Academic literature on the topic 'World Pacifist Movements'
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Journal articles on the topic "World Pacifist Movements"
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Mariani, Giorgio. "Emerson’s Superhero." Review of International American Studies 13, no. 1 (August 16, 2020): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/rias.7771.
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After offering some preliminary remarks on the notion of what makes a “captive mind,” the article shifts its attention to one of the most significant and yet relatively neglected early essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson, the essay “War.” This text, I argue, deserves not only to be considered the (largely forgotten) founding document of the American anti-war movement, but it remains important even today, as it sheds light on the inevitable contradictions and double-binds any serious movement against war and for social justice must face. It is a text, in other words, which helps us highlight some of the problems we run into—both conceptually and practically—when we try to free our minds from a given mindset, but we must still rely on a world that is pretty much the outcome of the ideologies, customs, and traditions we wish to transcend. To imagine a world free of violence and war is the age-old problem of how to change the world and make it “new” when the practical and intellectual instruments we have are all steeped in the old world we want to abolish. Emerson’s thinking provides a basis to unpack the aporias of what, historically speaking, the antiwar movement has been, both inside and outside the US. The article concludes by examining some recent collections of US pacifist and anti-war writings, as providing useful examples of the challenges antiwar, and more generally protest movements, must face.
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Haxhiymeri, Arben. "Re-Thinking the Very Concept of Peace." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 10, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i1.p96-100.
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The appreciation of Peace, the promotion of its values, and the efforts for its attainment as the only way to cope with horrifyingly destructive dimensions of the war we are facing with on a daily basis since so many long years all across the world urges nowadays to the extreme. This necessity appears to such an extent, and with such intensity, as to having been transformed more than ever in one of the most dominant catchphrases of political, social, intellectual and practical discourses of our violent times, a ubiquitous topic within universities, governments, civil societies and other non-governmental organizations and institutions. There are large pacifist movements which are facing off ever more actively against the war. There is also an ever more active engagement of many intellectuals and artists poised to face off against the hawkish and bellicose aesthetics we were facing with up to last two or three decades in most Western countries by a constructive bolstering and promotion of a peaceable and pacifistic aesthetics. By the 1970s the new discipline of peace studies, embracing the history and philosophy of peace, was well establish. Since 1980 there is even a university dedicated to Peace studies, the United Nations mandated “University for Peace”, with its main campus in Costa Rica, which is launching its programs and establishing its centers around the world. About 30 years ago will faced and will be very active well known the CPP, Concerned Philosophers for Peace is the largest, most active organization of professional philosophers in North American involved in the analysis of the causes of violence and prospects for peace. And, many philosophers and thinkers are engaged in the international peace dialog and a large number of separated initiatives that have involving a significant number and pages of essays and conferences on philosophy of war and on the Philosophy of Peace, too.
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Jannette, Lauren. "From Horrors Past to Horrors Future: Pacifist War Art (1919–1939)." Arts 9, no. 3 (July 13, 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts9030080.
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In this paper, I argue that interwar pacifists working in France presented an evolving narrative of what the First World War represented in order to maintain support for their movement and a continued peace in Europe. Utilizing posters, photographs, pamphlets, and art instillations created by pacifist organizations, I interject in ongoing debates over the First World War as a moment of rupture in art and pacifism in France, arguing that the moment of rupture occurred a decade after the conflict had ended with the failure of the Conference for the Reduction and Limitation of Armaments of 1932–1934 and the election of Hitler as the leader of a remilitarized Germany. Pacifist art of the 1920s saw a return to traditional motifs and styles of art that remembered the horrors of the past war. This return to tradition aimed to inspire adherence to the new pacifist organizations in the hopes of creating a new peace-filled world. The era of optimism and tradition ended with the economic and political crisis of the early 1930s, forcing pacifists to reconceptualize the images and styles of art that they utilized. Instead of relying on depictions of the horrors of the past war, these images shifted the focus to the mass civilian casualties future wars would bring in a desperate struggle to prevent the outbreak of another world war.
