Relevant bibliographies by topics / World GDP

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'World GDP'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "World GDP"

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Kharlamova, Ganna, Andriy Stavytskyy, Oleksandr Chernyak, Vincentas Giedraitis, and Olena Komendant. "Economic modeling of the GDP gap in Ukraine and worldwide." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 2 (2019): 493–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(2).2019.38.

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ActualityThe concept of output gap plays an important role in traditional macroeconomic theory, applied research and monetary policy. GoalThe paper reveals analyses of the potential economic development in Ukraine and in some countries of the world under limited information. Thus, the practical goal is to consider the best modelling approach for the possibility to regulate GDP in Ukraine, as it has been experienced in other countries of the world. MethodThe research is realized with the help of economic-mathematical modelling of GDP gap based on the analysis of the production function, statist
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Latif, Abdul, Zulfa Zakiatul Hidayah, Nani Hartati, Widiastuti Widiastuti, and Erna Apriani. "Macroeconomic Determinants Of Gross Domestic Product In Asean: The Role Of WTI Oil Prices And External Debt Ratio." BIMA Journal (Business, Management, & Accounting Journal) 6, no. 1 (2025): 279–90. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.279-290.

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Purpose: This study is to analyze the direct effect of the world oil price variable on the GDP variable, as well as the direct effect of world oil prices on the debt ratio, then the indirect relationship of world oil prices to GDP through the debt ratio. Methodology: The data analysis method used in the research is path analysis on the variables of world oil prices, GDP of ASEAN countries, and the ratio of foreign debt as an intervening variable. Results: The results found that the direct effect of the debt ratio on world oil prices had no effect, then the direct effect of the debt ratio on GD
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Cascaldi-Garcia, Danilo, Matteo Luciani, and Michele Modugno. "Lessons from Nowcasting GDP across the World." International Finance Discussion Paper, no. 1385 (December 2023): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/ifdp.2023.1385.

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In economics, we need to forecast the present because reliable and comprehensive measures of the state of the economy are released with a substantial delay and considerable measurement error. Nowcasting exploits timely data to obtain early estimates of the state of the economy and updates these estimates continuously as new macroeconomic data are released. In this chapter, we describe how the framework used to nowcast GDP has evolved and is applied worldwide.
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MAKHONIN, Vladyslav. "INTERRELATION OF THE INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT INDEX SYSTEM AND CURRENT GDP & GDP BASED ON PPP INDICATORS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 308, no. 4 (2022): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-308-4-18.

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This article is empirical in nature. Its purpose is to analyze, on the basis of a multivariate regression model, the question of the impact of the Inclusive Development Index–as the first index instrument of an inclusive economy–on such two forms of GDP as an indicator that the Inclusive Development Index was recognized to replace: current GDP per capita and GDP based purchasing power parity (given that the constant GDP indicator is officially included in the structure of the Index). The dimension of analysis described above and presented in this article is a component of the author’s research
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Bhanu, Dr J. Sasi. "An Application for Prediction of World Countries GDP." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 4 (2024): 1445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60136.

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Abstract: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is an important metric for assessing the economic well-being of a nation. In this research paper, we will employ and compare multiple machine learning algorithms to predict the GDP across multiple countries and areas, including Linear Regression, SVM, Gradient boosting, and Random Forest. Ultimately created an API where users can enter the current values of parameters on which GDP depends, to get a more accurate prediction
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Barrell, Ray, Nigel Pain, and Julian Morgan. "The World Economy." National Institute Economic Review 154 (November 1995): 27–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019515400103.

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Indications from the first half of the year suggested that the present cyclical expansion was starting to slow in much of the OECD. The pace of activity moderated particularly sharply in North America. Canadian GDP fell slightly in the second quarter of the year and inventory levels rose considerably. Trade growth was also lower than expected, although this partially reflected the regional impact of recent developments in Mexico. Within Europe, GDP growth slowed in the UK, France and Italy, although growth proved unexpectedly robust in a number of the smaller economies, particularly Ireland, S
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Ahn, Young-gyun, and Min-Kyu Lee. "The Factors Affecting World GDP Variation Using Vector Error Correction Model." Journal of Industrial Economics and Business 31, no. 6 (2018): 1925–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22558/jieb.2018.12.31.6.1925.

