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Journal articles on the topic 'Working Street Children'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Scanlon, Tom, Francesca Scanlon, and Maria Luiza Nobre Lamarao. "Working with street children." Development in Practice 3, no. 1 (January 1993): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096145249100076911.

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2

Belay, Degwale Gebeyehu. "Positioning Agency of Migrant Street Working Children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." International Journal of Political Activism and Engagement 6, no. 2 (April 2019): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpae.2019040104.

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Ethiopia is among the poorest countries of the world in which many children do not have access to a quality education, and many children are engaged in child labour. The study aims to explain the interplay of factors for independent migration and street working experience of children. The article adopted an ethnographic qualitative research method. In-depth interviews, observation, and informal discussions were important tools of data collection. The findings show that independent migration is an important component of working children on streets of Addis Ababa. Children exercise their agency to migrate and engage in a certain kinds of street activities. Most of them migrate from rural areas for non-economic reasons. Street activities are gendered as well as generationally divided. These children have positioned themselves as workers and streets as their workplaces. Despite their agency, they are vulnerable to different structural problems. Hence, blaming child street workers cannot be an effective means of eliminating child labour.

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3

Bourdillon, M. F. C. "Street children in Harare." Africa 64, no. 4 (October 1994): 516–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161371.

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After giving some general information about children working on the streets of Harare, the article discusses the way children live on the streets when the streets become their home. It gives some reasons for their being on the streets, describes how they organise themselves and how they earn a living, and comments on their values. The article goes on to point out that there are a variety of perspectives on where the problem of street children lies, and to outline possible lines of intervention.

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4

Cardenal, Monica. "Special Time: Working with Street Children." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 31, no. 4 (July 4, 2021): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2021.1926795.

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5

Tiyani, Vina Yunia, Triyana Triyana, Nisful Kholisyatun N, and Muhammad Wahyu A. "The Phenomenon of Street Children in Criminology Studies (Study in Sambiroto, Semarang)." Law Research Review Quarterly 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 279–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/snh.v5i2.31150.

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This research is motivated by the many irregularities that occur in urban areas such as the city of Semarang, for example the number of street children. This observation is done by jumping directly to the destination that is on Sambiroto Street, Semarang. There are various kinds of jobs for street children who sell newspapers, provide services to wipe the windshield when passing on the street and sell newspapers. The purpose of this observation is to find out what lies behind these children or adolescents as street children, and to study and analyze internal factors, such as within the scope of the family that makes them street children. To find out their work while on the streets, whether they work for themselves or told by others. The method used in this observation is using qualitative methods. Data collected by in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. After the data has been collected, data analysis is carried out through the stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of these observations show that the main factor that caused them to go to the streets is because of the family's economic limitations, so they voluntarily or with their own initiative to go into the streets by working on the streets. While on the road they often interact with other street children so that they eventually form a group or even a community. Interaction is woven for a specific purpose such as working together when plunging into the road.

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6

Searle, Liz. "Working with the street children of Brazil." BMJ 323, Suppl S3 (September 1, 2001): 0109349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.0109349.

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7

Brink, Barbara. "Working with street children: reintegration through education." Support for Learning 16, no. 2 (May 2001): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9604.00193.

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8

Invernizzi, Antonella. "Street-Working Children and Adolescents in Lima." Childhood 10, no. 3 (August 2003): 319–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09075682030103005.

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9

Cosgrove, John G. "Towards a working definition of street children." International Social Work 33, no. 2 (April 1990): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002087289003300209.

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10

Roncevic, Nevenka, Aleksandra Stojadinovic, and Daliborka Batrnekantonic. "Street children." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 141, no. 11-12 (2013): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1312835r.