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Jiménez Fernández, Jaime Francisco. ""Militarism is a Movement of Retrogression": the Feminist Pacifism of Jane Addams, Mabel St Clair Stobart and Rose Macaulay in World War I." Revista Internacional de Culturas y Literaturas, no. 23 (2020): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ricl.2020.i23.17.
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The telling of the Great War (1914-1918), mainly through the point of view of combatants, is one of the best scenarios exemplifying how women have been obviated and censored throughout history. Moreover, the engagement of pacifist women in the conflict has been doubly belittled due to a misinterpretation of the term ‘pacifism’. Consequently, this paper aims at re-examining the origins and values of pacifism from a western perspective and giving visibility to pacifists Jane Addams, Mabel St Clair Stobart and Rose Macaulay and their efforts during the event.
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Rochelson, Meri-Jane. "“THEY THAT WALK IN DARKNESS”: GHETTO TRAGEDIES: THE USES OF CHRISTIANITY IN ISRAEL ZANGWILL’S FICTION." Victorian Literature and Culture 27, no. 1 (March 1999): 219–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150399271124.
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AT THE END of the Victorian era and in the first decades of the twentieth century, Israel Zangwill was a well-known name in Europe, America, and even the Middle East. The enormous success of his 1892 novel Children of the Ghetto had made Zangwill the spokesperson for English Jewry throughout the world, as he revealed and explained an alien community to its non-Jewish neighbors and made the universe of the Jewish immigrants more intelligible to their acculturated coreligionists. An early Zionist, Zangwill met with Theodore Herzl in London and attended the first Zionist Congress in Basel in 1897; he continued to participate in the movement until 1905, when he formed his own nationalist group, the Jewish Territorial Organization (ITO). He became active in the pacifist and feminist movements of the early 1900s, and his literary output of that period for the most part reflects those interests, although he still explored issues of Jewish identity in numerous short stories and the highly popular play The Melting Pot (1908). In all, Zangwill published eight novels, nine collections of short fiction, eleven plays, and a volume of poetry, writing on both Jewish and more general themes; and (with the exception of some of his later thesis drama) his work was for the most part both popular and acclaimed. During the later 1880s and 1890s Zangwill was a prolific journalist, publishing columns on literature and current topics not only in the Jewish Standard, but also in the comic paper Puck (later Ariel, which he also edited), the Critic, and the Pall Mall Magazine. In short, he was very much a turn-of-the-century literary personality, esteemed as one of their own by his Jewish readers, but also prominent in the more general transatlantic literary milieu.
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Abal, Federico Germán. "Why Pacifist Leadership Overcomes the Over-Demandingness Objection." Acorn 19, no. 2 (2019): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acorn202112813.
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Being a pacifist who refrains from lethal violence is considered a praiseworthy commitment but not morally obligatory. One reason for denying that pacifism is morally obligatory is the high cost that would be implied for agents under attack, who cannot defend their own lives. Thus, pacifists are usually seen as lambs between lions and, therefore, pacifism is seen as morally over-demanding. In this paper, I intend to clarify the over-demandingness objection and to show its limits against pacifism. First, I argue that the cost of an act is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition to determine its obligatory nature. Second, arguing from an analogy to Batman, I maintain that there is a plausible moral obligation to never use lethal violence against another human being that arises from adopting a specific social role, namely, the leadership of a pacifist movement.
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Romer, Nancy. "The Radical Potential of the Food Justice Movement." Radical Teacher 98 (February 27, 2014): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/rt.2014.78.
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The two main threats to our people and planet are climate change and corporate control of our economy and polity.[1] These enormous and completely intertwined issues will take a mass movement of epic proportions to shift. Time is of the essence as climate, economic and political disasters keep coming, ever gaining in intensity, impoverishing our people while enriching the transnational and national corporations. Agreements like the Trans Pacific Partnership that would further strip national governments of their rights to protect labor and the environments in favor of protecting corporate profits cast this future as likely to deepen. The need to build dynamic and effective movements that embody the needs of our people is an imperative for those of us who believe that only democratic struggles, led by the most oppressed and joined by allies, can create a new world. We need that new world more than ever as we face the realities of life on earth shifting before our very eyes. The Food Justice Movement (FJM) offers a door through which to enter the enormous and often baffling labyrinth of broad sectors, issues, analyses and strategies of movements that exist and need to expand and gel.