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Sun, Jingwen, Yuan Suo, Seeha Park, Tianze Xu, Yizhu Liu, and Weigi Wang. "Analysis of Bilateral Trade Flow and Machine Learning Algorithms for GDP Forecasting." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 5 (2018): 3432–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1490598.

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The terms imports and exports describe goods and services traded between countries. Countries import goods they cannot produce domestically or can obtain at a lower cost from another country. According to the World Trade Organization (WTO) reports, the U.S. is the world’s largest importer based on capital investment, followed by the E.U., China, Germany, and Japan. For exports, China leads the world with an official trade amount of $1.904 trillion in 2013. E.U. ranks second, followed by U.S., Germany, and Japan. Trade in goods and services is defined as a change in ownership of material
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Ostrovskii, Andrei V. "Regional Economic Development of the PRC through the Data of the World Economic Statistics." Population and Economics 8, no. 4 (2024): 123–37. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.8.e121879.

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The article analyzes the results of a forecast on the socio-economic development of Chinese regions made ten years ago in a collective monograph by the Institute of the Far East of the Russian Academy of Sciences. These results are compared with data from various countries in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP per capita. Based on statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of China for 2022, it was determined that China’s GDP ranks first globally in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) and second in terms of the dollar exchange rate. More than half of China’s GD
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Ostrovskii, Andrei V. "Regional Economic Development of the PRC through the Data of the World Economic Statistics." Population and Economics 8, no. (4) (2024): 123–37. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.8.e121879.

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The article analyzes the results of a forecast on the socio-economic development of Chinese regions made ten years ago in a collective monograph by the Institute of the Far East of the Russian Academy of Sciences. These results are compared with data from various countries in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP per capita. Based on statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of China for 2022, it was determined that China's GDP ranks first globally in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) and second in terms of the dollar exchange rate. More than half of China's GD
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "World GDP"

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Lundberg, Otto. "GDP forecasting and nowcasting : Utilizing a system for averaging models to improve GDP predictions for six countries around the world." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131718.

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This study was issued by Swedbank because they wanted too improve their GDP growth forecast capabilites.  A program was developed and tested on six countries; USA, Sweden, Germany, UK, Brazil and Norway. In this paper I investigate if I can reduce forecasting error for GDP growth by taking a smart average from a variety of models compared to both the best individual models and a random walk. I combine the forecasts from four model groups: Vector autoregression, principal component analysis, machine learning and random walk. The smart average is given by a system that give more weight to the pr
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Azad, Abul Kalam. "Determinants of Asian Democratisation (1981-2005)." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/952.

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As a culturally distinctive region, Asia was chosen as the sample for this study. This empirical study investigated what the major trends of democratisation were in Asia between 1981 and 2005: why some countries became democratic while other countries failed to follow suit during that period. The main research hypothesis was: “That is it was mainly economic development that drove democratisation in Asia between 1981 and 2005”. Although some studies have studied the impact of economic development on democratisation in Asia, their findings have been inconclusive and focuses sometimes different.
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Karlsson, Adam. "Är frikoppling av ekonomin möjlig? Textanalys av Jackson & Wallerstein." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22671.

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denna textanalys har författarna Jackson (2009) Prosperity without growth – economics for a finite planet och Wallerstein (2004) World system analysis – an introduction analyserats. Syftet med textanalysen är att jämföra Wallersteins och Jacksons texter utifrån deras syn på det nuvarande ekonomiska systemet och möjlighet till ekonomisk frikoppling. Resultat: Ingen av författarna anser att det finns någon möjlighet till ekonomisk frikoppling men anledningarna till detta skiljer sig mellan författarna. Jackson menar att fortsatt ekonomisk utveckling bland annat är viktigt för att finansiera välf
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Dasgupta, Amrita. "Modelling the energy demand for transport in Sub-Saharan Africa : World Energy Outlook as a Case Study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300137.

