Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'World political process'

Orientador: Marcelo El Khouri Buzato<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T03:43:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sachs_RafaelSalmazi_M.pdf: 10793959 bytes, checksum: 2d0fd06b73083ec060e8de59058173ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015<br>Resumo: Esta dissertação teve como objetivo mais amplo gerar inteligibilidades acerca da relação entre a cultura digital e a ação política na contemporaneidade, a partir da articulação, no campo da Linguística Aplicada, entre a noção de linguagem digital como processo e o conceito de política como regime de enunciação, que objetiva traduzir em um os interesses de muitos. Como contexto para o estudo, escolheram-se os eventos das Jornadas de Junho de 2013, caracterizadas tanto pela emergência repentina de massivos protestos de rua no Brasil, quanto pela publicação, em sites de redes sociais, de uma grande quantidade de remixes e mashups contendo enunciados políticos a respeito. Compõem o corpus empírico da pesquisa 88 textos verbovisuais desse tipo, publicados no Facebook entre junho e julho de 2013. Entendidos como frutos de percursos de desmontagem e remontagem, e, portanto, de desressemiotização, esses textos foram analisados com base na articulação (proposta como objetivo teórico do trabalho) entre as categorias da Semiótica Social para a multimodalidade e as da Teoria Ator-Rede para translações. Como objetivo empírico, buscou-se descrever os significados representacionais e os percursos de constituição das montagens do corpus, em relação ao regime de enunciação da política. As perguntas de pesquisa foram duas, a saber: (1) quais foram os principais actantes mobilizados nos remixes estudados, e em que tipo de processos semióticos tais actantes apareceram com maior frequência?; e (2) quais foram algumas das operações de ressemiotização empregadas nas desreestabilizações sucessivas das diferentes versões de Brasil e realidade brasileira constituídas nesses textos? Os resultados elencaram as figurativizações mais comuns e os processos representacionais mais frequentes no corpus, em que os manifestantes, a nação brasileira, os políticos e a grande mídia foram os principais actantes representados, em geral, através de processos atributivos simbólicos. Destacou-se, nesse levantamento, a figura do gigante de pedra se levantando no Rio de Janeiro, empregada por muitos como representação unificada do Brasil e dos interesses múltiplos em atuação nas Jornadas. A partir dessa figura, descreveram-se ainda os processos de negociação de affordances para constituição de alguns dos textos analisados, e sua relação com as disputas pelo significado dos acontecimentos das Jornadas de Junho, e pela definição que era "ser brasileiro" no momento dos protestos. Como conclusão, os dados refletem a necessidade de buscar caminhos para compreensões menos deterministas da relação entre política, tecnologias digitais e sociedade, e modos de formação cidadã, no âmbito das mídias digitais, que viabilizem a compreensão de enunciados políticos como fruto de enredamentos semióticos sempre articulados em disputas de interesse, mesmo quando se pretendem neutros<br>Abstract: The main goal of the present study is to suggest ways of understanding the relation between digital culture and contemporary political action, based on the connection, drawn in the field of Applied Linguistics, between the notion of digital language as process and the concept of politics as a regime of enunciation which aims to translate the interests of many into one. The events of the June Journeys in 2013 were taken as context for the study, since they included not only the sudden emergence of massive protests on Brazilian streets, but also the publishing, on social network sites, of large amounts of remixes and mashups containing political statements on that regard. Seen as the outcomes of disassembling and assembling trajectories, and therefore, of deresemiotization trajectories, those texts were analyzed in the light of an articulation (also presented as a theoretical objective of this work) between Social Semiotics studies on multimodality and Actor-Network Theory principles for the understanding of translations. As empirical objectives, this work aimed to describe the representational meanings and the assembling trajectories of the texts in the corpus, in relation to the political regime of enunciation. The research questions were two: (1) what were the main actants mobilized in the remixes in the corpus, and in which kind of semiotic processes those actants appeared more often?; and (2) what were some of the resemiotization operations used for the continuous derestabilizations of different versions of Brazil and Brazilian reality represented in those texts? Results enroll the most frequent figurativizations and the most usual representational processes in the corpus, in which the demonstrators, Brazilian nation, politicians and mass media were the main actants, and were depicted, in general, through symbolic attributive processes. In that enrollment, the image of a stone giant rising in Rio de Janeiro was prominent, for it was used by many as a unified depiction of Brazil as a whole and of the multiple interests acting during the Journeys. From that picture, the results described the processes of negotiation of affordances for the composition of some of the analyzed texts, and their relation to the disputes for the meaning of the June Journeys events, and for what meant "to be Brazilian" then. As a conclusion, data reflects the need of pursuing less determinist ways of understanding the relation among politics, digital technologies and society, as well as the need for ways of citizenship education, regarding digital media, that address the understanding of political statements as outcomes of semiotic entanglements which are always connected to interests in dispute, even when allegedly neutral<br>Mestrado<br>Linguagem e Sociedade<br>Mestre em Linguística Aplicada