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According to UNICEF, street child is any child under the age of 18 for whom the street has become home and/or source of income and which is not adequately protected or supervised by adult, responsible person. It has been estimated that there are between 100 and 150 million street children worldwide. Life and work on the street have long term and far-reaching consequences for development and health of these children. By living and working in the street, these children face the highest level of risk. Street children more often suffer from the acute illness, injuries, infection, especially gastrointestinal, acute respiratory infections and sexually transmitted diseases, inadequate nutrition, mental disorders, and drug abuse. They are more often victims of abuse, sexual exploitation, trafficking; they have higher rate of adolescent pregnancy than their peers from poor families. Street children and youth have higher rates of hospitalization and longer hospital stay due to seriousness of illness and delayed health care. Street children/youth are reluctant to seek health care, and when they try, they face many barriers. Street children are invisible to the state and their number in Serbia is unknown. Recently, some non?governmental organizations from Belgrade, Novi Sad and Nis have recognized this problem and tried to offer some help to street children, by opening drop?in centers, but this is not enough. To solve this problem, an engagement of the state and the whole community is necessary, and primary responsibility lies in health, social and educational sector. The best interests of the child must serve as a basic guideline in all activities aimed at improving health, quality of life and rights of children involved in the life and work in the street.

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11

Yilmaz, Hatice Bal, and Şeyda Dülgerler. "Children who work in the street in Izmir, Turkey." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 39, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2011.39.1.129.

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Using Izmir, Turkey as a case study the risk factors leading children to work in the streets were identified. Participants in the study were 226 children working in the streets, average age 10.35±2.21 who worked 6.8±2.11 hours per day. The great majority of the children were boys (90.2%), 77.9% were of primary school age; two-thirds of the children were working to provide an economic contribution to the family; 86.6% were from a large family; 78.8% were from a family that migrated to a big city. Almost all did not find working in the street safe; and nearly half were not hopeful about the future. It was established that frequent problems in the children's families include poverty, unemployment, poor education, having a large family, poor family functioning, migration, limited possibilities of shelter, and domestic violence, including the beating of wives and children. Although nearly all the children still lived with their families, a small percentage of the children (5.8%) had begun living permanently on the streets and then cut ties with their families. A significant relationship was found between living on the streets and the age of the child, the father's education, and the father's use of alcohol.

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12

Williams, Christopher, and Farzaneh Yazdani. "The Rehabilitation Paradox: Street-Working Children in Afghanistan." Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education 3, no. 1 (January 14, 2009): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15595690802584083.

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13

Jones, Gareth. "Methodology and Ethics of Working with Street Children." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 2, no. 2 (September 2006): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17479894200600015.

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14

Veeran, Vasintha. "Working With Street Children: A Child‐centred Approach." Child Care in Practice 10, no. 4 (September 2004): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1357527042000285538.

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15

HAYLI, Çiğdem Müge. "RISKS WAITING FOR CHILDREN WORKING ON THE STREET AND NURSES PERCEPTIONS OF CHILDREN WORKING ON THE STREET: EXAMPLE OF MERSİN." Journal of International Social Research 12, no. 64 (June 30, 2019): 460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2019.3367.

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16

McEvoy, Denise, Susan Morgan, Sam McCready, Jacinta Bennett, and Patrick Henry. "Working with Street-Connected Children: A Training Model for Street Work Practice." Practice 25, no. 4 (August 20, 2013): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09503153.2013.829564.

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17

Holst, Tore. "The emotional labor of former street children working as tour guides in Delhi." Focaal 2019, no. 85 (December 1, 2019): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2019.850109.

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In Delhi, former street children guide tourists around the streets they once inhabited and show how the NGOs they live with try to resocialize current street children. The “personal stories” they perform implicitly advocate simple solutions that conveniently fit the limited engagement of the tourists, whose ethical position is thereby validated in relation to the NGO. But this uncomplicated exchange of guides’ emotions for tourists’ capital is in the guides’ interest, because it allows them to set boundaries for the emotional labor of performing their past suffering. The guides are thus incentivized to work within a post-humanitarian logic, selling their stories as commodities, which then incentivize the tourists to act as consumers, who have little choice but to frame their declarations of solidarity with the children as acts of consumption.

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18

Gebretsadik, Daniel. "Street work and the perceptions of children: Perspectives from Dilla town, Southern Ethiopia." Global Studies of Childhood 7, no. 1 (March 2017): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043610617694741.

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Based mainly on an in-depth and multifaceted qualitative study of 24 purposely selected street working children in Dilla town, Southern Ethiopia, this study attempts to shed light on children’s use of streets as places of work, survival, socialization, play, learning and growth. Children see street work as a source of livelihood, evidence of agency, informal schooling, sense of responsibility and sphere of socialization. The study also shows that the discourse that views street working children as ‘out of place’ and ‘outside childhood’ is concerned more with defending the values of the writers rather than defending the real interests of the children involved. Children’s responsibilities for themselves and towards their families not only force them to be found at ‘wrong places’ but it also obliges them to engage in ‘wrong careers’. Children not only want freedom and play but they also want responsibility and respect for what they do and who they are, and work can bring both.