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Marty, William R. "A New Political Pacifism." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 30, no. 1 (2018): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2018301/25.
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In the aftermath of the carnage of World War I, a politically engaged pacifism spread rapidly among a number of traditionally non-peace churches, and among the populations of England and America. This pacifism meant to be effective in the world, and it was: it swayed the democracies of England and America to adopt many of its policies. It meant to achieve peace and end war. Represented as what Christian love requires in political life, it failed utterly and completely in its aims both as political prescription and understanding of Christianity. The relevance of this essay is that many of the erroneous assumptions and failed policies of the church peace movement of the 1930s appear to be still the assumptions and policies of secular statesmen of the present. The errors of the political pacifists live on, and if they are not corrected, the consequences are likely to be the same, or worse, for next time, unless we are wiser than the last, the evil ones may prevail.
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Johnson, Andrea Shan. "A Shudder Swept Through Them." PNEUMA 38, no. 3 (2016): 312–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-03803002.
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Upon hearing that baptism should be administered by immersion while invoking the name of Jesus at the Arroyo Seco camp meeting of 1913, one minister expressed concern that this practice would associate the early pentecostal movement with a man named Sykes. Who Sykes was has been the matter of some mystery, but this research based on archival holdings and newspapers suggests that it was Joshua Sykes, a pacifist preacher who lived in both Los Angeles and the Bay Area. Sykes represents Progressive era controversies in religion and in pacifism, and his history explains some of the early resistance to adopting this particular form of baptism.
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Ichinokawa, Momoko, Atilio L. Coan,, and Yukio Takeuchi. "Transoceanic migration rates of young North Pacific albacore, Thunnus alalunga, from conventional tagging data." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, no. 8 (August 2008): 1681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-095.
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This study summarizes US and Japanese historical North Pacific albacore ( Thunnus alalunga) tagging data and uses maximum likelihood methods to estimate seasonal migration rates of young North Pacific albacore. Previous studies related to North Pacific albacore migration have found that the frequency of albacore migrations is difficult to quantify because of inadequate amounts of tags released by the US tagging program in the western Pacific. Use of the combined Japan and US tagging data solves this problem. This study also incorporates specific seasonal migration routes, hypothesized in past qualitative analyses, to avoid overparameterization problems. The estimated migration patterns qualitatively correspond to those from previous studies and suggest the possibility of frequent westward movements and infrequent eastward movements in the North Pacific. This frequent westward movement of young albacore in the North Pacific would correspond to a part of albacore life history in which immature fish recruit into fisheries in the western and eastern Pacific and then gradually move near to their spawning grounds in the central and western Pacific before maturing.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "World Pacifist Movements"
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Morrison, Janet Rachel. "Cycles of protest in the post-war British peace movement." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101133.
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The purpose of this paper is to describe and explain the dynamics of the post-war British peace movement. This examination will account for, and link the two distinct phases of activity which encompassed at their peaks, the periods of 1958 to 1960, and 1981 to 1983. The defence issue declined in salience in the intervening years and was largely ignored.
The paper sets out to account for these cycles of protest by determining four key factors; the creation of a potential clientele, the symbolic meaning of the movement, the catalytic historical events and the incentives for mobilisation. Three theories are used to explain these elements. Inglehart's 'Post-Materialism' thesis is utilised to explain the presence of a potential clientele in terms of a new value orientation that is emerging among post-war generations due to the unprecedented affluence experienced in their formative years. Parkin's case study of the first phase of the movement provides the symbolic protest element, that explains the salience of the peace movement to these post-materialists. It also suggests that the clientele's interest in the issue lasts as long as the issue is significant and that as soon as it declines other issues claim their attentions and energies. The final vital element is explained by adapting Olson's cost and benefit 'Collective Action' theory to this non-economic case. This theory suggests that the prominent peace movement organisation, the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, provided and distributed vital selective incentives that motivated the existing clientele into protest activity. However, once the costs of non-achievement of policy goals add to the costs of protest activity (which are being raised by the radicalisation of tactics) and the organisation becomes inefficient at distributing these selective goods, the incentive to participate is removed and activity begins to decline.