This thesis explores the key permanent and temporary First World War exhibitions held at the Imperial War Museum in London over a fifty year period. In so doing, it examines the theoretical, political and intellectual considerations that inform exhibition-making. It thus illuminates the possibilities, challenges and difficulties, of displaying the 'War to End All Wars'. Furthermore, by situating these displays within their respective social, economic and cultural contexts, this produces a critical analysis of past and present practices of display. A study of these public presentations of the First World War enables discussion of the Museum’s primary agendas, and its role as a national public institution. In considering this with the broader effect of generational shifts and the ever-changing impact of the War’s cultural memory on this institution, the thesis investigates how the Imperial War Museum has consistently reinvented itself to produce engaging portrayals of the conflict for changing audiences.

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"<br>Orientador: Samuel Alves Soares<br>Banca: Flávia de Campos Mello<br>Banca: Marcelo Passini Mariano<br>Resumo: Os processos de integração regional sul-americano são resultado demodelos de integração intergovernamental dos quais a questão supranacional nãovem obtendo grande espaço. As dificuldades em se oferecer concretudes aosprocessos foram significativas, uma vez que os países envolvidos, nãodemonstravam comprometimento com iniciativas que não fossem autocentradas e aofato dos modelos de integração privilegiarem questões materiais. Ao longo dosanos os processos têm avançado com baixo aprofundamento e o ritmo não seadequou às necessidades da região, ou seja, atenuar as assimetrias estruturaise políticas dos Estados nacionais. Muito destes obstáculos devem-se a situaçõesinternas críticas, a principal delas a baixa institucionalização, que nãoproduz mecanismos capazes de absorver as demandas nacionais o que por sua vezreduz os estímulos para o aprofundamento das políticas institucionais dasorganizações construídas. Com o intuito de transformar este cenário regional ealicerçado por um novo paradigma integracionista sul-americano, surge a Uniãodas Nações Sul-americanas (UNASUL), um projeto que busca criar um espaçoregional integrado no âmbito político, social, ambiental e infraestrutura, masque ainda é um projeto de estrutura institucional em construção<br>Abstract: The south american regional integration processes are the results of models of intergovernmental integration in which the supranational issue has not been getting great space. The difficulties in offering concretudes procedures has been significant, since the countries involved have not demonstrated commitment to initiatives that are not self centered and due to the fact that the models of integration prioritise economic issues. Over the years, the processes have advanced with low depth and the pace has not adapted to the needs of the region, reducing the structural imbalances and politicians of the States. Much of these barriers are due to critical internal situations, being the main one the reduced institutional capacity, which does not produce mechanisms capable of absorbing the national demands that allow to reduce the motivation for the depth of institutional policies of built organizations. With the intention of changing this regional scenery and anchored by a new south american integrationist paradigm, comes the Union of South American Nations (UNASUL), a project that seeks to create a regional space integrated into the political, social, environmental and infrastructural, but that is still under construction<br>Mestre