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19

Fitri, Fitri, Yoyok Hendarso, and Waspodo Waspodo. "Potret Kehidupan Anak Jalanan di Kecamatan Ilir Timur I Kota Palembang." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 3, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 786–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v3i3.397.

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This study aims to analyze and describe the life of street children located in Ilir Timur I District, Palembang City. This study uses the Weber concept of social action. The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. The design used in this research is exploratory. Data collection methods used in this study are observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. There are 10 informants in this study. The results showed that the causes of the emergence of street children were helping the family economy, meeting personal needs, working habits since childhood, influence from peers / games and disharmony in the family. The life portrait of street children is depicted in three parts, which are seen from the economic, social and educational conditions. Judging from the economic conditions, street children are included in the economic category of the lower middle class. From a social perspective, these street children have a pretty good social relationship with friends and neighbors. But in the family it is not good because the parents and children are busy working. Finally, the education condition of street children is good because there are still children who are in school.

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20

Bademci, H. Özden, and E. Figen Karadayı. "What Makes Children Want to Learn? Working with Street Children at a University." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 159 (December 2014): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.442.

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21

Tovote, Katrin E., and Ashley E. Maynard. "Maya children working in the streets: Value mismatches from the village to the street setting." International Journal of Psychology 53 (December 2018): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12556.

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22

Westhoff, Wayne W., Martha L. Coulter, Robert J. McDermott, and Derek R. Holcomb. "Assessing the Self-Reported Health Risks of Urban Street Children Working in the Dominican Republic." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 15, no. 2 (July 1994): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/v5te-lhrt-9nwx-xp1d.

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Children throughout the world work on street corners selling newspapers, washing car windows, shining shoes, or hustling anything that will earn cash for the day. Many of them start early in the morning, work all day without attending school, and then return home late in the evening. A 26-item questionnaire was given to a sample of forty children working the streets of Santo Domingo. Examination of the responses revealed that the mean age was 14.5 years. Over 92 percent of the children had contact with a relative in the past thirty days. Fifty percent responded that they were victims of physical abuse at home, while 97 percent said they believe they are healthy. Qualitative data on family, friends, and future goals are discussed.

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23

Bhusal, Shivalal. "Street Children in Butwal Municipality: A Case Study." Tribhuvan University Journal 29, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v29i1.25969.

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There is ever existence of homeless, poor, orphaned, abandoned and working children in the world. In the traditional societies, those children were absorbed by the extended family or other are said to be' street children'. Street children are the products of so called modern, social and economic systems. Unless the systems are revised properly, the problem of street children would remain as it is. Nevertheless, they have a right to safety, shelter, and the other basic necessities of life. Therefore, state and development parlers need to show obligations to design and implement relevant and functional forms of interventions. This article looks at the situations of street children in Butwal municipality and presents a short glimpse of the problem.

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24

Bademci, H. Özden. "‘Working with vulnerable children’: Listening to the views of the service providers working with street children in Istanbul." Children and Youth Services Review 34, no. 4 (April 2012): 725–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.12.020.

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25

Alem, Habtamu Wandimu, and Arindam Laha. "Livelihood of Street Children and the Role of Social Intervention: Insights from Literature Using Meta-Analysis." Child Development Research 2016 (November 17, 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3582101.

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As studies done by different scholars indicate that the present status of street children is remarkably insightful, this invites us to systematically review the existing literature by using meta-analysis. In this paper 31 studies were reviewed by applying a predetermined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria as part of meta-analysis. These studies were compiled mainly from three continents (Africa, Asia, and Latin America), which are often observed to be diversified economically, politically, socially, and environmentally. Empirical evidences based on data generated from reviewed studies provide a holistic picture on the predominance of male street children among a total sample size of 68014 street children. Working as a daily labourer is considered as the most predominant informal occupation for street children. Empirical evidences suggest that majority of street dwellers were categorized into children working on the street in Africa, while in Asia a sizable proportion of them were abandoned from their house. Interestingly, it suggests that children coming to a street may be due to push factors like coercion by family, lack of access to education, and the existence of displeasing life in Africa, while in Asia children were pushed by family to beg and act as a day labourer and street vendor to assure the livelihood of their abandoned families. Statistical evidence based on odds ratio suggested no association between location of the study region and the characteristics of street children. Analysis of variance results showed that there exists a significant variation within a continent for all four variables (living condition, education, gender, and livelihood strategies). In fact, daily labour was the most acceptable means of livelihood earning and it is followed by street vendor and others. The present condition of street children necessitates social intervention to address the present problems of street dwellers by ensuring sustainable livelihood options among them.