The combination of these three theories with the impact of historical atmosphere and a catalytic event creates a coherent explanation of the movement in both phases.M.A.
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Flessati, Valerie. "PAX : the history of a Catholic peace society in Britain 1936-1971." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3801.
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In 1936 the founders of PAX aimed at 'resistance to modern warfare on grounds of traditional morality'. Believing that 'just war' criteria could no longer be met, they called themselves pacifists. Although most members were Roman Catholic Pax did not claim to be a 'Catholic society' because the RC Church at that time took an opposing view, particularly of conscientious objection. Church authorities attempted to censor Pax literature and instructed clergy to resign from the society. Pax supported conscientious objectors during the Second World War. When membership declined afterwards it continued to publish the Pax Bulletin and to provide a forum where Catholics could debate theological and practical questions of war and peace. By the 1960s Pax had gained some distinguished sponsors and a branch in the United States - support which enabled it to influence debate at the Second Vatican Council in 1965. The Council endorsed the right to conscientious objection. In 1971 Pax merged with Pax Christi, the international Catholic peace organisation which began in France in 1944/45. This is the first detailed historical study of the Roman Catholic element in the British peace movement. The story of Pax demonstrates the part that even a small pressure group can play in changing public opinion through patient work. Eventually, despite apathy and opposition, Pax helped bring the RC Church to a recognition of the right to conscientious objection and played a crucial role in the development of a more widespread peace movement within the Church
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Nank, Christopher Fenstermaker John J. "World War I narratives and the American Peace Movement, 1920-1936." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06072005-165446.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005.Advisor: Dr. John Fenstermaker, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of English. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 21, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 150 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Lucander, David. "“It is a new kind of militancy”: March on Washington Movement, 1941–1946." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3409817.
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This study of the March on Washington Movement (MOWM) investigates the operations of the national office and examines its interactions with local branches, particularly in St. Louis. As the organization's president, A. Philip Randolph and members of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) such as Benjamin McLaurin and T.D. McNeal are important figures in this story. African American women such as Layle Lane, E. Pauline Myers, and Anna Arnold Hedgeman ran MOWM's national office. Of particular importance to this study is Myers' tenure as executive secretary. Working out of Harlem, she corresponded with MOWM's twenty-six local chapters, spending considerable time espousing the rationale and ideology of Non-Violent Goodwill Direct Action, a trademark protest technique developed and implemented alongside Fellowship of Reconciliation members Bayard Rustin and James Farmer. As a nationally recognized African American protest organization fighting for a "Double V" against fascism and racism during the Second World War, MOWM accrued political capital by the agitation of its local affiliates. In some cases, like in Washington, D.C., volunteers lacked the ability to forge effective protests. In St. Louis, however, BSCP official T.D. McNeal led a MOWM branch that was among the nation's most active. David Grant, Thelma Maddox, Nita Blackwell, and Leyton Weston are some of the thousands joining McNeal over a three-year period to picket U.S. Cartridge and Carter Carburetor for violating the anti-discrimination clause in Executive Order 8802, lobby Southwestern Bell Telephone to expand employment opportunities for African Americans, stage a summer of sit-ins at lunch counters in the city's largest department stores, and lead a general push for a "Double V" against fascism and racism. This study of MOWM demonstrates that the structural dynamics of protest groups often include a discrepancy between policies laid out by the organization's national office and the activity of its local branches. While national officials from MOWM and National Organization for the Advancement of Colored People had an ambivalent relationship with each other, inter-organizational tension was locally muted as grassroots activists aligned themselves with whichever group appeared most effective. During the Second World War, this was often MOWM.