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Energy demand projections are essential tools that enable policymakers, engineers, scientists, stakeholders and investors to assess the future energy needs of a country and understand the technical, economic, social and environmental costs associated with meeting this demand. Such tools become further indispensable in the case of developing countries, where past consumption trends alone cannot indicate the trajectory of their future energy demand. Transport is one of the largest consumers of energy among all the end-use sectors. In 2018, it accounted for almost 29% of the total final consumpti
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Dietrich, Nicholas Julian. "International relations theory and the third world academic : bridging the gap." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1683.

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Thesis (MA (Political Science. International Studies))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>This thesis takes as its point of departure the problem that the disciplined study of International Relations (IR), whose very basis of existence makes claims towards universality and international applicability, is seen by some to push pertinent issues relating to the majority of the world’s population to the periphery of its enquiry. It begins by exploring the concept “Third World”, arguing for its continued relevance in the post- Cold War arena as generalised term when referring to the “majority o
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Baltussen, Robertus Martinus Petrus Maria. "Real world designs in economic evaluation bridging the gap between clinical research and policy making /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1998. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8425.

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Trivette, Carol M. "“Bathing” the Most Vulnerable Children in Language: Closing the Word Gap." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4446.

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This session will provide practitioners working with children 0-3 information about the importance of and strategies for “bathing” young children in language. Research shows that by age 3 children who live in poverty are likely to have heard 30 million fewer words than their wealthiest peers. For children with disabilities from less affluent homes, this is an important issue. This session will provide practitioners working with these families and/or working directly with these children with strategies demonstrated through video clips on how to envelop these very young children in rich language
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SALVATO, ERICA. "Reinforcement Learning per il Controllo di Sistemi Dinamici Reali: Applicazioni e Limitazioni." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/3010839.

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Il Reinforcement Learning (RL) è una branca del Machine Learning (ML) che permette di rendere i sistemi autonomi nell'apprendimento di leggi di controllo per l'esecuzione di specifici task. Sebbene sia spesso studiato su sistemi artificiali e caratterizzati da un comportamento dinamico semplice, recentemente l'introduzione dei nuovi strumenti di deep learning, insieme allo sviluppo di hardware sempre più prestante, ha favorito l'uso dell'RL nel controllo di sistemi dinamici reali. Tuttavia, nonostante il suo potenziale, l'RL presenta ancora alcune limitazioni e non garantisce prestazioni effi
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Goble, Matthew. "Managing the gap between the physical and digital world through a balance between transparent and performative interaction." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22371.

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Th is paper focuses on bridging the gap between the physical and digital world by creating a balance between performative (learned) interaction and transparent (direct-realism) interaction. The balance between these two types of interactions is also reminiscent of the balance between how people currently interact with digital objects and how people interact with physical objects.This paper does a deep review of the many ways designers, researchers, and even psychologists have studied interaction between the physical and digital world. The project started off with a literature review, the liter
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Lund, Kate Joanne. "Bridging the gap between physical and digital worlds through physical and contextual anchors." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.661130.

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This research documents the development of three novel mobile applications and the subsequent user experiences observed during the deployment of these applications using an 'in the wild' methodology. These experiences were aimed at evaluating the use of anchors that help to bridge the gap between digital and tangible. Two distinct avenues of interest are explored, firstly an investigation was carried out into the use of a physical anchor (an ambient device); and then progresses on to review more contextual anchors that manifest from the use of location, environmental, spatial and temporal data
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Books on the topic "World GDP"

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Avakov, Aleksandr V. Two thousand years of economic statistics: World population, GDP, and PPP. Algora Pub., 2010.

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Avakov, Aleksandr V. Two thousand years of economic statistics: World population, GDP, and PPP. Algora Pub., 2010.

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Hall, V. B. A quarterly post-World War II real GDP series for New Zealand. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research Trust, 2007.

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Martin, Blumenson. The battle of the generals: The untold story of the Falaise Pocket : the campaign that should have won World War II. Morrow, 1993.