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26

Veloso, Leticia. "Child Street Labor in Brazil: Licit and Illicit Economies in the Eyes of Marginalized Youth." South Atlantic Quarterly 111, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 663–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-1724129.

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This essay is based on extensive fieldwork with marginalized children and other working children in Rio de Janeiro, conducted in two favelas and on the streets of four different neighborhoods. Specifically, my research focused on how particular children try to earn a living on the streets by working, begging, or stealing, and why they label the whole range of such activities as “work.” In examining the various kinds of labor the children engage in as they try to make a living in Rio’s destructured, largely informal economy, I use “child street labor” to refer to these varied forms of informal, often illicit or illegal work performed by such children. My analysis uncovers multiple levels in which this child street labor is intertwined with other forms of labor and also with informality, illegality, and even crime. Through examining the kinds of labor engaged in by poor children in Brazil, I argue that they can be seen as a reflection of and a commentary on the meanings of formal and informal labor in Brazil, as well as on some of the changes currently observed in the nature of labor worldwide. Further, this kind of child work blurs some of the most basic distinctions in sociological and political-economic thought on labor: the distinction between what counts as labor and what doesn’t, between productive and nonproductive labor, and between legal and illegal labor.

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27

Nouri, Ali, and Yousef Karimi. "A phenomenological study on the meaning of educational justice for street children." Education, Citizenship and Social Justice 14, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1746197918760083.

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A phenomenological study was conducted to obtain an understanding of the meaning of educational justice for street-working children in Tehran, Iran. The data were obtained through observation and semi-structured interview from 22 children aged between 5 and 15 years old (13 male and 9 female) who were selected based on their cooperation through a convenience sampling technique. The children’s responses to the interview questions regarding their perceptions of educational justice and the other related concerns were coded and a set of categories were developed. The results of the study indicated that poverty and parental negligence are the two primary and interrelated reasons that lead children to work on streets and consequently limit their access to formal education. The participants viewed educational justice as providing all children with adequate opportunities for access to formal education and establishing effective mechanisms for a fair distribution of resources and facilities in a way that all disadvantaged children including street children could benefit from and engage in productive activities of the society. They expected that educational system should not only be responsible for providing education for all but also to show greater concern and effort for the children with special needs. The present condition of street children necessitates better future policy-making to develop practical solutions in order to meet the basic educational needs of street children more efficiently and equitably.

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28

Pur, Ipek Guzide. "Emotion Regulation Intervention for Complex Developmental Trauma: Working with Street Children." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 159 (December 2014): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.471.

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29

Burch, Greg W. "Bimodal Mission Advancement in Ministry with Street-living and Working Children." Missiology: An International Review 41, no. 3 (March 26, 2013): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091829613481321.

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30

Verma, Suman. "Socialization for survival: Developmental issues among working street children in India." New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development 1999, no. 85 (1999): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cd.23219998503.

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31

Holland, Tracey. "Human Rights Education for Street and Working Children: Principles and Practice." Human Rights Quarterly 20, no. 1 (1998): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hrq.1998.0007.

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32

Iqbal, M., R. Naqvi, S. Mohammed, and M. A. Bilgrami. "Understanding the Experiences of Street Working Children in Karachi Using Photovoice." Annals of Global Health 83, no. 1 (April 7, 2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.033.

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33

Jenssen, Toril. "Street Children Discourses in Russia and Cuba." Journal of Comparative Social Work 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2007): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v2i1.30.