Books on the topic "World Pacifist Movements"
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Kharkhardin, O. S. The Soviet people in the world anti-war movement. Moscow: Nauka Publishers, 1986.
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Zeitzer, Glen. The American peace movement during the Second World War. [Pennsylvania: s.n.], 1999.
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Beck, Sanderson. World peace efforts since Gandhi. 2nd ed. Goleta, Calif: World Peace Communications, 2006.
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Beck, Sanderson. Guides to peace and justice: Great peacemakers, philosophers of peace, and world peace advocates. Ojai, Calif: World Peace Communications, 2003.
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Cortesi, Luigi. Le armi della critica: Guerra e rivoluzione pacifista. Napoli: CUEN, 1991.
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Borries, Maria von. Einer der aktivsten deutschen Pazifisten: Arnold Kalisch : eine Dokumentation. Bramsche: Rasch, 2003.
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Wallis, Jill. Mother of world peace: The life of Muriel Lester. Enfield Lock, Middlesex, UK: Hisarlik Press, 1993.
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Blume, Isabelle. Le mouvement de la paix: Un temoignage. [Bruxelles]: Gamma Press et Service Bibliotheque et Archives Institut Emile Vandervelde, 1996.
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Rotberg, Robert I. A leadership for peace: How Edwin Ginn tried to change the world. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "World Pacifist Movements"
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Sharp, Ingrid. "‘A foolish dream of sisterhood’: Anti-Pacifist Debates in the German Women’s Movement, 1914–1919." In Gender and the First World War, 195–213. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137302205_12.
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Bennette, Rebecca Ayako. "Epilogue." In Diagnosing Dissent, 139–46. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501751202.003.0006.
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This chapter covers the narrative of dissent and medicalization during World War I into the post-1918 era, and provides a summary of some of the larger conclusions that can be taken from the re-examination of wartime psychiatry. It discusses pre-war pacifism that never embraced conscientious objection as a stance before the war. It also refers to the pacifists who during the fighting between 1914 and 1918 refused to serve and became leaders of the growing movement of more radical pacifism in Weimar Germany. The chapter recounts the subsequent development of the radical pacifism of Weimar and its roots in the dissent that was evident in the medicalized system dealing with psychologically traumatized soldiers. It reviews wartime psychiatry that fundamentally informs larger historical questions concerning modern German history.
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"Pacifism, War Resistance and Reconciliation." In Peace Movements: International Protest and World Politics Since 1945, 230–72. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315846545-17.
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Goedde, Petra. "War on Peace." In The Politics of Peace, 162–88. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195370836.003.0007.
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The emergence of decolonization and national liberation movements in the Global South in the 1950s and 1960s exposed the limits of pacifism and nonviolent movement strategies. In a strange twist that escaped most cold warriors, it was the Third World liberationists’ language of freedom and liberation that made some peace advocates question their adherence to nonviolence. Sympathetic to the demands for independence in Asia and Africa, they condemned the violence with which colonial regimes and ruling elites backed by former colonial powers maintained control over indigenous populations. The level of violence from above called into question the precept of nonviolence as the best and only acceptable strategy. Nonviolence and pacifism became increasingly marginalized in the antiwar discourse as the 1960s drew to a close, contributing to the radicalization and ultimate fragmentation of the protest movements.
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Aronson, Amy. "Radical Pacifist." In Crystal Eastman, 120–50. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199948734.003.0006.
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As World War I began in Europe in 1914, Crystal Eastman helped lead two major peace organizations. She facilitated the founding of the Woman’s Peace Party, today the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), initiating the recruitment of a reluctant Jane Addams to head the national organization while she formed and led the more audacious New York branch. And she served as executive secretary of the American Union Against Militarism, the only American antiwar organization ever to demonstrate that citizen diplomacy could avert war. She joined an impressive group of Progressive reformers—Addams; Lillian Wald, founder of the Henry Street Settlement and the Visiting Nurse Service; Oswald Garrison Villard, National Association for the Advancement of Color People financier and publisher of the Nation; and Rabbi Stephen Wise, leader of the American Jewish Congress. With others, they created the “new peace movement,” which allied world peacekeeping with global democracy, human rights, and economic justice.
