained attention and working memory are the intertwined executive functions of the brain. Studies have shown that working memory training induce no far transfer effect to executive functions. Considering the importance of sustained attention in academic and occupational performance, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of computerized working memory (WM) training on sustained attention and WM of male students. Methods Participants were 32 male middle-school students in the eighth grade, who were selected by a cluster random sampling method and assigned randomly

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Magimairaj, Beula, James Montgomery, Sally Marinellie, and John McCarthy. "Relation of three mechanisms of working memory to children’s complex span performance." International Journal of Behavioral Development 33, no. 5 (2009): 460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409340091.

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There is a paucity of research examining the relative contribution of the different mechanisms of working memory (short-term storage [STM], processing speed) to children’s complex memory span. This study served to replicate and extend the few extant studies that have examined the issue. In this study, the relative contribution of three mechanisms of working memory — STM storage, processing speed, attentional resource allocation — to children’s complex span was examined. Children (6—12) completed a digit span task, an auditory-visual reaction time task, a task of attentional allocation, and a c

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Agnihotri, Radha. "A study of working memory and postpartum depression." International Journal of Science and Social Science Research 3, no. 1 (2025): 132–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15438774.

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Postpartum depression is a common mood disorder affecting newly delivered mothers. Women with postpartum depression reveals the symptoms of depressed mood, low energy level, unable to feel the pleasure, low self-esteem, poor concentration, impaired working memory, anxiety, and social isolation. For these, most of the women are diagnosed within first six month after delivery.  Previous studies showed that depressed patient suffer from cognitive difficulties i.e. working memory. The present study examines working memory deficits during the postpartum period in mothers. For this study we had

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Harrington, Michael, and Mark Sawyer. "L2 Working Memory Capacity and L2 Reading Skill." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 14, no. 1 (1992): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100010457.

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Working memory capacity refers to the ability to store and process information simultaneously in real time and has been shown to correlate highly with first language (L1) reading skill. This study examines the sensitivity of second language (L2) working memory capacity to differences in reading skill among advanced L2 learners. The index of working memory capacity used was the reading span test (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). Subjects with larger working memory capacities scored higher on measures of reading skill, in contrast with the lack of strong correlations between measures of passive s

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Laique, Aamir, Jessica Springer, Jenna Axelrod, Leslie Guidotti Breting, Elizabeth Geary, and Jerry J. Sweet. "73 Do depression, anxiety, or stress moderate the relationship between simple attention, working memory and verbal learning?" Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (2023): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723003910.

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Objective:Working memory is a vital construct in efficient verbal memory encoding (Cotton & Ricker, 2021). Working memory is impacted by attentional capacities (Riccio, Cohen, Garrison, & Smith, 2005). Mood symptoms impact efficient information processing and consolidation of memory (Hubbard, 2016; Lukasik, 2019). This study examines self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress as possible moderators of the relationship between working memory and a verbal list-learning task.Participants and Methods:Archival data from 415 adults (Mage= 56.10, SD=18.05; Medu= 15.5 SD=2.2; 53

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Tiselius, Elisabet, and Birgitta Englund Dimitrova. "Testing the working memory capacity of dialogue interpreters." Across Languages and Cultures 24, no. 2 (2023): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/084.2023.00439.

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AbstractAllocation and management of working memory resources are crucial for successful interpreting. A number of studies have found clear indications that simultaneous interpreters have larger working memory capacity, at least in some areas, than other bilinguals. To date, no studies have focused on the working memory of dialogue interpreters. The study reported in this paper investigated the main differences and similarities in working memory between experienced and inexperienced dialogue interpreters when it comes to central executive functions. We also compared experienced dialogue interp

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Brébion, Gildas, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Lyn S. Pilowsky, and Anthony S. David. "Processing Speed and Working Memory Span: Their Differential Role in Superficial and Deep Memory Processes in Schizophrenia." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 17, no. 3 (2011): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617711000208.

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Previous work has suggested that decrement in both processing speed and working memory span plays a role in the memory impairment observed in patients with schizophrenia. We undertook a study to examine simultaneously the effect of these two factors. A sample of 49 patients with schizophrenia and 43 healthy controls underwent a battery of verbal and visual memory tasks. Superficial and deep encoding memory measures were tallied. We conducted regression analyses on the various memory measures, using processing speed and working memory span as independent variables. In the patient group, process

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Waters, Gloria S., and David Caplan. "The Measurement of Verbal Working Memory Capacity and Its Relation to Reading Comprehension." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 49, no. 1 (1996): 51–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713755607.

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Ninety-four subjects were tested on the Daneman and Carpenter (1980) reading span task, four versions of a related sentence span task in which reaction times and accuracy on sentence processing were measured along with sentence-final word recall, two number generation tasks designed to test working memory, digit span, and two shape-generation tasks designed to measure visual-spatial working memory. Forty-four subjects were retested on a subset of these measures at a 3-month interval. All subjects were tested on standard vocabulary and reading tests. Correlational analyses showed better interna

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Lustig, Cindy, and Lynn Hasher. "Working Memory Span: The Effect of Prior Learning." American Journal of Psychology 115, no. 1 (2002): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1423675.

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