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My colleague and I came to a centre for rights protection of children and adolescents in a city in Northern Russia. It was a winter day with snow all over. In an open space between the houses, just before the entrance to the centre building, we met two eight or nine-year-old girls, skiing. They were smoking cigarettes. My colleague, who is a Russian, said as a joke: “Don’t you know when you smoke a second head will grow on your shoulders?” The answer came right-away: “I don’t care!” This little conversation in Russian was our introduction to a series of meetings with different spokespersons working at arenas with influence on child and adolescent welfare in the region.

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Plummer, Mary L., Mustafa Kudrati, and Nassrin Dafalla El Hag Yousif. "Beginning street life: Factors contributing to children working and living on the streets of Khartoum, Sudan." Children and Youth Services Review 29, no. 12 (December 2007): 1520–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.06.008.

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35

KUBIE, OENONE. "Reading Lewis Hine's Photography of Child Street Labour, 1906–1918." Journal of American Studies 50, no. 4 (April 29, 2016): 873–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187581600058x.

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Lewis Hine's child-labour photographs are among the best-known social-documentary photographs ever taken, yet historians have neglected his photography of children working on the streets of America's cities. This paper explores the disputed symbolism of Hine's street-labour photographs. Far from simply depicting another appalling form of child labour, Hine's child street labourers, and the newsboys he photographed in particular, represented a range of ideas from masculinity and entrepreneurial spirit to the dangers of the new urban life and the apparent ignorance of immigrant parents. The symbolic newsboy was often far removed from the reality of child street labour, but he became an important figure in discourse surrounding the nature of childhood and the organization of public space in the United States of the early twentieth century. In exploring these subjects, this article takes on a neglected part of American history, yet an important one. Studying child street labourers reveals much about children, their choices, and the urban environment in the United States during the Progressive Era.

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Taib, Nezar Ismet, and Abdulbaghi Ahmad. "Psychiatric Morbidity among Street Children in Duhok." Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics 8 (January 2014): CMPed.S13505. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmped.s13505.

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Background Due, in part, to family constraints in dealing with the economical burden of raising a family, a wave of street children is sweeping the developing world. Such children are prone to both somatic and mental illnesses. This is the first ever study that has been conducted to explore the psychopathology among street children in the Duhok Governorate. Methods The study was conducted between March 2004 and May 2005 in Duhok City among street children who attended the Zewa Center—the only center for street children in the region at the time of the study. Among a total of 107 eligible children, 100 agreed to participate (93% response rate). A modified family map (genogram) was used to obtain demographic data from the children and their caregivers through semi-structured interviews. In addition, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID) structured interviews were conducted with the children. Results The study found that 98% of children worked on the street because of the economic need and pressure on their families. There was high rate of parental illiteracy (90% of fathers and 95% of mothers), and 61% of respondents were shown to have at least one psychiatric disorder. A high percentage (57%) of these children suffered from anxiety disorders including posttraumatic stress disorders (29%). Ten percent had depression, and 5% had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Conclusion Street children in Duhok seem to be working children due to their families’ needs.

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Seth, Rajeev, Atul Kotwal, and K. K. Ganguly. "Street and Working Children of Delhi,1India, Misusing Toluene: An Ethnographic Exploration." Substance Use & Misuse 40, no. 11 (January 2005): 1659–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826080500222792.

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38

Kisamii, Roghie Atashfaraz, and Vida Razavi. "Study and Comparison of Aggression and Anxiety Symptoms among Child Labour and Children of Sex Workers according to their Draw Paintings." International Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 5 (June 14, 2015): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12689.

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Purpose of this study was to investigate and compare level of anxiety and aggression among labor and street children as well as children whose mothers are sex workers based on analysis of their drawings. Sample group was selected by convenience sampling method, and included 50 children from Society for Defending Street and Labor Children using Morgan table. Measurement tool was Spence aggression questionnaire and Marx aggression questionnaire and analysis of drawing interpretation according to information in the book by Parirokh Dadsetan was used to verify accuracy of the results. Results of data analysis by covariance analysis showed that anxiety and aggression levels among labor and street children as well as children whose mothers are sex workers are high; however, there was no significant difference between labor and street children and children with sex working mothers in terms of children’s level of anxiety and aggression.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12689

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39

Pinzón-Rondón, Angela M., Sandra Hofferth, and Leonardo Briceño. "Children working in the streets of Colombian cities: Different pathways to the street lead to different populations." Children and Youth Services Review 30, no. 12 (December 2008): 1417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.04.009.