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Yamazawa, Ippei. "Free Trade Movement in Asia Pacific." In Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy. Routledge, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203017364.ch23.
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Lee, Yuan T. "BRAIN DRAIN, BRAIN GAIN, AND BRAIN CIRCULATION IN A HALF-GLOBALIZED WORLD." In Global Movements in the Asia Pacific, 1–7. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812833747_0001.
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Man, Simeon. "A World Becoming." In Soldiering through Empire. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520283343.003.0007.
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This final chapter uncovers a little known aspect of antiwar activism in the late 1960s and early 1970s: the GI movement in Asia and the Pacific. President Richard Nixon’s call to “Vietnamize” the war in 1969 had the unintended consequence of deepening antiwar activism on and around U.S. bases in Japan, Okinawa, and the Philippines, where the U.S. air war was being conducted. The Pacific Counseling Service, a New Left organization founded in the Bay Area in 1968, played a critical role. At these locales, GIs and their organizers came to see the Vietnam War as a phase of a larger problem rooted in the overlapping histories of empire; they forged fragile political alliances with local baseworkers and anti-imperialist activists that deepened their antiwar politics and steered them toward the work of achieving an unfinished decolonization.
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Matsumoto, Yuko. "Americanization and Beika." In Trans-Pacific Japanese American Studies. University of Hawai'i Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824847586.003.0008.
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The Americanization movement in the early twentieth century tried to redefine the qualifications for full membership within the nation. In the same period, the anti-Asian movement flourished. Responding actively to the discourses of anti-Japanese (and Asian) movements, Japanese immigrants tried to prove their eligibility for full membership in the U.S. nation by following their own interpretation of Americanization, or Beika (米化) in Japanese. The ideas of Beika were based on idealized Japanese virtues, as well as on what was required by the Americanization movement. Even though they used the parallel terms in ideas of Beika, however, the gender discourses such as virtues of Yamatonadeshiko and the definition of family highlighted the difference between the views of Americanization and those of Beika despite their similar intention. This gap in perception might have reinforced the racialized and gendered stereotypes on both sides and hindered mutual understanding before World War II.
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"Dissenting Voices Pacifism, Feminist Ferment, and the Women’s Movement." In Germany and Propaganda in World War I. I.B. Tauris, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755624126.ch-005.
Full textConference papers on the topic "World Pacifist Movements"
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Morey, Jim, and John Gammack. "A data visualisation for horizontal eye-movements." In 2015 2nd Asia-Pacific World Congress on Computer Science and Engineering (APWC on CSE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apwccse.2015.7476243.
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Zhang, Lu, Zhu Sun, Jie Zhang, Yu Lei, Chen Li, Ziqing Wu, Horst Kloeden, and Felix Klanner. "An Interactive Multi-Task Learning Framework for Next POI Recommendation with Uncertain Check-ins." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/491.
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Studies on next point-of-interest (POI) recommendation mainly seek to learn users' transition patterns with certain historical check-ins. However, in reality, users' movements are typically uncertain (i.e., fuzzy and incomplete) where most existing methods suffer from the transition pattern vanishing issue. To ease this issue, we propose a novel interactive multi-task learning (iMTL) framework to better exploit the interplay between activity and location preference. Specifically, iMTL introduces: (1) temporal-aware activity encoder equipped with fuzzy characterization over uncertain check-ins to unveil the latent activity transition patterns; (2) spatial-aware location preference encoder to capture the latent location transition patterns; and (3) task-specific decoder to make use of the learned latent transition patterns and enhance both activity and location prediction tasks in an interactive manner. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets show the superiority of iMTL.
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Cardenas, Ariel Gasca, and Edilberto Gutierrez. "The Challenge of Crossing the Andes: A Data Base Analysis and Peru LNG Project Description." In ASME 2013 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2013-1951.