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Friedensrat der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik., ed. World Peace Day 1985 in the GDR. Peace Council of the GDR, 1985.

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Shulʹmeĭster, I͡Ulian. Italii͡a, gde tvoi synovʹi͡a?--. Izd-vo "Kameni͡ar", 1987.

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Ustinskikh, A. N. Gde zari͡a︡zhali pushku. A. Ustinskikh, 1997.

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Astafʹev, Viktor Petrovich. Gde-to gremit voĭna: Povesti i rasskazy. Liesma, 1986.

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Pushkov, A. K. Ot Davosa do Kurshaveli︠a︡: Gde reshai︠u︡tsi︠a︡ sudʹby mira? ĖKSMO, 2011.

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Sheleg, M. I. Tam, gde protekaet Ptichʹ. Paradoks, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "World GDP"

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Song, Xuguang. "Economic Scale, the United Nations Membership Dues, and Shares of the World Bank." In Understanding Chinese GDP. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9733-3_13.

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Hu, Zhaoguang, and Zheng Hu. "E-GDP Functions for the World and Some Countries." In Electricity Economics: Production Functions with Electricity. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40757-4_11.

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Uchida, Yukiko, and Jeremy Rappleye. "Happiness: A World Map." In An Interdependent Approach to Happiness and Well-Being. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26260-9_2.

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AbstractBefore discussing an alternative approach, we first clarify dominate understandings of happiness and well-being. How is happiness currently being imagined? How does this view of happiness shape views of our own society and the wider world? Why has such a view evolved and become dominant? As discussed in the previous chapter, the past decade has witnessed a remarkable shift away from GDP as proxy for happiness and well-being. Existing assumptions are being critically examined, and new conceptualizations put forth. In this chapter, we aim to sketch the broader historical and intellectual
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Jinji, Naoto, Xingyuan Zhang, and Shoji Haruna. "Introduction and Overview." In Advances in Japanese Business and Economics. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5210-3_1.

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AbstractThe world economy was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. It was estimated that the annual growth in the world’s real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 would be $$-3.3$$ - 3.3 % (International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2021). World trade simultaneously contracted sharply.
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Liu, Jing. "China: A Systematic Approach to Rural School Improvement: Teachers, Technologies and Leadership." In SpringerBriefs in Education. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4917-1_2.

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AbstractThe People’s Republic of China, with a population of over 1.3 billion covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, is the world’s most populous country. Since the implementation of economic reform in the late 1970s, China has become one of the world’s fastest-growing economies with the gross domestic production (GDP) growth rate averaging between 7 and 8% a year in recent decades and has become the world’s second largest economy by nominal total GDP (World Bank, The World Bank Annual Report 2015, The World Bank, 2015).
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Hossain, Shanawez, and Ahmad Tousif Jami. "Opportunities and Challenges in Sustainable Development and Governance in South Asia: Case Study of Bhutan." In Springer Climate. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24545-9_5.

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AbstractThe future of the post-COVID, climate “red code” world, hugely depends on good governance and a transition to low carbon. World leaders have repeatedly stated a unified goal of establishing a carbon–neutral society by mid-century. Analysis shows that South Asia’s strong economic expansion has paved the way toward sustainable development, yet the region still has many unsustainable practices, except for Bhutan. As the first-only carbon-negative country globally, it is vital to extensively study, learn, and optimize Bhutan’s best practices to improve global climate practices. Bhutan’s th
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Crastan, Valentin. "Population, GDP, Energy and CO2 Emissions of World, OECD, Non-OECD, G-20." In Global Energy Demand and 2-degree Target, Report 2014. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12310-3_13.

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Al Alwan, Nada A. S. "General Oncology Care in Iraq." In Cancer in the Arab World. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_5.