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40

Cheetham, Dominic. "Middle-Class Victorian Street Arabs: Modern Re-creations of the Baker Street Irregulars." International Research in Children's Literature 5, no. 1 (July 2012): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2012.0042.

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In three of Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories there are brief appearances of the Baker Street Irregulars, a group of ‘street Arabs’ who help Holmes with his investigations. These children have been re-imagined in modern children's literature in at least twenty-seven texts in a variety of media and with writers from both Britain and the United States. All these modern stories show a marked upward shift in the class of the Irregulars away from the lower working class of Conan-Doyle's originals. The shift occurs through attributing middle-class origins to the leaders of the Irregulars, through raising the class of the Irregulars in general, and through giving the children life environments more comfortable, safe, and financially secure than would have been possible for late-Victorian street children. Because of the variety in texts and writers, it is argued that this shift is not a result of the conscious political or ideological positions of individual writers, but rather reflects common unconscious narrative choices. The class-shift is examined in relation to the various pressures of conventions in children's literature, concepts of audience, and common concepts of class in society.

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41

DiCarlo, Margaret A., Judith L. Gibbons, Donald Kaminsky, James D. Wright, and Deborah A. Stiles. "Street children's drawings: Windows into their life circumstances and aspirations." International Social Work 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a010524.

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Drawings of the 'ideal person' completed by 82 children (aged 5 through 17) attending a programme for working children in Honduras were scored for content, emotional indicators and intellectual maturity. Analysis revealed that the content of street children's drawings could provide insight into their aspirations, resourcefulness and life circumstances.

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Ortiz Castro, Arturo, Mario J. Domínguez García, Gabriela Palomares Calderón, and María Elena Medina-Mora. "Activo distribution and paraphernalia among “street children”." Salud mental 40, no. 4 (July 31, 2017): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2017.021.

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Introduction. The use of solvent inhalants has been documented in Mexico since the 1970s. Nevertheless, very little is known about the distribution and use dynamics among “street children”. Few have ventured to study this issue because of the difficulties involved in working with marginalized, relatively inaccessible populations. Objective. To analyze the distribution and consumption dynamics of activo, as it is known among street children in downtown Mexico City, and to document the paraphernalia and argot associated with these practices. Method. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and interpretative study guided by the “Meeting Place” approach used by Hughes (1977), which has been adapted to Mexican population by Ortiz (1979). We also used ethnographic observation techniques and a social and immersion mapping of street spaces that allowed us to contact and relate to both informants and users. Results. We identified activo distributors and storage areas; user groups were made up of men and women in a 7-3 ratio; physical and psycho-social characteristics of sellers and users, and some street argot and paraphernalia that allowed us to understand the dynamics of distribution and consumption. Discussion and conclusion. The activo market is both captive and hidden; it is detrimental to the physical and mental health of street children, and is fostered by social exclusion and the lack of legislation.

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Momeni, Javad, Rasoul Mohsenzadeh, Tahereh Mohsenzadeh, and Rasoul Zarchini. "The Role of Economic and Legal Factors in the Emergence of the Street Children Phenomenon in Khorram Abad, Lorestan Province - Survey in 2015." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 77 (June 2017): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.77.56.

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In this research, we have studied the population of street children in Khorram Abad in Iran, in 2015, with the emphasis on the role of economic and legal factors forcing children to work on the streets. The results of this research show that the issue of child labor is the consequence of both global and local matters. These children are the products of the urban society, poverty, and cultural, legal, and local factors. The research method is a survey, and the statistical population is the street children, aged between 7 to 18 living in Khorram Abad, in 2015. The sample population chosen randomly includes 242 people, and the required information was gathered using the questionnaire and interview technique. In Khorram Abad, Lorestan, economic crisis and parents' misdemeanor are the two main factors that force the children to fill their fathers' missing place by working in the streets. But, gender factors such as being a boy, and cultural factors such as belonging to a specific tribe are influential in the howness of this phenomenon. In this article, we have attempted to use native sources for a better understanding of the local situation of the phenomenon, and have proposed a few solutions to alter the current situation.

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Invernizzi, A. "Street working children in lima: The child's ‘Surcharge’ between survival strategies and socialisation." International Journal of Anthropology 16, no. 2-3 (April 2001): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02445178.