Orientador: Sebastião C. Velasco e Cruz<br>Banca: Oliver Stuenkel<br>Banca: Paulo José dos Reis Pereira<br>O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"<br>Resumo: Esse trabalho é resultado do estudo do processo de negociação do acordo de cooperação nuclear civil, concluído em outubro de 2008, entre os Estados Unidos e a Índia. A pergunta que surge ao deparar com este objeto é como os países concluíram um acordo tão sensível às duas partes tendo um histórico de discordâncias em relação à política nuclear? Tratando-se de um tema sensível e de caráter estratégico, como a questão nuclear, chama a atenção que esses países, distantes na política internacional, tenham se aproximado a tal ponto. O trabalho discorre, portanto, sobre o processo de construção do acordo de cooperação nuclear civil que vem inserido em um contexto de aproximação diplomática e estratégica cuja iniciativa partira dos Estados Unidos. Algumas das motivações e implicações do acordo serão abordadas ao longo do trabalho, mas o objetivo é mostrar como ocorreu o processo de aproximação institucional entre os Estados Unidos e a Índia que resultou no acordo de cooperação nuclear civil<br>Abstract: This work is a result of the study of the negotiation process of the nuclear cooperation deal concluded in October, 2005, between United States and India. The question that emerges when we face this object is how countries with such a historical disagreement about nuclear politics could find a common ground in such a sensitive matter? It calls our attention that these divergent countries in international politics could approximate in the nuclear matter being this a sensitive theme and with a strategic character. This dissertation is about the process of building civil nuclear cooperation deal inserted in the context of diplomatic approximation and strategic initiative which departed from the United States. Some of the motivations and implications of the deal are going to be addressed. However, the main objective is to show how the process of institutional approximation between United States and India that resulted in a pacific nuclear deal occurred<br>Mestre

This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.

In questo elaborato si propone un censimento e un'analisi del recente scenario delle orchestre multietniche in alcuni paesi dell'Europa meridionale. In particolare la rilevazione ha privilegiato gli esiti concernenti l'Italia e il Portogallo, considerando queste due aree come utile riferimento comparativo. La narrazione deriva da una ricognizione panoramica dei fenomeni migratori transnazionali contemporanei e dall'analisi delle pratiche sociali a favore dell'accoglienza e dell'integrazione delle comunità straniere nei nuovi territori di approdo. Questi determinati contesti socio-culturali hanno promosso e agevolato la costruzione di orchestre, cori e bande multietniche, considerate come una sorta di "operazione" per facilitare i delicati processi di integrazione delle comunità migranti nel tessuto locale e per valorizzare le diversità cultuali che caratterizzano le città contemporanee. Si seguono dunque gli esiti e gli sviluppi in itinere delle orchestre multietniche attive in Italia e in Portogallo, e di alcune esperienze recentemente concluse, ponendo particolare attenzione al pensare e al fare dei musicisti, alle pratiche performative in atto e alle trasformazioni musicali occorse nei nuovi contesti di migrazione. Si vuol dimostrare, infine, come questo tipo di accostamento possa aprire la strada ad un incontro tra culture differenti, che assume i connotati di un confronto e di uno scambio tra diverse dimensioni che mirano al riconoscimento e alla ricostruzione della propria identità musicale: un incontro che sul territorio porta con sé nuove e complesse sfide di inclusione, cittadinanza e lo sviluppo di una convivenza pacifica. This work offers a census and an analysis of the recent scene of multi-ethnic orchestras in some countries of southern Europe. The collection of data focused in particular on the outcomes concerning Italy and Portugal, taking these two areas as a useful comparative reference point. The narrative stems from a panoramic exploration of contemporary transnational migration events and from the analysis of social practices favouring reception and integration of foreign communities in the regions which are their landing place. These given socio-cultural contexts fostered and facilitated the construction of orchestras, choirs and multi-ethnic bands, envisioned as a sort of "operation" to ease the delicate processes of integration of migrant communities in the local social fabric and to acknowledge the value of cultural differences that are typical of contemporary cities. Thus, the results and the underway development of multi-ethnic orchestras active in Italy and in Portugal, and of some recently concluded experiences, were monitored, paying attention in particular to musicians' thinking and doing, to ongoing performative practices and to musical transformations which occurred in the new contexts of migration. Eventually, the aim is to show how this kind of convergence can pave the way for a meeting between different cultures, taking the form of reciprocal comparison and exchange between different dimensions that aim at the recognition and reconstruction of their musical identity: a meeting that brings with it in each area new and complex challenges of inclusion, citizenship and peaceful coexistence and development.