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AbstractThe estimated population of Iraq (40,222,493 in 2020) continues to grow at a rate of 2.4% per year; only 5% is over 60 years with a life expectancy approaching 72 years. There are 18 governorates in Iraq. Before 1990, Iraq had the most robust healthcare system in the Middle East. The consequences of the successive wars and political instability yielded a significant shortage in the medical resources and funds. Currently, the government spends 6–7% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the health sector, providing free of charge services to all citizens through a network of primary hea
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Wang, Kai. "A 20-Year Retrospective and Trend Analysis of China’s National Spatial Development." In Urban Sustainability. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7729-7_1.

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AbstractOver the past two decades, China’s comprehensive national strength has continuously increased, leading to significant changes in the national spatial pattern and profound impacts on the world economy and global urban systems. The country’s share of global GDP has risen from 3.6 to 17.0%, making it the world’s second-largest economy after the United States. The urban population has grown from 450 to 930 million, experiencing the largest and fastest urbanization process in world history.
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Mehdi, Itrat, Abdul Aziz Al Farsi, Bassim Al Bahrani, and Shadha S. Al-Raisi. "General Oncology Care in Oman." In Cancer in the Arab World. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_12.

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AbstractThe Sultanate of Oman is located on the Arabian Peninsula and is part of Western Asia. Oman has a relatively young population. The economy is based on oil, agriculture, fishing, and overseas trading. Oman spends around 3% of its GDP on health care. Omani nationals have free access to public healthcare. Due to increased incomes and changing lifestyles, the rate of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) including cancer is rising. This is slowly saturating the system and increasing health care costs. Cancer is now the third leading cause of mortality. The age-adjusted annual incidence of cancer
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Conference papers on the topic "World GDP"

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Tamas, Anca. "DETERMINANTS OF THE TRADE BETWEEN BRICS COUNTRIES A GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s03/22.

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The aim of this paper is to find out the main determinants of the bilateral trade between the BRICS countries. The BRICS countries are fast growing, emerging markets, relatively recently known as a group that counts for more than a third of the world�s land and more than 40% of the world�s population. The augmented gravity model was used because is the model that explains most of the international bilateral trade and a panel approach was chosen to address the heteroskedasticity issues. The linear regression using Panel Least Squares Method was performed, with bilateral trade as dependent varia
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Rhee, Hyun-Jae. "Convergence of GDP between Different Income Groups in the World." In 10th International Workshop on Business 2016. Global Vision School Publication, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/asehl.2016.3.01.

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Гращенкова, Наталья Васильевна. "THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL CRISES ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник статей LIX международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Январь 2025). Crossref, 2025. https://doi.org/10.37539/250110.2025.89.85.003.

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В статье рассмотрена взаимосвязь темпов роста экономики с энергоемкость ВВП с целью определения влияния последствий мировых кризисов на устойчивое развитие экономик стран лидеров по величине ВВП за 2000-2023гг. The article examines the relationship between economic growth rates and the energy intensity of GDP in order to determine the impact of the effects of global crises on the sustainable development of the economies of the leading countries in terms of GDP for 2000-2023.
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Choudhury, Dr Rahul Gupta. "Relationship between Population, Urbanization, and GDP Per Capita among the various regions of the World." In 6th World Conference on Business, Management, Finance, Economics and Marketing. Eurasia Conferences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.62422/978-81-970328-1-3-009.

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Many articles have been written on the characteristics of the development of the advanced countries. There seems to be a consensus on how urbanization is closely linked to GDP per capita of a region or country – across the world. This research study wants to find out if that is the case and how different regions and countries across the world are performing on the crucial parameters of population, urbanization, and GDP per capita. While ‘’demographic dividend’’ is a boon for the country, excess population pressure may have negative impacts on an area as it increases the demands on resources li
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Moiseev, V. V., E. A. Karelina, R. A. Khalturin, and M. Yu Karelina. "Industrial infrastructure as an indicator of Russian GDP growth." In Proceedings of the International conference "Economy in the modern world" (ICEMW 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemw-18.2018.23.

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Anzilli, L., G. Facchinetti, and G. Mastroleo. "“Beyond GDP”: A fuzzy way to measure the Country Wellbeing." In 2013 Joint IFSA World Congress and NAFIPS Annual Meeting (IFSA/NAFIPS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifsa-nafips.2013.6608461.