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As of the date this paper is written pipelines in South America comprises 113000 kms of transmission lines including Oil, Gas, Condensates, and refined products from which approximately 17% (19400 kms) crosses the Andes reaching elevations up to near 5000mts. Rugged terrain combined with the geology, weather conditions (especially rain intensity) and continuous pipe ruptures in the past impose serious challenges for the pipeline industry that makes the design, construction and operation substantially different from other pipelines in the world. The records have shown that the threat of Ground movement/weather-related pipeline ruptures in the Andes plays a significant role since the percentage of the risk associated with geotechnical causes is substantially higher than any other parts such as Europe or United States. Thus the rate of pipeline failures due to natural forces is significant higher than the average industry. Peru LNG is a 406km × 34in gas pipeline transporting natural gas from the jungle side of Peru to the Pacific Coast where a LNG terminal has been installed. Peru LNG’s pipeline currently holds the record of being the highest Gas Pipeline of the world with a maximum elevation of 4901 meters above sea level. Project completion was done in May 2010 and lessons learnt from similar projects were taken into account since project designs. This paper is divided in two parts. First, it compares pipeline ruptures frequencies due to natural forces in the Andes with other pipelines in different terrains based on historical cases compiled by the authors. Secondly, it explains the different phases of Pipeline Project in rugged terrain from the conceptual design until the operations stage and the role of Pipeline Geotechnical Engineers in this process based on PERU LNG’s pipeline experience. It also describes some of the main features of the PLNG pipeline project. A comprehensive flow chart provides general guidance for future pipeline projects in similar conditions.
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Kelson, Keith I., Christopher S. Hitchcock, John N. Baldwin, James D. Hart, James C. Gamble, Chih-Hung Lee, and Frank Dauby. "Fault Rupture Assessments for High-Pressure Pipelines in the Southern San Francisco Bay Area, California." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0212.
Full textAbstract:
The San Andreas, Hayward, and Calaveras faults are major active faults that traverse the San Francisco Bay area in northern California, and may produce surface rupture during large earthquakes. We assessed the entire Pacific Gas & Electric Company natural gas transmission system in northern California, and identified several locations where primary pipelines cross these faults. The goal of this effort was to develop reasonable measures for mitigating fault-rupture hazards during the occurrence of various earthquake scenarios. Because fault creep (e.g., slow, progressive movement in the absence of large earthquakes) occurs at the pipeline fault crossings, we developed an innovative approach that accounts for the reduction in expected surface displacement, as a result of fault creep, during a large earthquake. In addition, we used recently developed data on the distribution of displacement across fault zones to provide likely scenarios of the seismic demand on each pipeline. Our overall approach involves (1) identifying primary, high-hazard fault crossings throughout the pipeline system, (2) delineating the location, width, and orientation of the active fault zone at specific fault-crossing sites, (3) characterizing the likely amount, direction, and distribution of expected surface fault displacement at these sites, (4) evaluating geotechnical soil conditions at the fault crossings, (5) modeling pipeline response, and (6) developing mitigation measures. At specific fault crossings, we documented fault locations, widths, and orientations on the basis of detailed field mapping and exploratory trenching. We estimated fault displacements based on expected earthquake magnitude, and then adjusted these values to account for the effects of fault creep at the ground surface. Fault creep decreases the amount of expected surface fault rupture, such that sites having high creep rates are expected to experience proportionally less surface displacement during a large earthquake. Lastly, we modeled the expected amount of surface offset to reflect the distribution of offset across the fault zone, based on data from historical surface ruptures throughout the world. Where specific fault crossings contain a single primary fault strand, we estimated that 85% of the total surface offset occurs on the main fault and the remainder occurs as secondary deformation. At sites where the pipeline crosses multiple active fault strands in a broad zone, we consider complex rupture distributions. Using this approach yields realistic, appropriately conservative estimates of surface displacement for assessing seismic demands on the pipelines.