This study explores the role of NGOs in Angola's post-conflict reconstruction and development process. The study was motivated by a perception obtained from a preliminary literature acquaintance and events that pointed to the developing of a centralised, state-led model. As a result, NGOs were facing funding crises and political pressure which were obstructing their participation in the process. Thus, the study sought to investigate the substance of these trends and how NGOs were responding to them. The study finds that the current policy dynamics underlying the process supports the perception that a centralised, state-led model is developing. At the same time, NGOs are shifting their engagement from emergency work to a development paradigm; they are focusing their activities on rural development and civic awareness; and they are lobbying for the opening of the public space. NGOs believe that they can contribute a unique socib-economic and political capital to the process which neither the public sector nor the private sector can. For this, they argue that the process should be participatory to enable openness and accommodate the contributions of all social actors. However, they believe that the government should playa leading role because of the need to create the infrastructural basis the country lacks to rebuild and develop.<br>Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.

W niniejszej rozprawie doktorskiej dokonano opisu i systematyzacji zasobu leksyki politycznej współczesnego języka rosyjskiego. Materiał badawczy został wyekscerpowany ze słowników opisowych. W pierwszym rozdziale przedstawiono tło historyczne i charakter zmian, jakie zachodziły w języku rosyjskim w monetach kluczowych XX wieku (po Rewolucji Październikowej 1917 r. i po pierestrojce lat 1985 – 1991). Rozważania w rozdziale drugim poświęcono językowi polityki i klasyfikacji leksyki politycznej. Zweryfikowano jego miejsce wśród socjolektów i odmian funkcjonalnych języka, zawarto tu także przegląd definicji języka polityki, możliwych kierunków badań w tej dziedzinie, usystematyzowano terminy leksyka polityczna oraz leksyka społeczno-polityczna. Rozdział trzeci skupia się wokół zagadnienia teorii nominacji i sposobów nominacji w zakresie leksyki politycznej. Zaprezentowano zmiany w obrębie znaczenia (polityzacja, depolityzacja, deideologizacja i deaktualizacja, dearchaizacja), omówiono powstawanie leksemów jako rezultatu procesów słowotwórczych (prefiksacja, sufiksacja, skrótowce, złożenia) i pokazano rolę i znaczenie zapożyczeń jako źródła nowych słów i znaczeń. W Podsumowaniu zawarto wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań. Analiza tematyczna pokazała, że podział na dwie grupy („Polityka wewnętrzna” i „Polityka zewnętrzna”) był celowy, co potwierdza założenie o różnorodności semantycznej zasobu leksyki politycznej współczesnego języka rosyjskiego. Praca zawiera wstęp, podsumowanie, część zasadniczą, wykaz literatury oraz dwa indeksy leksemów: „Indeks leksemów poddanych analizie” oraz „Indeks skrótowców”.<br>This doctoral thesis contains description and systematization of the political lexis of the modern Russian language. The research material was excerpted from descriptive dictionaries. The first chapter of the thesis presents the historical background and the nature of the changes which occurred in the Russian Language in important moments in the 20th century (after the October Revolution of 1917 and after perestroika 1985-91). Chapter Two contains reflections on the language of politics and classification of the political lexis. Its position among sociolects and functional variations of the language was verified. This chapter also contains a review of definitions of the language of politics. Moreover, the terms political lexis and socio-political lexis were systematized. Chapter Three concentrates on the issues of nomination theory and the ways of nomination within the political lexis. It presents changes within the meanings of lexical units (politicization, depoliticization, deideologization and deactualization, dearchaization), discusses the origins of lexemes as a result of word formation processes (prefixation, suffixation, acronyms, compound words) and demonstrates the role and significance of borrowings as a source of new words and meanings. The last part (Conclusion) contains conclusions from the research. The subjective analysis proved that the division into two groups (“internal policy” and “external policy”) was purposeful. This confirms the assumption of the semantic diversity of the political vocabulary in the modern Russian language. The thesis contains the introduction, the conclusion, the main body, the bibliography and two lexeme indices: “The Index of Lexemes under Analysis” as well as “The Index of Acronyms”.<br>Wydział Filologiczny. Instytut Filologii Wschodniosłowiańskiej