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Sokołowska, Jolanta. "System pedagogiczny Makarenki w kontekście założeń współczesnej pedagogiki ulicy." Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 39, no. 4 (September 28, 2017): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/pwe.2017.39.05.

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The subject of this analysis is an attempt to reflect on the pedagogical system of Antoni Makarenko as a pedagogue of street children. Just as the street peddlers of today worked with children whose negative and afflicted relationships with the world have led to an attitude of distrust and dislike. When analyzing his concept, I referred to the thought he had made in “Pedagogical Poem”. Confronting the idea against the views of modern street pedagogues, I tried to answer the questions: what does Makarenko share with people working today with this category of children? How much of his ideas worked out almost a century ago are the inspiration for modern street pedagogues? Makarenko, like the street pedigreers of today, was focused on building contacts, appreciated the significance of the meeting, tried to answer real problems and needs of homeless youth. What distinguishes modern street pedagogy from the Makarenko pedagogical system is its critical character. Makarenko’s pedagogy, due to ideological dominance (which was not discussed in the pedagogical activity aimed at shaping the planned political consciousness of the charges), lost its emancipatory character.

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Urgessa Gita, Dinaol, Getachew Abeshu, and Berhanu NigussieWorku. "Street Children’s Drug Abuse and Their Psychosocial Actualities Synchronized with Intervention Strategies in South West Ethiopia." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 5 (November 16, 2019): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1170.

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Today’s children in developing countries are growing up in an increasingly stressful circumstance. As consumption of substances is increased, the of age of beginning is falling. Hence, this research examined street children’s drug abuse, their psychosocial actualities synchronized with intervention strategies. Explanatory sequential research design was employed. A total of 150 street children and four key informants were selected through simple random sampling using lottery methods and purposive sampling technique respectively. Questionnaire, interview guide, FGD probes and observation checklist were employed as tools of data collection. The result of the study portrayed that sniffing glue and gasoline were becoming the drugs of choice for most children living on the street. Further, street children faced various psychological and social strainsfrom absence of meeting their basic social needs and services to certain disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress. Government bodies’ interventions were limited andinconsistentthat only undergoesinformal education thatcould not bring considerable change; it lacks solidity and incompatibility with the number of street children runway over a time in the study area. In conclusion, most of the street children in South west Ethiopia are at adversary peak of drug abuse and psychosocial challenges. Thus, South-West areas Women and Children Affairs Offices, Labor and Social Affairs Offices and GOs and NGOs working on these matters ought to take these issues into greater consideration and act accordingly. In collaboration with professionals, they also need to work on drug free child sensitive preventive and rehabilitation counseling and other psychosocial support.

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Vigil, James Diego. "Streets and Schools: How Educators Can Help Chicano Marginalized Gang Youth." Harvard Educational Review 69, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 270–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.69.3.237k013137x7313x.

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The relationship between streets and schools for Chicano gang youth is at the heart of this article. Author Diego Vigil argues that understanding how streets and schools intersect in ways that interfere with the learning and school performance of Chicano gang youth may be the key to offering them a more positive schooling experience. Using his multiple marginality framework, Vigil examines how gangs socialize Chicano youth to be gang members. He also examines how home and school are complicit in that socialization. Typically, street children exhibit behaviors in classrooms that interfere with their academic learning. In turn, educators are not well enough informed about gang culture to foster behaviors that result in successful academic performance. Vigil issues a call to parents and teachers to actively participate in the prevention, intervention, and suppression of gang activity. The author presents three Los Angeles–based programs as examples of how schools can successfully serve gang children. While Vigil argues that schools have exacerbated the problem, he remains convinced that schools — working in a concerted and respectful effort with the home and the community — present the best hope for countering street socialization.

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Couch, Jen. "Our lives, our say: Street and working children talk about their rights in Delhi." Journal of Social Inclusion 1, no. 2 (October 29, 2010): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi.16.

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Bromley, R. D. F., and P. K. Mackie. "Child experiences as street traders in Peru: contributing to a reappraisal for working children." Children's Geographies 7, no. 2 (May 2009): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733280902798852.

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Dewees, Anthony, and Steven J. Klees. "Social Movements and the Transformation of National Policy: Street and Working Children in Brazil." Comparative Education Review 39, no. 1 (February 1995): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/447290.

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