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Natividad Gómez, Patricia, and Milton Otiniano Quispe. "Relevant Factors That Intervene In World Happiness, Analysis Of Countries With High Happiness And Low Gdp." In The 19th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Prospective and trends in technology and skills for sustainable social development” “Leveraging emerging technologies to construct the future”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2021.1.1.303.

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Ustabaş, Ayfer, and Tanses Yasemin Gülsoy. "The Relationships Between the Female Labor Force Participation Rate and Economic Development: A Correlation Analysis for Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01912.

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Integration of women into the labor market has been a crucial indicator of economic development and social welfare. Although Turkey has taken important steps in terms of integrating with the world economy by shifting from an import-substituting industrialization model to an export-oriented growth strategy from the 1980s onward, female labor force participation rates and the significant regional variations in these rates indicate that women’s integration into the labor force has not kept pace with economic development. &#x0D; The influence of economic growth on female employment participation h
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Kolosov, A. V. "Development of the digital economy in the modern world." In All-Russian Scientific Conference "Russian Science, Innovation, Education - 2022". Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/rosnio.2022.3.193-203.

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Artificial intelligence is the endowment of a machine with the properties of human intelligence to solve a wide range of tasks using big data. One of these properties is the ability to learn, which is used in the development of image recognition systems. In this paper, various approaches to the definition of the digital economy are investigated, the types of the latest business models in the field of the digital economy are considered, digital business transformations are analyzed and the main trends are identified. In 5 years, the share of the digital economy in global GDP will exceed 60%. Th
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Bayraktar, Murat, and Neşe Algan. "The Importance Of SMEs On World Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02265.

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The importance of SMEs to world economies is well reported. SMEs (firms with 200 or less employees) construct the biggest business sector in each global economy therefore governments around the world are increase the effort to promote and support SME expansion as their national development strategy. Micro firms and SMEs are forming the majority of firms in most countries (which 95% on average) and for the large majority of jobs. While SMEs are dominating of very great numbers, SMEs are significant due to their importance as priority drivers to employment, economic growth and innovation. Accord
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Reports on the topic "World GDP"

1

Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban, and Jialing Zhang. Local GDP Estimates Around the World. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3386/w33458.

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Cesa-Bianchi, Ambrogio, M. Hashem Pesaran, Alessandro Rebucci, and TengTeng Xu. China's Emergence in the World Economy and Business Cycles in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011334.

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This paper investigates how changes in trade linkages between China, Latin America, and the rest of the world have altered the transmission of international business cycles to Latin America. Evidence based on a GVAR model for five large Latin American economies shows that the long-term impact of a China GDP shock on the typical Latin American economy has increased by three times since the mid-1990s, while the long-term impact of a US GDP shock has halved, while the transmission of shocks to Latin America and the rest of emerging Asia GDP (excluding China and India) has not changed. These chang
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Gust, Sarah. Global Universal Basic Skills: Current Deficits and Implications for World Development. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2022/114.

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How far is the world away from ensuring that every child obtains the basic skills needed to be internationally competitive? And what would accomplishing this mean for world development? Based on the micro data of international and regional achievement tests, we map achievement onto a common (PISA) scale. We then estimate the share of children not achieving basic skills for 159 countries that cover 98.1 percent of world population and 99.4 percent of world GDP. We find that at least two-thirds of the world’s youth do not reach basic skill levels, ranging from 24 percent in North America to 89 p
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Tian, Nan, Aude Fleurant, Pieter D. Wezeman, and Siemon T. Wezeman. Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2016. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/zzcw7025.

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World military expenditure is estimated to have been $1686 billion in 2016, equivalent to 2.2 per cent of the global gross domestic product (GDP) or $227 per person. The 2016 estimate is a marginal increase of about 0.4 per cent in real terms on 2015. After 13 consecutive years of increases (from 1998 to 2011), world military spending has continued to plateau—with only minor decreases between 2011 and 2014 (an average of 0.7 per cent per annum) and slight increases in 2015 and 2016. From 24 April 2017 the SIPRI Military Expenditure Database includes newly released information on military expen
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Behrman, Jere R., Miguel Székely, and Suzanne Duryea. Aging and Economic Opportunities: Major World Regions around the Turn of the Century. Inter-American Development Bank, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010767.

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This paper presents new evidence for major world regions and for the most populous countries in each region on associations between the average ages of populations and three groups of economic outcomes: (1) macroeconomic aggregates (domestic saving as a share of GDP, GDP per capita, capital per worker and tax revenue as a share of GDP); (2) governmental expenditures on education and health; and (3) social indicators (inequality, unemployment, homicide rates, and schooling progression rates). The results suggest that the variables considered follow clear age-related patterns, that the patterns
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Tian, Nan, Diego Lopes da Silva, Xiao Liang, and Lorenzo Scarazzato. Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2023. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/bqga2180.

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World military expenditure increased for the ninth consecutive year in 2023, reaching a total of $2443 billion. The 6.8 per cent increase in 2023 was the steepest year-on-year rise since 2009 and pushed global spending to the highest level SIPRI has ever recorded. The world military burden—defined as military spending as a percentage of global gross domestic product (GDP)—increased to 2.3 per cent in 2023. Average military expenditure as a share of government expenditure rose by 0.4 percentage points to 6.9 per cent in 2023 and world military spending per person was the highest since 1990, at
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Rebucci, Alessandro, Pietro Cova, and Massimiliano Pisani. Macroeconomic Effects of China's Fiscal Stimulus. Inter-American Development Bank, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010997.

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This paper analyzes the macroeconomic impact of Chinas 2009-2010 fiscal stimulus package by simulating a dynamic general equilibrium multi-country model of the world economy, showing that the effects on Chinas economic activity are sizeable: absent fiscal stimulus Chinas GDP would be 2.6 and 0.6 percentage points lower in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The effects are stronger under a US dollar peg because of the imported loose monetary policy stance from the United States. Higher Chinese aggregate demand stimulates higher (gross and net) imports from other regions, in particular from Japan and
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Ardanaz, Martín, and Carlos Scartascini. Why Don't We Tax the Rich? Inequality, Legislative Malapportionment, and Personal Income Taxation around the World. Inter-American Development Bank, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011353.

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This paper argues that the details of political institutions help explain the low levels of personal income taxation. In particular, legislative malapportionment enables rich elites to exercise disproportionate political influence. Because over-represented districts tend to be dominated by parties aligned with the elite, these groups can block legislative attempts to introduce progressive taxes. Using a sample of more than 50 countries (including 17 across Latin America) between 1990 and 2007, this paper finds that i) countries with historically more unequal distributions of wealth and income
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Liang, Xiao, Nan Tian, Diego Lopes da Silva, Lorenzo Scarazzato, Zubaida A. Karim, and Jade Guiberteau Ricard. Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2024. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2025. https://doi.org/10.55163/avec8366.

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World military expenditure rose to $2718 billion in 2024, meaning that spending has increased every year for a full decade, going up by 37 per cent between 2015 and 2024. The 9.4 per cent increase in 2024 was the steepest year-on-year rise since at least 1988. The global military burden—the share of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP) devoted to military expenditure—increased to 2.5 per cent in 2024. Average military expenditure as a share of government expenditure rose to 7.1 per cent in 2024 and world military spending per person was the highest since 1990, at $334. For the second year
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Ali, Salamat, and Brendan Vickers. Beyond Trade and GDP: Exploring the Wealth of the Commonwealth. Commonwealth Secretariat, 2023. https://doi.org/10.14217/comsec.1112.

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Gross domestic product (GDP) and the value of trade in goods and services are macroeconomic indicators that are widely used to assess a country’s level of development, economic wellbeing and growth prospects. Both GDP and trade are constructs developed by economists and may not necessarily align with the way citizens perceive the world. GDP is a one-dimensional measure of economic activity that captures only market transactions and disregards distributional inequalities. It also overlooks the role played by other valuable assets such as natural resources, land, water, minerals and ecosystem se
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